# Biobased, Biogenic Carbon Testing, ASTM D6866 - SGS Beta
> ISO/IEC 17205-accredited SGS Beta offers ASTM D6866, ISO 16620, and EN 16640 biobased content testing. Biofuels and natural products also accepted.
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## Posts
### [CertiPUR-US® Program Certifies Biobased Foams](https://www.betalabservices.com/certipur-us-certifies-biobased-foams/)
**Published:** September 8, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The CertiPUR-US® foam certification program is launching an initiative to certify biobased slabstock flexible polyurethane foams in September 2023. Biobased content will be measured by ISO 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic following the ASTM D6866 Method B standard.
**Content:**
The CertiPUR-US® foam certification program is launching an initiative to certify biobased slabstock flexible polyurethane foams in September 2023. Biobased content will be measured by ISO 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta following the [ASTM D6866 Method B standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) using an Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) instrument.
## Foams must be at least 25% Biobased
A minimum of 25% [biobased content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) must be met to achieve biobased foam certification through this program. All certified biobased foams must be recertified six months after the initial certification and annually after that.
To qualify for certification, producers must follow CertiPUR’s technical guidelines.1 Foam producers that achieve this biobased certification will have permission to use an exclusive CertiPUR-US® logo.
In addition to biobased testing, certified biobased slabstock foams must also meet additional physical property testing requirements. These include foam tensile, tear, elongation, ball rebound and air flow testing. Physical property testing results must be recorded using the Physical Property Testing Report form.2
## About CertiPUR®-US Certified Foams
CertiPUR-US® certified slabstock foams contain certified flexible polyurethane foam. The certified foams have low volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions; are made without ozone depleters or heavy metals, formaldehyde, or phthalates; and they are made without polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) or Tris flame retardants Tris (2-chloroethyl)-phosphate (TCEP), Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (TDBPP), Tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) or Tris-(aziridinyl)-phosphinoxide (TEPA). For more information, visit <https://certipur.us/biobased/>.
CertiPUR-US® is a certification program administered by nonprofit Alliance for Flexible Polyurethane Foam, Inc.
**SGS Beta is an internationally recognized biobased testing facility that reports results in 7 days or less. [Contact](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) our team to submit samples for biobased testing.**
References:
1\. 2023. [Technical Guidelines for SLABSTOCK Flexible Polyurethane Foam](https://certipur.us/technical-guidelines/). CertiPUR-US®
2\. 2023. [Slabstock Internal Physical Performance Testing Report](https://certipur.us/producerforms/). CertiPUR-US®
Image credit: Certipur.us
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[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**You may also be interested in:**
- [The FDRA’s Guide on How to Make Sustainable Footwear](https://www.betalabservices.com/fdra-guide-on-making-sustainable-shoes/)
- [Biobased Product Labeling and Certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
---
Page last updated: May 2025
**Categories:** Biobased Products, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Biobased Testing & the Nordic Swan Ecolabel for Textiles](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-content-testing-nordic-swan-ecolabel-for-textiles/)
**Published:** September 5, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The Nordic Swan Ecolabel for textiles set strict requirements for fibers and chemicals as part of efforts to reduce the environmental impact of textiles throughout their life cycles. Textiles must be made from fibers that are either organic, recycled or based on renewable resources complying with specific environmental requirements.
**Content:**
The Nordic Swan Ecolabel sets requirements concerning the production of both natural and synthetic fibers for companies located in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, and Denmark. Natural and synthetic fibers impact the environment in various ways. Synthetic fibers, for example, use fossil resources, while conventional cultivation of cotton for natural fibers involves high consumption of water and pesticides.
Acceptable fibers for Nordic Swan certification include organic cotton fibers, wool, other creatine fibers (either sheep, camel, alpaca, or goat), regenerated cellulose produced by a closed loop process, flax (linen), silk, bamboo, sisal, and other bast fibers. The Nordic Swan Ecolabel for textiles set strict requirements for fibers and chemicals in a June 2023 update (version 5.3) as part of its efforts to reduce the environmental impact of textiles throughout their life cycles.
## **Requirements for Textiles and Material Composition include:**
- Textiles must be made from fibers that are either organic, recycled or based on renewable resources complying with specific environmental requirements.
- Information provided on whether textile fibers, coating polymer, filling and plastic materials are recycled and/or [**biobased**.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)
## **Requirements for Synthetic Fibers of Biobased Origin include:**
- Synthetic fibers of biobased origin must contain at least 90% biobased raw material documented by testing in accordance with [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html), [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), or an equivalent standard.
## **Requirements for Raw Materials include:**
- Raw materials used in the production of polymer fibers must:
- Not be from palm oil, soybean oil, and soy flour
- Sugar cane raw materials must be either:
- a) waste or residual products defined in accordance with the EU’s Renewable Energy Directive (RED) 2018/2001 and there must be traceability back to the production/process where the residual production occurred, or
- b) sugarcane must not be genetically modified.
- The purchaser of the biobased polymer must document the purchase of certified raw materials for polymer production in the form of an invoice or delivery note.
- All raw materials must be tested in accordance with **ISO 16620, ASTM D6866**, or equivalent standard showing proof of biobased raw material.
## **Measuring Biobased Carbon**
As biobased products evolve, third-party laboratory testing using **ASTM D6866 measurements** allow manufacturers to validate biobased carbon content. ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic offers biobased testing with results available in 7 business days or less.
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Nordic Swan Ecolabel. However, you are welcome to [contact us](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) if you have any questions on testing fees and sample size recommendations.
**References:**
- 2023. Nordic Swan Ecolabelling for Textiles, Hides/Skins, and Leather. Version 5.3 01 March 2022 – 01 May 2026.
- 2023. [Nordic Swan Ecolabel Criteria. Manufacturing of Textiles, Hides/ Skins and Leather 039.](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/manufacturing-of-textiles-hides-skins-and-leather-039/)
*Photo credit: Eugene Golovesov via Pexels*
---
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**You might also be interested in:**
– [Nordic Swan Ecolabel for Toys](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-toy-ecolabelling/)
– [USDA – What is the BioPreferred Program?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/AboutBioPreferred.xhtml)
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [How Toy Makers can Avoid Greenwashing Claims](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-toy-ecolabelling/)
**Published:** June 7, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In a cluttered market like the toy industry, a transparent approach goes a long way to stand out from competitors. Consumers will be more likely to trust your toys if the “eco-friendly” claims in your packaging and marketing materials are validated. Getting a Nordic Swan Ecolabel or USDA Certified Biobased Product label can help prove that your toy products are indeed “green”.
**Content:**
In a cluttered market like the toy industry, a transparent approach goes a long way to stand out from competitors. Consumers will be more likely to trust your toys if the “eco-friendly” claims in your packaging and marketing materials are validated. Getting a **Nordic Swan Ecolabel** or **USDA Certified Biobased Product** label can help prove that your toy products are indeed “green”.
## Nordic Swan Ecolabel for Toys with Biobased Textile Components
The Nordic Swan Ecolabel is the official ecolabel of the Scandinavian countries. Established in 1989, the Nordic Swan Ecolabel currently addresses more than 25,000 different products across [55 product groups,](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/) including toys.
All components of [Nordic Swan Ecolabelled toys](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/toys-095/) must meet stringent standards for environmental and health impacts. Each material in the product must be free from an extensive list of harmful chemical additives. The certification also has stringent requirements concerning the origins of raw materials used in biobased fibers and polymers, including crop type, chain of custody (CoC) certification, and documentation that the crops were not genetically modified. All toys which receive the Nordic Swan Ecolabel are in compliance with the [EU Toy Safety Directive](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/toys/toy-safety_en).
A Nordic Swan Ecolabelled toy must also meet additional criteria based on the material type.
For example, if the toy contains synthetic fibers of biobased origin (and textile constitutes more than 30% by weight of the product), the vegetable raw materials should be residual products or are not genetically modified. Synthetic fibers that contain biobased polymers sourced from raw materials such as sugarcane or maize must contain at least 90% biobased material reported in accordance with [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html), [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), or an equivalent standard.
The Nordic Swan Ecolabel is only applicable to toys marketed for children under the age of 14 that are made of one or more of these materials: (1) plastic, foam, silicone and rubber; (2) textiles, hide/skins and leather; (3) filler materials, (4) metal, (5) paper, paperboard and cardboard; (6) solid wood and bamboo; and (7) wood-based panels.
Examples of toys that can be Nordic Swan Ecolabelled are:
- Rattles, teething toys and activity toys made of various materials for children under the age of 3;
- Building blocks, dolls, soft toys, puzzles, spades, cars, doll’s houses and train sets;
- Ride-on cars and balance bikes for children IF they are covered by the EU Toy Safety Directive.
The following toys are NOT accepted:
- Electronic toys (including toys that contain batteries);
- Single-use toys, e.g. stickers;
- Balloons, water balloons, chemistry sets, slime toys, soap bubbles, other toys containing liquids (including encapsulated liquids);
- Toys attached to / included in food;
- Hobby supplies, e.g. modeling wax, fingerpaints, clay, plaster;
- Babies’ soothers;
- Fireworks;
- Sports equipment and bicycles designed for sport or for use on public roads.
The latest Nordic Swan Ecolabel Criteria for Toys (version 3.6) is valid until June 30, 2026.
## USDA Certified Biobased Label for Toys and Sporting Gear
Created by the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 and expanded by the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s [BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) aims to increase consumption of biobased products in the country. The Program provides federal agencies with tools and training to help them meet their biobased purchasing requirements and aid consumers to easily identify commercially available biobased products. As of May 2023, the Program has identified 139 product categories for which agencies and their contractors have purchasing requirements.
For toys and sporting gear, the USDA BioPreferred Program will only accept products that are at least **32% biobased as measured by ASTM D6866 testing** as of May 2023. Certification remains valid only if the certified toy or sporting gear complies with the required minimum biobased content. If the USDA revises the required minimum levels, the certified product must meet the new requirement to continue using the label.
To maintain credibility, the USDA BioPreferred Program routinely audits the products it qualifies.
The Program describes the toys and sporting gear category as “products that are designed for indoor or outdoor recreational use including, but not limited to, toys; games; and sports equipment and accessories such as balls, bats, racquets, nets, and bicycle seats.” Excluded from this category are cleaners, lubricants, and oils that are used to maintain or clean toys and sporting gear.
### About Beta Analytic
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides high-quality **ASTM D6866 biobased content testing.** Based in Miami, Florida, the laboratory has forwarding offices in London, UK; Xiamen, China; Nagoya, Japan; Seoul, South Korea; and Taipei, Taiwan. All packages shipped to these offices are forwarded to Miami via overnight courier service at Beta Analytic’s expense.
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Nordic Swan Ecolabel or the USDA BioPreferred Program. However, you are welcome to [contact us](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) if you have any questions on testing fees and sample size recommendations.
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
### Ready to Submit Toy Samples?
Please contact us before sending your toy samples. We will need instructions on which component to analyze, especially for products with multi-color parts. Please also let us know if you intend to test the biobased content of your product’s packaging materials.
**References:**
- [Nordic Swan Ecolabel for Toys](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/toys-095/)
- [USDA – What is the BioPreferred Program?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/AboutBioPreferred.xhtml)
- [USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml) (accessed May 2023)
**You may also be interested in these topics:**
[USDA Certified Biobased Application – BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
[Why Measure your Product’s Biobased Content?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)
*Photo by Vanessa Bucceri on Unsplash*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
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### [The SGS Green Marks Biobased Certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-green-marks-biobased/)
**Published:** March 25, 2025
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Biobased Content is one of the attributes under the SGS Environmental Claim Certification Scheme (ECCS), also known as SGS green marks. As with all the other attributes under SGS ECCS, Biobased Content has a clearly defined product scope and criteria based on scientific evidence.
The certification mark includes the SGS green marks logo, the scheme name “Biobased”, the percentage of biobased carbon contained in the material or product, and the standard test method used to determine the biobased carbon content, e.g. [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html).
## Fast Facts:
| Product Scope | – Plastic material or product – Any other solid or liquid sample reviewed by SGS ECCS team |
|---|---|
| General Requirements | The examined material or product shall contain a minimum of: – 30% total organic carbon based on dry mass, and – 20% biobased carbon content as determined using the standard test methods [ASTM D6686](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), EN 16640 or [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) Plastics. Qualitative analysis must be done via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) or other analytical methods as suggested by the approved laboratory. |
| Certification Validity | 5 years |
| Surveillance Requirement | Two surveillance tests shall be arranged. Biobased carbon content testing and qualitative analysis must be done between the 19th-20th month and the 39th-40th month after the certificate issuance. The SGS certification team will notify the client to submit samples for testing in the 18th month and the 38th month after the certificate issuance. |
The SGS ECCS Biobased Content scheme requires that laboratories approved for **biobased carbon testing** and qualitative analysis are ISO 17025-accredited. For information on how to apply for this biobased label, please contact [SGS green marks.](https://www.sgs.com/en-us/services/sgs-green-marks)
## Biobased Carbon Content Testing at SGS Beta
[ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) provides accurate and precise biobased carbon content testing using the standards ASTM D6866, EN 16640 and ISO 16620-2. The lab is based in Miami, Florida, and has sample forwarding offices in Europe (Germany, Spain, UK) and Asia (China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan).
The lab provides results for **biobased carbon content testing in 4-7 business days,** depending on the service selected by the client.
SGS Beta is an approved laboratory for biobased carbon content testing under the SGS Green Marks Biobased scheme. [Contact us for details on fees, turnaround time, and other information. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)To request for a price quote, please use [this form](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html).
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Page Last Updated: March 2025
**Categories:** Biobased Products
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### [Blue Angel Ecolabel: Is Biobased Testing Required for Lubricants?](https://www.betalabservices.com/blue-angel-ecolabel-biobased-testing-lubricants/)
**Published:** September 30, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Through its ecolabel for biodegradable lubricants and hydraulic fluids, Blue Angel aims to enable buyers to choose products that consist primarily of renewable raw materials (vegetable or animal oils) and have a good biodegradability.
**Content:**
Germany’s Blue Angel Ecolabel is used as the country’s sustainable purchasing guide and sets stringent standards for environmentally friendly products and services ranging from household cleaning products to textiles and construction materials.
Through its ecolabel for biodegradable lubricants and hydraulic fluids, Blue Angel aims to enable buyers to choose products that consist primarily of renewable raw materials (vegetable or animal oils) and have a good biodegradability.
## **Biobased Content Testing Required for Lubricants**
In the environmental label DE-UZ 178 “Biodegradable Lubricants and Hydraulic Fuels”, the term “bio” on the packaging may be used in accordance with the requirements of DIN CEN/TR 16227:2011-10 and DIN EN 16807. In this case, [biobased carbon content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) for lubricants must be determined using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), DIN CEN/TS 16137 (DIN SPEC 91236), or [CEN/TS 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) testing standards. The ratio of biobased carbon content to the total carbon content of the lubricant must also be calculated and indicated on the packaging in increments of 5%.
For mineral oil-based lubricants and lubricants with a biomass content of less than 25% by mass in the final product, it is not permitted to use the advertising message “bio” and testing is not required.
To verify biobased carbon content of lubricants that meet the specified criteria, applicants should submit a test report on the final product in accordance with ASTM D6866 or DIN CEN/TS 16137 performed by an **ISO 17025-accredited laboratory.**
## **About the Blue Angel**
The Blue Angel is an impartial and voluntary product label that is independent of business interests, as guaranteed by several agencies including Germany’s Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) – the owner of the label, the German Environment Agency, the Environmental Label Jury, and RAL gGmbH as an independent certification body.
**References:**
2022\. Blue Angel: The German Ecolabel. Biodegradable Lubricants and Hydraulic Fuels. DE-UZ 178. Basic Award Criteria.
[Blue Angel – Biodegradable Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids](https://www.blauer-engel.de/en/productworld/lubricants-and-hydraulic-fluids/greases?mfilter%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=producttypes&mfilter%5B0%5D%5Bvalue%5D=843&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blauer-engel.de%2Fen%2Fproductworld%2Flubricants-and-hydraulic-fluids%2Fgreases) (last accessed September 2023)
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Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Blue Angel or the Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety.
Miami-based [ISO 17025-accredited ](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)Beta Analytic is an internationally recognized biobased carbon content testing facility that reports results in 7 days or less. [Contact](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) the lab to submit lubricants for biobased content testing.
**You may also be interested in:**
- [Germany’s Emissions Cap Program Now Accepts Carbon-14 Biogenic Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/germany-fuel-emissions-trading-act-biogenic-content-testing/)
- [Biobased Product Labeling and Certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
[**Join our mailing list to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.**](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products
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### [SGS Beta 2026年 休業日のお知らせ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-holiday-schedule/)
**Published:** January 4, 2026
**Author:** JP BLS
**Excerpt:** 11月19日
11月26-27日 (感謝祭／サンクスギビングホリデー)
2026年12月24日から2027年1月1日まで (クリスマスホリデー, 元旦)
**Content:**
お客様各位
平素は格別のご高配を賜り、厚く御礼申し上げます。
2026年の弊社マイアミラボの休業日を下記の通りご案内申し上げます。
皆様方にはご不便をおかけいたしますが、ご理解の程お願い申し上げます。
- - 2026年1月1-2日(元旦)
- 3月4日
- 5月25日 (メモリアルデー)
- 7月3日 (独立記念日)
- 9月7日 (勤労感謝の日)
- 11月19日
- 11月26-27日 (感謝祭／サンクスギビングホリデー)
- 2026年12月24日から2027年1月1日まで (クリスマスホリデー, 元旦)
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
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### [SGS Beta 2026 Holiday Schedule (Lab Closure)](https://www.betalabservices.com/holiday-schedule/)
**Published:** January 5, 2026
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Excerpt:** November 19
November 26-27 (Thanksgiving Holiday)
December 24, 2026 – January 1, 2027 (all dates inclusive) – Christmas and New Year
**Content:**
- - January 1-2 (New Year)
- March 4
- May 25 (Memorial Day)
- July 3 (Independence Day)
- September 7 (Labor Day)
- November 19
- November 26-27 (Thanksgiving Holiday)
- December 24, 2026 – January 1, 2027 (all dates inclusive) – Christmas and New Year
**Categories:** SGS Beta Updates
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### [Vanilla and Natural Product Testing - Why Does It Matter?](https://www.betalabservices.com/vanilla-vanillin/)
**Published:** June 29, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
As consumers place growing importance on “natural” ingredients, there are increasing instances of synthetic alternatives, which are often cheaper, being used in place of the more expensive naturally sourced products. Alongside this trend is a growing concern among consumers regarding the use of petroleum-sourced synthetic materials. Vanilla, which is extremely popular in the flavor and fragrance industry, is one of the ingredients affected.
Most of the prominent flavor of vanilla comes from the compound vanillin. It is naturally sourced from vanilla orchids, which are in short supply. As a result, the demand for vanillin far exceeds the natural supply and synthetic routes to vanillin have filled the gap.
Currently, the majority of vanillin is produced synthetically; two major routes are using lignin and using guaiacol. Lignin is a byproduct of the paper-making industry while guaiacol is a petrochemical precursor. Being able to verify that a vanillin product is petrochemical-free holds important value for both the distributors and consumers.
## Natural Product Analysis of Vanillin Using Carbon-14
Radiocarbon [(Carbon-14) testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fragrances.html "Carbon-14 testing") can be used for authentication where there is concern that a natural product may have been substituted or adulterated with a cheaper petrochemical synthetic alternative.
Carbon-14 analysis distinguishes between the plant-based “natural” and petrochemical sources on the basis of their Carbon-14 content. If sourced from nature, a material has a known Carbon-14 content, whereas a petrochemically sourced material will not contain any Carbon-14. By measuring the Carbon-14 content, it is therefore clear if a [natural product](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) has been substituted either wholly or in part with a petroleum-sourced synthetic alternative.
In the case of vanillin, Carbon-14 testing is able to detect the presence of any petrochemically produced vanillin from guaiacol. Given the extent of vanillin produced by guaiacol, being able to differentiate between the plant-based and petrochemical-sourced vanillin is an important tool for many reasons, foremost of which are quality control and marketing. Carbon-14 analysis is not able to distinguish between different plant-based sources of vanillin, for example between vanillin from vanilla orchids and vanillin from lignin.
### Beta Analytic – A Natural Products Laboratory
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast and high-quality radiocarbon analysis for the fragrance and flavor industry. The results are reported according to either ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased content as a fraction of total carbon (TC) or total organic carbon (TOC). Based in Miami, Florida, the lab provides results accessible online 24/7 along with QA reports. For rates and turnaround time inquiries, please contact Beta Analytic or call a local [forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "forwarding office").
**References:**
MM Bomgardner. 2016. The problem with vanilla: After vowing to go natural, food brands face a shortage of the favored flavor. *Chemical and Engineering News* **94**(36): 38-42.
Greener Industry. n.d. *Vanillin: Production Methods Summary*.
NJ Gallage and BL Møller. 2015. Vanillin–Bioconversion and Bioengineering of the Most Popular Plant Flavor and Its De Novo Biosynthesis in the Vanilla Orchid. *Molecular Plant* **8**: 40-57.
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
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### [Les produits ménagers et d'hygiène de Greenology sont-ils vraiment biosourcés ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/produits-greenology-contenu-biosource/)
**Published:** March 22, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Dans un article co-écrit avec Greenology Products, la responsable marketing de Beta Analytic, Haley Gershon, décrit l’utilisation de l’analyse du carbone 14 pour vérifier les ingrédients dérivés de la biomasse utilisés dans la formulation de produits ménagers et d’hygiène et explique la nécessité de telles analyses pour prétendre à certains [programmes de certification et d’éco-étiquetage](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html).
## Comprendre le contenu biosourcé**
La préférence pour les produits ménagers et d’hygiène à base de plantes a conduit les fabricants à développer des produits biosourcés. L’analyse du carbone 14** est une méthode appropriée et précise pour vérifier les ingrédients biosourcés, car elle mesure le pourcentage d’ingrédients d’origine végétale par rapport aux composants dérivés de la pétrochimie dans un produit. Le carbone 14 étant un isotope radioactif présent dans tous les organismes vivants, tout produit issu de sources renouvelables contiendra du carbone 14. En revanche, les produits dérivés de combustibles fossiles ne contiennent pas de carbone 14.
Les résultats des analyses au carbone 14 sont exprimés en pourcentage (%) de contenu biosourcé allant de 0% à 100%. Un produit entièrement composé de matériaux renouvelables donnera un résultat 100% biosourcé. Alors qu’un produit qui ne contient que des substances dérivées de la pétrochimie donnera un résultat de 0 %. Un résultat intermédiaire indiquera que le produit est un mélange d’ingrédients issus de la biomasse et de combustibles fossiles.
Consultez cette page pour plus de renseignements : [Comprendre la mesure du contenu biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biomasse.html)
## Étude de cas sur le contenu biosourcé : produits Greenology**
Greenshield Organic est une marque de Greenology Products qui fabrique la première gamme de détergents et de produits de nettoyage biologiques aux États-Unis. Greenology Products propose également des produits de leur propre marque biologiques et naturels dans le domaine de la maison et de l’hygiène personnelle aux distributeurs du pays.
L’entreprise a aidé à mettre sur le marché plus de 75 produits **biosourcés certifiés par le Département américain de l’agriculture (USDA)**. Dans le but de certifier ces produits, Greenology Products a collaboré avec Beta Analytic pour effectuer l’analyse du carbone 14 sur de nouvelles formulations, non seulement pour obtenir la [certification biosourcée et l’écolabel USDA BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html), mais aussi pour aider à confirmer la dérivation des ingrédients de la formule. Les produits Greenology qui ont été testés comprennent :
- Produit vaisselle – teneur biosourcée 71%
- Lingettes multi-surfaces – teneur biosourcée 98%
- Lessive liquide – teneur biosourcée 98%
Le produit nettoyant dégraissant multi-surfaces biologique de l’entreprise a obtenu à la fois la certification USDA 100 % biosourcée et la certification biologique USDA, ce qui indique que le produit est entièrement dérivé d’ingrédients naturels et cultivé et transformé de manière biologique conformément aux normes du programme biologique national de l’USDA (USDA National Organic Program).
## Programme BioPreferred de l’USDA**
En matière de certification, le pourcentage de biomasse requis dépendra du programme. Le programme USDA BioPreferred, par exemple, établit le contenu biosourcé minimum en fonction de la catégorie d’un produit.
Exemples de catégories de produits ménagers et d’hygiène et leurs exigences minimales en matière de contenu biosourcé :
- Produits vaisselle – 58 %
- Produits pour le bain – 61%
- Lessives – 34%
- Déodorants – 73%
- Shampooings – 66%
L’analyse du carbone 14 est une méthode fiable pour déterminer le pourcentage de contenu biosourcé** dans la formulation d’un produit. Les résultats des analyses permettent à des entreprises comme Greenology Products de se qualifier pour certaines certifications, telles que le programme USDA Biopreferred en vérifiant si leurs produits respectent le pourcentage requis de contenu biosourcé.
Pour plus d’informations, veuillez lire l’article complet de Beta Analytic “Greenology Products verifies household & personal care biobased products” (pp 50-51) publié dans le journal Household & Personal Care Today en décembre 2021.
## Services d’analyse du carbone 14 de Beta Analytic**
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO 17025 est un [laboratoire d’analyse du contenu biosourcé ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html) basé à Miami, en Floride, qui propose un délai de livraison standard de 7 jours ouvrés ou moins. Des services plus rapides sont également disponibles.
### **Vous souhaitez faire certifier votre produit biosourcé ?**
[Contactez-nous dès aujourd’hui !](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
*Beta Analytic s’engage à fournir des analyses fiables et de haute qualité pour répondre aux exigences du programme BioPreferred de l’USDA. Le laboratoire n’est pas affilié à Greenology, à l’USDA ou au programme BioPreferred.*
*Crédit photo : Karolina Grabowska de Pexels*
---
La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le vendredi 7 janvier 2022
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Beta Analytic Examines the Adulteration of Natural Ingredients](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-ingredients/)
**Published:** July 27, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In a recent edition of the Food Safety Magazine, Beta Analytic Global Operations Manager Jasmine Garside and Research Associate Anna Lykkeberg discussed the adulteration of natural food products. The article outlines how carbon-14 testing can enhance supply chain integrity and food safety by detecting synthetic petrochemical-derived adulterants that are mislabelled on food products and ingredients.
Booming demand for natural products that are usually sold at a premium means economically motivated adulteration is now rife. Adulteration with any substance is a food safety concern. Even if the additive does not pose a risk to human health, the quality of the final product is compromised if ingredients are mislabelled.
Adulteration is also a legal and financial risk for F&F distributors and food manufacturers. Although use of the lucrative ‘natural’ label is widely unregulated, consumers expect these products to be devoid of synthetic substances, requiring companies to perform diligent quality assurance before risking their brand name and client confidence.
For more information, see Beta Analytic’s article “Have Your Natural Ingredients Been Adulterated?” in the June/July 2018 issue of Food Safety Magazine.
## Backing Up Natural Claims
Beta Analytic offers fast and high-quality [carbon-14 analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fraud-detection.html) to help food manufacturers and regulators determine whether the food or beverage products or ingredients contain any petrochemical-derived material. For inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Are Greenology's Household & Personal Care Products Really Biobased?](https://www.betalabservices.com/greenology-products-biobased-content/)
**Published:** January 7, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In an article co-authored with Greenology Products, Beta Analytic’s Marketing Manager Haley Gershon describes the use of Carbon-14 testing to verify biomass-derived ingredients used in the formulation of household and personal care products and explains the need of such testing to qualify for certain [certification and eco-labeling programs.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
## **Understanding Biobased Content**
The preference for plant-based household and personal care products has led manufacturers to develop biobased products. **Carbon-14 testing** is an appropriate and accurate method to verify biobased ingredients, since it measures the percentage of plant-sourced ingredients versus petrochemical-derived components in a product. Since Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope present in all living organisms, any product derived from renewable sources will contain Carbon-14. On the other hand, fossil fuel-derived products do not contain any Carbon-14.
Carbon-14 test results are expressed in percentage (%) of biobased content ranging from 0% to 100%. A product that is entirely composed of renewable materials will yield a result of 100% biobased content. Whereas, a product that contains only petrochemical-derived substances will yield a result of 0%. A result in between these values indicates that the product is a mixture of biomass and fossil fuel-derived ingredients.
Visit this page for more details: [Understanding Biobased Carbon Content Measurement](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)
## **Biobased Content Case Study: Greenology Products**
Greenshield Organic is a brand of Greenology Products that manufactures the first line of organic detergent and cleaning products in the USA. Greenology Products also offers organic and natural private label products in the home and personal care industries to retailers in the country.
The company has helped to bring more than 75 **U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Certified Biobased** products to the market. With the objective of certifying those products, Greenology Products collaborated with Beta Analytic to perform the Carbon-14 testing on new formulations, not only to achieve the [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label,](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) but also to help confirm the formula ingredient derivation. Greenology products that have been tested include:
- Dish soap – certified at 71% biobased
- Multi-surface wipes – 98% biobased
- Liquid laundry detergent – 98% biobased
The company’s Organic Multi-Surface Cleaner Degreaser product achieved both USDA Certified 100% Biobased and USDA Certified Organic, which indicates that the product is wholly derived from natural ingredients and grown and processed organically in accordance with the USDA National Organic Program’s standards.
## **USDA BioPreferred Program**
When it comes to certification, the percentage of biomass required will depend on the program. The USDA BioPreferred® Program, for example, establishes the minimum biobased content depending on a product’s category.
Examples of **USDA Certified Biobased** household and personal care products categories and their minimum biobased content requirements:
- Dishwashing Products – 58%
- Bath Products – 61%
- General Purpose Laundry Products – 34%
- Deodorants – 73%
- Shampoos – 66%
Carbon-14 analysis is a reliable method for determining the **percentage of biobased content** within a product formulation. Test results allow companies like Greenology Products to qualify for certain certifications, such as the USDA Biopreferred Program by validating if their products meet the required percentage of biobased content.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s full article “Greenology Products verifies household & personal care biobased products” (pp 50-51) published in Household & Personal Care Today Journal in December 2021.
## Beta Analytic’s Carbon-14 Testing Services**
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic is an [ASTM D6866 biobased content testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 biobased content testing") laboratory based in Miami, Florida, with a standard turnaround time of 7 business days or less. Faster services are also available.
### Interested in certifying your biobased product?
[Contact us today!](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
*Beta Analytic is committed to provide high-quality, reliable testing to fulfill the requirements of the USDA’s BioPreferred Program. The company is not affiliated with Greenology, the USDA or the BioPreferred Program.*
*Photo credit: Karolina Grabowska from Pexels*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, SGS Beta Case Studies, SGS Beta Updates, USDA Biopreferred Program
---
### [USDA Certified Biobased Deodorants - BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-label-deodorants/)
**Published:** November 20, 2017
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Manufacturers of biobased deodorants may use the USDA Certified Biobased label on their products as soon as their application in the USDA BioPreferred Program is approved. Minimum biobased content requirement for deodorants is 73%.
**Content:**
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) launched the **USDA** **BioPreferred® Program** to promote the use of eco-friendly products that are made significantly from renewable resources. The Program currently has 97 product categories, including deodorants. Manufacturers of biobased deodorants may use the **USDA Certified Biobased Product** label on their packaging and marketing materials as soon as their application is approved.
Deodorants are self-care products designed to hinder or mask perspiration and other body odor often in combination with an antiperspirant, as described in the BioPreferred Catalog which includes products made from agriculture, feedstocks or forestry. For deodorants to be accepted in the BioPreferred Catalog, they must have at least **73% biobased content** as measured by [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html).
Deodorants are often closely associated and sometimes confused with antiperspirants. What these two products have in common is the use of active ingredients and agents like film-forming antiperspirant polymers, metal salts, fragrance compositions, odor-neutralizing agents, antimicrobial agents, aliphatic diols and their esters, anti-adhesives and plant extracts, among others. If recent studies are to be believed, there is a growing connection between the use of antiperspirants and deodorants to the increasing risk of breast cancer for women.
Deodorants can potentially get rid of chemical ingredients like sulfates in place of organic, toxic free, natural fragrances and deodorizers.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased deodorants?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## **USDA BioPreferred Program**
The USDA BioPreferred Program provides jobs to Americans across the country and helps boost the local economy by creating a stable ecosystem between consumers, product manufacturers and federal agencies. As of November 2017, there are 97 product categories spanning a wide variety of uses and industries in the Program. There are also biobased products in the **BioPreferred Catalog** which have undergone third-party testing but have yet to be included for mandatory purchasing by federal agencies.
It is important for consumers to know and understand that the USDA Certified Biobased Product label is not an immediate guarantee of safety.
---
*ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA, the BioPreferred Program or ASTM. The lab provides fast ASTM D6866 third-party biobased content testing. Results are reported in 7 business days or less. A faster service is also available. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for price inquiries.*
---
**References:**
1\. [USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
2\. Linhart, C., Talasz, H., Morandi, E. M., Exley, C., Lindner, H. H., Taucher, S., . . . Ulmer, H. (2017). Use of Underarm Cosmetic Products in Relation to Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study. EBioMedicine, 21, 79-85. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.06.005
3\. Grand View Research. [Market Research Report: Bio-Based Propylene Glycol (PG) Market To 2020 – Global Industry Growth, Size, Share, Trends, Analysis And Forecast to 2020](https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/bio-based-propylene-glycol-pg-industry)
4\. SpecialChem (2015). [Rising Demand in Bio-based Cosmetics Drives Global Isostearic Market: Grand View Research](https://cosmetics.specialchem.com/news/industry-news/rising-demand-in-biobased-cosmetics-drives-global-isostearic-market-grand-view-research)
5\. Boonme, Prapaporn & Songkro, Sarunyoo (2010). [Antiperspirants and Deodorants: Active Ingredients and Novel Formulations](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267706548_Antiperspirants_and_Deodorants_Active_Ingredients_and_Novel_Formulations)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [How Cement Plants Measure Biogenic CO2 Emissions](https://www.betalabservices.com/biogenic-carbon/)
**Published:** May 14, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In a recent article in Global Cement Magazine, Beta Analytic marketing specialist Haley Gershon describes how carbon-14 testing can help cement plants reduce their greenhouse gas inventories by measuring their biogenic, carbon-neutral carbon dioxide emissions.
Biomass has a known amount of carbon-14. By measuring the carbon-14 content of a CO2 sample, the exact percentage of the gas that is biomass-derived can be determined. **Carbon-14 testing** is particularly useful for cement plants using alternative fuels, which are mixtures of biomass (e.g. paper, wood) and fossil inputs (e.g. plastics, petrochemical-derived surfactants). Examples of alternative fuels include refuse-derived fuels, municipal solid waste, sewage sludge and used tires.
Carbon-14 testing is done using standardized methods [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) or EN 16640 (superseded by [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644")). Results are reported as % biogenic carbon content or % biogenic CO2. If carbon-14 analysis indicates that a stack gas sample is 65% biogenic CO2, this means that 65% of the gas is derived from biomass and 35% is fossil-based.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article “14C Testing for the cement sector” found on page 32 of Global Cement Magazine’s May 2019 issue.
## Fast ASTM D6866, BS EN ISO 21644 Testing
Based in Miami, Florida, ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic helps cement plants comply with greenhouse gas regulations by providing fast, highly accurate ASTM D6866 and BS EN ISO 21644 testing for various alternative fuels and their combustion emissions.
For inquiries, please contact the lab using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) or call (+) 305-662-7760.
**Categories:** Renewable Carbon, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Beta Analytic – We Don’t Accept Samples with Labelled 13C, 12C, or 14C](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/)
**Published:** June 25, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic, Inc., is a **NATURAL LEVEL ISOTOPE LABORATORY.**
As part of its commitment to ensure the highest-quality results to its clients, ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic does not, and has never, accepted samples for [radiocarbon (14C) dating](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html) or the measurement of stable isotopes such as 13C, 12C, Nitrogen, Oxygen or Deuterium, that have in any way been enriched, labeled, depleted, or otherwise manipulated from their natural levels (i.e., as originally occurring in nature).
If samples containing enriched, labeled, depleted, or otherwise manipulated 14C, 13C, 12C, Nitrogen, Oxygen or Deuterium are submitted for analysis and their activities / abundances in any way damage equipment, interrupt operations or cause the loss or reanalysis of any samples to occur, **the submitter will accept and bear complete financial responsibility for all associated costs, which can be prohibitive.**
## Eliminate Any Cross-Contamination Risks
Areas where cross-contamination might occur include, but are not limited to:
- biomedical or nuclear reactors,
- isotope enrichment / depletion columns,
- water, soil, plant, or air samples collected near or at biomedical / nuclear reactor sites, medical, industrial, or hazardous waste sites,
- samples specifically manipulated to study the uptake / fractionation of stable isotopes due to biological or metabolic processes.
A common example:
Pharmaceutical companies evaluate drug metabolism by using a radio-labeled version of the drug under investigation. **Tracer (artificially labeled or HOT) 14C** is used as a tracer because it can easily substitute 12C atoms in the drug molecule, and it is relatively safe to handle. Tracer 14C is a well-known highly transmittable contaminant to natural level radiocarbon samples, and by association the chemistry laboratory and related accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) / isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) equipment that it comes into contact with or is analyzed by.
Since the Tracer 14C used in these types of pharmaceutical studies is phenomenally high (hundreds to tens of thousands of times greater than natural levels), once used in a laboratory it becomes ubiquitous and is virtually impossible to trace and or remove. Subsequent cross-contamination within a Biomedical AMS laboratory cannot be avoided. Although these levels of contamination are acceptable in a Biomedical AMS laboratory environment, they are not acceptable and must be avoided at all costs in a Natural Level AMS Radiocarbon (14C) dating laboratory.
Biomedical AMS facilities routinely measure tracer-level 14C samples that are hundreds to tens of thousands of times above the natural 14C levels found in archaeological, geological, water or biobased / biogenic samples. The 14C content from the biomedical samples is so high, even sharing personnel will pose a contamination risk; *“Persons from hot labs should not enter the natural labs and vice versa” (Zermeño et al. 2004, pg. 294 (3)).* These types of operations must be separate. Sharing personnel, equipment, chemistry lines, common areas or heating and air conditioning systems, runs the risk of contaminating Natural Level 14C archaeological, geological, water or biobased / biogenic samples.
## Avoid the Risks
Find out from the lab that you are planning to use that they have never in the past and will never in the future:
- accept, handle, graphitize or AMS count samples containing Tracer, Artificially Labeled or Hot 14C.
- share any laboratory space, equipment, or personnel with anyone preparing (pretreating, combusting, acidifying, or graphitizing) samples that contain Tracer, Artificially Labeled or Hot 14C.
- use AMS Counting Systems (including all beam-line components) for the measurement of samples that contain Tracer, Artificially Labeled or Hot 14C.
- accept, handle, or analyze stable isotope samples that have in any way been enriched, labeled, depleted, or otherwise manipulated from their natural levels (i.e., as originally occurring in nature).
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
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## Tracer-Free Lab Required
Many federal as well as other commercial contracts specify that a radiocarbon (14C) AMS laboratory must be 14C tracer-free facility to be considered for participation in solicitations.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html), and all biobased testing standards ([ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html), [ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-19984.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html), [EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html), [EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16807), [EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN17035)) specifically require, that ONLY Natural Level Radiocarbon (14C) laboratories that are not exposed to artificial 14C can perform testing.
As a natural level radiocarbon laboratory, we highly recommend that researchers require the AMS laboratory processing their samples to be completely tracer-free in all regards to their operation, equipment, and personnel.
NOTE: Some laboratories fail to meet these requirements. You should specifically ask the laboratory to verify that they are completely Tracer-Free, before submitting samples.
For inquiries, please email us at [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") or call +(1) 305-662-7760.
**References**:
1\. Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. Radiocarbon, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252 (Open Access).
“ . . . we certainly do not advocate processing both labeled and natural samples in the same chemical laboratory.” “The long-term consequences are likely to be disastrous.”
2\. Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. Radiocarbon, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253 (Open Access).
“. . . tracer 14C should not be allowed in a radiocarbon laboratory. “ “Despite vigorous recent efforts to clean up the room, the “blanks” we measured had 14C contents equivalent to modern or even post‐bomb levels. “
3\. Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297
doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058
“The presence of elevated 14C contamination in a laboratory preparing samples for natural radiocarbon analysis is detrimental to the laboratory workspace as well as the research being conducted.”
4\. High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. Radiocarbon, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045
“Samples that contain high concentrations of radiocarbon (“hot” samples) are a catastrophe for low background AMS laboratories.” “In our case the ion source system was seriously contaminated, as were the preparation lines.”
*Page Last Updated: November 2022*
**Categories:** SGS Beta Updates
**Tags:** Biobased Products
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### [Beta Analytic Offers EN 16785 to Verify Bio-based Content](https://www.betalabservices.com/en-16785/)
**Published:** June 29, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic provides Carbon-14 analyses for clients seeking bio-based carbon testing as part of the standard EN 16785-1 published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). This standard will be the basis of an upcoming European certification scheme for bio-based products implemented in 2016. It details the requirements for determining bio-based content of a given product using radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis. The standard references **CEN/TS 16640** for the Carbon-14 component.
For the purposes of EN 16785-1, the term “bio-based” means “derived from biomass.” A bio-based product is one that is partially or wholly comprised of materials derived from biomass. The new standard is applicable to any solid, liquid and gaseous product containing carbon, thus encompassing a broad range of bio-based products. It is hoped that this standardization will provide transparency and clarity to businesses and consumers assessing bio-based value chains throughout Europe.
A bio-based certification scheme based on this standard was also launched in 2016. By obtaining a bio-based certificate, companies can demonstrate the minimum share of **bio-based content** in their products on the label. A register of certified products will be publicly available on an online database, thus providing transparent and easily accessed information on the bio-based products available to businesses and consumers.
## Determination of the Bio-based Content using Radiocarbon Analysis
The purpose of the bio-based carbon content measurement is to determine what percentage of the carbon within a bio-based product is derived from biomass relative to the more readily sourced and less expensive petroleum-based alternatives. Radiocarbon analysis measures the isotope Carbon-14 present in all organic materials. Due to the rate of the isotope’s radioactive decay, it is all but absent in materials older than 45,000 years, thus helping to distinguish products derived from fossil materials from those derived from more recent organic matter. The measurement is a necessary part of certification under EN 16785-1.
In addition to the analytical requirements for Carbon-14 analysis, EN 16785 demands a statement from the manufacturer, which are validated by the combined results from the radiocarbon and the elemental analyses.
Beta Analytic does not offer elemental analysis at this time.
## About Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic offers radiocarbon analyses in compliance with this standard, drawing upon over thirty-five years of technical experience and a decade of regulatory expertise to aid producers, suppliers and consumers in testing products for bio-based content. In 2008, Beta Analytic was the first radiocarbon laboratory to be awarded the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation by Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, cementing its reputation as a highly competent and reliable testing laboratory. Today, it is the world’s largest radiocarbon dating and bio-based content testing laboratory and works alongside producers and regulators alike to stay at the forefront of the industry’s bio-based testing needs.
Beta Analytic is headquartered in Miami, Florida with international offices in Europe, Japan, China, Korea, and Taiwan. The lab offers high-quality bio-based carbon content measurements using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) with online reporting, technical support, and quality assurance reports included. Customer service is available in English, Chinese, French, German, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.
Contact the lab at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> for more information.
Other services offered:
[ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
[Bio-based Testing for LEED v4 certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/leed-v4-certification/)
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM, the USDA, CEN or the EC.*
**Categories:** SGS Beta Updates
**Tags:** Biobased Products
---
### [Beta Analytic Discusses Backing Up Clean Label Claims](https://www.betalabservices.com/clean-label-claims/)
**Published:** June 21, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
In a Food Ingredients First journal, Beta Analytic Global Operations Manager Jasmine Garside talks about how biobased content/Carbon-14 testing of food ingredients can back up manufacturers’ “no artificial ingredient” claims as part of the growing clean labeling trend. Claims that food and beverages have no artificial flavors or colors can be verified by testing whether their ingredients are indeed free from petrochemicals.
To further improve their Quality Assurance programs, manufacturers can use a third-party analytical method to determine whether or not the sweeteners, enhancers, food coloring and flavors used in their products were sourced from mineral sources such as petroleum or coal tar before making labeling claims. For details, please read Beta Analytic’s article “How to Back Up Clean Label Claims” in the June 2017 issue of Food Ingredients First’s The World of Food Ingredients, an international journal for beverage and food product developers.
### Fast Verification of Natural Claims
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic offers high-quality Carbon-14 analysis to determine if a food or beverage ingredient was sourced from petrochemical derivatives. The lab provides results in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For inquiries, please email the lab at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> or call a [local forwarding facility](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding facility").
**Categories:** Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [How to Detect Petrochemical Adulteration in Curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcumin-adulteration/)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Curcumin is one of the major curcuminoids found in turmeric and has many uses from food and supplements to cosmetics. In 2015, the size of the curcumin market exceeded $39 million with the majority of use seen in the pharmaceutical and food industries.1 As consumers have become increasingly health and environmentally conscious, the demand for naturally sourced ingredients has grown across many industries, as has been seen for curcumin.
Curcumin’s distinctive yellow color and flavor have made it a popular spice. It has also been used in traditional medicines. The use of curcumin in cosmetics has originated from the increasing desire for natural products and its associated health benefits.
As a supplement it is seeing a boost in usage based on its health benefits.2 Due to turmeric having low bioavailability, curcumin itself is preferred for use in the supplement form. Curcumin is known as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and even a defense against Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. There has, however, also been some skepticism on the its effectiveness due to bioavailability issues.3,4
## Curcumin Adulteration – Natural Product Testing
The **natural source** of curcumin is the turmeric plant. However, it is cheaper to produce synthetically from petrochemicals. With its myriad of uses and applications and increasing popularity, it is no surprise that curcumin is prone to economic adulteration with the cheaper to produce petrochemical sourced form. This also means that the detection of this adulteration has become increasingly important for manufacturers and suppliers of curcumin, both for quality control and as an assurance to consumers proving the authenticity of natural curcumin.
The **Carbon-14 content** of a material accurately indicates the proportion of naturally sourced curcumin. The analytical standard ISO 16620-2 outlines the measurement of the percentage of biobased carbon content out of the total carbon (TC) or total organic carbon (TOC) in a product using the Carbon-14 method. More details on the basis of Carbon-14 testing can be found in this [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html "curcumin") page.
### Beta Analytic – A Natural Product Testing Laboratory
Beta Analytic is an ISO 17025-accredited facility in Miami, Florida, that provides natural product sources testing using the Carbon-14 method and reports results according to the analytical standards ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2. For price or turnaround time inquiries, contact Beta Analytic at [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") or call a [local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "Beta local forwarding office").
Sources:
(1) Global Market Insights. 2016. [Curcumin Market Size By Application, Industry Analysis Report, Regional Outlook, Growth Potential, Price Trend, Competitive Market Share & Forecast, 2016 – 2024](https://www.gminsights.com/industry-analysis/curcumin-market "Curcumin Market Size By Application, Industry Analysis Report, Regional Outlook, Growth Potential, Price Trend, Competitive Market Share & Forecast, 2016 – 2024"). Global Market Insights. (accessed July 2017).
(2) Majeed S. 2015. [The State of the Curcumin Market](https://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/herbs-botanicals/state-curcumin-market "The State of the Curcumin Market"). Natural Products Insider. (accessed July 2017).
(3) Gupta SC, Patchva S, Aggarwal BB. [Therapeutic Roles of Curcumin: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535097/ "Therapeutic Roles of Curcumin: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials"). The AAPS Journal. 2013;15(1):195-218. doi:10.1208/s12248-012-9432-8.
(4) MacMillan A. 2017. Turmeric May Not Be a Miracle Spice After All. Time. (accessed August 2017).
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Beta Analytic Shares Views on Quality Control in the Supplement Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/qc-supplements/)
**Published:** October 18, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
In a recent issue of Nutrition Industry Executive, Beta Analytic Research Associate Anna Lykkeberg participated in a roundtable discussion on quality and compliance in the supplement industry and discussed the challenges with natural products and the role of third-party testing.
One of the key challenges in formulating natural supplements is having a stringent quality assurance program in place to catch any potential adulteration. One common form of adulteration is using cheaper petrochemical-derived synthetic materials in place of the often more expensive natural source. This can be detected using **Carbon-14 testing**. In a market where consumers are increasingly seeking out natural products, having reliable quality assurance is crucial to backup any “natural” claims.
For more details, please read the roundtable discussion “[Product Quality: A Measurable Distinction](https://niemagazine.com/product-quality-measurable-distinction/ "Product Quality: A Measurable Distinction")” in Nutrition Industry Executive’s September 2017 online issue.
## Carbon-14 Testing Lab Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic offers fast and high-quality Carbon-14 analysis for the dietary supplement industry to determine if products or ingredients have been sourced from petrochemical-derived or plant/biomass-derived material.
For turnaround time or price inquiries, please email the lab at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> or call a [local forwarding facility](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding facility").
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [What is “Natural”?](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-definition/)
**Published:** October 22, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
The definition of “natural” has been a popular topic for years following the growing interest in natural products. The claim lacks clear regulation in many industries, resulting in ambiguity for consumers seeking natural products. While regulations catch up with trends, it is important for businesses with natural products to be able to offer clarity for their consumers on what assurances they have in place to substantiate their “natural” labels.
A Euromonitor survey showed that while consumers were aware that the “natural” label was unregulated, many still trusted it. The most common expectations of the label were that the product be chemical free and without artificial additives. Being able to back up these claims with verified testing not only helps consumers make more informed decisions but may also boost confidence and add credibility to the brand.
There are two aspects commonly assessed when it comes to “natural” claims – the original source of the material and if/how it has been processed from its raw state. Even in industries such as flavoring where the term sees some specific regulation, the definition of “natural” still varies between different countries. Below are summaries of the status of the “natural” label in some key industries in the United States and European Union.
## Definitions of “Natural”
*[Food and Flavors](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fragrances.html)*
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not yet defined the term “natural”. However, the FDA does have policy detailing its use for labelling of human food. According to this definition, a food cannot be labelled as “natural” if anything synthetic or artificial has been added to the food that would not normally contain it. This also includes color additives, no matter if they are from a natural or synthetic source. Representative of the need for a definition of the term, the FDA recently called for comments on the “natural” claim.
In the EU, there are more specific regulations for using the “natural” label for certain products. For example, for flavoring substances to be termed “natural”, they must originate from vegetable, animal or microbiological material and only obtained through physical, enzymatic or microbiological processes. They should be consistent with those naturally present and identified in nature.
*[Supplements](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/food.html)*
Neither the US nor the EU have specific regulations or a definition for the “natural” claim in supplements.
The FDA treats dietary supplements as a subset of food, and they are regulated separately to conventional food under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). Dietary supplements do not need FDA approval for their safety or effectiveness before they can be put on the market.
The EU does treat dietary supplements as food with the additional targeted Directive 2002/46/EC outlining permitted vitamins and minerals in food supplements. However, specific regulations are up to the member country, and they consequently vary significantly across the EU.
*[Cosmetics](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/cosmetics.html)*
In the US, cosmetics are regulated by the FDA under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. There is currently no regulatory definition of “natural” for cosmetics, but they must not be misbranded. It is clear that there is growing concern over this, judging by the Federal Trade Commission’s proposed settlements penalizing companies making unfounded “100% natural” or “all-natural” claims.
The EU does not have a harmonized definition of “natural” for use in the personal care and cosmetics industry. Similar to the US, there are only general requirements that labels must be true and not misleading in nature. The lack of regulatory guidance on this claim has resulted in the appearance of many third-party certifications in the industry, each of which have their own “natural” content requirements.
## Carbon-14 Natural Product Testing
With no harmonized definition of “natural”, it becomes important for businesses to clarify what their “natural” claim means and to be able to verify it. One of the most common points when defining “natural” is the sourcing of the material in question.
Carbon-14 natural product testing is a method that can verify whether a product is plant-based or petrochemical-derived. Living or recently living things have a known level of the weakly radioactive carbon-14, whereas petrochemicals will not contain any as all of the carbon-14 have decayed. Therefore, by measuring the carbon-14 in a product it can be clearly proven that no petrochemical-derived material is present.
## Beta Analytic – Carbon-14 Testing Laboratory
Miami-based Beta Analytic is a natural product testing facility that provides fast and high-quality Carbon-14 testing according to the analytical standards ISO 16620-2 or ASTM D6866. Results can be accessed online 24/7. For inquiries on turnaround time or prices, please contact Beta Analytic at [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta Analytic") or call a [local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding office").
### References:
European Commission. 2015. Clarification of the absence of European harmonised
standard for natural and organic cosmetics. (Accessed September 2017).
European Commission. updated 2017. [Food supplements](https://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/labelling_nutrition/supplements_en "Food supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Food Safety Authority. Date unknown. [Food Supplements](https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/food-supplements "Food Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2008. EUR-Lex. [Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC (Text with EEA relevance)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008R1334 "European Parliament, Council of the European Union 2008"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2009. [Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009R1223&from=EN "European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2009"). (Accessed August 2017).
Fair, L. 2016. Federal Trade Commission. [Are your “all natural” claims all accurate](https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/blogs/business-blog/2016/04/are-your-all-natural-claims-all-accurate "Are your all natural claims all accurate")? (Accessed September 2017).
Food Standards Agency. 2008. Criteria for the use of the terms fresh, pure, natural etc in food labelling. (Accessed September 2017).
Holmes, L. 2016. Euromonitor International. The Intangible Appeal of “Natural”: Growing Consumer Interest in an Unregulated Product Label. (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2016. [“Natural” on Food Labeling](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling "Natural on Food Labeling"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2016. [Small Businesses & Homemade Cosmetics: Fact Sheet](https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/resources-industry-cosmetics/small-businesses-homemade-cosmetics-fact-sheet#1 "Small Businesses & Homemade Cosmetics Fact Sheet"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2017. [Dietary Supplements](https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements "Dietary Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2017. [Information for Consumers on Using Dietary Supplements](https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements/information-consumers-using-dietary-supplements "Information for Consumers on Using Dietary Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [炭素14を用いた偽和分析でガーリックオイルの品質管理を強化](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-garlic-oil/)
**Published:** February 15, 2018
**Author:** JP BLS
**Content:**
様々な料理に幅広く使用されるガーリックオイル。
**非常に需要が高いことから、利益や売上を上げるため偽和品が市場に出回っています。**
試験所として最高レベルの認証ISO17025認定のベータアナリティックでは、上記のような偽和品を暴くニーズやアロマオイルや製油の徹底した品質管理のニーズに応えるため、ケーススタディとしてガーリックオイルの偽和分析を行いました。ガーリックオイルは、市場で出回っているものを5種類選び、弊社内で分析を行いました。
選んだオイルのうち４種類は「天然」として売られている製品、残りの１種類ははっきりと「人工」ガーリックオイルとして販売されている製品です。
まず、業界でよく使用されるガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法（GC-MS)の結果では、５種類すべてのサンプルが天然ガーリックオイルの化学組成を有しているという結果でした。
そして、**C14（炭素14）分析の結果では、石油由来の偽和品を特定し、天然由来の製品を確認することができました。**
**C14分析法では、＃３のみが天然由来成分100％であるという結果に対し、ガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法では全てのガーリックオイルが「PASS」（合格）とされています。**
このように、メーカーの品質管理・品質保証部門が、偽和を検出するための試験方法はいくつかありますが、
**100％天然と謳っている製品における石油由来の合成物質の偽和を特定することができるのは、弊社の天然由来証明試験で使用されるC14分析法だけです。**
このケーススタディについては、「Nutraceuticals World」というウェブマガジンに掲載された記事 “Quality Assurance Testing: Is your Garlic Oil Natural?”（英語のみ）で詳細に紹介されていますので、ご興味をお持ちの方はご覧ください。
## C14分析試験機関 Beta Analytic
マイアミに本社を置くBeta Analytic（ベータアナリティック）は、国際標準規格ISO 16620-2またはASTM D6866に従って、高品質のC14測定試験を短期間で提供する天然由来証明試験機関です。
結果はラボにてサンプル受領後5-7営業日でご報告。
結果はオンラインで24時間いつでもアクセスできます。
天然由来証明試験は、アロマオイル、精油、香料、フレーバー、サプリメント等を対象に幅広く行われています。
## まとめ
- ガーリックオイル等の偽和品が市場に出回っている
- 偽和品の検出にはガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法（GC-MS)が使用されることが多いが、ケーススタディではC14分析法のみ偽和を検出できた。
- Beta Analyticで製品がC14による偽和分析法を用いた天然由来証明試験ができる
詳細、お見積りは、<US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>または日本の総代理店[株式会社地球科学研究所](https://www.geolab.co.jp/c14-dating/)までお問い合わせください。
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
---
### [ISO 16620-2 植物由来プラスチックなどのバイオベース度試験はBeta Analyticで](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-iso-16620/)
**Published:** March 15, 2018
**Author:** JP BLS
**Content:**
国際規格ISO 16620-2:2015は、2015年に弊社の規格リストに加わった比較的新しい試験です。
この規格に準じた試験では、バイオマスプラスチックの含有率、つまり**再生可能エネルギー源に由来するプラスチックの割合を正確に測定することが可能**です。
また適用対象は**プラスチック、ポリマー樹脂、添加剤**のみです。
では、この試験で何ができるのでしょうか？
**①第三者によるバイオベース度の値の正確な算出**
植物由来プラスチックなどのバイオマスプラスチック製品のR＆D段階においてバイオベースの炭素含有量の正確なデータをご提供することで、**バイオマス製品の開発のお手伝いをします！**
**②国際的にバイオベース度の値が正確であるという証明**
ISO規格の番号を製品に表示することで、**貴社製品の信頼度を高めます。**
**③各国の環境認定ラベルや規制に必要**
各国のラベルや規制の基準試験として、採用されています。
日本においては、JBPA（日本バイオプラスチック協会）によって定められた基準をクリアすれば、**「バイオマスプラ」識別表示制度のマーク**の製品表示が許可されます。
このマークを取得するには、**標準規格に沿ってバイオマス由来のプラスチックの割合を試験する必要があります。** そのために、産総研とJBPAが提案したISO規格が、このISO16620シリーズなのです。
ちなみにこの試験を行うことができるのは、**「認定試験機関」のみ。**Beta Analyticも、もちろん**認定を受けた試験機関**です。
その他にも、2017年1月1日以降、フランスの政令 2016-379では、バイオベース度30％以上のプラスチック製の袋を使用することが義務付けられ、このバイオベースを測定する試験は、国際規格[ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html)を遵守して行われなければなりません。
## Beta Analyticの高品質ISO 16620試験
米国マイアミに本社を置くBeta Analyticは、加速器質量分析計（AMS）を使用してISO 16620-2記載のバイオベース率決定試験を提供しています。
正確な測定結果を出す能力があることを証明する **ISO / IEC 17025：2017認定のラボ**で試験を行い、サンプル受領から**通常7営業日で結果をご報告**します。
また弊社は、世界中に代理店や支社を持ち、中国語、フランス語、ドイツ語、日本語、韓国語、ポルトガル語、スペイン語、イタリア語、トルコ語など幅広い言語で対応が可能。
試験結果は、**24時間365日オンラインでアクセス可能**。無制限の技術相談、品質保証レポートが付きます。
## まとめ
Beta Analyticでは・・・
- バイオベース度測定の国際規格ISO 16620-2:2015に準じた試験を提供
- 日本バイオプラスチック協会が定める認定試験機関
- 高品質な試験を提供する国際的な試験機関
是非、植物由来プラスチックなどのバイオマス製品のバイオベース度を測定の際には、ご相談ください！
詳細、お見積りは、<US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>または日本の総代理店[株式会社地球科学研究所](https://www.geolab.co.jp/c14-dating/)まで。
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
---
### [「ナチュラル」という言葉の意味を考える](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-natural-definition/)
**Published:** March 28, 2018
**Author:** JP BLS
**Content:**
「天然由来」「自然派」「ナチュラル」・・・
環境や人体に安全なイメージをつけてくれるこうした言葉。最近、よく見かけませんか？
化粧品や食品業界でも、こうした言葉をつけて販売している製品の数は増え続けています。
しかし、**何をもって「天然由来」「自然派」「ナチュラル」と言っているのでしょうか？**
実は、「ナチュラル」（天然・自然を含めて、以下「ナチュラル」と表現します）という言葉に対する明確な規制がないため、本当に「ナチュラル」とは言いがたい製品も「ナチュラル」と表示していることがあります。
ユーロモニター社の調査によると、多くの消費者は、何をもって「ナチュラル」なのかよくわかっていなくても、「ナチュラル」の表示を信頼してしまうという結果がでました。**つまり、本物の**ナチュラルプロダクツを扱う企業にとっては、**製品の信頼性を確保するため、表示を保証する基準を消費者に明瞭に伝えなければ、他の「ナチュラル」を装った製品との差別化ができない**ということになります。
同社の調べで、「ナチュラル」と表示してあること＝（イコール）**製品が化学物質・人工添加物が入っていない**と消費者は認識していることがわかりました。
きちんとした試験方法で、この認識を裏付ける証拠を製品に付けることで、**消費者の製品に対する「安全・安心」のイメージを高め、ブランド力をUPすることが可能**です。
## 食品・化粧品業界の「ナチュラル」の話
多くの場合、
・製品そのものが天然かどうか
・製品が加工されているかどうか
の２つが「ナチュラル」表示の根拠となるのが一般的です。
しかし、実は「ナチュラル」の定義は、国によって異なります。
今回は、米国やEUで「ナチュラル」と表示する場合についての定義について紹介します。
## 食品・フレーバー
**米国の場合・・・**
米国食品医薬品局（FDA）は、「Natural」という用語自体を定義していませんが、食品表示に使用する場合の方針は定められていて、**食品に「人工合成物質」が加えられていると、「ナチュラル」とラベル付けできません。**
また、天然でも人工でも、着色料を入れてしまったら「ナチュラル」とはなりません。
**EUの場合・・・**
特定の製品に「ナチュラル」の表示を使用する際の具体的な規制があります。
例えば、フレーバーに「ナチュラル」と表示する場合、**野菜、動物または微生物が原料で、すりつぶす、きざむなど物理的な加工、発酵などの酵素を使った加工、微生物を使って加工して得られるものに限られます。**
## サプリメント
米国もEUも、サプリメントにおける「ナチュラル」という言葉についての規制や定義はありません。
FDAは、栄養補助食品を**食品のサブセットとして扱い**、1994年の栄養補助食品健康および教育法（DSHEA）に基づき、従来の食品とは別に規制されています。栄養補助食品の場合、市場に出す前に安全性や有効性についてFDAの承認を受ける必要はありません。
EUは、栄養補助食品を**食物として扱っており、**追加の対象となる指令2002/46 / ECは、食品補助食品中のビタミンやミネラルの許容範囲を概説しています。しかし、実際の規制は加盟国によって異なるため、**結果的にEU全体で大きく変わります。**
##
化粧品
**米国の場合・・・**
化粧品は連邦食品医薬品化粧品法の下でFDAによって規制されています。**現在のところ、化粧品の「自然」に関する規定はありません**が、明らかに誤った表示をしてはいけないことになっています。
連邦取引委員会では、**根拠のない「100％ナチュラル」または「オールナチュラル」の主張をしている企業を罰する提案**がなされました。
**EUの場合・・・**
パーソナルケア産業、化粧品産業で「ナチュラル」の定義を統一していません。米国と同様に、表示が本物であり、本質的に誤解を招くものではないという一般的な要件のみが存在します。
こうした主張に関する規制ガイダンスがないため、業界ではそれぞれ独自の方法で「ナチュラル」を確認する第三者認証が登場しました。
## C14測定を応用した天然由来証明試験
上記のように、「ナチュラル」の定義が統一されていないため、企業が自社で「ナチュラル」が何を意味するのかを明確にし、それを検証することが重要になってきました。
「ナチュラル」を定義する際の現在最も一般的な方法の一つに**天然由来証明試験**があります。C14（放射性炭素）天然由来証明試験は、製品が植物由来か石油化学由来であるかを検証する方法です。生物（最近まで生きていた生物も含む）は弱い放射性炭素を放出していますが、石油化学物質は放射性炭素をすべて放出し切っており、物質中に含んでいません。ですので、の放射性炭素を測定することにより、石油化学由来の物質が存在しないことが証明されるのです。
## Beta Analyticで天然由来証明試験が行えます
マイアミに本社を置くBeta Analyticは、国際標準規格ISO 16620-2またはASTM D6866に従って、高品質のC14測定試験を短期間で提供する天然由来証明試験期間です。結果はサンプル受領後4-7営業日でご報告。結果はオンラインで24時間いつでもアクセスできます。
## まとめ
・各国で「ナチュラル」の定義は違う
・製品が本当に「ナチュラル」だと主張する根拠を示すことが、今後製品の差別化につながる
・Beta Analyticで製品が天然由来であると証明する試験ができる
お問い合わせは、<US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>または日本の総代理店[株式会社地球科学研究所](https://www.geolab.co.jp/c14-dating/)までお問い合わせください。
＜参考＞
European Commission. 2015. Clarification of the absence of European harmonised
standard for natural and organic cosmetics. (Accessed September 2017).
European Commission. updated 2017. [Food supplements](https://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/labelling_nutrition/supplements_en "Food supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Food Safety Authority. Date unknown. [Food Supplements](https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/food-supplements "Food Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2008. EUR-Lex. [Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC (Text with EEA relevance)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008R1334 "European Parliament, Council of the European Union 2008"). (Accessed September 2017).
European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2009. [Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009R1223&from=EN "European Parliament, Council of the European Union. 2009"). (Accessed August 2017).
Fair, L. 2016. Federal Trade Commission. [Are your “all natural” claims all accurate](https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/blogs/business-blog/2016/04/are-your-all-natural-claims-all-accurate "Are your all natural claims all accurate")? (Accessed September 2017).
Food Standards Agency. 2008. Criteria for the use of the terms fresh, pure, natural etc in food labelling. (Accessed September 2017).
Holmes, L. 2016. Euromonitor International. The Intangible Appeal of “Natural”: Growing Consumer Interest in an Unregulated Product Label. (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2016. [“Natural” on Food Labeling](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling "Natural on Food Labeling"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2016. [Small Businesses & Homemade Cosmetics: Fact Sheet](https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/resources-industry-cosmetics/small-businesses-homemade-cosmetics-fact-sheet#1 "Small Businesses & Homemade Cosmetics Fact Sheet"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2017. [Dietary Supplements](https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements "Dietary Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated 2017. [Information for Consumers on Using Dietary Supplements](https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements/information-consumers-using-dietary-supplements "Information for Consumers on Using Dietary Supplements"). (Accessed September 2017).
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
---
### [Eyewear & More Baby Products in the USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-certified-biobased-products-baby-kids-eyewear/)
**Published:** September 22, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The USDA BioPreferred® Program increased the number of potential participants by adding 23 more product categories that qualify for a USDA Certified Biobased Product label. These product categories are not designated for federal purchasing preference at this time.
**Content:**
As the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) celebrates its 20th anniversary this month, the Program increased the number of potential participants by adding 23 more product categories that qualify for a USDA Certified Biobased Product label. These product categories are not designated for federal purchasing preference at this time.
The BioPreferred Program was created by the 2002 Farm Bill and reauthorized and expanded as part of the [Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ334/pdf/PLAW-115publ334.pdf) To date, the Program has identified 139 categories of biobased products for which federal agencies and their contractors have purchasing requirements. There are more categories in the list but they are only eligible for the USDA Certified Biobased Product label. For a complete list of product categories for both voluntary labeling initiative and mandatory federal purchasing, visit the [BioPreferred Program website.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
## Baby and Kids Products
The BioPreferred Program already had a general category for baby and kids products with a **minimum biobased content** requirement of 25%. Examples include toys, cleaners, clothing, bedding, baby wipes, diapers and child-safe sunscreen.
The Program recently expanded this category in response to the diversification of product options in this industry. The minimum biobased content requirements of these baby and kids products are now:
**Baby Wipes – 80%
Bath Products – 57%
Diapers – 25%
Dishwashing Products – 64%
Durable Tableware and Cutlery – 92%
Laundry Products – 46%
Lotions, Moisturizers, and Oils – 84%
Oral Care Products – 93%
Sun Care Products – 57%
Surface and Toy Cleaners – 59%**
## Eyewear, Footwear and more
The BioPreferred Program also acknowledged products from emerging markets. To qualify for USDA Certified Biobased Product labeling, these products must have these **biobased content levels** at the minimum:
**1. Cosmetic Tools and Applicators – 68%**
Examples: Sponges, brushes, and other tools that are used to apply face products
**2. Desk Accessories and Workspace Organizers – 75%**
Examples: Pencil holders, paper clip dispensers, and desk organizers
Excluded from this category: Products that fit into other established categories such as paper products, trash bags, chair mats, etc.
**3. Eyewear – 25%**
Examples: Frames and lenses (either separately or together), contact lenses
**4. Footwear – 25%**
**5. Oral Care Products**
**– Toothpaste and Mouthwash – 84%**
**– Oral Care Tools – 33%**
Examples: Toothbrushes and toothbrush components, floss, floss picks, and tongue scrapers
**6. Personal Accessories – 74%**
Examples: Purses, bags, briefcases, wallets, and keychains.
Excluded from this category: clothing, eyewear, personal protective equipment and shoes
**7. Personal Protective Equipment – Gloves – 25%**
Examples: Disposable gloves used in applications such as cleaning, food preparation, and medical examinations or procedures
**8. Stone and Granite Cleaners – 60%**
Excluded from this category: Multipurpose Cleaners, General Purpose Household Cleaners and Industrial Cleaners
**9. Trash Cans & Waste Receptacles – 87%**
Examples: Trash cans, compost bins, and recycling bins.
Excluded from this category: Trash bags and bin liners
**10. Wipes**
**Wipes – Disinfecting – 25%**
Products in this category must meet EPA’s definition of a disinfectant — Products that are designed to destroy, inactivate, reduce, mitigate, or eliminate microorganisms including bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, fungal spores, and viruses in the inanimate environment.
**Wipes – Multipurpose – 57%**
Products in this category are used in both industrial and domestic settings.
Exclusions: Dry wipes such as paper towels, napkins and toilet paper
**Wipes – Skin – 95%**
Examples: Products intended to be used to clean hands. These products are not intended for the face.
Excluded: Baby wipes and dry wipes
### Free Webinar
ISO 17025-accredited laboratory Beta Analytic has participated in a USDA webinar earlier this year.
If you have a publication, podcast or blog looking for content on biobased products testing and [ecolabels ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)or you want to co-host a webinar with us, please contact our marketing coordinator Ms. Jordan Turner at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
---
*Beta Analytic is committed to provide high-quality, reliable testingto fulfill the requirements of the USDA BioPreferred Program. The company is not affiliated with the USDA or the BioPreferred Program.*
[Join our mailing list to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
*Photo Credits:*
Diaper Photo by Rodnae Productions on Pexels
Eyewear Photo by Apostolos Vamvouras on Unsplash
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
---
### [The U.S. Plastics Pact](https://www.betalabservices.com/the-us-plastics-pact/)
**Published:** September 4, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The U.S. launched a Plastics Pact in 2020, being the first plastics pact in North America with Canada to follow in 2021. The U.S. Plastics Pact is part of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation’s New Plastics Economy Initiative Plastic Pact Network.
**Content:**
The U.S. launched a Plastics Pact in 2020, being the first plastics pact in North America with Canada to follow in 2021. The U.S. Plastics Pact is part of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation’s New Plastics Economy Initiative Plastic Pact Network and is led by the Recycling Partnership and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The primary purpose of the Pact is to have stakeholders rethink the value chain and the way we design, use, and reuse plastic products to reduce plastic waste in our environment and generate a circular economy.
For the businesses, non-profit organizations, government agencies, and research institutions that are pact members, there are four key goals to attain. There is one goal that sets the U.S. Plastics Pact apart from other nation’s:
- Ensure the average proportion of recycled content or responsibly-sourced **[biobased content ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)in plastic packaging reaches 30%** by 2025.
In order to verify biobased content, [testing using the ASTM D6866 method](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) is an accepted standard utilized for all biobased content claims in plastic packaging.
## **Measuring Biobased Carbon Content**
As biobased products evolve, third-party laboratory testing using **ASTM D6866** measurements allow manufacturers to validate biobased carbon content. ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic offers biobased testing with results available in 7 business days or less. [Contact Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for more information.
**References:**
- Ellen MacArthur Foundation – [The U.S. Plastics Pact](https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/us-plastics-pact)
- U.S. Plastics Pact Roadmap to 2025
---
Miami-based Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the U.S. Plastics Pact or the Ellen MacArthur Foundation.
---
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Tartaric Acid - Natural or Petrochemical?](https://www.betalabservices.com/tartaric-acid/)
**Published:** July 6, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Tartaric acid is an organic acid that has wide applications, including as an acidulant in the food and drinks industry and in pharmaceuticals. It has particular importance in the winemaking process. It exists in several forms with L(+)-tartaric acid being the form that is used commercially.
Naturally present in grapes and certain other fruits, tartaric acid can be obtained from waste products of the winemaking industry. Additionally it can also be produced synthetically using maleic anhydride, which is made from petrochemicals. Synthetic tartaric acid is cheaper than the natural and is increasingly being used in various applications. According to financial services company IHS Markit, synthetic tartaric acid had about 50% market share in 2016 compared with only 30% in 2006. As consumers are placing increasing value on plant-derived products, therefore being able to back up “natural” claims is crucial.
There are cases when verifying the tartaric acid used is not a petrochemical synthetic has an even greater significance.
The European Union regulates the source of tartaric acid used in winemaking, stating that any L(+)-tartaric acid used must be extracted from wine products and be of agricultural origin (Commission Regulation (EC) No 606/2009, Appendix 2).
Under the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) Committee on Organic Agriculture’s CAN/CGSB-32.311, Organic Production Systems – Permitted Substances Lists, synthetic tartaric acid can be used as a food additive in beverages if the non-synthetic (natural) form is not commercially available. However, if used in processing aids for beverages, tartaric acid should only be from non-synthetic sources. Processing aids is defined under [CAN/CGSB-32.310-2015](http://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.854643/publication.html "CAN/CGSB-32.310-2015") as substances added to food during processing, for a technological effect, but are not present in the finished product or at insignificant and non-functional levels.
In the U.S., the Department of Agriculture (USDA) removed synthetic tartaric acid from the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances for use in organic crop production. Since November 2013, only tartaric acid made from grape wine can be used as ingredient in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic”.
## Carbon-14 Natural Product Testing
[Carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fragrances.html "Carbon-14 testing") is able to distinguish between plant-based natural products and petrochemical-sourced products. Naturally sourced products will have a known amount of Carbon-14, whereas products made from petrochemicals do not contain Carbon-14.
In the context of tartaric acid, Carbon-14 [natural product testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) shows what percentage of the product tested is naturally sourced. This makes it an ideal method for determining whether the tartaric acid being used was produced from petrochemicals or natural sources, and is especially applicable to the EU winemaking industry. Carbon-14 analysis is not able to distinguish between different natural sources of tartaric acid.
### Beta Analytic – A Natural Products Laboratory
Beta Analytic is an ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accredited radiocarbon analysis laboratory that reports results for natural product testing according to two international standards – ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) or total carbon (TC). Results are provided in 7 business days or less by the Miami-based lab. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For inquiries, contact Beta Analytic or call a local [forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "Contact Beta Analytic").
**References:**
Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) Permitted Substances List [CAN/CGSB-32.311-2006](http://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/365337/publication.html). (accessed August 2017)
Commission Regulation (EC) No 606/2009 laying down certain detailed rules for implementing Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2008 as regards the categories of grapevine products, oenological practices and the applicable restrictions. 2009. OJ L 193/1–59.
ICF International. 2011. [*Tartaric Acid: Technical Evaluation Report*.](https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/Tartaric%20acid%20report%202011.pdf) (accessed June 2017).
IHS Markit. 2017. *Chemical Economics Handbook: Tartaric Acid*. Available at [https://ihsmarkit.com/products/tartaric-acid-chemical-economics-handbook.html](https://ihsmarkit.com/products/tartaric-acid-chemical-economics-handbook.html "IHS Markit. 2017. Chemical Economics Handbook: Tartaric Acid") (accessed June 2017).
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Final Rule pertaining to the 2013 Sunset Review of substances on the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances. Available at https://www.regulations.gov/document/AMS-NOP-11-0003-3193 (accessed August 2017)
*Last Updated: August 31, 2017*
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Natural Product Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [3 Types of Adulteration in Dietary Supplements and How to Detect Them](https://www.betalabservices.com/dietary-supplements-adulteration/)
**Published:** December 21, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Economically motivated adulteration is a serious problem for many products, including dietary supplements. The association with being natural and having a positive impact on health has led to the increasing popularity of dietary supplements. The responsibility of the safety of these supplements lie primarily with the manufacturer. Both in the United States and European Union, they do not have to be submitted for testing prior to being put on the market. The result is a market that is vulnerable to adulteration. The difficulty with detecting adulteration is that it requires an individualized approach. Depending on the product and each potential adulterant, a different analytical technique may be required. This article will outline different adulteration methods of dietary supplements and how they can be detected.
## Substitution
Many natural products face the challenge that the authentic source material may be expensive and difficult to produce. A prime example is turmeric or [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html), the commonly used major active curcuminoid in turmeric. Studies have shown that curcumin is anti-inflammatory and may assist in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. These associated health benefits have resulted in curcumin and turmeric becoming increasingly popular.
Petrochemical-derived synthetic curcumin can be produced at a significantly lower cost than the natural plant-based source. It is difficult to identify the synthetic versus the natural version because, for single compounds like curcumin, they are chemically identical and thus cannot be revealed using common analytical methods.
[Carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fraud-detection.html) can be used to differentiate between plant or animal-based materials and petroleum-derived ingredients. Carbon-14 is a weakly radioactive isotope of carbon and decays at a known rate. Living organisms constantly exchange carbon as part of the carbon cycle, meaning they have a constant and known level of carbon-14. Once dead, however, this will decrease. As petroleum and its derived materials are sufficiently old that they do not contain any carbon-14, measuring the carbon-14 content can clearly and accurately differentiate between natural and synthetic curcumin.
## Addition
There can be several reasons why an adulterant is added to a supplement, whether to increase the weight, tamper with the strength or quality, or to falsely make the product appear better. Examples are the synthetic dyes lead chromate and metanil yellow that are sometimes added to turmeric to make it appear as if it has a higher curcumin content.
There is also the potentially dangerous addition of synthetic pharmaceutical drugs as in the case of some weight-loss supplements. This large and lucrative market has resulted to adulteration using drugs that will give results faster and mask any ineffectiveness or slower working of the original product, but without any disclosure that they pose serious health risks. Detection of this type of adulteration has been done using different analytical techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
## Omission of Valuable Ingredient
For products that are expensive to source, there is a financial temptation to simply omit it. While addition can dilute a valuable ingredient and make it last longer in production, omission is the next step. Testing of a variety of herbal products revealed that some did not contain any of the substance it was supposed to. This type of adulteration can be determined through DNA testing.
### Conclusion
The adulteration of dietary supplements is a significant concern for both quality and safety purposes. There are many possible ways of adulteration and no single analytical technique that can 100% verify a supplement as authentic and free of any adulterants. To ensure consistent and high-quality products and increase consumer confidence, manufacturers need to employ a robust quality control program.
**References:**
Bejar, E. 2018. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts. *Botanical Adulterants Bulletin.*
Garner-Wizard, M. 2013. Re: Common Characteristics of Food Adulterations. *HerbClip.*
Newmaster, S. G., Grguric, M., Shanmughanandhan, D. Ramalingam, S. and Ragupathy, S. 2013. DNA barcoding detects contamination and substitution in North American herbal products. *BMC Medicine.* **11.**
Rocha, T., Amaral, J. S. and Oliveira, M. B. P. P. 2016. Adulteration of Dietary Supplements by the Illegal Addition of Synthetic Drugs: A Review. *Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety.* **15(1).** pp 43-62.
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Analyse biosourcée de chaussures Reebok](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-chaussures-biosourcees/)
**Published:** April 9, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Excerpt:** Dans un article co-écrit par Haley Gershon, responsable marketing de Beta Analytic, et Mike Andrews, directeur du développement avancé pour Reebok Future, la marque de vêtements de sport Reebok International Limited partage son expérience de l'utilisation de l'analyse du contenu biosourcé comme outil permettant de valider avec succès les matières premières végétales et de faire la promotion des matériaux d'origine végétale afin d'augmenter l'attrait du produit.
**Content:**
Les fabricants de chaussures répondent à la demande des consommateurs en faveur d’articles de mode à base de matières premières végétales en utilisant des matériaux dérivés de la biomasse dans leurs produits et en soumettant ces produits à des tests et à une certification biosourcés. Dans un article co-écrit par Haley Gershon, responsable marketing de Beta Analytic, et Mike Andrews, directeur du développement avancé pour Reebok Future, la marque de vêtements de sport Reebok International Limited partage son expérience de l’utilisation de **l’analyse du contenu biosourcé** comme outil permettant de valider avec succès les matières premières végétales et de faire la promotion des matériaux d’origine végétale afin d’augmenter l’attrait du produit.
Crédit photo : Reebok
## **Analyses biosourcées et certification par un tiers**
La mesure de la teneur biosourcée des matières premières peut être effectuée grâce aux [analyses ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html), qui est une norme internationale qui utilise l’analyse du carbone 14** pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée de tout produit solide, liquide ou gazeux.
En plus de soumettre les échantillons à des analyses biosourcées, des fabricants comme Reebok vont encore plus loin en certifiant les produits afin qu’ils reçoivent des certifications biosourcées ou des écolabels. La participation à des programmes de certification biosourcés permet aux candidats qualifiés d’afficher visiblement qu’un produit est dérivé en tout ou en partie de sources de biomasse. Par exemple, le [programme BioPreferred du Département de l’agriculture des États-Unis (USDA BioPreferred® Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html) comprend une initiative d’étiquetage volontaire qui vise à aider les consommateurs à identifier les produits biosourcés sur le marché.
En 2014, Reebok a lancé une initiative visant à développer une gamme de chaussures durables. « Je voulais développer une chaussure qui, lorsque quelqu’un entrerait dans un magasin, aurait le même aspect que n’importe quelle autre chaussure et aurait les mêmes capacités de performance, l’esthétique et le coût que n’importe quelle autre chaussure sur le marché. La seule différence serait que la chaussure serait majoritairement biosourcée », déclare M. Andrews.
Une fois les matériaux sélectionnés et le développement des chaussures terminé, Reebok s’est inscrit au **programme USDA BioPreferred** (USDA BioPreferred Program), en faisant appel au laboratoire Beta Analytic pour valider son coton et maïs comme étant 75% biosourcés. Reebok a été la première grande marque de chaussures à rejoindre le programme BioPreferred.
Pour plus d’informations, veuillez consulter l’article [Certified biobased footwear](https://www.bioplasticsmagazine.de/202004/flipbook_04-2020.html) publié dans le magazine Bioplastics numéro 4/2020 pp. 40-41.
---
Extrait de la présentation de Beta Analytic lors du webinaire
“Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category” (“Gérer une croissance responsable tout en protégeant l’intégrité de la catégorie curcumine”)
---
*Beta Analytic n’est pas affilié à l’ASTM ou au programme BioPreferred de l’USDA. Le laboratoire accrédité ISO 17025 répond aux demandes de renseignements sur les analyses du contenu biosourcé ASTM D6866. Veuillez utiliser [ce formulaire de contact](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) pour obtenir nos tarifs et délais.
La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le 16 septembre 2020*
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Conseils importants pour les fabricants de chaussures qui nécessitent des analyses du contenu biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/conseils-analyses-contenu-biosource-chaussures/)
**Published:** June 8, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Excerpt:** Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO 17025, réalise des analyses du contenu biosourcé depuis 2004. En tant que laboratoire, nous avons aidé Reebok et d’autres marques à vérifier leurs matériaux d’origine végétale. L’utilisation des résultats, le type d’échantillon et les délais sont trois facteurs à prendre en compte avant l’analyse.
**Content:**
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO 17025, réalise des analyses du contenu biosourcé depuis 2004. En tant que laboratoire, nous avons aidé [Reebok](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-chaussures-biosourcees/) et d’autres marques à vérifier leurs matériaux d’origine végétale. L’utilisation des résultats, le type d’échantillon et les délais sont trois facteurs à prendre en compte avant l’analyse.
Crédit photo : Reebok
## **Indiquez au laboratoire comment vous comptez utiliser les résultats**
Vous pouvez utiliser les analyses du contenu biosourcés à différentes étapes de la production. Vérifiez-vous les allégations biosourcées de vos fournisseurs pour le contrôle et l’assurance qualité ? Avez-vous besoin de l’analyse à des fins de recherche et développement ? Ou utilisez-vous les résultats dans le cadre d’une demande [de programme d’éco-étiquetage](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)?
L’envoi d’un seul échantillon est suffisant dans le cadre d’analyses réalisées à des fins internes (R&D, QC/QA). Cliquez [ici](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/envoi-astm-d6866-05.html) pour connaître nos conseils.
Si vous envisagez de demander un **écolabel**, veuillez contacter le programme au préalable. Chaque programme peut vous demander d’envoyer un nombre spécifique d’échantillons. Qui plus est, ils ont également des directives précises relatives à l’endroit et au moment où l’analyse doit être réalisée. Par exemple, l’USDA exige d’abord l’acceptation au [programme BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html)® avant l’analyse. L’USDA n’accepte aucun résultat d’analyse biosourcée obtenu à l’avance, même si vous avez un numéro de demande. L’agence n’accepte que les résultats de ses laboratoires agréés.
Différents programmes ont des normes analytiques spécifiques. Les écolabels en Europe doivent utiliser des normes créées par le Comité européen de normalisation. Les programmes hors Europe utilisent souvent les normes ASTM ou ISO.
Le [programme USDA BioPreferred](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/) demande l’analyse [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html) pour les candidats du marché de la chaussure. Le [programme Eco Mark](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html) du Japon accepte les analyses ASTM D6866 et [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html) pour les chaussures. [La certification OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ok-biobased.html) de TÜV AUSTRIA utilise la norme [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html).
## **Décidez quels matériaux tester**
Envoyez-vous des composants de chaussures ou une chaussure entière pour analyse ?
L’avantage de **l’analyse du contenu biosourcé** est qu’elle s’applique aux solides, aux liquides et même aux gaz. Cela signifie que nous pouvons analyser la mousse, les semelles, le textile, le caoutchouc, les adhésifs et même l’emballage du produit. Veuillez contacter le laboratoire avant d’envoyer une chaussure entière. Nous aurons besoin d’instructions pour les composants multicolores.
Lorsque vous envoyez des échantillons pour certification, veuillez d’abord consulter le programme d’éco-étiquetage. Ils peuvent avoir des directives d’échantillonnage spécifiques aux matières premières et aux produits finis.
## **Choisissez un laboratoire qui vous aide à respecter votre planning**
Chez Beta Analytic, nous pouvons vous aider à respecter vos délais. Nous avons plusieurs machines et un personnel hautement qualifié disponible tout au long de l’année. Dès réception de vos échantillons à Miami, en Floride, nous vous indiquerons une date à laquelle les résultats seront disponibles.
Vous pouvez choisir entre ces deux services :
- Standard (résultats communiqués sous 7 jours ouvrés ou moins)
- Prioritaire (résultats communiqués sous 4 jours ouvrés ou moins)
Notre service prioritaire n’est pas disponible pour les échantillons complexes.
Où que vous soyez, vous pouvez accéder à vos résultats à tout moment. Le portail Beta Analytic est disponible 24h/24 et 7j/7.
Nos responsables techniques sont également ouverts aux discussions avant, pendant et après les analyses. Nous ne facturons pas de frais de consultation.
### **Vous êtes prêt à envoyer vos échantillons pour analyse ?**
[**OBTENIR UN DEVIS**](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
[Abonnez-vous à notre newsletter pour être informé des webinaires à venir et autres actualités de l’industrie biosourcée](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/newsletter-souscription.html).
Cette entrée a été publiée le mercredi 8 juin 2022 et est classée dans [Produits biosourcés](https://www.betalabservices.com/conseils-analyses-contenu-biosource-chaussures/).
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program to add 30 Product Categories](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-label/)
**Published:** October 23, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is proposing to add 30 new product categories to the **USDA** **BioPreferred® Program** and amend these four existing categories – general purpose de-icers, firearm lubricants, laundry products and water-clarifying agents.
The proposed product categories are:
| Proposed Product Categories | \* Minimum Biobased Content Requirement as measured by [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) testing |
|---|---|
| Adhesives | 24% |
| Animal habitat care products (ex. products that control, mask, or suppress pet odors) | 22% |
| Cleaning tools (ex. brushes, scrapers, abrasive pads and gloves) | 22% |
| Concrete curing agents | 59% |
| Concrete repair materials—concrete leveling | 23% |
| Concrete repair materials—concrete patching | 69% |
| Durable cutlery | 28% |
| Durable tableware | 28% |
| Epoxy systems | 23% |
| Exterior paints and coatings | 83% |
| Facial care products | 88% |
| Feminine care products | 65% |
| Fire logs and fire starters | 92% |
| Folders and filing products | 66% |
| Foliar sprays | 50% |
| Gardening supplies and accessories | 43% |
| Heating fuels and wick lamps | 75% |
| Kitchenware and accessories | 22% |
| Other Lubricants (products that do not fit into any of the BioPreferred Program’s specific lubricant categories) | 39% |
| Phase change materials (products that are capable of absorbing and releasing large amounts of thermal energy by freezing and thawing at certain temperatures) | 71% |
| Playground and athletic surface materials | 22% |
| Powder coatings | 34% |
| Product packaging items | 25% |
| Rugs and floor mats | 23% |
| Shopping and trash bags | 22% |
| Soil amendments | 72% |
| Surface guards, molding, and trim products | 26% |
| Toys and sporting gear | 32% |
| Traffic and zone marking paints | 30% |
| Transmission fluids | 60% |
| Wall coverings | 62% |
## Proposed Amendments to Previously Designated Product Categories
To more closely align these products with data gathered since these 4 categories were originally designated, the USDA proposes to revise:
1. General purpose de-icers category to include both general purpose and specialized de-icers
2. Firearm lubricants category to include additional firearm care products, such as cleaners and protectants
3. Laundry products to add one new subcategory called “Laundry products—dryer sheets,” which includes laundry detergents, bleach, stain removers and fabric softeners
4. Water-clarifying agents category to include water treatment chemicals. The proposed name to the product category is “Water or wastewater treatment chemicals”.
The USDA BioPreferred Program will accept public comments on these proposed amendments and new product categories until November 13, 2018.
**Reference:**
Office of Procurement and Property Management, USDA. Proposed Rule Designation of Product Categories for Federal Procurement 83 FR 46780 (September 2018)
---
#### **Ready to send samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing. The lab reports results in 7 business days or less. A faster service is also available. For price inquiries, please* [*contact the lab.*](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program
---
### [USDA adds 30 Product Categories to BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-program/)
**Published:** July 17, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is adding 30 new product categories to the BioPreferred® Program for the preferred procurement of biobased products by federal agencies.
**Content:**
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is adding 30 new product categories to the BioPreferred® Program for the preferred procurement of biobased products by federal agencies. The USDA is also amending four existing product categories – general purpose de-icers, firearm lubricants, laundry products and water-clarifying agents.
Products that are certified to display the **USDA Certified Biobased Product** label are required to undergo [ASTM D6866 biobased content testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) by an independent, third-party testing lab.
---
#### **Ready to send samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## New USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories
| **New Product Categories** | **Examples** | **Exclusions** | **Minimum Biobased Content** |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesives | Glues and sticky tapes used in construction, household, flooring, and industrial settings | Epoxy systems | 24% |
| Animal habitat care products | Cleaning supplies, sanitizers, feeders, and products that control, mask, or suppress pet odors | Animal bedding or litter products and animal cleaning products | 22% |
| Cleaning tools | Tools such as brushes, scrapers, abrasive pads, and gloves | Expendable materials used in cleaning, such as glass cleaners, single-use wipes, and all-purpose cleaners | 22% |
| Concrete curing agents | | | 59% |
| Concrete repair materials—concrete leveling | | | 23% |
| Concrete repair materials—concrete patching | | | 69% |
| Durable cutlery | Dining utensils that are designed to be used multiple times | | 28% |
| Durable tableware | Multiple-use drinkware and dishware including cups, plates, bowls, and serving platters | | 28% |
| Epoxy systems | | | 23% |
| Exterior paints and coatings | Paint and primers | Wood and concrete sealers and stains and specialty coatings such as roof coatings, wastewater system coatings, and water tank coatings | 83% |
| Facial care products | Cleansers, moisturizers, and facial treatments | Tools and applicators | 88% |
| Feminine care products | Sanitary napkins, panty liners, and tampons | | 65% |
| Fire logs and fire starters | Fire logs and lighter fluid | Heating fuels for chafing dishes, beverage urns, warming boxes, and wick lamps | 92% |
| Folders and filing products | Binders, folders, and document covers | | 56% |
| Foliar sprays | Liquid fertilizers, foliar feeds, and micronutrient solutions | | 50% |
| Gardening supplies and accessories | Seedling starter trays, nonwoven mats or substrates for hydroponics, and flower or plant pots | Compost activators and accelerators; erosion control materials; fertilizers, including soil inoculants; foliar sprays; mulch and compost materials; and soil amendments. | 43% |
| Heating fuels and wick lamps | | Fire logs and fire starters and candles and wax melts | 75% |
| Kitchenware and accessories | cookware and bakeware, such as baking cups, parchment paper; cooking utensils, such as brushes, tongs; and food preparation items, such as cutting boards, mixing bowls, coffee filters, food preparation gloves, and sandwich and snack bags | kitchen appliances, such as toasters, blenders, and coffee makers; disposable tableware; disposable cutlery; disposable containers; durable tableware; durable cutlery; and cleaning tools | 22% |
| Other Lubricants (products that do not fit into any of the BioPreferred Program’s specific lubricant categories) | Lubricants used for sporting or exercise gear and equipment, musical instruments, and specialized equipment such as tree shakers | Lubricants that are covered by the specific lubricant categories such as chain and cable lubricants, firearm lubricants, forming lubricants, gear lubricants, multi-purpose lubricants, penetrating lubricants, pneumatic equipment lubricants, and slide way lubricants | 39% |
| Phase change materials (products that are capable of absorbing and releasing large amounts of thermal energy by freezing and thawing at certain temperatures) | Materials such as animal fats and plant oils that melt at desirable temperatures are typically used to make products in this category. | | 71% |
| Playground and athletic surface materials | Top coatings, primers, line marking paints, and rubberized pellets that are used on athletic courts, tracks, natural or artificial turf, and other playing surfaces | Artificial turf or surface itself, as that is included in the carpets product category | 22% |
| Powder coatings | Powder coatings are typically used for coating metals, such as vehicle and bicycle parts, household appliances, and aluminum extrusions. | | 34% |
| Product packaging items | | Packing and insulating materials and shopping and trash bags | 25% |
| Rugs and floor mats | Area rugs, rug runners, chair mats, and bathroom and kitchen mats | Products composed of woven, tufted, or knitted fiber and a backing system because these products fall under the “Carpets” product category. | 23% |
| Shopping and trash bags | Can liners, shopping or grocery bags, pet waste bags, compost bags, and yard waste bags | Product packaging, disposable containers, or semi-durable and non-durable films | 22% |
| Soil amendments | | Foliar sprays and chemical fertilizers | 72% |
| Surface guards, molding, and trim products | | | 26% |
| Toys and sporting gear | | Products such as cleaners, lubricants, and oils that are used to maintain or clean toys and sporting gear | 32% |
| Traffic and zone marking paints | | | 30% |
| Transmission fluids | | | 60% |
| Wall coverings | Wallpaper, vinyl wall coverings, and wall fabrics | All types of paints or coatings | 62% |
*Minimum biobased content requirement is measured by ASTM D6866 testing.*
---
## Amendments to Previously Designated Categories
#### – Laundry Products New Subcategory – Dryer Sheets
The USDA BioPreferred Program is also adding a new subcategory for Laundry Products called dryer sheets defined as small sheets that are added to laundry in clothes dryers to eliminate static cling, soften fabrics, or otherwise improve the characteristics of the fabric.
The minimum **biobased content** requirement is 90% according to ASTM D6866 testing.
#### – De-icers, Firearm Lubricants and Water-clarifying Agents
General purpose de-icers, firearm lubricants and water-clarifying agents have been renamed and their descriptions amended to include more products. The minimum biobased content requirements for firearm lubricants and water and wastewater treatment chemicals have also been updated.
As previously reported, the USDA BioPreferred Program proposed to amend its guidelines in September 2018. The Program accepted public comments until November 13, 2018.
The final rule designating the new product categories is effective August 5, 2019.
Procuring agencies will be giving procurement preference for qualifying biobased products under these newly designated categories no later than July 6, 2020.
**Reference:**
Office of Procurement and Property Management, USDA. Designation of Product Categories for Federal Procurement [84 FR 32015](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/07/05/2019-14038/designation-of-product-categories-for-federal-procurement) (July 2019)
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
---
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on **ASTM D6866** biobased content testing. For pricing and turnaround time inquiries, please [contact the lab.](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
---
### [The EU Taxonomy Regulation for Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/eu-taxonomy-regulation-for-biobased-products/)
**Published:** September 4, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The EU Taxonomy Regulation Act (2020/852) for sustainable economic activities was created in July 2020 to have a common language and clear definition of ‘sustainable’ when classifying investments. Sustainable investments in projects and activities in the EU is vital in order to meet the objectives in the EU Green Deal.
**Content:**
The EU Taxonomy Regulation Act (2020/852) for sustainable economic activities was created in July 2020 to have a common language and clear definition of “sustainable” when classifying investments. Sustainable investments in projects and activities in the EU is vital in order to meet the objectives in the EU Green Deal. In June 2023, the draft taxonomy regulation was approved in principle by the European Commission, while formal adoption in all the official languages of the EU will take place later on.
The EU Commission’s taxonomy aims to:
- create security for investors;
- protect private investors from greenwashing;
- help companies to become more climate-friendly;
- mitigate market fragmentation; and
- help shift investments where they are most needed.
As the EU Taxonomy Regulation was created to address greenwashing by enabling more confidence in sustainable investments, all economic activity under the regulation must comply with at least one of six environmental objectives. The environmental objective most directly relevant to [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) products is the transition to a circular economy via manufacturing/ construction (mitigation) projects and human health (adaptation) initiatives.
Photo Credit: Reebok
The first Delegated Act on climate change mitigation and adaptation (the ‘climate taxonomy’) was adopted on June 4, 2021, and established that a biobased plastic qualifies as contributing substantially to climate change mitigation if the following is met:
- Biobased plastic is derived wholly or partly from renewable feedstock;
- Biobased plastic life cycle emissions are lower than the life cycle emissions of fossil fuel plastics;
- The agricultural biomass used complies with the criteria laid down in the Renewable Energy Directive.
While no specific test standards are listed in the taxonomy, final biobased products and plastics based on [Carbon-14 content measurement](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html) could be labeled as “biobased” through the taxonomy, according to a **white paper on biobased PLA** from TotalEnergies Corbion.
## **Measuring Biobased Carbon**
As biobased products evolve, third-party laboratory testing using [ASTM D6866 measurements](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) allow manufacturers to validate biobased carbon content. ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic offers biobased testing with results available in 7 business days or less. [Contact Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for more information.
**References:**
2023\. [Commission Delegated Regulation supplementing Regulation (EU) 2020/852.](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020R0852) European Commission.
2023\. Planting the Future with PLA. Bie, de Francois; Ravard, Maelenn; La Scola, Paolo; Veras, Rui. TotalEnergies Corbion.
2022\. [EU Taxonomy Rules- Fostering sustainable climate change mitigation/adaptation.](https://www.dataguidance.com/opinion/eu-taxonomy-rules-%E2%80%93-fostering-sustainable-climate) Campbell, Keshawna. One Trust Data Guidance.
---
Miami-based Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the European Commission.
---
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**Categories:** Biobased Products, Biobased Regulations
---
### [Important Tips for Footwear Makers who need Biobased Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes/)
**Published:** June 8, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic has done bio-based content testing since 2004. As a lab, we have helped Reebok and other brands to verify their plant-derived materials. Use of results, type of sample, and deadlines are three factors to consider before testing.
**Content:**
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic has done bio-based content testing since 2004. As a lab, we have helped [Reebok](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-biobased-shoes/) and other brands to verify their plant-derived materials. Use of results, type of sample, and deadlines are three factors to consider before testing.
Photo credit: Reebok
## Relay to the lab how you are going to use the results
You can use bio-based content testing in various stages of production. Are you checking your suppliers’ bio-based claims for quality control and assurance? Do you need testing for research and development purposes? Or are you submitting the results as part of an [eco-labeling program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html) application?
Submitting one sample for measurement is fine for internal purposes (R&D, QC/QA). Click [here ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)for our guidelines.
If you are planning to apply for an **eco-label**, please consult the program first. Each program may ask you to submit a specific number of samples. Moreover, they also have rules when to do the testing and where. For example, the USDA requires acceptance to the [BioPreferred program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) first before testing. The USDA will not accept any bio-based testing results obtained in advance even if you have an application number. The agency will only accept results from its approved laboratories.
Different programs have specific analytical standards. Eco-labels in Europe must use standards created by the European Committee for Standardization. The programs outside Europe often use ASTM or ISO standards.
The [USDA BioPreferred program](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/) requires [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) testing for footwear applicants. Japan’s [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html) accepts ASTM D6866 and [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) results for shoes. TÜV AUSTRIA’s [OK Biobased certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html) uses the [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) standard.
## Decide what materials to test
Are you sending footwear components or an entire shoe for testing?
The brilliance of **bio-based content testing** is that it applies to solids, liquids and even gas. This means we can test the foam, soles, textile, rubber, adhesives, and even the packaging of the product. Please contact the lab first before sending a whole shoe. We will need instructions for multi-color components.
When submitting samples for certification, please consult the eco-labeling program first. They may have sampling guidelines specific to raw materials and finished products.
## Choose a lab that helps you meet your deadline
We, at Beta Analytic, can help you meet your deadlines. We have several machines and highly-trained staff available throughout the year. Upon receipt of your samples in Miami, Florida, we will provide a date when the results will be available.
You can choose between these two services:
- Standard (results reported in 7 business days or less)
- Priority (report provided in 4 business days or less)
Our priority service is not available for complex samples.
Wherever you are in the world, you can access your results anytime. Beta Analytic’s portal for clients is available 24/7.
### **Ready to submit your samples for testing?**
[**GET A QUOTE**](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
[Join our mailing list to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
This article is also available in [French](https://www.betalabservices.com/conseils-analyses-contenu-biosource-chaussures/), [Italian](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/consigli-calzature-contenuto-biobased.html), [Traditional Chinese](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes.html), and [Simplified Chinese.](https://www.radiocarbon.cn/biobased/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [How to Identify USDA Certified Biobased Bath Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-certified-biobased-product/)
**Published:** March 16, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Biobased bath products certified by the USDA BioPreferred Program carries the USDA Certified Biobased Product label, making it easier for consumers to identify which ones are significantly made of materials from feedstocks, agriculture or forestry.
**Content:**
Consumer perception of personal care products is changing in favor of those formulated with natural ingredients. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has included personal care items like bath products in its **USDA BioPreferred Program**®, making it easier for consumers to identify which ones are significantly made of materials from feedstocks, agriculture or forestry. Biobased bath products certified by the Program carries the **USDA Certified Biobased Product** label.
## USDA Certified Biobased Products
Biobased products certified under the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) have undergone third-party **biobased content testing** and validation. They can use the USDA Certified Biobased Product label on the product’s packaging and marketing materials.
Aside from the logo or artwork, the label also includes the biobased content percentage of the packaging material and the product, as well as the texts “**USDA Certified Biobased Product**“. The letters “FP” that appear on the label signify that the product is also part of the Federal Procurement Preference initiative.
## Bath Products – 61% Biobased Content
Under the USDA BioPreferred Program, bath products cover personal hygiene products such as liquids, gels and bar soaps but excludes products marketed as hand cleaners or hand sanitizers. Body washes or cleansing lotions are included in this category.
Manufacturers who want their bath products to be carry the USDA Certified Biobased Product label will need to make sure that the product is at least 61% biobased as measured by [ASTM D6866 analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html). The Program clarifies that a higher percentage of biobased content doesn’t necessarily indicate superior performance, safety, or environmental impact.
For bath products to be biobased, they may have surfactants, essential oils or fragrance and other ingredients sourced from biological materials.
**Biobased Surfactants**
Although each type has a different chemical composition, bath products all contain a surfactant as an active ingredient. Surfactants are traditionally petrochemical-sourced. Studies have noted that exposure to petrochemical-derived ingredients can cause skin irritation on the surface level and disrupt physiological activity internally. 1
Aside from health risks, waste from petrochemical-sourced surfactants can also be damaging to the environment. When waste is discharged in bodies of water, it stops productivity of aquatic plants and disrupts the balance of the food chain. When aquatic animals are eaten by humans, it increases internal concentration of surfactants in the body. 1
There are researches claiming that surfactants sourced from renewable sources are less harmful and exhibits cleaning efficacy comparable to the traditionally produced surfactants. Renewable resources may even come at a much lower production cost, proving it to be much more advantageous than its petrochemical counterpart. 2
## USDA BioPreferred Program
The USDA BioPreferred Program aims to promote the purchase and use of biobased products that in turn increases economic development, provide more jobs, and direct new markets to needed commodities. As of 2014, the Program’s economic impact includes $393 billion value added to the U.S. economy and 4.2 million jobs through direct, indirect and induced contributions. The BioPreferred Program currently has 97 product categories.
**Sources:**
1\. Yuan, C. L. et al. (2014). Study on characteristics and harm of surfactants. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 6(7), 2233-2237. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
2\. Nagarajan R. (2013.). [‘Greener’ Surfactants from Bio-based Waste as Efficient Alternatives to Nonylphenol Ethoxylates](https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.highlight/abstract/9873/report/F). Retrieved March 16, 2018.
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA, the BioPreferred Program or ASTM. The ISO 17025-accredited lab provides fast ASTM D6866 testing and welcomes inquiries from interested parties, including USDA BioPreferred Program applicants. Please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for price inquiries and turnaround time options.*
---
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [CEN/TR 17674 - Isotopic Fingerprint of Food Products and Natural Flavors](https://www.betalabservices.com/cen-tr-17674-isotopic-fingerprint-natural-flavors/)
**Published:** August 18, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 17674 provides an overview of existing applications of isotope ratio analysis of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen that are relevant to the analysis of biobased feedstocks, products and production processes. This Technical Report validates the geographic origin and/or isotopic fingerprint of natural flavors, food products and feedstocks. CEN/TR 17674, however, does not provide validation of whether a product is biobased (naturally sourced) or not.
**Content:**
The CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 17674 provides an overview of existing applications of isotope ratio analysis of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen that are relevant to the analysis of [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) feedstocks, products and production processes. This Technical Report validates the geographic origin and/or isotopic fingerprint of [natural flavors](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fragrances.html), food products and feedstocks. It is based on the analysis of stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) using an [Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/) and is particularly suitable for authenticity controls of pure raw materials, providing the isotopic values of all organic elements contained in the samples. CEN/TR 17674, however, does not provide validation of whether a product is biobased (naturally sourced) or not.
## **Isotopic Fingerprint of Natural Products**
The δ13C value (the ratio of isotopes 13C to 12C) is a function of the photosynthetic pathway of the plant material in question. Photosynthesis is the method by which plants turn water, light and carbon dioxide into energy for growth. The process of photosynthesis depends on the type of plant — C3 plant, C4 plant or Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plant. Examples of C3 plants are cassava, soybean, and rice. C4 plants include sugarcane and maize/corn. Popular CAM plants include cacti, pineapple, vanilla and agave.
C3, C4 and CAM plants have different photosynthetic modes. C3 and C4 plants cycle carbon differently through their system, leading to fractionation of δ13C, producing distinct ranges of this isotope in their cells. As a result, C3 plants generally have a δ13C signature between -20‰ to -35‰, whereas C4 plants more commonly have a δ13C signature between -10‰ to -20‰.
While these two photosynthetic modes have some overlap in the ‰ of δ13C, it is still very useful to distinguish between the two to pinpoint the source of a biobased product. While δ13C can be useful in detecting plant types based on the photosynthetic pathway, it cannot confirm whether a material is biobased (naturally sourced) or not. It can only give an indication of whether the material in question is within the same δ13C signature bounds as the genuine plant in question.
## **Adulteration of Vanilla**
Vanillin is the principal flavoring component in vanilla beans within an orchid, which operates using the CAM photosynthetic pathway; thus, any product which is marketed as pure genuine vanilla bean should have the δ13C of an orchid (CAM) plant. In natural vanilla beans from orchids, the δ13C is around -20‰, while alternatives which come from wood lignin (C3 plants; e.g. guaiaco) have δ13C ranges around -28‰ to -29‰.
Genuine vanilla flavoring is in high demand around the world, but the quantity of vanillin available is very limited. Thus, this type of flavoring is commonly adulterated. [However, testing δ13C of vanilla may give an indication of whether it’s adulterated or not, but it cannot be conclusively determined without measuring the radiocarbon content (14C).](https://www.betalabservices.com/vanilla-vanillin/ "However, testing δ13C of vanilla may give an indication of whether it's adulterated or not, but it cannot be conclusively determined without measuring the radiocarbon content (14C).") Together, δ13C and 14C analyses could provide the basis for determining if it’s adulterated (14C) and potentially what the adulteration ingredient is (δ13C; e.g. guaiaco).
## **Carbon-14 Analysis for Authentication**
Carbon-14 analysis can provide evidence as to whether a product is made purely of modern plants and/or animals (naturally sourced) or if it has been adulterated with synthetic and/or petroleum-based materials. For example, Beta Analytic [tested the authenticity of a series of Peppermint Oil and Garlic Oil ](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html)samples which claimed to be all natural, demonstrating that only a small subset of the samples were actually 100% naturally sourced. Such testing can be undertaken using 14C analysis through the ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 international standards.
**References:**
Reiffarth, D.G., Petticrew, E.L., Owens, P.N. and Lobb, D.A., 2016. Sources of variability in fatty acid (FA) biomarkers in the application of compound-specific stable isotopes (CSSIs) to soil and sediment fingerprinting and tracing: a review. Science of the Total Environment, 565, pp.8-27.
Hoefs, J., 2010. Geochemical fingerprints: a critical appraisal. European Journal of Mineralogy, 22(1), pp.3-15.
Basu, S., Agrawal, S., Sanyal, P., Mahato, P., Kumar, S. and Sarkar, A., 2015. Carbon isotopic ratios of modern C3–C4 plants from the Gangetic Plain, India and its implications to paleovegetational reconstruction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 440, pp.22-32.
Geißler, K., Greule, M., Schäfer, U., Hans, J., Geißler, T., Meier, L., Keppler, F. and Krammer, G., 2017. Vanilla authenticity control by DNA barcoding and isotope data aggregation. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 32(4), pp.228-237.
Chartrand, M.M., Meija, J., Hélie, J.F., Middlestead, P., Ramalingam, M., Aziz, A.A. and Mester, Z., 2022. Characterization of vanillin carbon isotope delta reference materials. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 414(27), pp.7877-7883.
Greule, M., Tumino, L.D., Kronewald, T., Hener, U., Schleucher, J., Mosandl, A. and Keppler, F., 2010. Improved rapid authentication of vanillin using δ 13 C and δ 2 H values. European Food Research and Technology, 231, pp.933-941.
2020\. [The difference between C3 and C4 plants](https://ripe.illinois.edu/blog/difference-between-c3-and-c4-plants). University of Illinois Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE) project
2022\. “Bio-based products: Use of stable isotope ratios of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen as tools for verification of the origin of bio-based feedstock and characteristics of production processes: Overview of relevant existing applications.” European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
---
Miami-based Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
The ISO 17025-accredited lab provides rapid, high-quality carbon-14 analysis of various food products, natural flavors, and beverages, among others. For inquiries on testing fees and turnaround time, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
---
**You might also be interested in these articles:**
– [Verifying Natural Products: Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
– [Turmeric Case Study: Verifying “Natural” Claims by Carbon-14 and HPLC Analyses](https://www.betalabservices.com/turmeric-hplc-carbon-14-testing/)
– [FREE Webinar: Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category](https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_xT40JQIjRyqt5XF845jDeA#/registration) \* Available on Demand \*
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**Categories:** Biobased Products, Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing
---
### [天然由来製品の検証に炭素14分析は有効でしょうか？](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-authenticity-testing-methods/)
**Published:** April 24, 2018
**Author:** JP BLS
**Content:**
天然由来製品が一般的になるにつれて、偽装・偽和されている製品の割合も増えています。
「天然由来」という謳い文句が真実であるかを確認する方法として様々な試験法が存在しますが、天然由来成分の複雑さや新しい偽和方法の台頭により、一つの試験で100％天然由来成分を保証するのは難しくなってきています。
天然由来製品の対象とした様々な試験の中で、単純に不純物が含まれているかどうかを判断する方法はいくつか存在しますが、その不純物が天然由来ではなく、合成石油由来の添加物であることを実証できるのは炭素14分析法だけです。よって、天然由来の製品に合成石油由来の物質が混入していないことを確実にし、製品の品質を管理するのに炭素14分析法は非常に有効なのです。
以下に、一般的に使用されている試験について詳述します。
## **ガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法 (GC-MS)**
GC-MSは、「ガスクロマトグラフィー」と「質量分析」という2種類の試験方法を用いた試験の総称です。ガスクロマトグラフィーでは、揮発性混合物を成分別に分離することができます。その成分を質量分析装置を通すことで、化合物がイオン化され、さらに断片化し、最終的にその断片の質量および相対量が質量分析装置に記録されます。得られたスペクトルを参照データベースと比較することで、試料の組成や真正性を評価することができます。微妙な差を検知できる方法として、精油や香料を含む多くの製品において、GC-MSは非常に人気のある試験方法です。
## **キラル試験法**
キラリティとは、空間における３D方向に関連する分子の特性を意味します。キラル分子（一つのキラル中心を有する）は、同じ成分（指）を持ちながら、重ね合わせることができない左右の手のように、どう回転しても重ね合わせることができない２つの鏡像に存在します。
自然界では、左旋光または右旋光のキラル分子のみが発見されることがしばしばありますが、試験所で作られた合成同等物は、ラセミ混合物（２種類の鏡像異性体が等量存在することによって旋光性を示さなくなった状態の混合物）であることが多いので、光学分割によってラセミ混合物と左旋光と右旋光のキラル分子（光学活性体）を分離させる操作が必要となります。
混合物のキラリティを調べる方法はいくつかありますが、最もシンプルなものが旋光度の測定でしょう。左旋光のキラル分子は偏光面を一方向、つまり反時計回りに回転させ、右旋光のキラル分子はその反対方向（時計回り）に同等の光を回転させます。ラセミ混合物では、両方向の旋光がお互いの光を相殺していまうので、光を回転させることはありません。最終的に参考値との比較によりキラル純度が決定されます。
## **同位体比質量分析法 (IRMS)**
元素は、複数の異なる同位体として存在することが可能です。つまり、陽子を同数有していても、異なる数の中性子を有することで、結果的に原子質量が異なるのです。例えば、最も数の多い炭素の同位体は炭素12であり、6個の陽子と6個の中性子を含みます。しかし、存在する量は炭素12より少ないですが、6個の陽子と7個の中性子を持つ炭素-13も存在しています。特定の元素の異なる同位体間の比を測定することにより、試料のソースについて多くのことが明らかにすることが可能なので、蜂蜜の真正試験から硝酸塩汚染源の特定まで幅広く使用されています。
試料をイオン化して磁場を通し、それらを同位体比質量分析計を使用することで、同位体比を測定することができます。分子は質量に応じて、異なって偏向され、次いで検出器によって取り出されます。試料の本来の値と比較することにより、様々な同位体比によって異なる比率を持つ異物の存在を明らかにすることができるのです。
※「Biobased％」がC14分析法の結果、一番右「GC-MS」がガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法の結果です。
**C14分析法では、＃３のみが天然由来成分100％であるという結果に対し、ガスクロマトグラフィー質量分析法では全てのガーリックオイルが「PASS」（合格）とされています。**
## **炭素14 分析法**
植物や動物を由来成分とする天然由来製品の偽和に、安価な石油由来の合成物質が使用されることはよくあります。この場合、天然由来成分と同じ化学組成を有する成分であっても、炭素14分析法を使用して偽和を検出することができます。弱い放射性炭素同位体である炭素14は、放射性崩壊の法則に従って、時間とともに減少していきます。炭素循環の一環として、すべての生き物はある一定の炭素14を含んでいますが、石油化学由来の化合物には、炭素サイクルから外れてから長い時間が経っているため、炭素14を含みません。よって、製品の炭素14の含有量を測ることで、石油由来の原料が植物由来／動物由来の原料と区別することができます。しかし、炭素14分析法では、植物由来成分と動物由来成分のそれぞれの含有量を測るといった、天然由来成分の成分ごとの違いを区別することはできません。
炭素14は、前述した通常の質量分析装置（IRMS）と類似した原理で動く、AMS（加速器質量分析計）を用いて測定されます。重要な相違点は、イオンが検出器に到達する前に、イオンを勢いよく加速させる点であり、これによって炭素12・炭素13から炭素14を分離して検出するなど、非常に少ない存在量の同位体を検出することが可能となります。
---
免責事項:この動画はサードパーティーのサービスを利用しているため広告が表示されることがあります。
## **結論**
上記のような試験方法を活用することは、天然由来製品の真正性を実証するために有効な方法です。もちろん、絶対確実な保証ではありません。しかし、それぞれ違う問題を検出することができる試験方法を複数採用することで、品質管理を強化することができるのです。
**参考文献:**
1. Downey (ed.), 2016, Advances in Food Authenticity Testing, Amsterdam: Woodhead Publishing.
2. Zawirska-Wojtasiak, R, 2006, Chirality and the Nature of Food Authenticity of Aroma, Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 5, pp. 21 – 36.
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
---
### [Authenticating Natural-Sourced Food Ingredients with Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/food-ingredients-carbon-14-analysis/)
**Published:** November 3, 2021
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In an article published recently in the Asia & Middle East Food Trade Journal, Beta Analytic described the use of Carbon-14 analysis as a tool to identify economically motivated adulteration in natural ingredients.
The presence of carbon-14 in organic materials allows **carbon-14 analysis** to calculate the percentage of naturally sourced versus petrochemical-derived ingredients present in an ingredient or product. The measurement is performed in accordance with ASTM-D6866 standard using an [Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS).](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
Results are measured as a percentage, ranging from 0-100% depending on the quantity of biomass in the product. An ingredient completely sourced from biomass will have 100% biobased content whereas a product that is completely sourced from petrochemical-derived ingredients will yield a result of 0%. A product with 50% biobased content represents a mixture of both naturally sourced and fossil-derived ingredients.
Due to the increase in demand for natural products in the market, validating natural ingredients claims is vital for companies. Carbon-14 analysis allows manufacturers, suppliers and distributors to accurately prove the naturality of their product ingredients and fulfill customer expectations.
## **Case Study: Garlic Oil**
A study conducted by Beta Analytic was designed to identify the existence of adulterants in five garlic oil samples, four of which were labelled as “100% pure garlic essential oil” and one artificial garlic oil.
Through the use of Carbon-14 analysis, the results demonstrated that only one of the four products labelled as “100% pure garlic oil” supported the natural label claim, despite all five samples having passed a GC-MS chemical composition test for garlic oil.
---
Carbon-14 analysis is an accurate method for suppliers and distributors to authenticate ingredients’ naturality, as this testing accurately identifies the presence of petrochemical-derived adulterants by determining what percentage of an ingredient was sourced from biomass.
For more details, please read Beta Analytic’s article [Authenticating natural-sourced food ingredients with Carbon-14 analysis](https://epaper.ameft.com/ameft-journal-2021-4/#p=53) published in Asia & Middle East Food Trade Journal.
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
##### You might also be interested in these articles:
- [Turmeric Case Study: Verifying “Natural” Claims by Carbon-14 and HPLC Analyses](https://www.betalabservices.com/turmeric-hplc-carbon-14-testing/)
- [Natural vs Synthetic Huperzine A](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic-huperzine-a/)
- [Natural vs Synthetic Peppermint Oil – How to Screen for Adulteration](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing
---
### [How to Identify Fraudulent Natural Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-testing/)
**Published:** April 24, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic presented the results of its garlic oil case study in an article published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. The lab tested five commercially available garlic oil — four were labeled as “natural” and one sample was clearly labeled as “artificial”. All five samples passed GC-MS testing. However, Carbon-14 analysis results show that only one of them is 100% naturally sourced.
## Carbon-14 Analysis vs Other Methods
Carbon-14 testing enhances the quality control measures of essential oils manufacturers and distributors.
There are several analytical techniques used to detect adulteration in natural products like essential oils. However, these methods only detect “natural” adulterants often in combination with other tests. Carbon-14 analysis can detect synthetic, petroleum-derived adulterants. The method, however, cannot identify specific adulterants.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article [“Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis”](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821) published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue (March 2019).
Related Topic:
Beta Analytic Case Study – [Natural vs Synthetic Peppermint Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
### **Carbon-14 Testing Laboratory Beta Analytic**
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality **natural versus synthetic essential oil testing** by carbon-14 analysis.
The lab has extensively worked on essential oils, flavors and supplements, among others. For price and turnaround time inquiries, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Case Studies, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Low Carbon Fuel Standard Programs in the US & Canada](https://www.betalabservices.com/low-carbon-fuel-standard-programs-us-canada/)
**Published:** May 23, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** A Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program is designed to decrease the carbon intensity (CI) of a state’s fuel supply by requiring suppliers to purchase credits corresponding to fossil fuels they sell and offering tax incentives to those providing renewable options. The revenue generated by selling credits is then used to finance the state’s energy transition, particularly by funding the public infrastructure necessary to promote the use of renewable fuels.
**Content:**
A Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program is designed to decrease the carbon intensity (CI) of a state’s fuel supply by requiring suppliers to purchase credits corresponding to fossil fuels they sell and offering tax incentives to those providing renewable options. The revenue generated by selling credits is then used to finance the state’s energy transition, particularly by funding the public infrastructure necessary to promote the use of renewable fuels.
A critical component of LCFS programs is the reporting and verification mechanisms they use, such as biogenic carbon testing using ASTM D6866 method.
## **Biogenic Carbon Testing Requirements in LCFS Programs**
#### **California**
California became the first state with an LCFS program when it started its program in 2011. The program is administered by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The goal of the program started with a 10% CI reduction of transportation fuels by 2020 and was raised to 20% by 2030 through a 2015 amendment. California’s LCFS program credits are currently worth about $80, with the total market value of the credits slightly above $50 million.
California uses the CA-GREET model for lifecycle CI calculations in the program. California requires biogenic content testing following the ASTM D6866 standard for verifying the renewable portion of emissions from co-processed fuels.
#### **Oregon**
The state of Oregon began its Clean Fuel Program in 2016. The program requires a 10% reduction in average carbon intensity from 2015 levels by 2025, followed by a 20% reduction by 2030 and 37% reduction by 2035. The program’s credits are currently worth about $175, with about $60 million worth of credits traded in April 2023.
Oregon uses the OR-GREET model for lifecycle CI calculations. Unlike the CA-GREET, under the OR-GREET model direct emissions from renewable sources are not counted toward lifecycle emissions. Oregon requires biogenic content testing following the ASTM D6866 standard for verifying the renewable portion of emissions from [municipal solid waste (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html) and co-processed or co-fired fuels.
[Contact us to learn more about biogenic content testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
## **Other Low Carbon Fuel Programs**
At the start of 2023, Washington became the third state to enact an LCFS with its Clean Fuel Program. Washington’s LCFS program requires fuel suppliers to gradually reduce the CI of transportation fuels to 20% below 2017 levels by 2038. The program has not published official data on its credits yet, but analysts project their value will stabilize at about $35-$40 dollars by 2025.
British Columbia became the first Canadian province to introduce an LCFS program in 2013. The program was amended to its current form in 2023, raising the program’s target carbon intensity reduction from 20% to 30% by 2030 among other changes. Credits traded during the updated program’s trial phase in 2022 were worth an average of $445 and total trade was worth a bit over $50,000.
Both Washington and British Columbia LCFS programs do not currently require biogenic content testing, but neither program has had an MSW or co-processing project yet. Both programs accept applications for new pathways.
New York, Vermont, Michigan, Illinois, Minnesota and New Mexico currently have bills in their legislature which would establish an LCFS program. Coalitions in many other states are working to introduce legislation. In addition, a bill recently introduced in the United States House or Representatives would establish a national LCFS specifically for aviation fuels.
**References:**
[“Low Carbon Fuel Standard” ](https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/low-carbon-fuel-standard)– *California Air Resources Board.*
[“Oregon Clean Fuels Program](https://www.oregon.gov/deq/ghgp/cfp/Pages/default.aspx)” – *Oregon Department of Environmental Quality.*
“Clean Fuel Standard.” – *Washington Department of Ecology*.
“Renewable and Low Carbon Fuel Requirements Regulation” – *Government of British Columbia.*
[“As LCFS Programs Proliferate, Don’t Get Behind the 8-Ball.”](https://stillwaterassociates.com/as-lcfs-programs-proliferate-dont-get-behind-the-8-ball/) *Stillwater Associates.*
[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels, Renewable Carbon
---
### [Carbon-14 Analysis Brings Transparency to “Natural” Claims](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-claims-transparency/)
**Published:** December 13, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Consumers all over the world are increasingly seeking more plant-based goods. The rise of plant-based eating is driven by multiple concerns including reducing environmental impact and supporting a healthy diet. This trend has also manifested in the cosmetics industry in the demand for natural, plant-based ingredients and packaging.
**Content:**
Consumers all over the world are increasingly seeking more plant-based goods. The rise of plant-based eating is driven by multiple concerns including reducing environmental impact and supporting a healthy diet. This trend has also manifested in the cosmetics industry in the demand for natural, plant-based ingredients and packaging.
However, as noted in an article co-authored by Haley Gershon of Beta Analytic and Audrey Wesson of INOLEX, there is increasing consumer distrust of products claiming to be natural. This is largely because of “greenwashing,” when a product appears to be natural and eco-friendly because of its packaging or ads but the product itself is not truly natural nor eco-friendly.
## Third-Party Authentication
In response, industries now use third-party authentication, including carbon-14 analysis, to validate natural source claims. A known amount of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 is contained in biomass while petroleum-based ingredients do not contain any carbon-14. Measuring a product’s biobased content is used as an effective tool allowing industries to communicate the use of biobased ingredients to consumers.
There are several third-party certification programs, such as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [BioProferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html), that recommend or require carbon-14 testing for eligible products to display certified biobased labels on their packaging.
For instance, the **USDA BioPreferred Program** allows INOLEX, a personal care ingredients manufacturer, to achieve a certification that displays the specific percentage of biobased content for materials containing over 62% biobased content. This allows for the recognition of using primarily biobased feedstocks, even if it does not result in 100% natural-sourced ingredients.
In conclusion, the article attests that the combination of carbon-14 testing and biobased content certifications fosters greater clarity for consumers to identify plant-based ingredients and finished products in the marketplace.
Read the full article in Cosmeticsdesign.com.
*Image Credit: Gerd Altmann from Pixabay*
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program Products in the Construction Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-products-construction/)
**Published:** March 21, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** Material producers are showing increased interest in the USDA BioPreferred® Program, and taking a look at the widespread examples of biobased materials in construction should be enough to convince even the staunchest supporters of fossil fuel-derived products and materials.
**Content:**
Just a few decades ago, the widespread use of biobased materials in construction would have felt like science fiction to many in the industry. Today, with the growing use of biomass in everything from bioplastics to intermediate materials, it is becoming more widely accepted that green materials are necessary for sustainable industry.
Material producers are showing increased interest in the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html), and taking a look at the widespread examples of biobased materials in construction should be enough to convince even the staunchest supporters of fossil fuel-derived products and materials.
Here are descriptions of how products are used in the industry with specific examples taken from the **USDA BioPreferred Catalog.**
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
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## Hydraulic and Metalworking Fluids
Hydraulic equipment is widely used in the construction of any scale, and maintaining the performance of hydraulic systems is integral to the performance of equipment, and can even impact lead times and overall project management. In construction, operators require reliable products that are both proven and affordable.
Numerous companies now produce hydraulic fluids that are used in the construction industry, with the most competitive companies taking advantage of **USDA Certified Biobased** labeling. One product is derived from seed oils with better lubricating properties than conventional hydraulic oils. Higher performance is essential in the construction industry as it can reduce maintenance requirements and increase productivity.
Metalworking lubricants are also essential in construction, as well as in general fabrication. Some of the world’s most prominent lubricant companies have introduced products to market that are certified under the USDA BioPreferred Program.
## Intermediate Products Used in Construction
Paint and coating materials have traditionally been some of the most environmentally damaging products used in construction. Even with a movement to non-toxic materials, there have still been major concerns regarding the production of non-biomass products. Sealants used with foam (such as for insulation) are not often considered to be environmentally friendly, however, there are emerging products that contain up to 80% **biobased content** used in everything from molded polyurethane to special coatings, sealants, and adhesives. As more companies shift to using USDA Certified Biobased products and intermediate materials, the overall carbon footprint of modern construction will decrease.
## Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance
Engines are used in construction in everything from air compressors, to the engines in loaders, diggers, and other large appliances. Products with USDA Certified Biobased labels include crankcase oils, 2-stroke engine oils, and general motor oils.
Some of these oils include ultra-high performance oils, which are essential for applications in high-performance engines, or engines that operate in extreme low temperatures. These oils generally meet a minimum of 25% biomass components, and provide superior engine lubrication when compared to OEM recommended synthetic and petroleum-based brands.
## Personal Safety Equipment
Even the personal safety equipment used on modern construction sites can be derived from a [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html) material. Slip-resistant materials and even safety hard hats can be made from plant resin-derived plastics, with some products being up to 95% biobased. Safety equipment conforms to the same standards as equivalent items made from petroleum-derived plastics, further reinforcing the point that a transition to more USDA Certified Biobased products will not be detrimental to the construction industry.
Staying competitive with biobased materials will require testing and certification from the USDA BioPreferred Program. Beta Analytic provides biobased content testing for companies wanting to certify their latest products. Contact the lab for more information on [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) as required under the USDA BioPreferred Program.
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on **ASTM D6866** biobased content testing. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for price or turnaround time inquiries.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories - Inks, Composite Lumber, Carpet Cleaners](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-categories/)
**Published:** July 16, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** The USDA BioPreferred® Program is one of the most important economic and environmental initiatives currently supported by the U.S. government.
**Content:**
The USDA BioPreferred® Program is one of the most important economic and environmental initiatives currently supported by the U.S. government. Originally designed by lawmakers and the USDA to increase economic growth by promoting biomass alternatives to traditional petrochemical ingredients, the BioPreferred Program has gone on to generate hundreds of millions of dollars of value within the economy and it has led to the creation of millions of jobs throughout the United States.
The categories covered by the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) are highly varied, and the scope of biobased products can often be surprising for those who are unfamiliar with the program. For consumers looking for products that are based on sustainable biobased ingredients, or for product developers thinking about investing in biobased products, learning about some of the product categories can be helpful.
## Inks for Use in Industrial Printing or Office Printers
Both specialized industrial inks and consumer grade inks have been approved for the **USDA BioPreferred Program**. With the amount of ink and toner that is used every year across the country, it makes sense that people would want to turn to sustainable products that are based on ingredients sourced from renewable sources.
News inks used for large-scale printing of newspapers and magazines should be at least 32% biobased before they can be certified for the USDA BioPreferred Program. Printer toner for home or commercial use is also accepted in the Program, with minimum biobased content requirements ranging from 20% to 34%, depending on the speed of the printer the ink is intended for.
Specialty inks are also included in the product categories. These inks are used for optical disc labeling, invisible printing, erasable printing, and other specialty products. The minimum **biobased content** for inks in this category is 66%.
Biobased content determination is done through [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html).
## Plastic Lumber for Construction
Composite lumber, more commonly known as plastic lumber, is an incredibly versatile product that can be used for light construction. Materials made from composites can be more durable and has stronger resilience to environmental conditions. In many cases, they are also more affordable when compared to products made from 100% lumber stock.
The biobased content in composite panels should be at least 23% for them to be accepted in the **BioPreferred Program**. Products can be made from new or recycled materials, with specific examples varying between manufacturers. Examples of the ingredients used in plastic lumber are HDPE, wheat straw, recycled wood, and rice husk. Some products have a biobased content of up to 50%, reducing the amount of HDPE used to create affordable and hard-wearing plastic lumber.
## Carpet and Upholstery Cleaners
Home and industrial cleaners are often perceived, sometimes unfairly, as especially damaging to the environment. While some cleaners do use harsh chemicals that can be dangerous when released back into the ecosystem, there is a new generation of cleaning products that carry the **USDA Certified Biobased Label** and were created using biobased ingredients that are more sustainable and ultimately better for the environment.
Spot removers used for carpet and upholstery cleaning need to be at least 7% biobased before they can be certified under the BioPreferred Program. Many of the top manufacturers have exceeded the minimum biobased requirements, with some products having over 54% biomass-derived ingredients in the product and packaging.
## These are Just Three Categories Within a Growing List
The USDA BioPreferred Program is growing in presence, and the department can add more categories in the future as the need arise. There are more than 133 unique categories designated by the Program, and they all represent excellent areas for healthy competition and innovation in the use of biomass to create alternative products that are better for the environment.
The simple fact is that consumers today are more likely to choose biobased products when the effectiveness and price are comparable to a non-biobased alternative, thus companies will need to consider [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-program-benefits/) certification to stay competitive.
Beta Analytic can provide a biobased content testing service in compliance with the ASTM D6866 standard. With test results available within 7 business days or less, testing is both convenient and quick, allowing today’s innovators to quickly bring their certified biobased products to the market. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. Please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for price inquiries.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [How to Apply for the USDA Certified Biobased Label](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-usda-certification/)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Content:**
If you manufacture products that use biobased materials, then you can gain a number of advantages from the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html). Entry into the Program allows you to use official USDA Certified Biobased labeling on your products, helping you to stay competitive in a market where consumers are increasingly turning to goods derived from biomass.
There are minimum biobased content standards for a number of product categories, and your product may fall into one of the many existing categories covered in the **USDA BioPreferred** Program Catalog. Even if you have created a new and innovative product that isn’t covered by an existing category, you can still get the USDA Certified Biobased Label if the product has at least 25% biobased content as measured through the [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) standardized method.
Entering into the program is simple and there is no fee for certification. The only cost will come from biobased content testing service of third-party labs. If you want to start taking advantage of the federally backed program, then you’ll need to know the steps to follow to get certified.
---
#### **Ready to send samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## USDA BioPreferred Program Application Process
The USDA provides all tools directly to manufacturers, and all steps, information, and news about the BioPreferred Program can be found on the [official website](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/HowToParticipate.xhtml).
Before you can apply for a product label and inclusion in the program, you’ll need to gain a Level 1 USDA e-Authentication Account. This allows you access to the Company Tools provided by the Program. Requesting an account is performed through the USDA BioPreferred Program website. During this process, you will need to provide your company information, and you’ll later use your authentication to download graphics resources for labeling your product.
After you have followed the application process, you’ll be provided an application number and a list of accepted laboratories that can perform the biobased content testing services.
Prices are set by laboratories and are within ranges that are affordable for small, medium, and large enterprise businesses. Laboratories have up to 15 days to test your product sample and packaging, however, leading laboratories will offer turnaround times that are much faster than the maximum allowed by the program. Laboratories will provide a report of the product that indicates the **biobased content**, and they will also provide a report to the USDA BioPreferred Program. With the report reviewed and confirmed, the applicant will receive direct confirmation from the Program once certification has been approved.
## How to Find an Accepted Laboratory for Biobased Testing
Not every material testing laboratory has the necessary tools or experience to be able to perform biobased content testing. Beta Analytic is one of two laboratories in the United States authorized to test biobased products for the USDA BioPreferred Program. The Miami-based lab worked on the initial project that defined the testing standard and has extensive experience and expertise in biobased testing. Testing is performed in accordance with the ASTM D6866 standard.
Beta Analytic is an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory. This accreditation is a requirement by ASTM International for labs performing **biobased content testing** for the USDA BioPreferred Program.
The process of participating in the **USDA BioPreferred** Program is relatively simple and designed in a way that ensures companies can easily participate. When working with Beta Analytic, you’ll get the very best technical support and advice to help you throughout the testing process.
There are currently thousands of USDA Certified Biobased products covered by the BioPreferred Program. The USDA Certified Biobased label can be an effective tool to make your product stand out on store shelves, in catalogs, and throughout your marketing materials. The USDA Certified Biobased Product label includes the biobased content percentage of your product, which further helps consumers to make their purchasing decisions.
It simply makes sense to join the USDA BioPreferred Program if you are using biomass in your products. With a laboratory like Beta Analytic, you’ll have the ideal accepted laboratory testing partner to ensure that your application process is as smooth as possible.
Beta Analytic reports ASTM D6866 testing results in 7 business days or less. A faster service is also available. Please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for price inquiries.
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [CEN Releases Another Technical Specification for Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/cen-16640/)
**Published:** April 30, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 has published CEN/TS 16640:2014: Biobased Products – Determination of the biobased carbon content of products using the radiocarbon method. CEN had previously published technical specifications also based on the radiocarbon content of biobased materials.
There are three test methods specified in CEN/TS 16640 for measuring radiocarbon content – liquid scintillation counting (LSC), beta-ionization (BI), and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Under CEN/TS 16640, the biobased carbon content of a material is expressed by a fraction of sample mass, as a fraction of the total carbon content, or as a fraction of the total organic carbon content. This calculation method is applicable to any product containing organic carbon, including biocomposites.
A technical specification (TS) is a pre-standard that contains technical requirements. Although it is produced and approved by a CEN Technical Committee, it doesn’t have the status of a European Standard (EN). It may be adopted as a national standard. Its maximum lifetime though is only between two to three years. It can be converted into an EN standard if it will go through a CEN Enquiry and a Formal Vote.
## Technical Specifications for Biobased Products
The CEN/TS 16640 is similar to previously released technical specifications CEN/TS 16137 and CEN/TS 16295, which were published by a technical committee focused on plastics. These three technical specifications are based on radiocarbon analyses. CEN/TS 16640 is applicable to all biobased products whereas the other two are only applicable to plastics and polymers.
CEN/TS 16137 provides reference test and calculation methods for determining the biobased carbon content of plastics and other polymers that contain organic carbon.
CEN/TS 16295 provides requirements for the declaration, including statements and labels, of the biobased carbon content of polymers, plastic materials, semi-finished plastic products, and finished plastic products, including composites.
Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 is currently working on other specifications and reports. As of April 2014, the FprCEN/TR 16721 and FprCEN/TS 16766 are still under approval. FprCEN/TR 16721 “Overview of methods to determine the biobased content” presents techniques in addition to the radiocarbon method and includes process inputs. FprCEN/TS 16766 “Biobased solvents – Requirements, application classes and test methods” defines the specification, the application classes, and the test methods related to the requirements for biobased solvents, including the minimum percentage of biomass, among others.
### Beta Analytic Provides Biobased Content Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic measures the biobased carbon content of a material through AMS. Compared to the other two methods specified in CEN/TS 16640, AMS analysis is more accurate with standard deviation as low as 0.1%.
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic accepts samples throughout Europe via its forwarding office in London, UK.
Beta Analytic supports Europe’s biobased industry by providing high-quality biobased carbon content measurements. The company is not affiliated with the CEN or any of its technical committees.
**Categories:** Biobased Products
**Tags:** Biobased Products
---
### [Vérification des produits naturels : l'analyse du carbone 14 est-elle nécessaire ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticite-methodes-analyse/)
**Published:** March 14, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
À mesure que les produits naturels deviennent de plus en plus populaires, il en va malheureusement de même pour l’incitation croissante à la falsification. Il existe de nombreuses méthodes d’analyse qui permettent d’authentifier les produits naturels. Toutefois, en raison de la complexité de nombreux produits naturels et des nouvelles méthodes d’adultération, il n’existe pas de méthode d’analyse unique qui puisse garantir une authenticité à 100 %.
Alors qu’il existe plusieurs méthodes permettant de détecter si un produit contient des adultérants provenant d’autres sources naturelles, seule **l’analyse du carbone 14** permet de confirmer si un matériau contient des adultérants synthétiques d’origine pétrolière. Ainsi, pour s’assurer qu’un ingrédient ne contient pas d’adultérants naturels et dérivés de la pétrochimie, l’analyse du carbone 14 est un outil nécessaire pour le contrôle de la qualité.
## Chromatographie en phase gazeuse – Spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS)
La GC-MS utilise deux méthodes d’analyse différentes, à savoir la chromatographie en phase gazeuse et la spectrométrie de masse. La chromatographie en phase gazeuse permet de séparer des mélanges volatils complexes en leurs divers composants. En envoyant les composants à travers un spectromètre de masse, les composés sont ionisés et divisés en fragments plus petits dont le spectromètre enregistrera les masses et les quantités relatives. En comparant le spectre obtenu avec une base de données de référence, la composition et l’authenticité d’un échantillon peuvent être évaluées. La GC-MS est une technique sensible couramment utilisée pour analyser de nombreux produits, y compris les huiles essentielles et les parfums.
## Analyse chirale
La chiralité est une propriété de certaines molécules liée à leur orientation 3D dans l’espace. Les molécules chirales (avec un centre chiral) existent dans deux configurations qui sont des images miroir non superposables l’une de l’autre, comparables à une main gauche et droite – elles ont les mêmes composants (ou doigts) mais ne peuvent pas être superposées.
Dans la nature, c’est souvent une « main » que l’on retrouve. Les équivalents synthétiques fabriqués en laboratoire sont le plus souvent un mélange racémique (un rapport égal entre les formes gauche et droite du composé). Le test chiral permet de faire la distinction entre un mélange racémique et la présence d’une seule des formes gauche ou droite.
Il existe plusieurs méthodes qui permettent d’examiner la chiralité d’un composé. La plus simple d’entre elles est la rotation optique – la forme gauche fera tourner la lumière dans une direction et la forme droite fera tourner la lumière de la même quantité mais dans la direction opposée. Un mélange racémique ne fera pas tourner la lumière du tout, car les rotations des formes gauche et droite s’annulent. En comparaison avec une valeur de référence, la pureté chirale peut être déterminée.
## Spectrométrie de masse à rapport isotopique (IRMS)
Les éléments peuvent exister dans différents isotopes – avec le même nombre de protons mais un nombre différent de neutrons et par conséquent une masse atomique différente. Par exemple, l’isotope de carbone le plus abondant naturellement est le carbone 12, contenant 6 protons et 6 neutrons. Cependant, le carbone 13, avec 6 protons et 7 neutrons, existe également mais en moindre abondance. La mesure du rapport entre les différents isotopes d’un élément particulier permet d’obtenir de nombreuses informations sur la source de l’échantillon et c’est pourquoi elle est largement utilisée dans différents domaines : authentification du miel, identification des sources de pollution par les nitrates, etc.
Les rapports isotopiques peuvent être mesurés à l’aide d’un spectromètre de masse à rapport isotopique qui ionise les échantillons et les envoie à travers un champ magnétique. Les molécules sont déviées différemment selon leur masse et sont ensuite captées par un détecteur. En comparant avec une valeur authentique pour l’échantillon, différents rapports isotopiques peuvent révéler la présence de tout corps étranger qui fausserait le rapport.
## Analyse du carbone 14
L’une des méthodes d’[adultération des produits naturels](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels.html) (d’origine végétale ou animale) consiste à utiliser la version synthétique dérivée de la pétrochimie, souvent moins chère. Celle-ci peut avoir une composition chimique identique à celle de la source naturelle, mais l’adultération peut être détectée à l’aide de l’analyse au carbone 14. Isotope du carbone faiblement radioactif, le carbone 14 se désintègre avec le temps selon la loi de la désintégration radioactive. Dans le cadre du cycle du carbone, tous les êtres vivants ont un niveau connu de carbone 14, alors que les composés dérivés de la pétrochimie sont hors du cycle du carbone depuis suffisamment longtemps pour ne contenir aucun carbone 14. Ainsi, en mesurant la teneur en carbone 14 d’un produit, ses sources issues de la pétrochimie peuvent être distinguées des sources végétales ou animales. Les analyses au carbone 14, cependant, ne permettent pas de faire la distinction entre les différentes sources naturelles, par exemple entre les matières d’origine végétale et animale.
Le carbone 14 est mesuré à l’aide d’un spectromètre de masse à accélérateur qui fonctionne sur des principes similaires à un spectromètre de masse standard décrit ci-dessus. La principale différence est qu’il accélère les ions à une vitesse beaucoup plus élevée avant qu’ils n’atteignent le détecteur, ce qui permet la détection d’isotopes à très faible abondance, par exemple en séparant et en détectant le carbone 14 par rapport au carbone 12 et au carbone 13.
### Conclusion
Les acteurs de l’industrie des produits naturels disposent aujourd’hui d’un large panel de méthodes d’analyse leur permettant de garantir l’authenticité de leurs matériaux. Ceci ne constitue bien évidemment pas une garantie de sécurité. En utilisant différentes méthodes d’analyse qui permettent de détecter différents problèmes, le contrôle de la qualité se trouve amélioré.
**Références :**
G. Downey (ed.), 2016, Advances in Food Authenticity Testing, Amsterdam: Woodhead Publishing.
Zawirska-Wojtasiak, R, 2006, Chirality and the Nature of Food Authenticity of Aroma, Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 5, pp. 21 – 36.
---
La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le mardi 10 avril 2018
**Ces sujets pourraient également vous intéresser :**
[Authentification des ingrédients alimentaires d’origine naturelle avec l’analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/ingredients-alimentaires-analyses-carbone-14/)
[Étude de cas sur le curcuma : vérification des allégations « naturelles » par l’analyse du carbone 14 et HPLC](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcuma-c14-hplc-analyses/)
[Huperzine A “Naturelle vs Synthétique”](https://www.betalabservices.com/huperzine-a-naturelle-vs-synthetique/)
[Récipients et emballages biosourcés dans l’industrie cosmétique](https://www.betalabservices.com/emballages-biosources-cosmetique/)
**Categories:** French Articles
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### [USDA認証バイオベース入浴グッズの見分け方](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-usda-certified-biobased-product/)
**Published:** March 16, 2018
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
近年、天然成分配合のパーソナルケア用品が消費者から好まれる傾向にあります。そこで、米国農務省（USDA）は、BioPreferred Labeling Programに入浴グッズといったパーソナルケア用品を含めました。これは、消費者が工業用の原料と、自然由来原料で作られているものを簡単に見分けるためです。 USDAによって認証されたバイオ素材の入浴グッズにはBioPreferredラベルが付いています。
## USDA認証のバイオベース製品
バイオベースの製品の [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) 認証は、第三者機関によるバイオベース含有量試験と検証に基づいて行われます。そして認証を受けると、”**USDA Certified Biobased Product**“（USDA認定バイオベース製品）という文言と共に、製品のパッケージやマーケティング活動にUSDAのバイオベースラベルを使用することができます。また、 Federal Procurement Preference Program 連邦バイオベース製品の優先調達プログラム）の一環であるとして、”FP”という文字がラベルに記されます。
## 入浴グッズ：バイオベース含有率61％
BioPreferred Programでは、入浴グッズは液体やジェル、固形石鹸といった個人向けのケアグッズは対象としていますが、ハンドクリーナーまたはハンドサニタイザー（手指消毒用の除菌アルコールなど）として市販されている製品は除外します。ボディウォッシュまたはクレンジングローションはこのカテゴリに含まれています。
販売している入浴グッズのUSDAバイオ優先プログラムによる認証を得ることを希望するメーカーは、[ASTM D6866分析 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)で測定する際、少なくとも61％バイオベースで製造する必要があります。 ただし、USDAはバイオベースのコンテンツの割合が高ければ高いほど優れた機能や安全性、環境への影響を示すわけではないことを明言しています。
入浴グッズをバイオベースとするには、バイオ素材を原料とした界面活性剤、精油、フレグランスなどを成分として含有させるのがよいでしょう。
**バイオベースの界面活性剤**
それぞれ異なる化学組成で構成されているものの、すべての入浴グッズは有効成分として界面活性剤を含んでいます。界面活性剤には石油化学原料が使われるの主流です。石油化学由来の成分にさらされると、表面レベルで皮膚刺激を引き起こし、体内で生理活性を乱す可能性があることが研究により指摘されています。 1
健康上のリスクの他に、石油化学製品由来の界面活性剤からの廃棄物も環境に害を及ぼす可能性があります。廃棄物が水域に排出されると、水生植物の生産性が低下し、食物連鎖のバランスが崩れます。そして、その水生動物が人間に食べられると、体内の界面活性剤の濃度が上がります。 1
再生可能原料から作られた界面活性剤はそれほど有害ではなく、石油由来の界面活性剤に匹敵する洗浄効果を示すと主張する研究もあります。再生可能原料は、はるかに低い生産コストでも生産できる可能性があり、石油化学製品以上のメリットがあることが証明されています。 2
## USDA BioPreferredプログラム
USDA BioPreferredプログラムは、バイオベース製品の購入と使用を促進することで、経済発展を促し、より多くの雇用を提供し、新しい市場を必要とされている商品に向けることを目的としています。 2014年の時点で、プログラムが直接的、間接的、および誘発的な要因となって、米国経済に3,930億ドルの付加価値と420万人の雇用といった経済的な影響をもたらしています。
なお、BioPreferredプログラムには現在97の製品カテゴリがあります。
**Sources:**
1\. Yuan, C. L. et al. (2014). Study on characteristics and harm of surfactants. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 6(7), 2233-2237. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
2\. Nagarajan R. (2013.). [‘Greener’ Surfactants from Bio-based Waste as Efficient Alternatives to Nonylphenol Ethoxylates](https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.highlight/abstract/9873/report/F). Retrieved March 16, 2018.
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*Beta Analyticは、USDA、BioPreferred ProgramまたはASTMと提携していませんが、 ISO 17025認定の試験所にてASTM D6866試験を行っています。BioPreferred Programの申請をご希望のお客様からのお問合せをお待ちしております。結果は5-7営業日でご報告いたします。より短い期間でご報告可能なサービスも利用可能です。価格に関するお問い合わせは [ラボ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)までご連絡ください。*
**Categories:** Japanese Articles
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### [Dutch Regulation Requires Carbon-14 Analysis for Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/)
**Published:** September 22, 2021
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
The Dutch Emissions Authority (Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit, NEa) is publishing a Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) Regulation, which takes effect starting October 1, 2021. The NEa is responsible for developing policies related to climate and renewable energy in the Netherlands.
## Carbon-14 Analysis Requirement
According to this regulation, Carbon-14 analysis is required to validate the accuracy of HVO and other fuels with [biogenic content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html). The NEa indicates a control tolerance of 3% of the expected value for blends of 25% or higher, which suggests that if the expected value is 100%, a minimum of 97% biogenic content will be required to validate the 100% claim. On the other hand, for blends lower than 25%, the expected value is 1%.
Under this framework, the NEa establishes the use of the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) method in accordance with [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) or [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) standards in the event that results using the Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) method is outside of the control tolerances accepted. Blends with 25% biogenic origin or higher and blends with 100% HVO tank/stream can also use Carbon-14 analysis by AMS or LSC.
## ISO 17025 accreditation
Starting July 1, 2022, the Carbon-14 testing must be performed by an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory. Accreditation must be done by the Dutch Accreditation Council (Raad voor Accreditatie, or RvA) or another accreditation body in the Netherlands.
Beta Analytic’s ISO 17025 accreditation is recognized by the Dutch Accreditation Council.
## What are HVOs?
The European Alternative Fuels Observatory (EAFO) describes Hydrotreated Vegetable Oils as straight-chain paraffinic hydrocarbons that are free of aromatics, oxygen and sulfur and have high cetane numbers. Commonly referred to as renewable diesel and Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA), HVOs are produced via hydroprocessing of oils and fats. HVOs have flexible feedstock requirements, which include a wide range of low-quality waste and residue materials.
HVOs have reduced nitrogen oxide emissions, better storage stability, and better cold flow properties when compared to FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) or biodiesel. HVO can be used in diesel engines and has been approved as an aviation fuel, according to the EAFO.
## Beta Analytic’s Fast, High-quality Carbon-14 Testing
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic provides **ASTM D6866** and **EN 16640** testing with standard turnaround time of 7 business days or less. Results are available online 24/7 with quality assurance reports.
The ISO 17025-accredited lab has performed ASTM D6866 testing since 2004. The lab joined the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96 in 2004 to help author the ASTM D6866 standard.
Beta welcomes any inquiries on Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) Carbon-14 testing. Please call (+1) 305-662-7760 or use this [contact form.](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Dutch Emissions Authority or the Dutch Accreditation Council.*
References:
Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit – HVO (accessed August 2023)
European Commission’s European Alternative Fuels Observatory – Advanced Biofuels: HVO (accessed September 2021)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels
---
### [Natural vs Synthetic - Turmeric Adulteration](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic/)
**Published:** July 9, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
A recent bulletin from the American Botanical Council highlights the key adulteration challenges facing turmeric, along with information about the market, safety considerations and scientific analysis. Turmeric adulteration was first reported in the 1970s. As the author Ezra Bejar, PhD, summarized, “the adulteration of this plant species is an extensive, complex and multifactorial enterprise driven by economic incentive”.
Turmeric as a dietary supplement has grown in popularity over recent years. This is largely owing to the active curcuminoid species it contains, notably [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html), which are reported to have health benefits including antioxidant properties and preventing cardiovascular disease. The high demand for turmeric and curcumin supplements has made these products susceptible to economically-motivated adulteration.
## Petrochemical-derived Curcumin
One adulteration method is the use of synthetic petrochemical-derived curcumin in place of natural, extracted curcumin. The synthetic curcumin can be sold for a third of the price, offering a significant financial incentive.
The bulletin states that [carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/food.html) is the most effective method to detect this type of adulteration as it can accurately differentiate between plant-derived and petroleum-derived material. According to Dr. Bejar, “with help of this analytical technology, industry laboratories can detect samples containing synthetic curcumin in the marketplace, a practice which is leading to legal battles and a re-definition of turmeric adulteration practices.”
There are two standards that can be used to determine the percentage of natural vs synthetic ingredients in turmeric powder and curcumin supplements – ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon (TC) or total organic carbon (TOC).
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## Turmeric Adulteration
Synthetic dyes such as metanil yellow and lead chromate are also on the radar for adulteration as they mimic turmeric’s distinctive yellow color. These dyes are a concern for the industry. According to the bulletin, addition of these colorants may pose a safety risk and these ingredients are not accepted food-coloring agents according to international regulatory authorities.
Other known turmeric adulterants include other Curcuma species containing curcumin, starches like cassava, talc or chalk powder.
The wide spectrum of adulteration practices paired with the various analytical techniques needed to detect them highlight the complexity and importance of stringent quality assurance for turmeric products and curcumin supplements.
## Beta Analytic – Natural vs Synthetic Testing
ISO/IEC 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides high-quality **carbon-14 testing** to detect synthetic petrochemical-derived adulteration of products claiming to be 100% naturally sourced. Beta Analytic reports results according to **ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2** depending on the client’s requested standard.
Reference:
E. Bejar, 2018, Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts, American Botanical Council, (accessed June 2018).
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Tax Credits for Renewable Chemical Producers in the US](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)
**Published:** April 7, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
To incentivize the production of chemicals made from renewable resources, some states have implemented tax credit programs.
## ![]()Iowa (Renewable Chemicals Production Tax Credit Program)
Tax credit — $0.05 per pound of renewable chemical produced
Annual limit — $1 million for startups and $500,000 for established businesses
Applicability — High-value chemicals derived from biomass feedstocks with at least 50% biobased content as measured by [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) (e.g. high-purity glycerol, oleic acid, lauric acid, methanoic or formic acid, arabonic acid, erythonic acid, glyceric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, 3-hydroxypropionate, propionic acid, malonic acid, serine, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, aspartic acid, 3-hydroxybutyrolactone, acetoin, threonine, itaconic acid, furfural, levulinic acid, glutamic acid, xylonic acid, xylaric acid, xylitol, arabitol, citric acid, aconitic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, lysine, gluconic acid, glucaric acid, sorbitol, gallic acid, ferulic acid, non-fuel butanol, non-fuel ethanol)
Excluded — Chemicals sold or used for food, feed or fuel
How to apply — Please contact the [Iowa Economic Development Authority](https://opportunityiowa.gov/business/financial-assistance/grants-funding/renewable-chemical-production-tax-credit)
Legislation — Senate Study Bill 3001 (enacted April 6, 2016)
Sources:
[Iowa Economic Development Authority Renewable Chemicals Production Tax Credit Program](https://opportunityiowa.gov/business/financial-assistance/grants-funding/renewable-chemical-production-tax-credit)
[The Iowa Legislature Senate Study Bill 3001](https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ba=SSB%203001&ga=86)
## 
## Kentucky (Renewable Chemical Production Program)
Tax credit — $0.05 per molecular pound of weight of renewable chemicals produced in Kentucky
Annual limit — $10 million (shared with the biodiesel and renewable diesel production tax credits per [KRS 141.422](https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/chapter.aspx?id=37674))
Applicability — The program applies to building block chemicals with at least 50% biobased content, including cellulosic ethanol, starch ethanol or other ethanol derived from biomass feedstock, fatty acid methyl esters, or butanol. The biobased content percentage should be determined using ASTM D6866 testing standard.
## [Read More](#collapseOne)
Excluded — Chemicals sold or used for the production of food, feed or fuel.
Note: The program also applies to building block chemicals that can be a food additive as long as it is not primarily consumed as food and is also sold for uses other than food. Additionally, supplements, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals are eligible but only to the extent that the molecules do not provide caloric value so as to be considered sustenance as food or feed.
How to apply — Please contact the [Kentucky Department of Revenue](https://revenue.ky.gov/Business/Pages/RenewableChemicalProductionTaxCredit.aspx)
Legislation — [Renewable Chemical Production Program – 302 KAR 4:010](https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/302/004/010/) (effective April 2020)
Sources:
[Kentucky House Bill 422 (PDF)](https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/recorddocuments/bill/19RS/hb422/orig_bill.pdf)
[Kentucky Department of Revenue – Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit](https://revenue.ky.gov/Business/Pages/RenewableChemicalProductionTaxCredit.aspx)
[Kentucky General Assembly – 302 KAR 4:010. Renewable Chemical Production Program](https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/302/004/010/)
## Maine (LD 1698)
Tax credit — $0.07 per pound of renewable chemical produced in the State
Higher tax credits are possible ($0.09-$0.12 per pound) for chemicals produced from forest-derived renewable biomass for companies that meet other criteria specified in the legislation.
Applicability — Substances sold or used to produce chemicals, polymers, plastics and formulated products with at least **95% biobased content** as determined by ASTM D6866 testing.
## [Read More](#collapseOne1)
Excluded — Substances used for food, feed or fuel, with limited exceptions.
The following chemicals are considered as renewable under LD 1698:
1. Cellulosic sugars used to produce aquaculture feed;
2. A food additive, supplement, vitamin, nutraceutical or pharmaceutical that does not provide caloric value and is not considered food or feed; and
3. Cellulosic ethanol, levulinic acid or similar chemicals when sold for use or for production of fuel additives in blends with gasoline or residential heating oil.
LD 1698 also reinstates the tax credit for commercial production and use of biofuels.
How to apply — Please contact the [Maine Department of Economic and Community Development](https://www.maine.gov/decd/)
Legislation — LD 1698 – An Act To Create Jobs and Slow Climate Change by Promoting the Production of Natural Resources Bioproducts (enacted March 18, 2020)
Source:
[129th Maine Legislature – LD 1698, HP 1213](https://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/display_ps.asp?ld=1698&PID=1456&snum=129)
## Minnesota (Renewable Chemical Production Incentive)
Tax credit — $0.06 per pound of chemicals produced from cellulosic biomass, $0.03 per pound of chemicals produced from cellulosic sugar, starch, oil or animal fat
Annual limit — payments equal to 99,999,999 pounds of renewable chemicals production
Applicability — For this incentive “biobased”’ means, “a chemical, polymer, monomer, or plastic that is not sold primarily for use as food, feed, or fuel and that has a biobased percentage of at least 51 percent as determined by testing representative samples using American Society for Testing and Materials specification D6866.” New entities seeking eligibility will be required to submit testing starting from April 1, 2023. At least 80 percent of the biomass used must be sourced from Minnesota. Chemicals can be stored with fossil-derived chemicals if testing is done to prove eligible biobased portions.
## [Read More](#collapseThree)
Entities receiving the incentive are eligible for a 20% boost for pounds of chemicals produced from perennial or cover crops.
How to apply — Please contact the [Minnesota Department of Agriculture](https://www.mda.state.mn.us/environment-sustainability/renewable-chemical-production-incentive-program#:~:text=Payment%20Amount%20and%20Limits,%2C%20oil%2C%20or%20animal%20fat.)
Legislation — 2022 Minnesota Statute 41A.17 – Renewable Chemical Production Incentive
Sources:
[2022 Minnesota Statute 41A.17](https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/41A.17)
[MN Department of Agriculture Renewable Chemical Production Incentive Program](https://www.mda.state.mn.us/environment-sustainability/renewable-chemical-production-incentive-program)
## Nebraska (Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit Act)
Tax credit — $0.075 per pound of chemical produced for qualifying eligible chemical businesses
Annual limit — $1.5 million per eligible business.
DED may certify up to $3 million in tax credits per calendar year for 2022 and 2023 and up to $6 million in tax credits per calendar year for 2024 and beyond.
## [Read More](#collapseTwo)
Applicability — Renewable chemicals with a significant biobased content that can be used for products including polymers, plastics, food additives, solvents, intermediate chemicals, or other formulated products with a significant non-fossil carbon content.
Renewable chemical includes:
1. Biobased chemicals that can be a food, feed, or fuel additive;
2. Supplements, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.
Excluded — Any chemical sold or used as fuel.
LB 1107 also includes a property tax reform that will benefit biofuel plants, among others.
Eligibility – applicants must: (i) produce at least one million pounds of renewable chemicals in Nebraska during the calendar year for which tax credits are sought, (ii) be physically located in Nebraska, (iii) have organized, expanded, or located in Nebraska on or after January 1, 2021, and (iv) be compliant with all agreements entered into under the Act and any other tax credit or programs administered by Nebraska’s Department of Economic Development (DED) or the Nebraska Department of Revenue.
Each agreement will be one year and may be renewed for a second year unless terminated by either party.
Application must include – (i) the number of pounds of Renewable Chemicals produced in Nebraska by the Eligible Business during the calendar year for which tax credits are sought, (ii) the type of Renewable Chemicals produced, (iii) the aggregate sales of all Renewable Chemicals produced by the Eligible Business, (iv) a list of each type and the number of pounds of Biomass Feedstock used by the Eligible Business in the production of Renewable Chemicals in Nebraska, and (v) the number of employees of the Eligible Business that are located in Nebraska.
How to apply — Please contact the [Nebraska Department of Economic Development](https://opportunity.nebraska.gov/contact/), [application form](https://ne.amplifund.com/Public/Opportunities/Details/7aab0526-105e-4064-bfeb-dd3efd4b1d1b) opened March 2022.
Legislation — LB1107 – Adopt the ImagiNE Nebraska Act, Key Employer and Jobs Retention Act, Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit Act, Customized Job Training Act, Nebraska Transformational Projects Act, and Nebraska Property Tax Incentive Act and change and provide other related provisions.
Sources:
[Legislative Bill 1107 (enacted August 20, 2020)](https://nebraskalegislature.gov/bills/view_bill.php?DocumentID=41565),
[2022 Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit Act (RCTCA)](https://opportunity.nebraska.gov/programs/incentives/renewable-chemical-production/)
## SGS Beta’s Rapid ASTM D6866 Testing
ISO 17025-accredited SGS Beta has provided rapid, high-quality biobased content ASTM D6866 testing since 2004. The lab is one of the key developers of the **ASTM D6866 method**. The lab currently has two services – standard (results reported in 7 business days or less) and priority (results in 4 business days).
For inquiries, please email the lab using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html) or call (+1) 305-662-7760. We respond to inquiries promptly during business hours (8 AM-5 PM EST, Monday-Friday).
---
*Note: SGS Beta is not affiliated with any government agencies responsible for these programs. We can advise on ASTM D6866 testing but not on how to apply in these programs or claim tax credits.*
---
Page last updated: July 2025
**Categories:** Biobased Products, Biobased Regulations, Renewable Carbon
---
### [How Carbon-14 Analysis Enhances Garlic Oil Quality Control](https://www.betalabservices.com/garlic-oil/)
**Published:** November 14, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Garlic oil is vulnerable to economically motivated adulteration and misleading or false labeling. ISO 17025-accredited natural products testing lab Beta Analytic selected garlic oil as subject of a case study precisely because of these reasons and to highlight the need for strict quality control measures for essential oils.
Beta Analytic tested five garlic oil samples available in the market – four products marketed as natural and one labeled clearly as artificial garlic oil. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results showed that all five samples have the chemical composition of garlic oil. Only **carbon-14 analysis** was able to identify the presence of petrochemical-derived adulterants and verify the natural source of the samples.
Carbon-14 testing will enhance a manufacturer’s quality control measures by providing data that cannot be supplied by other tests often used in the industry to detect **adulteration.**
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article “Quality Assurance Testing: Is your Garlic Oil Natural?” published in Nutraceuticals World. The lab provided details on the GC-MS and Carbon-14 test results as well as a backdrop of garlic oil adulteration.
### Essential Oil Lab Beta Analytic
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality [natural vs synthetic essential oil testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) by carbon-14 analysis.
The ISO 17025-accredited lab has extensively worked on essential oils, flavors and supplements, among others. For inquiries, please use the lab’s [contact form.](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding facility")
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Case Studies, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Essential oil testing, Natural vs Synthetic
---
### ['Fit for 55' Policy Package Updates EU Climate Strategy](https://www.betalabservices.com/fit-for-55-policy/)
**Published:** September 14, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The Fit for 55 policy package is a set of proposals to revise and update European Union legislation in support of the EU’s target of reducing its net emissions by 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. While the Fit for 55 was first introduced in July of 2021, several of its key proposals have recently been passed and will take effect over the coming years.
**Content:**
The Fit for 55 policy package is a set of proposals to revise and update European Union legislation in support of the EU’s target of reducing its net emissions by 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. While the Fit for 55 was first introduced in July of 2021, several of its key proposals have recently been passed and will take effect over the coming years.
## **ETS Aviation Update**
In December of 2022, new **EU Emissions Trading System (ETS)** rules for aviation became the first policy of the Fit for 55 package to have an agreement reached. The major change implemented by the proposal was the phase out of free emissions allowances by 2026, with targets of reducing allowances for the aviation sector by 25% in 2024, 50% in 2025 and 100% from 2026 on. The agreement will further set aside 20 million free emissions allowances to promote sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) use through 2030.
The ETS’ carbon neutral designation for biogenic emissions will apply to SAF as well through this update. The program recommends [biogenic content testing following EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html) or equivalent standards to demonstrate compliance.
## **ReFuelEU**
Another major Fit for 55 initiative focused on aviation which recently reached agreement is the **ReFuelEU** directive, which sets mandatory SAF blending targets starting in 2025, with the goal of decarbonizing the sector by supporting both supply and demand. The agreement establishes a transitional period for fuel suppliers to meet the first set of blending mandates and will require aircraft operators to track the use of SAF in their flights to ensure compliance.
## **Other New ‘Fit for 55’ Agreements**
Several other significant policies which had agreements reached in this wave of Fit for 55 progress are the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the Social Climate Fund (SCF). These policies address a range of climate actions, including a new tariff on foreign goods from countries with lower carbon emissions standards (CBAM), raising the EU’s energy efficiency goal for 2030 by 9% (EED), and the creation of a pool of capital for supporting vulnerable households through the energy transition (SCF).
**References:**
- [“Fit for 55”](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/fit-for-55/#what) *Council of the European Union*
- [“European Green Deal: New Rules Agreed on Applying EU Emissions Trading System in the Aviation Sector.”](https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_7609) *European Commission*
- [“Council and Parliament Agree to Decarbonize the Aviation Sector.”](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/04/25/council-and-parliament-agree-to-decarbonise-the-aviation-sector/) *Council of the European Union.*
- [“Timeline: European Green Deal and Fit for 55”](https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/european-green-deal/timeline-european-green-deal-and-fit-for-55/) *Council of the European Union.*
Image Credit: Gerd Altmann from Pixabay
---
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Council of the European Union or the European Union Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme.
The Miami-based ISO 17025-accredited laboratory is committed to provide rapid, high-quality, and reliable **biogenic carbon content testing** using analytical standards like EN ISO 21644 and ASTM D6866.
For inquiries on testing fees and turnaround time, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels, Renewable Carbon
---
### [RFS Program Adds Biogenic Content Testing for Biogas and RNG](https://www.betalabservices.com/rfs-biogenic-content-testing-biogas/)
**Published:** August 9, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) passed the final version of its Renewable Fuels Standards Rule for 2023, 2024 and 2025, announcing the program’s volume targets and adopting a variety of other updates. One update included in the rule adds new testing requirements for biogas and renewable natural gas (RNG) seeking to generate renewable identification numbers (RINs) under the program.
**Content:**
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) passed the final version of its Renewable Fuels Standards Rule for 2023, 2024 and 2025, announcing the program’s volume targets and adopting a variety of other updates. One update included in the rule adds new testing requirements for biogas and renewable natural gas (RNG) seeking to generate renewable identification numbers (RINs) under the program.
## **RFS Background**
The EPA’s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program is the country’s national fuel standard program, started in 2005 and expanded to its current form in 2007. The program sets annual renewable volume obligations to progressively decrease the carbon intensity of the country’s fuel supply. The credits which drive the RFS are called renewable identification numbers and they are tied to tax incentives offered through the program. There were nearly 21.27 billion RINs generated in 2022, up from about 19.93 billion in 2021.
## What’s New?
The largest portion of the Set rule focuses on the final volumes selected and the rationale behind them because this will create the precedent for future EPA volume setting under the RFS.
The most significant update to biogenic content requirements under the program applies to biogas and RNG. The EPA defines biogas as the precursor to RNG.
Prior to this new rule, neither biogas nor RNG were required to demonstrate their biogenic content to the program because they were explicitly excluded from the program’s list of biointermediates. By removing the exemption from this category, the Set rule applies all of the requirements of biointermediates to biogas, including three-year engineering reviews and recordkeeping requirements.
Previously, only these materials were eligible as biointermediates – Biocrude, Biodiesel distillate bottoms, Biomass-based sugars, Digestate, Free fatty acid (FFA) feedstock, Glycerin, Soapstock, or Undenatured ethanol.
## Biogenic Content Testing for Biogas
Going forward, any fuels produced from biogas and RNG must submit [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) test results to generate RINs. All three-year engineering reviews of facilities upgrading biogas to RNG will be required to provide certificates of analysis (COAs) from an independent laboratory for their biogas at the digester or landfill, their RNG prior to the addition of any non-renewable components, and their RNG after it is blended with non-renewable components. Out of consideration for a timely registration process, RNG producers will be required to submit these COAs at their engineering reviews, rather than upon registration.
The rule also specifically requires ASTM D6866 as one of the standards that “must be used when measuring biogas properties,” and includes stringent recordkeeping requirements for biogas and RNG biogenic content measurements, which must be reviewed by third-party auditors under the RFS Quality Assurance Plan. The section of the Set rule focused on new biogas and RNG testing concludes, “that this requirement is necessary to ensure that RINs are only generated from renewable biomass.”
**References:**
2023\. “Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Program: Standards for 2023-2025 and Other Changes.”
2023\. “Renewable Fuel Standard.” Environmental Protection Agency
2023\. “Final Renewable Fuels Standards Rule for 2023, 2024, and 2025.” Environmental Protection Agency
Voegele, E. (2023, January 19). [EPA: 2022 RFS RIN generation reaches 21.27 billion. ](https://ethanolproducer.com/articles/epa-2022-rfs-rin-generation-reaches-21-27-billion-19901)*Ethanol Producer Magazine*
---
*Beta Analytic is committed to provide high-quality, reliable biogenic carbon content testing to fulfill regulatory requirements. The lab is not affiliated with the US EPA or the Renewable Fuel Standard Program.*
[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels
---
### [Three Examples of USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-products-examples/)
**Published:** May 16, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** At Beta Analytic, we test a variety of industrial and end-consumer products for certification under the USDA BioPreferred® Program. As both innovators in the laboratory testing field and supporters of biobased products, we’ve had plenty of exciting opportunities to see new products entering the market.
**Content:**
At Beta Analytic, we test a variety of industrial and end-consumer products for certification under the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html). As both innovators in the laboratory testing field and supporters of biobased products, we’ve had plenty of exciting opportunities to see new products entering the market. In many cases, these are products that people would not have previously consider as biobased, and it is a testament to extensive industry innovation that we can now see such a broad range of products using ingredients from renewable sources.
Any manufacturer considering the move to biobased materials, or any consumer wondering how biomass is used in common products, will find this list of three BioPreferred Program product categories to be quite interesting, and maybe even inspiring.
All products categories covered here can be found on the [USDA BioPreferred Catalog](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml).
## Lubrication Products for Automotive and Industrial Use
Lubricants have traditionally been some of the most environmentally destructive products in existence. Lubricants based on petroleum oil have been some of the worst offenders. Not only is the production of these products sometimes environmentally destructive, but they do not break down easily and have to be disposed of correctly so that they don’t contaminate soil and water sources.
Today, synthetics are being favored over traditional lubricants and motor oils, and they are in many cases more effective with better operating ranges. There are even lubricants made in part from **biobased** materials, and at Beta Analytic we find these to be amongst the most impressive products in the USDA BioPreferred program.
Even some of the largest petroleum companies have made an investment in biobased products. One market leader has a number of engine oils on the market under a flagship brand, some of which combine biomass and synthetic ingredients. These are high-performance lubricants, graded as 0W-20, 5W-20, and 5W-30. Synthetic blend products have been certified to be at least 25% biobased. In testing, the performance of these lubricants is on par with, and in some cases superior to, other products that don’t use biomass ingredients, making them great alternatives for industry and auto enthusiasts who are looking for environmentally friendly engine oils.
## Erosion Control Products
It seems fitting that erosion control and environmentally friendly products should come together. Erosion is a major issue around coastal areas, areas with heavy wind or water movement, or around any heavily deforested areas. Erosion control products like netting can be used to keep the landscape intact, and to retain the fertility of the natural soil.
Beta Analytic has observed an increase in erosion control products being certified for the **BioPreferred Program**, and this is a promising sign for the future of similar products, including landscaping and general gardening products. In this category, products need to be at least 77% biobased, meaning that the majority of all production materials come from natural renewable sources. Some of the products tested are made from blends of synthetic polymers and natural fibers, with coco fiber being popular with some manufacturers.
Using biological materials to create these products is not just important because of the eco-friendly nature of the materials but because the growth and harvesting of these materials could contribute to creating key American industries in the near and mid-term future.
## Cleaning and Custodial Products
Cleaning products are often associated with harsh chemicals, and this is true for some products on the market. With the BioPreferred Program, we are now seeing fewer harsh chemical-based cleaners and an increasing number of products that are created from natural and ecologically friendly materials.
One of the leading innovators currently creates adhesive and graffiti removers for industrial and public use. These products can be used to clean public spaces or to remove adhesives, paint, and other residues from industrial areas. Looking at the BioPreferred Catalog, it’s possible to find products made up of at least 66% biobased materials, and they’re low VOC and safe for use with only lightweight breathing protection.
It’s important that manufacturers continue to develop products like these so that we can see a decreased reliance on the harsh chemicals that have been used in cleaners in the past. There are hundreds of cleaning products that use natural ingredients today, and the BioPreferred Program will help to improve consumer awareness while also helping the companies that have chosen to invest in more sustainable products and production methods.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## Beta Analytic for Biobased Content Testing
Products are tested as per [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) standard as part of the BioPreferred Program. Beta Analytic’s advanced Carbon-14 lab can accurately identify the percentage of biobased material in a new product and its packaging.
In the future, biobased products will become even more competitive, and Beta Analytic is the best lab to ensure that your products are tested in compliance with all standards required by the Program.
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing. For price and turnaround time inquiries, please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)*.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [USDA Certified Biobased Label for Bathroom and Spa Cleaners](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-biobased/)
**Published:** January 5, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Biobased bathroom and spa cleaners are examples of products that may carry the USDA Certified Biobased Product label if they meet the USDA BioPreferred Program's requirements.
**Content:**
Created by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the **USDA BioPreferred Program**® promotes the use and purchase of biobased products by federal agencies and the public. Manufacturers of biobased products can be certified under the Program as long as they meet the minimum biobased content requirement set for each product category. Biobased bathroom and spa cleaners are examples of products included in the program.
Traditional cleaning products that contain a variety of chemicals are often associated with many environmental and health problems.1 Consumers are becoming more aware of these risks and are giving natural products a try. This shift in perception encourages manufacturers to create products made from agriculture, feedstocks, or forestry that consumers would want to buy and use.
With the rapidly growing consumer awareness of the health risks and the depleting supply of fossil fuel, **biobased products** are forecasted to see a huge growth over the next 10 years. Government policies promoting eco-friendly and naturally derived products are going to significantly drive the market even further.2
## Bathroom and Spa Cleaners – 74% Biobased Content
The USDA BioPreferred Program describes bathroom and spa cleaners as products designed to clean or stop dirt buildup on surfaces found in bathrooms and spas including shower stalls, shower curtains, shower doors, bathtubs, tile floors, countertops, and many others. They can come in both concentrated and ready-to-use forms such as sprays.
For bathroom and spa cleaner products to be accepted in the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html), they must be at least 74% biobased as measured by [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) analysis. These biobased cleaning products are made in large part of plant-based surfactants, natural fragrances and water.
Cleaning products are typically composed of various chemicals such as ammonia, phosphates, synthetic dyes and other ingredients. The petroleum-based raw materials being used to make the cleaning products are often the primary causes of concern for health safety considering the many ways people can be exposed to them. 3 Biobased bathroom and spa cleaners ideally get rid of all the harmful chemicals and replace the petrochemicals with ingredients sourced from plants.
## USDA BioPreferred Program
The Program currently has 97 product categories. As of 2014, its economic impact includes $393 billion value added to the U.S. economy and 4.2 million jobs through direct, indirect and induced contributions.5
---
*ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA, the BioPreferred Program or ASTM. The lab provides fast ASTM D6866 testing and welcomes inquiries from interested parties including USDA BioPreferred Program applicants. Results are reported in 7 business days or less. A faster service is also available. Please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for price inquiries.*
---
**References:**
1\. Martínez-Peña RM, Hoogesteijn AL, Rothenberg SJ, Cervera-Montejano MD, Pacheco-Ávila JG (2013) [Cleaning Products, Environmental Awareness and Risk Perception in Mérida, Mexico](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0074352). PLoS ONE 8(8): e74352 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074352
2\. Inkwood Research. Global Bio-Based Chemicals Market Forecast (Accessed January 2018).
3\. Zota AR, Singla V, Adamkiewicz G, et al. [Reducing chemical exposures at home: opportunities for action](https://jech.bmj.com/content/71/9/937). Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2017;71:937-940
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-208676
4\. [USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml) (Accessed January 2018)
5\. USDA BioPreferred Program. [An Economic Impact Analysis of the U.S. Biobased Product Industry: 2016 Update (PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BPResources/files/BiobasedProductsEconomicAnalysis2016FS.pdf) (Accessed January 2018)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** Biobased Products, BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Hair Care Products in the USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-hair-care/)
**Published:** February 7, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Hair care products manufacturers can participate in the USDA BioPreferred Program as long as they meet the product category's minimum biobased content and other requirements.
**Content:**
The consumer perception of traditional hair care has been changing over the last few years, as evidenced by increasing demand of more natural products that provide healthier and better results. This growing trend shifts the business focus to producing greener eco-friendly products that are, in large part, made of biological materials from agriculture, forestry or feedstocks. Manufacturers can then apply to have these products certified under the **USDA BioPreferred Program**, where they must meet or exceed the minimum biobased content percentage for that specific product category.
This article provides a brief comparison of biobased hair care products versus its traditional counterparts, lifting examples from the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) product categories for hair care.
## **Shampoo – 66% Biobased Content**
According to the **USDA** **BioPreferred Program**, all products whose primary purpose is to clean hair belong to this product subcategory. Shampoos with conditioner need to meet the required [biobased content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) level for shampoos to be certified under the program.
Traditionally, shampoo contains synthetic petrochemical-derived detergents or surfactants as primary cleansers. Preservatives, fragrance and a number of extra ingredients are added to complete the product. Some studies have discovered that many of these synthetic ingredients are harmful, possibly causing irritation and damage to certain body organs.
Companies looking to get their shampoo products to carry the **USDA Certified Biobased Product Label** must meet the 66% minimum biobased requirement measured by [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) analysis. A large part of the ingredients used to make these biobased shampoos are organic plant extracts, oils, and preservatives, promising healthier hair free of any risks.
## **Hair Conditioners – 78% Biobased Content**
Hair conditioner is a product meant to improve and smoothen the texture of hair preventing split ends, breakage, and hair loss. It is often applied after using shampoo to contain nutrients in and create a barrier for everything that is hair damaging like grime and pollutants. These are products whose specific purpose is to improve hair condition.
Composition of conditioners differ with regards to its functionality. Some of the ingredients often found in conditioners include oils/emollients, surfactants, polymers like hydrolyzed amino acids, emulsifiers and waxes which serve as thickeners. Similar to shampoos, conditioners may also contain petrochemical-derived ingredients, e.g. paraffin wax. Natural oils often used in conditioners include jojoba oil, olive oil and grape seed oil.
For hair conditioner products to be certified under the USDA BioPreferred Program, they must meet the 78% minimum **biobased content** requirement. Certified products usually contain natural or organic ingredients that are not only safer for the environment but also for users.
Innovations in the hair care industry are highly advantageous for consumers who worry about the problems the product they use may cause. The United States and Europe are pushing large scale use of organic ingredients in the production of personal care products, including hair care to meet the changing perception of consumers. Experts are predicting the industry’s growth in the upcoming years. In addition, rising disposable income in Asia Pacific countries also mean that these products will be profitable in that region in the next few years. According to market research news service Fractovia, one trend that could drive the growth of the hair care industry is the development of multi-functional products, e.g. shampoo, conditioner, and hair moisturizers rolled into one.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased hair care products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## USDA BioPreferred Program
The USDA BioPreferred program aims to grow and develop the market for biobased products by informing consumers, reaching out to manufacturers, and directing federal agencies to purchase them. Reports show that the program has significantly helped boost the local economy and provide millions of jobs. As of February 2018, the Program has 97 product categories. There are also biobased products in the **BioPreferred Catalog** deemed to be deserving of “serious purchasing consideration” but has not yet included in the mandatory purchasing categories.
References:
USDA BioPreferred Program [Product Categories](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml) as of February 2018
Indian Journal of Dermatology (2015). Shampoo and Conditioners: What a Dermatologist Should Know?
doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.156355
[Fractovia Industry Report](https://www.fractovia.org/news/industry-research-report/personal-care-ingredients-market) (2017). Europe Personal Care Ingredients Market to be influenced by strict regulatory norms over 2017-2024 with regards to product utilization
---
*ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA BioPreferred Program. *The lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing* as part of the Program. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for price inquiries.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Bold Goals for U.S. Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biden-bold-goals-us-biotech-biomanufacturing/)
**Published:** May 17, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In March 2023, President Biden issued 10 Bold Goals for the U.S. Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing industries, expanding on his Executive Order issued September 12, 2022 on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy. While the 2022 Executive Order emphasized increasing market opportunities for biobased products, these bold goals provide key objectives for the U.S. bioeconomy.
**Content:**
In March 2023, President Biden issued 10 Bold Goals for the U.S. Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing industries, expanding on his [Executive Order](https://www.betalabservices.com/advancing-biomanufacturing-innovation/) issued September 12, 2022 on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy. While the 2022 Executive Order emphasized increasing market opportunities for biobased products, these bold goals provide key objectives for the U.S. bioeconomy.
The 2023 update provides specific goals to be achieved through a range of timelines in (1) transportation and stationary fuels, (2) chemicals and materials, (3) climate-focused agricultural systems and plants, and (4) carbon dioxide (CO₂) removal.
## Relevant Bold Goals include:
- Expand feedstock availability and produce more than 60 million metric tons of exhaust gas CO₂ suitable for conversion to fuels and products to minimize emissions and other sustainability challenges.
- Produce 3 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) by 2030 with at least 50-70% reduction in lifestyle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to conventional aviation fuel, with production rising to 35 billion by 2050.
- Develop technologies that will replace 50% of maritime fuel, off-road vehicle fuel, and rail fuel with low net GHG emission fuels in 20 years.
- In 5 years, produce greater than 20 commercially viable bioproducts with greater than 70% reduced life cycle GHG emissions over current practices.
- In 20 years, demonstrate and deploy cost-effective and sustainable routes to convert bio-based feedstocks into recyclable-by-design polymers that can displace >90% of today’s plastics and other commercial polymers at scale.
These biomanufacturing and biotechnology goals will face research and development challenges and require innovations to optimize various processes. Producing platform chemicals and final products with the greatest potential to reduce GHG emissions as well as generating new bio-based compounds for SAF production are among the top priorities for commercial success.
## **Measuring Biobased and Biogenic Carbon**
As biobased products and biofuel industries evolve, third-party laboratory testing using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) measurements allow manufacturers to validate biobased or biogenic carbon content. ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic offers biobased/biogenic testing with results available in 7 business days or less. [Contact Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for more information.
For full details see: [Bold Goals for US Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing (PDF)](https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bold-Goals-for-U.S.-Biotechnology-and-Biomanufacturing-Harnessing-Research-and-Development-To-Further-Societal-Goals-FINAL.pdf)
**You may also be interested in:**
– [Biogenic Carbon Testing in Regulations, Grants and Certification Schemes](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html)
– [Tax Credits for Renewable Chemical Producers in the US](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)
– [What is Carbon-Neutral CO₂?](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html)
*Photo credit: Pixabay*
[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Identifying Synthetic vs. Natural Fragrances](https://www.betalabservices.com/synthetic-vs-natural-fragrances/)
**Published:** August 2, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Beta Analytic’s marketing specialist Haley Gershon offers insight into identifying adulterated or synthetic materials to professionals in the fragrance industry. Adulteration of aroma materials, including essential oils and botanical ingredients, is increasingly becoming a concern in the fragrance industry as it is cheaper to use synthetic materials instead of natural ingredients. This leads to the use of fraudulent ingredients and dishonest labelling. Natural product testing using Carbon-14 is an effective option that has been used for more than a decade to identify petrochemical-derived materials and authenticate naturally sourced materials in fragrance ingredients and products.
Although many products can claim to be made of 100% **naturally sourced** ingredients, there is not always sufficient evidence to support these claims. Synthetic ingredients are a cheaper option as the fragrance industry grows. As these ingredients are not always easily discernible from their natural counterparts, their usage can go undetected in ingredients and final products, leading to mislabelling and the sale of synthetic materials to customers who are expecting truly natural products.
The ability to verify and authenticate the essential oils and botanical ingredients in fragrances can provide suppliers and manufacturers the upper hand in ensuring their label claims are accurate and their products meet the expectations of their customers. [Natural product testing using Carbon-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) can detect biobased, or naturally sourced, content of ingredients and products as well as reveal the presence of synthetic or petrochemical-derived materials.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Natural vs Synthetic Testing
The biobased content is measured using the ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 standardized methods by measuring Carbon-14 using an Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS). An ingredient containing completely biobased (or natural) content will result in a percentage of 100% while completely petrochemical-derived (or synthetic) ingredients will have 0% biobased content because they contain no Carbon-14. A blend of ingredients and compounds from both naturally sourced and synthetic sources will result in a percentage in between. Higher percentages indicate a greater concentration of naturally sourced materials in the sample.
As the demand for natural fragrances grows, options for authentication of ingredients becomes more valuable for professionals in the fragrance industry. Natural product testing using **Carbon-14** allows suppliers and manufacturers to substantiate their natural claims, identify adulteration in botanical ingredients, confirm label accuracy, and aid in quality control measures from formulation to final product.
Source:
Gershon, H. “Are Your Fragrances Truly Natural?” *Nutraceuticals Now* July 2019
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Natural Product Testing
---
### [Food Coloring - Natural or Synthetic?](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-food-color/)
**Published:** August 28, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The food industry has seen a greater demand for naturally sourced additives compared to synthetic ones, and this is particularly true for food coloring and dyes. Business consulting firm Grand View Research predicts that the natural food coloring market will reach USD 2.5 billion by 2025. As the market grows, being able to detect the use of petroleum-derived synthetic food coloring becomes an increasingly important requirement for businesses, in order to ensure the authenticity of food colors labeled as natural.
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies two groups of color additives used in food – those that require purity and composition testing followed by certification by the FDA and those that are exempt. Examples of both are shown in the table below. Certifiable color additives are primarily petroleum-derived and man-made, whereas color additives that are exempt from certification are often sourced from plants, animals or minerals. Regardless of the category, the FDA objects to the use of the label “**natural color**” for coloring added to food no matter its source. The FDA’s reasoning is that any coloring added to a food is not naturally present in that food and therefore cannot be termed “natural”.
| **Food Color Additives Subject to Certification by the US FDA (21 CFR 74, Subpart A)** | **Food Color Additives Exempt from Certification by the US FDA (21 CFR 73, Subpart A)** |
|---|---|
| FD&C Blue No. 1 | Annatto Extract |
| Citrus Red No. 2 | Grape Color Extract |
| FD&C Yellow No. 5 | Carrot Oil |
| FD&C Yellow No. 6 | Turmeric |
In the European Union permitted food additives, including food colorings, are listed in Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1129/2011. Labelling regulations require the E number for the additive to be included on the label. Although consumers tend to associate E numbers with artificial additives, both natural and synthetic food coloring have an E number. Despite this misconception, being able to **verify natural** or petroleum-derived sources is still relevant for businesses. It can be used for internal quality assurance and to inform consumers that their product uses plant-derived rather than synthetic petroleum-sourced additives.
Many popular food colorings are commercially sourced from petrochemicals, e.g. Sunset Yellow also known as FD&C Yellow No. 6 and E110. This coloring has been the subject of health concerns, and the EU now requires a warning to be included on the label for any food containing Sunset Yellow. Being able to detect the presence of such synthetic compounds can be a key **adulteration detection method** for products claiming to contain only natural food coloring.
## Natural Product Screening for Food Coloring
While there are regulatory restrictions on the use of the “natural” label for food coloring, moving away from the use of petroleum-derived synthetic colors is still in line with the overall consumer trend for naturally sourced products. Being able to confirm that no petroleum-derived food colorings have been used in natural labeled products is therefore important for quality assurance and for accountability to consumers.
Natural product testing using the **Carbon-14 method** is able to distinguish between plant-derived and petroleum-derived material. Reporting according to analytical standards ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2, the percentage of biobased carbon can be measured accurately and is a clear indication of the presence of any petrochemical-sourced materials.
### Beta Analytic – Natural Product Testing Laboratory
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides high-quality [natural product screening](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) according to standards ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2 using the Carbon-14 method. For inquiries, contact Beta Analytic or call a [local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding office").
**References:**
Basu J. 2015. [Demand for ‘natural’ drives Europe’s food colouring growth](https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2015/04/13/Europe-s-food-colouring-market-to-grow-to-423.26m "Demand for ‘natural’ drives Europe’s food colouring growth"). (Accessed August 2017).
Eur-Lex. 2008. [Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333 "Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives"). (Accessed August 2017).
Eur-Lex. 2011. [Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011 of 11 November 2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union list of food additives](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32011R1129 "Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011 of 11 November 2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union list of food additives"). (Accessed August 2017).
Gov.uk. Date unknown. [Food labelling and packaging](https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging/food-and-drink-warnings "Food labelling and packaging"). (Accessed 2017).
Grand View Research. 2017. [Natural Food Colors Market Size To Reach $2.50 Billion By 2025](https://www.grandviewresearch.com/press-release/global-natural-food-colors-market "Natural Food Colors Market Size To Reach $2.50 Billion By 2025"). (Accessed August 2017).
Kuntz LA. 1994. Natural Food Colors. (Accessed August 2017).
PubChem. Date unknown. [Sunset yellow](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/17730 "Sunset yellow"). (Accessed August 2017).
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2015. [CPG Sec. 587.100 Label Declaration of Certification-Exempt Color Additives](https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cpg-sec-587100-label-declaration-certification-exempt-color-additives "CPG Sec. 587.100 Label Declaration of Certification-Exempt Color Additives"). (Accessed August 2017).
U.S. Government Publishing Office. 2017. [Electronic Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Food and Drugs Part 73 – Listing of color additives exempt from certification](https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=aa0a302898959312ed2a0dfe4d6147a1&mc=true&node=sp21.1.73.a&rgn=div6 "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Food and Drugs Part 73 - Listing of color additives exempt from certification"). (Accessed August 2017).
U.S. Government Publishing Office. 2017. [Electronic Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Food and Drugs Part 74 – Listing of color additives subject to certification](https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=79a76b1d7e7a98ae9459d88005ab7058&mc=true&node=pt21.1.74&rgn=div5#sp21.1.74.a "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Food and Drugs Part 74 - Listing of color additives subject to certification"). (Accessed August 2017).
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Carbon-14 Testing can Verify if Ingredients are Naturally Sourced](https://www.betalabservices.com/naturally-sourced-supplements/)
**Published:** November 7, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
The rising consumer demand for naturally sourced supplements highlights the need to test botanical ingredients for potential adulteration, Beta Analytic’s Haley Gershon explains in a recent article published in Natural Products Insider.
Within the supplement and natural products industry, cases of **adulteration** are often due to intentions of economic gain, causing some companies to mislabel petrochemical-derived product ingredients as natural. Quality control departments are aware of the potential for ingredient adulteration and often turn to analytical methods like carbon-14 testing to address this industry challenge.
Products sourced only from plants, animals or microbiological materials tend to be more expensive in comparison to their petroleum-derived counterparts. This may lead manufacturers or distributors to fraudulently substitute biomass material with cheaper, petrochemical-derived ingredients and mislabel the counterfeit ingredients as naturally sourced.
**Carbon-14 testing** measures the exact percentage of carbon in a product that comes from biomass-based sources. All materials comprised of biomass sources contain a known amount of the isotope carbon-14, whereas fossil materials like petroleum have no carbon-14.
Carbon-14 testing of natural products is an established method according to standards such as ASTM International D6866 and International Organization for Standardization ISO 16620-2. These standards were developed to determine the biobased content of solid, liquid and gaseous material using carbon-14 analysis, applicable to several products including supplements, flavors, fragrances, foods and beverages.
Full Article: [Reduce botanical adulteration with carbon-14 testing](https://www.supplysidesj.com/labs-testing/reduce-botanical-adulteration-with-carbon-14-testing) (October 2019)
## High-Quality **Carbon-14 Results**
ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic provides rapid, high-quality carbon-14 analysis of supplements, nutraceuticals, and other natural products using analytical standards **ASTM D6866** and **ISO 16620-2.**
For pricing and lab turnaround time inquiries, please contact Beta Analytic using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
---
### [Economic Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/economic-adulteration/)
**Published:** July 23, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In an article published recently in Nutritional Outlook, Beta Analytic’s Marketing Specialist Haley Gershon described the value of Carbon-14 testing in the food and flavors industry as a tool in identifying economic adulteration in natural products.
Adulteration of ingredients in the food and flavor industry is driven by economic factors and is often undetectable. The authentication of natural ingredients using **Carbon-14 analysis** is an effective and well-established method that can be used by suppliers and manufacturers to authenticate their natural ingredients, support label claims, and promote customer satisfaction.
![]()
Replacing biomass-sourced (biobased) ingredients with synthetic adulterants derived from petrochemical sources is often a cheaper option than using naturally sourced ingredients. These synthetic alternatives are not always detectable. Because Carbon-14 analysis can measure the percentage of **naturally sourced** versus petrochemical-sourced ingredients present in a product, it is a valuable tool in a company’s quality control procedure.
The biobased content of ingredients is determined using analytical standards ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2. An ingredient that is sourced completely from petrochemical inputs will have 0% biobased content. A product wholly sourced from plants will have a biobased percentage of 100%. A product with 50% biobased content has both naturally sourced and fossil-derived ingredients.
Carbon-14 analysis accurately detects the presence of petrochemical-derived inputs in any material but the test does not identify the specific adulterants that were added to the product.
For more information, please read the article [“Economic adulteration and the need for carbon-14 testing in the natural products industry”](https://www.nutritionaloutlook.com/view/economic-adulteration-and-need-carbon-14-testing-natural-products-industry) published in Nutritional Outlook on July 1, 2019.
## Fast Carbon-14 Analysis
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality carbon-14 analysis for various natural products including flavors, essential oils, supplements, food and beverages, among others.
For price and turnaround time inquiries, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing
---
### [Carbon-14 Testing Verifies “Natural” Claims in Supplements](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-supplements/)
**Published:** June 26, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In a recent publication, Beta Analytic’s marketing specialist Haley Gershon explains how Carbon-14 testing can be used to authenticate natural ingredients used in the supplements industry. As the market for supplements and vitamins grows, it becomes more and more important for suppliers to be able to substantiate claims that their products are “naturally sourced” to ensure label accuracy and quality control.
Many products claim to be 100% naturally sourced ingredients without evidence to support these claims. As the industry develops, synthetic ingredients are still used, leading to mislabeling of products and potential consumer deception.
Petrochemical-derived, synthetic ingredients are cheaper to produce and are not always easily discernible from their more expensive natural counterparts. **Carbon-14 analysis** of ingredients in supplements can be a beneficial tool for manufacturers and distributors to verify naturally sourced (biomass-derived) versus petrochemical-derived ingredients in their products to back up their claims.
## Carbon-14 Analysis
Quality control and assurance teams have used Carbon-14 analysis for years to verify whether ingredients are naturally sourced or petrochemical-derived. The biomass-derived versus fossil-derived content of supplements can be measured using the ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 standardized methods. Both standards use Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS).
Carbon-14 analysis results are reported as % Biobased Carbon. A result of 100% Biobased Carbon indicates that a material is entirely sourced from plants or animal by-products while 0 % Biobased Carbon indicates that a material did not contain any carbon from plants or animal by-products. A value in between represents a mixture of natural and fossil sources.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article [“Carbon-14 Authentication of Supplement Ingredients”](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2019/06/18/carbon-14-authentication-supplement-ingredients/) published in *Nutraceuticals Now* on June 18, 2019.
## Beta Analytic’s Fast Carbon-14 Services
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality **natural versus synthetic testing** by carbon-14 analysis. Based in Miami, Florida, the lab has extensively worked on nutraceuticals, supplements, essential oils and flavors, among others.
For inquiries, please contact the lab using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
---
### [Germany’s Emissions Cap Program Now Accepts Carbon-14 Biogenic Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/germany-fuel-emissions-trading-act-biogenic-content-testing/)
**Published:** August 18, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The Brennstoffemissionshandelsgesetz (BEHG) is Germany’s national emissions cap program. In 2023, the Federal Office of Justice (Bundesamt für Justiz) published an ordinance on emissions testing under the BEHG for 2023 to 2030. One result of this ordinance is that the program has started to recognize the biogenic portion of emissions from waste incineration, such as from coal facilities using co-firing and waste-to-energy (WtE) plants. As a result, operators of these plants reporting their emissions for 2023 will be able to use carbon-14 (C-14) testing results to quantify the biogenic portion of their emissions.
**Content:**
The Brennstoffemissionshandelsgesetz (BEHG) is Germany’s national emissions cap program. In 2023, the Federal Office of Justice (Bundesamt für Justiz) published an ordinance on emissions testing under the BEHG for 2023 to 2030. One result of this ordinance is that the program has started to recognize the [biogenic portion of emissions](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon.html) from waste incineration, such as from coal facilities using co-firing and waste-to-energy (WtE) plants. As a result, operators of these plants reporting their emissions for 2023 will be able to use **carbon-14 (C-14) testing** results to quantify the biogenic portion of their emissions. The BEHG will run until the [European Union Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme – EU ETS 2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-euets.html) is published and confirmed to be running well, most likely after December 31, 2026.
## BEHG Background
The BEHG was passed in December 2019 and came into effect starting in 2021. The program’s initial scope covered emissions from the heating and transportation sectors, with a goal of addressing all fuel emissions not regulated by the EU ETS. The program’s legislation set fixed prices through 2027, at which point the program will either transition to an auction based pricing system or adopt an expanded ETS that covers these sectors, which is already being negotiated in the European Parliament.
From 2021 onward, C-14 testing was one of the methods recommended to determine the **biogenic content** of some gaseous fuels, liquid fuels, and solid fuels.
## **Ordinance on Emissions Reporting 2023-2030**
The addition of testing requirements for waste incineration facilities such as co-firing and waste-to-energy plants as part of the program for the next reporting period means C-14 testing will be an accepted method for these facilities to demonstrate biogenic content. Under the new ordinance, waste incineration plants can test emissions either by continuous emissions monitoring (KEMS) or calculation factors (Berechnungsfaktoren).
For facilities testing using KEMS, a representative sample of flue gas should be tested for biogenic content, with C-14 testing following a standard such as [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html). For facilities using calculation factors to estimate biogenic content, C-14 testing of representative waste samples is an acceptable method for demonstrating the accuracy of the calculations.
The German Emissions Trading Authority (DEHSt) guidelines require analysis to be conducted by laboratories accredited by [DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025.](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**References**:
2023\. [“Creation Guide of Surveillance Plans and Emission Reports for Stationary Systems.”](https://www.dehst.de/SharedDocs/downloads/DE/stationaere_anlagen/2021-2030/Ueberwachungsplan-Emissionsbericht_Leitfaden.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=8) *Deutsche Emissionshandelsstelle (DEHSt)*
2023\. [“Ordinance on emissions reporting under the Fuel Emissions Trading Act for the years 2023 to 2030.”](https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/ebev_2030/index.html#BJNR286800022BJNE001000000) *Bundesministerium der Justiz*
---
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the Brennstoffemissionshandelsgesetz (BEHG), the German Emissions Trading Authority or the European Union Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme.
Miami-based Beta Analytic is an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory committed to provide rapid, high-quality, and reliable biogenic carbon content testing using analytical standards ISO 13833 and ASTM D6866.
For inquiries on testing fees and turnaround time, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
[Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**You might be interested in these articles:**
- [US Renewable Fuel Standards Program Adds Biogenic Content Testing for Biogas and Renewable Natural Gas](https://www.betalabservices.com/rfs-biogenic-content-testing-biogas/ "US Renewable Fuel Standards Program Adds Biogenic Content Testing for Biogas and Renewable Natural Gas")
- [Low Carbon Fuel Standard Programs in the US & Canada](https://www.betalabservices.com/low-carbon-fuel-standard-programs-us-canada/)
- [Renewable Carbon Testing in Regulations & GHG Initiatives](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels, Renewable Carbon
---
### [Authentifier le CBD naturel avec l'analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/authentifier-le-cbd-naturel-avec-lanalyse-du-carbone-14/)
**Published:** July 15, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Excerpt:** L'analyse de la naturalité par le carbone 14 est utilisée pour détecter la falsification des ingrédients en faisant la distinction entre les sources d'origine biologique et les sources issues de la pétrochimie. C'est devenu un outil très utile pour authentifier les ingrédients 100 % biosourcés à base de cannabidiol (CBD).
**Content:**
L’analyse de la naturalité par le carbone 14 est utilisée pour détecter la falsification des ingrédients en faisant la distinction entre les sources d’origine biologique et les sources issues de la pétrochimie. C’est devenu un outil très utile pour authentifier les ingrédients 100 % biosourcés à base de cannabidiol (CBD).
Fleur de Chanvre CBD
Crédit image : Norman Flecha (CC BY-SA)
Aux États-Unis, les articles cosmétiques contenant des ingrédients CBD sont soumis à la loi fédérale sur les aliments, les médicaments et les cosmétiques (U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act), qui considère qu’un produit est mal étiqueté si l’étiquette fournit des informations fausses ou trompeuses. Cela inclut les allégations de contrefaçon de CBD 100 % “d’origine naturelle”.
La société de cosmétique This Works utilise une vérification émanant d’un tiers pour s’assurer que ses ingrédients CBD proviennent de sources issues de la biomasse grace à une analyse isotopique qui vérifie que les ratios d’isotopes de carbone dans le produit sont représentatifs des niveaux de carbone modernes.
Pour plus de détails sur la façon dont This Works utilise **les analyses du carbone 14** pour s’assurer que l’ingrédient CBD utilisé dans leurs produits est biosourcé, veuillez lire l’article complet en anglais publié dans Nutraceuticals Now – [*Aperçu de la vulnérabilité du CBD à l’adultération et à l’étiquetage erroné, et comment authentifier le CBD “naturel”*](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2020/07/07/insight-cbds-vulnerability-adulteration-mislabeling-authenticate-natural-cbd/)
## **Beta Analytic – Laboratoire d’analyses du carbone 14**
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, fournit depuis des années une analyse du carbone 14 rapide et de haute qualité pour les industries nutraceutiques et cosmétiques. Le laboratoire est basé à Miami, en Floride, et dispose de plusieurs bureaux d’expédition dans le monde. Nous offrons également un support client en plusieurs langues.
Pour toute question sur les frais ou les délais d’analyse, veuillez contacter le laboratoire en utilisant ce [formulaire](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html).
---
Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
Extrait de la présentation de Beta Analytic lors du webinaire “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category” (“Gérer une croissance responsable tout en protégeant l’intégrité de la catégorie curcumine”)
*La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le 15 juillet 2020*
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Récipients et emballages biosourcés dans l'industrie cosmétique](https://www.betalabservices.com/emballages-biosources-cosmetique/)
**Published:** September 4, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Excerpt:** Les consommateurs de cosmétiques deviennent plus respectueux de l'environnement en optant pour des produits conditionnés dans des matériaux biosourcés, selon un article récent de HPC Today. Les emballages biosourcés sont fabriqués à partir de ressources de la biomasse telles que les plantes. Dans une enquête portant sur les options d'emballage, la majorité des personnes interrogées ont déclaré préférer les articles de marques avec des emballages respectueux de l'environnement. La valeur du marché mondiale des emballages en bioplastique, qui comprend les emballages cosmétiques, devrait atteindre 24,84 milliards de dollars d'ici 2026.
**Content:**
Les consommateurs de cosmétiques deviennent plus respectueux de l’environnement en optant pour des produits conditionnés dans des matériaux biosourcés, selon un article récent de HPC Today. Les emballages biosourcés sont fabriqués à partir de ressources de la biomasse telles que les plantes. Dans une enquête portant sur les options d’emballage, la majorité des personnes interrogées ont déclaré préférer les articles de marques avec des emballages respectueux de l’environnement. La valeur du marché mondiale des emballages en bioplastique, qui comprend les emballages cosmétiques, devrait atteindre 24,84 milliards de dollars d’ici 2026.
Les consommateurs sont également attentifs aux potentielles publicités mensongères destinées à tromper les consommateurs soucieux de l’environnement, et cherchent donc à vérifier le contenu biosourcé. Pour démontrer l’utilisation de matériaux biosourcés dans leurs emballages, les fabricants de cosmétiques postulent souvent pour des certifications biosourcées.
## Certification biosourcée et éco-étiquetages
Dans l’article “Biobased packaging for cosmetics (Emballages biosourcés pour les cosmétiques)”, la responsable marketing de Beta Analytic, Haley Gershon, explique que pour que les fabricants reçoivent la certification biosourcée, ils doivent d’abord soumettre des échantillons de leur matériau d’emballage pour une analyse du carbone 14 afin de confirmer le contenu biosourcé du matériau.
Mlle Gershon assure que les laboratoires d’analyse du carbone 14 sont des outils de vérification émanant d’un tiers auxquels les consommateurs peuvent faire confiance, fournissant des résultats conformes aux normes internationalement reconnues comme l’ASTM D6866**, **le CEN/TS 16137 ou l’ISO 16620**. À l’aide d’un spectromètre de masse par accélérateur, la quantité de carbone 14 est détectée dans un échantillon. Ainsi, un échantillon dépourvu de tout carbone 14 signifierait qu’il a 0% de contenu biosourcé.
Parmi les exemples de programmes de certification biosourcé, citons l’[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html)®, le [DIN-Geprüft Biobased Scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/din-certco.html) de l´allemand DIN CERTCO et le [programme OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ok-biobased.html) de TUV Austria, où les produits éligibles peuvent afficher de manière visible un logo de certification indiquant le pourcentage de contenu biosourcé du produit ou de son emballage.
L’article complet se trouve dans le volume 15(2) de l’édition de mars/avril 2020 de HPC Today, la revue internationale à comité de lecture par des pairs de “Household, Personal Care, Cleaning, Cosmetics and Dermatology”.
Crédit photo : Pixabay*
---
Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
Extrait de la présentation de Beta Analytic lors du webinaire “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category” (“Gérer une croissance responsable tout en protégeant l’intégrité de la catégorie curcumine”)
*La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le 25 mai 2020*
**Ces sujets pourraient également vous intéresser :**
[Vérification des produits naturels : l’analyse du carbone 14 est-elle nécessaire ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticite-methodes-analyse/)
[Authentification des ingrédients alimentaires d’origine naturelle avec l’analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/ingredients-alimentaires-analyses-carbone-14/)
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Huperzine A "Naturelle vs Synthétique"](https://www.betalabservices.com/huperzine-a-naturelle-vs-synthetique/)
**Published:** May 18, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Une étude de cas sur l’Huperzine A publiée dans le numéro de juin 2020 du magazine Nutraceuticals World montre comment un nutraceutique à base de plantes peut être vulnérable à la falsification via l’utilisation de composants synthétiques dérivés de ressources fossiles. L’huperzine A est un supplément diététique extrait du lycopode *Huperzia serrata.* L’étude de cas a utilisé deux méthodes pour détecter l’adultération des ingrédients — la chromatographie liquide à haute performance (HPLC) et l’analyse du carbone 14.
L’huperzine A est un ingrédient largement utilisé dans l’industrie des nutraceutiques à diverses fins, telles que l’amélioration des troubles de la mémoire. La taille du marché mondial de l’huperzine A devrait augmenter à un taux de croissance annuel composé de 6,68 % entre 2019 et 2024, selon Gen Consulting Company. En raison du coût élevé de l’Huperzine A naturelle, l’extrait de plante est vulnérable à la falsification. Afin de détecter l’adultération de l’huperzine A, les services de contrôle qualité soumettent souvent des échantillons à des analyses à des fins de vérification des ingrédients.
![]()
*Huperzia serrat*a
Crédit image : Cheng-Tao Lin (sous licence CC BY 4.0)
## **Etude de cas Huperzine A**
Trois marques différentes d’Huperzine A ont été soumises à la fois à des empreintes digitales HPLC, réalisées au laboratoire Nanjing Hup Chemical, et à des analyses au carbone 14, effectuées par Beta Analytic.
La méthode HPLC est une méthode de contrôle de la qualité utilisée pour séparer, identifier et quantifier les différents composants d’un mélange. L’analyse du carbone 14, en revanche, permet de différencier les ingrédients à base de plantes et les ingrédients dérivés de combustibles fossiles, et permet ainsi de confirmer la présence de composants synthétiques dérivés de la pétrochimie.
Alors que les résultats de l’empreinte HPLC ont démontré que la pureté de l’Huperzine A dans chaque échantillon était supérieure à 98 %, les résultats du carbone 14 ont confirmé la présence de composants dérivés de la pétrochimie dans les matériaux analysés. L’utilisation de l’analyse du carbone 14 pour l’Huperzine A est une étape clé dans les processus d’assurance et de contrôle qualité.
Plus d’informations sont disponibles sur le site <https://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com/issues/2020-06-01/view_features/detecting-adulteration-huperzine-a-case-study/>
AVIS DE NON-RESPONSABILITÉ : L’étude de cas est le fruit d’une collaboration entre Gao Yu (Beta Analytic) et Xin Ma (Nanjing Hup Chemical Co., Ltd.)*
Ces articles peuvent également vous intéresser :
- [Authentification des ingrédients alimentaires d’origine naturelle avec l’analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/ingredients-alimentaires-analyses-carbone-14/)
- [Huile de menthe poivrée naturelle vs synthétique – Comment détecter une adultération](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
- [Étude de cas sur le curcuma : vérification des allégations « naturelles » par l’analyse du carbone 14 et HPLC](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcuma-c14-hplc-analyses/)
- [Authentifier le CBD naturel avec l’analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/authentifier-le-cbd-naturel-avec-lanalyse-du-carbone-14/)
---
Avis de non-responsabilité : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
Extrait de la présentation de Beta Analytic lors du webinaire “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category” (“Gérer une croissance responsable tout en protégeant l’intégrité de la catégorie curcumine”)
*La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le mercredi 10 juin 2020*
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Natural vs Synthetic Peppermint Oil - How to Screen for Adulteration](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
**Published:** March 15, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In a recent issue of Perfumer & Flavorist, Beta Analytic Marketing Specialist Haley Gershon described how carbon-14 analysis can be used to screen for synthetic petrochemical-derived adulterants in essential oils like peppermint oil.
[Carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/oils.html) enhances an essential oil manufacturer’s quality control measures by providing data that cannot be supplied by other tests often used to detect adulteration. It provides analytical evidence that an essential oil is wholly sourced from biomass or contains petrochemical-derived ingredients or a mixture of both.
The method cannot identify the specific adulterants. It can only provide the percentage of the essential oil that comes from biomass (e.g. from plants or animals). If the essential oil has been adulterated with ingredients that are also sourced from biomass, **carbon-14 testing** is unable to distinguish or measure the percentage of the biomass-sourced adulterant in the material.
## Peppermint Oil Case Study
Beta Analytic tested five commercially available peppermint oils from different manufacturers. All five products claim to be **“100% natural peppermint oil”**. Based on the lab’s carbon-14 analysis results, only 3 of the products are 100% naturally sourced and have no evidence of synthetic petrochemical adulteration. One product is 49% natural while the other product is only 1% natural.
Carbon-14 test results are reported as **% biobased carbon**. A value of 100% biobased carbon would indicate that 100% of the carbon came from plants or animal by-products (biomass) living in the natural environment. A value of 0% biobased carbon would mean that all of the carbon was derived from petrochemicals, coal and other fossil sources. A value between 0-100% would indicate a mixture; the higher the value, the greater the proportion of naturally sourced components in the material.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article “[Authentication of Peppermint Oil”](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25) published in Perfumer & Flavorist Volume 44 March 2019 issue.
### **Carbon-14 Testing Laboratory Beta Analytic**
Based in Miami, Florida, ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality **natural versus synthetic testing of essential oils** by carbon-14 analysis. The lab has extensively worked on essential oils, flavors and supplements, among others. For inquiries on turnaround time or prices, please contact the lab using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Case Studies, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Verifying Natural Products: Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
**Published:** April 10, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
As natural products become more popular, so follows the increasing incentive for adulteration. There are many testing methods available to help authenticate natural products. However, owing to the complexity of many natural products and new adulteration methods, there is no single test that can guarantee 100% authenticity.
While there are several methods that can detect if a product contains adulterants from other natural sources, only **Carbon-14 analysis** can confirm if a material has synthetic, petroleum-sourced adulterants. Thus, to ensure that an ingredient doesn’t have both natural and petrochemical-derived adulterants, Carbon-14 analysis is a necessary tool for quality control.
## Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
GC-MS uses two different testing methods, namely gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography can separate complex volatile mixtures into its various components. By sending the components through a mass spectrometer, the compounds are ionized and broken into smaller fragments which the spectrometer will record the masses and relative amounts of. By comparing the resulting spectrum with a reference database, the composition and authenticity of a sample can be assessed. As a sensitive technique, GC-MS is popular for the testing of many products, including essential oils and fragrances.
## Chiral Testing
Chirality is a property of some molecules that relates to their 3D orientation in space. Chiral molecules (with one chiral center) exist in two configurations that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, comparable to a left and right hand – they have the same components (or fingers) but cannot be superimposed.
In nature, it is often one “hand” that is found. The synthetic equivalents made in a lab are more often a racemic mixture (an even ratio between the left and right-handed forms of the compound). Chiral testing is able to distinguish between a racemic mixture and the presence of just one of the left or right-handed forms.
There are several methods that can examine the chirality of a compound. The simplest of these is optical rotation – the left-handed form will rotate light in one direction and the right-handed form will rotate light the same amount but in the opposite direction. A racemic mixture will not rotate light at all, as the rotations from the left and right handed forms cancel. By comparison with a reference value, the chiral purity can be determined.
## Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS)
Elements can exist in different isotopes – having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons and consequently a different atomic mass. For example, the most naturally abundant isotope of carbon is carbon-12, containing 6 protons and 6 neutrons. However, carbon-13, with 6 protons and 7 neutrons, also exists though at a lower abundance. Measuring the ratio between different isotopes of a particular element can often reveal a lot about the source of the sample and is used widely from the authentication of honey to identifying sources of nitrate pollution.
Isotope ratios can be measured using an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer which ionizes samples and sends them through a magnetic field. Molecules are deflected differently depending on their mass and are then picked up by a detector. By comparing with an authentic value for the sample, various isotope ratios can reveal the presence of any foreign materials that would skew the ratio.
## Carbon-14 Analysis
One of the methods of [adulteration of natural products](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) (of plant or animal origin) is using the often cheaper petrochemical-derived synthetic version. This may be identical in chemical composition to the natural source but adulteration can be detected using carbon-14 analysis. A weakly radioactive carbon isotope, carbon-14 decays over time according to the law of radioactive decay. As part of the carbon cycle, all living things have a known level of carbon-14, whereas petrochemical-derived compounds have been out of the carbon cycle for a sufficiently long time that they do not contain any carbon-14. Thus, by measuring the carbon-14 content of a product, its petrochemical-derived sources can be distinguished from plant or animal sources. Carbon-14 testing, however, cannot distinguish between different natural sources, for example between plant and animal-sourced material.
Carbon-14 is measured using an Accelerator Mass Spectrometer which works on similar principles to a standard mass spectrometer described above. The key difference is that it accelerates the ions to a much higher speed before they reach the detector and this allows the detection of very low abundance isotopes, for example separating and detecting carbon-14 relative to carbon-12 and carbon-13.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
### Conclusion
The testing methods available today offer a great arsenal for those in the natural product industry to ensure the authenticity of their materials. This is of course not a fail-safe guarantee. By employing several testing methods that detect different issues, quality control is enhanced.
**References:**
G. Downey (ed.), 2016, Advances in Food Authenticity Testing, Amsterdam: Woodhead Publishing.
Zawirska-Wojtasiak, R, 2006, Chirality and the Nature of Food Authenticity of Aroma, Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 5, pp. 21 – 36.
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Biobased Products, Essential oil testing, Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Biden’s Executive Order on Biotech and Biomanufacturing](https://www.betalabservices.com/advancing-biomanufacturing-innovation/)
**Published:** September 28, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** On September 12, 2022, President Biden released a new Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy. This aims to accelerate America’s bioeconomy through a boost in sustainable biomass production and biobased products.
**Content:**
On September 12, 2022, President Biden released a new Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy. This aims to accelerate America’s bioeconomy through a boost in sustainable biomass production and biobased products. The order focuses on the impacts of climate change with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
## **Opportunities for Biobased Products**
The Executive Order includes a large emphasis on expanding market opportunities for biobased products. For example, by September 12, 2023, the Secretary of Agriculture intends to develop a plan supporting and encouraging domestic biomanufacturing to advance the U.S biomass supply chain.
Section 6 of the order discusses several initiatives on Biobased Products Procurement. This includes:
- Within two years of the Executive Order, contracting officers, purchase card managers, purchase card holders, and other appropriate staff within procuring agencies must complete training on biobased product purchasing.
- Within 180 days of the date of this order, procuring agencies will need to report their previous fiscal year data on the following items:
– the number and dollar value of contracts which include direct procurement of biobased products;
– the amount of service and construction contracts in place that mention the use of biobased products;
– the types and dollar values of biobased products which are actually used by contractors in service and construction and renovations.
- Within 1 year of this order, when new biobased product categories become commercially available, the Secretary of Agriculture will designate new product categories for Federal procurement purchasing preference.
- By 2025, procuring agencies should aim to increase the amount of biobased product obligations or dollar value of biobased-only contracts.
## **The Role of Carbon-14 Analysis for Biobased Products**
With the growing emphasis on biobased products, biobased product manufacturers will need to rely on a third-party testing laboratory to validate the content of biobased-derived material using carbon-14 testing. Verifying the use of biomass resources allows companies to clearly communicate to procuring agencies the biobased content of their products. Additionally, laboratory testing provides accurate data when applying for biobased certification programs, such as the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s BioPreferred® Program, facilitating product positioning in the biobased market.
ISO 17025-accredited lab Beta Analytic offers carbon-14 measurements with results available in 7 business days or less. [Contact Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for more information on biobased content testing.
For full details on the order: Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy
---
*Beta Analytic is committed to provide high-quality, reliable testing to fulfill the requirements of the USDA’s BioPreferred Program. The company is not affiliated with the USDA or the BioPreferred Program.*
---
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**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Carbon-14 Laboratory Beta Analytic is now part of SGS North America](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/)
**Published:** December 10, 2024
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** We’re excited to announce that Beta Analytic is now part of SGS North America.
**Content:**
We’re excited to announce that Beta Analytic is now part of SGS North America, a world leader in testing, inspection, and certification. With SGS’s global network of 2,600+ offices and labs, this partnership strengthens our ability to provide top-tier environmental testing solutions for you.
SGS’s commitment to quality and sustainability aligns perfectly with our own mission at Beta to provide accurate and reliable Carbon-14 testing for age dating and [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)/[biogenic content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html) validation. Together, we’ll be able to offer enhanced services and support, powered by SGS’s expertise and innovation.
Rest assured, our day-to-day operations remain unchanged and our clients will continue to receive the same reliable service from our team.
**Have Questions?**
If you’d like to know more about this partnership and the new possibilities it brings, feel free to reach out. You can also read the official press release [here](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sgs-north-america-expands-environmental-testing-services-with-beta-analytic-302295612.html).
Thank you for your trust and support. We look forward to serving you as part of the SGS network!
## Beta Analytic’s High-Quality Services
Our lab in Miami, Florida, offers two services for biobased or biogenic carbon content testing:
- Standard – results are reported in 7 business days or less
- Priority Service – 4 business days or less
We also accept natural ingredients for natural-sourced vs synthetic origin testing as well as hydrocarbon and fuel gases for radiocarbon determination.
**Categories:** SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Carbon-14 Testing is Useful in Growing Bioplastics Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/carbon-14-testing-bioplastics-industry/)
**Published:** March 11, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
There has been a rising demand for sustainable alternatives in place of conventional plastic material.
Production of biobased plastics allows for a more sustainable option since bioplastics are made from renewable sources (e.g. plant material) as opposed to petroleum-based ingredients, writes Beta Analytic Marketing Manager Haley Gershon in bioplastics MAGAZINE.
As a regulatory practice to ensure bioplastics meet [biobased content ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)thresholds, manufacturers opt to submit product samples to a **carbon-14 testing** laboratory for biobased content testing.
There is a growing list of countries, including Italy and France, with regulatory initiatives to enforce bans on single-use plastics and to require the manufacturing of biobased plastics. Regulations specify carbon-14 testing as a reliable method to verify the biobased content of such products.
For further details, please read the full article in bioplastics MAGAZINE \[06/14\] Vol. 9.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Biobased Labels and Authentication through Carbon-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-products-labels/)
**Published:** March 23, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Biobased product demand is seeing exponential growth over the years with market value expected to reach over $94 million by 2026. Biobased ingredients are used for a variety of applications such as personal care and cosmetics, packaging, pharmaceutical, biofuel, waste-to-energy, and food and beverage sectors.
The term **“biobased”** is defined as materials that are derived from biomass resources e.g. plants. The lack of a clear definition of **“natural”** has prompted industry stakeholders to use the term “biobased” on labels to demonstrate the use of plant-based sources.
Beta Analytic Marketing Manager Haley Gershon explains that as prices increase and consumer demand rises, the biobased market is exposed to ingredient fraud. Adulteration, the act of intentionally replacing plant-based ingredients with petrochemical-derived synthetics, is also on the rise. Analytical proof to authenticate biobased ingredients is therefore key.
## Biobased Content Testing by Carbon-14 Analysis
To confirm the biobased content of any material, techniques like carbon-14 testing are used. For instance, when it comes to analyzing **flavor and fragrance** samples, the analysis is standardized under ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2, both of which are used for determining the biobased content of samples through radiocarbon analysis. Suppliers, manufacturers and distributors can submit their flavor or fragrance samples to carbon-14 laboratories to receive a report detailing the biobased content of their products.
For further details, please read the article “The Natural Order: Biobased Flavors & Fragrances” in the March 2020 edition of Perfumer & Flavorist.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Biobased Containers & Packaging in the Cosmetics Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-packaging-cosmetics/)
**Published:** May 25, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Cosmetics consumers are becoming more environmental-friendly by opting for products that are packaged in biobased materials, according to a recent article in HPC Today. Biobased packaging is made from biomass resources such as plants. In a survey focusing on packing options, majority of respondents said they prefer items from brands with eco-friendly packaging.
**Content:**
Cosmetics consumers are becoming more environmental-friendly by opting for products that are packaged in biobased materials, according to a recent article in HPC Today. Biobased packaging is made from biomass resources such as plants. In a survey focusing on packing options, majority of respondents said they prefer items from brands with eco-friendly packaging. The global market value of bioplastics packaging, which includes cosmetics packaging, is expected to reach USD 24.84 billion by 2026.
Consumers are also alert to the potential deceitful advertising intended to mislead environmental-conscious consumers, and therefore seek to verify biobased content. To demonstrate the use of biobased material for packaging, cosmetic manufacturers often apply for biobased certifications.
## Biobased Certification & Ecolabels
In the article “Biobased packaging for cosmetics”, Beta Analytic’s marketing manager Haley Gershon explains that for manufacturers to receive biobased certification, they must first submit samples of their packaging material for carbon-14 analysis to confirm the material’s biobased content.
Ms. Gershon assures that carbon-14 analytical labs are third-party verification tools that consumers can trust, providing results according to internationally recognized standards like **ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 or ISO 16620.** Using an accelerator mass spectrometer, the amount of carbon-14 is detected in a sample. Thus, a sample that lacks any carbon-14 would mean that it has 0% biobased content.
Examples of biobased certification programs include the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)®, Germany’s DIN CERTCO [DIN-Geprüft Biobased Scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/din-certco.html), and TUV Austria’s [OK Biobased program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html), where eligible products can visibly display a certification logo that states the biobased content percentage of the product or its packaging material.
The full article can be found in vol.15(2) March/April 2020 edition of HPC Today, the international peer-reviewed journal of Household, Personal Care, Cleaning, Cosmetics and Dermatology.
*Image credit: Pixabay*
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Verifying Naturally Sourced Dyes by Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/verifying-naturally-sourced-dyes/)
**Published:** October 22, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Carbon-14 analysis plays a key role in distinguishing ingredient sources by providing proof whether the material tested is truly derived from natural biological material. Such analysis is useful in the trend toward naturally sourced, plant-based ingredients in the dye market, which sees a growing consumer preference for naturally sourced inks.
Despite the growing trend, some manufacturers still use petrochemical synthetic dyes as they cost less to produce. To prove otherwise, manufacturers submit samples for [carbon-14 testing.](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
## Carbon-14 Analysis
Since all living or recently expired material contains a known level of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 while fossil fuel-derived petrochemicals do not contain any carbon-14, the testing result indicates the percentage of naturally sourced versus fossil-derived components in a sample.
Biobased content testing laboratory Beta Analytic uses Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) to measure the carbon-14 content in a given sample. AMS results of ink ingredients are reported as “% biobased carbon content” to reflect the biomass-based portion of the ink.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
For more information, please read [“How to Verify if a Dye is Natural-Sourced”](https://www.inkworldmagazine.com/contents/view_blog/2020-09-09/how-to-verify-if-a-dye-is-natural-sourced/) in Ink World Magazine.
*Photo credit: ImpressAB via Wikimedia Commons*
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Natural Cosmetics Act - Defining "Natural" vs "Naturally-Derived"](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-cosmetics-act/)
**Published:** December 27, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
A landmark bill introduced by Rep. Sean Patrick Maloney at the 116th U.S. Congress aims to amend the 1938 Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act such that cosmetics with packaging or labeling using the term “natural” will be considered as misbranded if they do not meet certain standards.
Under the Act, cosmetics labeled, sold or represented as “natural” must have at least 70 percent natural substances other than water and salt and have no fragrance ingredient other than a natural substance or naturally-derived ingredient, among other standards.
## Natural vs Naturally-Derived Ingredients
The bill defines “natural” as any chemical substance that is naturally occurring and which is (a) unprocessed, (b) processed only by manual, mechanical, naturally derived solvent or gravitational means, by dissolution in water or steam, by flotation, or by heating solely to remove water; or (c) extracted from air by any means.
A “naturally-derived ingredient” can be:
- any substance where the starting material is of mineral, plant, microbe, or animal origin but has been chemically processed;
- any substance where the starting material is of mineral, plant, microbe, or animal origin but has been chemically processed and combined with other ingredients, excluding petroleum and fossil fuel-derived ingredients; or
- an ingredient that is derived from a plant feedstock and bio-manufactured using processes like fermentation, saponification, condensation, or esterification in order to improve performance or make the ingredient biodegradable or sustainable.
Any manufacturer or distributor of cosmetics labeled as “natural” will be required to maintain records verifying such claim including [carbon-14 testing ](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html)results, which provide data on the biomass-sourced versus fossil-derived composition of the product.
The Natural Cosmetics Act also aims to give the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) the authority to issue an order to cease distribution of, or to recall, misbranded cosmetic products.
As of December 3, 2019, the bill was co-sponsored by seven other representatives from California, Florida, Illinois, Michigan and New York.
Source: [H.R. 5017](https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/5017/text) – Congressional Record Volume 165, Number 179
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing
---
### [Biobased Content of Reebok Shoes](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-biobased-shoes/)
**Published:** September 16, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In an article co-written by Beta Analytic Marketing Manager Haley Gershon and Mike Andrews, Director of Advanced Development for Reebok Future, sportswear brand Reebok International Limited described its experience in using biobased content testing as a tool to validate raw materials successfully and how to effectively display the use of plant-derived material to increase product appeal.
**Content:**
Footwear manufacturers are catering to consumer demand for plant-based fashion by using biomass-derived materials in their products and submitting these products for biobased testing and certification. In an article co-written by Beta Analytic Marketing Manager Haley Gershon and Mike Andrews, Director of Advanced Development for Reebok Future, sportswear brand Reebok International Limited described its experience in using **biobased content testing** as a tool to validate raw materials successfully and how to effectively display the use of plant-derived material to increase product appeal.
Photo credit: Reebok
## Biobased Testing & Third-Party Certification
Measuring the biobased content of raw materials can be done through [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), which is an international standard that uses **Carbon-14 analysis** to determine the biobased content of any solid, liquid or gaseous product.
On top of submitting the samples for biobased testing, manufacturers like Reebok take it one-step further by certifying products to receive biobased certifications or eco-labels. Applying for biobased certification programs enables qualified applicants to visibly display that a product is derived in full or in part from biomass sources. For example, the [United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)® includes a voluntary labeling initiative that aims to help consumers identify biobased products in the marketplace.
In 2014, Reebok kickstarted an initiative to develop a sustainable line of footwear. “I wanted to develop a shoe that when someone went into a store, the shoe would look the same as any other shoe, and have all of the same performance capabilities, aesthetics, and cost as any other shoe on the market. The only difference was that the shoe would also happen to be majority biobased,” Mr. Andrews says.
Once the materials were selected, and development of the shoes completed, Reebok enrolled in the **USDA BioPreferred Program**, using Beta Analytic’s laboratory to validate its Cotton & Corn as 75% biobased. Reebok was the first major footwear brand to join the BioPreferred Program.
For more details, please read [Certified biobased footwear](https://www.bioplasticsmagazine.de/202004/flipbook_04-2020.html) published in Bioplastics Magazine Issue 4/2020 pp. 40-41.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing. Please use [this contact form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) to inquire on fees and turnaround time.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
---
### ["Natural vs Synthetic" Huperzine A](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic-huperzine-a/)
**Published:** June 10, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
A case study on Huperzine A featured in the June 2020 issue of Nutraceuticals World shows how a plant-based nutraceutical can be vulnerable to adulteration through the use of fossil-derived synthetics. Huperzine A is a supplement ingredient extracted from the clubmoss *Huperzia serrata.* The case study used two methods to detect ingredient adulteration — High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Carbon-14 analysis.
Huperzine A is a widely used ingredient in the nutraceuticals industry for a variety of health purposes, such as memory enhancement. The global Huperzine A market size is forecasted to expand at a compound annual growth rate of 6.68% from 2019 to 2024, according to Gen Consulting Company. Due to the expensive cost of natural Huperzine A, the plant extract is vulnerable to ingredient adulteration. To detect adulteration of Huperzine A, quality control departments often submit samples to undergo analyses for ingredient verification.
![]()
*Huperzia serrat*a
Image credit: Cheng-Tao Lin (licensed under CC BY 4.0)
## Huperzine A Case Study
Three different brands of Huperzine A supplements were subjected to both HPLC fingerprinting, performed at Nanjing Hup Chemical laboratory, and carbon-14 testing, done by Beta Analytic.
HPLC is a quality control method used to separate, identify, and quantify different components in a mixture. Carbon-14 testing, on the other hand, differentiates between plant-based and fossil fuel-derived ingredients, and therefore can confirm the presence of petrochemical-derived synthetics.
While results from HPLC fingerprinting demonstrated that the purity of Huperzine A in each supplement sample was more than 98%, the Carbon-14 results confirmed the presence of petrochemical-derived components in the analyzed materials. Employing carbon-14 analysis to Huperzine A is a key step for quality assurance and quality control.
More information can be found at <https://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com/issues/2020-06-01/view_features/detecting-adulteration-huperzine-a-case-study/>
*DISCLAIMER: The case study was a collaboration between Gao Yu (Beta Analytic) and Xin Ma (Nanjing Hup Chemical Co., Ltd.)*
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Case Studies, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
---
### [Biobased Testing Braskem's Renewable Plastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-testing-renewable-plastics/)
**Published:** August 18, 2021
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In an article co-written by Beta Analytic and Braskem, the use of Carbon-14 analysis to validate the biomass content of certain products is discussed, including the I'm Green™ certification process—Braskem’s bio-based label.
**Content:**
In the article, “Biobased Testing for Renewable Plastics,” co-written by Beta Analytic Marketing Manager Haley Gershon and Maite Lazo of Braskem’s Circular Economy & Sustainability Marketing Europe & Asia, the use of **Carbon-14** **analysis** to validate the biomass content of certain products is discussed, including the I’m Green™ certification process—Braskem’s bio-based label.
In recent years, the global community has been experiencing the transition from conventional plastics to renewable material. Regulations have been playing an important role in this topic, as it pushes manufacturers to explore sustainable solutions to fossil fuel-based plastics.
The increase in the demand for new alternative plastics has led manufacturers, suppliers and consumers to focus on the environmental impact of producing and using these kinds of plastics. Bio-based plastic production has proven their environmental benefit. These are plastics made from renewable (biomass) sourced ingredients, such as sugarcane, corn or cellulose. Producing bio-based plastics contributes to reducing the carbon footprint of the entire value chain.
Due to environmental concerns, the global community is opting for biomass-derived plastics instead of conventional plastics. Data shows a 36% growth in the upcoming years for the bioplastics industry, which is a good indication for companies to choose bio-based plastics to reduce their carbon footprint.
## **Carbon-14 Testing Validates 100% Biobased Material**s
Since Carbon-14 is present in all living organisms, an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) instrument can be used to determine how much of the carbon within a product is derived from biomass. This measurement is done in accordance with [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), an international standard that determines the [bio-based content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) of solid, liquid and gaseous samples using radiocarbon analysis.
Test results are expressed as a percentage (%) of **biobased content**, ranging from 0% to 100%. This indicates the percentage of a material that is sourced from biomass-derived content against petrochemical-derived content. A sample with 0% biobased content consists of only fossil fuel components, whereas a sample with 100% biobased content is entirely obtained from biomass resources.
In terms of certification programs, the percentage of biobased content required varies depending on the organization. For example, to get the I’m Green**TM** label, Braskem requests at least 51% of biobased content using the **Carbon 14 method**. For more details, please read [Bio-based Testing For Renewable Plastics](https://worldbiomarketinsights.com/bio-based-testing-for-renewable-plastics/) full article published in Bio Market Insights.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
#### You might also be interested in these topics:
[ASTM D6866 Test – Organic Carbon vs Total Carbon](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
[What can Biobased Testing do for Manufacturers?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Carbon-14 Testing Co-processed Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/carbon-14-testing-co-processed-fuels/)
**Published:** January 7, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Efforts to decrease greenhouse gas emissions drive the growing production and use of biofuel blends. Beta Analytic’s Haley Gerson shares that fuel manufacturers have co-processed bio-oil with petroleum feeds as it is a cost-effective way to produce biofuels by using existing refinery processes, storage and transport infrastructure. Co-processing is also beneficial since it may help mitigate availability issues of biomass-derived fuels.
Within the fuel industry, there are regulations in place that offer incentives for the use of low-carbon fuel and, as a result, manufacturers are aiming to decrease their carbon intensity. Manufacturers consider [carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) as a viable option to quantify the biogenic carbon content of their products.
Any material that comes from fossil fuel sources has no carbon-14 present. By measuring the carbon-14 content, manufacturers can validate the proportion of a fuel that is biomass-derived versus fossil fuel-derived.
For more details, please read the [full article](https://www.calameo.com/read/005484844b43dbfb1c8e3) in the November/December 2019 issue of Biofuels International.
*Image Credit: Chokniti Khongchum / Pixabay*
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
Excerpt from Beta Analytic’s presentation during the webinar “Stewarding Responsible Growth by Protecting the Integrity of the Curcumin Category”
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels
---
### [Turmeric Case Study: Verifying "Natural" Claims by Carbon-14 and HPLC Analyses](https://www.betalabservices.com/turmeric-hplc-carbon-14-testing/)
**Published:** September 30, 2021
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In collaboration with the Eurofins lab and the non-profit Global Curcumin Association, ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic recently published a case study using an orthogonal testing strategy to verify “all-natural” label claims of dietary supplements containing turmeric ingredients.
**Content:**
Turmeric is a popular dietary supplement, herbal medicine and spice. This popularity has made turmeric and its curcuminoid derivatives vulnerable to economically motivated adulteration and false “natural” labeling. In collaboration with the Eurofins lab and the non-profit Global Curcumin Association, ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic recently published a case study using an orthogonal testing strategy to verify “all-natural” label claims of dietary supplements containing turmeric ingredients.
## Potential Strategy for Turmeric Products Quality Control
Fourteen (14) samples of turmeric supplements sold in the US were selected randomly for this case study. All 14 products claimed to be “all-natural sourced.” To verify these claims, two analytical methods were used – High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and [Carbon-14 testing by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html).
According to the study, a high percentage of curcumin-to-curcuminoids value was used as an indicator to imply the presence of synthetic [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/food.html). However, using the HPLC method alone does not provide direct evidence of the curcuminoids’ natural origin. The HPLC method is often used in the dietary supplements industry to accurately identify and quantify the chemical constituents in a finished product or raw material.
**Carbon-14 analysis** enhances quality control of dietary supplements by determining the percentage of material derived from [biomass versus petrochemical-derived](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) synthetic sources. However, the method cannot be used to verify potency claims nor determine which component of a product contains Carbon-14.
Analysis of results of both methods showed a significant correlation between the percentage of curcumin-to-curcuminoids and **% biobased content,** which indicated that synthetic curcumin was greatly attributed to determined synthetic ingredients.
Research proponents concluded that a strategy based on Carbon-14 and HPLC analyses has the potential to be used for routine quality control/assurance of turmeric products, with Carbon-14 analysis as the primary tool to determine the presence of synthetic ingredients and HPLC testing as secondary confirmation to indicate the spike of synthetic curcumin.
## [\[VIDEO\] Learn more about Carbon-14 Testing Products claiming to be Naturally Sourced](#collapseOne)
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Turmeric Case Study Results
Nine out of the fourteen (9 out of 14) samples were entirely derived from biomass (i.e. 100% naturally sourced) based on Carbon-14 analysis results. The remaining five samples were a mixture of natural and fossil sources with results ranging between 83% and 91% of biobased content, which reveals false labelling claims.
Based on the results of both analytical methods, only four samples (4 out of 14) proved to be accurate in relation to their potency and “natural” claims as promoted on their packaging labels.
The HPLC potency testing was done by Eurofins Botanical Testing using the USP Curcuminoids monograph methodology. Beta Analytic used the [ISO 16620-2 analytical standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) to measure the percentage of biomass-derived versus petroleum-sourced ingredients of the 14 samples.
For more information, please read the article [“Analytical strategies to determine the labelling accuracy and economically-motivated adulteration of “natural” dietary supplements in the marketplace: Turmeric case study”](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814621020136?via%3Dihub) published in Food Chemistry journal Volume 30 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131007).
## Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?
You might also be interested in this article – [Verifying Natural Products: Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
Beta Analytic compared the different analytical methods used to test natural products: Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Chiral Testing, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS), and Carbon-14 Testing.
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Case Studies, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
---
### [Biobased Testing in the Leather and Tannery Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-testing-leather-tannery/)
**Published:** December 15, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** According to a 2022 business confidence survey by the International Leather Maker, the majority of tannery industry professionals are becoming increasingly conscious of the value of switching to biobased tanning chemicals as an alternative to chemicals sourced from fossil-carbon.
**Content:**
According to a 2022 business confidence survey by the International Leather Maker, the majority of tannery industry professionals are becoming increasingly conscious of the value of switching to **biobased tanning chemicals** as an alternative to chemicals sourced from fossil-carbon. Adopting fully or partially biobased tanning chemicals supports more sustainable and eco-friendly initiatives by reducing the carbon footprint of tanning companies and reducing the pollutants used and released during production.
Biobased chemicals do not affect leather performance. By making such a transition when it comes to chemical sourcing, leather companies will also appeal to consumers who are sustainably conscious and interested in renewable materials that have a lower impact on the environment. The decision to pursue more sustainable practices by tanners can be said to be both a beneficial and popular choice.
## Carbon-14 Analysis of Tanning Chemicals
The next step for leather companies interested in heading toward a more biobased future is authenticating the natural composition of their tanning chemicals. [Biobased testing via Carbon 14 analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) is a highly accurate method for determining the percentage of biobased chemicals versus petrochemicals in a product.
Carbon 14 is a naturally-occurring isotope present in all organic materials that can be measured via [accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html). Raw leather itself is a 100% biobased material, therefore, measuring the amount of Carbon 14 in a leather component or finished product reveals the amount of fossil-derived chemicals versus biobased chemicals used. A completely biobased leather product will test as being 100% biobased, whereas a product that has been processed using fossil-carbon based chemicals will produce a lower percentage of biobased content.
## Why Measure the Biobased Content of Tanning Chemicals
Biobased testing provides tanning chemical manufacturers and tanneries with documentation to prove biomass-based origin and support sustainability claims for products such as tannins, greases, waxes, coatings, and finished leather products. Testing also verifies tanning chemical suppliers’ claims that the chemicals are genuinely biobased, as these chemicals are more expensive than traditional petroleum-derived chemicals.
Data can be used to help companies and manufacturers stand up to environmental and ethical issues for which the leather industry is scrutinized and supports marketing claims that promote the value of real leather products over competition from biobased, recyclable, and vegan leather alternatives. Testing also provides documentation for clients and customers who are seeking more sustainable products.
Validation of the use of biobased chemicals, which are less toxic and more eco-friendly, can also allow companies to meet criteria for applications for the [EU Ecolabel for footwear](https://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/documents/footwear.pdf) and the [USDA BioPreferred® Program.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
Reference: [Tanners endorse the move towards biobased chemicals (September 2022)](https://internationalleathermaker.com/tanners-endorse-the-move-towards-biobased-chemicals/)
*Image Credit: Pixabay*
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**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program Starts 2018 Product Audit in May](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred/)
**Published:** April 25, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) will begin its BioPreferred® Program audit activities in May 2018. The USDA BioPreferred Program will email all participants to request that they complete an online Audit Declaration of Conformance.
**Content:**
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) will begin its BioPreferred® Program audit activities in May 2018. The USDA BioPreferred Program will email all participants to request that they complete an online Audit Declaration of Conformance. Participants are given 30 days to respond to the audit request. The Program expects the auditing process to be completed by October 2018.
The [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) recognizes about 15,000 products. To maintain the credibility of the Program, products are routinely audited to check that they are still eligible for the initiatives and the contact and product information of about 3,000 companies in the BioPreferred Catalog are kept updated.
**UPDATE:** There are currently three groups of **biobased products** under the Program as of June 2022:
- Certified-only – Biobased products that do not fit into one of the 139 categories qualified for mandatory federal purchasing but have gone through the Program’s certification process, including third-party [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) biobased content testing and validation.
- Qualified-only – Biobased products that fall within a mandatory federal purchasing category but have not gone through the USDA BioPreferred Program’s certification process nor third-party biobased content testing.
- Qualified/Certified – Products that belong in one of the 139 product categories qualified for mandatory federal purchasing AND have gone through the Program’s certification process, including third-party biobased content testing and validation.
Only the manufacturers of Certified-only and Qualified/Certified biobased products can use the **USDA Certified Biobased Product Label** on their packaging and marketing materials. The biobased content of a product appears on this label.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## USDA BioPreferred Program 2018 Audit
The USDA BioPreferred Program requests all participants to update their company and contact information, confirm if their product is still being manufactured, provide necessary updates, verify that the formulation and manufacturing process of their products have not changed since certification, and disclose any complaints received regarding their certified products’ biobased content claims.
While the Program expects the auditing process to run until October, participants only have 30 days to respond to the audit request. The products of participants who fail to respond to the audit request will be removed from the Program’s database and online catalog.
The USDA BioPreferred Program will send a Notice of Removal from the database on June 15, 2018, to non-responding participants with qualified-only products.
Participants with certified-only and qualified/certified products who fail to respond would receive a Preliminary Notice of Violation on May 28, 2018. If they remain unresponsive to the Program’s communications, they will receive a Formal Notice of Violation on June 28, 2018; a Notice of Suspension on September 28, 2018; and final Notice of Revocation on October 28, 2018.
Source: USDA BioPreferred Program 2018 Product Audit Overview (last accessed April 25, 2018)
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA BioPreferred Program. However, the ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on how to submit samples for testing as part of the Program. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for turnaround time or price inquiries.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program
---
### [How to Validate Natural-Sourced Ingredients by Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/validate-natural-sourced-ingredients-carbon-14-analysis/)
**Published:** April 27, 2022
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
A recent article published in Food Engineering & Ingredients magazine written by Jordan Turner explains the importance and the benefits of **carbon-14 analysis** for R&D teams and manufacturers to validate natural-sourced ingredients. Ms. Turner is Beta Analytic’s Marketing Coordinator.
## What is Carbon-14 Analysis?
Because the carbon-14 isotope is present in all living materials, [carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) is an accurate method used to calculate the percentage of naturally sourced versus petrochemical-derived ingredients in a given material. That is to say, natural-sourced ingredients will contain a known level of carbon-14, whereas fossil fuel-derived materials will not contain any.
Carbon-14 testing is the only method that can identify the presence of petrochemical-derived adulterants in a product claiming to be 100% naturally sourced.
## Natural-sourced or Petrochemical-derived?
The growing demand for natural and biomass-based products has led to an increase in mislabeling and economically motivated adulteration. Hence, to prove their ingredients are naturally sourced, companies are opting for carbon-14 testing. Test results allow companies to validate their natural-sourced ingredients and scientifically support their label claims while preserving the product’s integrity.
The [Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fcc.html) (FCC), an international standard for food ingredients, uses the isotope signatures method, including carbon-14, to determine the **biobased content** of food ingredients to differentiate renewable carbon versus synthetic sources of ingredients.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s full article [“Validating the natural source of ingredients by Carbon-14 testing”](https://fei-online.com/validating-the-natural-source-of-ingredients-by-carbon-14-testing/) published in April 2022.
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
To request for more information on carbon-14 analysis of food ingredients, please call (+1) 305-662-7760 or email Beta Analytic using [this form.](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Categories:** Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates
---
### [Authentification des ingrédients alimentaires d'origine naturelle avec l'analyse du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/ingredients-alimentaires-analyses-carbone-14/)
**Published:** April 20, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Dans un article publié récemment dans l’Asia & Middle East Food Trade Journal, Beta Analytic a décrit l’utilisation de l’analyse du carbone 14 comme outil permettant d’identifier l’adultération motivée par des raisons économiques dans les ingrédients naturels.
La présence de carbone 14 dans les matières organiques permet à l’analyse du carbone 14** de calculer le pourcentage d’ingrédients d’origine naturelle par rapport aux ingrédients d’origine pétrochimique à l’aide d’un [spectromètre de masse à accélérateur (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/datation-radiocarbone-ams.html).
Les résultats sont mesurés en pourcentage, allant de 0 à 100 % en fonction de la quantité de biomasse dans le produit. Un ingrédient entièrement issu de la biomasse aura un contenu 100% biosourcé alors qu’un produit entièrement issu d’ingrédients issus de la pétrochimie donnera un résultat de 0%. Un produit avec 50 % de contenu biosourcé représente un mélange d’ingrédients d’origine naturelle et d’origine fossile.
En raison de l’augmentation de la demande de produits naturels sur le marché, la validation des revendications d’ingrédients naturels est essentielle pour les entreprises. L’analyse du carbone 14 permet aux fabricants, fournisseurs et distributeurs de prouver avec précision la naturalité des ingrédients de leurs produits et de répondre aux attentes des clients.
## Etude de cas : huile d’ail**
Une étude menée par Beta Analytic a été conçue pour identifier l’existence d’adultérants dans cinq échantillons d’huile d’ail, dont quatre étaient étiquetés comme “huile essentielle d’ail 100% pure” et une huile d’ail artificielle.
Grâce à l’utilisation de l’analyse du carbone 14, les résultats ont démontré qu’un seul des quatre produits étiquetés comme « huile d’ail 100% pure » correspondait à son étiquette, bien que les cinq échantillons aient réussi le test de composition chimique GC-MS pour l’huile d’ail.
---
L’analyse du carbone 14 est une méthode précise permettant aux fournisseurs et aux distributeurs d’authentifier la naturalité des ingrédients, car elle permet d’identifier avec précision la présence d’adultérants dérivés de la pétrochimie en déterminant le pourcentage d’un ingrédient provenant de la biomasse.
Pour plus d’informations, veuillez consulter l’article de Beta Analytic [Authenticating natural-sourced food ingredients with Carbon-14 analysis](https://epaper.ameft.com/ameft-journal-2021-4/%23p=53) publié dans le journal Asia & Middle East Food Trade.
[Inscrivez-vous à notre newsletter](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/newsletter-souscription.html) pour recevoir nos études de cas, des informations sur les webinaires à venir et autres nouvelles de l’industrie.
##### Ces articles peuvent également vous intéresser :
- [Étude de cas sur le curcuma : vérification des allégations « naturelles » par l’analyse du carbone 14 et HPLC](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcuma-c14-hplc-analyses/)
- [Huperzine A naturelle vs synthétique](https://www.betalabservices.com/huperzine-a-naturelle-vs-synthetique/)
- [Huile de menthe poivrée naturelle vs synthétique – Comment détecter une adultération](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
- [Récipients et emballages biosourcés dans l’industrie cosmétique](https://www.betalabservices.com/emballages-biosources-cosmetique/)
- [Vérification des produits naturels : l’analyse du carbone 14 est-elle nécessaire ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticite-methodes-analyse/)
*La version anglaise de cet article a été initialement publiée le 3 novembre 2021.*
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [How Co-Processing Refineries in Canada Get Credits under the CFR](https://www.betalabservices.com/canada-clean-fuel-regulations-biogenic-testing/)
**Published:** January 19, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Through the Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR), the Government of Canada aims to reduce pollution by 2030 by decreasing the carbon intensity (CI) of gasoline and diesel used in the country. The Canadian Ministry of Environment and Climate Change published a Quantification Method (QM) for co-processing in refineries under the CFR. The QM requires ASTM D6866 testing to measure the biogenic content of the co-processed feedstocks used and the low-CI fuels produced in registered projects.
**Content:**
*Canada’s Clean Fuel Regulations Requires ASTM D6866 Testing for Co-Processing Refineries*
Through the [Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR)](https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/fuel-regulations/clean-fuel-regulations/about.html), the Government of Canada aims to reduce pollution by 2030 by decreasing the carbon intensity (CI) of gasoline and diesel used in the country. The Canadian Ministry of Environment and Climate Change published a Quantification Method (QM) for co-processing in refineries under the CFR. The QM requires [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) to measure the **biogenic content** of the co-processed feedstocks used and the low-CI fuels produced in registered projects.
## **Credits Market for Fuel Suppliers**
The objective of the CFR is to require that producers and importers reduce the carbon intensity of diesel and gasoline used in Canada by about 15% (or below 2016 levels) by 2030. The carbon intensity of a fuel is a measure of the greenhouse gas emitted from the extraction, refining, distribution, and use of such fuel.
Through the CFR, the government will increase incentives for the development and adoption of clean fuels, technologies and processes. The CRF will establish a **credits market** wherein producers and importers of gasoline and diesel must create or buy credits to comply with the reduction requirements. Extra credits can be sold or used in later years.
## **How Co-Processing Refineries Get Credits**
Registered refineries can follow the QM to obtain credits for the production of low CI fuels under a co-processing CO₂ Emissions Reduction project. The QM is applicable to co-processing done in either a hydrotreater or a fluid catalytic cracker. All projects must be in Canada.
Projects are required to [measure the biogenic content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html) of samples from each fuel, product, and hydrocarbon co-product via ASTM D6866 testing. The biogenic content and CI of the co-processed low-CI fuel, co-processed low-CI product, and co-product produced for each fuel pathway must be determined. The samples’ results must also be corrected for the percent modern carbon of the low-CI feedstock and a blank correction of a petroleum-only fuel with no percent modern carbon should be subtracted from each test result.
The QM sets the frequency at which different types of projects should test based on whether they use a hydrotreater or FCC. Co-processing benchmarks differ before and after February 2025. After January 31, 2025, ASTM D6866 testing will be required more frequently.
Emissions reductions and corresponding credits are quantified based on the amount of co-processed low-CI fuels produced and their reduced lifecycle CI, using the biogenic content results obtained through ASTM D6866 testing.
**Sources:**
- Canada’s Ministry of Environment and Climate Change: [What are the Clean Fuel Regulations? ](https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/fuel-regulations/clean-fuel-regulations/about.html)
- Clean Fuel Regulations: [Quantification Method for Co-processing in Refineries](https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/fuel-regulations/clean-fuel-regulations/compliance/quantification-methodco-processing-refineries.html)
**You might also be interested in these Beta articles:**
- [Carbon-14 Testing Co-processed Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/carbon-14-testing-co-processed-fuels/)
- [Biogenic Content Testing under the US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html)
- [Dutch Regulation Requires Carbon-14 Analysis for Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/)
*Photo credit: Engin Akyurt (Pexels.com)*
---
[Join our mailing list to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels
---
### [Why are Customers Choosing USDA Certified Biobased Products?](https://www.betalabservices.com/choosing-biopreferred/)
**Published:** June 20, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** Staying ahead of the competition is a critical element of any successful business. In the competitive marketplace that exists today, even superior product offerings can be difficult to market. A unique point of differentiation is often required to secure the largest possible segment of a target market. Many producers are finding that a widely recognized branding and labeling program, such as the USDA BioPreferred® Program, is an effective way to compete and can be incredibly persuasive when it comes to marketing.
**Content:**
Staying ahead of the competition is a critical element of any successful business. In the competitive marketplace that exists today, even superior product offerings can be difficult to market. A unique point of differentiation is often required to secure the largest possible segment of a target market. Many producers are finding that a widely recognized branding and labeling program, such as the USDA BioPreferred® Program, is an effective way to compete and can be incredibly persuasive when it comes to marketing.
If you want to leverage off of the investment that you’ve made in biobased products manufacturing, or even if you’re thinking about investing in the development of a new biobased product, then understanding how consumers see the USDA BioPreferred Program will be important.
## Familiarity with the USDA Certified Biobased Label is growing
The [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) is no longer in its infancy and can now be considered one of the established standardized eco-labeling systems in the United States. There are now more than 900 certified products, as well as over 1200 products that fall under the Mandatory Federal Purchasing Initiative. There are new products being certified every month, as producers continue to see value in not only biobased materials but in the USDA Certified Biobased Product label.
A survey performed by DuPont Industrial Biosciences found that 40% of Americans are familiar with biobased and how it is used to describe products and ingredients. Consumers have a positive connection with the term, associating it with natural and sustainable product ingredients. Data from the survey also found that 77% of Americans would prefer biobased household products if they were of a similar cost to non-biobased alternatives. This shows that we’re at a point now where biobased is not just a buzzword, but it’s a recognized and valid term that can help to drive sales and differentiate products on a store shelf.
A growing green movement in the United States is driving consumers towards goods that are environmentally friendly. The term ‘environmentally friendly’ is often loosely used, and different consumers have different perceptions of what it means. Some consumers want products that are made from natural resources. Others have more specific preferences, such as products that are made from highly sustainable natural resources. Marketing products based on their content can be effective, however, the use of a standardized label that is backed by the government and a testing program can be even more so.
The USDA BioPreferred Program appeals to consumer purchasing trends and the needs of producers. It lets consumers know that a product has been tested in accordance with requirements designed by the Program and its partners. The Program also provides producers with a recognizable and simple label that indicates a biobased product and the percentage of biomass that was used in creating the product and its packaging.
## What types of products are already being sold with the USDA Certified Biobased Label?
The products that are already certified under the USDA BioPreferred Program are highly diverse. Basic consumer goods like household cleaning products, bathroom products, skincare products, and haircare products are just a few examples. Intermediate products used in manufacturing can also be biobased, and both industrial and commercial focused products have also been certified. Items like safety headgear for construction, paints, and sealants used in construction, and even structural building materials can be found in the **USDA BioPreferred Catalog.**
The product categories are constantly growing, and new products that don’t fit into existing categories can still be certified if they contain a minimum 25% Biobased materials in packaging and the product itself.
Each category varies in the percentage of biobased content required, and the USDA BioPreferred Program aims to increase the minimum percentage when production methods and technology improves. Companies that innovate and develop products with higher **biobased content** will likely become more competitive because the percentage of biobased content is a prominent feature of the USDA Certified Biobased Product label and is something that consumers consider when comparing products.
## Submitting products for the USDA BioPreferred Program
Applying to join the Program is free, and the only costs come from independent testing. Testing for biobased content must be performed by an authorized laboratory that offers [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html).
Beta Analytic can provide testing that is compliant with all requirements by the USDA BioPreferred Program. Results are provided in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For price inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
You might also be interested in these topics:
[Top 3 Industries that Need to Use Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/industries-use-biopreferred-products/)
[Three Examples of USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-products-examples/)
[What Does It Mean to Sell BioBased Products?](https://www.betalabservices.com/sell-biobased-product/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Top 3 Industries that Need to Use BioPreferred Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/industries-use-biopreferred-products/)
**Published:** February 27, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** Businesses that show a commitment to the environment will gain public support and potentially even federal support when it comes to intermediate material and retail product procurement. With the introduction of the USDA BioPreferred® Program in 2011, businesses can now leverage off of their biobased materials with certification and official labeling on products.
**Content:**
Businesses that show a commitment to the environment will gain public support and potentially even federal support when it comes to intermediate material and retail product procurement. With the introduction of the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) in 2011, businesses can now leverage off of their biobased materials with certification and official labeling on products.
The BioPreferred Program makes sense from a business perspective, and also from an environmental one. By decreasing reliance on non-renewable fossil fuel-based resources, businesses can reduce carbon footprints while also stimulating the economy for raw biological materials.
These are three industries where a dramatic shift to **biobased** products would have profound business and environmental benefits.
## Plastics Manufacturing
Petroleum-based plastics are cost-effective to produce, durable, easy to form, and are widely used in industries around the world. Plastics have been hugely important for economic growth, but they’ve also had a significant negative impact on the environment. Toxic byproducts and waste are produced during the manufacture of plastic, and by the time plastic reaches the end of life, it ends up in a landfill without a chance of biodegrading within the next 400 years. All plastics break down at different rates, and the longest of some compounds is up to an estimated 1,000 years. While some plastics can be recycled, the process is energy intensive and is often cost prohibitive. A significant amount of plastic is incinerated, leading to greenhouse gasses, and a worrying amount of plastic ends up in oceans and key waterways.
Considering the environmental impact of plastic, it’s important that more environmentally friendly alternatives are used whenever possible. **USDA Certified Biobased** plastics are a significant step in the right direction.
Plastics that use biomaterial resins in place of petroleum products are becoming increasingly popular, and some of the world’s largest organizations are already embracing newer materials.
Not all biobased plastics will degrade at such a fast rate (biodegradability relies on a number of factors and varies for every product), but simply using renewable biobased resources for production is still better for the environment overall.
Companies producing packaging products can make the shift to bioplastics, and with **USDA BioPreferred Program** it is possible to use official labeling that will make products more competitive.
## Food Processing and Packaging
Manufactured plastics find heavy usage in food processing and packaging, leading to the significant creation of end-consumer waste. Just like plastics outside of the food industry, these materials are usually fossil-fuel derived. By the year 2020, it is expected that more than 24 million metric tons of packaging will be used just for consumer food packaging.
Consumers are becoming more aware of their impact on the environment and are starting to make smarter decisions about the food that they purchase. Packaging can have a significant impact on the products that they choose. Businesses that adapt to use biobased packaging plastics will be able to take advantage of the **USDA BioPreferred Program**, giving them an edge within an environmentally conscious marketplace.
## Construction and On-Site Safety
Safety equipment is largely made from petroleum-based plastics. This is a key area of the manufacturing industry where stringent tolerances must be adhered to, which has led to the slow adoption of biobased plastics. Despite what some manufacturers and even some end users might believe, it has been proven that biobased plastics are not inherently inferior to those made using fossil fuel-derived materials.
Personal protection products including protective helmet shells are now produced using green high-density polyethylene. The polymer is just as stable and durable as standard HDPE, with the difference being that sugarcane-based ethanol is used in production. Some manufacturers have gained certification of up to 95% biobased plastic in their personal protection products.
With just three examples, it is clear that [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html) materials are critical to our future and also that the use of biomass-derived products will not have a negative impact on quality or performance. Companies wishing to join the USDA BioPreferred Program can contact Beta Analytic to inquire about [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html). All questions about the Program must be directed to the USDA.
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on **ASTM D6866** biobased content testing. For price and turnaround time inquiries, please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)*.*
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
You might also be interested in these topics:
[What Does It Mean to Sell BioBased Products?](https://www.betalabservices.com/sell-biobased-product/)
[Customers are Becoming More Aware of What They Buy and are Choosing Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/choosing-biopreferred/)
[Carbon-14 Analysis Brings Transparency to “Natural” Claims](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-claims-transparency/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Benefits of USDA Certified Biobased Product Labeling with Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-program-benefits/)
**Published:** April 20, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** The USDA BioPreferred® Program is a relatively recent initiative of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which is intended to promote and assist in the growth of bio-based products and markets. Whatever industry your company is in, there are benefits to using biomass to produce your products, however, you will be missing out on some significant advantages if you are not taking part in the BioPreferred Program.
**Content:**
The USDA BioPreferred® Program is a relatively recent initiative of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which is intended to promote and assist in the growth of bio-based products and markets. Whatever industry your company is in, there are benefits to using biomass to produce your products, however, you will be missing out on some significant advantages if you are not taking part in the [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html).
Beta Analytic is a leading biobased content testing provider and an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory. The lab can provide the necessary testing for certification that would allow you to use USDA Certified Biobased Product labeling in your products and marketing materials. If you’re already using biomass for your products and you haven’t joined the **BioPreferred Program,** then these are three reasons why you should start seriously considering joining the initiative.
## Potential Increased Sales through Government Procurement Contracts
Government contracts can be highly lucrative for the companies that are able to win and fulfill them. Of course, this also means that these contracts are highly competitive. With USDA Certified Biobased labeling, your products would be eligible for preferential procurement from federal agencies and subcontractors. This has the potential to benefit a diverse range of producers, including construction and safety equipment manufacturers. If you design and produce products that can be used in key industries, having an edge when it comes to government bids could have a huge impact on your bottom line and future growth.
The government will prioritize contracts based on the total percentage of biomass materials used in products.
## Creating a Better Marketing Image for Your Company
Differentiating products and a brand can be difficult in any industry. Working with biomass materials will already provide you with a point of difference, but you won’t be able to get full leverage from your unique manufacturing ingredients if you aren’t certified through the BioPreferred Program.
The BioPreferred Program comes with the benefit of established public awareness and the backing of the USDA. This can provide incredible marketing leverage that could lead to new opportunities and increased sales. If you have struggled so far with your brand positioning, even when promoting the fact that your products are manufactured using bio-based materials, the certification could be the missing link that is needed to deliver your marketing message.
## Maximize the Investment You’ve Made in Biomass Materials
With Beta Analytic being a leading provider of biobased content testing, the lab has had the opportunity to work with countless businesses around the world. Many producers using biomass materials have done so as part of a transition in the manufacturing process. Moving away from reliance on petroleum-based and other non-bio products can require a significant investment. This investment needs to be recuperated and certified labeling can make it happen.
With the **BioPreferred Program** you can make the most of your investment by finding new environmentally conscious markets, and your company will be seen amongst the leaders in environmentally responsible innovation.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## Beta Analytic – ASTM D6866 Lab
Beta Analytic provides biobased testing in accordance with the [ASTM D6866 standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html). Show consumers that your company is committed to the environment and sustainable manufacturing with a publicly recognized label that reinforces your marketing message. Contact Beta Analytic when you’re ready to discuss testing for your certification of your biobased products.
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on **ASTM D6866** biobased content testing. For turnaround time and price inquiries, please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)*.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [USDA Certified Biobased Products for Pest Control](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-pest-control/)
**Published:** January 22, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Excerpt:** As consumer demand for safer and greener products in pest control continues to rise, more and more businesses are hoping to get certified under the USDA BioPreferred® Program. These biobased products can either be industrial or commercial goods made in large part with biological materials from agriculture, forestry, intermediate, or feedstocks.
**Content:**
As consumer demand for safer and greener products in pest control continues to rise, more and more businesses are hoping to get certified under the [USDA BioPreferred® Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html). These biobased products can either be industrial or commercial goods made in large part with biological materials from agriculture, forestry, intermediate, or feedstocks. For these products to then be certified, they must reach or exceed the minimum[ biobased content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) percentage for their product category.
## BioPreferred Program – Animal Repellents
Animal repellents are products made to keep away animals that could be harmful for people, plants, and property. These products are generally designed to exploit what animals would instinctively and naturally avoid in the environment. For instance, the scent of a predator’s urine could evoke fear to its prey, repelling them from a particular area.
This common household supply is included in the USDA BioPreferred Program product categories with a minimum biobased content requirement of 79%. The **BioPreferred Catalog** currently has 130 animal repellent products listed including insecticides. The catalog also includes fungicides and products for weed control.
### Biobased Products for Insect Control
Insects can cause damage in households, spoiling food and transmitting various deadly viruses. In farmlands and gardens, they feast on crop and fruit endangering the agriculture, leading to loss of potential revenue. These repellents combat different insects including bed bugs, termites, mosquitos, lice, roaches, flies, and other kinds of infestation.
The BioPreferred Catalog includes biobased insecticides. According to manufacturers, all ingredients are completely biodegradable and safe for use in the presence of humans without exposing them to any form of health risks. The environment is also spared from pollution and contamination that traditionally come with toxin-reliant insecticides.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased pest control samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## Biobased Weed Control Products
Weeds compete with other plants, often crops for the same light, space, nutrients, and water provided to them. For this reason, it is very important to control the aggressive reproduction of weeds.
Typical herbicides are often sprayed in a large targeted area of agriculture. This means that the dangerous toxins and chemicals meant only for weeds also affect crops. Biobased weed control products get rid of all the harmful ingredients that find its way into crops.
### Biobased Fungicides
One of the primary causes of plant disease and death is fungi. Similar to animals and insects, these parasitic organisms attack its hosts which is often agriculture. People use fungicides in the form of toxic liquid chemical sprays to rid their farms and bigger animals from these organisms.
There are now ready-to-use non-toxic fungicides in the market that promote sustainability and proper disease control in plants. These same biobased products ensure leaves and lawns are not burned after use.
### Pest Control Product Innovation
There have been numerous innovations for pest control products such that they do not come in any prescribed shape or form. Some of the leading manufacturers in pest control produce easy-to-use household liquid sprays while others have more novel ideas that achieve the same result.
The USDA BioPreferred Program is hugely beneficial for the pest control industry. Businesses and manufacturers are now leaning more and more to creating products that have less chemicals which have been proven to be as harmful to humans and the environment as it is to the targeted pests.
It is still important for consumers to note that the **USDA Certified Biobased Product label** is not an immediate guarantee of safety. What can be ensured is that the makers of these biobased products have modified the production process to use more renewable resources while decreasing petroleum consumption. This then reduces its carbon footprint, significantly helping the environment and people’s overall health.
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on **ASTM D6866** biobased content testing as part of the Program. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for turnaround time and price inquiries.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [What does it mean to sell biobased products?](https://www.betalabservices.com/sell-biobased-product/)
**Published:** January 9, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** Biobased materials are becoming more readily available and in many cases can be more economically viable than non-renewable alternatives. There are also benefits to be gained from joining the USDA BioPreferred Program, thanks to the increased public awareness of new product labeling. If your business is to be truly biobased, you need to do more than just reduce your reliance on non-renewable materials.
**Content:**
Environmental consciousness, particularly when it comes to the products that are consumed on a daily basis, has risen dramatically in recent years. The concept of the carbon footprint has become more important to both producers and consumers, and the businesses that adapt to the growing ‘green’ movement will be those that are most competitive in the years to come.
Both people and businesses are increasingly leaning towards products that are produced using renewable materials, and even the U.S. government has implemented the **USDA BioPreferred® Program** that places significant weight on procurement and promotion of biobased products.
With the help of Beta Analytic that provides third-party testing for applicants of the USDA BioPreferred Program, your business could gain a competitive edge in this new economy.
## Being biobased is more than just considering your carbon footprint
Reducing your carbon footprint makes sense for a number of reasons. Biobased materials are becoming more readily available and in many cases can be more economically viable than non-renewable alternatives. There are also benefits to be gained from joining the USDA BioPreferred Program, thanks to the increased public awareness of new product labeling. If your business is to be truly biobased, you need to do more than just reduce your reliance on non-renewable materials.
The USDA BioPreferred Program defines biobased products as commercial and industrial products (excluding food and agricultural feed) that are composed of biological products or renewable agricultural materials. Products may be wholly composed of these materials, or should at least have a significant biological material composition. Biobased products are diverse and examples are increasing year to year. Materials or products are tested by Beta Analytic and biobased content is recorded as a percentage, which can then be promoted directly on packaging and in marketing materials.
The USDA BioPreferred Program has awarded certification to end consumer products, commercial products, and even intermediates that are used in industry and manufacturing. The [USDA BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) Program is such an important initiative not just because of the positive change it can influence but also because of the wide sweeping areas of the economy that it will benefit.
## Examples of products that are eligible for certification
There are likely countless producers that are already offering biobased products but that have not applied for the USDA BioPreferred Program. Products like lip gloss, disposable food containers, water bottles, and even industrial safety equipment can all be made from renewable materials.
To be eligible for a **USDA Certified Biobased Product** label, there are minimum percentages depending on the product. Some items, such as food packaging containers, must have a minimum of 72% **biobased content**. Beta Analytic lab determines the ratio of biomass content versus petrochemical content through [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) testing. New products that have not yet been classified require a minimum of 25% biobased content.
With your own products, a higher percentage on a label could make items more competitive in consumer and industry markets and would even make products more competitive for federal supply contracts either directly with the government or through authorized subcontractors.
## The market leaders of tomorrow will enroll in the BioPreferred Program today
Early adopters of the BioPreferred Program will be seen as innovators and leaders within their respective industries. If you want the strongest competitive edge while leveraging off of your investment in biobased materials, then it is necessary to enroll in the **USDA Biopreferred Program.**
Certification can only be provided for both domestically produced and imported products, providing that the testing has been performed by an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory. Beta Analytic offers **ASTM D6866 testing**, which uses carbon-14 analysis to accurately determine the biobased content of various products.
*For turnaround time or price inquiries, please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)*.*
**You might also be interested in these topics:**
[How to Join the USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-usda-certification/)
[Promoting Biobased Laundry Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/bio-based-products-laundry/)
[Top 3 Industries that Need to Use Certified Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/industries-use-biopreferred-products/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** Biobased Products, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Office and Shipping Products - USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-office/)
**Published:** July 17, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Excerpt:** By meeting minimum biobased content requirements set out by the USDA BioPreferred Program, office and shipping products manufacturers can apply for the USDA Certified Biobased Product label.
**Content:**
The US biobased industry contributed $393 billion to the economy in 2014. As consumers become more conscious of renewably sourced products, being able to clearly highlight the biobased content of products can give a competitive edge in the market. The **USDA BioPreferred® Program** provides this opportunity. By meeting minimum biobased content requirements set out by the USDA BioPreferred Program, interested parties can apply for the **USDA Certified Biobased Product label**.
The USDA BioPreferred Program defines biobased products as originating from plants and other renewable materials, including agricultural, forestry and marine materials. Food, feed and fuel are not considered to be biobased products.
## BioPreferred Program – Office and Shipping Product Categories
As shown in the following table, the USDA has many different product categories that are used within office and shipping functions. Each category has a specific definition and an assigned minimum biobased value it needs to meet in order to be eligible for the [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program"). The minimum biobased content values vary with the product category and are subject to change.
To measure the biobased content of the product, the USDA BioPreferred Program requires testing according to [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), which is a standardized analytical method developed to measure biobased content of solid, liquid or gaseous samples using Carbon-14 analysis. Biobased materials contain a known amount of Carbon-14, whereas fossil fuel based materials do not contain any Carbon-14, and so by measuring the Carbon-14 content the overall biobased content can be determined.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased office and shipping products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## USDA BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program
The Program originated from a mandate established to encourage federal agencies to procure materials and products with biobased content. The USDA BioPreferred Program is aimed to help consumers make more informed purchases in a more sustainable and renewable conscious market. There are currently 97 product categories detailed under the Program, which can be divided by their functions.
To apply to the Program, applicants must submit all the required product information along with the **ASTM D6866 testing** results. Successful applicants can display the USDA Certified Biobased Product Label on their products.
### Beta Analytic – ASTM D6866 Testing Laboratory
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited and ISO 9001 conformant Beta Analytic provides fast high-quality **biobased testing** according to ASTM D6866 in accordance with the requirements set out by the USDA BioPreferred Program.
In 2004, Beta Analytic joined the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96 as co-author of ASTM D6866 for biobased content analysis. Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program.
All inquiries about the program should be sent to the Program. The lab welcomes inquiries on how to submit samples for testing. For inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**Sources:**
[https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/articles/EconAnal2016.xhtml](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/articles/EconAnal2016.xhtml "Econ July 2017") (accessed July 2017)
[https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "Econ Catergories July 2017") (accessed July 2017)
**Related Topics:**
USDA BioPreferred Program Resumes Processing of Applications
USDA BioPreferred Program Proposes to add 12 New Product Categories
[USDA BioPreferred Program – Food Service Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-disposables/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program - Food Service Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-disposables/)
**Published:** July 31, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Excerpt:** Food service products are one of the product categories designated by the USDA BioPreferred Program. Successful applicants can use the USDA Certified Biobased Product Label on their products, packaging and marketing materials.
**Content:**
As the environmental impact of products becomes a growing concern for consumers, the demand for renewably sourced materials has risen. The food service industry with its many disposable products is one that has been under scrutiny over its waste production and sustainability. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) launched its **BioPreferred® Program** in an effort to promote biobased products across many different industries, including many food service products.
## USDA BioPreferred Program
The [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) currently has 97 different product categories. Businesses wishing to apply for the USDA Certified Biobased Product label must submit all the required product information along with [ASTM D6866 biobased content testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 biobased content testing") results showing their products meet the minimum biobased content set out by the Program for that particular product category. According to the Program, biobased products do not include food, feed or fuel. Biobased products should originate from plants and other renewable materials, including agricultural, forestry and marine materials.
The USDA mandates that the analytical standard **ASTM D6866** is used to measure the biobased content for products applying to the Program. ASTM D6866 measures the biobased content of solid, liquid or gaseous samples using carbon-14 testing. Any fossil fuel-derived material does not contain any carbon-14, whereas biobased material contains a known amount; meaning that the carbon-14 content is indicative of the biobased content.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased food service products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## USDA BioPreferred Program – Food Service Product Categories
One area that is often associated with concerns over waste and environmental impact is the food service industry, in particular all various disposable products that are used like cutlery and food containers. The USDA BioPreferred Program encompasses several product categories in this industry, these along with their minimum biobased content requirements and descriptions are summarized in the table below.
The USDA BioPreferred Program has also reported success stories from the food service industry through the use of biobased products. It has seen a reduction in waste as the disposable biobased products taken into use in the studies were also biodegradable. This meant that not only were the products renewably sourced, they also significantly reduced the amount of landfill waste produced.
The Program has clarified that when considering food service containers, reusable items should be the first choice. However, if disposable food service containers are necessary, biobased products are great options as they are often made from agricultural materials such as cellulose, fiber crops like hemp and flax, bamboo and other grasses, agricultural waste such as bagasse or rice straw, starches and lactic acid. According to the USDA BioPreferred Program, biobased food service products are generally compostable, recyclable and biodegradable.
### Beta Analytic – ASTM D6866 Testing Laboratory
Miami-based Beta Analytic provides fast high-quality **ASTM D6866 biobased testing** and is an approved lab for USDA BioPreferred Program applicants.
In 2004 Beta Analytic joined the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) as co-author of ASTM D6866 for biobased content analysis. Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. All inquiries about the program should be sent to the Program. The lab welcomes inquiries on how to submit samples for testing. For inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**References:**
United States Department of Agriculture. Date unknown. *Product Categories*. Available from: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "Product Categories") (accessed July 2017).
United States Department of Agriculture. Date unknown. *Success Stories*. Available from: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/SuccessStories.xhtml](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/SuccessStories.xhtml "Success Stories") (accessed July 2017).
United States Department of Agriculture. Date unknown. *Product Category of the Month: Disposable Containers*. Available from: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "Product Category of the Month: Disposable Containers") note for Disposable Containers (accessed July 2017).
**Related Topics:**
[Hair Care Products in the USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-hair-care/)
[USDA BioPreferred Program – Office and Shipping Product Categories](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-office/)
[USDA BioPreferred Program Adds Intermediates](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-biobased-products/)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [How to Promote your Biobased Laundry Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/bio-based-products-laundry/)
**Published:** October 21, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** Within the household cleaning supplies industry, the preference for laundry detergents with plant-based ingredients (biobased) thrives as they are perceived to be more compatible with eco-friendly lifestyles. As consumer interest in chemicals used in laundry products continue to grow, how can manufacturers assure customers that their products are indeed biobased?
**Content:**
Within the household cleaning supplies industry, the preference for laundry detergents with plant-based ingredients (biobased) thrives as they are perceived to be more compatible with eco-friendly lifestyles. As consumer interest in chemicals used in laundry products continue to grow, how can manufacturers assure customers that their products are indeed biobased?
## Carbon-14 Testing
Carbon-14 analysis can be used by manufacturers and distributors to verify the biobased content of any product. The test measures the percentage of plant-sourced ingredients versus petrochemical-derived components.
Carbon-14 testing assures consumers that biobased claims truly represent product composition.
## Use Ecolabels
Beta Analytic’s marketing specialist Haley Gershon describes in a recently published article how manufacturers can use the carbon-14 test results to prove if their product has the required percentage of biobased content to qualify for certain eco-labels.
For instance, to display the [USDA Certified Biobased Product](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) label, general purpose laundry detergents must have a biobased content level of at least 34%. DIN CERTCO’s [DIN-Geprüft Biobased certification scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/din-certco.html) and TÜV AUSTRIA’s [OK biobased program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html) also require carbon-14 testing to qualify in their programs.
There are several [analytical standards](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html) that can be used to measure biobased content. The **USDA BioPreferred® Program**, for example, specifically states that carbon-14 testing will be done in accordance to analytical standard ASTM D6866. Under the [Bio-based Content Certification Scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/european-scheme.html), the Carbon-14 content of a product will be determined according to the European analytical standard [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html)
For more information, please read the article [Biobased Laundry Detergents](https://www.teknoscienze.com/Contents/Riviste/Sfogliatore/HPC5_2019/8/) published in the September/October 2019 edition of Household and Personal Care (H&PC) Today.
## Rapid Biobased Content Testing
Miami-based Beta Analytic provides rapid, professional biobased content testing services worldwide.
For turnaround time or price inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA, DIN CERTCO or TUV Austria.
*Image Credit: karunasanghvi from Pixabay*
**Categories:** Biobased Products
**Tags:** Biobased Products
---
### [Authenticating the Biobased Content of Flavors and Fragrances](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-flavors-fragrances/)
**Published:** September 4, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Ingredient adulteration and mislabeling of flavors and fragrances are often due to consumer demand for naturally sourced ingredients, the relatively high prices for these commodities, and the often limited availability of plant material. In a recent article, Beta Analytic Marketing Specialist Haley Gershon describes how carbon-14 testing provides reassurance that ingredient origin of flavors and fragrances are truly “natural.”
Several programs and regulations such as the [Food Chemicals Codex (FCC)](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fcc.html) and [Flavouring Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/flavorings.html) recognize carbon-14 analysis as a method for distinguishing **biobased sourced content** from petroleum-derived material.
Biomass-based ingredients contain a known level of carbon-14 while petrochemical-derived synthetics do not contain any carbon-14, thus allowing the analysis to determine a product’s percent biobased content depending on the amount of carbon-14 present.
Thus, **carbon-14 testing** has become a useful tool for counterfeit detection, ingredient authentication and validation of naturally sourced claims.
For more information, please read the article [Naturally Sourced F&F Ingredients: Regulations and Verification Through Carbon-14](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/fragrance/regulatory-research/article/21857133/beta-analytic-inc-naturally-sourced-ff-ingredients-regulations-and-verifications-through-carbon14), published in the Perfumer & Flavorist’s Digital Magazine exclusive.
## Beta Analytic’s Rapid Flavors & Fragrances Testing Services
Miami-based ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides professional **biobased content testing** of flavors and fragrances by carbon-14 analysis. The lab also has a faster service available.
For turnaround time or price inquiries, please contact the lab using this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
*Image credit: Pixabay*
**Categories:** Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis
---
### [How You Can Get Your Product into the USDA BioPreferred Catalog](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-biopreferred-catalog-application/)
**Published:** September 15, 2016
**Author:** FG
**Excerpt:** The USDA BioPreferred Program is the most important government-backed initiative for producers that use biomass materials in their products. If you have developed a new product that uses biomass, or even if you are in the process of researching and developing a new product, you will need to know the benefits of the USDA Certified Biobased Product label and the process for entering your product into the program.
**Content:**
The [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) is the most important government-backed initiative for producers that use biomass materials in their products. If you have developed a new product that uses biomass, or even if you are in the process of researching and developing a new product, you will need to know the benefits of the **USDA Certified Biobased Product label** and the process for entering your product into the program.
Participation in the program is free, and the only direct cost of entering comes from third-party testing to verify the biobased content of your product.
## What is the USDA BioPreferred Program?
The BioPreferred Program is primarily an economic initiative that aims to promote growth in the bio-economy. For manufacturers and product developers, one of the biggest advantages of the Program is that it provides a recognized brand for selling products that are created using biomass. When a product is certified under the Program, it can legally display the official USDA Certified Biobased Product label with an indicator of the percentage of biomass that is used in the product and/or its packaging.
The Program has created billions of dollars worth of economic benefits in the United States, both through sales of biobased products and jobs in the bio-economy.
The economic initiative also creates environmental benefits, with the USDA BioPreferred Program stating that **biobased products** currently displace up to 300 million gallons of petroleum per year, thanks to the use of biomass alternatives over traditional petroleum products.
## How can you enter your product into the Program?
There are three high-level requirements that must be met before a manufacturer can enter the USDA BioPreferred lprogram.
- The biobased content in a product must be covered under the definition of the Farm Bill. The government defines content as commercial or industrial goods (not including food or livestock feed) that are composed in significant part of biological products, renewable agricultural materials, or forestry materials. This can include marine-based, plant, or animal-based materials.
- The product needs to meet minimum biobased content requirements. These vary for different categories, and products that don’t fall into existing categories can still be certified if they are at least 25% biobased.
- Third-party testing must be performed to ensure that the product meets minimum standards. Testing must be performed by an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory that offers [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html).
Registration for the program is free, but you will need to pay to have your products tested. Actual costs vary depending on the product and turnaround time of the lab.
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA BioPreferred Program Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
## Biobased Content Testing at Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic offers biobased content testing in full compliance with the ASTM D6866 standard. The lab is an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory that has extensive experience with testing biobased products. The company was involved in the initial program that developed the testing standard used for the USDA BioPreferred Program.
ASTM D6866 test results are reported in 7 business days or less. A faster service is also available. Please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) for price inquiries.
**You might also be interested in these topics:**
[Office and Shipping Products – USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biopreferred-office/)
[How to Promote your Biobased Laundry Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/bio-based-products-laundry/)
[3 Tips for Footwear Makers who need Biobased Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes/)
**Categories:** USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** BioPreferred Program, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Carbon-14 Test Shows Biobased Content of Skincare Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/carbon-14-test-skincare/)
**Published:** May 15, 2020
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** A recent edition of Personal Care North America features Beta Analytic's article highlighting the importance of Carbon-14 testing in the skincare industry.
**Content:**
A recent edition of Personal Care North America features Beta Analytic’s article highlighting the importance of **Carbon-14 testing** in the skincare industry.
Consumers increasingly seek eco-friendly skincare products that include natural **“biobased”** ingredients and are marked with certifications and eco-labels. In response to the demand, manufacturers are formulating products with biobased ingredients. But how do they prove it?
Haley Gershon of Beta Analytic explains that to verify and demonstrate to customers that products indeed contain biobased ingredients, manufacturers often consult an ISO 17025-accredited carbon-14 dating lab for “natural vs synthetic” testing. After submitting samples, the lab performs **carbon-14 analysis** using an accelerator mass spectrometer. Depending on the amount of carbon-14 present, the percentage of biobased content is calculated.
Measuring a product ingredient’s biobased content acts as a powerful marketing and communications tool for companies to demonstrate their eco-friendliness and qualify products for biobased eco-labels, Ms. Gershon notes.
Recognizable certification schemes for biobased products include the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)®, in which eligible products can display the **USDA Certified Biobased Product label.**
Ms. Gershon is Marketing Manager at Florida-based Beta Analytic. The full article can be found in pages 18-19 of Personal Care North America May 2020 edition.
**Categories:** Biobased Products, Natural Product Testing
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program Adds Intermediates Product Categories](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-biobased-products/)
**Published:** August 10, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Effective August 9, 2018, manufacturers of several biobased intermediates can join the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s **BioPreferred Program**®. Qualified intermediates will be afforded procurement preference by federal agencies and their contractors.
The 12 new product categories are:
| USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories | \* Minimum Biobased Content Requirement |
|---|---|
| Intermediates — plastic resins | 22% |
| Intermediates — chemicals | 22% |
| Intermediates — paint and coating components | 22% |
| Intermediates — textile processing materials | 22% |
| Intermediates — foams | 22% |
| Intermediates — fibers and fabrics | 25% |
| Intermediates — lubricant components | 44% |
| Intermediates — binders | 47% |
| Intermediates — cleaner components | 55% |
| Intermediates — personal care product components | 62% |
| Intermediates — oils, fats, and waxes | 65% |
| Intermediates — rubber materials | 96% |
*\* as measured by [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) testing*
Federal agencies are required to give procurement preference for qualifying biobased intermediates no later than July 10, 2019.
## The USDA BioPreferred Program
The USDA BioPreferred Program aims to increase domestic demand for many agricultural commodities that can serve as feedstocks for production of biobased products and to spur development of the industrial base through value-added agricultural processing and manufacturing in rural communities. According to the USDA, the Program’s economic impact has reached $393 billion as of 2014.
Reference:
Office of Procurement and Property Management. Final Rule – Designation of Product Categories for Federal Procurement – [83 FR 31841](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/07/10/2018-14594/designation-of-product-categories-for-federal-procurement) (July 2018)
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing. Please* [*contact the lab*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *for inquiries on fees and turnaround time.*
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
**Tags:** Biobased Products, USDA BioPreferred label
---
### [Beta Analytic Actualités & Evénements](https://www.betalabservices.com/fr-news/)
**Published:** February 15, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Categories:** SGS Beta articles in French
---
### [Essential Oils Testing - Natural vs Synthetic](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oils-testing/)
**Published:** September 25, 2019
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In an article published recently in Personal Care Europe, Beta Analytic’s marketing specialist Haley Gershon described the value of Carbon-14 testing in the growing essential oils industry as a tool to help stop the spread of synthetic, petrochemical-derived ingredients erroneously labeled as “natural”.
Natural essential oils are made of highly concentrated plant constituents. However, when aiming for lower production costs, manufacturers may opt to use nature-identical additives containing the same chemical makeup, but from petrochemical sources rather than from plants.
## Carbon-14 Analysis of Essential Oils
Identification of **adulterated essential oils** is possible through the use of analytical techniques such as carbon-14 testing, which indicates whether the origin of an essential oil is natural (biomass) or petrochemical (fossil). Material derived from plant origin contains a known level of the carbon-14 isotope, whereas petrochemical-derived material does not contain any carbon-14.
With the possibility that essential oils containing synthetic constituents are labelled “100% natural,” it is necessary to use **carbon-14 analysis** to distinguish between pure plant and petrochemical-adulterated essential oils.
More information can be found in the article “[Carbon-14 analysis: natural versus synthetic essential oil](https://www.personalcaremagazine.com/story/30959/carbon-14-analysis-natural-versus-synthetic-essential-oil)” published in Personal Care Europe in September 2019.
---
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Rapid Carbon-14 Analysis of Essential Oils
Miami-based Beta Analytic provides rapid, high-quality carbon-14 analysis for various essential oils. For inquiries on rates or turnaround time, please contact the lab using this [form ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
*Photo credit: Mareefe at Pexels.com*
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Natural Product Testing
---
### [Étude de cas sur le curcuma : vérification des allégations « naturelles » par l'analyse du carbone 14 et HPLC](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcuma-c14-hplc-analyses/)
**Published:** February 11, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Le curcuma est un complément alimentaire populaire, une plante médicinale et une épice. Cette popularité a rendu le curcuma et ses dérivés curcuminoïdes vulnérables à l’adultération motivée par des motifs économiques et à un étiquetage « naturel » trompeur. En collaboration avec le laboratoire Eurofins et l’association à but non lucratif Global Curcumin Association, le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO 17025 a récemment publié une étude de cas utilisant une stratégie d’analyse orthogonale afin de vérifier les allégations « entièrement naturelles » sur les étiquettes des compléments alimentaires contenant des extraits de curcuma.
**Stratégie envisagée pour le contrôle de la qualité des produits à base de curcuma**
Quatorze (14) échantillons de compléments à base de curcuma vendus aux États-Unis ont été sélectionnés au hasard pour cette étude de cas. Les 14 produits prétendaient être « d’origine entièrement naturelle ». Pour vérifier ces affirmations, deux méthodes analytiques ont été utilisées – la chromatographie liquide à haute performance (HPLC) et[ l’analyse au carbone 14 par spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/datation-radiocarbone-ams.html).
Selon l’étude, un pourcentage élevé de la valeur curcumine-curcuminoïdes a été utilisé comme indicateur de la présence de[ curcumine](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/alimentaire.html) synthétique. Cependant, l’utilisation de la méthode HPLC seule ne fournit pas de preuve directe de l’origine naturelle des curcuminoïdes. La méthode HPLC est souvent utilisée dans l’industrie des compléments alimentaires pour identifier et quantifier avec précision les constituants chimiques d’un produit fini ou d’une matière première.
**L’analyse du carbone 14** améliore le contrôle de la qualité des compléments alimentaires en déterminant le pourcentage de matière dérivée de[ la biomasse par rapport aux sources synthétiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biomasse.html) dérivées de la pétrochimie. Cependant, la méthode ne peut pas être utilisée pour vérifier les déclarations de dosage ni pour déterminer quel composant d’un produit contient du carbone 14.
L’analyse des résultats des deux méthodes a montré une corrélation significative entre le pourcentage de curcumine par rapport aux curcuminoïdes et le **contenu biosourcé,** ce qui indique que la curcumine synthétique était largement attribuée à des ingrédients synthétiques déterminés.
Les promoteurs de la recherche ont conclu qu’une stratégie basée sur les analyses du carbone 14 et HPLC peut être utilisée pour le contrôle / l’assurance qualité de routine des produits à base de curcuma ; l’analyse du carbone 14 étant le principal outil pour déterminer la présence d’ingrédients synthétiques et les analyses HPLC pouvant être utilisées comme confirmation secondaire pour indiquer le pic de curcumine synthétique.
**Résultats de l’étude de cas sur le curcuma**
Neuf des quatorze échantillons (9 sur 14) étaient entièrement issus de la biomasse (c’est-à-dire 100 % d’origine naturelle) sur la base des résultats d’analyse du carbone 14. Les cinq échantillons restants étaient un mélange de sources naturelles et fossiles avec des résultats variant entre 83% et 91% de contenu biosourcé, ce qui met en évidence de faux étiquetages.
Sur la base des résultats des deux méthodes analytiques, seuls quatre échantillons (4 sur 14) se sont avérés exacts concernant le dosage et les allégations « naturelles » indiqués sur leurs étiquettes.
Le test d’activité HPLC a été réalisé par Eurofins Botanical Testing en utilisant la méthodologie de la monographie USP Curcuminoïdes. Beta Analytic a utilisé[ la norme analytique ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html) pour mesurer le pourcentage d’ingrédients dérivés de la biomasse par rapport aux ingrédients dérivés du pétrole des 14 échantillons.
Pour plus d’informations, veuillez lire l’article[ “Analytical strategies to determine the labelling accuracy and economically-motivated adulteration of “natural” dietary supplements in the marketplace: Turmeric case study”](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814621020136?via=ihub) publié dans le Food Chemistry journal Volume 30 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131007).
**L’analyse du carbone 14 est-elle nécessaire ?**
Cet article peut également vous intéresser –[ Verifying Natural Products: Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
Beta Analytic a comparé les différentes méthodes analytiques utilisées pour analyser les produits naturels : chromatographie en phase gazeuse – spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS), analyse chirale, spectrométrie de masse à rapport isotopique (IRMS) et analyse du carbone 14.
[Inscrivez-vous à notre newsletter](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/newsletter-souscription.html) pour recevoir nos études de cas, des informations sur les webinaires à venir et autres nouvelles de l’industrie.
La version anglaise de cet article a été publiée le jeudi 30 septembre 2021.
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [JP News Home](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-news/)
**Published:** February 13, 2018
**Author:** DPO
**Categories:** SGS Beta articles in Japanese
---
### [Beta Analytic Discusses the Adulteration of Curcumin and Natural Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/curcumin-quality/)
**Published:** November 12, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
In a recent edition of Nutraceuticals Now, Beta Analytic Research Associate Anna Lykkeberg examined the adulteration of [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html) and how this translates into quality control for natural products in general. The article outlines the adulteration challenges and the role that carbon-14 testing can play in detecting petrochemical-derived adulterants in curcumin as well as the implications adulteration holds for supply chain integrity and the use of the “natural” label.
As natural products like curcumin and turmeric become evermore popular, so follows a rising incentive for economically motivated adulteration. One key adulterant of naturally sourced curcumin is the synthetic form sourced from petrochemicals as it is significantly cheaper to manufacture.
The implications of such adulteration are serious. The integrity of the supply chain is broken, the quality of the final product can no longer be assured and this is a potential food safety issue. Any products making use of the “natural” label face the additional problem of misleading consumers if any synthetic ingredients are detected. Both of these problems can have long-term legal and financial repercussions. Staying on top of quality control in this fast-paced market is crucial.
For more information, see Beta Analytic’s article [“Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry”](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/) in the Supply Side West (SSW) 2018 issue of Nutraceuticals Now.
## Detecting Adulteration in Curcumin
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides the nutraceuticals industry high-quality carbon-14 analysis to detect the presence of any petrochemical-derived synthetic adulterants. Results are reported within 7 business days or less with technical support available throughout the submission process. For inquiries, please [contact the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Natural or Synthetic Vitamin E - Does It Matter?](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-or-synthetic-vitamin-e/)
**Published:** October 9, 2018
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
The vitamin supplement market has boomed over recent years and is expected to reach a global market value of USD 81 billion by 2025 according to Persistence Market Research. Looking at Vitamin E in particular, its origin—natural or synthetic—has been a popular topic of discussion. As consumer interest increases in natural products, vitamin supplements have not escaped public scrutiny over the presence of synthetic versions.
## Sources of Vitamin E
Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and boosts the immune system. It can be found in foods like nuts, vegetable oils and green vegetables. Vitamin E has been used to denote eight different related compounds of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Research has shown, however, that only one form is extracted and used by the body. This form is known as RRR-alpha-tocopherol or d-alpha-tocopherol. The prefixes refer to the spatial arrangement of the elements in the molecule, as different stereoisomers exist but with a different spatial arrangement.
In natural sources, alpha-tocopherol is present in its d form. Many supplements, however, use synthetic alpha-tocopherol, which can be made from cheap petrochemicals. The synthetic form is racemic, an even mixture of stereoisomers, referred to as dl-alpha-tocopherol.
For consumers, differentiation between the **Vitamin E sources** can be made by checking the label.
The definition of natural and synthetic is also a contentious subject. Although not the case with all vitamins, naturally sourced alpha-tocopherol is chemically different to the synthetic version and, hence, has different biological activity. Since it has been found that the d-alpha-tocopherol is the form with the highest efficacy, the synthetic Vitamin E has a much lower effect and benefit.
## Vitamin E – Natural vs Synthetic
Vigilance on the part of both consumers and manufacturers of vitamin supplements plays an important role in staying on top of the natural versus synthetic discussion. For consumers, the importance of making informed decisions when it comes to supplements has meant more attention is being paid to labels and ingredient lists. For manufacturers, there is a responsibility to ensure the quality of the products and to be able to back up any claims that are made. This is important to keep the consumer confidence high.
As consumer interest in natural products increases, so does the incentive for **economically motivated adulteration**. Catching adulteration can be tricky as methods are constantly evolving. Having independently verified testing done to authenticate any “natural” claims can be a part of a robust quality assurance program and in the long-term, safeguard the all-important bottom line.
Vitamin E provides a compelling case for the push toward clean labels and transparency. Firstly, there is the question of specific content since Vitamin E has been used to denote a range of compounds. Secondly, there is the differentiation between the natural (d) and synthetic (dl) versions of the key compound alpha-tocopherol. Lastly comes the task of quality control, how is authenticity being checked?
## Beta Analytic and Natural Product Analysis
[Carbon-14 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fraud-detection.html) is a way to differentiate between natural-sourced material from plants or animals versus petrochemical-derived materials. As a weakly radioactive isotope of carbon-12 that is produced continually in the atmosphere, carbon-14 is present in all living organisms in a known amount. Once no longer living and, therefore, no longer part of the carbon cycle, the amount of carbon-14 decays in accordance with its radioactive decay half-life. Petroleum and its derivatives are sufficiently old that they no longer contain any carbon-14. Measuring the carbon-14 content is therefore an easy test to determine the percentage of a product that is made from natural versus petrochemical-derived synthetic sources.
Beta Analytic is an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory that offers **natural product testing of vitamins** and other supplements using the carbon-14 method. Results can be accessed online 24/7 along with QA reports.
Expert technical support is available at no additional cost at any point prior to, during or after the analysis. For turnaround time inquiries, call the lab at 305-662-7760 or use this [contact form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**References:**
Persistence Market Research. 2017. [Asia Pacific Projected to Lead the Global Vitamin Supplements Market During 2017 – 2025](https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/mediarelease/vitamins-supplements-market.asp). Accessed October 2018.
Research and Markets. 2018. [Global Vitamin E market – Growth, Trends, and Forecast (2018 – 2023](https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/6dgm6n/global_vitamin_e?w=5)). Accessed October 2018.
National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. [Vitamin E Fact Sheet for Consumers](https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-Consumer/). Accessed October 2018.
Lelah, M. 2008. National Health Research Institute. [Natural vs. Synthetic Vitamin E](https://www.naturalhealthresearch.org/natural-vs-synthetic-vitamin-e/). Accessed October 2018.
Passwater, R. A. 2016. Wholefoods Magazine. [Toward A Better Understanding of Vitamin E Part 1: Clarifying Its Essential Vitamin Role](https://wholefoodsmagazine.com/columns/vitamin-connection/toward-better-understanding-vitamin-e-part-1-clarifying-its-essential-vit/). Accessed October 2016.
Passwater, R. A. 2016. Wholefoods Magazine. [A Better Understanding of Vitamin E Part 2: “Natural-Source” and Synthetic Vitamin E](https://wholefoodsmagazine.com/columns/vitamin-connection/better-understanding-vitamin-e-part-2-natural-source-and-synthetic-vita/). Accessed October 2018.
**Categories:** Natural Product Testing, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Beta Analytic Talks About Natural Garlic Oil Verification](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-garlic-oil/)
**Published:** August 7, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
In a recently published issue of the Perfumer & Flavorist, Beta Analytic Global Operations Manager Jasmine Garside talks about challenges in garlic oil production, the vulnerability of garlic oil to adulteration and how companies can verify the “natural” claims of their suppliers through Carbon-14 analysis.
Many ingredient suppliers sell both [natural and synthetic](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) garlic oil. By incorporating in their Quality Assurance programs third-party analytical testing to verify the natural content of the garlic oil used in their products, companies are able to protect the integrity of their brands.
For more details, please read Beta Analytic’s article “[A Closer Look at Garlic Oil: Verifying Naturality](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/flavor/research/A-Closer-Look--436985963.html "A Closer Look at Garlic Oil: Verifying Naturality")” in Perfumer & Flavorist Volume 42 August 2017 issue.
### Natural Products Laboratory Beta Analytic
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality Carbon-14 analysis of garlic oil and other ingredients to detect petrochemical adulteration. Results are provided in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For inquiries, please email the lab or call a [local forwarding facility](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding facility").
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates, Supplement Carbon-14 Testing
**Tags:** Essential oil testing, Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Beta Analytic Recommends Natural Source Testing to F&F Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-testing/)
**Published:** December 2, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
According to ISO 17025-accredited natural product testing lab Beta Analytic, Carbon-14 analysis is an ideal tool for the flavor and fragrance industry to address challenges in demonstrating the natural source of products in a reproducible manner. Through Carbon-14 analysis, petrochemical adulteration of flavors and fragrance oils can be easily detected.
There are several suppliers that sell both natural and synthetic flavors or essential oils. Through **Carbon-14 analysis**, vendors are able provide third-party analytical proof of their products’ veracity and buyers can discover mislabeling at the procurement stage.
For more information, please read Beta Analytic’s article “[Natural Source Testing for Flavors and Fragrances](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/flavor/research/Natural-Source-Testing-for-Flavors-and-Fragrances-404303426.html "Natural Source Testing for Flavors and Fragrances")” in Perfumer & Flavorist Volume 41 December 2016 issue.
### Beta Analytic Natural Product Testing Services
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic has recently expanded its services to include [natural product testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html) that detects petrochemical adulteration in products such as flavors, fragrances, essential oils, botanical extracts and supplements. For pricing or turnaround time inquiries, please email the lab or call a [local forwarding facility](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "local forwarding facility").
**Categories:** Essential Oil Testing, Flavor & Fragrance, Flavors Carbon-14 Analysis, Natural Product Testing, SGS Beta Updates
**Tags:** Essential oil testing, Natural vs Synthetic
---
### [Growth & Projections of the Green Chemicals Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/growth-green-chemicals-industry/)
**Published:** May 3, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** At a global scale, the bio-based chemicals market size was valued at US$75.9 billion in 2021 and between $107.6 and $126.25 billion in 2022 with a growth projection of 8.8% annually between 2022 and 2030. Innovation in analytical tools and availability of data has made it easier for companies to develop and commercialize new products in this space as valuing waste streams has become more important across the globe.
**Content:**
At a global scale, the biobased chemicals market was valued at US$75.9 billion in 2021 and between $107.6 and $126.25 billion in 2022 with a growth projection of 8.8% annually between 2022 and 2030. Innovation in analytical tools and availability of data has made it easier for companies to develop and commercialize new products in this space as valuing waste streams has become more important across the globe.
## **Biobased Chemicals & the EPA’s 12 Principles of Green Chemistry**
According to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), a biobased chemical is “a chemical derived or synthesized in whole or in part from biological materials.” These chemicals are used as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-based chemicals due to their capacity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and minimize chemical waste. Consumer’s preferences for plant-based ingredients are a leading cause of growth for the biobased and biochemical industry.
One of the key principles within the [US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 12 Principles of Green Chemistry](https://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/basics-green-chemistry#twelve) is the use of renewable feedstocks: Use starting materials (also known as feedstocks) that are renewable rather than depletable. The source of renewable feedstocks is often agricultural products (wheat, maize, beet, cane sugar, ryegrass, alfalfa grass, lignocellulosic crops and residues, palm and oilseed rape, algae, seaweed, and organic residues) or the wastes of other processes; the source of depletable feedstocks is often fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, or coal), or mining operations.
The EPA’s 12 Principles of Green Chemistry are rooted in the [Pollution Prevention Act of 1990](https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-pollution-prevention-act) which integrated the pollution-prevention hierarchy of reducing, recycling, treating, and disposing of source pollutants through cost effective changes in production, operation, and raw material use.
Green Chemistry is defined as aiming “to design and produce cost-competitive chemical products and processes that attain the highest level of the pollution-prevention hierarchy by reducing pollution at its source.” Source reduction focuses on reducing hazards to human health and the environment; it is any practice that decreases the amount of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants entering a waste stream or entering the environment, including fugitive emissions, prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal. This can include modifications or reformulations of products as well as substitutions of raw materials.
Examples of biochemicals made through green chemistry practices include ethanol, lysine and citric acid, sorbitol, glycerol as well as fatty acids. The applications of green chemicals cover a wide range of industries such as adhesives and coatings, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products.
## **Green Chemical Market in the US & Canada**
The emergence of the biochemicals industry in the US looks promising. The Green Chemicals market in the US was estimated at $33.8 billion in 2022. The contribution of this region to the industry can be reflected in the labor market as well. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, biochemistry employment is forecasted to grow 4% between 2019 and 2026.
On the other hand, the US government has taken steps to boost the biochemical industry through legislation and the creation of programs. Introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives in April 2021, the [Renewable Chemicals Act of 2021 (RCA)](https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/2532/text?s=1&r=18) would provide a 15% per pound federal tax credit to manufacturers that produce biobased chemicals with at least 95% [biobased content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html). Variations of the RCA have been adopted in various states (MN, KY, NE, IA). In addition, the Department of Agriculture’s [Rural Business and Cooperative Service (RBSE)](https://www.rd.usda.gov/programs-services/energy-programs/biorefinery-renewable-chemical-and-biobased-product-manufacturing-assistance-program) has launched the “Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical, and Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program” (BAP or Section 9003 Program) which offers loan guarantees to assist in the development of manufacturing facilities for renewable chemicals, biobased chemical and biofuels producers.
Canada is working to become a global exporter of biochemicals by using their vast forest resources. This country is developing value-added “green” chemicals through their [Bio-Pathways Project](https://natural-resources.canada.ca/forest-forestry/forest-industry-trade/bio-pathways-project) which started in 2009 and has grown significantly. One of the goals of the project is to develop a biorefinery where traditional products as well as renewable fuels, plastics, and chemicals for the pharmaceutical and food industries are generated. In Canada, the Green Chemicals market is forecast to grow 7% between 2020 and 2027.
## Growth of Green Chemicals Industry in Europe
A recent study by the [Joint Research Centre (JRC)](https://commission.europa.eu/about/departments-and-executive-agencies/joint-research-centre_en), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service, predicts an annual growth of 3.6% for the biobased chemicals market between 2018 and 2025. Researchers based the study on 10 product categories (platform chemical molecules, solvents, polymers for plastics, paints, surfactants, cosmetics, adhesives, lubricants, plasticisers, synthetic fibers) that involve the biobased chemicals market, in which the industries of cosmetics, surfactants and adhesives are expected to have higher growth in this region.
According to the JRC publication, biobased chemicals are produced in the EU at a rate of 4.7 Mt/year (metric tonne per year) which represents 3% of the global market for these categories listed. Germany, a stand out market in Europe, is expected to reach an annual growth rate of 7.6% between 2022 and 2030.
## Asia – The Leading Biochemicals Market
One analysis positions the Asia Pacific region as the leader in the biochemicals market from 2022-2030 with a $148.6 billion market size in 2030. Within Asia, China has the highest current and projected growth in the biobased chemicals market. China, the world’s second largest economy after the US, is projected to reach a market size of $42.2 billion in 2030, achieving an annual growth rate of 9.2% between 2022 and 2030.
Another growing market in Asia is Japan, which is forecasted to grow 9% over the 2022-2030 period. Consumer trends toward more eco-friendly products and the rapidly expanding biodiesel industry throughout Asia are projected to bring promising growth opportunities for the Indian biochemical market, specifically.
## **Brazil Leads Latin America**‘s Green Chemicals Industry
Latin America has the lowest compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in the green chemicals industry compared to the aforementioned regions but is expected to see a significant increase in valuation over the next few years as major end-use industries demand more biobased chemicals. The leading contributor to the biobased chemical industry in Latin America is Brazil, followed by Mexico.
The majority of biochemical initiatives in the Latin American region are driven by government actions to promote the use of biodegradable plastic bags by banning petroleum-based plastic grocery bags. As governments are integrating more environmentally conscious legislation, such as Belize’s Department of Environment introducing a national standard for biodegradable product specifications and labeling which came into effect on August 1, 2021, further use of biobased chemicals in packaging is encouraged. Regarding standard and eco-label generation, Braskem, headquartered in Sao Paulo Brazil, is a leading thermoplastic resin provider in the region and has their own [Braskem I’m Green biobased label.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-testing-renewable-plastics/) Rising prices for raw materials in petroleum-based chemicals, government reforms, and consumer awareness contribute to a growing green chemicals market in Latin America and globally.
**References:**
1. 2020. An Economic Impact Analysis of the U.S. Biobased Products Industry: 2019 update. Daystar, J., Handfeld, R.B., Pascual-Gonzalez, J., McConnell, E. and J.S. Golden (2020) (Accessed August 2021).
2. 2023. Green Chemistry. US EPA.
3. 2022. Summary of the Pollution Prevention Act. US EPA.
4. 2023. Green Chemicals – Global Market Trajectory & Analytics. Global Industry Analysts, Inc.
5. 2023. Green Chemicals Market. Vantage Market Research & Consultancy Services.
6. 2021. Bio-Based Chemicals Market Trends and Forecast, A Comprehensive Overview in 2023-2031*.* Market Watch.
7. 2020. Global Bio-Based Chemicals Market Size By Type, By Application, By Geographic Scope And Forecast. Verified Market Research. (Accessed August 2021).
8. 2021. H.R.2532 – Renewable Chemicals Act of 2021. US Congress (2021-2022).
9. 2021. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Biochemists and Biophysicists. US Bureau of Labor Statistics. (Accessed August 2021).
10. 2020. Forest bioeconomy, bioenergy and bioproducts. Natural Resources Canada. (Accessed August 2021).
11. 2021. Bio-Pathways Project. Natural Resources Canada.
12. 2019. Insights into the European market for bio-based chemicals, EUR 29581 EN, Publications Office of the European Union. Spekreijse, J., Lammens, T., Parisi, C., Ronzon, T. and Vis, M. (Accessed August 2021).
13. 2022. Biochemical Market- Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, Regional Outlook, and Forecast 2022-2030. Precedence Research.
14. 2023. Bio-based Platform Chemicals Market Segmented by Product Type, Regional analysis. Market Data Forecast.
15. 2019. Latin America Biobased Chemicals Market 2019-2028. Triton Market Research.
[Join our mailing list](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html) to receive news of upcoming webinars by Beta and its subsidiaries as well as other industry updates.
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
### [Certification du contenu biosourcé des produits de revêtement](https://www.betalabservices.com/dow-chemical-biosourcee-certification/)
**Published:** January 17, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Alors que la demande des consommateurs pour des produits de revêtement respectueux de l’environnement qui répondent aux normes de performance et de sécurité continue de croître, une certification par un tiers s’avère utile pour les stratégies marketing des fabricants. Un article co-écrit par Summer Zhang et Hui Jian de Beta Analytic et Xuan Nan de Dow Chemical (Chine) décrit comment vérifier la teneur en carbone biosourcé des produits et partage les actualités de l’industrie des revêtements biosourcés.
## Analyses biosourcées et certification par un tiers
La mesure du contenu biosourcé des produits de revêtement peut être effectuée grâce[ à l’analyse ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html). L’ASTM D6866 est une norme internationale qui utilise **l’analyse du carbone 14** pour déterminer le contenu biosourcé de tout produit solide, liquide ou gazeux.
Les fabricants de produits de revêtement peuvent également demander l’obtention d’écolabels ou d’autres programmes de certification. Le[programme BioPreferred du Département de l’agriculture des États-Unis (USDA)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html), par exemple, permet aux candidats qualifiés d’afficher visiblement une étiquette indiquant le pourcentage de contenu biosourcé d’un produit. L’initiative vise à aider les consommateurs à identifier les produits biosourcés sur le marché.
Pour plus d’informations, veuillez lire l’article[ Bio-based Coatings Products and Bio-based Carbon Content Certification](https://www.chinacoatings.com.cn/journal/view.php?itemid=1029) publié dans China Coating 5/2021 pp. 82-87.
---
*Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.*
## Services d’analyses biosourcées de haute qualité de Beta Analytic
Accrédité ISO 17025, le laboratoire Beta Analytic propose deux services pour les analyses du contenu biosourcé : standard (résultats communiqués en 7 jours ouvrés ou moins) et prioritaire (résultats communiqués en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins). Les résultats et les rapports d’assurance qualité sont disponibles en ligne 24h/24 et 7j/7. Le laboratoire fournit également une consultation technique illimitée.
*Beta Analytic n’est pas affilié à l’ASTM ou au programme BioPreferred de l’USDA. Le laboratoire basé à Miami répond aux demandes de renseignements sur les analyses de contenu biosourcé ASTM D6866. Veuillez utiliser[ce formulaire](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html) pour connaître nos tarifs ou obtenir un devis.*
[Inscrivez-vous à notre newsletter pour recevoir les nouvelles du laboratoire ainsi que les actualités de l’industrie.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/newsletter-souscription.html)
La version anglaise de cet article a été publiée le dimanche 13 juin 2021.
**Categories:** French Articles
---
### [Biobased Content Certification of Coating Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-content-coating-products/)
**Published:** June 13, 2021
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** An article co-written by Summer Zhang and Hui Jian of Beta Analytic and Xuan Nan of Dow Chemical (China) described how to verify the biobased carbon content of products and shared updates on the biobased coating industry.
**Content:**
As consumer demand for environmentally friendly coating products that meet performance and safety standards continues to grow, third-party certification has proven to be useful for manufacturers’ marketing strategies. An article co-written by Summer Zhang and Hui Jian of Beta Analytic and Xuan Nan of Dow Chemical (China) described how to verify the biobased carbon content of products and shared updates on the biobased coating industry.
## **Biobased Testing & Third-Party Certification**
Measuring the biobased content of coating products can be done through [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) testing. ASTM D6866 is an international standard that uses **Carbon-14 analysis** to determine the biobased content of any solid, liquid or gaseous product.
Manufacturers of coating products can also apply for ecolabels and other certification programs. The [United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)®, for example, enables qualified applicants to visibly display a label showing a product’s biobased content percentage. The initiative aims to help consumers identify biobased products in the marketplace.
For more details, please read [Bio-based Coatings Products and Bio-based Carbon Content Certification](https://www.chinacoatings.com.cn/journal/view.php?itemid=1029) published in China Coating 5/2021 pp. 82-87.
---
*Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.*
## Beta Analytic’s High-Quality Biobased Testing Services
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic offers two services for biobased content testing – standard (results reported in 7 business days or less) and priority (results reported in 4 business days or less). Results and quality assurance reports are available online 24/7. The lab also provides unlimited technical support.
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with ASTM or the USDA BioPreferred Program. The Miami-based lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing. Please use [this contact form](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html) to inquire on fees or request for quotations.*
---
#### **Ready to send your biobased products?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
---
[Join our mailing list to receive company news and industry updates.](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products, USDA Biopreferred Program
---
### [The FDRA's Guide on How to Make Sustainable Footwear](https://www.betalabservices.com/fdra-guide-on-making-sustainable-shoes/)
**Published:** April 17, 2023
**Author:** RL
**Excerpt:** In an effort to make the footwear industry more sustainable, the Footwear Distributors and Retailers of America (FDRA) created a guide that provides basic Environmentally Preferred Material (EPM) thresholds for shoe companies and set benchmarks so brands will know if they are exceeding industry averages. The FDRA is a business and trade association with more than 700 brands and retailers as members.
**Content:**
In an effort to make the footwear industry more sustainable, the Footwear Distributors and Retailers of America (FDRA) created a guide that provides basic Environmentally Preferred Material (EPM) thresholds for shoe companies and set benchmarks so brands will know if they are exceeding industry averages. The FDRA is a business and trade association with more than 700 brands and retailers as members.
## **An Operational Guide on Making Better Material Choices**
With feedback from suppliers and dozens of shoe companies, the FDRA developed the EPM Guide to cover an “average shoe” to assist companies just starting out on their sustainability efforts and those who have started but still need guidance on how to move forward. As the footwear industry progresses, the FDRA will also update the EPM guide with higher percentages and targets.
While the Guide is not a binding requirement for FDRA members, it does incentivize them to adopt these best practices by discussing certifications available for products that meet requirements in line with the EPM Guide. Throughout the Guide, the FDRA emphasizes the materials’ minimum thresholds of [biobased carbon content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) as well as the recycled content for two independent certifications offered by the Textile Exchange – the Global Recycled Standard (GRS) and the Recycled Claim Standard (RCS).
## **Biobased Content Thresholds of Shoe Materials**
EPM Guide Version 1.0 includes biobased content thresholds for these materials. The biobased carbon measurements must be done by an independent laboratory using the [ASTM D6866 test method.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
| Materials | EPM threshold: Minimum footwear industry requirements | EPM Advanced Targets: Green North Star Goals (by 2035) |
|---|---|---|
| Foams – EVA | >10% bio-based content | >22% bio-based content \*USDA BioPreferred Program Certified |
| Foams – PU / TPE / SEBS |
| Synthetic Leather (PU) |
| Thermoplastic – BPU / TPU / PP / TPR / Synthetic Rubber |
| Plastic inserts in packaging materials | 25% bio-based content | >50% bio-based content |
## **About the FDRA**
The FDRA aims to provide its members with clear and simple best practices for reducing environmental footprints associated with various materials commonly used in footwear products. The organization believes that providing and explaining these clear steps to its members will help the industry move toward greater sustainability.
With an active sustainability program and working group, more than 100 shoe companies join the FDRA’s monthly events to learn the best practices on reducing their environmental footprint. For more details, please visit www.fdra.org
##### References:
[Footwear Environmentally Preferred Material (EPM) Guide Version 1.0 (September 2021)](https://www.shoesustainability.com/epm)
[Textile Exchange Recycled Claim Standard and Global Recycled Standard](https://textileexchange.org/recycled-claim-global-recycled-standard/)
Photo credit: Pixabay
---
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the FDRA, the Textile Exchange, or the USDA BioPreferred Program.*
*The ISO 17025-accredited lab welcomes inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing.*
*Please use* [*this contact form*](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) *to inquire on fees and turnaround time.*
---
**You may also be interested in:**
- [Important Tips for Footwear Makers who need Biobased Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes/)
- [Biobased Content of Reebok Shoes](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-biobased-shoes/)
[*Subscribe to Beta’s newsletter to receive news of upcoming webinars and other industry updates.*](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Categories:** Biobased Products
---
## Pages
### [Test Standards based on Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
SGS Beta offers Carbon-14 analysis using the following standards. NOTE: These standards do not distinguish between different natural sources, only whether the material is biomass-derived or petrochemical-sourced or both.
| Analytical Standards | Biobased Products | Biofuels & Lubricants | CO2 Emissions & Waste-Derived Materials | Hydrocarbon & Fuel Gases | Natural Ingredients |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| [ASTM D7833](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/astm-d7833.html) | | | | ✓ | |
| [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html) | | | ✓ | | |
| [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) | ✓ | | | | |
| [EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html) | ✓ | | | | |
| [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) | | | ✓ | | |
| [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) | ✓ | | | | ✓ |
| [ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-19984.html) | ✓ | | | | |
If you are sending samples to comply with certain regulations, tax credits or ecolabels, please consult the regulatory agency or certification organization what standardized method should be used before sending samples to SGS Beta.
#### **Related Test Standards (not offered by SGS Beta):**
[Selective Dissolution Method](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html) – limited to waste-derived samples that are 100% biodegradable
[ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html) – Guide on how to collect gas samples for ASTM D6866 testing
Page last updated: October 2026
---
### [The USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- The USDA BioPreferred® Program aims to aid consumers easily identify commercially available biobased products.
- Applicable to both domestic and imported products, the Program requires [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") testing from a USDA-approved laboratory.
- ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic has been approved by the USDA to provide ASTM D6866 testing for BioPreferred applicants.
---
#### **Ready to send samples?**
##### Please read the lab’s instructions for [USDA Certified Biobased Product Label Applicants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**Note to all Applicants** – Please make sure your Biobased Participant Agreement has been signed and accepted. If you obtain an analysis prior to acceptance, the USDA will not accept the result even if you have an application number. A tutorial on Label Application is found in the [USDA BioPreferred Program website](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml "USDA website").
#### Are you sending Intermediates or Retail Products?
**Intermediates** – If you have listed your material on the USDA Certified Biobased application as an intermediate product, it is okay to sub-sample and deliver in any packaging appropriate for the material. Our laboratory will take a picture once we receive the sample. “Intermediate” is a raw material which is sold then modified or used in making a “retail” product which is then purchased by the consumer.
**Retail Products** – If you have listed your material on the USDA Certified Biobased application as a retail product, please send a sample in its retail packaging (usually the smallest available). “Retail” is defined as a product that is purchased directly by the consumer or is a packaging used “as-is” to contain a product purchased by the consumer. The laboratory is required to take a picture of this as third-party validation of what was analyzed (i.e. the result was obtained on material taken from the same container shown in the picture). If you would like to sub-sample a retail product before submitting it to the laboratory, please consult the USDA BioPreferred Program.
Beta Analytic can only accept samples that can be disposed of legally by pouring down the drain or throwing in the garbage in the state of Florida. Please consult the laboratory before sending your samples.
---
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic is not affiliated with the USDA BioPreferred Program. However, you are welcome to contact the lab on how to submit samples for testing as part of the Program.
---
## BioPreferred Program’s Biobased Content Requirement
Created by the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Bill) and expanded by the [Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ334/pdf/PLAW-115publ334.pdf) (2018 Farm Bill), the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s BioPreferred Program aims to increase consumption of biobased products in the United States.
Under this Program, successful applicants (manufacturers and vendors) can affix a distinctive **USDA Certified Biobased Label** on their goods and marketing materials as long as their products meet the BioPreferred Program’s requirements. The minimum biobased content has been established as part of the process of designating categories for federal purchasing preference by the USDA’s BioPreferred Program. Products that do not belong to the existing categories designated for federal purchasing are still eligible if they are at least 25% biobased. The minimum biobased content for all items are subject to change. The USDA BioPreferred Program intends to increase the minimum biobased content over time as biobased product technologies advance.
##### What are Biobased Products?
According to the USDA BioPreferred Program, biobased products are commercial or industrial products (other than food, feed or fuel) that are:
– composed, in whole or in significant part, of biological products, including renewable domestic agricultural materials, renewable chemicals, and forestry materials;
– an intermediate ingredient or feedstock.
Biobased products generally provide an alternative to conventional petroleum-derived products.
[Click for USDA BioPreferred Program Product Categories & Minimum Biobased Content List](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "USDA Minimum Biobased Content")
*As of June 2022, there are three groups of biobased products in the BioPreferred Program: Certified-only (they do not fit into one of the 139 categories qualified for mandatory federal purchasing but have gone through the BioPreferred Program’s certification process); Qualified-only (they fall under one of the product categories but have not gone through the program’s certification process); and Qualified/Certified (they belong in one of the product categories AND have gone through the program’s certification process).*
## [\[VIDEO\] The USDA BioPreferred Program – Participant Perspective](#collapseOne)
*Video courtesy of the USDA • Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.*
## ASTM D6866 Biobased Testing Required
Other than product information, applicants are required to submit ASTM D6866 test results as evidence of the product’s biobased content. Applicants must also provide the USDA BioPreferred Program with the product’s brand names, contact information, and Web site URL (if available).
The Program intends to conduct occasional random ASTM D6866 testing on certified products to ensure compliance to minimum biobased content requirements.
**MULTIPLE PRODUCTS** – For products with similar biobased content but slightly different formulations, the USDA BioPreferred Program allows representative biobased content testing to suffice if the product formulation does not vary by more than 3 percent.
## USDA Certified Biobased Label
 The [USDA Certified Biobased Label](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA label example") consists of an artwork, the biobased content percentage, and either of these three text variations: USDA Certified Biobased Product, USDA Certified Biobased Product: Package, or USDA Certified Biobased Product and Package. The letters “FP” appear on the artwork of labels for products that qualify for mandatory federal purchasing.
The USDA Certified Biobased Label is also applicable to products imported for sale in the U.S. as long as they meet the same criteria as U.S.-sourced biobased products. Even if they are considered to be biobased in their countries of origin, these imported products will carry the label only if they meet specific USDA BioPreferred Program criteria.
There is no specified deadline for application submissions. Applications to the USDA BioPreferred Program are evaluated on a first-come-first-serve basis. Companies can only use the label on the biobased product identified in their application when they receive the notice of certification from the USDA. Rejected applicants can submit revised applications for reconsideration.
Certification remains valid only if the certified product complies with the required minimum biobased content. If the USDA revises the required minimum levels, the certified product must meet the new requirement to continue using the label.
Source: [Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products (Final Rule)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products in Federal Register"), Federal Register Vol. 76 No. 13 Pages 3790-3813 Published January 20, 2011
## Beta Analytic – The Leader in ASTM Method D6866 Testing
Beta Analytic joined the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96 as co-author of ASTM D6866 for biobased content analysis. The standard, adopted in July 2004, is an industrial application of radiocarbon dating. The current active version is ASTM D6866-22. The method is mentioned in the USDA BioPreferred Program as “ASTM Method D6866.”
The Center for Industrial Research and Service (CIRAS) at Iowa State University of Science and Technology, with the USDA at the helm, helped establish the required minimum biobased content for the BioPreferred Program. By June 2004, Beta Analytic has analyzed more than 200 biobased products for CIRAS and delivered the results within 1-3 weeks. ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic has proven to be a reliable service provider over the years.
*Beta Analytic provides biobased content testing. The company is not affiliated with the USDA BioPreferred Program.*
*Page last updated: June 2022*
---
### [Korea Bio Material Packaging Association’s Biobased Label (BP Label)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/korea-label.html)
**Published:** May 11, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- KBMP started its biobased certification program in 2011
- This labeling program applies to biobased resin and its derivatives with at least 25% biomass content
- KBMP’s BP Label, which is valid for two years, has no implications on a product’s compostability or biodegradability.
---
NOTE: SGS Beta is not affiliated with KBMP or its Biobased Certification Program. However, you are welcome to contact SGS BETA on how to submit samples for testing as part of KBMP’s Biobased Certification Program.
---
## KBMP Biobased Certificate Program
Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) launched its Biobased Certificate Program in 2011 to provide consumers a better understanding of carbon-reducing products and their proper uses as well as to promote biobased products. Items accepted for certification are categorized as Material (pellets made from biomass), Product (finished products made from biomass-based pellets), and Package (packaging used for materials and products). For each category, individual certificates are given with the numeric value of the biomass content marked on the label. If both the product and packaging are certified, a single certificate is given with numeric values for both product and packaging noted on the label.
| Product Eligibility | Biobased resin (pellets), finished products and packaging made from biobased resin |
|---|---|
| Basic Requirements | Must be at least 25% biobased according to KBMP-0107:2011 or [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) |
| Additional Information | If the resin or the product is a mixture, not singular, each individual product will go through the certification process. Resin or products will be certified based on their biomass content relative to gross weight. |
| Certification Validity | 2 years |
## About Korea Bio Material Packaging Association
KBMP was established with the permission of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy to promote carbon-neutral biomass materials and products and solve relevant technical problems involved in creating such products. The organization has more than 400 members from different fields. Aside from promotion of biobased products and localization of raw materials, KBMP also prepares standards and certification for biomass raw materials and finished products, as well as facilitate the exchange of information with domestic and foreign agencies.
Source: [http://www.koreabiopack.org/](http://www.koreabiopack.org)
## SGS Beta ASTM D6866 Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta supports Korea’s biobased industry by providing fast and accurate ASTM D6866 testing. The company has a representative based in Korea and accepts samples through a forwarding facility in Seoul. All analyses are done in the lab’s headquarters in Miami, Florida.
SGS Beta recommends at least two measurements for better credibility or averaging, although one measurement is fine for research and development purposes. The lab recommends three to four analyses if the ASTM D6866 test results will be used for any purpose with legal ramifications.
---
Page last updated: May 2025
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### [Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Certification system for biomass-based plastics and its semi-finished products
- Applicable only to Japan BioPlastics Association members
- ASTM D6866 testing is only required for the application of materials under the BMP Positive List
The Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA), formerly known as Biodegradable Plastics Society, has created the **BiomassPla Identification and Labelling System** to help consumers identify biomass-based plastics defined by the JBPA as “high-polymer” materials with a mean molecular weight of at least 1,000 that can be obtained through chemical or biological synthesis from raw materials that contain substances derived from renewable organic resources. Biomass-based plastics exclude chemically unmodified non-thermoplastic natural organic high-polymer materials, according to the JBPA.
 
## ASTM D6866 Testing of Biomass-based Plastics
Biomass carbon measurement by [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html) is one of the testing methods required by the JBPA for materials listed in the BiomassPla [BMP Positive List](https://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/) as of July 2018:
- biomass-based plastics (Class A)
- half-finished products (Class C)
- biomass-derived thermosetting plastic raw materials (Class E)
- Class E half-finished products (Class F)
## JBPA BiomassPla Certification System
The BiomassPla system, which started in July 2006, certifies products that conform to standards set by the JBPA. One standard requires products to have a “biomass-based plastic ratio” of at least 25%. The JBPA defines “biomass-based plastic ratio” as the proportion of the total weight consisting of components derived from biomass in the composition of the biomass-based plastic or biomass-derived thermosetting plastic raw material contained in the raw material and product (percentage by weight).
Other standards under the BiomassPla system assess biodegradability, oral acute toxicity, and environmental safety, among others. The JBPA also provides a list of substances that must not be used as raw materials in the manufacture of biomass-based plastics and its semi-finished products.
A list of registered BiomassPla products are published on the JBPA website. These registered products carry a logo with a three-year validity period.
Application for product certification and approval for BiomassPla logo use is limited to members of the JBPA. Resignation from the JBPA terminates the use of the logo.
## SGS Beta: BiomassPla Accredited Lab
Miami-based SGS Beta is accredited by the JBPA to fulfil the ASTM D6866 testing needs of clients through its agent, Chikyu Kagaku Kenkyusho in Nagoya City, Japan. The ISO 17025-accredited and ISO 9001-conformant lab has provided ASTM D6866 testing to clients worldwide since 2004.
**References:**
Japan BioPlastics Association. BiomassPla Identification System (PDF) – revised July 2012
Japan BioPlastics Association. [Concerning Testing Methods Required for Listing on the Positive List (PDF)](http://www.jbpaweb.net/assets/documents/EBP_04.pdf) – revised July 2023
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Page Last Updated: May 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/din-certco.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased Certification Scheme
- Germany’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased has three quality levels to identify the biobased content of products.
- Products which are wholly or partly produced from biobased raw materials can be certified under this scheme if they are at least 50% organic and has at least 20% biobased carbon content.
- A DIN-Geprüft Biobased certificate, which is valid for six years, has no implications on a product’s compostability or biodegradability.
---
NOTE: SGS Beta is not affiliated with DIN CERTCO or the DIN-Geprüft Biobased program. However, you are welcome to contact SGS Beta on how to submit samples for testing as part of the DIN CERTCO accreditation.
---
## DIN-Geprüft Biobased Scheme
DIN CERTCO, a certification organization in Germany, launched its program for biobased products in 2010. A whole product or specific components can be certified under this scheme. DIN-Geprüft Biobased has three quality levels which indicates a product’s biobased content – Biobased 20-50%, Biobased 50-85%, and Biobased >85%. These labels of biobased content are found on the certification mark together with the DIN-Geprüft Biobased logo and the certification applicant’s registration number.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/)
**Fast Facts:**
| Product Eligibility | – Applicable to products which are wholly or partly produced from biobased raw materials – Not applicable to medical products, fuels with fossil components, and products that are poisonous, acidic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or harmful to the environment |
|---|---|
| Basic Requirements (double minimum requirement) | – Must be at least 20% biobased according to [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) or [ISO 16620 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) – Must be at least 50% organic according to DIN 18128 or EN 13039 |
| Certification Validity | – 6 years (verification testing is performed in the second and fourth year of validity to ensure compliance) |
Source: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Certification Scheme Biobased Products (November 2019 Edition)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Note:** For applicants whose products do not meet the required minimum biobased content, a biobased content certification can be issued but they are not allowed to use the DIN-Geprüft Biobased certification mark.
## Biobased Testing Lab SGS Beta
Located in Miami, Florida, SGS Beta supports the biobased industry by providing fast, accurate, high-quality **ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620 testing.** It is an ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited testing laboratory operating in conformance with ISO 9001:2008 management system requirements. The lab has forwarding offices in Europe (Germany, Spain, UK) and Asia (Mainland China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan).
SGS Beta has provided ASTM D6866 testing to biobased product manufacturers and distributors since 2004.
Ready to submit samples for testing? [Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
REQUEST PRICING
#### SGS Beta offers standard and priority services to DIN-Geprüft Biobased applicants.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: April 2025
---
### [European Bio-based Content Certification Scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/european-scheme.html)
**Published:** December 7, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Spearheaded by the Dutch Standards Institute (NEN), a new bio-based content certification scheme based on the European standard [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1") was launched in 2016. After successfully obtaining a certificate, companies can use the scheme’s bio-based logo on the packaging and display the bio-based content of their products on the label. Certified products feature on a register that is a publicly available online database so that data on bio-based content is accessible to businesses and consumers. The European scheme aims to promote biobased products and boost the industry as a whole.
In the framework of this certification scheme, bio-based carbon testing is required using the standardized analytical method described in [EN 16640 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640:2014"): Biobased Products – Determination of the biobased carbon content of products using the radiocarbon method.
## Introducing the EN 16785-1 Standard
The EN 16785-1 standard for measuring bio-based content with radiocarbon and elemental analysis was a product of two European 7th Framework Programme projects: Knowledge Based Bio-based Products’ Pre-Standardization (KBBPPS) and OpenBio. Beta Analytic, the leading laboratory for bio-based carbon testing worldwide, participated in both projects as advisory partner. The EN 16785-1 method can be applied to raw materials, chemicals and intermediate, semi-finished or finished products.
EN 16785-1 defines “bio-based” to mean “derived from biomass.” A bio-based product is one that is partially or wholly comprised of materials derived from biomass. The standard method references CEN/TS 16640 (soon to be upgraded to an EN standard) for measuring bio-based carbon content using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), as offered by Beta Analytic.
Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are also assessed as part of EN 16785-1 but since there is no analytical procedure to determine the bio-based content of these elements, the standard prescribes obtaining a statement from the manufacturer on biomass content, the values of which are to be validated by the combined results of the radiocarbon and the elemental analysis. Beta Analytic does not offer elemental analysis at this time.
## Participation in the Bio-based Content Certification Scheme
The first step for a product manufacturer wishing to apply to the scheme is to contract a certification body in charge of administering the certificates, for example Vinçotte in Belgium, a recognized testing laboratory such as Beta Analytic and an approved lab for elemental analysis. Once the test results are received and evaluated, a decision is made by the certification body whether to grant the certificate to the manufacturer. If the response is positive, the manufacturer can use the Bio-based content certification logo as well as the percentage of “bio-based content” for that product, as defined by the EN 16785-1 standard.
---
### [European Standard EN 16785-1 Verifies Bio-based Content of Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 1, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
European Standard EN 16785-1:2015 details the requirements for determining bio-based content of a given product using radiocarbon (Carbon-14) analysis and elemental analysis. The standard references [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) for the Carbon-14 analysis.
For the purposes of EN 16785, the term “bio-based” means “derived from biomass”. A bio-based product is one that is partially or wholly comprised of materials derived from biomass. The standard is applicable to any solid, liquid and gaseous product containing carbon, thus encompassing a broad range of products.
Under this standard, the bio-based carbon content of a product is determined according to EN 16640: Bio-based products – Bio-based carbon content – Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method.
EN 16785-1 also specifies the standardized sampling methods to be used for various products.
## Bio-based Certification Scheme
Spearheaded by the Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN), the project started in October 2015 with a kick-off meeting in Brussels, Belgium. EN 16785-1 was drawn up by the CEN Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 and was published in December 2015. The certification scheme based on this standard was validated thereafter and was officially launched at the end of 2016.
By obtaining a bio-based certificate, companies can demonstrate the bio-based content of their products on the label. A register of certified products will be publicly available on an online database, thus providing transparent and easily accessed information on the bio-based products available to businesses and consumers.
---
[Is your product biobased? Prove it!](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)
---
## Beta Analytic Provides Bio-based Content Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited **Beta Analytic offers radiocarbon analyses** in compliance with EN 16785-1, drawing upon over 35 years of technical experience and a decade of regulatory expertise to aid producers, suppliers and consumers in verifying the bio-based content of products. **The lab does not offer elemental analysis at this time.**
The lab provides high-quality bio-based carbon content measurements using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in 7 business days or less with online reporting, technical support, and quality assurance reports included. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. Client support is available in English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.
Headquartered in Miami, Florida, the lab accepts samples throughout Europe via its forwarding office in London, UK.
*Beta Analytic is not affiliated with CEN, NEN or the European Commission.*
*Last Updated May 2018*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# TÜV AUSTRIA’s OK Biobased Labeling Program
- The OK biobased label uses a star system to indicate a certified product’s biobased content – the more stars, the higher the biobased content.
- This labeling program applies to basic/raw materials, intermediates, and finished products with at least 30% total carbon and 20% biobased carbon content.
- The OK biobased certification cannot be used to make claims of compostability and biodegradability.
---
## OK biobased’s Star System & Certification Process
A one-star biobased product has biobased content between 20% and 40% while a four-star certified product has a biobased content greater than 80%.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Source: TUV Austria Belgium Renewable Materials Conference. nova-Institute.
To start the application, submit a completed form on the TÜV AUSTRIA website.
**Fast Facts:**
| Product Eligibility | - Applicable to raw/basic materials, intermediates, additives, and finished products that are partially or completely made of materials and/or polymers of natural origin - Not applicable to solid, gaseous or liquid fuels |
|---|---|
| Basic Requirements | Each product must meet these two requirements: - At least 20% biobased carbon content as measured according to [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) which determines biobased carbon content using the radiocarbon method. - At least 30% total carbon content (dry weight) as measured according to TÜV AUSTRIA document TS-OK20 |
| Number of measurements required | 3 measurements per parameter (biobased carbon content, total carbon) |
| Certification Validity | 5 years |
Source: [OK biobased certification scheme](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "Conformity mark OK biobased")
---
**NOTE:** SGS Beta is not affiliated with testing and certification company TÜV AUSTRIA or its OK biobased scheme. Interested parties are welcome to contact SGS Beta on how to submit samples for biobased carbon testing.
---
## Biobased Carbon Content Testing at SGS Beta
[ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) SGS Beta supports the biobased industry by providing accurate EN 16640 analysis. Based in Miami, Florida, the lab has forwarding offices in Europe (Dusseldorf, Germany; London, UK) and Asia (Xiamen, China; Nagoya, Japan; Seoul, South Korea, and Taipei, Taiwan).
We provide two services for biobased carbon testing:
\* Standard (results are reported in 7 business days or less), and
\* Priority (4 business days or less).
Ready to submit samples for testing? [Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
GET IN TOUCH
#### Reach out to us anytime for pricing requests and general inquiries.
[Read More](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page Last Updated: April 2025
---
### [Japan Environment Association’s Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html)
**Published:** August 8, 2018
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Products are certified in consideration of the whole life cycle of products.
- Certification criteria have been established for each product category; many kinds of products such as stationeries, building materials and engine oil are categorized by usage and features
- In some product categories, the use of a plant-derived material is one certification requirement. ISO 16620-2, ISO 16620-3 or ASTM D6866 is specified as test method for this requirement.
Under its environmental labeling program called Eco Mark, Japan Environment Association (JEA) has established certification criteria for various product categories. The certification requirements are different depending on the product category.
For example, in Eco Mark Product Category No. 112 “Stationery/Office Supplies”, the media case, OA filter, OHP film, clear folder (file) and envelopes with windows (paper product) that use plant-based plastic are required to contain biobased synthetic polymer at higher than or equal to 25% as measured through [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") or [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866").
## Biobased Content Testing
For the plant-based plastic (raw resin), if biobased synthetic polymer content results were calculated with the method specified in ISO 16620-3, the [biobased carbon content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "biobased carbon content") and element composition results by the 14C method specified in ISO 16620-2 or ASTM D6866 must be submitted as an attached document as part of the certification procedure.
---
Note: SGS Beta provides ISO 16620-2 and ASTM D6866 testing but NOT the calculation based on ISO 16620-3.
---
## Eco Mark Product Categories Requiring Biobased Content Testing
Eco Mark has at least 8 product categories that specified ISO 16620-2 or ASTM D6866 as a method to verify [plant-based plastic](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/bioplastics.html "plant-based plastic") content:
[Eco Mark Product Category No.103 Clothes Version 3.9](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e103V3_a.pdf)
[Eco Mark Product Category No.104 Household Textile Products Version 3.9](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e104V3_a.pdf)
[Eco Mark Product Category No.105 Textile Products for Industrial Use Version 3.8](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e105V3_a.pdf)
[Eco Mark Product Category No.112 Stationery/Office Supplies Version 2.11](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e112V2_a.pdf)
Eco Mark Product Category No.128 Household Commodity Version 1.28
- [Kitchen utensils and tableware](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_A_a.pdf)
- [Kitchen Utensils and Tableware, Lunch and Leisure Goods](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_B_a.pdf)
- [Strainers for Kitchen Sinks, Absorbents for Used Cooking and Oil food Oil Filter](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_C_a.pdf)
- [Laundry, Bath, Sanitary Supplies](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_D_a.pdf)
- [Cleaning/Storage Goods, Art and Decorative Ware](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_E_a.pdf)
- [Dust Control Mats](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_F_a.pdf)
- [Toiletry Goods, Medical Supplies for Home Use](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_G_a.pdf)
- [Pet Supplies and Gardening Tools](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_H_a.pdf)
- [Rubber products such as hoses, gloves and mats](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_I_a.pdf)
- [Can Collectors](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_K_a.pdf)
- [Other](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e128V1_M_a.pdf)
[Eco Mark Product Category No. 130 Furniture Version 2.9](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e130V2_a.pdf)
Eco Mark Product Category No.140 Refill Containers and Resource Saving Containers
Version 1.17
- [PET Bottles (Containers) Using plant-based plastics](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e140V1_D_a.pdf)
- [Plastic containers and packaging using plant-based plastics](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e140V1_H_a.pdf)
[Eco Mark Product Category No.143 Shoes and Footwear Version 1.11 (rubber, plastic and fabric shoes)](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/pdf/e143V1_B_a.pdf)
For further details, please check the website of the [Japan Environment Association](https://www.ecomark.jp/ "Japan Environment Association").
## SGS Beta – Biobased Content Testing Lab
ISO 17025-accredited SGS Beta provides fast, high-quality biobased content testing as specified in standards ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2. Results are reported in 14 business days or less. Faster services are also available.
For inquiries on SGS Beta’s biobased content testing services for companies based in Japan, please contact our agent [Chikyu Kagaku Kenkyusho Corp](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "Chikyu Kagaku Kenkyusho Corp").
NOTE: SGS Beta and Chikyu Kagaku Kenkyusho Corp. DO NOT provide ISO 16620-3 measurements.
---
Page last updated: May 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Biobased Product Labeling and Certification
There are several third-party certified eco-labeling programs and biobased product initiatives worldwide that require or recommend [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for Biobased Content Testing"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") or [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) testing for products.
**NOTE: SGS Beta is not affiliated with any of the programs listed below.**
| Argentina | Argentine Bioproduct Seal | + |
|---|---|---|
| The Argentine Bioproduct Seal is granted by the National Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries to biomaterials, bioproducts, and bio-inputs from the Argentine industry that are made with renewable feedstock sourced from the agro-industrial sector. Applications are open for companies, researchers and students, and a product’s assessment is based on whether the product is biobased, as well as its innovation and sustainability aspects. The use of Carbon-14 testing is recommended to verify the biobased origin of feedstock. Source: [https://www.argentina.gob.ar/agricultura/sello-bioproducto-argentino](https://www.argentina.gob.ar/agricultura/sello-bioproducto-argentino "Good Environmental Choice Australia GECA Source") |
| Belgium | TÜV AUSTRIA OK biobased Program | + |
| The OK biobased program was launched in September 2009 to provide an independent assessment of a product’s renewability. The TÜV AUSTRIA OK biobased certification scheme uses a star system to indicate the biobased content of a product. A one-star biobased product has biobased content between 20% and 40% while a four-star certified product has a biobased content greater than 80%. Products for EN 16640 Testing — All products which are partially made from bioplastics and/or materials of natural origin except fuels. Overview: [OK Biobased Summary](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html "Vincotte’s OK Biobased Labeling Program") Source: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "OK Biobased Web site") |
| Brazil | Braskem I’m Green™ Seal | + |
| Braskem, a petrochemical company in Brazil, has created the I’m Green seal to identify products that contain the Braskem green plastic in their composition. The seal is exclusive to Braskem clients. I’m Green Overview: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| European Union | Bio-based Content Certification Scheme | + |
| To promote transparent and credible communication about a product’s bio-based content, the Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN) launched the Bio-based Content Certification Scheme in 2016. The program is based on European Standard [EN 16785-1:2015](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html), which describes the requirements for determining the bio-based content of any given product using Carbon-14 measurement and elemental analysis. Under this standard, the Carbon-14 content of a product is determined according to EN 16640. Products for EN 16640 Testing — Biobased raw materials, chemicals and intermediates, semi-finished or finished products Read More: [European Bio-based Content Certification Scheme](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/european-scheme.html) Source: [https://biobasedcontent.eu](https://biobasedcontent.eu/) |
| | EU Ecolabel | + |
| The EU Ecolabel is a voluntary scheme created by the European Commission to promote a circular economy and encourage producers to generate less waste and carbon dioxide emissions during the manufacturing process. Many companies use the EU Ecolabel criteria for guidance on eco-friendly best practices. The EU Ecolabel scheme is valid throughout the European Union, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. Products for Biobased Content Testing — Biobased Lubricants According to the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants, if the term “bio-based” or “bio-lubricant” is used, the final product shall have a minimum bio-based carbon content of 25%. Compliance is demonstrated by submitting a test report in accordance with analytical standards EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 or [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1"). The criteria for lubricants is valid until December 31, 2028. Background: [Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants") Source: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "EU Ecolabel website") |
| Germany | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| DIN CERTCO is a certification organization of TÜV Rheinland Group and DIN, the German Institute for Standardization. Its DIN-Geprüft Biobased certification scheme has three quality divisions based on the biobased carbon content: (a) Biobased 20-50%, (b) Biobased 50-85%, and (c) Biobased >85%. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — All products that are at least 50% organic and at least 20% biobased can be certified, except medical and hazardous products and fuels with fossil components. The certification scheme applies to products which are wholly or partly produced from biobased raw materials. Overview: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/din-certco.html "DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased Certification Scheme") Source: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| | Blue Angel | + |
| Germany’s Blue Angel Ecolabel is used as the country’s sustainable purchasing guide and sets stringent standards for environmentally friendly products and services ranging from household cleaning products to textiles and construction materials. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Biodegradable lubricants To verify biobased carbon content of lubricants that meet Blue Angel’s specified criteria, applicants should submit a test report on the final product in accordance with ASTM D6866 or DIN CEN/TS 16137 performed by an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory. Overview: [Blue Angel Ecolabel: Is Biobased Testing Required for Lubricants?](https://www.betalabservices.com/blue-angel-ecolabel-biobased-testing-lubricants/ "Blue Angel Ecolabel: Is Biobased Testing Required for Lubricants?") Source: [https://www.blauer-engel.de/en/productworld/lubricants-and-hydraulic-fluids/greases](https://www.blauer-engel.de/en/productworld/lubricants-and-hydraulic-fluids/greases "biodegradable lubricants hydraulic fluids") |
| Hong Kong | SGS Environmental Claim Certification Scheme: Biobased Content | + |
| SGS Environmental Claim Certification Scheme (ECCS) offers seven schemes for products and brands worldwide, one of which is for biobased content. Products Accepted – Plastic materials or any other solid or liquid samples that are at least 30% total organic carbon based on dry mass and has a minimum of 20% biobased carbon content. Biobased carbon content testing standards – ASTM D6866, EN 16640 or ISO 16620-2 Overview: [SGS Green Marks Biobased Certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-green-marks-biobased/) Source: <https://www.sgs.com/en-us/services/sgs-green-marks> |
| Japan | Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla | + |
| Launched in July 2006, Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla certification and labeling system certifies biomass-based plastic products. Under this program, registered products carry a logo easily identifiable by consumers. The BiomassPla labeling program only applies to members of the JBPA. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Materials listed in the BiomassPla [BMP Positive List](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "BMP Positive List") \[Class A – biomass-based plastics; Class C – half-finished products; Class E – biomass-derived thermosetting plastic raw materials; Class F – half-finished products of Class E\] BiomassPla Overview: [Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification for Biomass-based Plastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Japan") Source: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA Web site") |
| | Japan Environment Association Eco Mark Program | + |
| The Eco Mark is an environmental labelling program that considers the product’s entire life cycle. It aims to raise the consumers’ environmental awareness and encourages corporate efforts for environmental improvement. Products for ASTM D6866/ISO 16620 Testing — Products required to have plant-based components e.g. clothing, household textiles, industrial textiles, office supplies, household commodities, furniture, refill containers and footwear. Overview: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Source: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp "JEA Web site") |
| Korea | Korea Bio Material Packaging Association’s Biobased Label (BP Label) | + |
| In 2011, the Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) launched a certification program applicable to biobased resin and its derivatives with at least 25% biomass content. The BP label is valid for two years. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Biobased resin (pellets), finished products and packaging made from biobased resin Overview: [KBMP’s Biobased Certificate Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/korea-label.html "KBMP’s Biobased Certificate Program") Source: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Scandinavia | Nordic Swan Ecolabel | + |
| The Nordic Swan Ecolabel is the official ecolabel of the Scandinavian countries. Established in 1989, the Nordic Swan Ecolabel currently addresses more than 25,000 different products across 55 [product groups](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/ "product groups"). The goal of the label’s provider, Nordic Ecolabelling, is to reduce the environmental impact of production and consumption of goods by helping consumers make better informed decisions. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — disposables for food, [toys with textile components](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-toy-ecolabelling/ "toys with textile components"), [textiles](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased-content-testing-nordic-swan-ecolabel-for-textiles/ "textiles") Criteria for toys (textile constitutes more than 30% by weight of the product) – Synthetic fibers that contain biobased polymers sourced from raw materials such as sugarcane or maize must contain at least 90% biobased material reported in accordance with ISO 16620, ASTM D6866, or an equivalent standard. Disposables for food criteria include – Must be 90% biobased as measured by EN 16640, EN 16785-1, or ASTM D6866 standards. Requirements for Synthetic Fibers of Biobased Origin include – Synthetic fibers of biobased origin must contain at least 90% biobased raw material documented by testing in accordance with ISO 16620, ASTM D6866, or an equivalent standard Sources: [https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/toys-095/](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/toys-095/ "Nordic Swan") [https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/disposables-for-food-047/](https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/disposables-for-food-047/ "Nordic Swan Ecolabel") <https://www.nordic-swan-ecolabel.org/criteria/manufacturing-of-textiles-hides-skins-and-leather-039/> |
| Taiwan | Taiwanese “Green Mark” for Plastic Products | + |
| The Taiwanese Environmental Protection Department’s “Green Mark” is the environmental labeling standard for “biobased plastic products” – plastic products that are derived from biomass. Biodegradable products are exempt from the scheme. The labeling program applies to plastic products with at least 25% biobased carbon content measured by ASTM D6866, the standard used for determining the percentage of the carbon in a plastic product that is derived from biomass versus fossil-based content. More details on how to apply for this label can be found on the “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")” website. |
| North America | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| Created by the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 and expanded by the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "BioPreferred Program") aims to increase purchase and use of biobased products, spur economic development, provide new markets for farm commodities, and reduce reliance on petroleum products. The Program provides federal agencies with tools, training and the BioPreferred Catalog to help them meet their biobased purchasing requirements. The Program also aids consumers to easily identify commercially available biobased products. Under the USDA BioPreferred Program, successful applicants can affix the **USDA Certified Biobased Label** on the product, packaging or marketing materials. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — As of May 2025, there are [264 product categories](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 product categories") designated by the USDA BioPreferred Program. They have unique biobased content minimums as part of the process of designating categories for federal purchasing preference. Products that do not fall under any of these categories are still eligible if they are at least 25% biobased. Source: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") Read More: [USDA Certified Biobased Application Reminders](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html "USDA Certified Biobased Application Reminders") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **UL 9798 Bio-based Product Content Validation** UL 9798 bio-based content validation is one of the important parts of UL environmental and sustainability series solutions. It applies to individual solid and liquid materials as well as semi-finished and finished products. Certified products can use UL badges for marketing purposes and are listed in the UL green product database. The UL 9798 bio-based content validation program recommends using ASTM D6866 testing. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — building materials, chemicals, cleaning/paper, electronics, furniture/furnishings, plastics, toys Overview: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **ECOLOGO® Certification Program: UL 2783 Sustainability Criteria for Instant Hand Antiseptic Products** Founded by the Canadian government in 1988, the EcoLogo Program was one of North America’s largest ecolabeling systems. The program certifies a broad range of commercial products. EcoLogo was acquired by UL Environment in 2010. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Instant hand sanitizers Under UL 2783 (formerly CCD-170), instant hand antiseptic products must be at least 73% biobased excluding the packaging or demonstrate compliance with the USDA BioPreferred Program. Read More: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-ecologo-certification-cleaning-products> |
| | CertiPUR-US® Program | + |
| The CertiPUR-US® program was developed by foam producers in the US to provide the comfort and confidence of knowing the flexible polyurethane foam used in products meets standards for content, emissions and durability. The program is open to foam producers from all countries as long as they meet the rigorous certification guidelines. Nonprofit Alliance for Flexible Polyurethane Foam, Inc. administers this certification program. In September 2023, CertiPUR-US launched an initiative to certify biobased slabstock flexible polyurethane foams. ISO 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta will measure the biobased content following the ASTM D6866 Method B standard. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Slabstock Flexible Polyurethane Foams Foams must be at least 25% biobased to achieve certification through this program. Foam producers that achieve this biobased certification can use an exclusive CertiPUR-US® logo. Overview: [CertiPUR-US® Program Certifies Biobased Foams](https://www.betalabservices.com/certipur-us-certifies-biobased-foams/ "CertiPUR-US® Program Certifies Biobased Foams") Source: [https://certipur.us/](https://certipur.us/ "CertiPUR-US® Program") |
| | Green Building Initiative (GBI) | + |
| The Green Building Initiative’s (GBI) Guiding Principles Compliance for New Construction & Modernization (GPC NC) is a program designed specifically for federal construction and modernization projects undergoing Third-Party Certification (TPC) per Guiding Principles for Sustainable Federal Buildings and Associated Instructions. The GBI’s GPC NC is an accurate, consistent, and credible process including a robust third-party evaluation by the Guiding Principles Compliance verification program. In the GPC NC, one of the six principles that federal buildings must comply with is reducing the environmental impacts of their materials. Assessment guidance points for new buildings in the GPC NC are earned based on the Sustainable Materials Index (SMI), or the percentage of the total value of the building materials that have sustainable material attributes. Relevant materials in the SMI include pre-consumer recycled content, post-consumer recycled content, and biobased content. Biobased content of materials listed in the SMI is verified using ASTM D6866 testing. References: Details found here: [Green Globes for New Construction 2021 (ES + BEQ) Technical Reference Manual Version 1.0 (PDF)](https://thegbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Green_Globes_NC_2021_ES__BEQ_Technical_Reference_Manual.pdf) About GBI: <https://thegbi.org/> |
| | GreenCircle Certified Sustainability Facts (CSF) Label | + |
| GreenCircle Certified, LLC helps companies establish brand integrity by providing independent third-party verification of their environmental claims using applicable standards. For its CSF Label, ASTM D6866 testing is used to measure “renewable resource content.” Read More: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) | + |
| RSB offers peer-reviewed, global certification standard for sustainable biomaterials, biofuels and biomass production. The RSB Standard for Bio-based and Advanced Products (RSB-STD-02-001) describes sustainability requirements for operators involved in the supply chains of bio-based and advanced products. Under the standard, certified bio-based products and bio-based intermediates must have a bio-based carbon content of at least 25% as measured by analytical standards EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 or ISO 16620-1:2015. The standard was effective starting December 10, 2018. Source: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs Environmental Management Program | + |
| The 2022 updated Department of Environmental Management Program under the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) includes various initiatives like the Green Purchasing Program where biobased product purchases for construction or department use are compliant with the USDA’s 2002 Farm Bill and the USDA BioPreferred Purchasing Program. VA policy for the Green Purchasing Program is to advance sustainable material use by ensuring that at least 95% of new contract actions for products and services are energy and water efficient, environmentally preferable, or biobased. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Roofing materials (e.g., Hot-Mopped Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modified Bituminous Membrane Roofing, Built-Up Bituminous Roofing) The Office of Construction and Facilities Management of the VA requires biobased roof coatings to have at least 20% biobased content. Read More: [Office of Construction and Facilities Management. U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs Built-Up Bituminous Roofing (PDF)](https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/spec/075100Summ.pdf) |
| | U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) | + |
| Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is the most widely used third-party verification for green buildings. LEED may be applied to all buildings. Projects pursuing LEED certification earn one of four LEED rating levels – Certified, Silver, Gold or Platinum. Through LEED, biobased products and materials other than wood should be tested using ASTM D6866 or equivalent method ISO 16620-2, or be certified under the USDA BioPreferred Program that includes verification via ASTM D6866 testing. Hide products, such as leather and other animal skin material, are excluded from this credit. - Biobased products that meet the criteria above are valued at 50% of cost multiplied by the biobased content of the product for the purposes of credit achievement calculation. - Biobased products that meet the Sustainable Agriculture Network’s Sustainable Agriculture Standard in addition to the testing requirements above are valued at 100% of cost multiplied by the bio-based content of the product for the purposes of credit achievement calculation. Products for ASTM D6866 Testing — Building materials LEED v4 Background: <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> Sourcing of Raw Materials credit: [https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-retail-new-construction-data-26](https://www.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction-core-and-shell-schools-new-construction-retail-new-construction-data-26?return=/credits/New%20Construction/v4.1/Material%20&%20resources) |
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Page last updated: May 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Análisis del contenido de origen biológico de plásticos y otros productos
Comparación entre el porcentaje de carbono de origen biológico y el porcentaje de carbono de origen fósil.
[Póngase en contacto con nosotros para obtener más información](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- La ISO 16620 mide el contenido del carbono de origen biogénico de aditivos, polímeros y productos plásticos.
- A través del análisis de carbono-14, este estándar también puede usarse para verificar el origen natural frente a los componentes derivados del petróleo en sabores, fragancias, suplementos, bebidas y otros productos.
- SGS Beta Analytic proporciona un análisis de la ISO 16620-2 rápido y preciso.
## Norma ISO 16620 para plásticos
La Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) publicó una serie de normas centradas en **el contenido de origen biogénico** de los plásticos. Uno de los estándares permite determinar el porcentaje exacto de carbono presente en el material plástico que proviene de fuentes renovables o de biomasa.
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Plastics — Biobased content – Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content (Plásticos – Contenido de origen biogénico – Parte 2: Determinación del contenido de carbono de origen biogénico)
La ISO 16620-2 incluye el **análisis de carbono-14** y expresa el contenido de carbono de origen biogénico como una fracción de la masa de muestra, como contenido total de carbono, o como contenido de carbono orgánico total. Esta norma es aplicable a productos plásticos, resinas poliméricas, monómeros o aditivos elaborados a partir de componentes de origen biológico o de origen fósil. La norma está disponible para su descarga en el sitio [web de la ISO](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) pagando una tarifa.
## ¿Cómo detecta la norma ISO 16620-2 las sustancias sintéticas derivadas del petróleo?
El estándar ISO 16620-2 detecta las sustancias artificiales de un material a partir del análisis de carbono 14. Los materiales obtenidos completamente a partir de biomasa (como los extractos vegetales) presentan un nivel conocido de carbono-14 y se consideran 100 % de base biológica, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 16620-2. Por otro lado, los materiales completamente elaborados a partir de componentes derivados del petróleo no tienen carbono 14 y serán 0% de origen biológico. Un producto elaborado a partir de biomasa (extractos de plantas) y componentes químicos derivados del petróleo tendrá un contenido de origen biológico de entre 0% y 100% en función de la cantidad de cada componente en el producto.
La norma ISO 16620-2 no determina si el producto natural proviene de plantas, animales o materiales microbiológicos específicos. No es un análisis de contenido del material. El informe conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2 muestra el porcentaje de un producto que proviene de fuentes naturales (contenido de origen biológico) con respecto al contenido sintético derivado del petróleo.
### ¿Listo para analizar sus productos de acuerdo con la norma ISO 16620-2?
Los tamaños de las muestras, los envases recomendados y otros detalles se encuentran detallados en nuestras recomendaciones de envío de [productos plásticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html) e [ingredientes naturales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/muestras.html).
### Análisis para ISO 16620-2 de alta calidad de SGS Beta
Nuestro laboratorio, acreditado según la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, entrega de forma rutinaria los resultados en un plazo de 7 días hábiles o menos. Los informes incluyen la documentación de aseguramiento de la calidad y están disponibles en su cuenta personal en línea. Existe un servicio prioritario disponible para obtener los resultados requeridos en 4 días hábiles o menos.
El equipo de atención al cliente está disponible en inglés, chino, francés, alemán, italiano, japonés, coreano, portugués y español.
### Resultados reportados conforme al Método C de la norma ISO 16620-2
SGS Beta utiliza la espectrometría de masas con acelerador (AMS), denominada Método C en la norma ISO 16620-2. Medimos las proporciones isotópicas y reportamos los resultados de acuerdo con la norma ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenido de carbono de base biológica como una [fracción del carbono total o del carbono orgánico total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). No reportamos los resultados de carbono-14 como una fracción del carbono total en masa.
*SGS Beta no está afiliada con ISO o con sus comités técnicos.*
LABORATORIO DE ALTA CALIDAD
#### SGS Beta ofrece servicios estándar y prioritarios para las pruebas ISO 16620.
[Solicitar un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última actualización de la página: Noviembre de 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Analisi del contenuto biobased di plastiche e altri materiali
Misurazione della percentuale di carbonio biobased e fossile
[Contattaci per ulteriori informazioni](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- ISO 16620 misura il contenuto biobased di plastiche, polimeri e additivi.
- Sfruttando il principio dell’analisi del carbonio-14, questa norma può essere utilizzata anche per verificare che aromi, fragranze, integratori, bevande e altri prodotti siano di origine completamente naturale.
- SGS Beta effettua analisi biobased con ISO 16620-2 rapide e accurate.
## Standard ISO 16620 per le plastiche
La International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ha pubblicato una serie di standard relativi al **contenuto biobased** delle plastiche. Una delle norme disponibili consente di determinare con precisione la percentuale di carbonio derivato da fonti rinnovabili, ovvero da biomassa, presente in un materiale plastico.
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Plastics — Biobased content – Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content (Plastiche – Contenuto biobased – Parte 2: Determinazione del contenuto di carbonio biobased)
ISO 16620-2 include **l’analisi al carbonio-14** ed esprime il contenuto biobased come frazione della massa del campione, del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale. Questa norma è applicabile a prodotti in plastica, resine polimeriche, monomeri e additivi costituiti da componenti di origine biobased o fossile ed è disponibile per il download a pagamento sul [sito web dell’ISO](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html).
## In che modo ISO 16620-2 identifica le sostanze derivate dal petrolio?
ISO 16620-2 rileva la presenza di sostanze sintetiche nei materiali attraverso l’analisi al carbonio-14. I materiali derivati interamente da biomassa, come gli estratti vegetali, presentano un livello noto di carbonio-14 e risultano biobased al 100% secondo la norma ISO 16620-2. Al contrario, i materiali prodotti a partire da sostanze derivate dal petrolio non contengono carbonio-14 e sono 0% biobased. Un prodotto composto da una miscela di biomassa (estratti vegetali) e sostanze derivate dal petrolio avrà un contenuto biobased compreso tra 0% e 100% a seconda della quantità in cui è presente ogni componente.
ISO 16620-2 non indica se il prodotto naturale proviene da fonti vegetali, animali o microbiologiche. Questa analisi non permette di determinare i componenti del prodotto. Il report ISO 16620-2 mostra la percentuale di un prodotto che deriva da fonti naturali (contenuto biobased) e non da fonti sintetiche o fossili.
### Vuoi sottoporre i tuoi prodotti all’analisi con ISO 16620-2?
Le dimensioni dei campioni, i contenitori raccomandati e altre informazioni sono riportati nelle nostre linee guida per l’invio di [plastiche](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866-05-spedizione.html) e [ingredienti naturali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/campioni.html).
### Le analisi ISO 16620-2 di alta qualità di SGS Beta
Il nostro laboratorio, accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, consegna normalmente i risultati entro 7 giorni lavorativi, completi di rapporti di garanzia di qualità. È inoltre disponibile un servizio prioritario con risultati entro 4 giorni lavorativi.
L’assistenza clienti è disponibile in inglese, cinese, francese, tedesco, italiano, giapponese, coreano, portoghese e spagnolo.
### Risultati conformi alla norma ISO 16620-2, Metodo C
SGS Beta utilizza la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS), identificata come Metodo C nella norma ISO 16620-2. Misuriamo i rapporti isotopici e riportiamo i risultati in conformità alla sezione 8.3.2 della norma ISO 16620-2, esprimendo il contenuto di carbonio biobased come [frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Non riportiamo i risultati dell’analisi del carbonio-14 come frazione in massa del carbonio totale.
*SGS Beta non è affiliata a ISO né alle sue commissioni tecniche.*
LABORATORIO DI ALTA QUALITÀ
#### SGS Beta offre analisi ISO 16620 con tempi di consegna standard o prioritari.
[Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Ultimo aggiornamento: novembre 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – 플라스틱 및 다른 제품들의 바이오 기반 함량 실험
바이오기반 탄소 비율 vs 화석 탄소 비율 측정
[자세한 내용은 문의 주세요](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- ISO 16620은 플라스틱 제품, 폴리머, 첨가제의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 실험 방식입니다.
- 이 표준 방식은 탄소 14 분석을 통해, 향료, 향수, 보조 식품, 음료 및 기타 제품의 천연유래 vs 석유화학 유래 성분을 확인하는데 사용할 수 있습니다.
- SGS Beta 연구소는 빠르고 정확한 ISO 16620-2 바이오 매스 실험 서비스를 제공합니다.
## 플라스틱 제품의 ISO 16620 기준
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)은 플라스틱 제품의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 여러 편의 기준을 발표했습니다. 해당 표준 방식 중 하나인 이 방식은 플라스틱 소재의 탄소 중 재생가능 자원이나 바이오매스 유래 탄소의 정확한 비율을 산출할 수 있습니다.
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Plastics — Biobased content — Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content (플라스틱 — 바이오 매스 함량 — Part 2: 바이오 매스 탄소 함량 측정)
ISO 16620-2 은 방사성탄소 측정 방식을 포함하며, 전체 탄소 함량 혹은 전체 유기 탄소 함량 대비 바이오 유래 탄소 함량을 표시합니다. 이 표준 방식은 바이오기반 또는 화석 기반 성분으로 제조된 플라스틱 제품, 고분자 수지, 단량체 또는 첨가제에 적용됩니다. 해당 표준은 [ISO 웹사이트](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) 에서 유료로 다운로드할 수 있습니다.
## ISO 16620-2는 석유 유래 합성 물질을 어떻게 감지할까요?
ISO 16620-2은 방사성탄소 (Carbon 14) 분석을 통해 인공 물질을 찾아낸다. ISO 16620-2에 따르면, 식물 추출물과 같은 바이오매스에서 유래한 소재는 탄소-14 함량이 확인되며 100% 바이오기반 소재가 됩니다. 반면에 석유 기반 원료에서 온 물질들은 방사성탄소가 전혀 없으며, 이는 바이오기반 0%이다. 따라서 바이오매스 (식물) 물질과 석유 기반 화학 물질을 혼합한 물질은 각 물질의 비율에 따라 0%에서 100% 사이의 바이오기반 함량을 가지고 있을 것이다.
ISO 16620-2 은 특정 식물, 동물, 혹은 미생물에서 온 자연산 제품인지 여부는 구별하지 못한다. 이는 내용물 명세 분석이 아닙니다. ISO 16620-2의 보고서는 자연산 원료 (바이오기반 함량) 대비 석유 기반 합성 원료의 퍼센트 만을 보여준다.
### ISO 16620-2 시험을 위해 시료 제출 준비가 되셨나요?
시료 규격, 권장 용기 및 기타 세부 사항은 [플라스틱 제품](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html) 및 [천연 성분](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/samples.html) 관련 제출 지침에서 확인할 수 있습니다.
### SGS Beta 연구소의 고품격 ISO 16620-2 실험 서비스
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증된 당사 실험실은 품질 보증 보고서를 포함한 결과를 7 영업일 이내 귀하의 개인 온라인 계정으로 정기적으로 보고합니다. 4 영업일 이내에 결과 보고를 위한 특급 서비스도 가능합니다.
한국어를 포함한 영어, 중국어, 프랑스어, 독일어, 이탈리아어, 일본어, 포르투갈어, 스페인어로 고객 지원이 제공됩니다.
### ISO 16620-2 C 방식에 따른 결과 보고서
SGS Beta는 ISO 16620-2 표준에서 ‘C 방식(Method C)’로 지칭되는 가속기 질량 분석법(AMS)을 사용합니다. 당사는 ISO 16620-2 8.3.2에 따라 동위원소비를 측정하고 그 결과를 보고합니다 ( [총 탄소 또는 총 유기 탄소](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) 대비 바이오기반 탄소 함량). 당사는 질량에 대한 총 탄소 대비 탄소-14 결과를 보고하지 않습니다.
*SGS Beta 연구소는 ISO나 ISO의 기술 위원회와 관련이 없는 제3기관입니다.*
고품질 보장 연구소
#### SGS Beta는 ISO 16620 시험에 대해 일반 및 특급 서비스를 제공합니다.
[가격 요청](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
관련 자료: 2025년 11월
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils von Kunststoffen & Produkten
Messung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteils (%) im Vergleich zum fossilen Kohlenstoffanteil (%)
[Kontaktieren Sie uns für weitere Informationen.](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- ISO 16620 misst den Anteil von biobasierten Kunststoffprodukten, Polymeren und Zusatzstoffen.
- Mit Hilfe der Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse kann diese Norm auch dazu verwendet werden, die natürliche Herkunft von Bestandteilen aus der Petrochemie in Aromen, Duftstoffen, Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln, Getränken und anderen Produkten zu überprüfen.
- SGS Beta bietet schnelle und genaue ISO 16620-2 Untersuchungen.
## **ISO-Norm 16620 für Kunststoffe**
Die Internationale Organisation für Normung (International Organization for Standardization, kurz ISO) eine Reihe von Normen bezüglich des biobasierten Gehalts** von Kunststoffen. Einer der Standards kann den genauen prozentualen Anteil des Kohlenstoffs im Kunststoffmaterial bestimmen, der aus erneuerbaren Quellen oder Biomasse stammt:
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Kunststoffe – Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils – Teil 2: Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts
SO 16620-2 beinhaltet die Radiokarbon-Analyse** und drückt den Anteil des biobasierten Kohlenstoffs als Fraktion der Probenmasse, gesamter Karbon-Gehalt oder gesamter organischer Karbon-Gehalt aus. Diese Standard gilt für Kunststoffprodukte, Polymerharze, Monomere oder Additive, die aus biobasierten oder fossilbasierten Bestandteilen hergestellt sind. Die Standard ist auf der [ISO website](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) gegen eine Gebühr als Download erhältlich.
## **Wie erkennt ISO 16620-2 synthetische und erdölbasierte Substanzen?**
ISO 16620-2 erkennt künstliche Substanzen in Materialien mit Hilfe der Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse. Materialien, die vollständig aus Biomasse (wie etwa Pflanzenextrakten) gewonnen werden, weisen einen bekannten Kohlenstoff-14-Gehalt auf und gelten gemäß ISO 16620-2 als zu 100 % biobasiert. Im Gegensatz dazu weisen Materialien, die vollständig erdölbasiert sind, kein Kohlenstoff-14 mehr auf und sind damit auch 0% biobasiert. Wenn ein Produkt sowohl aus Biomasse (Pflanzenextrakten), als auch aus erdölbasierten Chemikalien besteht, liegt der biobasierte Anteil zwischen 0% und 100% proportional zu der Menge der jeweiligen Komponenten in dem Produkt.
ISO 16620-2 kann nicht unterscheiden, ob das natürliche Produkt von speziellen Pflanzen, Tieren oder mikrobiologischen Materialien stammt. Es handelt sich nicht um eine Analyse der Inhaltsspezifikationen. Der ISO 16620-2 Bericht zeigt den Prozentsatz eines Produkts, der natürlichen Ursprungs ist (biobasierter Anteil) verglichen mit dem synthetischen und erdölbasierten Anteil.
### Sind Sie bereit, Ihre Produkte für die Prüfung nach ISO 16620-2 einzureichen?
Angaben zu Probengrößen, empfohlenen Behältern und weitere Einzelheiten finden Sie in unseren Einreichungsrichtlinien für [Kunststoffprodukte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866-05-lieferung.html) und [natürliche Inhaltsstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/proben.html).
### SGS Beta hochqualitative ISO 16620-2 Untersuchungen
Unser nach ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiertes Labor stellt die Ergebnisse – einschließlich der Qualitätssicherungsberichte – routinemäßig innerhalb von 7 Werktagen oder weniger in Ihrem persönlichen Online-Konto bereit. Für Ergebnisse, die innerhalb von 4 Werktagen oder weniger benötigt werden, steht ein Prioritätsservice zur Verfügung.
Der Kundensupport ist auf Englisch, Chinesisch, Französisch, Deutsch, Italienisch, Japanisch, Koreanisch, Portugiesisch und Spanisch verfügbar.
### Ergebnisse gemäß ISO 16620-2, Verfahren C, berichtet
SGS Beta verwendet die Beschleunigermassenspektrometrie (AMS), die in der Norm ISO 16620-2 als Verfahren C bezeichnet wird. Wir bestimmen Isotopenverhältnisse und berichten die Ergebnisse gemäß ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: Gehalt an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff als Anteil am [Gesamtkohlenstoff oder am gesamten organischen Kohlenstoff](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Die Kohlenstoff-14-Ergebnisse werden nicht als Massenanteil des Gesamtkohlenstoffs angegeben.
*SGS Beta ist nicht mit ISO oder deren Technischen Ausschüssen affiliiert.*
HOCHWERTIGES LABOR
#### SGS Beta bietet Standard- und Prioritätsservices für ISO-16620-Prüfungen an.
[Preisanfrage](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: November 2025
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### [Ready to submit a hydrocarbon or fuel gas for biogenic carbon or isotopic testing?](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
**Published:** February 28, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Ready to submit a hydrocarbon or fuel gas for biogenic carbon or isotopic testing?
1
## Complete the Hydrocarbon Gas questionnaire then submit a form.
Contact your Account Manager or <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> to receive a Hydrocarbon Gas questionnaire. A questionnaire must be completed, submitted, and approved by our laboratory team prior to submitting your sample.
Fill out the correct submission form – Use [“Fuel Gas / Hydrocarbon Gas” form.](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
2
## Prepare the required sample size and containers for gas phase samples
Recommended Containers
Supel Inert Multi-Layer Foil Gas Sampling bag with screw cap valve (30279-U)
Sample Volume
0.6 L or 1 L
Reminders
*Preferred Container
Restek Multi-Layer Aluminum Foil (catalog 22950), with polypropylene valve
0.6 L or 1 L
*Preferred Container
Cali-5-Bond™ multi-layer foil sampling bags
0.6 L or 1 L
*Preferred Container
IsoBag® gas bags
0.300 L
Isotube, 80 psig max pressure
0.110 L
for submitting pressurized gas samples
Please fill the bag ⅔ full.
3
## Ship samples directly to Miami
Samples need to be shipped directly to the lab in Miami by a Dangerous Goods Shipper since SGS Beta’s international forwarding facilities are not equipped to accept or ship fuel gases and hydrocarbon gases. It is recommended that an archival sample is collected and stored prior to submission of your hydrocarbon/fuel gas sample.
Please send to:
Beta Analytic
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
When sending directly to Miami, please use this label for customs declaration:
For scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.
Customs and carriage value: 1 USD
| Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) |
|---|
| 2711.21.00 | Natural gas |
| 2711.29.00 | Petroleum Gases and Other Gaseous Hydrocarbons, Gaseous, Others |
| 2711.29.0025 | Butanes, Gaseous, Others |
| 2711.14.00 | Ethylene, propylene, butylene, and butadiene |
| 2711.29.0060 | OTHR PETRLM GASES-GASEOUS |
All shipping must be arranged with a Dangerous Goods Shipper.
SGS Beta is not responsible for the clearance or transportation costs of international shipments. The shipper is responsible for handling the administrative requirements to release the shipment.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
We will email you to confirm the safe arrival of your samples in Miami and to quote a delivery date for the results. Our quoted turnaround time starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends. Samples received after the 3 PM EST cut-off time are logged on the next business day.
For more information on our payment methods, cancellation fees and others, please visit our [FAQ page. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html)
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for biogenic carbon testing of fuel gases using ASTM D6866.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: December 2025
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### [탄소-14 분석 실험 및 Beta 서비스에 대한 질의 응답](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **시험 비용 및 지불 방법**
## [취소 수수료가 있나?](#collapse1)
약속한 날짜를 지키기 위해 시료가 도착하자마자 바로 분석 작업에 들어갑니다. 이 말은 시료 도착과 함께 비용이 발생한다는 뜻입니다. 주문 변경이 가능하지만, 요청하는 시점까지 행한 작업에 따라 부분 혹은 전액 비용이 청구될 수도 있다는 점을 알아주시기 바랍니다.
## [베타의 결제 방법은 무엇입니까?](#collapse2)
W은행 송금 또는 신용 카드로 지불하는 것이 좋습니다. 지불 조건에 대한 자세한 내용은 [이 페이지를](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html) 참조합니다.
#### • **결과 및 보고서**
## [결과 보고서가 언제 나오는지 알려주나요?](#collapse3)
시료가 미국 본사 실험실에 도착하면, 도착 확인 및 보고서 발행 날짜를 알려드립니다. 예상 날짜는 주말 제외하고 실험실에 도착한 다음 날부터 계산합니다. 미국 동부 시간 3 PM 이후 실험실에 도착한 시료들은 그 다음날 체크인 됩니다.
## [실험실에서 시료 상태를 추적할 수 있습니까?](#collapse4)
예. 당사 웹사이트의 고객 영역에 로그인한 다음 대시보드에서 “추적 보기”를 선택합니다.
## [다른 연구소에서 구형 버전(예 ASTM D6866-12)으로 과거에 실험해 본 적이 있다.
최신 보정 값을 적용해 인증된 바이오기반 함량을 조정할 수 있나?](#collapse5)
안된다. 인증 기관 및 친환경 프로그램은 그들이 권장하는 분석 표준 방식의 최신 버전으로 재 실험을 요구할 수도 있다. 시료 제출 전, 미리 재 실험이 필요한지 인증 기관이나 친환경 프로그램에 문의한다.
#### • **시료 및 문서**
## [휘발성 유기 화합물 (VOC) 및 기타 휘발성 성분이 포함된 시료는 허용됩니까? ](#collapse6)
제품 내 휘발성 유기 물질의 분석을 원하시면 시료 발송 전 연락 주시기 바랍니다. CO2 (순수 혹은 공기 혼합 상태) 로 제출된 가스만 분석 가능합니다.
정확한 분석을 위해서 제품 내 모든 탄소를 확인해야 합니다. 만약 바이오 기반 구성 부분이 휘발성이고, 석유 구성 부분이 휘발성이 아니라면, 휘발 된 부분이 비 휘발성 석유 구성 부분 만큼 확인이 안된다면, 바이오 기반 함량 측정 값이 너무 낮게 나오게 됩니다. 이런 시료 들을 다룰 때는 특별 절차가 필요하며, 실험실은 이에 대해 미리 알고 있어야 합니다. 예. 증발성 손 소독제. 이런 정보를 실험실에 제공하는 것은 전적으로 고객의 책임입니다.
## [위험 물질 발송 전 해야 할 일은?](#collapse7)
발송 전 미리 알려줘야 정확한 발송 방법과 주소를 알려줄 수 있습니다. International Air Transport Association (IATA)에 의해 위험 물질이라 판단되는 시료는 미국으로 직접 발송해주셔야 합니다. Hazardous substances with IATA Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 or E5 and those in Packing Groups II and III qualify for De Minimis shipping. De Minimis로 시료를 본사로 직접 보내실 경우, 시료는 1 mL 를 초과해서는 안되며 포장은 위험 물질 규정, 에 있는 지시를 따라야만 합니다. 혹시 누수가 있을 경우 충분한 흡수제를 가지고 있어야 하고, 깨짐 방지를 위해 포장을 잘해야 합니다. De Minimis 발송을 위해 특별 라벨은 필요치 않습니다. 더 자세한 정보를 알고 싶다면 IATA의 [위험 물질 규정](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) 을 참고하기 바랍니다.
## [SDS/MSDS 이 필요한가요?](#collapse8)
화학물질은 반드시 SDS/MSDS을 포함해야 합니다. 우리는 사본을 보관해야 합니다. 베타 지역 매니저에게 사본을 이메일로 보내거나 온라인 데이터 시트에 업로드할 수 있습니다.
## [발암 물질이 들어있는 시료 괜찮은가?](#collapse9)
우리 실험실은 위험 물질을 취급하고 폐기할 수 있는 시설이 없습니다. 발암 물질이나 폐기 시 특수 절차가 필요한 물질을 받을 수가 없습니다. 인화성 물질 혹은 일부 독성 물질 (예. 페놀) 의 경우, 폐기가 문제가 되지 않을 정도의 아주 소량의 시료는 분석 가능합니다. 적절한 시료 량이 얼마인지 시료 발송 전 미리 연락 주시기 바랍니다.
## [시료 반환 요청 가능한가요?](#collapse10)
Beta 연구소는 사용치 않은 시료 혹은 전처리된 초과 시료를 반환하지 않습니다. 고객은 반드시 필요한 량만 제출해 주셔야 합니다. 모든 초과 시료는 폐기 처분합니다.
## [탄소-14 실험 및 Beta 연구소 서비스 관련 질의/응답](#collapse11)
제출된 시료가 충분한 경우, 여분의 원래 시료 그리고/혹은 전처리된 시료가 소량 남았으면, 결과 보고 / 보고서 방출 다음날부터 30일간 보관합니다. 이유는 백업 분석 혹은 필요 시 추가 [조사를 하기 위한 내부 용 품질](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) 보증 측정을 위해서 입니다. 참고: 물 시료는 보관하지 않습니다.
**이 기간이 지나면, 모든 시료 (원 상태 그리고 전처리된 상태) 모두 소각해서 처분합니다.**
**연락 및 시료 폐기 처분** – Beta 연구소는 연락을 취했지만 고객으로부터 아무런 반응이 없다면 6개월 후에는 폐기 처분합니다.
## [하위 샘플링 지침을 보내야 할까요?](#collapseTwelve12)
필요에 따라 하위 샘플링 지침을 보냅니다. 별다른 지시 사항이 없으면, 분석 방법에 따라 제출해 주신 물질에서 적당 량을 채취합니다. 고객의 요구에 따른 특별 요청 사항이 있으면, 실험실에 연락 바랍니다. 본 실험실은 모든 제품, 그 제조 과정에 대해 전문가가 아닌 관계로, 분석 시료의 대표 성에 대해 고객/시료 제출자에게 책임이 있습니다.
#### • **배송 및 필수 컨테이너**
## [어디로 시료 발송하나요? 어디서 분석이 진행되는가? ](#collapse12)
서울을 포함하여 세계 여러 곳에 시료 접수처가 있지만, 본사가 있는 플로리다 마이애미에서 모든 실험은 진행된다. 유럽의 경우, 마드리드 사무소로 시료 발송 가능합니다. 중국에서는 샤먼 (Xiamen) 주소로 시료 발송한다. 일본에서는 나고야 사무소로 시료 발송한다. 또한 영국, 한국에 사무소를 운영하고 있다.
참고: 바이오 연료는 지역 포워딩 사무소에서는 처리할 수 있는 장비를 갖추고 있지 않는 관계로 마이애미에 있는 본사 실험실로 직접 배송해야 합니다.
## [ Beta는 미국 세관에서 고객의 패키지 통관을 담당합니까?](#collapse13)
아니요. 시료를 미국으로 바로 보낼 경우, 세관 통관까지 모든 책임을 지는 운송 회사를 선택해야 합니다. 발송에 관해 언제든지 연락주시기 바랍니다.
Beta 연구소는 본사 포워딩 사무실을 이용하지 않을 경우 국제 택배비, 통관 비용에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. 탁송 업체를 이용한 선적은 반드시 [DDP 계약](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) 조건에서 보내져야 합니다. 발송자가 배달 관련한 모든 행정 비용 지불 책임을 집니다.
시료를 본사로 바로 보낼 경우, 세관 신고서에 이 내용을 꼭 기재합니다. “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
세관 신고 금액: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
## [바이오 연료를 지역 포워딩 사무소에 제출할 수 있습니까?](#collapse14)
아니요. 샘플은 마이애미에 있는 실험실로 직접 배송해야 하는데, 이는 Beta의 국제 운송 사무소가 바이오 연료를 취급할 수 있는 장비를 갖추고 있지 않기 때문입니다.
“De Minimis Shipping” 가이드라인에 따라 발송합니다. 발송업체 및 송장 번호를 이메일로 알려주시면 발송 단계를 추적할 수 있습니다.
International Air Transport Association (IATA). Hazardous substances with IATA Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 나 E5 그리고 Packing Groups II and III 은 De Minimis shipping.Samples을 정해 놓았는데 위험물질로 분류된 경우, 미국 본사로 바로 발송하셔야 합니다. 시료가 1 ml을 초과해서는 안되며, 위험 물질 규정의 가이드라인 (Dangerous Goods Regulations) 에 따라 누수가 될 경우, 충분히 흡수해야 하고, 깨짐을 방지하기 위해 튼튼히 포장해야 합니다. 특별한 표식은 필요없습니다. 자세한 정보는 IATA [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) Regulations. 참조하시기 바랍니다.
## [휘발성 유기 화합물(VOC)이 포함된 액체에 필요한 용기는 무엇입니까? ](#collapseFourteen14)
1 mL 유리 바이알 병. 병을 꽉 채웁니다 (공간이 없게).
다른 사용 가능한 바이알 병은 [여기](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html)에서 찾아 볼 수 있습니다.한쪽 면이 알루미늄 호일로 된 마개의 바이알 병은 절대 사용하지 말아야 합니다. 이 판은 접착제로 붙여 놓았기 때문입니다. 휘발성 액체에서 나오는 기체가 운송 중 접착제를 녹일 수 있어 오염이 되기 때문에 적합하지 않습니다. 투명 뚜껑 역시 적당하지 않습니다.
## [VOC가 없는 액체 샘플에는 어떤 용기가 필요합니까? ](#collapseFourteen15)
이 [사이트](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html)에 있는 바이알 병 사용 가능합니다. 운송 중 깨지지 않게 잘 포장합니다.
소량 스쿠류 탑 바이알 병을 사용한다면, 실리콘 및 테프론 혹은 다른 화학적 무반응 물질로 만든 뚜껑인지 반드시 확인 바랍니다. 한 쪽이 알루미늄 호일 면을 가진 판으로 된 뚜껑을 가진 바이알 병은 절대 사용하지 말아야 합니다. 이 판은 접착제로 붙여 놓았기 때문입니다.
## [“최소 배송”에 해당하는 샘플은 무엇입니까? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Hazardous substances with International Air Transport Association (IATA) Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 나 E5 그리고 Packing Groups II and III 은 De Minimis shipping. Samples을 정해 놓았는데 위험물질로 분류된 경우, 미국 본사로 바로 발송하셔야 합니다. 시료가 1 ml을 초과해서는 안되며, 위험 물질 규정의 가이드라인 (Dangerous Goods Regulations) 에 따라 누수가 될 경우, 충분히 흡수해야 하고, 깨짐을 방지하기 위해 튼튼히 포장해야 합니다. 특별한 표식은 필요없습니다. 자세한 정보는 IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. 참조하시기 바랍니다.
직접 미국 본사 실험실로 시료를 발송할 경우, 발송업체가 미국 세관 통관까지 모든 책임을 지는 업체를 선정하셔야 합니다. 발송 자문이 필요하시면 연락 바랍니다.
## [어떤 세관 신고서를 사용해야 합니까? ](#collapseFourteen17)
시료를 본사로 바로 보낼 경우, 세관 신고서에 이 내용을 꼭 기재합니다. “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
세관 신고 금액: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
#### • **온라인 데이터 시트**
## [어떤 분석 표준을 선택해야 합니까?](#collapse15)
서로 다른 분석 표준 방식은 서로 다른 제품 유형에 적용한다. 예를 들어, [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766) 은 단지 바이오기반 용제에만 적용하는 반면 ASTM D6866 표준 방식은 가스를 포함한 모든 제품에 적용한다. 또한 바이오기반 퍼센트 계산에서 아주 미세한 차이가 있다. 일부 표준 방식의 보고서에는 전체 유기 탄소 (total organic carbon (TOC))의 일부로서 결과가 나오는 반면, 일부 보고서에는 전체 탄소 (total carbon (TC))의 일부로서 결과가 나온다.
분석 표준 방식은 선택하는 프로그램에 따라 다르다. 예를 들어, 유럽의 대부분 프로그램은 CEN 분석 표준 방식을 사용한다. 미 농무성의 [USDA’s BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) 은 단지 ASTM D6866 실험을 항상 사용한다.
#### • **炭素-14分析による 天然 vs 合成 試験**
## [위조 탐지에 사용하는 방사성탄소 (C14) 분석 방법이 다른 실험 방법과 다른 점은 무엇인가? ](#collapse16)
다른 실험 방법들은 단지 천연 유래 위조를 탐지할 수 있지만, 방사성탄소(C14) 분석은 위조 사실이 화석유래(합성)에 의한 것이라면 정확히 증명할 수 있습니다. 서로 다른 천연 유래 위조를 구별하려면 다른 화학 분석 방법, 예를 들면 안정 동위원소 분석이 필요합니다.
추가 관심사 자료: [일반적인 위조 탐지 실험 방법들 – 방사성탄소 (C14) 분석이 필요할까?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [천연유래 실험 결과가 제품의 실제 성분을 보여주나?](#collapse17)
아니요. 실험 결과는 단지 천연유래 (식물이나 동물) vs 화석 유래 (석유 유래) 성분을 퍼센트로 보여줍니다. 방사성탄소(C14) 실험 결과는 제품의 구성이나 개별 성분에 관한 정보를 제공하지 않습니다.
#### • **ガスと廃棄物燃料の再生可能炭素試験**
## [가스 시료 담을 백을 제공하나? ](#collapse18)
아니다. 테드라 (Tedlar) 가스 백을 자체적으로 구매해야 한다.
## [현장 시료 채집 서비스 제공하나?](#collapse19)
가스 채집 서비스는 제공하지 않는다.
## [이산화탄소 (CO2) 배출 가스 혹은 고체 시료, 어느 것을 보내는 게 더 좋은가?](#collapse20)
배출 가스 발생 시 소각 되는 물질에 따라 다르다. 가스 시료가 폐기물 유래 시료 보다 시료 재채집 시 더 균질화되어 있고, 덜 복잡하다.
## [배출 가스 혹은 폐기물 유래 연료를 얼마나 자주 실험해야 하나?](#collapse21)
얼마나 자주 실험하는 가는 해당 지역이나 국가의 규제 정책에 따라 혹은 해당 온실가스 혜택에 따라 다르다.
*관련 자료: 2026년 3월*
---
### [FAQs on Carbon-14 Testing & Beta’s Services](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Testing Fees & Payment Methods**
## [Does Beta charge cancellation fees?](#collapse1)
Analyses are started immediately upon receipt of samples to best ensure we meet our promised delivery. This means that charges are also incurred immediately upon receipt of samples. Please be aware that partial or full charges will apply based on how much work has been completed by the time of the change request.
## [What are Beta’s payment methods?](#collapse2)
We recommend payment by wire transfer or credit card. For details on our payment terms, please refer to [this page](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Results & Reports**
## [Will Beta inform clients when to expect the results?](#collapse3)
A Beta representative will contact you to confirm the safe arrival of your samples in Miami and to quote you a delivery date for the results. Our quoted turnaround time starts following the day of receipt at the Miami laboratory excluding weekends. Samples being delivered to the lab after 3PM EST will be logged in the system the following day.
## [Can we track the status of our samples in the lab?](#collapse4)
Yes. Log in the Customer Area of our website then select “View Tracking” in the dashboard.
## [Beta tested our products in the past using an older version of an analytical standard (e.g. ASTM D6866-12).
Can you adjust the result using the newest correction factor?](#collapse5)
No. Certification agencies and programs may require the products to be tested again using the latest version of the analytical standard they are recommending. Before sending samples to us, please contact the certification organization or program to verify if re-testing is required.
#### • **Samples & Documentation**
## [Does Beta accept samples with Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and other volatile components?](#collapse6)
If you want to analyze the VOCs in your product, please consult us before shipping the sample. We can only analyze gases submitted as CO2 (either pure or in air mixtures).
Accurate analysis requires recovery of all available carbon within the product. If the biobased (“natural”) component is volatile and the synthetic, petroleum-derived component is not, the measured biobased content for the product will be too low if the volatiles are not recovered in the same proportion as the non-volatile petroleum-derived components. Special procedures are readily applied to handle such samples but Beta needs to be aware of the need. It is the submitter’s sole responsibility to provide the laboratory with this information.
## [What to do before submitting hazardous samples?](#collapse7)
It is very important to inform us before shipping hazardous samples so we can give you the correct instructions and shipping address. Samples need to be shipped to the US if they are designated as hazardous by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Hazardous substances with IATA Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 or E5 and those in Packing Groups II and III qualify for De Minimis shipping. To ship as De Minimis to our Miami office, the sample volume must not exceed 1 mL and the packaging must follow the guidelines in the Dangerous Goods Regulations, being sufficiently absorbent in case of leakage and sturdy enough to prevent breakage. No special labeling is required for De Minimis shipping. For detailed information, please consult the IATA [Dangerous Goods Regulations](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html).
## [Does Beta require an SDS/MSDS?](#collapse8)
Chemicals must include SDS/MSDS. We must have a copy on file. You can email a copy to your Beta account manager or upload it to your online data sheet.
## [Does Beta accept samples with carcinogenic materials?](#collapse9)
Our laboratory does not have the facilities for handling or disposing of certain hazardous materials, and as such we cannot accept carcinogenic materials or materials requiring special disposal procedures. In the case of highly flammable or certain toxic materials (e.g. phenols), we can accept very small quantities such that disposal is not an issue. However, please contact us prior to sending the samples to discuss the appropriate amount to send.
## [Will Beta return samples upon request?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta will NOT return any unused original or pretreated excess sample materials. The client must submit exactly the amount required by the lab. Any excess material will be disposed of.
## [How long is Beta’s sample retention period?](#collapse11)
When a material submitted is sufficient in size to allow a small amount of excess original and/or pretreated sample to be archived, we will archive the sample for 30 calendar days following the time of reporting / release of results. This is done as an internal [Quality Assurance](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) measure to allow for back-up analyses or additional investigations to be performed, if needed. Note: Beta does not archive or retain water samples.
**Following this retention period, all sample bags and excess sample materials (original and pretreated) will be disposed of by incineration.**
**Communication and Sample Disposal** – SGS Beta will dispose of samples after 6 months that there is pending communication and no response has been received from the client on how to proceed.
## [Should we send sub-sampling instructions?](#collapseTwelve12)
Send sub-sampling instructions as necessary. Unless otherwise instructed, we will subsample the submitted material in a quantity reasonable for the analytical method. If there are any special instructions to ensure the subsample best represents the client’s interests, please discuss with the laboratory prior to analysis. Since Beta cannot be experts in all manufacturing processes and products, the responsibility for analysis of a representative subsample lies with the client/submitter.
#### • **Shipping & Required Containers**
## [Where should we send the samples? Where is the analysis performed?](#collapse12)
We have several forwarding offices around the world but testing is only done in the Miami, Florida headquarters. If you are in Europe, please send your samples to our Germany office. For China, please send them to our Xiamen address. For Japan, send the samples to our agent in Nagoya. We also have other forwarding offices in the UK and South Korea.
Note: Biofuels need to be shipped directly to the lab in Miami because Beta’s international forwarding offices are not equipped to handle these materials.
## [Is Beta in charge of clearing a client’s package with US customs?](#collapse13)
No. Please make sure that the shipping company you choose takes full responsibility to clear the package with US customs when sending samples directly to Miami, Florida. You may contact us for shipping advice.
Beta is not responsible for the clearance or transportation costs of international shipments not sent through one of [our forwarding offices](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses). Shipments arranged through a freight forwarder must be sent under [DDP terms](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). The shipper is responsible for handling the administrative requirements to release the shipment.
When sending directly to Miami, please use this label for customs declaration: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Customs and carriage value: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
## [Can we submit biofuels to a Beta forwarding office?](#collapse14)
No. Samples need to be shipped directly to the lab in Miami because Beta’s international forwarding offices are not equipped to handle biofuels.
Please send your samples under the guidelines of “De Minimis Shipping” and email us the courier and tracking number.
Hazardous substances with International Air Transport Association (IATA) Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 or E5 and those in Packing Groups II and III qualify for De Minimis shipping. To ship as De Minimis to our Miami office, the sample volume must not exceed 1 mL and the packaging must follow the guidelines in the [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) Regulations, being sufficiently absorbent in case of leakage and sturdy enough to prevent breakage. No special labelling is required for De Minimis shipping. For detailed information, please consult the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
## [What are your required containers for liquids with volatile organic compounds (VOCs)? ](#collapseFourteen14)
Please use 1 mL glass micro-sample vial with a crimp top that has a Teflon-lined septum. The vial should have no headspace.
Examples of vials you may use are found [here](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Do not use vials that have caps lined with a piece of cardboard with an Aluminum-foil face on one side. The cardboard side is glued to the cap. These are not suitable for fuels or other volatile liquids as the vapors can dissolve the glue and contaminate the sample during shipment. The clear snap caps are also not typically recommended for fuels.
## [What containers do you require for liquid samples with NO VOCs? ](#collapseFourteen15)
Examples of vials you may use are found [here](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Please make sure that the seal of your vials are tight and that the vials are wrapped properly to prevent breakage during shipment.
If you use low-volume screw top vials, make sure they have a non-reactive cap liner made from silicone and teflon or some other chemically non-reactive material. Do not use vials that have caps lined with a piece of cardboard with an Aluminum-foil face on one side. The cardboard side is glued to the cap.
## [Which samples qualify under “de minimis shipping”? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Hazardous substances with International Air Transport Association (IATA) Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 or E5 and those in Packing Groups II and III qualify for De Minimis shipping. To ship as De Minimis to our Miami office, the sample volume must not exceed 1 mL and the packaging must follow the guidelines in the Dangerous Goods Regulations, being sufficiently absorbent in case of leakage and sturdy enough to prevent breakage. No special labeling is required for De Minimis shipping. For detailed information, please consult the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
When sending samples directly to the US, please make sure that the shipping company you choose takes full responsibility to clear the package with US customs. You are welcome to contact us for shipping advice.
## [What customs declaration should be used? ](#collapseFourteen17)
When sending directly to Miami, please use this label for customs declaration: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Customs and carriage value: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
#### • **Online Data Sheet**
## [Which analytical standard do we need to select?](#collapse15)
Different analytical standards apply to different types of products. For example, [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766) only applies to biobased solvents while the ASTM D6866 standard applies to almost all products, including gases. The standards also have slight differences in the calculation of the biobased or renewable carbon percentage. Some standards report results [as a fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) while others report results as a fraction of total carbon (TC) present in the material](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html).
The analytical standard depends on the program you will choose. For example, most programs in Europe recommend a CEN analytical standard. The [USDA’s BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) only uses ASTM D6866 testing at this time.
#### • **Natural vs Synthetic Testing by Carbon-14 Analysis**
## [How is Carbon-14 analysis different from other test methods used to detect adulteration?](#collapse16)
Only Carbon-14 analysis can verify if the adulteration is due to fossil sources (synthetic) whereas the other methods can only detect naturally sourced adulterants. To distinguish between different natural adulterants, other chemical analyses are needed, e.g. stable isotope analysis.
You may also be interested in reading: [Common Authenticity Testing Methods – Is Carbon-14 Analysis Necessary?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [Do natural source test results show the actual ingredients in the product?](#collapse17)
No. Test results only show the percentage of ingredients that come from biomass (e.g. plants, animals) versus components that are from fossil sources (e.g. petroleum-derived). Carbon-14 testing results do not provide any data regarding product formulation or individual ingredients.
#### • **Renewable Carbon Testing of Gases & Waste Fuels**
## [Do you provide gas bag containers?](#collapse18)
No. You can buy Tedlar gas bags from any supplier.
## [Do you offer onsite sample collection?](#collapse19)
No, gas sampling is not part of SGS Beta’s services.
## [Is it better to send CO2 gas or solid samples?](#collapse20)
It depends on the materials being incinerated to generate the emissions. Gas samples are more homogeneous and less complicated to subsample than waste-derived samples like municipal solid waste.
## [How often should we test our emissions or waste-derived fuels?](#collapse21)
The testing frequency depends on the prevailing regulations in your state/region or the greenhouse gas initiatives selected for application.
*Page last updated: March 2026*
---
### [高质量碳-14测试实验室](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hans/index.html)
**Published:** September 16, 2026
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
CN Homepage
---
### [test-cn](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hans/test-cn.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2026
**Author:** DPO
---
### [CN Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hans.html)
**Published:** September 15, 2026
**Author:** DPO
---
### [炭素14を利用した偽和試験で天然由来製品の品質管理を強化](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
天然由来100％の製品（ナチュラルプロダクツ）は、合成製品よりも高価なことが多いため、石油由来の人工成分を含んだ製品を天然由来の製品と偽ってラベリングして売られている可能性があります。 弊社の偽和試験「天然由来証明試験（放射性炭素：C14分析法）」により、メーカーや原材料メーカー、販売業者、消費者、規制団体は、以下の項目が可能となります。
- 天然由来と謳っている製品の真贋検証
- 偽和された”天然由来”香味料・香料を特定
- 天然由来製品のR&Dを後押しするデータを取得
ラボがカーボン14分析に受け入れている製品の例には、[化粧品](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/cosmetics.html "化粧品"), [クルクミン](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html "クルクミン")（ターメリック）、[精油](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/oils.html "精油")、[香料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fragrances.html "香料"), [食品栄養補助食品](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/food.html "食品栄養補助食品")などが含まれます。
---
## C14分析法とその他の偽和試験結果の検証
品質管理・品質保証部門が、偽和と検出するための試験方法はいくつかありますが、しかし、100％天然由来と謳っている製品における石油由来の合成物質の偽和を特定することができるのは、弊社の天然由来証明試験で使用されるC14分析法だけです
製品が、100％バイオベースであるというのは、100％植物・動物・微生物などの生物由来成分で構成されていることを意味します。弊社の天然由来証明試験（C14分析法）では、製品中のバイオマス由来の炭素含有率を正確に測定します。
Beta Analytic社では、C14分析法に基づく国際標準規格[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")およびISO 16620-2に準拠して天然由来証明試験を行い、結果をご報告しています。
**関連記事（英語での記事掲載）:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[更にベータアナリティックの記事を参照](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "更にベータアナリティックの記事を参照")
#### Beta Analyticの専門家におまかせください!
##### 14 営業日で結果をお知らせ
一年を通じて14 営業日で結果をお知らせしています。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 試験報告書は、24時間365日オンラインで閲覧が可能で、品質管理レポート(Quality Assurance reports)と試料の写真が添付されます。
##### バイオベース炭素試験のパイオニア
ラボは、放射性炭素法を用いたバイオベース度を決定する最初の標準規格(ASTM D6866) の主要策定メンバーです。ISO 16620-2を含めた全ての主要なバイオベース関連の標準化のイニシアチブを発揮するテクニカルアドバイザーを務めています。
##### 高品質な技術コンサルテーション
Beta Analyticには複雑なバイオベースの試料に比類なき専門性があります。中国語、フランス語、ドイツ語、イタリア語、日本語、韓国語、ポルトガル語、スペイン語でカスタマーサポートを提供しています。
##### トレーサー・フリーラボ
Beta Analyticは薬物動態学関連の試料、生物医学関連の試料など人工的に放射性炭素(C14)がラベルされた試料は、クロス・コンタミネーションのリスクを避けるため一切お引き受けしていません。
### 貴方の製品は天然由来ですか 証明しましょう！
*信頼性があり、迅速で正確な天然由来証明試験には、常にBeta Analyticをお選びください。*[ご連絡先](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [Controle de qualidade de produtos naturais aprimorado com a análise por carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Produtos que são 100% provenientes da natureza (“produtos naturais”) são normalmente mais caros que seus similares sintéticos. Como consequência, algumas empresas tendem a colocar informações errôneas em seus rótulos, com alternativas a produtos naturais que são comumente derivadas do petróleo. Com a análise por carbono-14, fabricantes e fornecedores de matéria prima, distribuidores, consumidores e órgãos regulatórios poderão:
- Validar declarações de origem natural
- Identificar produtos de aromas e fragrâncias “naturais” adulterados
- Obter dados essenciais durante a fase de P&D do desenvolvimento do produto
Exemplos de produtos que o laboratório aceita para a análise por Carbono-14 são [cosméticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/cosmeticos.html "cosméticos"), [curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/curcumina-analise.html "curcumina"), [óleos essenciais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/oleos.html "óleos essenciais"), [aromas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/aromas.html "aromas") e [suplementos alimentícios e dietéticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/alimentos.html "suplementos alimentícios e dietéticos").
---
## A análise por carbono-14 complementa outros testes
Existem inúmeros métodos analíticos utilizados por departamentos de controle e garantia de qualidade para detectar adulterações. No entanto, apenas a análise de carbono-14 pode identificar a presença de adulterantes derivados de petroquímicos em um produto cuja proveniência é declarada 100% natural.
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/ "authenticity testing methods")
Produtos que são 100% biobaseados são 100% provenientes de plantas, animais ou materiais microbiológicos. A análise por carbono-14 mede a porcentagem exata de carbono em um material originário de biomassa.
O Beta Analytic reporta resultados para as análises da origem de produtos naturais de acordo com os padrões internacionais [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") e [ISO 16620-2](%09%0Ahttps://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2"), ambos os quais são baseados na análise por carbono-14.
**Para saber mais:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Mais artigos do Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Mais artigos do Beta Analytic")
#### Aproveite as vantagens da experiência do Beta Analytic!
##### Resultados de análises em apenas 7 dias úteis
O laboratório entrega resultados em 7 dias úteis ou menos, e oferece o serviço prioritário para resultados em até 4 dias úteis. Os resultados são acessíveis online 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, e incluem fotografias da amostra e relatórios de garantia de qualidade.
##### Pioneiros em análise de carbono biobaseado
O laboratório foi um dos principais desenvolvedores do primeiro padrão para a determinação do teor biobaseado de produtos com o método de radiocarbono (ASTM D6866). Foi consultor técnico para as mais importantes iniciativas de padronização de teor biobaseado do mundo, inclusive a norma ISO 16620-2.
##### Consultas técnicas de alto padrão
O Beta Analytic possui experiência incomparável com amostras biobaseadas complexas. O laboratório oferece suporte ao cliente em diversos idiomas: chinês, francês, alemão, italiano, japonês, coreano, português e espanhol.
##### Laboratório livre de marcadores
O Beta Analytic é um laboratório de radiocarbono de nível natural e não aceita amostras farmacêuticas que contenham níveis de marcadores de carbono-14, a fim de eliminar o risco de contaminação cruzada.
### O seu produto é natural? Então prove!
*Para análises de confiança, rápidas e precisas para produtos de origem natural, sempre escolha o Beta Analytic.* [FALE CONOSCO](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
---
### [碳-14分析可以控管天然來源產品品質](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products.html)
**Published:** December 6, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
100%天然來源的產品(“natural products”)通常比化學合成的貴上許多。因此，某些廠商傾向於以石油化學工業製造的替代品取代天然來源產品。 透過碳-14測試，製造商和原料供應商、經銷商、消費者和監管機構可以：
- 驗證天然來源
- 識別摻假或欺詐的「天然」香精及香料產品
- 有助研發天然產品
實驗室接受的碳14分析產品包括[化妝品](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/cosmetics.html "化妝品"), [薑黃素](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html "薑黃素")，香精油、香料以及食品和膳食補充劑。
---
## 碳-14分析補充其他測試的不足
品管和品保部門可使用數種檢測方法來檢測摻假。 然而，只有碳-14分析可以確認在聲稱100％天然來源的產品中是否存在石化衍生的合成摻雜物。
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/ "authenticity testing methods")
100％的生質產品其材料100％來源於植物，動物或微生物。碳-14分析量測生物質材料中碳的確切百分比。
Beta實驗室目前提供符合國際標準[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")和ISO 16620-2 的天然來源產品測試結果報告，這兩項標準均基於碳-14分析。
**延伸閱讀:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[更多BETA實驗室文章](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "更多BETA實驗室文章")
#### 善用Beta實驗室的專業知識！
##### 只需4-14個工作天即可交付報告
實驗室提供14個工作天的標準測試服務。也可以選擇更快速的測試服務 – 快速服務(7個工作天)及優先服務(4個工作天)。測試結果、 [品質保證報告](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) 和樣品照片可透過線上查詢系統取得，全年無休。
##### 生質碳測試的領先者
Beta實驗室是使用放射性碳方法（ASTM D6866）檢測產品的生質含量，並首次將其標準化的關鍵開發成員之一；Beta實驗室也在全球的主要生質標準化行動中擔任技術顧問，如ISO 16620-2。
##### 專業的諮詢服務
Beta實驗室擁有無與倫比且專業的複雜生質樣品測試能力。我們的客戶服務支援多種語言，含中文、法文、德文、義大利文、日文、韓文、葡萄牙文和西班牙文。
##### 無示踪劑實驗室
Beta實驗室為一天然層級的放射性碳實驗室，不接受含可追蹤碳14的藥物樣品，以免發生交叉污染。
### 您的產品是天然來源產品？ 驗證看看!
*Beta實驗室，值得信賴、正確且快速的天然產品來源測試服務。*[聯繫我們](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - 고형 재생 연료의 바이오매스 함량 측정](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** July 27, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 고형 재생 연료의 바이오매스 함량을 어떻게 측정하는 방법에 대한 특화된 국제 표준 방식
- EN 15440 을 대치합니다 (2021년 중단됨)
- SGS Beta는 7 영업일 이내에 고품격의 BS EN ISO 21644 실험 결과를 보여드립니다. [견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")
## SRF의 바이오매스 함량 측정
BS EN ISO 21644:2021 표준 방식에 의하면, SRF의 바이오매스 함량 은 다음 3가지 방법으로 측정합니다. 방사성탄소 분석, 선택적 해산법, 혹은 수동 분류법. 바이오매스 부분들의 결과는 탄소 함량, 질량, 에너지 함량 (총 혹은 순 칼로리 값)으로 표시됩니다.
SRF의 바이오매스 함량은 온실 가스 배출에서 에너지 생산의 영향력을 측정할 때 관련 있습니다.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee 300이 European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee 343이 같이 EN ISO 21644 표준 방식을 준비했습니다. 이 방식은 2020년 11월에 CEN이 승인해서 2021년 01월 발표됐습니다.
시료 준비 방법 포함한 더 자세한 내용은 표준 방식을 구매해서 알아보시기 바랍니다: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021: 고형 재생 연료 – 바이오매스 함량 측정 방식](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
참고 사항: SGS Beta는 방사성탄소 분석을 통한 BS EN ISO 21644 실험 서비스만 제공합니다.
## 고형 재생 연료란 무엇인가요?
고형 재생 연료란 비 위험 폐기물로 만든 다양한 연료 형태를 말합니다. 예. [도시 고형 폐기물](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), 건설 및 철거 폐기물, [하수도 슬러지](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), 등등 [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869) 에 따르면, SRF는 가장 높은 에너지 효율성 측면에서 에너지 목적으로 사용하기 위해 생산됩니다.
대부분 유럽 국가의 사용자들은 에너지 사용이 많은 시멘트, 석회 요로 또는 화력 발전소들과 같이 에너지 사용이 많은 시설입니다. 또 개발이 예상되는 또 다른 분야는 폐기물의 열화학 리사이클링입니다 [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## SGS Beta 연구소의 SRF 방사성탄소 서비스
ISO 17025-인증 기관인 SGS Beta 연구소는 BS EN ISO 21644에 따른 고품격 방사성탄소 실험을 2가지 형태의 서비스로 제공합니다:
- 일반 서비스 (7 영업일 이내 결과 보고)
- 특급 서비스 (4 영업일 이내 결과 보고)
시료는 최소 5 그램 (최대 20 그램) 보냅니다. 분석 방법에 따라 제출한 시료 중 적당한 량을 실험 시료로 선택합니다.
마이애미에 소재한 연구소는 비 위험 시료에 대해 전세계에 물류 센터를 운영합니다. 시료 발송 전, 각 지역의 선적 안내를 위해 연락 바랍니다. 모든 위험 시료는 De Minimis 배송 지침에 따라 미국 플로리다에 있는 본사 실험실로 직접 보내야 합니다.
##### 이 외의 토픽들 :
- [방사성탄소 분석 vs. 선택적 해산법](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html)
- [재생 연료: 폐기물이 에너지로.](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)
- [폐타이어 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html)
최신업데이트*: 202*6년3월
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - Medição do teor de biomassa de combustíveis sólidos recuperados (CSR)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Norma internacional que especifica os métodos de determinação do teor de biomassa de combustíveis sólidos recuperados
- Suplanta a norma EN 15440 (revogada em 2021)
- O SGS Beta apresenta resultados de alta qualidade segundo a norma BS EN ISO 21644 em 7 dias úteis ou menos. [Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
## Determinação de teor de biomassa de CSR
Conforme a EN ISO 21644:2021, o teor de biomassa de CSR é determinado por meio dos seguintes métodos: análise por carbono-14, dissolução seletiva, ou separação manual. Os resultados de fração de biomassa são expressos por teor de carbono, massa, ou valor energético (poder calorífico superior ou inferior).
O teor de biomassa do CSR é importante quando se avalia o impacto da produção de energia nos gases do efeito estufa.
A norma EN ISO 21644 foi preparada pelo Comitê Técnico 300 da Organização Internacional de Normalização (ISO) em colaboração com o Comitê Técnico 343 do Comitê Europeu de Normalização (CEN). A norma foi aprovada pelo CEN em novembro de 2020, e publicada em janeiro de 2021.
Para mais informações, inclusive sobre recomendações de preparo de amostras, adquira a norma: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021: Solid recovered fuels – Methods for the determination of biomass content](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Observação: O SGS Beta apenas oferece análises segundo a BS EN ISO 21644 pelo método de carbono-14.
## O que são combustíveis sólidos recuperados?
Combustíveis sólidos recuperados (CSR) são um grupo heterogêneo de combustíveis derivados de resíduos não perigosos, como [resíduos sólidos urbanos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/residuos-solidos-municipais.html), resíduos de construções e demolições, [lodo de esgoto](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), etc. Segundo a [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869), o CSR é produzido para ser empregado na geração de energia com a máxima eficiência possível.
Os principais usuários finais de CSR na maior parte dos países europeus são instalações de uso intensivo de energia, como fornos de cimento ou cal, ou usinas movidas a carvão. Outra área onde se prevê o desenvolvimento do uso de CSR é a reciclagem termoquímica de resíduos [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## A análise por carbono-14 do SGS Beta para CSR
O SGS Beta é acreditado pela ISO 17025 e oferece análises por carbono-14 de alta qualidade segundo a norma EN ISO 21644 por meio de dois serviços:
- Standard (resultados em até 7 dias úteis)
- Priority (resultados em até 4 dias úteis)
São necessários apenas 5 a 20 gramas por amostra de CSR. O laboratório subamostrará o material enviado para uma quantidade adequada ao método analítico.
O laboratório é sediado em Miami e possui escritórios de encaminhamento de amostras ao redor do mundo para o recebimento de amostras não-perigosas. Por favor entre em contato antes de enviar amostras para receber as instruções de envio aplicáveis à sua região. Amostras perigosas devem ser enviadas diretamente para a sede do laboratório em Miami, de acordo com as diretrizes da modalidade de envio De Minimis.
##### Assuntos de interesse:
- [A análise por carbono-14 comparada ao método de dissolução seletiva](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/creditos-carbono-sdm.html)
- [Combustíveis derivados de resíduos: de resíduos à energia](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html)
- [Combustíveis derivados de pneus](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-pneus.html)
*Última atualização: março* *de 202*6
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - Misurare la biomassa nei combustibili solidi secondari (CSS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** August 2, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Norma internazionale che specifica i metodi per la determinazione del contenuto di biomassa nei combustibili solidi secondari
- Sostituisce la norma EN 15440 (ritirato nel 2021)
- SGS Beta offre analisi di alta qualità conformi a BS EN ISO 21644 in soli 7 giorni lavorativi. [Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
## Determinazione della biomassa nei CSS
Secondo quanto previsto dalla norma EN ISO 21644:2021, il contenuto di biomassa dei CSS deve essere misurato tramite l’analisi del carbonio-14, il metodo della dissoluzione selettiva o la selezione manuale. I risultati sono espressi sotto forma di percentuale di carbonio biogenico, di massa o di potere calorifico lordo o netto.
Il contenuto di biomassa dei CSS è importante per la valutazione dell’impatto della produzione di energia sulle emissioni di gas serra.
La norma EN ISO 21644 è stata preparata dal Comitato Tecnico 300 dell’Organizzazione Internazionale per la Normazione (ISO) in collaborazione con il Comitato Tecnico 343 del Comitato Europeo di Normazione (CEN). Questa norma è stata approvata dal CEN a novembre 2020 e pubblicata a gennaio 2021.
Per maggiori dettagli, incluse le istruzioni per la preparazione dei campioni, è possibile acquistare lo standard al link seguente: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021: Solid recovered fuels – Methods for the determination of biomass content](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Nota: SGS Beta effettua test BS EN ISO 21644 solo tramite analisi del carbonio-14.
## Cosa sono i combustibili solidi secondari?
I combustibili solidi secondari (CSS) sono un gruppo eterogeneo di combustibili prodotti da rifiuti non pericolosi, ad esempio [rifiuti solidi urbani](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/rifiuti-solidi-urbani.html), rifiuti di costruzione e demolizione, [fanghi di depurazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), ecc. Secondo la norma [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869), i CSS vengono prodotti per essere utilizzati a fini energetici con la massima efficienza energetica possibile.
Nella maggior parte dei paesi europei, i principali utilizzatori finali di CSS sono strutture ad alta intensità energetica come i cementifici o le centrali elettriche a carbone. Un altro settore in cui è previsto un aumento dell’uso di CSS è il riciclaggio termochimico dei rifiuti [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## I servizi di SGS Beta per i CSS
SGS Beta è un laboratorio accreditato ISO 17025 che offre due servizi di analisi del carbonio-14 di alta qualità in conformità alla norma EN ISO 21644:
- Servizio Standard (risultati in 7 giorni lavorativi)
- Servizio Priority (risultati entro 4 giorni lavorativi)
È necessario inviare da un minimo di 5 a un massimo di 20 grammi per campione. Il laboratorio preleverà un sottocampione in quantità adatta al metodo analitico.
I campioni non pericolosi o infiammabili possono essere inviati a uno dei nostri uffici spedizioni locali. È importante contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni per ricevere istruzioni dettagliate sulla spedizione. Tutti i campioni pericolosi o infiammabili devono essere spediti in quantità minima direttamente al laboratorio di Miami, secondo le linee guida della spedizione De Minimis.
##### Argomenti correlati
- [Analisi al carbonio-14 e metodo di dissoluzione selettiva a confronto](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/mds-crediti-di-carbonio.html)
- [Combustibili derivati da rifiuti: dal rifiuto all’energia](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-rifiuti.html)
- [Combustibile derivato da pneumatici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-pneumatici.html)
*Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 202*6
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - Mesure de la teneur en biomasse des combustibles solides de récupération (CSR)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** July 27, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Norme internationale spécifiant les méthodes de détermination de la teneur en biomasse des combustibles solides de récupération
- Remplace la norme EN 15440 (retiré en 2021)
- SGS Beta fournit les résultats des analyses BS EN ISO 21644 de haute qualité en 7 jours ouvrés ou moins. [Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
## Détermination de la teneur en biomasse des CSR
Selon la norme EN ISO 21644:2021, la teneur en biomasse des CSR est déterminée par l’une de ces méthodes : analyse du carbone 14, méthode de dissolution sélective ou tri manuel. Les résultats de fraction de biomasse sont exprimés en teneur en carbone, en masse ou en teneur énergétique (pouvoir calorifique brut ou net).
La teneur en biomasse des CSR est pertinente pour évaluer l’impact de la production d’énergie sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre.
La norme EN ISO 21644 a été élaborée par le comité technique 300 de l’Organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO) en collaboration avec le comité technique 343 du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN). Cette norme a été approuvée par le CEN en novembre 2020 et publiée en janvier 2021.
Pour plus de détails, y compris des conseils concernant la préparation des échantillons, veuillez acheter la norme: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021 : Combustibles solides de récupération – Méthodes de détermination de la teneur en biomasse](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Remarque : SGS Beta fournit uniquement les analyses BS EN ISO 21644 par analyse du carbone 14.
## Que sont les combustibles solides de récupération ?
Les combustibles solides de récupération (CSR) sont un groupe hétérogène de combustibles produits à partir de déchets non dangereux tels que les[ déchets solides municipaux](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/dechets-solides-municipaux.html), les déchets de construction et de démolition, [les boues d’épuration](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), etc. Selon la norme [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869), les CSR sont produits pour être utilisés à des fins énergétiques avec l’efficacité énergétique la plus élevée possible.
Les principaux utilisateurs finaux attendus des CSR dans la plupart des pays européens sont les installations énergivores telles que les fours à ciment et à chaux ou les centrales électriques à charbon. Un autre domaine dans lequel le développement de l’utilisation des CSR est prévu est le recyclage thermochimique des déchets [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## Services d’analyse du carbone 14 de SGS Beta pour CSR
SGS Beta, accrédité ISO 17025, propose deux services pour les analyses carbone 14 de haute qualité conformément à la norme EN ISO 21644 :
- Standard (résultats communiqués sous 7 jours ouvrés)
- Prioritaire (résultats communiqués sous 4 jours ouvrés)
Pour les CSR, veuillez envoyer au moins 5 grammes (20 grammes maximum) par échantillon. Nous sous-échantillonnerons les échantillons envoyés dans une quantité raisonnable pour la méthode analytique.
Le laboratoire de Miami dispose de plusieurs bureaux dans le monde pour l’envoi d’échantillons non dangereux. Veuillez nous contacter avant d’envoyer des échantillons pour recevoir les instructions d’envoi qui s’appliquent à votre région. Tous les échantillons dangereux doivent être envoyés directement au siège du laboratoire en Floride, conformément aux directives d’expédition De Minimis.
##### Ces sujets pourraient également vous intéresser :
- [Analyse Carbone 14 vs. Méthode de dissolution sélective](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/credits-carbone-mds.html)
- [Combustibles dérivés de déchets : des déchets à l’énergie](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-dechets.html)
- [Combustibles dérivés de pneus](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-pneus.html)
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: mars 202*6
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - Medir el contenido de biomasa en combustibles sólidos recuperados (CSR)](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** July 28, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Estándar internacional que especifica métodos para determinar el contenido de biomasa en combustibles sólidos recuperados
- Reemplaza a EN 15440 (revocada en 2021)
- SGS Beta proporciona resultados de calidad para el análisis BS EN ISO 21644 en 7 días hábiles o menos. [Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
## Determinación del contenido de biomasa en CSR
El estándar EN ISO 21644:2021 indica que el contenido de biomasa en CSR debe determinarse por uno de los siguientes métodos: análisis de carbono-14, disolución selectiva o selección manual. En el resultado, la fracción de biomasa debe expresarse en contenido de carbono, masa o contenido energético (en bruto o el valor calorífico neto).
El contenido de biomasa en los CSR es relevante para evaluar el impacto de la producción energética o las emisiones de dióxido de carbono.
El estándar EN ISO 21644 fue elaborado por el comité técnico 300 de la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) en colaboración con el comité técnico 343 del Comité Europeo de Normalización (CEN). El CEN aprobó este estándar en noviembre de 2020 y fue publicado en enero de 2021.
Para conocer más detalles, incluyendo las recomendaciones de preparación de muestras, por favor adquiera el estándar: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021: Combustibles sólidos recuperados – Métodos para la determinación del contenido de biomasa](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Aclaración: SGS Beta solamente proporciona resultados para BS EN ISO 21644 mediante el análisis por carbono-14.
## ¿Qué son los combustibles sólidos recuperados?
Los combustibles sólidos recuperados (CSR) son un grupo de combustibles heterogéneo compueso de residuos no peligrosos, como por ejemplo [residuos sólidos municipales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/residuos-solidos-municipales.html), residuos de construccion y demolición, [lodos de depuradora](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), etc. De acuerdo a la norma [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869) los CSR se producen para utilizarse con el objetivo de alcanzar la mayor eficacia energética posible.
Los principales destinatarios de CSR en la mayoría de países Europeos son las industrias energéticas de alto rendimiento como hornos cementeros y de cal, o centrales de carbón. Otra área en el que se espera el desarrollo del uso de los CSR es el reciclado de residuos termoquímicos [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## Análisis de carbono-14 de SGS Beta para CSR
SGS Beta, laboratorio acreditado con ISO 17025, ofrece dos servicios de calidad para análisis de carbono-14 en concordancia con EN ISO 21644:
- Estándar (resultados en 7 días hábiles)
- Prioritario (resultados en 4 días hábiles o menos)
Para CSR envíe al menos 5 g (hasta un máximo de 20 g) por muestra. Tomaremos una sub-muestra del material que nos remita en una cantidad razonable para el análisis.
El laboratorio, con sede en Miami (USA) tiene varias oficinas de recepción de muestras no peligrosas en distintas ciudades del mundo. Por favor, contacte con nosotros antes de enviar muestras para que podamos proporcionarle las instrucciones de envío para su región. Todas las muestras peligrosas para su transporte deben enviarse directamente a la sede del laboratorio en Florida siguiendo las instrucciones de envíos De Minimis.
##### Quizás le interese también:
- [Analisis de carbono-14 y método de disolución selectiva](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/creditos-carbono-sdm.html)
- [Combustibles derivados de residuos: transformando el desperdicio en energía](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html)
- [Combustibles derivados de neumáticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-neumaticos.html)
*Última actualización de la página: Marzo de 202*6
---
### [BS EN ISO 21644 - Messung des Biomassegehalts von festen Sekundärbrennstoffen (SRF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** August 2, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Internationaler Standard, der Methoden zur Bestimmung des Biomassegehalts von festen Sekundärbrennstoffen festlegt
- Er ersetzt EN 15440 (zurückgezogen 2021)
- SGS Beta liefert qualitativ hochwertige BS EN ISO 21644 Testergebnisse innerhalb von 7 Werktagen oder weniger. [Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
## Bestimmung des Biomassegehalts von SRF
Gemäß der Norm EN ISO 21644:2021 wird der Biomassegehalt von SRF mittels einer der folgenden Methoden bestimmt – Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse, selektive Auflösungsmethode oder manuelle Sortierung. Die Ergebnisse der Biomasseanteile werden durch Kohlenstoffgehalt, Masse oder Energiegehalt (Brutto- oder Nettoheizwert) ausgedrückt.
Der Biomassegehalt von SRF ist relevant für die Bewertung von Energieerzeugung, die sich auf die Treibhausgasemissionen auswirkt.
Die Norm EN ISO 21644 wurde vom Technischen Komitee 300 der Internationalen Organisation für Normung (ISO) in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Technischen Komitee 343 des Europäischen Komitees für Normung (CEN) erarbeitet. Diese Norm wurde im November 2020 vom CEN genehmigt und im Januar 2021 veröffentlicht.
Für weitere Details, einschließlich Empfehlungen zur Probenvorbereitung, erwerben Sie bitte den Standard: [BS EN ISO 21644:2021: Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe – Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Biomassegehalts](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Hinweis: SGS Beta bietet nur Prüfungen gemäß BS EN ISO 21644 mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse an.
## Was sind feste Sekundärbrennstoffe?
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe (SRF) sind eine heterogene Gruppe von Brennstoffen, die aus ungefährlichen Abfällen bestehen, z.B. [Siedlungsabfälle](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/hausmuell.html), Bau- und Abbruchabfälle, [Klärschlamm](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html) etc. Gemäß [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869) werden SRFs für die energetische Nutzung mit höchstmöglicher Energieeffizienz hergestellt.
Die wichtigsten Endverbraucher von SRF sind in den meisten europäischen Ländern energieintensive Anlagen wie Zement- und Kalköfen oder Kohlekraftwerke. Ein weiterer Bereich, in dem die Entwicklung des Einsatzes von SRF vorgesehen ist, ist das thermochemische Recycling von Abfällen [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## SGS Betas Kohlenstoff-14 Dienstleistungen für SRF
Das gemäß ISO 17025 akkreditierte SGS Beta Labor bietet zwei Dienstleistungen für hochwertige Kohlenstoff-14-Prüfungen gemäß EN ISO 21644 an:
- Standard (Ergebnisse werden in 7 Werktagen bereitgestellt)
- Priority (Ergebnisse in 4 Werktagen oder weniger berichtet)
Für SRF senden Sie bitte mindestens 5 Gramm (maximal 20 Gramm) je Probe. Wir werden eine Teilprobe aus dem eingereichten Material in einer für die Analysemethode angemessenen Menge entnehmen.
Das Labor mit Sitz in Miami verfügt über mehrere Büros auf der ganzen Welt für die Einsendung von ungefährlichen Proben. Bitte kontaktieren Sie uns, bevor Sie Proben einsenden, um die für Ihre Region geltenden Versandanweisungen zu erhalten. Alle gefährlichen Proben sollten gemäß den De-Minimis-Versandrichtlinien direkt an den Hauptsitz unseres Labors in Florida gesendet werden.
##### Diese Themen könnten Sie ebenfalls interessieren:
- [Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse vs. selektive Auflösungsmethode](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/kohlenstoff-kredit-sdm.html)
- [Ersatzbrennstoffe: Vom Abfall zur Energie](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html)
- [Brennstoffe aus Reifen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altreifen.html)
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: März 2026
---
### [生質產品認證](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** May 5, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
目前風行全球的許多第三方認證生態標章計劃以及生質產品，規定或建議使用 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")、[ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2")或[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16440")進行產品測試。
**注意：SGS BETA實驗室不隸屬於下列任一組織。**
| 比利時 | Vinçotte OK Biobased（目前隸屬於TÜV AUSTRIA） | + |
|---|---|---|
| Vinçotte，位於比利時的檢驗和認證機構，於2009年9月推出OK biobased計劃，提供產品可再生性(renewability)的獨立評估。OK biobased現在已納入TÜV AUSTRIA，該認證持續使用星星系統來標示產品的生質含量。一顆星表示生質產品的生質含量在20％至40％之間，而四顆星則表示認證產品的生質含量高於80％。 適用於EN 16640測試的產品 — 部分由生質塑料和/或天然材料製成的產品（燃料除外）。 背景: [OK Biobased生質標章概述](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html "OK Biobased生質標章概述") 網址: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "OK Biobased網站") |
| 巴西 | Braskem公司的I’m Green 標章 | + |
| Braskem是巴西的一家石化公司，其自創綠色標章來認證產品，產品中須包含Braskem 公司的綠色塑膠成分。此標章僅開放巴西境內企業申請。 Braskem I’m Green 概述： [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I’m Green 概述") |
| 歐盟 | 生質含量認證計畫 | + |
| 為促進產品生質含量的透明化和可信度，荷蘭標準化協會（NEN）於2016年推出了生質含量認證計畫。在歐洲標準EN 16785-1:15的基礎上，要求使用碳14測試和元素分析來測試產品中生質含量。此這個標準中，產品的碳14含量測試需依據EN 16640標準進行。 EN 16640適用範圍：生質原料、化學品和中間體、半成品和成品。 資料來源:[ https://biobasedcontent.eu](https://biobasedcontent.eu) |
| | 歐盟生態標籤 | + |
| 歐盟生態標籤是由歐盟委員會發起的一項自願標籤計畫，旨在促進經濟循環，鼓勵生產商在生產過程中減少廢棄物和二氧化碳的排放。許多公司把歐盟的生態標籤當做最佳的環保實踐指南。歐盟生態標籤計畫適用於整個歐盟、挪威、冰島和列支敦士登。 生質含量檢測產品：生質潤滑劑 根據歐盟潤滑劑的生態標籤標準，如果使用“生質”或“生質潤滑劑”等詞語，最終產品的生質碳含量至少應達到25%。透過送交符合EN 16807、 ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 或 EN 16785-1 等標準的測試報告來證明其合格性。潤滑劑標準有效期至2028年12月31日。 資料來源: [委員會決議（歐盟）2018/1702制定歐盟潤滑劑生態標籤標準](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "委員會決議（歐盟）2018/1702制定歐盟潤滑劑生態標籤標準") 歐盟生態標籤網站: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "歐盟生態標籤網站") |
| 德國 | DIN CERTCO組織的DIN-Geprüft生質認證 | + |
| DIN CERTCO是萊茵集團旗下的認證組織，DIN是德國標準化研究所。根據生質碳含量，其DIN-Gepruft生質認證有三個質量等級：(a)生質 20 – 50%、(b)生質50 – 85%、(c)生質 > 85%。 適用ASTM D6866測試的產品：除醫療、有害產品和含化石成分的燃料外，認證產品需含至少50%的有機物和至少20% 的生質。生質認證適用全部或部分由生質製成的產品。 DIN-Gepruft生質認證背景： [為了增加永續性](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/din-certco.html "為了增加永續性")的DIN-Gepruft生質認證 DIN CERTCO網站：[https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| 日本 | 生物塑膠協會 BiomassPla認證 | + |
| 日本生物塑膠協會於2006年7月成立，它的BiomassPla認證和標章系統認證以生質為基礎的塑膠製品。根據此項目，註冊產品可擁有易被消費者識別的標誌。 BiomassPla標章計劃只適用日本生物塑膠協會（JBPA）成員。 需ASTM D6866測試的產品: 生質塑膠積極性列表([BMP Positive List](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "BMP Positive List"))的材料 \[A類 – 生質塑膠; C類 – 半成品(中間體); E類 – 熱固性生質塑膠原料; F類 – E類的半成品(中間體)\] BiomassPla背景： [日本生物塑膠協會針對生質塑膠的BiomassPla認證](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "日本生物塑膠協會針對生質塑膠的BiomassPla認證") JBPA網站： [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA網站") |
| | 日本環境協會生態標誌計畫 | + |
| 日本生態標誌(Eco Mark)是一個認證產品符合整個生態循環的環境標籤計畫，旨在提高消費者的環保意識，鼓勵企業努力改善環境。 產品需通過ASTM D6866／ISO 16620測試：必須是含有植物成分的產品，如服裝、家用紡織品、工業紡織品、辦公用品、家用商品、傢俱、可重複使用的容器和鞋具。 背景: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") 日本環境協會(JEA)網站: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| 韓國 | 韓國生物材料包裝協會生質標籤（BP標籤) | + |
| 2011年，韓國生物材料包裝協會（KBMP）推出了一項認證計畫，該計畫適用於生物質含量至少為25%的生質樹脂及其衍生物。BP標籤有效期為兩年。 ASTM D6866適用範圍：生質樹脂（母粒）、成品和生質樹脂製成的包裝。 資料來源: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| 臺灣 | 臺灣生質產品「Green Mark」環保標章 | + |
| 臺灣環保署的「Green Mark」為一環保標章標準，主要是針對「生質塑膠製品」：源自生質的塑膠產品。可生物降解產品不適用於此標章。 此標章計劃適用於經ASTM D6866標準測試、生質含量達25%的塑膠產品，此一標準可用來測試、確認塑膠製品中，源於生質與石化衍生物的含量百分比。 詳細內容及申請方式，請參考「[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")」網站。 |
| 北美 | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| 美國農業部[生物優先計劃](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "生物優先計劃")(U.S. Department of Agriculture’s BioPreferred Program)是依據2002年《農村安全和農村投資法案》(Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002)創立的，並由2018年《農業改善法案》(Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018)擴展，旨在增加美國生質產品的購買和使用，刺激經濟發展，為農產品提供新市場，並減少對石油產品的依賴。該計劃為聯邦機構提供工具、培訓和生物優先產品目錄(BioPreferred Catalog)，以幫助他們滿足對生質產品的採購需求。該計劃還幫助消費者能輕鬆辨識商業化的生質產品。 根據美國農業部生物優先計劃(USDA BioPreferred Program)，申請成功者可以在其商品、包裝和行銷材料上貼上**USDA Certified Biobased Label**。 適用ASTM D6866測試的產品 — 截至2022年6月，美國農業部生物優先計劃指定的[產品類別有139種](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "產品類別有139種")。作為制定聯邦採購優先購買的產品類別，每類產品都有相應的最低生質含量要求。不屬於目錄裡任何類別的產品，如果其生質含量≥25%，仍然是合格的。 資料來源: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL環境 | + |
| **UL 9798 生質產品認證** UL 9798生質含量認證是UL環境可持續發展系列解決方案的重要組成之一。適用於評估和驗證原物料（包括液體，固體）、半成品和成品中的生質含量。獲得認證的產品可以獲得UL徽章並會列入UL綠色產品資料庫列表。UL9798推薦使用ASTM D6866生質含量測試標準。 認證項目 — 建築材料、化學藥品、清潔劑/紙張、電子產品、傢俱/傢飾、塑膠製品、玩具 概述: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **EcoLogo CCD-170 (UL 2783)** 1988年加拿大政府創立的EcoLogo計畫是北美最大的生態標籤系統之一。該計畫認證了廣泛的商業產品。EcoLogo於2010年被UL環境收購。 需通過ASTM D6866測試的產品 — 即時洗手液 根據EcoLogo的標準CCD-170，即時手消毒產品必須至少含有73%的生質含量，不包括包裝，或證明符合美國農業部生物優先計畫。 |
| | GreenCircle生質含量認證 | + |
| Greencircle Certified, LLC透過適當的標準並提供獨立的第三方環保聲明認證，幫助公司建立品牌誠信。對於生質產品認證，Greencircle需評估其產品、原料和生產運營過程，以驗證及認證可再生/生質含量的聲明。 ASTM D6866測試需求：所有生質產品 GreenCircle認證網址： [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | 永續生物材料圓桌會議（RSB） | + |
| RSB為永續生物材料、生質燃料和生質產品提供同行評審、全球認證的標準。 在針對生質和先進產品的RSB標準（RSB-STD-02-001）中，描述了對於生質與先進產品供應鏈營運者的永續性要求。根據該標準，經認證的生質產品及生質中間體必須含有至少25％的生質碳，適用於EN 16640、ASTM D6866、CEN / TS 16137：2011或ISO 16620-1： 2015等標準分析方法。此標準於2018年12月10日起生效。 資料來源: RSB-STD-02-001，[RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | 美國綠色建築委員會能源環境設計指導（LEED) | + |
| 能源環境設計指導（LEED）是應用最廣泛的第三方綠色建築認證，可適用於所有建築。建築項目可以申請LEED認證，並獲得LEED認證，認證等級有四：通過、白銀、黃金或白金。 符合永續農業互聯網中，永續農業標準的建築材料，可透過ASTM D6866驗證生質含量，其有助於取得或提升LEED認證等級。無最低生質含量要求。 適用ASTM D6866測試的產品：建築材料 LEED v4 背景資料： <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> |
*最後更新2025年4月*
---
### [바이오기반 제품 인증](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") or [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640") 실험을 필요로 하거나, 권장하는 여러 친환경 라벨 프로그램과 바이오기반 제품 권장 제도가 전세계적으로 다양하게 있습니다.
**참고: SGS Beta 연구소는 아래 적혀있는 어떤 프로그램과도 연관이 없는 독립된 연구소입니다.**
| 벨기에 | Vinçotte OK Biobased (현재는 TÜV AUSTRIA) | + |
|---|---|---|
| 벨기에의 검사 및 승인 업체인 Vinçotte은 2009년 9월에 OK 바이오베이스 프로그램을 시작하여 기업에 제품의 재생성에 관한 독립적 평가 서비스를 제공하고 있습니다. 최근 TUV AUSTRIA와 합병하였으며, 제품의 바이오베이스 함량을 표시해주는 스타 시스템을 기존처럼 유지하고 있습니다. 별 1개짜리 제품은 바이오베이스 함량이 20%-40%이며, 별 4개짜리 제품은 80% 이상의 바이오베이스 함량을 가지고 있는 것을 의미합니다. EN 16640 실험 대상 제품군 — 바이오 플라스틱 과/혹은 연료를 제외한 천연 물질을 부분적으로 사용해 만든 모든 제품들. OK Biobased 의 기초자료: [OK Biobased Summary](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/ok-biobased.html "OK Biobased Summary") 출처: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "OK Biobased Web site") |
| 브라질 | Braskem I’m Green™ Seal | + |
| 브라질의 석유 화학 회사인 Braskem은 자체적으로 친환경 녹색 플라스틱이 함유되어 있다는 것을 보여주기 위해 I’m Green seal 을 만들었으며, 독자적인 인증 제도입니다. Braskem I’m Green에 관한 자료: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| 유럽 연합 | Bio-based Content Certification Scheme (바이오기반 함량 인증 프로그램) | + |
| 네덜란드 표준 협회 (Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN))는 제품의 바이오 기반 함량에 관한 투명하고 믿을 수 있는 통로를 촉진하기 위해 2016년 Bio-based Content Certification Scheme 을 실시했다. 이 프로그램은 유럽 표준인 EN 16785-1:2015을 기반으로 하는데, 방사성탄소 (C14) 측정 및 분석을 이용하여 제품의 바이오 기반 함량을 측정하는 요구사항들을 상세히 알려준다. 이 표준 방법으로 제품 내 방사성탄소 함량을 EN 16640에 따라 측정한다. EN 16640 실험 제품군 — 바이오기반 원자재, 화학물, 중간재, 반제품, 완제품. 출처: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | EU Ecolabel | + |
| EU Ecolabel은 순환 경제의 촉진과 제품 생산 과정 중, 생산업자들이 쓰레기와 이산화탄소 배출을 가능하면 적게하도록 유럽 의회가 만든 자발적 프로그램입니다. 대부분의 기업들은 친환경 실천의 가이드라인으로 EU Ecolabel을 사용하고 있습니다. 이 프로그램은 유럽 연합, 노르웨이, 아이슬란드, 리히텐슈 태인에서 적용됩니다. 바이오기반 함량 실험 적용 제품들 — 바이오기반 윤활유 윤활유에 관한 EU Ecolabel 목록에 따르면, 만약 “bio-based” 혹은 “bio-lubricant”란 용어를 사용하려면, 최종 제품에 반드시 바이오기반 탄소 함량이 최소 25% 포함해야 합니다. 준수 조항에 따르면, 실험 표준방식인 EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640, EN 16785-1 에 따라 실험 보고서를 제출해야 합니다. 윤활유 목록은 2028년 12월 31일까지 유지됩니다. 기초자료: [Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants") 출처: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "EU Ecolabel 웹사이") |
| 독일 | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| 독일의 DIN CERTCO는 TÜV Rheinland Group 와 독일의 표준 기관인 DIN의 인증 기관입니다. DIN-Geprüft Biobased certification scheme은 바이오 매스 함량에 따라 세 그룹으로 나뉩니다.: (a) Biobased 20-50%, (b) Biobased 50-85%, and (c) Biobased >85%. ASTM D6866 실험 대상 제품들 — 50% 이상의 유기 탄소를 가지고 있고 20% 이상의 바이오 매스 함량을 가진 모든 제품들은 인증을 받을 수 있습니다. 단 의약품과 위험 물질이 들어있는 제품들, 화석 연료 성분을 가진 연료들은 예외로 인증을 받을 수 없습니다. 이 인증 제도는 바이오 매스 원자재의 일부 또는 전부로 만든 모든 제품들에 적용됩니다. DIN-Geprüft Biobased 기초자료: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/din-certco.html "about DIN-Geprüft Biobased") 출처: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| 일본 | Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla | + |
| 2006년 7월에 시작된 일본 바이오 플라스틱 협회의 BiomassPla 인증과 라벨 시스템은 바이오 매스 플라스틱 제품에 대해 인증합니다. 이 프로그램에 등록된 제품은 자체 라벨을 붙여 소비자가 쉽게 알아볼 수 있게 합니다. BiomassPla 라벨 프로그램은 일본 바이오 플라스틱 협회 회원에게만 적용됩니다. ASTM D6866 실험 대상 제품들 — BiomassPla [BMP Positive List](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "BMP Positive List") 에 기재된 물질들 \[Class A – 바이오매스 기반 플라스틱; Class C – 반제품; Class E – 바이오매스 유래 온도 세팅 플라스틱 원료; Class F – Class E의 반제품\] BiomassPla 기초자료: [Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification for Biomass-based Plastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification for Biomass-based Plastics") 출처: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA Web site") |
| | 일본 환경 협회의 에코 마크 프로그램 | + |
| 에코 마크는 제품의 전생애를 고려한 친환경 라벨링 프로그램입니다. 이 프로그램의 목표는 소비자의 환경 인식과 제조업자의 환경 개선 노력을 향상시키는 것입니다. ASTM D6866/ISO 16620 실험 — 식물 기반 성분을 반드시 가져야 하는 제품군들. 예를 들자면, 의류, 가정용 원단, 공업용 원단, 문구류, 가정용 소비재, 가구, 신발 류, 리필 용기들. 기초자료: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") 출처: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| 한국 | 한국 바이오소재 패키징 협회의 바이오베이스드 라벨 (BP Label) | + |
| 한국 바이오소재 패키징 협회 (KBMP)는 2011년 바이오기반 소재 및 관련 제품의 최소 25% 바이오매스 함량에 대해 인증 프로그램을 시작했다. BP label의 유효기간은 2년이다. 해당 제품군 — 바이오기반 소재 (펠렛), 바이오기반 소재로 만든 완제품 및 포장재. 출처: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| 타이완 | 플라스틱 제품에 대한 타이완의 “Green Mark” | + |
| 타이완 환경 보호부의 “Green Mark” 는 바이오매스로 만든 플라스틱 제품 – “바이오기반 플라스틱 제품”에 대한 환경 라벨 기준입니다. 생분해성 제품은 이 계획에서 예외입니다. 이 라벨 프로그램은 ASTM D6866 으로 측정한 바이오기반 탄소 함량이 최소 25%되는 플라스틱 제품에 적용됩니다. 이 측정 방식은 바이오매스 대비 화석 유래 플라스틱 제품의 탄소 퍼센트를 보여주는데 사용되는 기준 방법입니다. 라벨 신청 방법에 대한 더 자세한 내용은 다음 “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")” 웹사이트에서 보실 수 있습니다.미국 |
| 북미 | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| 2002년 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 법안 생기고, 2018년 Agriculture Improvement Act 법안으로 확장되면서 미국 농무성의 [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "BioPreferred Program") 은 바이오 기반 제품의 구매 및 사용 증진, 경제 개발 박차, 농장 물품들의 새 시장 제공, 석유 제품 의존성 감소를 목표로 합니다. 프로그램은 연방 정부 조직들에 바이오 기반 제품 구매 요구 사항에 관한 도움을 주기 위해 방법, 교육, BioPreferred 카타로그를 제공하고 있습니다. 또한 소비자들에게 상업적으로 가능한 바이오 기반 제품들을 쉽게 판별할 수 있게 도움을 줍니다. USDA BioPreferred 프로그램에 따라, 성공한 신청자들은 제품, 포장지, 또는 마케팅 자료에 **USDA Certified Biobased Label** 을 부착해 사용할 수 있습니다. ASTM D6866 실험을 위한 제품 군 — 2022년 6월 현재, [139 제품 카타고리](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 product categories") 가 있습니다. 연방 구매 우선권을 위해 만들어진 카타고리의 과정의 일환으로 각자 최소한의 바이오 기반 함량을 가지고 있습니다. 특정 카타고리에 속하지 않은 제품은 최소 25% 바이오 기반이면 가능합니다. Source: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **UL 9798 바이오 기반 제품 함량 검증** UL 9798 바이오 기반 함량 검증은 여러 UL의 환경 및 지속 가능 해결책 중 하나이다. 고체 및 액체 단일 제품, 반제품, 완제품 모두 해당된다. 인증 제품은 마케팅 목적으로 UL 뱃지를 사용할 수 있으며, UL의 그린 제품 데이터 베이스에 기재되며, 이 프로그램은 ASTM D6866 실험을 강력 권장한다. ASTM D6866 실험 제품군 — 건축자재, 화학물질, 세제/종이류, 전자제품, 가구 및 소재, 플라스틱 제품, 장난감 업데이트: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **EcoLogo CCD-170 (현재 UL 2783)** 1988년 캐나다 정부가 만든 EcoLogo 프로그램은 북미 지역 최대의 친환경 라벨 시스템 중 하나이다. 다양한 제품에 인증을 주는데, 2010년 현재 UL Environment 에서 인증 받을 수 있다. ASTM D6866 실험 제품군 — 손 소독제 EcoLogo의 표준인 CCD-170에 따르면, 손 소독제는 포장 제외하고 바이오기반 물질이 최소 73% 이상이어야만 하며, USDA BioPreferred 프로그램과 동일하다. |
| | GreenCircle 인증 – 바이오기반 함량 | + |
| GreenCircle 인증 프로그램은 적절한 표준 실험으로 친환경 관련 독립적 제3의 인증을 통해 기업들의 브랜드 이미지 확립에 기여하고 있다. 바이오기반 함량 인증을 통해, GreenCircle은 재생/바이오기반 함량을 증명하고 인증하기위해, 제품, 원자재, 제조공정을 조사 평가하고 있다. ASTM D6866 실험 제품들 — 모든 바이오기반 제품들 해당 출처: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) | + |
| RSB 은 지속 가능한 바이오 물질, 바이오 연료, 바이오매스 제품에 대한 전지구적 인증 기준을 제공합니다. The RSB Standard for Bio-based and Advanced Products (RSB-STD-02-001) 은 바이오 기반 제품의 공급망에 관여하는 모든 운영업자들에게 지속가능성의 필요성을 설명합니다. 이 기준에 따라 , 바이오 기반 제품들과 바이오 기반 중간 물질들의 인증을 위해서는 다음에 제시하는 측정 표준 방식에 따라 바이오 기반 탄소 함량 25%이상을 함유해야만 합니다. EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 or ISO 16620-1:2015. 이 기준은 2018년 12월 10일 발효됩니다. 출처: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) | + |
| Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)은 친환경 그린 빌딩에 대해 가장 널리 쓰이는 제3자 증명 수단이다. LEED은 모든 빌딩에 적용될 수도 있다. LEED 인증은 다음 4가지 등급 중 하나를 취한다. – 인증. 실버, 골드, 플라티늄 ASTM D6866 실험은 LEED 등급을 정하는데 기여하는 Sustainable Agriculture Network의 Sustainable Agriculture Standard가 요구하는 건축 자재의 바이오 기반 함량을 증명하는데 쓰인다. 바이오 기반 함량 최소 요구량은 없다. ASTM D6866 실험 대상 제품들 — 건축 자재들 LEED v4 자료: <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> |
*2025년 4월 업데이트*
---
### [Certificação de produtos de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/rotulos-ecologicos-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Em todo o mundo, há diversos programas independentes de certificação para rotulagem ecológica e iniciativas para produtos de base biológica que exigem ou recomendam a análise de produtos segundo as normas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") ou [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "EN 16440").
**OBSERVAÇÃO: O SGS Beta não é afiliado a nenhum dos programas listados abaixo.**
| Bélgica | Vinçotte OK Biobased (agora pertencente ao TÜV AUSTRIA) | + |
|---|---|---|
| O Vinçotte, órgão de inspeção e certificação da Bélgica, lançou seu programa OK Biobased em setembro de 2009 para oferecer avaliações independentes do grau de renovabilidade de produtos. Hoje integrado ao grupo TÜV AUSTRIA, o esquema de certificação OK Biobased continua a utilizar um sistema de estrelas para indicar o teor de carbono de base biológica em um produto. Um produto de base biológica com uma estrela contém entre 20% e 40% carbono de base biológica, enquanto um produto com quatro estrelas contém um teor de carbono de base biológica maior que 80%. Produtos para análise segundo a norma EN 16640 — Quaisquer produtos que sejam parcialmente feitos de bioplásticos e/ou materiais de origem natural, exceto combustíveis. Dados gerais sobre a logomarca “OK Biobased”: [Resumo do Programa OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/ok-biobased.html "Resumo do Programa OK de Base Biológica") Fonte: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "Página do Programa OK de Base Biológica na Internet") |
| Brasil | Selo Braskem I’m Green™ | + |
| Braskem, uma empresa de petroquímicos do Brasil, criou o selo I’m Green para identificar produtos que contêm o plástico verde da Braskem em sua composição. O selo é exclusivo para os clientes da Braskem. Para saber mais sobre o selo Braskem I’m Green: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| União Europeia | Programa de certificação de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica | + |
| Para promover comunicações transparentes e verossímeis a respeito do teor de carbono de base biológica de um produto, o Instituto de Padronização dos Países Baixos (NEN) lançou o Programa de certificação de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica em 2016. O programa tem como base o Padrão Europeu EN 16785-1:2015, que descreve os requerimentos para a determinação do conteúdo de carbono de base biológica de qualquer produto com medições de Carbono-14 e análises elementares. Segundo esse padrão, o teor de Carbono-14 de um produto é determinado de acordo com o EN 16640. Produtos para análise segundo o EN 16640 — Materiais brutos, químicos e intermediários de base biológica, e produtos semi-acabados ou acabados de base biológica. Fonte: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | EU Ecolabel | + |
| O EU Ecolabel é um esquema voluntário criado pela Comissão Europeia para promover uma economia circular e incentivar produtores a gerar menos resíduos e emissões de dióxido de carbono durante o processo de fabricação. Muitas empresas usam os critérios do EU Ecolabel para orientar melhores práticas ecologicamente corretas. O esquema EU Ecolabel é válido por toda a União Europeia, Noruega, Islândia e Liechtenstein. Produtos para a análise de carbono de base biológica — lubrificantes de base biológica Segundo os critérios do EU Ecolabel para lubrificantes, se os termos “de base biológica” ou “biolubrificante” forem empregados, o produto final deverá ter um teor mínimo de carbono de base biológica de 25%. O cumprimento é comprovado com a submissão do relatório da análise de acordo com os padrões analíticos EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1. Os critérios para lubrificantes é vigente até 31 de dezembro de 2028. Antecedentes: [Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants") Fonte: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "Página do EU Ecolabel") |
| Alemanha | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| A DIN CERTCO é uma organização de certificações do Grupo TÜV Rheinland e DIN, o Instituto Alemão de Normalização. Seu esquema de certificação DIN-Geprüft Biobased apresenta três divisões de qualidade baseadas no teor de base biológica: (a) 20-50% base biológica; (b) 50-85% base biológica; e (c) >85% base biológica. Produtos para a análise ASTM D6866 — Todos os produtos que são pelo menos 50% orgânicos e pelo menos 20% de base biológica podem receber a certificação, exceto produtos médicos e perigosos, e combustíveis com componentes fósseis. O esquema de certificação se aplica a produtos que são integral ou parcialmente produzidos a partir de matérias-primas de base biológica. Para saber mais sobre o DIN-Geprüft Biobased: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/din-certco.html "DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased Certification Scheme") Fonte: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| Japão | Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla | + |
| Lançados em julho de 2006, a certificação “BiomassPla” e o sistema de rotulagem da Associação Japonesa de Bioplásticos certificam produtos plásticos de biomassa. Como parte deste programa, os produtos registrados levam uma logomarca de fácil identificação por parte dos consumidores. O programa “BiomassPla” somente se aplica aos membros da AJBP (ou “JBPA”, em inglês). Produtos para a análise segundo o ASTM D6866 — Materiais listados na [Lista BMP Positive](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "Lista BMP Positive") da BiomassPla \[Classe A – plásticos baseados em biomassa; Classe C – produtos semi-acabados; Classe E – materiais brutos termofixos derivados de biomassa; Classe F – produtos semi-acabados da Classe E\] Informações gerais sobre o “BiomassPla”: [Certificação “BiomassPla” da Associação Japonesa de Bioplásticos para Plásticos de Biomass](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Certificação BiomassPla da Associação Japonesa de Bioplásticos para Plásticos de Biomass") Fonte: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA Web site") |
| | Programa Eco Mark da Japan Environment Association | + |
| O Eco Mark é um programa com selo ambiental que considera o ciclo de vida completo de um produto. Seu objetivo é promover a conscientização ambiental do consumidor e incentivar esforços corporativos para a melhoria do meio ambiente. Produtos adequados para a análise das normas ASTM D6866/ISO 16620 — Produtos que devem conter componentes de base vegetal, por exemplo, vestuário, têxteis domésticos, têxteis industriais, materiais de escritório, utilidades domésticas, mobília, recipientes de refil e calçados. Informações: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Fonte: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| Coréia | Selo Biobased da Associação de Embalagens de Biomateriais da Coréia (Selo BP) | + |
| Em 2011, a Associação de Embalagens de Biomateriais da Coréia (KBMP) lançou um programa de certificação aplicável a resina de base biológica e derivados que contenham pelo menos 25% de teor de biomassa. O Selo BP é válido por dois anos. Produtos para análise segundo o ASTM D6866 — Resina de base biológica (pellets), produtos acabados e embalagens feitas com resina de base biológica. Fonte: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Taiwan | Selo “Green Mark” taiwanês para produtos plásticos | + |
| O selo “Green Mark” do Departamento de Proteção Ambiental de Taiwan é o padrão de rotulagem ambiental para “produtos plásticos de base biológica”, isto é, produtos plásticos que são derivados de biomassa. Os produtos biodegradáveis estão isentos do programa. O programa de rotulagem se aplica a produtos plásticos com um conteúdo de carbono de base biológica de pelo menos 25%, medido segundo a ASTM D6866, norma utilizada para determinar a porcentagem do carbono em produtos plásticos que é derivado de biomassa, em relação ao carbono de origem fóssil. Para mais detalhes de como obter esse selo, acesse o site do “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")“. |
| América do Norte | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| O [Programa BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "Programa BioPreferred") foi criado pela Lei de Segurança Agrícola e Investimento Rural de 2002, e ampliado pela Lei de Melhoria Agrícola de 2018 dos Estados Unidos. As metas do programa são aumentar as aquisições e o consumo de produtos biobaseados, estimular o desenvolvimento econômico, propiciar novos mercados para as mercadorias agrícolas e reduzir a dependência dos produtos de petróleo. O programa fornece às agências federais ferramentas, treinamento e o catálogo BioPreferred para auxiliar com o cumprimento dos requerimentos de aquisição. O programa também ajuda consumidores com a fácil identificação de produtos biobaseados comercialmente disponíveis. Com o programa USDA BioPreferred, candidatos bem-sucedidos podem afixar o **USDA Certified Biobased Label** em seus produto, embalagem ou materiais de marketing. Produtos para análise segundo a ASTM D6866 — Em junho de 2022, já existiam [139 categorias de produtos](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 categorias de produtos") designadas pelo programa USDA BioPreferred. Cada uma exige um teor biobaseado mínimo como parte do processo da designação de categorias para a preferência de aquisições federais. Os produtos que não se enquadrem em nenhuma das categorias ainda podem participar se forem pelo menos 25% biobaseados. Fonte: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **Validação do conteúdo de produtos de base biológica conforme a norma UL 9798** A validação do conteúdo de base biológica UL 9798 é uma das partes mais importantes das soluções ambientais e sustentáveis da UL. Ela é aplicada a materiais individuais sólidos e líquidos, e para produtos semi-acabados ou acabados. Os produtos certificados podem exibir insígnias da UL para fins de marketing, e são listados na base de dados da UL de produtos verdes. O programa de validação de conteúdo de base biológica recomenda o emprego da análise ASTM D6866. Produtos que podem ser analisados conforme a norma ASTM D6866 — materiais de construção, produtos químicos, artigos de limpeza/papel, eletrônicos, móveis/mobiliário, plásticos e brinquedos. Resumo: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **EcoLogo CCD-170 (atualmente UL 2783)** O programa EcoLogo, fundado pelo governo canadense em 1988, foi um dos mais importantes sistemas de rotulagem ecológica da América do Norte. Ele certifica uma ampla gama de produtos comerciais. O EcoLogo foi adquirido pela UL Environment em 2010. Produtos que podem ser analisados conforme a norma ASTM D6866 — higienizador instantâneo de mãos Segundo o padrão CCD-170 do EcoLogo, produtos antissépticos para as mãos devem conter pelo menos 73% de conteúdo de base biológica, sem contar a embalagem, ou demonstrar conformidade com o programa BioPreferred da USDA. |
| | Certificação GreenCircle para conteúdo de base biológica | + |
| A GreenCircle Certified, LLC ajuda empresas a consolidar a integridade de suas marcas com a verificação independente, de terceiros, de suas declarações em prol do meio ambiente através dos padrões aplicáveis. Para a certificação de conteúdo de base biológica em um produto, a GreenCircle avalia o produto, matéria-prima e operações de fabricação para verificar as declarações de conteúdo renovável e/ou de base biológica. Produtos adequados para análise segundo a norma ASTM D6866 — Todos os produtos de base biológica Fonte: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Mesa redonda sobre biomateriais sustentáveis (RSB) | + |
| A RSB oferece normalização de certificações globais revisadas por pares para a produção sustentável de biomateriais, biocombustíveis e biomassa. A norma RSB para produtos avançados e de base biológica (RSB-STD-02-001) descreve os requerimentos de sustentabilidade para operadores envolvidos com as redes de fornecimento de produtos avançados e de base biológica. Sob essa norma, produtos e intermediários de base biológica certificados deverão ter um teor de carbono de base biológica de pelo menos 25% segundo a medição dos métodos de normalização EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 ou ISO 16620-1:2015. A norma entrará em vigor em dezembro de 2018. Fonte: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) | + |
| A certificação de Liderança em Energia e Design Ecológico (LEED) é a avaliação independente mais amplamente utilizada para edifícios verdes. A LEED pode ser aplicada a todas as construções. Projetos que buscam a certificação LEED são contemplados em um dos quatro níveis de classificação LEED – Certificado, Prata, Ouro ou Platina. A norma ASTM D6866 é empregada para verificar o conteúdo de base biológica utilizado nos materiais de construção que cumpram com o Padrão de Agricultura Sustentável da Rede de Agricultura Sustentável, assim contribuindo para o nível de classificação LEED. Não há um requerimento mínimo de conteúdo de base biológica. Produtos para os testes ASTM D6866 — Materiais de construção Descrição da LEED v4: <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> |
*Última atualização: abril de 2025*
---
### [Certificazione dei prodotti biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/etichette-ecologiche-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
In tutto il mondo, diversi programmi di ecoetichettatura con certificazione di terze parti e iniziative relative ai prodotti biobased richiedono o raccomandano l’analisi con [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") o [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html)
**ATTENZIONE: SGS Beta non è affiliata ad alcuno dei programmi sotto riportati.**
| Belgio | Vinçotte OK Biobased | + |
|---|---|---|
| Vinçotte è un ente di ispezione, analisi e certificazione con sede in Belgio. Il suo programma di etichettatura ecologica OK Biobased identifica il contenuto rinnovabile dei prodotti attraverso un sistema di stelle: più stelle ci sono nel logo più alto è il contenuto biobased del prodotto. Prodotti per analisi con EN 16640 — tutti i prodotti composti completamente o parzialmente da bioplastica e/o materiali di origine naturale, eccetto i combustibili. Notizie su OK Biobased: [Riepilogo OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/ok-biobased.html "Riepilogo di OK Biobased:") Fonte: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "Sito web di OK Biobased") |
| Brasile | Sigillo Braskem I’m Green™ | + |
| Braskem, un’azienda petrolchimica brasiliana, ha creato il marchio I’m Green per identificare i prodotti che contengono la sua plastica “verde”. Il marchio è disponibile esclusivamente per i clienti di Braskem. Informazioni su Braskem I’m Green: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| Unione Europea | Schema di certificazione del contenuto biobased | + |
| Allo scopo di promuovere una comunicazione trasparente e credibile riguardo al contenuto biobased di un prodotto, il Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN) ha lanciato nel 2016 lo Schema di certificazione del contenuto biobased (Bio-based Content Certification Scheme). Il programma si basa sulla norma europea [EN 16785-1:2015](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html), che descrive i requisiti per la determinazione del contenuto biobased di qualsiasi prodotto attraverso la misurazione del carbonio-14 e l’analisi elementare. Secondo questa norma, il contenuto di carbonio-14 di un prodotto viene determinato utilizzando lo standard EN 16640. Prodotti per analisi con EN 16640 — materie prime biobased, sostanze chimiche e intermedi, prodotti finiti o semifiniti. Fonte: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | Ecolabel UE | + |
| Il marchio Ecolabel UE è un sistema volontario creato dalla Commissione Europea, finalizzato a promuovere un’economia circolare e incoraggiare i produttori a generare meno rifiuti ed emissioni di anidride carbonica durante il processo di fabbricazione. Diverse aziende utilizzano i criteri della Ecolabel UE per orientarsi sulle buone pratiche relative all’ecocompatibilità. Il sistema Ecolabel UE è valido in tutta l’Unione europea, in Norvegia, in Islanda e in Liechtenstein. Prodotti per analisi del contenuto biobased — biolubrificanti In base ai criteri del marchio Ecolabel UE per i lubrificanti, il prodotto finito deve avere un contenuto minimo di carbonio biobased del 25% per essere definito “lubrificante biobased” o “biolubrificante”. La conformità può essere dimostrata inviando un referto di analisi EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1"). I criteri per i lubrificanti sono validi fino al 31 dicembre 2028. Contesto: [decisione della Commissione (UE) 2018/1702 che stabilisce i criteri del marchio Ecolabel UE per i lubrificanti](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "decisione della Commissione (UE) 2018/1702 che stabilisce i criteri del marchio Ecolabel UE per i lubrificanti") Fonte: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "Sito web dell'Ecolabel UE") |
| Germania | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| DIN CERTCO è un’organizzazione a scopo di certificazione di TÜV Rheinland Group e DIN, l’Istituto Tedesco per la Standardizzazione. Il suo sistema di certificazione DIN-Geprüft Biobased ha tre gradi di qualità a seconda del contenuto di carbonio rinnovabile: (a) 20-50% biobased, (b) 50-85% biobased e (c) >85% biobased. Prodotti per le analisi con l’ASTM D6866 — Tutti i prodotti che sono almeno per il 50% organici e almeno per il 20% biobased possono essere certificati, ad eccezione dei prodotti ad uso medico, i materiali pericolosi e i combustibili con componenti fossili. La certificazione è applicabile a beni totalmente o parzialmente prodotti a partire da materie prime rinnovabili. Informazioni su DIN-Geprüft Biobased: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/din-certco.html "DIN-Geprüft Biobased") Fonte: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| Giappone | BiomassPla della Japan BioPlastics Association | + |
| Lanciato nel luglio del 2006, il sistema di certificazione ed etichettatura BiomassPla della Japan BioPlastics Association certifica i prodotti plastici derivati da biomassa. I prodotti registrati al programma possono esibire un logo facilmente riconoscibile dai consumatori. Il programma di etichettatura BiomassPla è accessibile solo ai membri della JBPA. Prodotti per analisi ASTM D6866 — Materiali elencati nella [BMP Positive List](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "BMP Positive List") della BiomassPla \[Classe A – plastiche derivate da biomassa; Classe C – prodotti intermedi; Classe E – materie prime plastiche termoindurenti; Classe F – prodotti intermedi da Classe E\] Informazioni su BiomassPla: [Certificazione BiomassPLA della Japan BioPlastics Association per le plastiche derivate da biomassa](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Certificazione BiomassPLA della Japan BioPlastics Association per le plastiche derivate da biomassa") Fonte: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "Sito web della JBPA:") |
| | Programma Eco Mark della Japan Environment Association | + |
| Eco Mark è un programma di etichettatura ambientale che prende in considerazione l’intero ciclo di vita del prodotto. Ambisce a sensibilizzare i consumatori sulle tematiche ambientali e incoraggia gli sforzi delle imprese volti a migliorare la propria sostenibilità. Prodotti per le analisi con ASTM D6866/ISO 16620 — Prodotti che devono contenere componenti derivati dalle piante, come capi di vestiario, articoli tessili per la casa, tessuti industriali, articoli per ufficio, prodotti per la casa, mobili, contenitori per liquidi di ricarica e calzature. Informazioni: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Fonte: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| Corea | Etichetta biobased della Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) (BP Label) | + |
| Nel 2011, la Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) ha lanciato un programma di certificazione per le resine biobased e i loro derivati contenenti almeno il 25% di biomassa. La BP label è valida per due anni. Prodotti per analisi con ASTM D6866 — Resine biobased (granuli), prodotti finiti e imballaggi in resina biobased. Fonte: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Taiwan | Standard “Green Mark” taiwanese per i prodotti in plastica | + |
| “Green Mark” è lo standard di etichettatura ecologica del Dipartimento taiwanese per la Protezione Ambientale per i “prodotti in plastica biobased” – prodotti in plastica derivati da biomassa. I prodotti biodegradabili sono esclusi dallo schema. Il programma di etichettatura si applica ai prodotti plastici che contengono almeno il 25% di carbonio biobased, misurato attraverso ASTM D6866, lo standard utilizzato per determinare la percentuale di carbonio derivato da biomassa nei materiali plastici. Ulteriori dettagli sulla richiesta di questa etichetta sono disponibili sul sito di “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")“. |
| Nord America | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| Il [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "BioPreferred Program") del Dipartimento dell’Agricoltura degli Stati Uniti, creato attraverso il Farm Security and Rural Investment Act del 2002 e ampliato con l’Agriculture Improvement Act del 2018, ha lo scopo di incrementare l’acquisto e l’uso di prodotti biobased, stimolare lo sviluppo economico, aprire nuovi mercati per i prodotti agricoli e ridurre la dipendenza dai prodotti petrolchimici. Oltre al catalogo BioPreferred, il programma offre alle agenzie federali gli strumenti e la formazione necessari per aiutarle a soddisfare i requisiti di acquisto di prodotti biobased. Il programma aiuta inoltre i consumatori a identificare facilmente i prodotti biobased disponibili in commercio. I candidati ammessi al programma USDA BioPreferred possono apporre **USDA Certified Biobased Label** sul prodotto, sull’imballaggio o sul materiale di marketing. Prodotti per l’analisi con ASTM D6866 – A giugno 2022, esistono [139 categorie di prodotti](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 product categories") designate dal programma USDA BioPreferred. Ognuna di queste prevede una soglia minima di contenuto biobased da raggiungere per ottenere la preferenza d’acquisto. I prodotti che non rientrano in nessuna di queste categorie sono comunque ammissibili se sono biobased per almeno il 25%. Fonte: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **Standard UL 9798 per la convalida del contenuto dei prodotti biobased** Lo standard UL 9798 per la verifica del contenuto biobased svolge un ruolo chiave nelle soluzioni ambientali e di sostenibilità di UL. È applicabile sia ai materiali solidi e liquidi sia ai semilavorati e ai prodotti finiti. I prodotti certificati possono essere contrassegnati con il badge di UL a scopo di marketing ed entrano a far parte del Database di Prodotti Sostenibili di UL. Il programma di verifica del contenuto biobased UL 9798 raccomanda l’analisi con ASTM D6866. Prodotti per analisi ASTM D6866 — materiali da costruzione, sostanze chimiche, pulizia/carta, dispositivi elettronici, mobili/arredamento, plastiche, giocattoli Ulteriori informazioni: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **EcoLogo CCD-170 (ora UL 2783)** Il programma EcoLogo, lanciato dal governo canadese nel 1988, è stato uno dei maggiori sistemi di etichettatura ecologica del Nord America. Il programma certifica un ampio numero di prodotti commerciali. EcoLogo è stato acquisito da UL Environment nel 2010. Prodotti per analisi ASTM D6866 — Igienizzanti mani istantanei Secondo lo standard CCD-170 di EcoLogo, i prodotti antisettici istantanei per le mani devono essere biobased almeno al 73%, esclusa la confezione, o dimostrare la conformità al programma BioPreferred dello USDA. |
| | Certificazione del contenuto biobased GreenCircle | + |
| GreenCircle Certified, LLC aiuta le aziende a proteggere l’integrità del loro marchio tramite una verifica indipendente delle loro dichiarazioni ambientali, condotta con gli standard appropriati. Nell’ambito della sua certificazione del contenuto biobased, GreenCircle valuta il prodotto, le materie prime e i processi di produzione per verificare e certificare le dichiarazioni relative al contenuto biobased o rinnovabile. Prodotti per le analisi con l’ASTM D6866 — Tutti i prodotti biobased Fonte: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) | + |
| La RSB offre uno standard di certificazione globale, con revisione paritaria, per la produzione sostenibile di biomateriali, biocombustibili e biomassa. Il sistema denominato “RSB Standard for Bio-based and Advanced Products (RSB-STD-02-001)” elenca i requisiti di sostenibilità per gli operatori coinvolti nella filiera dei prodotti biobased e avanzati. Secondo questo standard, i prodotti intermedi o finiti biobased certificati devono presentare un contenuto di carbonio biobased minimo pari al 25%, misurato attraverso il metodo standard EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 o ISO 16620-1:2015. Lo standard sarà effettivo entro il 10 dicembre 2018. Fonte: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) | + |
| Il Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) è il sistema di verifica di terze parti più utilizzato per le costruzioni ecologiche. LEED può essere applicato a qualsiasi edificio. I progetti che richiedono la certificazione LEED ottengono uno di quattro livelli di valutazione – Certificato, Argento, Oro o Platino. ASTM D6866 viene utilizzato per verificare il contenuto biobased dei materiali da costruzione che soddisfano il Sustainable Agriculture Standard del Sustainable Agriculture Network, contribuendo al livello di valutazione LEED. Non c’è un contenuto biobased minimo. Prodotti per l’analisi ASTM D6866 — Materiali da costruzione Informazioni su LEED v4: [https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41](https://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-v4-user-guide "https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41") |
*Ultimo aggiornamento: aprile 2025*
---
### [Certification des produits biosourcés](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il existe plusieurs programmes d’éco-étiquetage certifiés par une tierce partie et des initiatives en faveur des produits biosourcés dans le monde qui exigent ou recommandent les analyses [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") ou [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html "EN 16440") pour les produits.
**REMARQUE : SGS Beta n’est affilié à aucun des programmes mentionnés ci-dessous.**
| Belgique | Vinçotte OK biobased (now under TÜV AUSTRIA) | + |
|---|---|---|
| Vinçotte, un organisme d’inspection et de certification belge, a lancé son programme OK biobased en septembre 2009 en vue de fournir des évaluations indépendantes des produits renouvelables. Désormais intégré dans le groupe TÜV AUSTRIA, le système de certification OK biobased continue d’utiliser un système d’étoiles pour indiquer la teneur biosourcée d’un produit. Un produit biosourcé à une étoile a une teneur biosourcée comprise entre 20% et 40% tandis qu’un produit certifié quatre étoiles a une teneur biosourcée supérieure à 80%. Produits pour analyse EN 16640 — Tous les produits qui sont partiellement fabriqués à partir de bioplastiques et / ou de matériaux d’origine naturelle à l’exception des combustibles. Pour en savoir plus sur le label OK Biobased: [Résumé OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ok-biobased.html "Résumé OK Biobased") Source: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "Site web OK Biobased") |
| Brésil | Label Braskem I’m Green™ | + |
| Braskem, une entreprise pétrochimique brésilienne, a créé le label I’m Green afin d’identifier les produits qui contiennent le plastique vert Braskem dans leur composition. Le label est exclusif aux clients Braskem. Présentation du label I’m Green de Braskem: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| Union européenne | Programme de certification du contenu biosourcé | + |
| Pour promouvoir une communication transparente et crédible sur le contenu d’origine biosourcé d’un produit, l’Institut néerlandais de normalisation (NEN) a lancé le programme de certification de la teneur biosourcée en 2016. Ce programme est basé sur la norme européenne EN 16785-1: 2015, qui décrit les exigences requises pour déterminer le contenu biosourcé d’un produit donné à l’aide de la mesure du carbone 14 et de l’analyse élémentaire. En vertu de cette norme, la teneur en carbone 14 d’un produit est déterminée conformément à la norme EN 16640. Produits pour analyse selon la norme EN 16640 — Matières premières, produits chimiques et intermédiaires, produits semi-finis ou finis biosourcés. Source: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | Ecolabel européen | + |
| L’écolabel européen est une initiative volontaire créé par la Commission européenne pour promouvoir une économie circulaire et encourager les producteurs à produire moins de déchets et d’émissions de dioxyde de carbone au cours des processus de fabrication. De nombreuses entreprises utilisent les critères de l’écolabel pour définir de meilleures pratiques respectueuses de l’environnement. Le système de l’écolabel européen est valable dans l’ensemble de l’Union européenne, en Norvège, en Islande et au Liechtenstein. Produits pour l’analyse de la teneur biosourcée — Lubrifiants biosourcés Selon les critères de l’écolabel européen en matière de lubrifiants, si le terme « biosourcé » ou « biolubrifiant » est utilisé, le produit final doit avoir une teneur minimale en carbone biosourcé de 25%. La conformité doit être démontrée au moyen d’un rapport d’analyse conformément aux normes analytiques EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1. Les critères pour les lubrifiants sont valables jusqu’au 31 décembre 2028. Plus d’informations: [Décision de la Commission (EU) 2018/1702 établissant le critère de l’écolabel européen pour les lubrifiants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Décision de la Commission (EU) 2018/1702 établissant le critère de l’écolabel européen pour les lubrifiants") Source: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "Site internet de l’écolabel européen") |
| Allemagne | Programme biosourcé DIN-Geprüft de DIN CERTCO | + |
| DIN CERTCO est un organisme de certification élaboré par le groupe TÜV Rheinland et DIN, l’Institut allemand de normalisation. Son programme de certification DIN-Geprüft Biobased contient trois niveaux de qualité selon la teneur en carbone biosourcé : (a) biosourcé à 20-50%, (b) biosourcé à 50-85%, et (c) biosourcé à >85%. Produits pour analyse selon l’ASTM D6866 — tous les produits qui sont d’origine biologique à 25% au minimum et ont une teneur biosourcée minimale de 20% peuvent être certifiés, hormis les produits médicaux, produits dangereux et combustibles avec composants fossiles. Le programme de certification s’applique aux produits qui sont entièrement ou partiellement produits à partir de matières premières biosourcées. Pour en savoir plus sur le programme: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/din-certco.html "DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased Certification Scheme") Source: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| Japon | BiomassPla de l’Association japonaise BioPlastics | + |
| Lancé en juillet 2006, le système de certification et de labellisation BiomassPla de la Japan BioPlastics Association certifie les produits plastiques à base de biomasse. Les produits enregistrés sous ce programme portent un logo aisément identifiable par les consommateurs. Le programme de labellisation BiomassPla s’applique uniquement aux membres de la JBPA. Produits pour analyses ASTM D6866 — Matériaux indiqués dans la [liste BMP Positive](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "liste BMP Positive") de BiomassPla \[Classe A – plastiques à base de biomasse ; Classe C – produits semi-finis ; Classe E – matières premières plastiques thermodurcissables dérivées de la biomasse ; Classe F – produits semi-finis de la classe E\] En savoir plus sur la certification BiomassPla : [la certification BiomassPla de la Japan BioPlastics Association pour les plastiques à base de biomasse](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "la certification BiomassPla de la Japan BioPlastics Association pour les plastiques à base de biomasse") Source: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "Site web de la JBPA") |
| | Programme Eco Mark de l’Association japonaise de protection de l’environnement | + |
| L’Eco Mark est un programme d’étiquetage environnemental qui prend en compte le cycle de vie complet du produit. Il vise à sensibiliser les consommateurs à l’environnement et encourage les efforts des entreprises en faveur de l’amélioration du respect de l’environnement. Produits pour analyses ASTM D6866 / ISO 16620 — Produits devant avoir des composants à base de plantes, par exemple vêtements, textiles de maison, industrie textile, fournitures de bureau, articles ménagers, meubles, emballages réutilisables et chaussures. En savoir plus sur la certification: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Source: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| Corée | Label biosourcé de la Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (Label BP) | + |
| En 2011, la Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) a lancé un programme de certification applicable aux résines biosourcées et à leurs dérivés contenant au moins 25% de biomasse. Le label BP est valable deux ans. Produits pour analyse ASTM D6866 — Résine biosourcée (pellets), produits finis et emballages à base de résine biosourcée. Source: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Taiwan | Programme taïwanais « Green Mark » pour les produits en plastique | + |
| Le programme « Green Mark » du Département de protection environnementale de Taiwan est la norme d’étiquetage environnementale pour les « produits en plastique biosourcés » – produits en plastique issus de la biomasse. Les produits biodégradables sont exemptés de ce programme. Le programme d’étiquetage s’applique aux produits en plastique ayant au moins 25% de teneur en carbone biosourcé mesurée par ASTM D6866, la norme utilisée pour déterminer le pourcentage de carbone dans un produit plastique dérivé de la biomasse par rapport au contenu fossile. Vous trouverez plus d’informations sur la façon de participer à ce programme sur le site Internet “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")“. |
| Amérique du Nord | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| Créé par le « Farm Security and Rural Investment Act » de 2002 et étendu par l’ « Agriculture Improvement Act » de 2018, le [programme BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html "programme BioPreferred") du Département américain de l’agriculture vise à accroître l’achat et l’utilisation de produits biosourcés, à stimuler le développement économique, à fournir de nouveaux marchés pour les produits agricoles et à réduire la dépendance en produits pétroliers. Le programme fournit aux agences fédérales des outils, une formation et le catalogue BioPreferred pour les aider à répondre à leurs exigences d’achat biosourcées. Le programme aide également les consommateurs à identifier facilement les produits biosourcés disponibles dans le commerce. Dans le cadre du programme USDA BioPreferred, les candidats retenus peuvent apposer le label **USDA Certified Biobased** sur le produit, l’emballage ou les supports marketing. Produits pour les tests ASTM D6866 — En juin 2022, il y avait [139 catégories de produits](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 catégories de produits") désignées par le programme BioPreferred de l’USDA. Elles ont des minimums de contenu biosourcé uniques dans le cadre du processus de désignation des catégories pour les préférences d’achat fédérales. Les produits qui n’appartiennent à aucune de ces catégories sont toujours éligibles s’ils ont un contenu biosourcé d’au moins 25 %. Source: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **Validation du contenu des produits biosourcés UL 9798** La validation UL 9798 sur le contenu biosourcé est un élément fondamental des solutions UL environnementales et durables. Elle s’applique aux matériaux solides et liquides individuels ainsi qu’aux produits semi-finis et finis. Les produits certifiés peuvent utiliser des étiquettes UL à des fins marketing et sont répertoriés dans la base de données de produits verts UL. Le programme de validation du contenu biosourcé UL 9798 recommande d’utiliser les analyses ASTM D6866. Produits pour analyse ASTM D6866 — matériaux de construction, produits chimiques, nettoyage / papier, électronique, mobilier / ameublement, plastiques, jouets Résumé : [https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation](https://www.ul.com/services/bio-based-product-content-validation) **EcoLogo CCD-170 (maintenant UL 2783)** Fondé par le gouvernement canadien en 1988, le programme ÉcoLogo était l’un des plus importants systèmes d’éco-étiquetage en Amérique du Nord. Le programme certifie une large gamme de produits commerciaux. EcoLogo a été acquis par UL Environment en 2010. Produits pour analyse ASTM D686 — Désinfectants instantanés pour les mains Selon la norme CCD-170 d’EcoLogo, les produits antiseptiques instantanés pour les mains doivent avoir une teneur biosourcée minimale de 73% à l’exclusion de l’emballage ou démontrer leur conformité au programme USDA BioPreferred. |
| | Certification GreenCircle pour le contenu biosourcé | + |
| GreenCircle Certified, LLC aide les entreprises à établir l’intégrité de leur marque en fournissant une vérification indépendante réalisée par une tierce partie de leurs revendications environnementales à l’aide des normes en vigueur. Pour la certification du contenu biosourcé, GreenCircle évalue le produit, les matières premières et les opérations de fabrication afin de vérifier et de certifier les allégations de contenu renouvelable / biosourcé. Produits pour analyses ASTM D6866 — tous les produits biosourcés Source: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Table ronde sur les biomatériaux durables (RSB) | + |
| La RSB propose une norme de certification mondiale évaluée par des pairs pour les biomatériaux durables, les biocarburants et la production de biomasse. La norme RSB pour les produits biosourcés et avancés (RSB-STD-02-001) décrit les exigences de durabilité pour les opérateurs impliqués dans les chaînes d’approvisionnement de produits biosourcés et avancés. Selon la norme, les produits biosourcés intermédiaires et les produits biosourcés certifiés doivent avoir une teneur en carbone biosourcé minimale de 25%, telle que mesurée par les méthodes normalisées EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 ou ISO 16620-1:2015. La norme entrera en vigueur le 10 décembre 2018. Source: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | Programme de certification de conception énergétique et environnementale du Conseil américain du bâtiment durable (programme Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design – LEED du Green Building Council) | + |
| Le programme LEED est le programme tiers le plus communément utilisé pour la vérification des bâtiments durables. Le LEED peut être appliqué à tous les bâtiments. Les projets cherchant à obtenir la certification LEED peuvent obtenir l’un des quatre niveaux de notation LEED – Certifié, Argent, Or ou Platine.> La norme ASTM D6866 est utilisée pour vérifier la teneur biosourcée des matériaux de construction qui respectent la norme d’agriculture durable (Sustainable Agriculture Standard) du réseau de l’agriculture durable, et contribue ainsi à obtenir un niveau LEED. Il n’y a pas de teneur biosourcée minimale requise. Produits éligibles pour le test ASTM D6866 — matériaux de construction Contexte du LEED v4: <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> |
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : avril 2025*
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### [Certificación de productos de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/rotulos-ecologicos-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Hay varios programas de ecoetiquetado e iniciativas de productos de base biológica independientes y certificados en todo el mundo que requieren o recomiendan el análisis de productos conforme a las normas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") o [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "EN 16440").
**NOTA: SGS Beta no está afiliado a ninguno de los programas listados aquí abajo.**
| Bélgica | Vinçotte OK Biobased (ahora perteneciente a TÜV AUSTRIA) | + |
|---|---|---|
| Vinçotte, una organización de inspección y certificación con sede en Bélgica, puso en marcha el programa OK biobased en septiembre de 2009 para ofrecer a las compañías una evaluación independiente del grado de renovabilidad de sus productos. Integrado ahora al grupo TÜV AUSTRIA, el programa de certificación OK biobased continúa utilizando un sistema de estrellas para indicar el contenido de base biológica de un producto. Un producto de base biológica con una estrella tiene un contenido de base biológica de entre 20 y 40%, mientras que un producto certificado con cuatro estrellas tiene un contenido de base biológica mayor a 80%. Productos para análisis conforme a la norma EN 16640 – Todos los productos elaborados parcialmente a partir de bioplásticos y/o materiales de origen natural, con excepción de combustibles. Datos generales sobre la certificación “OK Biobased”: [Resumen del Programa OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/ok-biobased.html "Resumen del Programa OK Biobased") Fuente: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "OK Biobased Web site") |
| Brasil | Sello Braskem I’m Green™ | + |
| Braskem, una compañía petroquímica de Brasil, ha creado el sello I’m Green para identificar productos que contienen el plástico ecológico Braskem en su composición. El sello es exclusivo de los clientes de Braskem. Descripción general del programa Braskem I’m Green: [https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en](https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en "Braskem I'm Green overview") |
| Unión Europea | Programa de Certificación de Contenido de Base Biológica | + |
| A fin de promover una comunicación transparente y confiable sobre el contenido de base biológica de un producto, el Instituto de Normalización de los Países Bajos (NEN) lanzó el Programa de Certificación de Contenido de Base Biológica en 2016. El programa se basa en la Norma Europea EN 16785-1:2015, la cual establece los requisitos para determinar el contenido de base biológica de cualquier producto mediante medición de Carbono-14 y análisis elemental. Según esta norma, el contenido de Carbono-14 de un producto se determina conforme a la norma EN 16640. Productos para análisis conforme a la norma EN 16640 — Materias primas de base biológica, químicos y productos intermedios, semielaborados o terminados. Fuente: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | Etiqueta Ecológica Europea | + |
| La Etiqueta Ecológica Europea es un programa voluntario creado por la Comisión Europea para promover una economía circular, alentando a los productores a generar menos desperdicio y emisiones de dióxido de carbono durante el proceso de fabricación. Muchas empresas utilizan los criterios de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea como guía de mejores prácticas amigables con el ambiente. El programa de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea es válido en la Unión Europea, Noruega, Islandia y Liechtenstein. Productos para análisis de contenido de base biológica — Lubricantes de base biológica De acuerdo con los criterios de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea para lubricantes, si se usa el término “de base biológica” o “biolubricante”, el producto final deberá tener un contenido mínimo de carbono de base biológica del 25%. El cumplimiento se demuestra presentando un informe de análisis conforme a las normas EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o EN 16785-1. Los criterios para lubricantes están vigentes hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2028. Antecedentes: [Decisión de la Comisión Europea 2018/1702 por la que se establecen los criterios de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea para lubricantes](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Decisión de la Comisión Europea 2018/1702 por la que se establecen los criterios de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea para lubricantes") Fuente: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "Sitio web del programa de la Etiqueta Ecológica Europea") |
| Alemania | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| DIN CERTCO es una organización del Grupo TÜV Rheinlan y DIN, el Instituto Alemán de Estandarización. Su programa de certificación DIN-Geprüft Biobased establece tres divisiones de calidad a partir del contenido de carbono de base biológica: (a) base biológica de 20 a 50%, (b) base biológica de 50 a 85%, y (c) base biológica mayor a 85%. Productos que pueden ser analizados mediante el método ASTM D6866 — Todos los productos que son al menos 50% de origen orgánico y al menos 20% de base biológica pueden ser certificados, con excepción de productos médicos y peligrosos y combustibles con componentes fósiles. El programa de certificación se aplica a productos elaborados total o parcialmente a partir de materias primas de base biológica. Información general: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – for more Sustainability](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/din-certco.html "DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft Biobased Certification Scheme") Fuente: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| Japón | BiomassPla de la Asociación de Bioplásticos de Japón | + |
| Creados en julio de 2006, la certificación “BiomassPla” y el sistema de rotulado de la Asociación Japonesa de Bioplásticos certifican productos plásticos de biomasa. Como parte de este programa, los productos registrados llevan una etiqueta para su fácil identificación por parte de los consumidores. El programa “BiomassPla” solo se aplica a los miembros de la AJBP (o “JBPA”, en inglés). Productos para análisis conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 — Materiales incluidos en la [Lista Aprobada de BMP](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "Lista Aprobada de BMP") \[Clase A – plásticos a base de biomasa; Clase C – productos semiterminados; Clase E – materias primas plásticas termoestables derivadas de biomasa; Clase F – productos semiterminados de Clase E\]. Información general sobre la certificación “BiomassPla”: [Certificación “BiomassPla” de la Asociación Japonesa de Bioplásticos para Plásticos de Biomasa](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Certificación “BiomassPla” de la Asociación Japonesa de Bioplásticos para Plásticos de Biomasa") Fuente: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA Web site") |
| | Programa Eco Mark de la Asociación del Medio Ambiente de Japón | + |
| El Eco Mark es un programa de etiquetado ambiental que considera el ciclo completo de vida de un producto. Su objetivo es crear conciencia ambiental entre los consumidores y alienta los esfuerzos de las empresas con el mejoramiento ambiental. Productos que pueden ser analizados conforme a las normas ASTM D6866/ISO 16620 — Productos que deben contener componentes derivados de plantas, por ejemplo, ropa, textiles para el hogar, textiles industriales, material de oficina, artículos del hogar, muebles, envases reutilizables y calzado. Datos generales sobre la certificación: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Fuente: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| Corea | Etiqueta Biobased de la Asociación de Embalaje de Base Biológica (Etiqueta BP) | + |
| En 2011, la Asociación de Embalaje de Base Biológica de Corea (KBMP) lanzó el programa de certificación para resinas de base biológica y sus derivados con al menos 25% de contenido de base biológica. La etiqueta BP es válida por dos años. Productos para análisis conforma a la norma ASTM D6866 — Resinas de base biológica (pellets), productos terminados y embalaje elaborado a partir de resinas de base biológica. Fuente: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Taiwán | El “Sello Verde” taiwanés para productos plásticos | + |
| El “Sello Verde” (“Green Mark”) del Departamento Taiwanés de Protección Ambiental es el etiquetado ambiental estándar para “productos plásticos de base biológica” – productos plásticos derivados de biomasa. Los productos biodegradables están exentos de este esquema. El programa de etiquetado se aplica a productos plásticos con al menos 25% de contenido de carbono de base biológica conforme a las mediciones establecidas en la norma ASTM D6866, la norma utilizada para determinar el porcentaje de carbono en un producto plástico que se deriva de biomasa en comparación con el porcentaje de carbono de origen fósil. Puede obtener mayor información sobre cómo solicitar la etiqueta en el sitio web de “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")“. |
| Norteamérica | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| Creado por la Ley de Seguridad Agrícola e Inversión Rural de 2002 y ampliado por la Ley de Mejora de la Agricultura de 2018, el [Programa BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "Programa BioPreferred") del Departamento de Agricultura de EE. UU. tiene como objetivo incrementar la compra y el uso de productos de base biológica, estimular el desarrollo económico, proporcionar nuevos mercados para productos agrícolas y reducir la dependencia de los productos derivados del petróleo. El programa proporciona a las agencias federales herramientas, formación y el catálogo BioPreferred para ayudarlos a cumplir con sus requisitos de compra de base biológica. Asimismo, ayuda a los consumidores a identificar fácilmente los productos de base biológica disponibles en el mercado. Bajo el Programa BioPreferred del USDA, los solicitantes aceptados pueden colocar la **USDA Certified Biobased Label** en el producto, envase o materiales de marketing. Productos para pruebas ASTM D6866 — A fecha de junio de 2022 hay [139 categorías de productos](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 product categories") designadas por el programa USDA BioPreferred. Cada una requiere un porcentaje mínimo de contenido de base biológica como parte del proceso de designación de categorías para preferencia de compra federal. Los productos que no pertenecen a ninguna de estas categorías siguen siendo elegibles si tienen al menos un 25 % de base biológica. Referencia: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **Norma UL 9798 sobre validación de contenido de base biológica** La norma UL 9798 sobre validación de contenido de base biológica forma parte fundamental de las soluciones ambientales y sustentables de UL. Es aplicable a materiales sólidos y líquidos individuales, así como a productos semiterminados y terminados. Los productos certificados pueden portar las insignias de UL para efectos de marketing, y son enlistados en la base de datos de productos verdes de UL. La norma UL 9798 sobre validación de contenido de base biológica recomienda el análisis ASTM D6866. Productos para análisis conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 — materiales de construcción, productos químicos, papel/artículos de limpieza, electrónicos, muebles/accesorios, plásticos y juguetes Resumen de la norma: [https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation](https://www.ul.com/services/bio-based-product-content-validation) **Norma CCD-170 de EcoLogo (conocida ahora como UL 2783)** Creado por el gobierno canadiense en 1988, el programa EcoLogo fue uno de los sistemas de etiquetado más importantes de Norteamérica. El programa certifica una amplia gama de productos comerciales. EcoLogo fue adquirido por UL Environment en 2010. Productos para análisis conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 — Desinfectantes de manos instantáneos. De acuerdo con la norma CCD-170 de EcoLogo, los desinfectantes de manos instantáneos deben tener un contenido de base biológica de al menos 73%, sin considerar el embalaje, o demostrar que cumplen con el programa USDA BioPreferred. |
| | Certificación de Contenido de Base Biológica GreenCircle | + |
| GreenCircle Certified, LLC ayuda a las empresas a proteger la integridad de su marca ofreciendo una verificación independiente de sus aseveraciones ambientales utilizando las normas aplicables. Para su certificación de productos de base biológica, GreenCircle evaluará el producto, las materias primas y los procesos de producción a fin de verificar y certificar las aseveraciones de contenido renovable o de base biológica. Productos para análisis conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 — Todos los productos de base biológica Fuente: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle Certified Web site") |
| | Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) / Mesa Redonda sobre Biomateriales Sustentables | + |
| La RSB ofrece una norma de certificación global revisada por expertos para la producción de biomateriales sustentables, biocombustibles y biomasa. La Norma para Productos de Base Biológica y Avanzados (RSB-STD-02-001) describe los requisitos de sustentabilidad para operadores que intervienen en las cadenas de suministro de productos de base biológica y avanzados. De acuerdo con la norma, los productos terminados y productos intermedios de base biológica deben tener un contenido de carbono de base biológica de al menos 25% medido según los métodos estandarizados EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 o ISO 16620-1:2015. La norma entrará en vigor el 10 de diciembre de 2018. Fuente: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | Liderazgo en Energía y Diseño Ambiental (LEED) del Consejo de la Construcción Ecológica de los Estados Unidos | + |
| La certificación en Liderazgo en Energía y Diseño Ambiental (LEED por sus siglas en inglés) es la evaluación independiente más utilizada para las edificaciones verdes. La certificación LEED puede aplicarse a todas las construcciones. Los proyectos que persiguen la certificación LEED pueden obtener alguno de los cuatro niveles de clasificación – Certificado, Plata, Oro o Platino. El método ASTM D6866 se utiliza para verificar el contenido de base biológica de materiales de construcción que cumplen con el Estándar de Agricultura Sostenible de la Red de Agricultura Sostenible, contribuyendo así a la escala de clasificación LEED. No existe un requisito mínimo de contenido de base biológica. Productos sometidos a pruebas por el método ASTM D6866 — Materiales de construcción Descripción del LEED v4: [https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41](https://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-v4-user-guide "https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41") |
*Última actualización de la página: Abril de 2025*
---
### [Biobasierte Produktzertifizierung](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/oekolabel-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Es gibt weltweit verschiedene durch Drittanbieter zertifizierte Umweltzeichenprogramme und biobasierte Produktinitiativen, die [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866"), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") oder [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html "EN 16440") Analysen für Produkte erfordern oder empfehlen.
**BITTE BEACHTEN: SGS Beta ist mit keinem der unten aufgeführten Programme affiliiert.**
| Belgien | Vinçotte OK Biobased (jetzt unter TÜV AUSTRIA) | + |
|---|---|---|
| Vinçotte ist eine Kontroll- und Zertifizierungsorganisation in Belgien und hat im September 2009 sein OK-biobased Programm gestartet, um eine unabhängige Bewertung der Erneuerbarkeit eines Produkts zu ermöglichen. Das OK Biobased Zertifizierungssystem, das nun in die TÜV AUSTRIA Gruppe integriert ist, verwendet weiterhin ein Sternesystem, um den biobasierten Inhalt eines Produkts anzuzeigen. Ein biobasiertes Ein-Stern-Produkt hat biobasierte Inhalte zwischen 20% und 40%, während ein vier-Sterne-zertifiziertes Produkt einen biobasierten Gehalt von mehr als 80% aufweist. Produkte für die Prüfung gemäß EN 16640 – Alle Produkte, die teilweise aus Biokunststoffen und/oder aus Materialien natürlichen Ursprungs hergestellt wurden, ausgenommen Kraftstoffe. Details zu OK Biobased: [OK biobasierte Zusammenfassung](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/ok-biobased.html "OK biobasierte Zusammenfassung") Quelle: [https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "OK Biobased Web site") |
| Brasilien | Braskem I’m Green™ Siegel | + |
| Das brasilianische und petrochemische Unternehmen Braskem erstellte das I’m Green Siegel, um Produkte zu identifizieren, die den grünen Kunststoff von Braskem enthalten. Das Siegel ist ausschließlich für Braskem-Kunden erhältlich. Details zu Braskem I’m Green: <https://www.braskem.com.br/imgreen/home-en> |
| Europäische Union | Zertifizierungssystem für biobasierte Anteile | + |
| Um eine transparente und glaubwürdige Kommunikation über die biobasierten Anteil eines Produkts zu fördern, hat das Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN) 2016 das Zertifizierungssystem für biobasierte Anteile eingeführt. Das Programm basiert auf der Europäischen Norm [EN 16785-1: 2015](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/en-16785.html), welche die Anforderungen beschreibt zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils eines Produkts unter Verwendung einer Kohlenstoff-14-Messung und einer Elementaranalyse. Nach dieser Norm wird der Kohlenstoff-14 Anteil eines Produkts gemäß EN 16640 bestimmt. Produkte für die Prüfung gemäß EN 16640 — Biobasierte Rohstoffe, Chemikalien und Zwischenprodukte, Halbzeuge oder Fertigprodukte. Quelle: <https://biobasedcontent.eu> |
| | EU Ökosiegel | + |
| Das EU Ökosiegel ist ein freiwilliges Programm der Europäischen Kommission zur Förderung der Kreislaufwirtschaft und zur Anregung der Hersteller, während des Herstellungsprozesses weniger Abfall und Kohlendioxidemissionen zu verursachen. Viele Unternehmen verwenden das EU Ökosiegel als Leitfaden für umweltfreundliche und bewährte Verfahren. Das EU Ökosiegel gilt in der gesamten Europäischen Union, in Norwegen, Island und Liechtenstein. Produkte für die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils — Biobasierte Schmierstoffe Gemäß den Kriterien des EU Ökosiegels für Schmierstoffe, muss das Endprodukt bei Verwendung des Begriffs „biobasiert“ oder „Bioschmierstoff“ einen Kohlenstoffgehalt von mindestens 25% auf biobasierter Basis aufweisen. Die Konformität wird durch Vorlage eines Prüfberichts gemäß der Analysestandards EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 oder [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1") nachgewiesen. Die Kriterien für Schmierstoffe gelten bis zum 31. Dezember 2028. Hintergrund: [Entscheidung (EU) 2018/1702 der Kommission zur Festlegung der Kriterien des EU Ökosiegels für Schmierstoffe](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02018D1702-20241220 "Entscheidung (EU) 2018/1702 der Kommission zur Festlegung der Kriterien des EU Ökosiegels für Schmierstoffe") Quelle: [https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel\_en](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en "Website zum EU Ökosiegel") |
| Deutschland | DIN CERTCO DIN-Geprüft Biobased | + |
| DIN CERTCO ist eine Zertifizierungsorganisation der TÜV Rheinland Gruppe und des DIN. Das DIN-Geprüfte Zertifizierungsprogramm für biobasierte Produkte ist nach der Menge des biobasierten Anteils unterteilt: (a) Biobasiert 20-50%, (b) Biobasiert 50-85% und (c) Biobasiert >85%. Produkte für die ASTM D6866 Analyse — Alle Produkte, die mindestens 50% organisch sind und zu mindestens 20% biobasiert können zertifiziert werden. Ausgeschlossen sind medizinische oder als gefährlich eingestufte Produkte, wie auch Brennstoffe, die fossile Komponenten enthalten. Das Zertifizierungsprogramm bezieht sich auf Produkte, die gänzlich oder zum Teil aus biobasierten Rohstoffen hergestellt wurden. DIN-Geprüft Biobasiert Hintergrund: [DIN-Geprüft Biobasiert – für mehr Nachhaltigkeit](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/din-certco.html) Quelle: [https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/ "DIN CERTCO web site") |
| Japan | Japan BioPlastics Association BiomassPla | + |
| Die im Juli 2006 gegründete Gesellschaft Japan BioPlastik Assoziation BiomassenPla bietet Zertifikations- und Beschriftungssysteme für aus Biomasse hergestellte Plastikprodukte. Im Rahmen des Programms erhalten registrierte Produkte ein für Konsumenten leicht zu erkennendes Logo. Das BiomassPla-Beschriftungsprogramm ist nur für Mitglieder der JBPA zugänglich. Produkte für die ASTM D6866 Prüfung — Materialien, die in der BiomassPla [BMP Positive List](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/e-bp/#target5 "BMP Positive List") aufgeführt sind \[Klasse A – Kunststoffe auf Biomassebasis; Klasse C – Halbfabrikate; Klasse E – duroplastische Rohstoffe aus Biomasse; Klasse F – Halbfabrikate der Klasse E\] BiomassenPla Hintergrund: [Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification for Biomass-based Plastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomasspla.html "Japan BioPlastics Association’s BiomassPla Certification for Biomass-based Plastics") Quelle: [http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html](http://www.jbpaweb.net/english/index.html "JBPA Web site") |
| | Eco-Mark-Programm der japanischen Umweltvereinigung | + |
| Eco Mark ist ein Umweltkennzeichnungsprogramm, das den gesamten Lebenszyklus des Produkts berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, das Umweltbewusstsein der Verbraucher zu erhöhen und die Bemühungen der Unternehmen zur Verbesserung der Umwelt zu fördern. Produkte für die Prüfung nach ASTM D6866 / ISO 16620 — Produkte mit Komponenten auf Pflanzenbasis, z. B. Kleidung, Heimtextilien, industrielle Textilien, Bürobedarf, Haushaltswaren, Möbel, Nachfüllbehälter und Schuhwaren. Hintergrund: [Eco Mark Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html "Eco Mark Program") Quelle: [https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index\_en.html](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/index_en.html "JEA Web site") |
| Korea | Korea Bio Material Packaging Association’s Biobased Label (BP Siegel) | + |
| Im Jahr 2011 startete die Korea Bio Material Packaging Association (KBMP) ein Zertifizierungsprogramm für biobasiertes Harz und dessen Derivate mit einem Biomassegehalt von mindestens 25%. Das BP-Siegel ist zwei Jahre gültig. Produkte für die ASTM D6866 Prüfung — Biobasiertes Harz (Pellets), Fertigprodukte und Verpackungen aus biobasiertem Harz. Quelle: <http://www.koreabiopack.org/> |
| Taiwan | Taiwanese “Green Mark” for Plastic Products | + |
| Das Green Mark-Label der taiwanesischen Umweltschutzbehörde ist die standardisierte Umweltkennzeichnung für “biobasierte Kunststoffprodukte” – Kunststoffprodukte, die aus Biomasse gewonnen werden. Biologisch abbaubare Produkte sind von der Regelung ausgenommen. Das Etikettierungsprogramm gilt für Kunststoffprodukte mit mindestens 25% biobasiertem Kohlenstoffgehalt. Die Bestimmung erfolgt gemäß ASTM D6866, der Norm zur Ermittlung des Prozentsatzes des Kohlenstoffs in einem Kunststoffprodukt, der aus Biomasse stammt, im Vergleich zu dem prozentualen Anteil aus fossilen Materialien. Weitere Informationen zur Bewerbung finden Sie auf der Website “[Green Mark](https://greenlifestyle.moenv.gov.tw/ "Green Mark")“. |
| Nordamerika | U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred® Program | + |
| Das durch den Farm Security and Rural Investment Act von 2002 geschaffene und durch den Agriculture Improvement Act von 2018 erweiterte [BioPreferred-Programm](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biobevorzugt.html "BioPreferred-Programm") des US-Landwirtschaftsministeriums zielt darauf ab, den Kauf und die Verwendung biobasierter Produkte zu steigern, die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung anzukurbeln, neue Märkte für Agrarrohstoffe zu schaffen und verringern die Abhängigkeit von Erdölprodukten. Das Programm stellt Bundesbehörden Werkzeuge, Schulungen und den BioPreferred-Katalog zur Verfügung, um ihnen zu helfen, ihre biobasierten Einkaufsanforderungen zu erfüllen. Das Programm hilft den Verbrauchern auch dabei, im Handel erhältliche biobasierte Produkte leicht zu identifizieren. Im Rahmen des USDA BioPreferred-Programms können erfolgreiche Bewerber das **USDA Certified Biobased Label** auf dem Produkt, der Verpackung oder den Marketingmaterialien anbringen. Produkte für ASTM D6866-Tests – Ab Juni 2022 gibt es [139 Produktkategorien](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "139 product categories"), die vom USDA BioPreferred-Programm ausgewiesen wurden. Diese haben spezielle Mindestanforderungen für den biobasierten Anteil im Rahmen des Prozesses der Bestimmung von Kategorien für die bundesstaatliche Kaufpräferenz. Produkte, die in keine dieser Kategorien fallen, sind dennoch förderfähig, wenn sie mindestens 25% biobasiert sind. Quelle: [https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/ "Biopreferred Web Site") |
| | UL Environment | + |
| **UL 9798 Validierung des biobasierten Produktanteils** Die Validierung des biobasierten Anteils gemäß UL 9798 ist einer der wichtigen Bestandteile der UL-Lösungen für Umwelt und Nachhaltigkeit. Sie gilt für einzelne feste und flüssige Materialien, sowie für Halb- und Fertigprodukte. Zertifizierte Produkte können UL-Siegel für Marketingzwecke verwenden und werden in der UL Green Product-Datenbank aufgeführt. Das Programm zur Validierung des biobasierten Anteils UL 9798 empfiehlt die Verwendung von ASTM D6866-Prüfungen. Produkte für eine ASTM D6866 Prüfung — Baumaterialien, Chemikalien, Papier, Elektronik, Möbel / Einrichtungsgegenstände, Kunststoffe, Spielzeug Übersicht: <https://www.ul.com/services/ul-9798-bio-based-content-validation> **EcoLogo CCD-170 (jetzt UL 2783)** Das 1988 von der kanadischen Regierung gegründete EcoLogo-Programm war eines der größten Umweltsiegel in Nordamerika. Das Programm zertifiziert eine breite Palette kommerzieller Produkte. EcoLogo wurde 2010 von UL Environment übernommen. Produkte für ASTM D6866-Prüfungen — Handdesinfektionsmittel Gemäß dem Standard CCD-170 von EcoLogo müssen Antiseptika für eine sofortige Handdesinfektion ohne die Verpackung zu mindestens 73% biobasiert sein oder die Einhaltung des USDA BioPreferred-Programms nachweisen. |
| | GreenCircle Zertifizierung für biobasierte Inhalte | + |
| GreenCircle Certified LLC hilft Unternehmen dabei, Markenintegrität zu schaffen, indem unabhängige Umweltbewertungsunternehmen ihre Umweltclaims anhand geltender Standards überprüfen. Bei der Produktzertifizierung für biobasierte Inhalte wird GreenCircle das Produkt, die Rohstoffe und die Herstellungsverfahren bewerten, um die Angaben zu erneuerbaren / biobasierten Inhalten zu überprüfen und zu zertifizieren. Produkte für ASTM D6866 Prüfungen — Alle biobasierten Produkte Quelle: [GreenCircle Certified Certified Sustainability Facts Certification (PDF) – April 2024](https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5f0b837e2f73d10e7ca994b4/t/660b08b8810139187b756591/1711999162992/GreenCircle+Certified+Sustainability+Facts+Certification+Standard+Audit+Plan+4.2024.pdf "GreenCircle- Certified Webseite") |
| | Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) / Runder Tisch zu nachhaltigen Biomaterialien | + |
| RSB bietet einen Peer-Reviewed, globalen Zertifizierungsstandard für nachhaltige Biomaterialien, Biokraftstoffe und Biomasseproduktion. Der RSB-Standard für biobasierte und fortschrittliche Produkte (RSB-STD-02-001) beschreibt Nachhaltigkeitsanforderungen für Betreiber, die in den Lieferketten biobasierter und fortschrittlicher Produkte tätig sind. Gemäß dem Standard müssen zertifizierte biobasierte Produkte und biobasierte Zwischenprodukte einen biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt von mindestens 25% aufweisen, gemessen nach den standardisierten Verfahren EN 16640, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137:2011 oder ISO 16620-1:2015. Der Standard wird am 10. Dezember 2018 in Kraft treten. Quelle: [RSB-STD-02-001-Version 2.0 – RSB Standard for Advanced Products (PDF), pages 16-17](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/rsb-std-02-001-v2.0_rsb-standard-for-advanced-products.pdf) |
| | U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) | + |
| Das System Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) wird am häufigsten zur drittparteilichen Verifikation von grünen Gebäuden angewendet. LEED kann bei jedweden Gebäuden angewendet werden. Projekte, die eine LEED-Zertifizierung erreichen, können eine von vier Bewertungen erhalten – Zertifiziert, Silber, Gold oder Platin. Mittels ASTM D6866 wird der biobasierte Anteil der Baumaterialien beurteilt, dieser muss der Norm Sustainable Agriculture Network’s Sustainable Agriculture Standard gerecht werden und fließt in die LEED-Bewertung ein. Minimalmengen bzgl. biobasierten Materialien sind nicht vorgeschrieben. Produkte zur ASTM D6866 Analyse — Baumaterialien LEED v4 Hintergrund: <https://www.usgbc.org/leed/v41> |
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: April 2025*
---
### [碳-14測試和Beta實驗室服務常見問答集](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **檢測費用及支付方式**
## [Beta實驗室會收取消費用嗎?](#collapse1)
實驗室會在收到樣品後立即開始進行分析以準時交付報告。這代表自樣品收到開始，即開始計費。您可以在任何時候更改決定，但是請留意，我們將視實驗進度收取部分費用。
## [Beta實驗室的付款方式有哪些？](#collapse2)
我們建議透過電匯付款。關於我們的詳細付款條件訊息，請參閱 [此頁面](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html)。
#### • **結果與報告**
## [Beta會告訴客戶什麼時候發佈報告嗎?](#collapse3)
實驗室代表將與您聯繫，以確認您的樣品安全送達，並為您提供報告的交付日期。我們預計的測試時程是從邁阿密實驗室收貨之次日算起，不含週末假日。美東時間下午3點以後抵達實驗室的樣品將於次日登錄進系統裡。
## [我們可以追蹤樣品在實驗室的進度嗎？](#collapse4)
是的。請登入我們網站的客戶專區，然後在頁面中選擇「查看追蹤」。
## [過去使用舊版本的分析標準（例如ASTM D6866-12）所測試的產品，可以使用新的校正因子直接調整產品的生質含量嗎？](#collapse5)
不行。認證機構和標籤計劃可能會要求使用特定分析標準的最新版本再次測試產品。在將樣品寄出給Beta實驗室之前，請聯繫認證組織或標籤計劃以確認是否需要重新測試。
#### • **樣品和文件**
## [Beta實驗室是否接受含有揮發性有機化合物 (VOC) 和其他揮發性成分的樣品？](#collapse6)
如果您想分析產品中的揮發性有機化合物(VOC)，請在樣品寄出前諮詢我們。我們只能分析以CO2形式提交的氣體（純氣體或空氣混合物）。
準確的分析需要回收產品中所有可用的碳。如果生質成分是揮發性的，而石油成分不是，而揮發物沒有以與非揮發性石油成分相同的比例回收，則所測得的產品生質含量將太低。應用特殊程序來處理此類樣品是很容易的，但實驗室需要意識到這種需求，例如乾洗手。請注意，向實驗室提供此訊息是申請者的重要責任。
## [寄送危險樣品前要做些什麼?](#collapse7)
在運送危險樣品之前通知我們非常重要，這樣我們才能為您提供正確的說明和運送地址。如果樣品被國際航空運輸協會 (IATA)指定為危險品，則需將樣品直接寄到美國屬於IATA除外數量代碼 E1、E2、E4 或 E5 的危險物質以及包裝組 II 和 III 的危險物質符合最低限度的運輸條件。 若以最低限度運送到我們的邁阿密實驗室，樣本量不得超過 1 毫升，並且包裝必須遵循 [危險品法規](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) 中的指南，在洩漏時具有足夠的吸收性，並且足夠堅固以防止破損。最低限度運送不需要特別標籤說明。更詳細的說明，請參閱IATA危險品運送指南。
## [Beta實驗室需要SDS/MSDS嗎?](#collapse8)
化學品需要提供SDS/MSDS。我們需要檔案影本。您可以透過電子郵件將副本傳送給您的Beta實驗室客戶經理或上傳到您的線上資料表。
## [Beta實驗室接受致癌物質測試嗎?](#collapse9)
由於我們的實驗室沒有處理或處置某些有害物質的設施，因此我們不能接受致癌物質或需要特殊處置程序的物質。對於高度易燃或某些有毒物質（例如苯酚），我們可以接受非常少量的樣品，因此處置不是問題。然而，請在寄送樣品前與我們聯繫，商討合適的寄送量。
## [可以請求Beta實驗室退還剩餘樣品嗎?](#collapse10)
Beta實驗室無法退還任何未使用的原始或預處理過的剩餘樣品材料。客戶必須準確寄送實驗室要求的樣品量。任何剩餘的材料都將被處理掉。
## [SGS Beta樣本保留期限是多久？](#collapse11)
當寄送的原始樣品量和/或預處理後的樣品量足以允許進行存檔時，實驗室將在報告/結果發布後保存樣品30個日曆日。 [作為內部品質保證的其中一個項目](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)，實驗室會在需要時進行備份分析或進行額外的調查。請注意：Beta實驗室不會存檔或保留水樣。
**在保留期過後，所有的樣品袋和剩餘的樣品材料（原始和預處理過的）都將焚燒處理。**
**溝通和樣品處置** – 如果有待處理的溝通而且沒有收到客戶關於如何繼續進行的回覆，Beta實驗室將在6個月後處理掉樣品。
## [我們應該發送二次抽樣指令嗎](#collapseTwelve12)
根據需要發送子採樣指令。除非另有說明，否則實驗室將對提交的材料進行二次採樣，就分析方法而言取得合理的數量。如果有任何特殊說明以確保二次樣品最能代表客戶的利益，請在分析前與實驗室討論。由於實驗室不可能是所有製造過程和產品的專家，因此分析代表性次樣品的責任在於客戶/申請者。
#### • **運輸和所需的貨櫃**
## [樣品要寄到哪裡？分析在哪裡進行？](#collapse12)
我們在世界各地設有多個轉運站，但僅在美國佛羅里達州邁阿密的總部進行測試。如果您在歐洲，請將樣品寄至我們的馬德里辦公室。如果您在台灣，請將樣品寄至我們的台北辦公室。如果您在日本，請將樣品寄至我們的名古屋辦公室。我們在英國和韓國也設有轉運辦事處。
請注意：生質燃料需要直接寄送到美國邁阿密的Beta實驗室，因為Beta實驗室的國際轉運辦事處無法處理這些樣品。
## [Beta實驗室是否負責客戶包裹的美國海關清關？](#collapse13)
不。請確認您選擇的貨運公司會負責美國海關的清關作業。歡迎您與我們聯繫以獲取運輸建議。
如果不是透過Beta實驗室的轉運辦事處寄送的國際貨件，我們將不負責清關或運輸費用。透過貨運代理安排的貨物必須按照 [DDP條款](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)寄送。托運方需負責處理放行貨物的行政要求。
如果您需要將樣品直接寄到邁阿密，請在運單及發票上註明:“Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
貨物價值: 1 美元
海關稅則(HS code) – 280300
## [您需要什麼容器來盛裝含有揮發性有機化合物 (VOC) 的液體？ ](#collapseFourteen14)
1 mL玻璃微量樣本瓶，帶有特氟龍內墊的鉗口。需裝滿容器(頂部不留空氣)。
您可以使用此 [網頁](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html)內的樣本瓶。切勿使用內襯是紙板，一側有鋁箔面的瓶蓋。紙板已黏貼在瓶蓋上。此類樣本瓶不適用於揮發性液體，因為蒸汽會溶解黏膠並在運輸過程中污染樣品。通常也不建議將透明卡扣蓋用於燃料。
## [不含 VOC 的液體樣品需要什麼容器？ ](#collapseFourteen15)
您可以使用此 [網頁](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html)內的樣本瓶。正確包裹樣本瓶以防止在運輸過程中破損。
如果您使用小容量螺旋蓋瓶，請確保它們的瓶蓋襯墊是由矽膠和特氟龍或其他穩定化學材料製成的。切勿使用內襯是紙板，一側有鋁箔面的瓶蓋。紙板已黏貼在瓶蓋上。
## [哪些樣品符合「最低限度運送」條件？ ](#collapseFourteen16)
如果樣品被國際航空運輸協會 (IATA)指定為危險品，則需將樣品直接寄到美國屬於IATA除外數量代碼 E1、E2、E4 或 E5 的危險物質以及包裝組 II 和 III 的危險物質符合最低限度的運輸條件。 若以最低限度運送到我們的邁阿密實驗室，樣本量不得超過 1 毫升，並且包裝必須遵循 危險品法規中的指南，在洩漏時具有足夠的吸收性，並且足夠堅固以防止破損。最低限度運送不需要特別標籤說明。更詳細的說明，請參閱IATA危險品運送指南。
當您直接將樣品寄往美國時，請確保您選擇的運輸公司承擔美國海關清關包裹的全部責任。歡迎您聯絡我們取得運送建議。
## [應該使用什麼報關單？ ](#collapseFourteen17)
如果您需要將樣品直接寄到邁阿密，請在運單及發票上註明:“Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
貨物價值: 1 美元
海關稅則(HS code) – 280300
#### • **線上申請表**
## [我們需要選擇哪一種分析標準？](#collapse15)
不同的分析標準適用於不同種類的樣品。例如: [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766) 僅適用於生質溶劑，而 ASTM D6866 則適用於絕大多數的產品，包括氣體。這些標準在生質含量百分比的計算上也略有不同。某些標準提供的是生質碳佔樣品中總有機碳（TOC）的含量，而其他標準則提供生質碳佔樣品中總碳（TC）的含量。
測試標準依照認證標籤不同而異。例如: 幾乎所有的歐洲認證標籤都建議使用CEN標準。目前美國USDA [生物優先自願標籤計畫](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) 只使用ASTM D6866測試。
#### • **使用碳14分析分辨天然與人工合成**
## [碳14測試與其他檢測摻假的方法有何不同？](#collapse16)
只有碳14測試可以驗證產品是否為石化來源（人工合成），而其他方法只能檢測天然來源的摻假。為了區別不同的天然摻假物，還需要進行其他化學分析，例如穩定同位素分析。
更多相關內容： [常用的鑑別方法 – 非碳14測試不可嗎？](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [天然來源測試結果會顯示產品的實際成分嗎？](#collapse17)
不會。測試結果只顯示生質（如植物、動物）來源與石化來源（如石油）的百分比。碳14測試結果不提供任何有關產品配方或個別成分的數據。
#### • **氣體與廢棄物衍生燃料的可再生碳測試**
## [實驗室提供氣體樣品袋嗎?](#collapse18)
沒有。請自行購買Tedlar材質的氣體樣品袋。
## [實驗室提供現場採樣服務嗎?](#collapse19)
沒有，Beta實驗室不提供現場採樣服務。
## [寄送二氧化碳(CO2 )氣體還是固體樣品比較好? ](#collapse20)
這取決於焚化何種材料而產生的排放。氣體樣品與廢棄物樣品（如城市固體廢物）相比，均勻性更高、取樣更簡單。
## [廢氣排放或廢物衍生燃料測試應該多久測一次？](#collapse21)
測試頻率取決於當地的現行法規或採行的溫室氣體措施。
*相關主題: 2026年3月*
---
### [FAQ sur l'analyse du carbone 14 et les services de Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Frais d’analyse et modes de paiement**
## [Beta facture-t-il des frais d’annulation ?](#collapse1)
Les analyses sont lancées immédiatement après réception des échantillons afin de garantir au mieux les délais annoncés. Cela signifie que des frais sont également encourus dès la réception des échantillons. Les modifications de commande sont acceptées, mais veuillez noter que des frais partiels ou totaux s’appliqueront en fonction de la quantité de travail réalisé au moment de la demande de modification.
## [Quelles sont les méthodes de paiement de Beta ?](#collapse2)
Nous recommandons le paiement par virement bancaire ou par carte de crédit. Pour plus de détails sur nos conditions de paiement, veuillez consulter [cette page](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Résultats et rapports**
## [Beta informe-t-il les clients de la date prévue pour la livraison des résultats ?](#collapse3)
Un représentant Beta vous contactera pour confirmer l’arrivée en toute sécurité de vos échantillons à MIAMI et vous indiquer une date de livraison des résultats. Les délais indiqués commencent le jour suivant la réception au laboratoire de Miami, hors week-ends. Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour suivant.
## [Pouvons-nous suivre l’état de nos échantillons au laboratoire ? ](#collapse4)
Oui. Connectez-vous à l’espace client de notre site web, puis sélectionnez “Voir le suivi” sur le tableau de bord.
## [Votre laboratoire a analysé nos produits dans le passé en utilisant une ancienne version d’une norme analytique (par exemple, ASTM D6866-12). Pouvez-vous ajuster le contenu biosourcé certifié du produit à l’aide du
nouveau facteur de correction ?](#collapse5)
Non. Les agences de certification et les programmes d’écolabel peuvent exiger que les produits soient à nouveau analysés en utilisant la dernière version de la norme analytique qu’ils recommandent. Avant d’envoyer des échantillons à SGS Beta, veuillez contacter l’organisme de certification ou le programme d’écolabel pour vérifier si une nouvelle analyse est nécessaire.
#### • **Échantillons et documentation**
## [Beta accepte-t-il des échantillons contenant des composés organiques volatils (COV)
et d’autres composants volatils?](#collapse6)
Si vous souhaitez analyser les COV de votre produit, veuillez nous consulter avant d’envoyer l’échantillon. Nous ne pouvons analyser que les gaz envoyés sous forme de CO2 (soit purs soit dans des mélanges d’air).
Une analyse précise nécessite de récupérer tout le carbone disponible dans le produit. Si un composant biosourcé est volatil et qu’un composant pétrolier ne l’est pas, la teneur biosourcée mesurée du produit sera trop faible si les volatils ne sont pas récupérés dans la même proportion que les composants pétroliers non volatils. Des procédures spéciales sont facilement appliquées pour manipuler de tels échantillons, mais le laboratoire doit être informé de leur utilisation, par ex. désinfectants pour les mains par évaporation. Notez qu’il est de la seule responsabilité du demandeur de fournir ces informations au laboratoire.
## [Que faire avant d’envoyer des échantillons dangereux ?](#collapse7)
Il est très important de nous informer avant d’expédier des échantillons dangereux afin que nous puissions vous communiquer les instructions et l’adresse d’expédition. Les échantillons doivent être expédiés aux États-Unis s’ils sont désignés comme dangereux par l’International Air Transport Association (IATA). Les substances dangereuses avec les codes de quantité exceptée IATA E1, E2, E4 ou E5 et celles des groupes d’emballage II et III sont éligibles pour l’expédition De Minimis. Pour faire un envoi De Minimis à notre bureau de Miami, le volume d’échantillon ne doit pas dépasser 1 ml et l’emballage doit suivre les directives du [Règlement sur les marchandises dangereuses](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) , et être suffisamment absorbant en cas de fuite et suffisamment solide pour éviter la casse. Aucun étiquetage spécial n’est requis pour les envois De Minimis. Pour plus d’informations, veuillez consulter la réglementation IATA sur les marchandises dangereuses.
## [Une FDS est-elle nécessaire ?](#collapse8)
Les produits chimiques doivent être accompagnés d’une FDS. Nous devons avoir une copie dans nos dossiers. Vous pouvez envoyer une copie par e-mail à votre gestionnaire de compte Beta ou la poster sur votre formulaire en ligne.
## [Beta accepte-t-il des échantillons contenant des matériaux cancérigènes ?](#collapse9)
Notre laboratoire ne dispose pas des installations nécessaires pour manipuler ou éliminer certaines matières dangereuses et, à ce titre, nous ne pouvons pas accepter de matériaux cancérigènes ou nécessitant des procédures d’élimination spéciales. Dans le cas de matériaux hautement inflammables ou de certains matériaux toxiques (par exemple les phénols), nous pouvons accepter de très petites quantités afin que leur élimination ne soit pas problématique. Cependant, veuillez nous contacter avant d’envoyer les échantillons pour discuter de la quantité à envoyer.
## [Est-ce que Beta retourne des échantillons sur demande ?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta ne renverra PAS les matériaux inutilisés, prétraités ou non. Le client doit soumettre exactement la quantité requise par le laboratoire. Tout matériau excédentaire sera éliminé.
## [Quelle est notre durée de conservation des échantillons ?](#collapse11)
Lorsque la quantité de matériau envoyée est suffisante pour permettre l’archivage d’une petite quantité d’échantillon d’origine et/ou prétraité excédentaire, nous archiverons l’échantillon pendant 30 jours calendaires à compter de la date de communication / publication des résultats. Cette mesure interne [d’Assurance Qualité](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/lab-qa.html) permet la réalisation d’analyses supplémentaires, si nécessaire. Remarque : Beta n’archive pas et ne conserve pas les échantillons d’eau.
**A la fin de cette période de conservation, tous les emballages et les échantillons (prétraités ou non) seront éliminés par incinération.**
**Communication et élimination des échantillons** – SGS Beta éliminera les échantillons après 6 mois d’attente de communication si aucune réponse n’a été reçue du client sur la façon de procéder.
## [Devons-nous envoyer des instructions de sous-échantillonnage ?](#collapseTwelve12)
Envoyez des instructions de sous-échantillonnage si nécessaire. Sauf instruction contraire, nous sous-échantillonnerons le produit envoyé dans une quantité acceptable pour la méthode d’analyse. S’il existe des instructions spéciales visant à s’assurer que le sous-échantillon représente au mieux les intérêts du client, veuillez en discuter avec le laboratoire avant l’analyse. Étant donné que le laboratoire ne peut pas être expert dans tous les processus de fabrication et tous les produits, la responsabilité de l’analyse d’un sous-échantillon représentatif incombe au client.
#### • **Expédition et conteneurs requis**
## [A quelle adresse faut-il envoyer les échantillons ? Où l’analyse est-elle réalisée ?](#collapse12)
Nous avons plusieurs bureaux dans le monde, mais les analyses ne sont réalisées qu’au siège de Miami, en Floride. Si vous êtes en Europe, veuillez envoyer vos échantillons à notre Germany. Pour la Chine, veuillez les envoyer à notre adresse de Xiamen. Pour le Japon, envoyez les échantillons à notre agent à Nagoya. Nous avons également d’autres bureaux au Royaume-Uni, au Corée du Sud.
Remarque : les biocarburants doivent être expédiés directement au laboratoire de Miami, car les bureaux d’expédition internationaux de Beta ne sont pas équipés pour gérer ces matériaux.
## [Beta est-il chargé de dédouaner le colis d’un client auprès de la douane américaine ?](#collapse13)
Non. Veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assure le dédouanement du colis auprès des douanes américaines lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux États-Unis. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour tout conseil concernant l’envoi.
Beta n’est pas responsable du dédouanement ou des frais de transport des envois internationaux qui ne passent pas par l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition. Les envois organisés par l’intermédiaire d’un transitaire doivent être envoyés selon les [conditions DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) (Rendu Droits Acquittés). L’expéditeur est responsable de la gestion des exigences administratives pour la mainlevée de l’envoi.
Lors d’un envoi direct à Miami, veuillez utiliser cette mention pour la déclaration en douane : “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valeur douanière et transport : 1 USD
Numéro tarifaire harmonisé (code SH) – 280300
## [Peut-on envoyer des biocarburants à un bureau d’expédition Beta ?](#collapse14)
Non. Les échantillons doivent être expédiés directement au laboratoire à Miami, car les bureaux d’expédition internationaux de Beta ne sont pas équipés pour manipuler les biocarburants.
Merci d’expédier vos échantillons en respectant les directives indiquées pour les “envois de minimis” et de nous communiquer le nom du transporteur et le numéro de suivi.
Les substances dangereuses avec les codes de quantités exemptées E1, E2, E4 ou E5 de l’Association du transport aérien international (IATA) ainsi que les substances correspondant aux groupes d’emballage II et III sont éligibles pour un envoi de minimis. Pour un envoi de minimis vers notre bureau de Miami, le volume de l’échantillon ne doit pas dépasser 1 mL et l’emballage doit respecter les directives indiquées dans le [Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html), être suffisamment absorbant en cas de fuite et assez solide pour éviter tout endommagement. Aucun étiquetage spécial n’est requis pour un envoi de minimis. Pour des informations détaillées, veuillez consulter le Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses de l’IATA.
## [Quels sont les contenants requis pour les liquides contenant des composés organiques volatils (COV) ? ](#collapseFourteen14)
Flacon pour micro-échantillon en verre de 1 ml avec un bouchon à sertir doté d’un septum doublé de téflon. Le flacon doit être plein (sans espace vide).
Vous trouverez [ici](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html) d’autres exemples de flacons. N’utilisez pas de flacons dont les bouchons sont doublés d’un morceau de carton avec une face en aluminium sur un côté. Le côté carton serait collé au bouchon. Ils ne conviennent pas aux liquides volatils car les vapeurs peuvent dissoudre la colle et contaminer l’échantillon pendant le transport. Les bouchons à pression ne sont également généralement pas recommandés pour les carburants.
## [De quels récipients avez-vous besoin pour les échantillons liquides SANS COV ? ](#collapseFourteen15)
Vous pouvez également utiliser les flacons disponibles sur ce [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Assurez-vous que vos flacons sont munis de bouchons à pression ou d’une fermeture étanche afin d’éviter toute fuite.
Si vous utilisez des flacons à bouchon à vis à faible volume, assurez-vous que le revêtement du bouchon est non réactif en silicone et en téflon ou en un autre matériau chimiquement non réactif. N’utilisez pas de flacons dont les bouchons sont doublés d’un morceau de carton avec une face en aluminium sur un côté. Le côté carton est collé au bouchon.
## [Quels échantillons sont éligibles à la « expédition de minimis » ? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Les substances dangereuses avec les codes de quantités exemptées E1, E2, E4 ou E5 de l’Association du transport aérien international (IATA) ainsi que les substances correspondant aux groupes d’emballage II et III sont éligibles pour un envoi de minimis. Pour un envoi de minimis vers notre bureau de Miami, le volume de l’échantillon ne doit pas dépasser 1 mL et l’emballage doit respecter les directives indiquées dans le Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses, être suffisamment absorbant en cas de fuite et assez solide pour éviter tout endommagement. Aucun étiquetage spécial n’est requis pour un envoi de minimis. Pour des informations détaillées, veuillez consulter le Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses de l’IATA.
Lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux Etats-Unis, veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assume l’entière responsabilité du dédouanement du colis aux douanes américaines. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour tout renseignement sur la procédure d’envoi.
## [Quelle déclaration en douane utiliser? ](#collapseFourteen17)
Lors d’un envoi direct à Miami, veuillez utiliser cette mention pour la déclaration en douane : “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valeur douanière et transport : 1 USD
Numéro tarifaire harmonisé (code SH) – 280300
#### • **Formulaire en ligne**
## [Quelle norme analytique devons-nous sélectionner ?](#collapse15)
Différentes normes analytiques s’appliquent à différents types de produits. Par exemple, [la norme EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-normes-biosourcees.html#EN16766) s’applique uniquement aux solvents biosourcés alors que la norme ASTM D6866 s’applique à presque tous les produits, gaz y compris. Les normes présentent également de légères différences dans le calcul du pourcentage biosourcé. Certaines normes rapportent les résultats comme fraction du carbone organique total (COT) tandis que d’autres rapportent les résultats comme fraction du carbone total (TC) présent dans le matériau.
La norme analytique dépend du programme que vous choisirez. Par exemple, la plupart des programmes en Europe recommandent une norme analytique CEN. Le programme [d’étiquetage volontaire BioPreferred de l’USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html) utilise uniquement l’analyse ASTM D6866 pour le moment.
#### • **Analyse de l’origine naturelle vs. synthétique d’un produit par analyse du carbone 14**
## [En quoi l’analyse du carbone 14 est-elle différente des autres méthodes d’analyse
utilisées pour détecter l’adultération?](#collapse16)
Seule l’analyse du carbone 14 peut vérifier si l’adultération est due à des sources fossiles (synthétiques) alors que les autres méthodes ne peuvent détecter que les adultérants d’origine naturelle. Pour faire la distinction entre différents adultérants naturels, d’autres analyses chimiques sont nécessaires, par ex. l’analyse des isotopes stables.
Vous pourriez également être intéressé à lire : [Méthodes d’analyse d’authenticité – l’analyse du carbone 14 est-elle nécessaire ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [Les résultats des analyses de l’origine naturelle montrent-ils les ingrédients réellement contenus dans le produit ?](#collapse17)
Non. Les résultats des analyses ne montrent que le pourcentage d’ingrédients provenant de la biomasse (par exemple : plantes, animaux) par rapport aux composants provenant de sources fossiles (par exemple dérivés du pétrole). Les résultats des analyses du carbone 14 ne fournissent aucune donnée concernant la formulation du produit ou les ingrédients.
#### • **Analyse sur le carbone renouvelable des gaz et des combustibles résiduaires**
## [Fournissez-vous des sacs Tedlar ?](#collapse18)
Non. Vous pouvez acheter des sacs Tedlar auprès de n’importe quel fournisseur.
## [Pouvez-vous venir prélever les échantillons sur site ?](#collapse19)
Non, l’échantillonnage de gaz ne fait pas partie des services de SGS Beta.
## [Est-il préférable d’envoyer des échantillons de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) ou des échantillons solides ?](#collapse20)
Cela dépend des matériaux incinérés pour générer les émissions. Les échantillons de gaz sont plus homogènes et moins compliqués à sous-échantillonner que les échantillons dérivés de déchets comme les déchets solides municipaux.
## [À quelle fréquence devons-nous analyser nos émissions ou nos combustibles dérivés de déchets ?](#collapse21)
La fréquence des tests dépend des réglementations en vigueur dans votre état ou région ou des initiatives relatives aux gaz à effet de serre sélectionnées pour cette application.
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: mars 2026*
---
### [基於碳14分析的生質測試標準](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/test-standards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## 國際標準
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- 此標準最初是為美國農業部生物優先採購專案(USDA BioPreferred Program)而開發的
- 適用於各類產品(固體、液體、氣體)
- 測量樣品中生質碳占總有機碳的百分比
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- 適用於塑膠製品、聚合物及添加劑
- ISO 16620-2 測試結果可顯示生質碳占總碳或占總有機碳的百分比
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- 適用於橡膠及橡膠製品，包括聚氨酯
- 測量樣品中生質碳占總碳的百分比
## 歐洲標準
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- 適用於所有生質製品
- 測量樣品中的生質碳含量占總碳含量的百分比
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766)
- 依據EN 16640或EN 16785-1標準進行生質碳含量分析
- 僅適用於生質溶劑
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- 該標準參考EN 16640的放射性碳測試分析
- 適用於任何含碳的固態、液態和氣態產品
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16807)
- 依據ASTM D6866或EN 16640標準進行生質碳含量分析
- 僅適用於生質潤滑劑
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN17035)
- 該標準參考EN 16640與EN 16785-1進行生質碳含量分析
- 僅適用於生質界面活性劑
## 其他相關測試標準（SGS Beta暫時不提供）
- [ASTM D7026-04: ASTM D6866的隨附指南](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: ASTM D6866的隨附指南") (2020年撤回）
- ASTM D6400
*最後更新2025年7月*
---
### [炭素14分析法に基づくバイオベース試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/test-standards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## 国際規格
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- USDA BioPreferred Programのためにアメリカで作成された規格
- 全てのタイプ（固体、液体、気体）の製品に適用可能
- サンプル中の全有機炭素（TOC）の割合としてバイオベース炭素の割合（％）を測定
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- プラスチック製品、ポリマー、添加剤に適用可能
- ISO 16620-2分析では、バイオベースの炭素含有量を全炭素含有量（TC）または全有機炭素含有量（TOC）の割合として表す
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- ポリウレタンを含むゴムおよびゴム製品に適用可能
- 全炭素含有量（TC）の割合としてバイオベース炭素の割合（％）を測定
## ヨーロッパ規格
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- すべてのバイオベース製品に適用可能
- バイオベースの炭素含有量を全炭素含有量（TC）の割合として測定
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766)
- EN 16640 もしくは EN 16785-1に基づいてバイオベース炭素濃度試験が行われます。
- バイオベース溶媒のみに適用されます。
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- 放射性炭素分析用のEN 16640を参照
- 炭素を含むあらゆる固体、液体および気体製品に適用可能
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16807)
- ASTM D6866 もしくは EN 16640に基づいてバイオベース炭素濃度試験が行われます。
- バイオベース潤滑油のみに適用されます。
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN17035)
- この規格はバイオベース炭素濃度試験のためのEN 16640 および EN 16785-1 を参照します。
- バイオベース界面活性剤のみに適用されます。
## 関連する試験規格（SGS Betaでは対応不可）
- [ASTM D7026-04: A companion guide of ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: A companion guide of ASTM D6866") (2020に取り下げ)
- ASTM D6400
*最終更新：2025年7月*
---
### [방사성탄소 분석을 통한 바이오기반 실험 표준방식](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/test-standards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## 국제 표준방식
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- 미국 농무성의 USDA BioPreferred 프로그램을 위해 미국에서 개발한 표준방식.
- 모든 형태의 제품 가능. (고체, 액체, 기체)
- 시료의 전체 유기 탄소 (Total organic Carbon) 중 바이오기반 탄소를 퍼센트로 측정.
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- 플라스틱 제품, 폴리머, 첨가제에 적용.
- ISO 16620-2 은 전체 유기 탄소 (Total Organic Carbon), 혹은 전체 탄소 (Total Carbon) 함량 중, 바이오기반 탄소 함량을 표시.
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- 고무나 폴리우레탄을 포함한 고무 제품에 적용.
- 전체 탄소 (Total Carbon) 중, 바이오기반 탄소 함량을 표시.
## 유럽 표준방식
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- 모든 바이오기반 제품에 적용.
- 전체 탄소 (Total Carbon) 함량 중, 바이오기반 탄소 함량으로 표시.
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766)
- EN 16640 혹은 EN16785-1에 따라 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험이 행해집니다.
- 단지 바이오기반 솔벤트에만 적용됩니다.
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- 이 표준방식은 방사성탄소 분석을 통한 EN 16640 참고자료.
- 탄소를 포함한 모든 고체, 액체, 기체에 적용.
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16807)
- ASTM D6866 혹은 EN 16640에 따라 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험이 행해집니다.
- 단지 바이오기반 윤활유에만 적용됩니다.
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN17035)
- 이 표준 방식은 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험에 관해 EN 16640 혹은 EN 16785-1을 참고로 만들어졌습니다.
- 단지 바이오기반 계면활성제에만 적용됩니다
## 관련 실험 표준방식 (서비스 제공 안함)
- [ASTM D7026-04: ASTM D6866 참고자료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: ASTM D6866 참고자료") (2020년 중단됨)
- ASTM D6400
*2025년 7월 업데이트*
---
### [Normas de análises de carbono biobaseado com o método carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/normas-de-analises.html)
**Published:** July 10, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## Normas internacionais
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- Norma desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos originalmente para o programa USDA BioPreferred
- Aplicável a todos os tipos de produtos (sólidos, liquidos, gases)
- Mede a porcentagem de carbono biobaseado como fração de carbono orgânico total em uma amostra
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- Aplicável a produtos plásticos, polímeros e aditivos
- A análise ISO 16620-2 expressa o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração do carbono total ou carbono orgânico total da amostra
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- Aplicável a borracha e produtos de borracha, inclusive poliuretanos
- Mede o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração do carbono total
## Normas Europeias
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- Aplicável a todos os produtos biobaseados
- Mede o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração do carbono total
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16766)
- A análise do teor de carbono biobaseado é realizada segundo as normas EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1
- Aplicável apenas a solventes biobaseados
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- Tem o padrão EN 16640 como referência para a análise de radiocarbono
- Aplicável a qualquer produto sólido, líquido ou gasoso que contenha carbono
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16807)
- A medição do teor de carbono biobaseado é realizada segundo as normas ASTM D6866 ou EN 16640
- Aplicável apenas a lubrificantes biobaseados
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN17035)
- Essa norma cita as normas EN 16640 e EN 16785-1 para as análises de teor de carbono biobasedo
- Aplica-se somente a tensoativos biobaseados
## Normas de análises relacionadas (não oferecidas pelo SGS Beta)
- [ASTM D7026-04: Guia de apoio para a norma ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: Guia de apoio para a norma ASTM D6866") (revogada em 2020)
- ASTM D6400
*Última atualização: julho de 2025*
---
### [Norme per il test biobased basate sull'analisi del carbonio-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/standard-analisi.html)
**Published:** July 10, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## Norme internazionali
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- Standard originariamente sviluppato negli Stati Uniti per il programma USDA BioPreferred
- Applicabile a tutti i tipi di prodotti (solidi, liquidi, gas)
- Misura la percentuale di carbonio biobased sul carbonio organico totale presente nel campione
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- Applicabile a plastiche, polimeri e additivi
- L’analisi ISO 16620-2 esprime il contenuto di carbonio biobased sotto forma di frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- Applicabile ai prodotti in gomma, inclusi i poliuretani
- Esprime il contenuto di carbonio biobased sotto forma di frazione del carbonio totale
## Norme europee
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- Applicabile a tutti i prodotti biobased
- Esprime il contenuto di carbonio biobased sotto forma di frazione del carbonio totale
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-biobased-standard.html#EN16766)
- L’analisi del carbonio biobased viene effettuata in conformità con EN 16640 o EN 16785-1.
- Applicabile solo ai solventi biobased
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- Questo standard fa riferimento alla norma EN 16640 per la parte relativa all’analisi del radiocarbonio
- Applicabile a qualsiasi prodotto solido, liquido o gassoso contenente carbonio
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-biobased-standard.html#EN16807)
- L’analisi del carbonio biobased viene effettuata in conformità con ASTM D6866 o EN 16640
- Applicabile solo ai lubrificanti biobased
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-biobased-standard.html#EN17035)
- Questo standard fa riferimento alle norme EN 16640 e EN 16785-1 per l’analisi del carbonio biobased
- Applicabile solo ai tensioattivi biobased
## Norme di analisi correlate (non offerte da SGS Beta)
- [ASTM D7026-04: complementare ad ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: complementare ad ASTM D6866") (ritirato nel 2020)
- ASTM D6400
*Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2025*
---
### [Normes d’analyse du carbone biosourcé selon la méthode du carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/normes-analyse.html)
**Published:** July 10, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## Normes internationales
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- Norme élaborée aux Etats-Unis initialement pour le programme USDA BioPreferred
- S’applique à tous les types de produits (solides, liquides, gazeux)
- Mesure le % de carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone organique total dans un échantillon
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- S’applique aux produits en plastique, polymères et additifs
- L’analyse ISO 16620-2 indique la teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total ou du carbone organique total
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- S’applique au caoutchouc et produits en caoutchouc, y compris les polyuréthanes
- Mesure la teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total
## Normes européennes
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- S’applique à tous les produits biosourcés
- Mesure la teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-normes-biosourcees.html#EN16766)
- L’analyse de la teneur en carbone biosourcé est effectuée selon la norme EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1
- Applicable uniquement aux solvants biosourcés
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- Cette norme référence la norme EN 16640 pour l’analyse du radiocarbone
- S’applique à tout produit solide, liquide ou gazeux contenant du carbone
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-normes-biosourcees.html#EN16807)
- L’analyse de la teneur en carbone biosourcé est effectuée selon la norme ASTM D6866 ou EN 16640
- Applicable uniquement aux lubrifiants biosourcés
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-normes-biosourcees.html#EN17035)
- Cette norme référence les normes EN 16640 et EN 16785-1 pour l’analyse de la teneur en carbone biosourcé
- Applicable uniquement aux tensioactifs biosourcés
## Normes d’analyse associées (non proposées par SGS Beta)
- [ASTM D7026-04: Un guide d’accompagnement de l’ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: Un guide d’accompagnement de l’ASTM D6866") (retiré en 2020)
- ASTM D6400
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: juillet 2025*
---
### [Normas de análisis de contenido de base biológica basadas en Carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/normas-de-analisis.html)
**Published:** July 10, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## Normas internacionales
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- Norma desarrollada en Estados Unidos originalmente para el programa USDA BioPreferred
- Aplicable a todo tipo de productos (sólidos, líquidos, gases)
- Mide el % de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono orgánico total en una muestra
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- Aplicable a productos plásticos, polímeros y aditivos
- El análisis conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2 expresa el contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del contenido de carbono total o del contenido de carbono orgánico total
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- Aplicable a caucho y productos de caucho, incluyendo poliuretanos
- Mide el contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono total
## Normas europeas
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- Aplicable a todos los productos de base biológica
- Mide el contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del contenido de carbono total
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16766)
- El análisis de contenido de carbono de base biológica se realiza conforme a las normas EN 16640 o EN 16785-1
- Aplicable solamente a solventes de base biológica
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- Esta norma cita al estándar EN 16640 para análisis de radiocarbono
- Aplicable a cualquier producto sólido, líquido o gaseoso que contenga carbono
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16807)
- La medición del contenido de carbono de base biológica se lleva a cabo siguiendo los lineamientos de las normas ASTM D6866 o EN 16640
- Aplicable solamente a lubricantes de base biológica
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN17035)
- Esta norma cita las normas EN 16640 y EN 16785-1 para análisis de contenido de carbono de base biológica
- Aplicable solamente a surfactantes de base biológica
## Normas de análisis relacionadas (no ofrecidas por SGS Beta)
- [ASTM D7026-04: Una guía de apoyo para la norma ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: Una guía de apoyo para la norma ASTM D6866") (revocada en 2020)
- ASTM D6400
*Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2025*
---
### [Biobasierte Prüfstandards basierend auf der Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/pruefstandards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
## Internationale Standards
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
- Ein Standard, der in den USA ursprünglich für das USDA BioPreferred Program entwickelt wurde
- Anwendbar für alle Arten von Produkten (Feststoffe, Flüssigkeiten, Gase)
- Misst den prozentualen Anteil von biobasiertem Kohlenstoff am gesamten organischen Kohlenstoff in einer Probe
[ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620")
- Anwendbar auf Kunststoffprodukte, Polymere und Additive
- Die ISO 16620-2-Analyse drückt den Anteil an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff, als Bruchteil des Gesamtkohlenstoffgehalts oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs aus
[ISO 19984](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-19984.html "ISO 19984")
- Anwendbar auf Gummi und Gummiprodukte, einschließlich Polyurethane
- Misst den Anteil an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff als Anteil am gesamten Kohlenstoff
## Europäische Standards
[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html "EN 16640")
- Anwendbar auf alle biobasierten Produkte
- Misst den Anteil an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff als Anteil am Gesamtkohlenstoffgehalt
[EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-biobasierte-entwickelt.html#EN16766)
- Die Prüfung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts erfolgt gemäß EN 16640 oder EN 16785-1
- Nur anwendbar auf biobasierte Lösemittel
[EN 16785](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/en-16785.html "EN 16785")
- Diese Norm bezieht sich auf EN 16640 für die Analyse von Radiokohlenwasserstoffen
- Anwendbar auf alle festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Produkte, die Kohlenstoff enthalten
[EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-biobasierte-entwickelt.html#EN16807)
- Die Prüfung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts erfolgt gemäß ASTM D6866 oder EN 16640
- Nur anwendbar auf biobasierte Schmierstoffe
[EN 17035](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-biobasierte-entwickelt.html#EN17035)
- Diese Norm bezieht sich auf EN 16640 und EN 16785-1 für die Prüfung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts
- Nur anwendbar auf biobasierte Tenside
## Verwandte Prüfstandards (nicht von SGS Beta angeboten)
- [ASTM D7026-04: Eine begleitende Anleitung zu ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d7026.html "ASTM D7026-04: Eine begleitende Anleitung zu ASTM D6866") (zurückgezogen 2020)
- ASTM D6400
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juli 2025*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** March 4, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – 塑膠&其他產品的生質含量測試
測量%生質碳與%化石碳
[聯絡我們取得詳細資訊](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- ISO 16620適用於測量塑膠製品、聚合物和添加劑等產品的生質碳含量。
- 透過使用碳-14分析，本標準還可用於驗證香精、香料、補充劑、飲料和其他產品的天然來源與石化衍生成分的比例。
- SGS Beta實驗室提供快速、準確的ISO 16620-2 生質測試。
## 塑膠的 ISO 16620 標準
國際標準化組織 (ISO) 發佈了一系列針對塑膠生質含量的標準。其中一種標準可以確認來自可再生資源或生質的塑膠材料中，碳的準確百分比:
- ISO 16620-2:2019 塑膠 — 生質含量 — 第 2 部分：生質碳含量的測定
ISO 16620-2 包含碳 14 分析，並將生質碳含量表示為樣品質量、總碳含量或總有機碳含量的分量。 此標準適用於塑膠產品、聚合物樹脂、單體或添加劑，這些材料是由生質基或化石基成分製成的。該標準可於[ISO網站](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html)付費下載。
## ISO 16620-2如何檢測石油衍生合成物質？
ISO 16620-2以碳-14分析檢測材料中的人造物質。完全來自生物質的材料(如植物萃取物)具有已知的碳-14濃度，並根據ISO 16620-2提供了100%生質。另一方面，完全由石油衍生成分製成的材料不含碳-14，且生質含量為0%。由生物質（例如植物萃取物）和石油基化學品製成的產品，其生質含量在0%到100%之間，與產品中每種成分的含量成正比。
ISO 16620-2並不區分天然產品是否源自特定植物、動物或微生物材料。此非含量規格分析。ISO 16620-2報告顯示了產品中天然來源（生質含量）與合成石油衍生含量的百分比。
### 準備好將產品申請ISO 16620-2測試?
樣品尺寸、建議容器和其他細節,請參閱我們的 [塑料產品](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)和[天然成分](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/samples.html)申請測試指南。
### SGS Beta實驗室的高品質 ISO 16620-2 測試
我們是ISO/IEC 17025:2017認證實驗室，會在7個工作日或更短時間內交付報告結果,同時您的個人線上帳戶中包含了品質保證報告。您也可以選擇優先服務，在4個工作日或更短時間內即可獲得結果。
客戶支援提供英文、中文、法文、德文、意大利文、日文、韓文、葡萄牙文和西班牙文。
### 依據ISO 16620-2方法C報告的結果
SGS Beta使用加速器質譜儀(AMS)，於ISO 16620-2標準中稱為方法C。我們依據ISO 16620-2 8.3.2測量同位素比率並報告結果:生質碳含量占[總碳或總有機碳](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)的分量。我們並不報告碳-14占總碳的質量分量。
*SGS Beta實驗室不隸屬於 ISO 或其技術委員會。*
高品質實驗室
#### SGS Beta提供符合ISO 16620標準的測試和優先服務。
[請求報價](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
相關主題: 2025年11月
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Análise de teor biobaseado de plásticos e outros produtos
Medir% Carbono de base biológica vs% de carbono fóssil
[Entre em contato conosco para saber mais](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- O ISO 16620 mede o teor de carbono de base biológica de produtos plásticos, polímeros e aditivos.
- Com a análise por Carbono-14, essa norma também pode ser usada para verificar a origem natural, contraposta a componentes derivados de petroquímicos, de aromas, fragrâncias, suplementos, bebidas e outros produtos.
- O SGS Beta fornece teste ISO 16620-2 de base biológica de forma rápida e precisa.
## Norma ISO 16620 para Plásticos
A Organização Internacional de Normalização (ISO) publicou uma série de normas voltadas para o **conteúdo de base biológica** de plásticos. Uma das normas pode determinar a percentagem exata de carbono no material plástico proveniente de fontes renováveis ou biomassa:
- ISO 16620-2: 2019 Plastics — Biobased content – Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content (Plásticos – conteúdo de base biológica – Parte 2: Determinação do teor de carbono de base biológica)
ISO 16620-2 inclui **Carbono-14** e manifesta a análise do teor de carbono de base biológica como uma fração da massa da amostra, o conteúdo total de carbono, ou o conteúdo de carbono orgânico total. Esta norma é aplicável a produtos plásticos, resinas poliméricas, monómeros ou aditivos, que são feitos a partir de constituintes de base biológica ou de base fóssil. A norma está disponível para download no [site da ISO](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) por uma taxa.
## Como o ISO 16620-2 detecta substâncias sintéticas derivadas do petróleo?
O ISO 16620-2 detecta substâncias artificiais em materiais através da análise por carbono-14. Os materiais provenientes inteiramente de biomassa (como extratos vegetais) têm um nível conhecido de Carbono-14 e serão 100% de base biológica, de acordo com a ISO 16620-2. Por outro lado, materiais totalmente produzidos com componentes derivados de petróleo não contêm carbono-14, e são 0% de base biológica. Um produto feito de biomassa (extratos de plantas) e químicos derivados do petróleo apresenta um conteúdo de base biológica entre 0% e 100%, proporcional à quantidade de cada componente no produto.
A norma ISO 16620-2 não distingue se o produto é originário de plantas, animais ou materiais microbiológicos específicos. Não se trata de uma análise de especificação de conteúdo. O relatório ISO 16620-2 mostra a porcentagem que provém de fontes naturais (conteúdo de base biológica) comparado com o conteúdo sintético derivado de petróleo em um produto.
### Pronto para enviar seus produtos para testes conforme a ISO 16620-2?
Os tamanhos das amostras, os recipientes recomendados e outros detalhes podem ser encontrados em nossas diretrizes de envio para [Produtos Plásticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html) e [Ingredientes Naturais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/amostras.html).
### SGS Beta Teste De Alta Qualidade ISO 16620-2
O nosso laboratório acreditado ISO/IEC 17025:2017 reporta rotineiramente os resultados com relatórios de garantia de qualidade incluídos na sua conta pessoal online em 7 dias úteis ou menos. Um serviço prioritário está disponível para resultados exigidos em 4 dias úteis ou menos.
O suporte ao cliente está disponível em inglês, chinês, francês, alemão, italiano, japonês, coreano, português e espanhol.
### Resultados apresentados de acordo com o Método C da ISO 16620-2
A SGS Beta usa espectrometria de massa do acelerador (AMS), referida como Método C na norma ISO 16620-2. Medimos razões isotópicas e reportamos resultados de acordo com a ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: teor de carbono de base biológica como uma [fração de Carbono Total ou Carbono Orgânico Total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Não relatamos os resultados do Carbono-14 como uma fração do Carbono Total em massa.
*SGS Beta não é afiliado com ISO ou de suas comissões técnicas.*
LABORATÓRIO DE ALTA QUALIDADE
#### A SGS Beta oferece serviços padrão e prioritários para testes ISO 16620. o
[Solicitar cotaçã](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última atualização: novembro de 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Analyse du contenu biosourcé des plastiques et autres produits
Mesure du % de carbone biosourcé par rapport au % de carbone fossile
[Contactez-nous pour plus d’informations](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- La norme ISO 16620 mesure le contenu en carbone biosourcé des produits plastiques, polymères et additifs.
- Grâce à l’analyse du carbone 14, cette norme peut également être utilisée pour vérifier l’origine naturelle par rapport aux ingrédients dérivés de produits pétrochimiques des arômes, parfums, suppléments, boissons et autres produits.
- SGS Beta fournit des résulats d’analyse de contenu biosourcé rapides et exacts, selon la norme ISO 16620-2.
## Norme ISO 16620 pour les plastiques
L’Organisation internationale de normalisation (ISO) a publié une série de normes axées sur le **contenu biosourcé** des plastiques. L’une des normes permet de déterminer avec précision le pourcentage de carbone contenu dans le matériau plastique qui provient de sources renouvelables ou de la biomasse:
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Plastiques — Teneur biosourcée — Partie 2: Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé
La norme ISO 16620-2 comprend **l’analyse au carbone 14** et exprime le contenu en carbone biosourcé comme fraction de la masse de l’échantillon, du contenu en carbone total ou du contenu en carbone organique total. Cette norme s’applique aux produits plastiques, aux résines polymères, aux monomères et aux additifs fabriqués à partir de constituants biosourcés ou d’origine fossile. La norme est disponible en téléchargement sur le [site ISO](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) moyennant un supplément.
## Comment est-ce que l’ISO 16620-2 détecte les substances synthétiques dérivées du pétrole?
L’ISO 16620-2 détecte les substances artificielles dans les matériaux grâce à l’analyse au carbone-14. Les matériaux entièrement issus de la biomasse (tels que les extraits végétaux) présentent une teneur en carbone 14 connue et sont considérés comme étant biosourcés à 100 %, conformément à la norme ISO 16620-2. A l’inverse, les matériaux composés entièrement de dérivés de pétrole n’ont plus de carbone-14 et seront 0% biosourcé. Un produit composé de biomasse (extrait de plante) et de produits chimiques dérivés du pétrole donnera un résultat biosourcé entre 0% et 100% proportionnellement à la quantité de chacun des deux composants dans le mélange.
L’ISO 16620-2 ne permet pas de différencier si un produit naturel a pour origine des plantes, des animaux ou du matériel microbiologique. Il ne s’agit pas d’une analyse de la composition. Le rapport ISO 16620-2 montre le pourcentage de produit provenant de source naturelle (teneur biosourcée) par rapport à une source synthétique dérivée de pétrole.
### Vous êtes prêt à faire analyser vos produits selon la norme ISO 16620-2?
Vous trouverez des informations concernant la taille des échantillons, les contenants recommandés et autres détails dans nos consignes d’envoi pour les [produits en plastique](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/envoi-astm-d6866-05.html) et [les ingrédients naturels](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/echantillons.html).
### Analyses de haute qualité selon la norme ISO 16620-2 fournies par SGS Beta
Notre laboratoire, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, met à votre disposition les résultats d’analyse, accompagnés des rapports d’assurance qualité, dans votre espace client en ligne, en 7 jours ouvrés ou moins. Un service prioritaire est disponible pour les analyses nécessitant des résultats en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins.
Le support client est disponible en anglais, chinois, français, allemand, italien, japonais, coréen, portugais et espagnol.
### Résultats communiqués selon la méthode C de l’ISO 16620-2
SGS Beta utilise la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS), appelée méthode C dans la norme ISO 16620-2. Nous mesurons les rapports isotopiques et communiquons les résultats selon la norme ISO 16620-2 8.3.2 : teneur en carbone biosourcé en fraction du [carbone total ou du carbone organique total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Nous ne communiquons pas les résultats relatifs au carbone 14 comme fraction du carbone total en masse.
*SGS Beta n’est pas affilié à l’organisation ISO ou à ses comités techniques.*
LABORATOIRE DE HAUTE QUALITÉ
#### SGS Beta propose des services standards et prioritaires pour les analyses ISO 16620.
[Demander un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Dernière mise à jour de la page: novembre 2025
---
### [European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-euets.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- The EU ETS is the largest multi-country, multi-sector greenhouse gas emissions trading system in the world.
- The EU ETS recommends EN ISO 21644:2021 for measuring the biomass fraction of solid recovered fuels. EN ISO 21644:2021 supersedes EN 16640.
- By providing EN ISO 21644 testing, Beta Analytic helps companies obtain carbon credits under the EU ETS.
---
**The EU ETS, a major pillar of EU climate change policy, commenced in January 2005. It is based on Directive 2003/87/EC.**
Under the EU ETS, large emitters of carbon dioxide within the EU must monitor and annually report their CO2 emissions. They are obliged to submit to the government an amount of emission allowances that is equivalent to their CO2 emissions in that year. Companies in various industries need to determine the biomass fractions of their CO2 emissions because [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html) can be subtracted from their greenhouse gas inventories.
Phase 1 of the EU ETS was released in January 2005, while Phase 2 started in 2008. The third phase started in 2013 and ended in 2020. The EU ETS is now in its fourth phase, which runs from 2021 to 2030.
## Monitoring and Reporting Regulations (MRR)
Guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions were first released in January 2004 ([MRG 2004](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32004D0156 "Guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions ")). The revised guidelines were established in July 2007 ([MRG 2007](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32007D0589 "Monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions")). And in January 2008, the European Commission (EC) proposed a number of changes to the scheme.
- MRR Guidance Document No. 3
In October 2012, the EC published a Guidance Document relating to biomass issues in the EU ETS. MRR Guidance Document No. 3 states that EN 16640 is the relevant standard for the determination of the fossil and biomass-derived carbon fraction in solid materials and fuels. For liquid samples and CO2 in flue gases, EN 16640’s Carbon-14 method or [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) can be used. [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) is another option for CO2 in flue gases.
The MRR document was updated in October 2022 to address biomass issues in the EU ETS as well as to take into account new requirements by the current Renewable Energy Directive (RED II). While the ETS is an emissions cap and trade system, the RED II sets mandates for the use of renewable energies, particularly biofuels. Article 38(5) of the MRR requires that biomass seeking an emissions factor of zero under the ETS meet the criteria of the RED II. The RED II criteria requires producers to report the biogenic content of their biofuels to support the directive’s goal of 14% renewable energy by 2030.
For details, please read [MRR Guidance document No. 3, updated October 17, 2022 (PDF)](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-10/gd3_biomass_issues_en.pdf).
- MRR Guidance Document No. 5
MRR Guidance Document No. 5, also published in October 2012, explained in more detail the requirements for laboratory analyses. The MRR imposes strict rules to ensure high-quality results. It requires that all analyses should be carried out by laboratories that are accredited to ISO/IEC 17025. Non-accredited laboratories may be used provided that they demonstrate competence equivalent to accreditation in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025.
MRR Guidance Document No. 5 was last updated in October 2021.
More updates are found on the [EU ETS](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets/about-eu-ets_en "Monitoring, reporting and verification of EU ETS emissions") website.
## European Committee for Standardization
CEN, or Comite Europeen de Normalisation (European Committee for Standardization), aims to promote not only Europe’s economy in global trading but also the welfare of its citizens and environment by removing trade barriers for industry and consumers in the continent.
The private, non-profit organization develops standards and other technical specifications that become the national standards in each of the organization’s 34 members—the National Standards Bodies of the 27 countries of the European Union, United Kingdom, the Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey plus three countries of the European Free Trade Association (Iceland, Norway and Switzerland).
CEN published EN 16640 in 2011 for renewable content determination of solid recovered fuels. The standard has been superseded by [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644").
## Biogenic Carbon Content Determination by Beta Analytic
By providing accurate and reliable biogenic fraction measurements, ISO/IEC 17025-accredited Beta Analytic is able to help companies who want to join or are already participating in the EU ETS. Under this cap-and-trade program, companies can obtain carbon credits if they do not emit as much greenhouse gases as the threshold levels established. One way of getting lower GHG inventories is by measuring the biogenic fraction of their solid recovered fuels through **EN ISO 21644**.
*Page Last Updated: April 2023*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/din-certco.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# DIN CERTCO’s DIN-Geprüft 바이오 베이스 프로그램
- 독일의 인증 프로그램으로 제품의 바이오 매스 함량 3단계가 있습니다.
- 바이오 유래 원자재 전부 또는 일부로 만든 제품들 중, 최소 50% 유기물질이며, 이중 최소 20%의 바이오 유래탄소 함량을 가지고 있는 제품이라면 인증 받을 수 있습니다.
- DIN-Geprüft 바이오 유래 인증의 유효 기간은 6년이며, 제품의 퇴비화 혹은 생분해성과는 아무 관련이 없습니다.
---
참고사항: SGS Beta 연구소는 DIN CERTCO 나 DIN-Geprüft 바이오 베이스 프로그램과 직접적 관련은 없습니다만 DIN CERTCO 인증업체로 시료 제출에 관한 문의 사항 환영합니다.
---
## DIN-Geprüft 바이오 베이스 프로그램
DIN CERTCO은 독일의 인증 기관으로서 바이오 매스 제품에 대한 이 인증 프로그램을 2010년에 시작하였습니다. 전체 제품 혹은 특정 부품에 대해 인증을 받을 수 있습니다. DIN-Geprüft Biobased은 제품의 바이오 매스 함량에 따라 3단계 표시를 가집니다 – Biobased 20-50%, Biobased 50-85%, and Biobased >85%. 이 라벨들은 고객의 등록 번호와 함께 인증서에 표시되며 또한 로고에도 표시가 됩니다.
Image credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**Fast Facts:**
| Product Eligibility (제품의 자격) | – 일부 바이오 매스 또는 전체 바이오 매스를 원재료로 만든 제품들 – 다음 제품들은 해당 없음. 의료 제품. 화석 연료, 독성, 산성, 발암성, 돌연변이 가능성, 환경에 해를 끼치는 제품들 |
|---|---|
| 기본 조건 (이중 최소 조건) | – [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 혹은 [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html) 에 따라 최소 20%의 바이오 기반이어야 합니다. – DIN 18128 혹은 EN 13039에 따라 최소 50% 유기물질이 있어야 합니다. |
| Certification Validity (인증 유효 기간) | – 6 년 (유지 상태 확인을 위해 매 2째, 4째 해에 확인 실험을 실시한다) |
출처: [DIN-Geprüft 바이오기반 – 인증 제도 바이오기반 상품 (2019년 11월 발행본)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**참고사항:** 바이오 매스 함량이 최소 요구 조건에 미치지 못하는 제품들의 경우, 바이오 매스 함량 인증서는 발행되지만 DIN-Geprüft Biobased certification 로고를 사용할 수 없습니다.
## 바이오기반 실험실 SGS Beta
미국 플로리다 마이애미에 소재한 SGS Beta 연구소는 신속, 정확한 고품격의 **ASTM D6866 와ISO 16620** 실험을 제공함으로써, 바이오기반 산업을 지원합니다. 본 연구소는 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 받은 연구소입니다. 본 연구소는 세계 각국에 사무소와 직원을 두고 있습니다. 유럽 (독일, 스페인, UK)와 아시아 (중국, 일본, 한국, 타이완)에 시료 발송 사무실이 있습니다.
SGS Beta 연구소는 2004년부터 ASTM D6866 테스트 서비스를 제공하고 있습니다.
시료 제출 준비하기? [안내서를 읽습니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html).
가격 요청
#### SGS Beta 연구소는 DIN-Geprüft Biobased 신청인에게 일반, 특급 서비스를 제공합니다.
[연락하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
관련 자료: 2025년 4월
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/din-certco.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Sistema de certificação DIN-Geprüft Biobased de DIN CERTCO
- O sistema alemão DIN-Geprüft Biobased tem três níveis de qualidade para identificar o conteúdo de origem biológica de produtos.
- Produtos gerados total ou parcialmente a partir de materiais brutos de base biológica podem ser certificados através do programa se forem, no mínimo, 50% orgânicos e tiverem teor de pelo menos 20% carbono de base biológica.
- O certificado DIN-Geprüft Biobased é válido por seis anos e não implica a compostabilidade ou biodegradabilidade de um produto.
---
NOTA: SGS Beta não é afiliado com DIN CERTCO ou com o programa DIN-Geprüft Biobased. No entanto, você está convidado a contatar o SGS Beta sobre como enviar amostras para o teste como parte da certificação DIN CERTCO
---
## Esquema DIN-Geprüft Biobased
DIN CERTCO, uma organização de certificação na Alemanha, lançou o seu programa para os produtos de origem biológica em 2010. Um produto inteiro ou componentes específicos podem ser certificados sob este programa. DIN-Geprüft Biobased tem três níveis de qualidade que indica o conteúdo de origem biológica de um produto: 20-50%, 50-85%, e > 85%. Estas etiquetas de conteúdo de origem biológica são encontradas na marca de certificação juntamente com o logotipo DIN-Geprüft Biobased e número de inscrição do requerente de certificação.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**Fatos rápidos:**
| Elegibilidade do produto | – Aplicável a produtos que são total ou parcialmente produzidos a partir de matérias-primas de origem biológica – Não se aplica a produtos médicos, combustíveis fósseis, com componentes e produtos que são venenosos, ácidos, cancerígenos, mutagénicos ou prejudiciais ao meio ambiente |
|---|---|
| Requerimentos básicos (dobro dos requerimentos mínimos) | – Produto precisa ter pelo menos 20% carbono de base biológica, segundo as normas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) ou [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html) – Deve ser pelo menos 50% orgânico, segundo as normas DIN 18128 ou EN 13039 |
| Validade do certificado | – 6 anos (as análises de verificação são realizadas no segundo e no quarto ano da validade para garantir cumprimento) |
Fonte: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Certification Scheme Biobased Products (edição de novembro de 2019)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Nota:** Para os candidatos cujos produtos não cumpram o conteúdo de origem biológica mínimo necessário, uma certificação de conteúdo de origem biológica pode ser emitida, mas eles não estão autorizados a utilizar a marca de certificação DIN- Geprüft Biobased.
## Laboratório de análises de carbono biobaseado SGS Beta
O SGS Beta é sediado em Miami, nos Estados Unidos, e apoia a indústria de produtos de base biológica com análises rápidas, precisas e de alta qualidade com as normas **ASTM D6866** e **ISO 16620**. O laboratório é certificado pela ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 e opera em conformidade com os requisitos de sistema de gestão da ISO 9001: 2008. O laboratório possui escritórios de expedição de amostras na Europa (Alemanha, Espanha e Reino Unido) e na Ásia (China Continental, Japão, Coreia do Sul e Taiwan).
SGS Beta tem fornecido testes ASTM D6866 para os fabricantes e distribuidores de produtos de origem biológica, desde 2004.
Pronto para analisar amostras? [Leia nossas recomendações](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html).
SOLICITE UM ORÇAMENTO
#### O SGS Beta oferece serviços padrão e prioritários para candidatos ao selo DIN-Geprüft Biobased.
[Entre em contato](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última atualização: abril de 2025
---
### [Programma di certificazione DIN-Geprüft Biobased di DIN CERTCO](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/din-certco.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Programma di certificazione DIN-Geprüft Biobased di DIN CERTCO
- Il programma tedesco DIN-Geprüft Biobased comprende tre livelli di qualità che corrispondono al contenuto biobased del prodotto.
- I prodotti composti parzialmente o completamente da materie prime biobased sono idonei a ottenere questa certificazione se sono organici almeno al 50% e contengono almeno il 20% di carbonio biobased.
- La certificazione DIN-Geprüft Biobased, valida per sei anni, non ha implicazioni sulla compostabilità o sulla biodegradabilità di un prodotto.
---
NOTA: SGS Beta non è affiliata con DIN CERTCO o con il programma DIN-Geprüft Biobased. È comunque possibile contattare SGS Beta per informazioni sull’invio dei campioni per la certificazione DIN-Geprüft.
---
## Programma DIN-Geprüft Biobased
DIN CERTCO, un ente certificatore con sede in Germania, ha lanciato il suo programma dedicato ai prodotti biobased nel 2010. Un intero prodotto o componenti specifici possono essere certificati in questo programma. DIN-Geprüft Biobased comprende tre livelli di qualità che indicano il contenuto biobased di un prodotto – Biobased 20-50%, Biobased 50-85% e Biobased >85%. Questa indicazione del contenuto biobased è riportata sul marchio della certificazione insieme al logo di DIN-Geprüft Biobased e al numero di registrazione del richiedente.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**In breve:**
| Idoneità del prodotto | – Applicabile ai prodotti costituiti totalmente o parzialmente da materie prime biobased – Non applicabile a prodotti medicali, combustibili con componenti fossili e prodotti velenosi, acidi, cancerogeni, mutageni o dannosi per l’ambiente |
|---|---|
| Requisiti di base (doppio requisito minimo) | – Almeno 20% biobased, misurato con [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html) o [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html) – Almeno 50% organico, misurato con DIN 18128 o EN 13039 |
| Validità della certificazione | – 6 anni (per assicurare la conformità del prodotto, un’analisi di verifica viene effettuata al secondo e al quarto anno di validità) |
Fonte: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Certification Scheme Biobased Products (edizione di novembre 2019)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Nota:** i richiedenti i cui prodotti non rispettano il contenuto biobased minimo possono comunque ricevere una certificazione, ma non possono utilizzare il marchio DIN-Geprüft Biobased.
## SGS Beta, laboratorio di analisi di prodotti biobased
SGS Beta, un laboratorio con sede a Miami, Florida, supporta l’industria biobased fornendo analisi **ASTM D6866** e **ISO 16620** rapide, accurate e di alta qualità. È un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, che opera in conformità con i requisiti del sistema di gestione ISO 9001:2008. Il laboratorio dispone di uffici spedizione in Europa (Germania, Spagna, Regno Unito) e Asia (Cina continentale, Giappone, Corea del Sud, Taiwan).
SGS Beta fornisce analisi ASTM D6866 ai produttori di articoli biobased dal 2004.
Hai dei campioni da analizzare? [Leggi la nostra guida](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866-05-spedizione.html)
RICHIEDI UN PREVENTIVO
#### SGS Beta offre servizi standard e prioritari alle aziende che richiedono la certificazione DIN-Geprüft Biobased.
[Contattaci](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Ultimo aggiornamento: aprile 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/din-certco.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Programme de certification DIN-Geprüft de DIN CERTCO
- Le programme allemand DIN-Geprüft contient trois niveaux de qualité pour déterminer le contenu biosourcé d’un produit.
- Les produits entièrement ou partiellement fabriqués à partir de matières premières biosourcées peuvent être certifiés dans le cadre de ce programme s’ils sont biologiques à 50% minimum et contiennent au moins 20% de carbone biosourcé.
- Un certificat DIN-Geprüft Biobased, valable six ans, n’a aucune incidence sur la compostabilité ou la biodégradabilité d’un produit.
---
REMARQUE : SGS Beta n’est pas affilié au programme DIN CERTCO ou au programme biosourcé DIN-Geprüft. Toutefois, n’hésitez pas à contacter SGS Beta pour tout renseignement concernant l’envoi d’échantillons dans le cadre de l’accréditation DIN CERTCO.
---
## Le programme biosourcé DIN-Geprüft
DIN CERTCO, organisme de certification allemand, a lancé son programme pour les produits biosourcés en 2010. Ce programme permet de certifier un produit entier ou des composants particuliers. Le programme DIN-Geprüft détient trois niveaux de qualité qui indiquent le contenu biosourcé d’un produit – Biosourcé à 20-50%, Biosourcé à 50-85%, et Biosourcé à >85%. Ces labels sont indiqués sur la marque de certification avec le logo biosourcé DIN-Geprüft et le numéro d’enregistrement du demandeur.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**En bref :**
| Eligibilité du produit | – Applicable aux produits totalement ou partiellement fabriqués à partir de matières premières biosourcées – Non applicable aux produits médicaux, combustibles avec composants fossiles, produits toxiques, acides, cancérigènes, mutagènes ou dangereux pour l’environnement |
|---|---|
| Exigences de base (double exigence minimale) | – Doit être biosourcé à 20% minimum selon la norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html) ou [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html) – Doit être biologique à 50% minimum selon les normes DIN 18128 ou EN 13039 |
| Validité de la certification | – 6 ans (les tests de vérification sont effectués au cours de la deuxième et quatrième année de validité pour garantir la conformité) |
Source: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Système de certification des produits biosourcés (Novembre 2019)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Remarque :** Pour les candidats dont les produits ne répondent pas au contenu biosourcé minimal requis, une certification de contenu biosourcé peut être délivrée mais les candidats ne pourront pas utiliser la marque de certification biosourcée DIN-Geprüft.
## Laboratoire d’analyse biosourcée SGS Beta
Basé à Miami, en Floride, SGS Beta soutient l’industrie biosourcée en fournissant des analyses **ASTM D6866** et **ISO 16620** rapides, précises et de haute qualité. Le laboratoire est accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 et travaille en conformité avec les exigences du système de gestion ISO 9001:2008. Le laboratoire dispose de bureaux d’expédition en Europe (Allemagne, Espagne, Royaume-Uni) et en Asie (Chine continentale, Japon, Corée du Sud, Taïwan).
SGS Beta fournit des analyses selon l’ASTM D6866 aux fabricants de produits biosourcés depuis 2004.
Vous êtes prêt à envoyer vos échantillons pour analyse ? [Lisez nos directives](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/envoi-astm-d6866-05.html)
DEMANDER UN DEVIS
#### SGS Beta propose des services standard et prioritaire aux candidats à l’homologation DIN-Geprüft pour les produits biosourcés.
[Nous contacter](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Dernière mise à jour de la page : avril 2025
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/din-certco.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Esquema de certificación DIN-Geprüft Biobased de DIN CERTCO
- El esquema alemán DIN-Geprüft Biobased cuenta con tres niveles de calidad para identificar el contenido de origen biológico de productos.
- Los productos elaborados completa o parcialmente a partir de materias primas de base biológica pueden ser certificados en este programa si son al menos 50% de origen orgánico, y tienen al menos 20% de contenido de base biológica.
- El certificado DIN-Geprüft Biobased, válido por seis años, no tiene implicaciones sobre la compostabilidad o biodegradabilidad del producto.
---
NOTA: La empresa no está afiliada con DIN CERTCO o con el programa DIN-Geprüft Biobased. Sin embargo, puede contactar con SGS Beta si necesita información sobre cómo enviar muestras para análisis parte de la certificación DIN CERTCO.
---
## Esquema DIN-Geprüft Biobased
DIN CERTCO, un organismo de certificación en Alemania, creo su programa para productos de origen biológico en 2010. Con este esquema puede certificarse tanto productos completos como componentes específicos. DIN-Geprüft Biobased cuenta con tres niveles de calidad que indican el contenido de origen biológico de un producto: 20-50%, 50-85%, o >85%. Estas etiquetas para el contenido de origen biológico se encuentran en el sello de certificación junto con el logotipo de DIN-Geprüft Biobased y el número de registro de la certificación del productor.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**Datos básicos:**
| Elegibilidad del producto | – Aplicable a productos que estén total o parcialmente fabricados a partir de materias primas de origen biológico – No aplicable a productos médicos, combustibles con componentes fósiles, y productos venenosos, ácidos, cancerígenos, mutagénicos o perjudiciales para el medio ambiente |
|---|---|
| Requisitos básicos (doble requisito mínimo) | – El contenido de base biológica debe ser de al menos 20% conforme a las normas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) o [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-16620.html) – El producto debe ser al menos 50% de origen orgánico conforme a las normas DIN 18128 o EN 13039 |
| Validez de la certificación | – 6 años (pruebas de verificación se realizan en el segundo y cuarto año de vigencia para asegurar el cumplimiento) |
Fuente: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Programa de certificación de productos de base biológica (versión noviembre de 2019)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/en/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Nota:** Para fabricantes que no cumplan con los mínimos requisitos de contenido de origen biológico se puede emitir una certificación de contenido de origen biológico pero no se les permite utilizar el sello de certificación de DIN-Geprüft Biobased.
## Laboratorio de análisis de materiales de origen biológico – SGS Beta
Con sede en Miami, Florida, SGS Beta apoya a la industria de productos de base biológica ofreciendo análisis rápidos y de alta calidad conforme a las normas **ASTM D6866** e **ISO 16620**. El laboratorio está certificado con la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 y funciona de acuerdo a los requisitos del sistema de gestión de la ISO 9001:2008. El laboratorio cuenta con oficinas de envío en Europa (Alemania, España y Reino Unido) y en Asia (China continental, Japón, Corea del Sur y Taiwán).
SGS Beta ha proporcionado el análisis del ASTM D6866 a fabricantes y distribuidores de productos de origen biológico desde 2004.
¿Está listo para analizar sus productos de origen biológico? [Consulte las instrucciones de envío.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)
SOLICITE UN PRESUPUESTO
#### En SGS Beta ofrecemos servicios estándar y prioritarios para aplicantes de la certificación DIN-Geprüft Biobased.
[Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última actualización de la página: Abril de 2025
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/din-certco.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# DIN CERTCOs DIN-geprüftes Programm für die Zertifizierung biobasierter Produkte
- Deutschlands DIN-geprüftes biobasiertes Programm verfügt über drei Qualitätsstufen, um den biobasierten Anteil von Produkten zu bestimmen
- Produkte, die ganz oder teilweise aus biobasierten Rohstoffen hergestellt werden, können nach diesem System zertifiziert werden, wenn diese mindestens 50% organisch sind und mindestens 20% biobasierten Kohlenstoff enthalten.
- Ein Biobased DIN-Geprüft-Zertifikat ist sechs Jahre gültig und trifft keine Aussage über die Kompostierbarkeit oder die biologische Abbaubarkeit eines Produkts.
---
BITTE BEACHTEN: SGS Beta ist nicht mit DIN CERTCO oder dem DIN-geprüften biobasierten Programm affiliiert. Sie können sich jedoch gerne mit SGS Beta in Verbindung setzen, um Einzelheiten bzgl. der Einsendung von Proben zur Analyse im Rahmen einer DIN CERTCO Akkreditierung zu erfahren.
---
## DIN-geprüftes biobasiertes Programm
DIN CERTCO ist eine deutsche Zertifizierungsorganisation und führte 2010 ein Programm für biobasierte Produkte ein. Im Rahmen dieses Programms können spezielle Komponenten oder ein ganzes Produkt zertifiziert werden. DIN-geprüft biobasiert verfügt über drei Qualitätsstufen, die den biobasierten Anteil eines Produkts angeben: Biobasiert 20-50%, biobasiert 50-85% und biobasiert >85%. Diese Kennzeichnungen hinsichtlich des biobasierten Anteils sind auf dem Prüfzeichen zu finden, zusammen mit dem DIN-geprüft biobasiert Logo und der Registrierungsnummer des Antragstellers des Zertifikats.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org)
**Fakten in der Übersicht:**
| Eignung der Produkte | – Anwendbar auf Produkte die vollständig oder teilweise aus biobasierten Rohstoffen hergestellt werden – Nicht anwendbar auf medizinische Produkte, Brennstoffe mit fossilen Komponenten oder giftige, ätzende, krebserzeugende, erbgutverändernde oder umweltschädliche Produkte |
|---|---|
| Grundvoraussetzungen (doppelte Mindestanforderung) | – Muss mindestens 20% biobasiert sein gemäß [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html) oder [ISO 16620](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html) – Muss mindestens 50% organisch sein gemäß DIN 18128 oder EN 13039 |
| Gültigkeit der Zertifizierung | – 6 Jahre (Weitere Prüfungen werden im zweiten und vierten Gültigkeitsjahr durchgeführt, um die Einhaltung sicherzustellen) |
Quelle: [DIN-Geprüft Biobased – Zertifizierungsschema Biobasierte Produkte (Ausgabe November 2019)](https://www.dincertco.de/din-certco/de/main-navigation/products-and-services/certification-of-products/environmental-field/biobased-products/)
**Bitte beachten:** Für Antragsteller, deren Produkte die Minimalwerte bzgl. des biobasierten Gehalts nicht erreichen, kann eine Zertifizierung des biobasierten Gehalts ausgestellt werden, wobei es in diesem Fall nicht zulässig ist, das DIN-geprüfte biobasierte Prüfzeichen zu verwenden.
## SGS Beta Biobased Prüflabor
SGS Beta mit Sitz in Miami, Florida, unterstützt die biobasierte Industrie durch schnelle, genaue und qualitativ hochwertige Prüfungen gemäß **ASTM D6866** und **ISO 16620**. Es handelt sich um ein ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditiertes Testlabor, das im Einklang mit den ISO 9001:2008 Managementsystem Anforderungen operiert. Unser Labor verfügt über Versandbüros in Europa (Deutschland, Spanien und Großbritannien) und Asien (Festlandchina, Japan, Südkorea und Taiwan).
SGS Beta liefert Herstellern und Händlern von biobasierten Produkten seit 2004 ASTM D6866 Analysen.
Sie möchten Proben zum Testen einsenden? [Lesen Sie unsere Richtlinien](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866-05-lieferung.html)
PREISE ANFORDERN
#### SGS Beta bietet im Rahmen des DIN-Geprüft Biobased Siegels Standard- und Priority-Dienste an.
[Kontaktieren Sie Uns](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: April 2025
---
### [炭素14検査とベータ社のサービスに関するFAQ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **試験の料金と支払方法**
## [Betaではキャンセル料金が必要ですか?](#collapse1)
試料を受領後速やかに分析に取り掛かり、納期を守るよう最善を尽くします。これは、試料を受領した時点で料金が発生しているという意味です。注文のご変更は可能ですが、注文変更時までの稼働時間によって部分料金あるいは全体料金が適用されることをご承知おきください。
## [ベータへの支払い方法は？](#collapse2)
電信送金またはクレジットカードでのお支払いをお勧めします。お支払い条件の詳細については、 [こちらのページを](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html) ご覧ください。
#### • **結果とレポート**
## [Beta は納期を知らせますか?](#collapse3)
弊社よりお客様の試料がマイアミ試験所に到着したこと及び試験結果の納期についてお知らせします。納期はマイアミ試験所に試料が到着した翌日からの営業日（週末を除く）でカウントします。試験所に3 PM EST以降に届いた試料は翌日のログインとさせていただきます。
## [ラボにあるサンプルの状態を確認できますか？](#collapse4)
はい。当社ウェブサイトのカスタマーエリアにログインし、ダッシュボードの「トラッキングを見る」を選択してください。
## [過去に、古いバージョンの規格(例 ASTM D6866-12) で製品の試験を行いました。
その結果を最新バージョンの較正係数で再計算し報告書を再発行することは可能ですか？ ](#collapse5)
いいえ。認証機関とエコラベルのプログラムは、最新バージョンの試験規格で再測定することを要求するでしょう。試料をSGS Betaに送付する前に、認証機関またはエコラベルのプログラム実施機関にて再測定が必要かどうかご確認ください。
#### • **サンプルと文書**
## [Beta は揮発性有機成分(VOC)を含む試料または揮発性物質をを受け入れ可能ですか?](#collapse6)
もし製品のVOCs成分を分析したい場合は、試料送付前にご連絡ください。CO2として試料が提出された場合は、ガス試料としてのみ分析が可能です。
正確な分析結果を得るためには、製品に含まれるすべての炭素を回収する必要があります。もし製品中に揮発性バイオベースド成分および非揮発性化石由来成分が同じ割合で含まれていた場合、揮発性成分の炭素を回収しないとバイオベースド含有率が低くなりすぎてしまいます。そのため揮発性成分を含む物質の分析には特別な処理が必要ですが、試験所では事前に揮発性成分の存在を知っておく必要があります。（例、揮発性の手指消毒剤）その情報を試験所に提供するのは、すべて試料提出者の責任です。
## [Beta はSDS/MSDSが必要ですか?](#collapse8)
化学物質は、英文SDS/MSDSの提出が必須です。 コピーを1部必ずお送りください。そのコピーをベータ担当者にEメールで送るか、オンライン・データ・シートにアップロードしてください。
## [Beta は発がん性物質を受け入れますか?](#collapse9)
弊社のラボには特定の危険物質を取り扱う施設がありません。それ故発がん性物質もしくは特別な廃棄処理が必要な物質は受領することができません。引火性の高い、あるいは特定の毒性を含む物質の場合(例：フェノール)は、廃棄に問題がないごく微量であれば送りいただけますが、その場合は必ず事前にご相談ください。
## [Betaから試料の返送は可能ですか?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta は未使用のオリジナル試料、前処理後の試料のいずれも返却をいたしません。クライアントは試験に必要な量のみをクライアントの責任において提出する必要がありあます。試料が余った場合はすべて廃棄いたします。この件に関しましてご質問などありましたら <sumi@radiocarbon.com> までお知らせください。
## [ベータのサンプル保存期間は？](#collapse11)
提出された試料が、未処理の状態／または前処理済みの状態で少量保管できる場合、当社は結果の報告または公表後30日間、当該試料を保管いたします。 [これは品質管理プログラムに基づいて](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)、必要な場合は追試や追加調査を可能にするためです。注：ベータは水のサンプルの保管は行いません。
**この保管期間終了後、全ての残試料（オリジナルおよび前処理後）と試料バッグは完全焼却処分いたします。**
**連絡と試料の廃棄** – クライアントによる指示が必要なため保留中の試料は、6か月間回答がない場合、SGS Beta が廃棄します。
## [サブサンプリングの指示を送信する必要がありますか?](#collapseTwelve12)
必要に応じてサブサンプリング指示を送信します。特別な指示がない限り、試験所で試料を試験に適した量に分取します。もし代表的な試料を分取するために特別な方法や指示がある場合は、必ず分析前にご相談ください。試験所は、製造工程や製品そのものの専門家ではないので、代表試料の選択は試料提出者に責任があります。
#### • **配送と必要な容器**
## [クライアントの荷物の米国税関での通関は、ベータが行いますか？](#collapse13)
いいえ。Betaは我々のフォーワーディングオフィス以外を通じて試料が送付された場合、その通関手続きや輸送にかかる費用に責任を持ちません。運送業者に輸送を依頼する場合は、[DDP 条項](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)に従う必要があります。荷物のリリースのために必要な行政手続きは送り主の責任で行っていただく必要があります。
試料の送付先：
〒468-0007 名古屋市天白区植田本町一丁目608番地 株式会社 地球科学研究所
## [揮発性有機化合物 (VOC) を含む液体にはどのような容器が必要ですか? ](#collapseFourteen14)
ガラス製 1 mL テフロンセプタム付きクリンプトップ式マイクロサンプルバイアル。VOCsが含まれている試料は満量にしてください(ヘッドスペースがないように)。
また [こちら](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). からその他のバイアルをお探しいただけます。アルミホイルの面に厚紙が張られたキャップはお使いにならないでください。 厚紙はキャップに接着剤で結着されています。これらは燃料や他の揮発性液体に適していません。揮発する際に接着剤を分解し、輸送中にサンプルを汚染する可能性があります。透明なスナップキャップも通常燃料の容器としては推奨されていません。
## [VOC を含まない液体サンプルにはどのような容器が必要ですか? ](#collapseFourteen15)
例えばこちらの [サイト](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html)で容器の例をご確認いただけます。輸送中に外部にリークしないように対策してください。
化学的に反応しない中蓋のバイアルを使用してください。(例、シリコンディスク、テフロンなど)。紙製やアルミフォイル製の中蓋の物は使用しないでください。試料と反応しコンタミネーションの要因となる可能性があります。
#### • **オンライン・データシート**
## [どの分析スタンダードを選択すればよいですか？](#collapse15)
それぞれの試験規格は、異なるタイプの製品、物質を試験対象とします。例えば、 [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16766) はバイオベース溶媒のみを取り扱っています。一方 ASTM D6866 はガスをはじめ様々な物質を対象としています。また規格によってバイオベース含有率の計算方法に少し差があります。全有機炭素(TOC)中のバイオ比率を求める規格がある一方、全炭素(TC)中のバイオ比率を求める規格があります。
試験規格は、あなたが申請する認証プログラムで指定されている場合があります。例えば、ヨーロッパにおけるプログラムのほとんどはCENの試験規格を推奨しています。 USDAの [USDA’s BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) は 現在の所ASTM D6866 しか認めていません。
#### • **炭素-14分析による 天然 vs 合成 試験**
## [炭素-14分析と他の試験方法では偽和を検出する際どのような違いがあるのでしょうか？](#collapse16)
炭素-14試験だけが、化石由来(合成)起源物質による偽和を証明することができます。一方で他の方法は天然起源の物質による偽和しか証明することができません。天然起源の物質による偽和を証明するには、安定同位体など他の化学分析が必要です。
こちらも参考にしていただけます: [真正試験の方法 – 炭素-14分析は必要 ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [天然由来物質の試験結果によって製品中に含まれる具体的な成分がわかりますか？](#collapse17)
いいえ。試験結果はバイオマス由来炭素(植物、動物起源)と化石由来炭素(化石燃料起源)の 比を示します。炭素-14の試験は、製品に含まれる成分は明らかにしません。
#### • **ガスと廃棄物燃料の再生可能炭素試験**
## [ガス試料を送るための容器を提供してもらえますか?](#collapse18)
いいえ。アルミニウムバッグなど適切なガスサンプリング容器を業者より購入してください。
## [オンサイトでの試料採取を行っていますか?](#collapse19)
いいえ。 ガスのサンプリングは SGS Beta では行っていません。
## [二酸化炭素(CO2)、固形試料のどちらを送った方が良いですか?](#collapse20)
それは排出ガスのもととなる燃焼材料によります。ガスの試料は均質であるため、都市ごみ燃料などの廃棄物燃料よりサンプリング時の分取が容易です。
## [排出ガスもしくは廃棄物燃料はどのくらいの頻度で試験を行うべきですか? ](#collapse21)
試験の頻度は、該当する国または地域の規制、申請する温室効果ガスイニシアティブによって異なります。それぞれの監督機関にご確認ください。
*最終更新：2026年3月*
---
### [Perguntas frequentes sobre análises de carbono-14 e serviços do Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Tarifas e métodos de pagamento**
## [O Beta cobra taxas de cancelamento?](#collapse1)
A análise é iniciada imediatamente após o recebimento da amostra, a fim de cumprir o prazo de entrega prometido. Isso implica que a cobrança também ocorre assim que a amostra é recebida. Modificações nos pedidos são bem-vindas, mas é importante observar que tais alterações podem resultar em cobranças parciais ou integrais, dependendo do progresso do serviço no momento da solicitação da alteração.
## [Quais são as formas de pagamento aceitas pelo Beta?](#collapse2)
Recomendamos o pagamento por transferência bancária ou cartão de crédito. Para obter detalhes sobre nossas condições de pagamento, consulte [esta página](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Resultados e laudos**
## [O Beta informa os clientes da data prevista dos resultados?](#collapse3)
Um representante do Beta entrará em contato para confirmar a chegada da amostra ao laboratório e informar a data estimada para a entrega dos resultados. O nosso prazo de entrega cotado começa a contar a partir do dia útil seguinte ao recebimento da amostra no laboratório em Miami. Amostras recebidas no laboratório após as 15h (EST) serão registradas no sistema no dia seguinte.
## [Posso acompanhar o andamento das minhas amostras no laboratório?](#collapse4)
Sim. Faça login na Área do Cliente do nosso site e selecione “Acompanhamento” no painel.
## [Seu laboratório analisou nossos produtos no passado segundo uma versão mais antiga da norma analítica
(ex.: ASTM D6866-12). É possível ajustar o teor biobaseado certificado para concordar com o novo fator de correção?](#collapse5)
Não. Agências certificadoras e programas de selos ecológicos poderão solicitar novas análises do produto com a versão mais atual da norma analítica que recomendam. Por favor contate a organização certificadora ou programa de selo ecológico antes de enviar amostras para o SGS Beta, para verificar se novas análises se fazem necessárias.
#### • **Amostras e documentação**
## [O Beta aceita amostras com componentes orgânico voláteis (COV), ou outros componentes voláteis?](#collapse6)
Se você deseja analisar os VOCs do seu produto, por favor consulte o laboratório antes de enviar a amostra. Apenas podemos analisar gases enviados como CO2 (seja puro ou em misturas de ar).
Uma análise acurada requer a recuperação de todo o carbono disponível no produto. Se um componente biobaseado é volátil e um componente petroquímico não é, o teor de carbono biobaseado medido no produto será baixo demais se o componente volátil não for recuperado na mesma proporção que o componente petroquímico não volátil. O laboratório pode facilmente aplicar procedimentos especiais para tais amostras, mas é necessário que se tenha ciência da necessidade; por exemplo, desinfetantes para as mãos que sejam evaporáveis. Por favor, observe que é responsabilidade exclusiva do solicitante da análise fornecer essa informação para o laboratório.
## [O que fazer antes de enviar amostras perigosas?](#collapse7)
É muito importante avisar o laboratório antes de enviar amostras perigosas, para que possamos dar-lhe as instruções corretas e endereço para o envio. Se as amostras forem consideradas perigosas pela Associação Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA), elas deverão ser enviadas diretamente para os Estados Unidos. Substâncias perigosas com os Códigos de Quantidades Exceptuadas da IATA E1, E2, E4 ou E5, e substâncias dos Grupos de Embalagem II e III qualificam para o envio De Minimis. Para fazer um envio De Minimis de uma amostra para o laboratório em Miami, o volume da amostra não deverá exceder 1 ml, e a embalagem deverá seguir as diretrizes da Regulação de Cargas Perigosas, ser suficientemente absorvente no caso de vazamentos e suficientemente firme para evitar rompimentos. O envio De Minimis não requer nenhum tipo de rotulagem especial. Para informações mais detalhadas, por favor consulte a [Regulamentação de Cargas Perigosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) da IATA.
## [O Beta requer fichas de segurança (FISPQ/SDS/MSDS)?](#collapse8)
Produtos químicos deverão incluir suas fichas de segurança. Precisamos ter uma cópia em arquivo Você pode enviar uma cópia por email para seu gerente de contas ou anexá-la ao formulário de dados on-line.
## [O Beta aceita amostras com materiais carcinogênicos?](#collapse9)
O nosso laboratório não tem as instalações adequadas para o manuseio e descarte de certos materiais perigosos. Dessa forma, não podemos aceitar materiais carcinogênicos, ou que requerem procedimentos especiais de descarte. No caso de materiais altamente inflamáveis ou tóxicos (por exemplo, fenóis), podemos aceitar quantidades minúsculas que não ofereçam problemas de descarte. Entretanto, por favor contate o laboratório antes de enviar a amostra para discutir a quantidade adequada para o envio.
## [O Beta devolve amostras mediante solicitação?](#collapse10)
O SGS Beta NÃO retorna materiais de amostras excedentes não usados originais ou pré-tratados. O cliente deve enviar a quantidade exata requerida pelo laboratório. Quaisquer materiais excedentes serão descartados.
## [Quanto tempo dura o período de retenção de amostra no Beta?](#collapse11)
Quando o material enviado for de tamanho suficiente para permitir o armazenamento de uma pequena quantidade da amostra original e/ou pré-tratada, arquivaremos a amostra por **30 dias corridos** após a emissão/divulgação do relatório ou a liberação dos resultados. Isso é feito como uma medida interna de [Garantia de Qualidade](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) para que se possa realizar análises de reservas de amostras ou investigações adicionais, se necessário. Nota: O Beta não arquiva nem retém amostras de água.
**Após esse período de retenção, todas as embalagens de amostras e materiais de amostras excedentes (originais e pré-tratadas) são descartadas por incineração.**
**Comunicações e descarte de amostras** – No caso de comunicações pendentes, o SGS Beta descarta amostras após seis meses sem resposta do cliente sobre como proceder com elas.
## [Devemos enviar instruções de subamostragem?](#collapseTwelve12)
Envie instruções de subamostragem conforme necessário. A não ser sob instruções expressas, o laboratório subamostrará o material recebido em uma quantidade cabível ao método analítico. Se houver instruções especiais para assegurar que a subamostra represente os interesses do cliente da melhor forma possível, por favor discuta com o laboratório de antemão. Como o laboratório não tem como conhecer todos os produtos e processos de manufatura, a responsabilidade da análise de uma subamostra representativa é do cliente/solicitante da análise.
#### • **Envio e contêineres necessários**
## [Para onde devo enviar as amostras? Onde a análise é realizada?](#collapse12)
Temos escritórios de encaminhamento de amostras ao redor do mundo, mas todas as análises são realizadas na sede em Miami, Estados Unidos. Se você estiver na Europa, por favor envie as amostras para o nosso escritório em Germany. Para amostras enviadas da China, por favor despache-as para o escritório em Xiamen. Amostras saídas do Japão deverão ser enviadas para o nosso agente em Nagoia. Temos também escritórios de encaminhamento no Reino Unido, e na Coréia do Sul.
Observação: Amostras de biocombustíveis devem ser enviadas diretamente para o laboratório em Miami porque os escritórios internacionais de expedição do Beta não estão equipados para lidar com esse tipo de material.
## [O Beta é responsável por liberar pacotes de clientes na alfândega dos Estados Unidos?](#collapse13)
Não. Certifique-se de usar uma transportadora que assuma completa responsabilidade de liberar o pacote junto à aduana estadunidense. Fique à vontade para contatar-nos para obter recomendações de envio.
O Beta não se responsabiliza pela liberação alfandegária ou pelos custos de envios internacionais de amostras que não tenham sido encaminhadas por um de nossos escritórios. Todos os envios via empresas de transportes devem ser feitos sob o [Incoterm DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). O remetente é responsável pelos trâmites administrativos para a liberação da carga.
Se for enviar amostras diretamente para Miami, rotule o pacote com esta declaração aduaneira: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Código harmonizado (código HS) – 280300
## [Posso enviar biocombustíveis para um escritório de encaminhamento do Beta?](#collapse14)
Não. As amostras precisam ser enviadas diretamente para o laboratório em Miami porque os escritórios internacionais de expedição da Beta não estão equipados para lidar com biocombustíveis.
Envie as amostras conforme as diretrizes “Envio De Minimis”,e envie-nos um email informando o courier e código de rastreamento da remessa.
Substâncias perigosas com os códigos de quantidades exceptuadas da IATA E1, E2, E4 ou E5, assim como as substâncias nos grupos de embalagem II e III, cumprem os requisitos para o envio De Minimis (simplificado). Para envios De Minimis até o laboratório em Miami, a amostra não deve exceder 1 ml, e a embalagem deve seguir as diretrizes especificadas no Regulamento de Mercadorias Perigosas, sendo suficientemente absorvente no caso de vazamentos, e resistente o bastante para evitar rompimentos. Não é exigida rotulagem especial para o envio De Minimis. Para mais informações, por favor consulte o regulamento de mercadorias perigosas do IATA (IATA [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html)).
## [Quais são os recipientes necessários para líquidos com compostos orgânicos voláteis (VOCs)? ](#collapseFourteen14)
Frasco de vidro de 1 ml, com tampa de pressão que tenha septo revestido de Teflon. O frasco deve estar cheio até a boca, sem deixar ar.
Outros exemplos de frascos que você pode usar são encontrados [aqui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Não utilize frascos com tampas revestidas de papelão com alumínio, em que o lado de papelão está colado à tampa. Esse tipo de tampa não é apropriada para conter combustíveis ou outros líquidos voláteis, uma vez que os vapores podem dissolver a cola e contaminar a amostra durante o transporte. Tampas de pressão transparentes também não são normalmente recomendadas para combustíveis.
## [Quais recipientes você precisa para amostras líquidas SEM VOCs? ](#collapseFourteen15)
Pode-se encontrar frascos adequados neste [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). . Certifique-se de que a tampa do frasco seja hermética e que esteja bem colocada para evitar vazamentos.
Se for utilizar frascos de baixo volume com tampa de rosca, verifique que o forro da tampa é feito de silicone e teflon, ou de qualquer outro material não-reativo. Não utilize frascos com tampas revestidas de papelão com alumínio, em que o lado de papelão está colado à tampa.
## [Quais amostras se qualificam como “envio de minimis”? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Substâncias perigosas com os códigos de quantidades exceptuadas da IATA E1, E2, E4 ou E5, assim como as substâncias nos grupos de embalagem II e III, cumprem os requisitos para o envio De Minimis (simplificado). Para envios De Minimis até o laboratório em Miami, a amostra não deve exceder 1 ml, e a embalagem deve seguir as diretrizes especificadas no Regulamento de Mercadorias Perigosas, sendo suficientemente absorvente no caso de vazamentos, e resistente o bastante para evitar rompimentos. Não é exigida rotulagem especial para o envio De Minimis. Para mais informações, por favor consulte o regulamento de mercadorias perigosas do IATA (IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations).
Ao enviar amostras diretamente aos Estados Unidos, certifique-se de que a empresa de envio que você contratou pode assumir a total responsabilidade de liberar o pacote junto à alfândega dos Estados Unidos. Ficamos à disposição para oferecer recomendações quanto ao envio de amostras.
## [Qual declaração aduaneira deve ser usada? ](#collapseFourteen17)
Se for enviar amostras diretamente para Miami, rotule o pacote com esta declaração aduaneira: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Código harmonizado (código HS) – 280300
#### • **Formulário de dados de amostras**
## [Qual norma analítica devo selecionar?](#collapse15)
Diferentes normas analíticas se aplicam a diferentes tipos de produtos. Por exemplo, a norma [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16766) é aplicada apenas a solventes biobaseados, enquanto a ASTM D6866 aplica-se a praticamente todos os produtos, inclusive gases. As normas também têm pequenas diferenças nos cálculos do percentual biobaseado. Algumas normas exigem que os resultados reportem a fração de carbono orgânico total (TOC) do material, enquanto outras exigem a fração de carbono total (TC).
A norma analítica depende do programa pelo qual você opta. Por exemplo, a maioria dos programas na Europa recomendam uma norma CEN. O [programa voluntário de rotulagem BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html), do USDA, emprega apenas a norma ASTM D6866, neste momento.
#### • **Análises por Carbono-14 de produtos naturais x sintéticos**
## [Qual é a diferença entre a análise por Carbono-14 e outros métodos para detectar adulterações?](#collapse16)
Apenas a análise por Carbono-14 pode verificar se a adulteração deve-se a fontes fósseis (sintéticas). Os outros métodos analíticos apenas podem detectar adulterantes de fontes naturais. Para fazer a distinção entre diferentes adulterantes naturais, são necessárias outras análises químicas, por exemplo, a de isótopos estáveis.
Você também pode estar interessado em ler: [Métodos comuns de análises de autenticidade – a análise por Carbono-14 é necessária?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [Os resultados da análise de fontes naturais identificam os ingredientes do produto?](#collapse17)
Não. Os resultados mostram apenas a porcentagem de ingredientes provindos de biomassa (por exemplo, plantas e animais) em relação a componentes de fontes fósseis (por exemplo, derivados de petróleo). Os resultados da análise por Carbono-14 não oferecem nenhuma informação sobre a formulação do produto ou ingredientes distintos.
#### • **Análises de carbono renovável de gases e combustíveis de resíduos**
## [Vocês fornecem bolsas de coleta de gás?](#collapse18)
Não. Bolsas Tedlar podem ser adquiridas no fornecedor de sua preferência.
## [Vocês oferecem coleta de amostras in situ?](#collapse19)
Não, a coleta de amostras não faz parte dos serviços do SGS Beta.
## [É preferível enviar dióxido de carbono (CO2) ou amostras sólidas?](#collapse20)
Depende dos materiais incinerados para gerar as emissões. Amostras de gás são mais homogêneas e menos complicadas de subamostrar do que amostras derivadas de resíduos, como resíduos sólidos municipais.
## [Com qual frequência devo analisar emissões ou combustíveis derivados de resíduos?](#collapse21)
A frequência das análises depende das regulamentações vigentes em seu estado ou região, ou das iniciativas de gases do efeito estufa selecionadas para participação.
*Última atualização: março de 2026*
---
### [Domande frequenti sull'analisi del carbonio-14 e sui servizi di Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Tariffe e metodi di pagamento**
## [Sono previsti dei costi per la cancellazione dei campioni?](#collapse1)
Le analisi iniziano immediatamente all’arrivo dei campioni per garantire il rispetto della data di consegna promessa. Ciò significa che anche i costi vengono applicati immediatamente alla ricezione dei campioni. Possiamo accettare alcune modifiche agli ordini, ma potremmo dover applicare una tariffa parziale o totale in base alla quantità di lavoro già completato al momento della richiesta di modifica.
## [Quali sono i metodi di pagamento accettati da Beta?](#collapse2)
Consigliamo di effettuare il pagamento tramite bonifico bancario o carta di credito. Per maggiori dettagli sulle nostre condizioni di pagamento, consultare [questa pagina](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Risultati e report**
## [Beta indica ai clienti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati?](#collapse3)
Un rappresentante di Beta confermerà l’arrivo dei campioni A MIAMI e comunicherà la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati. I tempi di consegna sono calcolati a partire dal giorno successivo all’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, esclusi i fine settimana e i giorni festivi. I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.
## [È possibile seguire lo stato delle analisi?](#collapse4)
Sì. Accedere all’Area clienti del nostro sito web e selezionare “Vedi stato campioni” dalla pagina principale.
## [Beta ha già analizzato i nostri prodotti in passato, utilizzando una versione precedente di uno standard analitico
(ad es. ASTM D6866-12). Potete aggiornare il contenuto biobased misurato utilizzando il nuovo fattore di correzione?](#collapse5)
No. Gli enti certificatori e i programmi di etichettatura possono richiedere la rianalisi dei prodotti con la versione più aggiornata della norma che utilizzano. Prima di inviare i campioni a SGS Beta, contattare l’ente certificatore o il programma di etichettatura per verificare se è richiesta la rianalisi.
#### • **Campioni e documentazione**
## [Beta accetta campioni contenenti composti organici volatili (COV) o altre sostanze volatili?](#collapse6)
Per l’analisi dei COV, consultare il laboratorio prima di inviare il campione. Possiamo analizzare solo i gas inviati sotto forma di CO2 (pura o miscelata con aria).
Per un’analisi accurata è importante che tutto il carbonio disponibile nel prodotto venga recuperato. Per i materiali misti, se la componente biobased è volatile e quella petrolifera non lo è, il contenuto biobased misurato sarà inferiore a quello reale, a meno che le sostanze volatili non vengano recuperate nella stessa proporzione dei componenti petroliferi non volatili. Questi campioni vengono gestiti secondo procedure speciali, ma il laboratorio deve essere avvisato della presenza di componenti volatili, ad esempio nel caso dei disinfettanti per le mani ad asciugatura rapida. Fornire queste informazioni al laboratorio è responsabilità esclusiva del cliente.
## [Cosa fare prima di inviare campioni pericolosi al laboratorio?](#collapse7)
È molto importante informarci prima di inviare materiali pericolosi, così che possiamo fornire le indicazioni necessarie e l’indirizzo di spedizione corretto. Se classificati come pericolosi dalla International Air Transport Association (IATA), i campioni devono essere spediti direttamente al laboratorio negli Stati Uniti. Le sostanze pericolose contrassegnate dai codici IATA per le quantità consentite E1, E2, E4 e E5 e le sostanze nei gruppi d’imballaggio II e III sono idonee alla spedizione “de minimis”. Per effettuare una spedizione “de minimis” verso il nostro ufficio di Miami, il volume del campione non deve superare 1 ml e l’imballaggio deve rispettare le linee guida delle normative sulle merci pericolose (“Dangerous Goods“) , essere sufficientemente assorbente in caso di perdite e abbastanza robusto da impedire danni al contenitore. Non è richiesta un’etichetta speciale per la spedizione de minimis. Per informazioni dettagliate, consultare le normative IATA sulle merci pericolose (“IATA [Dangerous Goods Regulations](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html)“) .
## [Beta richiede una SDS/MSDS?](#collapse8)
Tutti i campioni di sostanze chimiche devono essere accompagnati dalla relativa scheda di sicurezza, che può essere caricata sul modulo online. È possibile inviarne una copia via email all’account manager che sta seguendo il caso o caricarla al momento della compilazione del modulo online.
## [Beta può accettare campioni di sostanze cancerogene?](#collapse9)
Il nostro laboratorio non è attrezzato per gestire o smaltire alcuni materiali pericolosi, perciò non possiamo accettare materiali cancerogeni o materiali che richiedono procedure di smaltimento speciali. Nel caso di sostanze altamente infiammabili o di alcune sostanze tossiche (ad esempio, i fenoli), possiamo accettare quantità molto ridotte, tali da non costituire un problema di smaltimento. Raccomandiamo comunque di contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni per ricevere indicazioni sulla quantità appropriata di materiale.
## [È possibile richiedere la restituzione dei campioni?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta NON restituisce campioni originali non utilizzati o materiale pretrattato in eccesso. Il cliente è tenuto a inviare esclusivamente la quantità richiesta dal laboratorio. Eventuale materiale in eccesso verrà smaltito.
## [Per quanto tempo vengono conservati i campioni?](#collapse11)
Se le dimensioni del campione lo consentono, il laboratorio conserva una piccola aliquota del materiale originale e/o pretrattato per un periodo di 30 giorni dalla data di emissione del rapporto di prova, come misura interna di [garanzia di qualità](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) per permettere, se necessario, analisi di controllo o ulteriori indagini. Nota: Beta non archivia né conserva i campioni d’acqua.
**In seguito a questo periodo di archiviazione, tutti i contenitori e i campioni in eccesso (originali e pretrattati) vengono smaltiti tramite incenerimento.**
**Comunicazioni e smaltimento dei campioni:** nel caso in cui il laboratorio contatti il cliente e non riceva una risposta, Beta smaltisce i campioni dopo 6 mesi dalla data di invio dell’email al cliente.
## [Dovremmo inviare istruzioni di sottocampionamento?](#collapseTwelve12)
Inviare istruzioni per il sottocampionamento, se necessario.Se non diversamente richiesto, il laboratorio preleva un sottocampione nella quantità necessaria per l’analisi. Se ci sono istruzioni speciali per garantire che il sottocampione analizzato sia rappresentativo dell’intero prodotto, contattare il laboratorio prima dell’analisi. Poiché i tecnici di Beta non sono esperti di tutti i processi di produzione e tutti i materiali, l’analisi di un campione rappresentativo è responsabilità del cliente.
#### • **Contenitori di spedizione e richiesti**
## [Dove devono essere inviati i campioni? Dove viene effettuata l’analisi?](#collapse12)
Abbiamo diversi uffici spedizioni in tutto il mondo, ma le analisi vengono effettuate esclusivamente nella sede principale di Miami, in Florida. Le aziende europee possono inviare i campioni all’ufficio di Germany. Le aziende con sede in Cina possono inviare i campioni all’ufficio di Xiamen. I campioni provenienti dal Giappone possono essere spediti al nostro agente di Nagoya. Abbiamo anche altri uffici di spedizione nel Regno Unito e in Corea del Sud.
Nota: i biocarburanti devono essere spediti direttamente al laboratorio di Miami perché gli uffici di spedizione internazionale di Beta non sono attrezzati per la gestione dei campioni infiammabili.
## [Beta è responsabile dello sdoganamento dei pacchi dei clienti presso la dogana statunitense?](#collapse13)
No. Prima di inviare i campioni a Miami, assicurarsi che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità dello sdoganamento del pacco alla dogana statunitense. Contattare Beta per consigli sulla spedizione.
Beta non è responsabile dei costi di sdoganamento o di trasporto delle spedizioni internazionali inviate direttamente al laboratorio di Miami. Le spedizioni organizzate attraverso uno spedizioniere devono essere inviate secondo la [regola Incoterms DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). l cliente è responsabile della gestione delle procedure amministrative necessarie per lo sdoganamento.
Per inviare i campioni direttamente a Miami, riportare la dicitura seguente sulla dichiarazione doganale: “Carbon NCM number 2803.00 for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value”
Valore doganale: 1 USD
Tariffa doganale armonizzata (codice HS): 280300
## [È possibile inviare campioni di biocarburanti a un ufficio spedizioni di Beta?](#collapse14)
No. I campioni devono essere spediti direttamente al laboratorio di Miami perché gli uffici di spedizione internazionale di Beta non sono attrezzati per la gestione dei campioni infiammabili.
Spedire i campioni seguendo le linee guida relative alle merci pericolose in quantità consentite (“Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities”) e inviarci per email il nome del corriere e il numero di tracking.
Le sostanze pericolose contrassegnate dai codici IATA per le quantità consentite E1, E2, E4 e E5 e le sostanze nei gruppi d’imballaggio II e III sono idonee alla spedizione “De minimis”. Per spedire come “De Minimis” al nostro ufficio di Miami,il volume del campione non deve superare 1 ml e l’imballaggio deve rispettare le linee guida delle normative sulle merci pericolose (“[Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) Regulations”), essere sufficientemente assorbente in caso di perdite e abbastanza robusto da impedire danni al contenitore. Non è richiesta un’etichetta speciale per la spedizione de minimis. Per informazioni dettagliate, consultare le normative IATA sulle merci pericolose (“IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations”).
## [Quali sono i contenitori richiesti per liquidi con composti organici volatili (COV)? ](#collapseFourteen14)
Provetta di vetro da 1 ml per microcampioni con tappo a ghiera e setto rivestito in Teflon. La provetta deve essere piena (senza spazio vuoto).
Altri esempi di provette che possono essere utilizzate sono disponibili [qui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Non usare provette con tappi rivestiti di cartone e alluminio. Il cartone è incollato al tappo. Queste provette non sono adatte ai combustibili o altri liquidi volatili poiché i vapori possono sciogliere la colla e contaminare il campione durante la spedizione. Anche i tappi a scatto trasparenti non sono generalmente raccomandati per i combustibili.
## [Di quali contenitori avete bisogno per campioni liquidi SENZA COV? ](#collapseFourteen15)
È possibile utilizzare le provette disponibili su questo [sito](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Assicurarsi che le provette siano dotate di tappo a scatto o altra chiusura sicura che impedisca la fuoriuscita del prodotto.
Se si utilizzano microprovette con tappo a vite, assicurarsi che il tappo sia rivestito di materiale inerte come il silicone, il Teflon o altro materiale non reattivo. Non usare provette con tappi rivestiti di cartone e alluminio. Il cartone è incollato al tappo.
## [Quali campioni rientrano nella “spedizione de minimis”? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Le sostanze pericolose contrassegnate dai codici IATA per le quantità consentite E1, E2, E4 e E5 e le sostanze nei gruppi d’imballaggio II e III sono idonee alla spedizione “De minimis”. Per spedire come “De Minimis” al nostro ufficio di Miami,il volume del campione non deve superare 1 ml e l’imballaggio deve rispettare le linee guida delle normative sulle merci pericolose (“Dangerous Goods Regulations”), essere sufficientemente assorbente in caso di perdite e abbastanza robusto da impedire danni al contenitore. Non è richiesta un’etichetta speciale per la spedizione de minimis. Per informazioni dettagliate, consultare le normative IATA sulle merci pericolose (“IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations”).
Quando si inviano campioni direttamente negli Stati Uniti, assicurarsi che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità dello sdoganamento del pacco alla dogana statunitense. Contattare Beta per consigli sulla spedizione.
## [Quale dichiarazione doganale dovrebbe essere utilizzata? ](#collapseFourteen17)
Per inviare i campioni direttamente a Miami, riportare la dicitura seguente sulla dichiarazione doganale: “Carbon NCM number 2803.00 for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value”
Valore doganale: 1 USD
Tariffa doganale armonizzata (codice HS): 280300
#### • **Modulo campioni online**
## [Qual è la norma analitica da selezionare?](#collapse15)
Per tipi di prodotto diversi vengono utilizzati standard analitici diversi. Ad esempio, [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-biobased-standard.html#EN16766) viene utilizzato solo per i solventi biobased, mentre ASTM D6866 è applicabile alla maggior parte dei materiali, inclusi i gas. Gli standard presentano alcune differenze anche nel metodo di calcolo della percentuale biobased. Alcuni esprimono il risultato sotto forma di frazione del carbonio organico totale (TOC), mentre altri sotto forma di frazione del carbonio totale (TC) presente nel campione.
Lo standard analitico necessario dipende dal programma di certificazione selezionato. Ad esempio, la maggior parte dei programmi europei richiede l’uso di uno standard CEN. Il [USDA’s BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) dello USDA utilizza invece solo lo standard ASTM D6866.
#### • **Verifica delle fonti naturali e sintetiche tramite analisi del carbonio-14**
## [Perché l’analisi del carbonio-14 è diversa dagli altri metodi utilizzati per identificare le adulterazioni?](#collapse16)
Solo l’analisi del carbonio-14 permette di individuare gli adulteranti di origine fossile (sintetici), mentre altri metodi possono identificare quelli naturali. Per distinguere tra diversi adulteranti naturali sono necessarie altre analisi chimiche, ad esempio l’analisi degli isotopi stabili.
Potresti anche essere interessato a leggere: [Metodi comuni per la verifica dell’autenticità – L’analisi del carbonio-14 è necessaria?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [Il risultato dell’analisi delle fonti naturali indica quali sono gli ingredienti del prodotto?](#collapse17)
No. Il risultato del test indica solo la percentuale di ingredienti che provengono da biomassa (ad esempio da piante o animali) rispetto ai componenti derivati da fonti fossili (ad esempio dal petrolio). I risultati dell’analisi del carbonio-14 non forniscono alcuna informazione sulla formula del prodotto o sui singoli ingredienti.
#### • **Analisi del carbonio rinnovabile su gas e combustibili derivati da rifiuti**
## [Fornite i contenitori per la raccolta dei gas?](#collapse18)
No. Le sacche Tedlar sono disponibili presso la maggior parte dei fornitori.
## [Offrite il servizio di raccolta dei campioni in loco?](#collapse19)
No, la raccolta dei gas non fa parte dei servizi di SGS Beta.
## [È meglio inviare CO2 o campioni solidi?](#collapse20)
Dipende dal materiale che viene bruciato per generare le emissioni. I gas sono più omogenei e meno complicati da campionare rispetto ai materiali derivati dai rifiuti come i rifiuti solidi urbani.
## [Con che frequenza è necessario analizzare le emissioni o i combustibili derivati dai rifiuti?](#collapse21)
La frequenza di analisi dipende dalle normative dello stato o della regione in cui l’impianto si trova o dalle iniziative sui gas serra selezionate per la partecipazione.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 2026*
---
### [FAQs zu Kohlenstoff-14 Prüfungen & Betas Dienstleistungen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Prüfkosten und Zahlungsmethoden**
## [Erhebt SGS Beta Stornogebühren?](#collapse1)
Die Analysen werden sofort nach Erhalt der Proben gestartet, um sicherzustellen, dass wir unsere versprochene Lieferzeit einhalten. Dies bedeutet, dass auch nach Erhalt der Proben bereits Gebühren anfallen. Änderungsaufträge sind willkommen, aber bitte beachten Sie, dass teilweise oder vollständige Gebühren anfallen, je nachdem, wie viel Arbeit zum Zeitpunkt der Änderungsanfrage abgeschlossen wurde.
## [Welche Zahlungsmethoden bietet SGS Beta an?](#collapse2)
Wir empfehlen die Zahlung per Überweisung oder Kreditkarte. Einzelheiten zu unseren Zahlungsbedingungen finden Sie auf [dieser Seite](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Ergebnisse & Berichte**
## [Wird Beta Kunden informieren, wann die Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind?](#collapse3)
Ein Beta-Vertreter wird sich mit Ihnen in Verbindung setzen, um die sichere Ankunft Ihrer Proben in MIAMI zu bestätigen und Ihnen einen Liefertermin für die Ergebnisse mitzuteilen. Unsere angegebene Bearbeitungszeit beginnt einen Tag nach Eingang im Labor in Miami, ausgenommen Wochenenden. Nach 15 Uhr EST werden die Proben am folgenden Tag im System angemeldet.
## [Können wir den Status unserer Proben im Labor verfolgen?](#collapse4)
Ja. Melden Sie sich im Kundenbereich unserer Website an und wählen Sie dann im Dashboard „Tracking anzeigen“.
## [Ihr Labor hat unsere Produkte in der Vergangenheit mit einer älteren Version eines
Analysestandards (z.B. ASTM D6866-12) getestet. Können Sie den zertifizierten biobasierten
Anteil des Produkts mithilfe des neuen Korrekturfaktors anpassen?](#collapse5)
Nein. Zertifizierungsstellen und Umweltsiegelprogramme verlangen möglicherweise, dass die Produkte erneut mit der neuesten Version des von ihnen empfohlenen Analysestandards getestet werden. Bevor Sie Proben an SGS Beta senden, wenden Sie sich bitte an die Zertifizierungsorganisation oder das Umweltsiegelprogramm, um zu überprüfen, ob ein erneuter Test erforderlich ist.
#### • **Proben & Dokumentation**
## [Akzeptiert Beta Proben mit flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOC) und anderen flüchtigen Bestandteilen?](#collapse6)
Wenn Sie die VOCs in Ihrem Produkt analysieren möchten, wenden Sie sich bitte vor dem Versand der Probe an uns. Wir können nur Gase analysieren, die als CO2 (entweder rein oder in Luftgemischen) eingereicht werden.
Eine genaue Analyse erfordert die Rückgewinnung des gesamten verfügbaren Kohlenstoffs im Produkt. Wenn eine biobasierte Komponente flüchtig ist und eine Erdölkomponente nicht, ist der gemessene biobasierte Gehalt für das Produkt zu niedrig, wenn die flüchtigen Stoffe nicht im gleichen Verhältnis wie die nichtflüchtigen Erdölkomponenten zurückgewonnen werden. Zur Handhabung solcher Proben werden ohne weiteres spezielle Verfahren angewendet, aber das Labor muss sich der Notwendigkeit bewusst sein, z.B Verdunstungs-Handedesinfektionsmittel. Beachten Sie, dass es in der alleinigen Verantwortung des Einsenders liegt, dem Labor diese Informationen zur Verfügung zu stellen.
## [Was ist vor dem Einsenden gefährlicher Proben zu beachten?](#collapse7)
Es ist sehr wichtig, uns vor dem Versand gefährlicher Proben zu informieren, damit wir Ihnen die richtigen Anweisungen und die korrekte Versandadresse geben können. Proben müssen in die USA versandt werden, wenn sie von der International Air Transport Association (IATA) als gefährlich eingestuft werden. Gefährliche Stoffe mit den IATA-Codes für freigestellte Mengen E1, E2, E4 oder E5 und solche in den Verpackungsgruppen II und III qualifizieren sich für den De-Minimis-Versand. Für den Versand als De Minimis an unsere Zentrale in Miami darf das Probenvolumen 1 ml nicht überschreiten und die Verpackung muss den Richtlinien der [Gefahrgut-Vorschriften](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) entsprechen, im Falle eines Auslaufens ausreichend saugfähig und robust genug sein, um einen Bruch zu verhindern. Für den De-Minimis-Versand ist keine besondere Kennzeichnung erforderlich. Detaillierte Informationen finden Sie in den IATA-Gefahrgutvorschriften.
## [Benötigt Beta ein SDS/MSDS?](#collapse8)
Chemikalien müssen ein SDS/MSDS enthalten und uns muss eine Kopie vorliegen. Sie können eine Kopie per E-Mail an Ihren Beta-Kundenbetreuer senden oder mit Ihrem Online-Datenblatt hochladen.
## [Akzeptiert Beta Proben mit krebserregenden Materialien?](#collapse9)
Unser Labor verfügt nicht über die Einrichtungen zur Handhabung oder Entsorgung bestimmter gefährlicher Materialien, und daher können wir keine krebserregenden Materialien oder Materialien annehmen, die spezielle Entsorgungsverfahren erfordern. Bei leicht entzündlichen oder bestimmten giftigen Stoffen (z. B. Phenolen) können wir Kleinstmengen entgegennehmen, sodass eine Entsorgung kein Problem darstellt. Bitte kontaktieren Sie uns vor dem Versand der Proben, um die entsprechende Versandmenge zu besprechen.
## [Kann Beta auf Anfrage Proben zurücksenden?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta sendet KEINE unbenutzten Originalproben oder vorbehandelten überschüssigen Probenmaterialien zurück. Der Kunde muss exakt die vom Labor geforderte Menge einreichen. Überschüssiges Material wird entsorgt.
## [Wie lang ist die Probenaufbewahrungsfrist von Beta? ](#collapse11)
Wenn das eingereichte Material ausreichend groß ist, sodass eine geringe Menge der ursprünglichen und/oder vorbehandelten Probe als Überschuss verbleibt, wird diese Probe für einen Zeitraum von 30 Kalendertagen nach der Berichterstattung bzw. Freigabe der Ergebnisse archiviert. Dies geschieht als interne [Qualitätssicherung](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html), um bei Bedarf Backup-Analysen oder zusätzliche Untersuchungen durchführen zu können. Hinweis: Beta archiviert keine Wasserproben.
**Nach Ablauf dieser Aufbewahrungsfrist werden alle Probenbeutel und überschüssigen Probenmaterialien (original und vorbehandelt) mittels Verbrennung entsorgt.**
**Kommunikation und Probenentsorgung** – SGS Beta wird nach 6 Monaten die Proben entsorgen, wenn es eine offene Kommunikation gibt, aber vom Kunden keine Antwort erhalten wurde.
## [Sollen wir Anweisungen zur Unterstichprobennahme senden?](#collapseTwelve12)
Senden Sie bei Bedarf Anweisungen zur Unterstichprobennahme. Sofern nicht anders angewiesen, werden wir das eingereichte Material in einer für die Analysemethode angemessenen Menge teilbeproben. Wenn es spezielle Anweisungen gibt, um sicherzustellen, dass die Teilprobe die Interessen des Kunden am besten repräsentiert, besprechen Sie dies bitte vor der Analyse mit dem Labor. Da das Labor nicht Experte für alle Herstellungsverfahren und Produkte sein kann, liegt die Verantwortung für die Analyse einer repräsentativen Teilprobe beim Auftraggeber/Einsender.
#### • **Versand und erforderliche Behälter**
## [Wohin werden Proben gesendet? Wo wird die Analyse durchgeführt?](#collapse12)
Wir haben mehrere Speditionseinrichtungen auf der ganzen Welt, aber die Tests werden ausschließlich in der Zentrale in Miami, Florida, durchgeführt. Wenn Sie in Europa sind, senden Sie Ihre Muster bitte an unser Büro Germany. Für China senden Sie diese bitte an unsere Xiamen-Adresse. Senden Sie Muster aus Japan bitte an unseren Vertreter in Nagoya. Wir haben ebenfalls Versandeinrichtungen in Großbritannien und Südkorea.
Hinweis: Biokraftstoffe müssen direkt an unser Labor in Miami verschickt werden, da die internationalen Speditionsbüros von Beta nicht für den Umgang mit diesen Materialien ausgestattet sind.
## [Ist Beta dafür verantwortlich, die Sendung eines Kunden beim US-Zoll abzufertigen?](#collapse13)
Nein. Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass das von Ihnen gewählte Versandunternehmen die volle Verantwortung für die Abfertigung des Pakets beim US-Zoll übernimmt, wenn Sie Proben direkt in die USA senden. Für eine Versandberatung können Sie sich gerne an uns wenden.
Beta ist nicht verantwortlich für die Abfertigungs- oder Transportkosten von internationalen Sendungen, die nicht über eines unserer Speditionsbüros versandt werden. Sendungen, die über eine Spedition arrangiert werden, müssen gemäß den [DDP-Bedingungen](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) versendet werden. Der Versender ist für die Abwicklung der administrativen Anforderungen zur Freigabe der Sendung verantwortlich.
Wenn Sie direkt nach Miami senden, verwenden Sie bitte diese Angaben für die Zolldeklaration: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Zoll- und Frachtwert: 1 USD
Harmonisierte Tarifnummer (HS-Code) – 280300
## [Können wir Biokraftstoffe an ein Speditionsbüro von Beta senden?](#collapse14)
Nein. Die Proben müssen direkt an unser Labor in Miami geschickt werden, da die internationalen Speditionsbüros von Beta nicht für den Umgang mit Biokraftstoffen ausgestattet sind.
Bitte senden Sie Ihre Proben gemäß den Richtlinien “De-Minimis Versand” und e-mailen Sie uns die Kurier- und Sendungsnummer.
Gefährliche Stoffe mit den IATA (International Air Transport Association) Mengen-Codes E1, E2, E4 oder E5 und die in den Verpackungsgruppen II und III sind für einen De-Minimis Versand geeignet. Um sie als De-Minimis an unser Büro in Miami zu senden, darf das Probenvolumen 1 ml nicht überschreiten und die Verpackung muss den Richtlinien der [Gefahrgutvorschriften](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) entsprechen, im Falle einer Beschädigung ausreichend saugfähig und robust genug sein, um einen Bruch zu verhindern. Für den De-Minimis-Versand ist keine besondere Kennzeichnung erforderlich. Detaillierte Informationen finden Sie in den IATA-Gefahrgutvorschriften.
## [Welche Behälter benötigen Sie für Flüssigkeiten mit flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOCs)? ](#collapseFourteen14)
1-ml-Mikroproben-Fläschchen aus Glas mit Bördelverschluss und teflonbeschichtetem Septum. Die Durchstechflasche sollte keinen Kopfraum haben.
Weitere Beispiele für geeignete Fläschchen finden Sie [hier](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Verwenden Sie bitte keine Gefäße, deren Verschluss eine mit Aluminiumfolie beschichtete Kartonabdichtung aufweist. Die Kartonseite ist mit dem Verschluss verklebt. Solche Gefäße sind nicht geeignet für flüchtige Flüssigkeiten, da die Dämpfe den Kleber auflösen können, was zur Verunreinigung der Probe während des Transports führen kann. Die durchsichtigen Schnappverschlüsse werden normalerweise nicht für die Verwendung mit Kraftstoffen empfohlen.
## [Welche Behälter benötigen Sie für flüssige Proben ohne flüchtige organische Verbindungen (VOC)? ](#collapseFourteen15)
Sie können auch Fläschchen verwenden, die Sie auf dieser [Seite](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html) finden. Stellen Sie sicher, dass die Fläschchen Schnappverschlüsse oder einen festen Verschluss haben, der ein Auslaufen verhindert.
Wenn Sie kleinvolumige Schraubverschlussfläschchen verwenden, stellen Sie sicher, dass sie eine nicht reaktive Kappenauskleidung aus Silikon und Teflon oder einem anderen chemisch nicht reaktiven Material nutzen. Verwenden Sie keine Durchstechflaschen, deren Kappen mit einem Stück Pappe ausgekleidet sind, das auf einer Seite mit Aluminiumfolie bedeckt ist. Die Kartonseite wird mit der Kappe verklebt.
## [Welche Proben fallen unter den „De-minimis-Versand“? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Gefährliche Stoffe mit den IATA (International Air Transport Association) Mengen-Codes E1, E2, E4 oder E5 und die in den Verpackungsgruppen II und III sind für einen De-Minimis Versand geeignet. Um sie als De-Minimis an unser Büro in Miami zu senden, darf das Probenvolumen 1 ml nicht überschreiten und die Verpackung muss den Richtlinien der Gefahrgutvorschriften entsprechen, im Falle einer Beschädigung ausreichend saugfähig und robust genug sein, um einen Bruch zu verhindern. Für den De-Minimis-Versand ist keine besondere Kennzeichnung erforderlich. Detaillierte Informationen finden Sie in den IATA-Gefahrgutvorschriften.
Wenn Sie Proben direkt zu uns in die USA versenden, stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass der gewählte Paketdienst die volle Verantwortung für die Zollabfertigungen übernimmt. Gern können Sie uns für eine Beratung bezüglich des Probenversands kontaktieren.
## [Welche Zolldeklaration ist zu verwenden? ](#collapseFourteen17)
Wenn Sie direkt nach Miami senden, verwenden Sie bitte diese Deklaration für die Zolldeklaration: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Zoll- und Frachtwert: 1 USD
Harmonisierte Tarifnummer (HS-Code) – 280300
#### • **Online-Datenblatt**
## [Welchen Analysestandard müssen wir auswählen?](#collapse15)
Für verschiedene Produkttypen gelten unterschiedliche Analysestandards. Beispielsweise gilt [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-biobasierte-entwickelt.html#EN16766) nur für biobasierte Lösungsmittel, während die Norm ASTM D6866 für fast alle Produkte, einschließlich Gase, gilt. Die Standards weisen auch geringfügige Unterschiede bei der Berechnung des biobasierten Prozentsatzes auf. Einige Standards geben die Ergebnisse als Anteil des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs (TOC) an, während andere die Ergebnisse als Anteil des gesamten im Material vorhandenen Kohlenstoffs (TC) angeben.
Der analytische Standard hängt von dem Programm ab, das Sie auswählen. Beispielsweise empfehlen die meisten Programme in Europa einen CEN-Analysestandard. Das [USDA’s BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biobevorzugt.html) der USDA verwendet derzeit nur ASTM D6866-Tests.
#### • **Prüfung des natürlichen und des synthetischen Anteils mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse**
## [Worin unterscheidet sich die Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse von anderen Testmethoden zum Nachweis von Verfälschungen?](#collapse16)
Nur eine Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse kann überprüfen, ob die Verfälschung auf fossile Quellen (synthetisch) zurückzuführen ist, während die anderen Methoden nur Verfälschungsmittel aus natürlichen Quellen nachweisen können. Um zwischen verschiedenen und natürlichen Verfälschungsmitteln zu unterscheiden, sind andere chemische Analysen erforderlich, z.B. eine stabile Isotopenanalyse.
Dies könnte Sie ebenfalls interessieren: [Gängige Authentizität-Testmethoden – Ist eine Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse erforderlich?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [Zeigen die Testergebnisse für natürliche Quellen auch die tatsächlichen Inhaltsstoffe des Produkts?](#collapse17)
Nein. Die Testergebnisse zeigen nur den Prozentsatz der Inhaltsstoffe, die aus Biomasse stammen (z.B. Pflanzen, Tiere), im Vergleich zu Komponenten, die aus fossilen Quellen stammen (z.B. aus Erdöl gewonnen). Die Kohlenstoff-14-Testergebnisse liefern keine Daten zur Produktformulierung oder zu einzelnen Inhaltsstoffen.
#### • **Prüfung des erneuerbaren Kohlenstoffs von Gasen & Abfallbrennstoffen**
## [Stellen Sie Gasbehälter zur Verfügung?](#collapse18)
Nein. Sie können Tedlar-Gasbeutel bei allen Lieferanten kaufen.
## [Bieten Sie eine Probensammlung vor Ort an? ](#collapse19)
Nein, die Gasprobenahme gehört nicht zu den Dienstleistungen von SGS Beta.
## [Ist es besser, Kohlendioxid (CO2) oder feste Proben zu senden?](#collapse20)
Dies hängt von den Materialien ab, die zur Erzeugung der Emissionen verbrannt werden. Gasproben sind homogener und weniger kompliziert zu beproben als Abfallproben, wie z.B. feste Siedlungsabfälle.
## [Wie oft sollten wir unsere Emissionen oder aus Abfällen gewonnenen Kraftstoffe testen? ](#collapse21)
Die Testhäufigkeit hängt von den in Ihrem Land oder Ihrer Region geltenden Vorschriften oder den für die Anwendung ausgewählten Treibhausgasinitiativen ab.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: März 2026*
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### [Preguntas frecuentes sobre análisis de carbono-14 y los servicios de SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html)
**Published:** January 26, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### • **Tarifas y métodos de pago**
## [¿Beta cobra tarifas de cancelación?](#collapse1)
Los análisis comienzan inmediatamente después de recibir las muestras para garantizar el cumplimiento de la fecha de entrega prometida. Esto significa que los costes del análisis también se inician en cuanto las muestras llegan al laboratorio. Puede solicitar cambios en sus análisis, pero tenga en cuenta que podrían aplicarse costes parciales o totales dependiendo de la fase en la que esté el análisis cuando se solicita el cambio.
## [¿Cuáles son los métodos de pago aceptados por Beta?](#collapse2)
Recomendamos el pago por transferencia bancaria o tarjeta de crédito. Para más información sobre nuestras condiciones de pago, consulte [esta página](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html).
#### • **Resultados e informes**
## [¿Beta informa a sus clientes el tiempo de entrega de los resultados? ](#collapse3)
Un representante de Beta se pondrá en contacto con usted para confirmar la llegada segura de sus muestras y proporcionarle una fecha de entrega de los resultados. El tiempo de entrega indicado empieza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana. Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente.
## [¿Podemos consultar el estado de nuestras muestras en el laboratorio?](#collapse4)
Sí. Inicie sesión en el “Área de clientes” de nuestro sitio web y, a continuación, seleccione “Ver el estado del análisis”.
## [Hace tiempo su laboratorio analizó nuestros productos utilizando una versión anterior de una norma analítica
(por ejemplo, ASTM D6866-12). ¿Pueden ajustar el contenido de base biológica certificado
del producto usando el nuevo factor de corrección?](#collapse5)
No. Las agencias de certificación y los programas de etiquetado ecológico pueden requerir que los productos vuelvan a ser analizados conforme a la última versión de la norma analítica que recomiendan. Antes de enviar muestras a SGS Beta, por favor contacte al organismo de certificación o al programa de etiquetado ecológico para verificar si es necesario volver a realizar el análisis.
#### • **Muestras y documentación**
## [¿Beta acepta muestras con compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) u otros componentes volátiles?](#collapse6)
Si desea analizar los VOC de su producto, consúltenos antes de enviar la muestra. Solo podemos analizar gases enviados como CO2 (ya sea puro o en mezclas de aire).
Un análisis preciso requiere la recuperación de todo el carbono disponible en el producto. Si un componente de base biológica es volátil y un componente de petróleo no lo es, el contenido de base biológica medido para el producto será demasiado bajo si los componentes volátiles no se recuperan en la misma proporción que los componentes de petróleo no volátiles. Es posible aplicar fácilmente procedimientos especiales para manejar dichas muestras, pero es necesario avisar al laboratorio con antelación al enviar este tipo de muestras, por ejemplo, desinfectantes de manos por evaporación. Tenga en cuenta que es responsabilidad exclusiva del remitente proporcionar esta información al laboratorio.
## [¿Qué hacer antes de enviar muestras peligrosas?](#collapse7)
Es muy importante que se comunique con nosotros antes de enviar muestras peligrosas para que le proporcionemos las instrucciones de envío y la dirección postal correctas. Las muestras deben enviarse a EE.UU., si la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA) las designa como peligrosas. Las sustancias peligrosas asignadas a los códigos de cantidades exceptuadas E1, E2, E4 o E5 de la IATA, así como aquéllas en los Grupos de Embalaje II y III, cumplen los requisitos para envíos De Minimis. Para envíos bajo el régimen De Minimis a nuestra oficina en Miami, el volumen de la muestra no debe exceder de 1 mL y el embalaje debe cumplir con las directrices establecidas en las Regulaciones de Mercancías Peligrosas siendo suficientemente absorbente en caso de filtraciones y suficientemente resistente para evitar rupturas. No se requiere un etiquetado especial para envíos realizados bajo dicho régimen. Para obtener más información, consulte las [Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) de la IATA.
## [¿Beta requiere una ficha de datos de seguridad SDS/MSDS?](#collapse8)
Los productos químicos deben incluir la ficha SDS/MSDS. Debemos contar con una copia en nuestros registros. Puede enviar una copia por correo electrónico al gerente de cuentas Beta o adjuntarla a su formulario en línea.
## [¿Beta acepta muestras con materiales cancerígenos? ](#collapse9)
Nuestro laboratorio no cuenta con instalaciones para manejar o eliminar ciertos materiales peligrosos y, por lo tanto, no podemos aceptar materiales cancerígenos o materiales que requieran procedimientos especiales de desecho de residuos. En el caso de ciertos materiales altamente inflamables o tóxicos (por ejemplo, fenoles) podemos aceptar cantidades muy pequeñas para que la eliminación no sea un problema. Sin embargo, le pedimos comunicarse con nosotros antes de enviar este tipo de muestras para discutir la cantidad apropiada para el envío.
## [¿Beta devuelve muestras bajo solicitud?](#collapse10)
SGS Beta NO devolverá ningún material de muestra excedente original o pretratado que no se haya utilizado. El cliente debe enviar la cantidad exacta requerida por el laboratorio. Cualquier exceso de material será desechado.
## [¿Cuál es el periodo de conservación de muestras?](#collapse11)
Cuando la muestra enviada sea lo suficientemente grande como para que quede una pequeña cantidad de material después del pretratamiento y el análisis, SGS Beta conservará dicho material durante 30 días naturales a partir de la emisión del informe de resultados. Esta medida forma parte de la política de [Garantía de Calidad](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) del laboratorio y permite realizar análisis de respaldo o investigaciones adicionales, si es necesario. Nota: Beta no archiva ni retiene muestras de agua.
**Después de dicho periodo de conservación, todas las bolsas y material sobrante (original o pretratado) serán eliminados mediante incineración.**
**Comunicación y desecho de muestras** – SGS Beta desechará las muestras después de 6 meses que haya comunicación pendiente y no se haya recibido respuesta del cliente sobre cómo proceder.
## [¿Deberíamos enviar instrucciones de submuestreo?](#collapseTwelve12)
Envíe instrucciones de submuestreo según sea necesario. UA menos que se indique lo contrario, tomaremos submuestras del material enviado en una cantidad razonable para el análisis. Si hay instrucciones especiales para garantizar que la submuestra represente mejor los intereses del cliente, consulte con el laboratorio antes del análisis. Dado que el laboratorio no puede ser experto en todos los procesos y productos de fabricación, la responsabilidad del análisis de una submuestra representativa recae en el cliente.
#### • **Envío y contenedores requeridos**
## [¿A dónde debería enviar las muestras? ¿Dónde se realiza el análisis?](#collapse12)
Contamos con varias oficinas de envío en todo el mundo, pero los análisis solamente se realizan en la sede central en Miami, Florida. Si se encuentra en Europa, por favor envíe sus muestras a nuestra oficina Germany. Si está en China, por favor envíelas a la dirección de Xiamen. Si se encuentra en Japón, envíe las muestras a nuestro agente en Nagoya. También contamos con oficinas en el Reino Unido y Corea del sur.
Nota: Los biocombustibles deben enviarse directamente al laboratorio de Miami, ya que las oficinas de envío internacionales de Beta no están equipadas para manipular estos materiales.
## [¿Beta se encarga de despachar el paquete de un cliente en la aduana estadounidense?](#collapse13)
No. Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a los Estados Unidos, asegúrese que la empresa de mensajería que elija se haga totalmente responsable de liberar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense. Le invitamos a ponerse en contacto con nosotros para obtener asesoramiento sobre el envío.
Beta no es responsable de los costos de despacho o transporte de los envíos internacionales que no se realicen a través de una de nuestras oficinas de envío. Los envíos organizados a través de un agente de carga deben enviarse bajo los [términos del DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). El remitente es responsable de manejar los requisitos administrativos para liberar el envío.
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Miami, por favor incluya la siguiente descripción en la declaración de aduanas: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Código arancelario (HS code) – 280300
## [¿Podemos enviar biocombustubles a una oficina de envío internacional de Beta?](#collapse14)
No. Las muestras deben enviarse directamente al laboratorio de Miami porque las oficinas de envío internacionales de Beta no están equipadas para manipular biocombustibles.
Por favor envíe sus muestras conforme a los lineamientos indicados en “Envíos De Minimis” y envíenos por correo electrónico el nombre de la empresa de mensajería y el número de guía.
Las sustancias peligrosas asignadas a los códigos de cantidades exceptuadas E1, E2, E4 o E5 de la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA por sus siglas en inglés), así como aquéllas en los Grupos de Embalaje II y III, cumplen los requisitos para envíos De Minimis (simplificados). Para envíos bajo el régimen De Minimis a nuestra oficina en Miami, el volumen de la muestra no debe exceder de 1 mL, y el embalaje debe cumplir con los lineamientos establecidos en las Regulaciones sobre [Mercancías Peligrosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html), siendo suficientemente absorbente en caso de filtraciones y suficientemente resistente para evitar rupturas. No se requiere un etiquetado especial para envíos De Minimis. Para información detallada, consulte las Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas de la IATA.
## [¿Cuáles son los contenedores necesarios para líquidos con compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV)? ](#collapseFourteen14)
Un vial para micromuestras de vidrio de 1 mL con tapa de rosca y tabique recubierto de teflón. El vial deberá estar lleno (sin espacio libre).
Otros ejemplos de viales se pueden encontrar [aquí](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). No utilice viales con tapas forradas con cartón pegado a la tapa y una capa de aluminio. El lado de cartón está pegado a la tapa. Estos no son adecuados para líquidos volátiles ya que los vapores pueden disolver el pegamento y contaminar la muestra durante el envío. Las tapas a presión transparentes tampoco son recomendables para combustibles.
## [¿Qué contenedores necesita para muestras líquidas SIN COV? ](#collapseFourteen15)
También puede usar los frascos que encontrará en [esta web](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html). Asegúrese de que los frascos tengan tapas a presión o cualquier cierre hermético. Envuelva los frascos correctamente para evitar que se rompan durante el envío.
Si utiliza frascos con tapón de rosca de bajo volumen, asegúrese de que tengan un revestimiento de tapa no reactivo hecho de silicona y teflón o algún otro material químicamente no reactivo. No utilize frascos que tengan tapas forradas con un trozo de cartón con una cara de papel de aluminio en un lado.
## [¿Qué muestras califican bajo “envío de minimis”? ](#collapseFourteen16)
Las sustancias peligrosas asignadas a los códigos de cantidades exceptuadas E1, E2, E4 o E5 de la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA por sus siglas en inglés), así como aquéllas en los Grupos de Embalaje II y III, cumplen los requisitos para envíos De Minimis (simplificados). Para envíos bajo el régimen De Minimis a nuestra oficina en Miami, el volumen de la muestra no debe exceder de 1 mL, y el embalaje debe cumplir con los lineamientos establecidos en las Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas, siendo suficientemente absorbente en caso de filtraciones y suficientemente resistente para evitar rupturas. No se requiere un etiquetado especial para envíos De Minimis. Para información detallada, consulte las Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas de la IATA.
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Estados Unidos, por favor asegúrese de que su empresa de mensajería se haga totalmente responsable de liberar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense. No dude en contactarnos si necesita asistencia con el envío.
## [¿Qué declaración de aduana se debe utilizar? ](#collapseFourteen17)
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Miami, por favor incluya la siguiente descripción en la declaración de aduanas: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Código arancelario (HS code) – 280300
#### • **Formulario de datos en línea**
## [¿Qué norma analítica debemos seleccionar?](#collapse15)
Las diferentes normas analíticas son aplicables a diferentes tipos de productos. Por ejemplo, la norma [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16766) solo es aplicable a solventes de base biológica, mientras que la norma ASTM D6866 es válida casi para cualquier producto, incluidos gases. Las normas también tienen ligeras diferencias en cuanto al cálculo del porcentaje de base biológica. Algunas normas requieren que los resultados se expresen en el informe final como fracción del carbono orgánico total (TOC), mientras que otras lo requieren como fracción del carbono total (TC) presente en el material.
La norma analítica depende del programa seleccionado. Por ejemplo, la mayoría de los programas en Europa recomiendan una norma analítica CEN. El [programa de etiquetado voluntario BioPreferred](%20https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html) de USDA solamente acepta el análisis ASTM D6866 en estos momentos.
#### • **Análisis de contenido natural vs sintético mediante Carbono-14**
## [ ¿Qué hace diferente al análisis de Carbono-14 de otros métodos usados para detectar adulteraciones?](#collapse16)
Solo el análisis de Carbono-14 puede determinar si existe adulteración con fuentes fósiles (sintéticas); mientras que los otros métodos solo pueden detectar adulterantes de origen natural. Para identificar los diferentes adulterantes naturales se requieren otros análisis químicos, como por ejemplo el análisis de isótopos estables.
Quizá también le interese leer los siguientes artículos: [Métodos de autenticidad comúnmente utilizados – ¿Es necesario el análisis de Carbono-14?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
## [¿Los resultados del análisis de contenido natural muestran los ingredientes que hay en el producto?](#collapse17)
No. Los resultados del análisis solo indican el porcentaje de ingredientes derivados de biomasa (por ejemplo, plantas y animales) con respecto al porcentaje de componentes de origen fósil (como los derivados del petróleo). Los resultados del análisis de Carbono-14 no proporcionan datos sobre la formulación del producto o los ingredientes individuales.
#### • **Análisis de carbono renovable de gases y combustibles derivados de residuos**
## [¿Proporcionan bolsas colectoras de gas?](#collapse18)
No. Puede comprar bolsas de gas Tedlar de cualquier proveedor.
## [¿Ustedes vienen a recoger las muestras?](#collapse19)
No, el muestreo de gas no forma parte de los servicios de SGS Beta.
## [¿Es preferible enviar muestras de dióxido de carbono (CO2) o muestras sólidas?](#collapse20)
Depende de los materiales que son incinerados para generar las emisiones. Las muestras de gas son más homogéneas y menos complicadas para su recolección que las muestras sólidas como las de residuos sólidos urbanos.
## [ ¿Con qué frecuencia deberíamos analizar nuestras emisiones o combustibles derivados de residuos?](#collapse21)
La frecuencia depende de las regulaciones existentes en su estado o región, o de las iniciativas en materia de gases de efecto invernadero en las que participe.
*Última actualización de la página: Marzo de 2026*
---
### [Ready to join SGS Beta?](https://www.betalabservices.com/careers.html)
**Published:** August 29, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
SGS Beta strives to provide a portfolio of specialty laboratory services to organizations across the globe who value high-quality commercial-grade data with a fast delivery. We contribute to the advancement of knowledge and support progress in several sectors including archaeology, geology, hydrology, climate science, water quality, waste-to-energy, renewable fuels, biobased and natural products. SGS Beta values its global team’s effort to extend its expertise and impact around the world, helping to grow the lab’s reputation as the industry leader. Beta’s values include data integrity, timely data, safety, environmental responsibility, customer experience and client support, multicultural inclusion, a work/life balance, and continued professional development.
## Our Mission
We provide our clients our best offering in quality, timely data and customer services in the areas of Radiocarbon Dating, Stable Isotope Analysis, Renewable Carbon testing, Biobased Content measurements, Biofuels testing and Natural Product Testing. In doing so, we help our clients drive great decisions.
[Contact us to join our team](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com)
---
### [Biobased Content in Total Organic Carbon & Biogenic Content in Total Carbon](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Modern biomass-derived carbon can be measured within the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) or Total Carbon (TC) portion of solids, liquids, and gases to predict the biobased/biogenic portion of the sample in question. **Biobased** and **biogenic** are both defined as materials containing carbon of renewable origin, e.g. new carbon from plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms or marine materials. Typically, ***biobased*** is used to define a product of ***biogenic*** origin, but these terms are often used interchangeably.
## Total Organic Carbon
TOC has traditionally been the standard reporting format for the biobased industry since many products typically contain a large portion of inorganic carbon, usually in the form of carbonates (e.g. limestone, dolomite and other carbon from mineral precipitation often used as fillers or binders) which have little to no radiocarbon activity. According to the current definition of the ASTM D6866 standard, biobased products only consider the TOC portion.
## Total Carbon
TC, on the other hand, is often used for the testing of biofuels, gas stack emissions and cement. Within these industries, the net greenhouse contribution of the material or process in question is relevant and thus both the fossil portion and the modern portion must be reported. This is important to identify how significantly the process is impacting the modern carbon cycle (e.g. the carbon footprint). Such measurements are often completed at multiple stages of a product/process life cycle to ensure all potential fossil fuel emissions are accounted for.
Reference: [ASTM D6866-24 – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis](https://www.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
*Page last updated: March 2024*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html)
**Published:** July 23, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 16620 – Biobased Content Testing of Plastics & Other Products
Measuring % Biobased Carbon vs % Fossil Carbon
[Contact us for details](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
- ISO 16620 measures the biobased carbon content of plastic products, polymers, and additives.
- Using Carbon-14 analysis, this standard can also be used to verify the natural source versus petrochemical-derived components of flavors, fragrances, supplements, beverages and other products.
- SGS Beta provides fast and accurate ISO 16620-2 testing.
## ISO 16620 Standard for Plastics
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published a series of standards focused on the **biobased content** of plastics. One of the standards can determine the exact percentage of carbon in the plastic material that comes from renewable sources or biomass:
- ISO 16620-2:2019 Plastics — Biobased content — Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content
ISO 16620-2 requires **Carbon-14 analysis** and expresses biobased carbon content as a fraction of sample mass, total carbon content, or total organic carbon content. This standard is applicable to plastic products, polymer resins, monomers, or additives, which are made from biobased or fossil-based constituents. The standard is available for download at the [ISO website](https://www.iso.org/standard/72474.html) for a fee.
## How does ISO 16620-2 detect Petroleum-derived Synthetic Substances in Natural Ingredients?
ISO 16620-2 detects artificial substances in materials through Carbon-14 analysis. Materials sourced completely from biomass (such as plant extracts) have a known Carbon-14 level and will be 100% biobased, according to ISO 16620-2. On the other hand, materials wholly made from petroleum-derived components have no Carbon-14 and will be 0% biobased. A product made of biomass and petroleum-based raw materials will have a biobased content between 0% and 100%, depending on the quantity of each component in the product.
ISO 16620-2 does not differentiate whether the natural product is sourced from specific plants, animals, or microbiological materials. It is not a content specification analysis. The ISO 16620-2 report shows the percentage of a product that comes from natural sources (biobased content) versus synthetic petroleum-derived content.
### Ready to submit your products for ISO 16620-2 testing?
Sample sizes, recommended containers and other details are found in our submission guidelines for [Plastic Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html) and [Natural Ingredients](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/samples.html).
### SGS Beta’s High-Quality ISO 16620-2 Testing Services
Our ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited laboratory routinely reports results with quality assurance reports included on your personal online account in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less.
Customer support is available in English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.
### Results Reported according to ISO 16620-2 Method C
SGS Beta uses accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), referred to as Method C in the ISO 16620-2 standard. We measure isotopic ratios and report results according to ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of [Total Carbon or Total Organic Carbon](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). We do not report Carbon-14 results as a fraction of Total Carbon by mass.
*SGS Beta is not affiliated with ISO or its technical committees.*
HIGH-QUALITY LAB
#### SGS Beta offers standard and priority services for ISO 16620 testing.
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: November 2025
---
### [Beta Analytic – Warum wir keine Proben mit Tracer Kohlenstoff-14 akzeptieren](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/tracer-freies-labor.html)
**Published:** April 1, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Unser ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiertes Beta Analytic Labor ist Tracer-frei. Wir akzeptieren keine pharmazeutischen Proben mit „Tracer Kohlenstoff-14“ oder andere Materialien, die künstlichen Kohlenstoff-14 enthalten, um das Risiko einer Kreuzkontamination auszuschließen. Proben, die künstlich mit Kohlenstoff-12, Kohlenstoff-13 oder einem anderen Isotop angereichert wurden, werden ebenfalls nicht zur Analyse angenommen, da sie die Laborgeräte beschädigen können. Diese Richtlinie ist Teil unserer Verpflichtung, allen unseren Kunden qualitativ hochwertige Ergebnisse zu liefern.
Pharmazeutische Unternehmen bewerten den Arzneimittelstoffwechsel anhand einer radioaktiv markierten Version des untersuchten Arzneimittels. Die biomedizinischen AMS Laboratorien verwenden Kohlenstoff-14 als Tracer, da er Kohlenstoff-12-Atome im Arzneimittelmolekül leicht ersetzen kann und relativ sicher zu handhaben ist. Da jedoch das in diesen Studien verwendete künstliche Kohlenstoff-14 im Vergleich zu den natürlichen Mengen phänomenal hoch (enorm) ist und nach der Verwendung in einem AMS-Labor allgegenwärtig wird, kann eine Kreuzkontamination innerhalb des AMS und der Chemieleitungen nicht vermieden werden. Obwohl dies in einer biomedizinischen AMS-Einrichtung akzeptabel sein kann, ist es in einer Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungs-Einrichtung nicht akzeptabel.
## Keine Belastung durch künstlichen Kohlenstoff-14
Laut ASTM International gilt die Norm ASTM D6866 für Labors, die ohne Belastung durch künstlichen Kohlenstoff-14 arbeiten, das routinemäßig in biomedizinischen Studien verwendet wird. Künstlicher Kohlenstoff-14 kann im Labor in Konzentrationen von 1.000 Mal oder mehr als 100% biobasierter Materialien und 100.000 Mal mehr als 1% biobasierter Materialien vorhanden sein. Einmal im Labor, kann künstliches 14C auf Materialien und anderen Oberflächen unauffindbar allgegenwärtig werden und zufällig eine unbekannte Probe kontaminieren, was zu ungenau hohen biobasierten Ergebnissen führt. Trotz energischer Versuche, kontaminierendes künstliches 14C aus einem Labor zu entfernen, hat sich die Isolierung als die einzig erfolgreiche Methode zur Vermeidung erwiesen. Von Laboren, die künstlichem 14C ausgesetzt sind, sind vollständig getrennte chemische Labors und extreme Maßnahmen zur Nachweisvalidierung erforderlich.
Haftungsausschluss: Dieses Video wird auf der Website Dritter bereit gestellt und kann Werbung enthalten.
---
## Schneller Service ohne Subunternehmer
Wir vergeben keine Arbeiten an andere Labore. Unsere Politik ist es, direkten Kontakt mit unseren Kunden zu haben, eine vollständige Kontrollkette bei der Qualitätskontrolle aufrechtzuerhalten, unsere eigenen AMS-Maschinen zu verwenden und über ein vollständiges Arbeitswissen über jede Analyse zu verfügen, um Fragen bestmöglich zu beantworten, sobald die Ergebnisse verfügbar sind.
Wir sind in der Lage, einen so schnellen Service anzubieten, weil alle Analysen im eigenen Haus durchgeführt werden; Wir haben mehrere Beschleuniger und ein engagiertes Vollzeitpersonal aus Technikern und Wissenschaftlern, die bei Bedarf Überstunden machen, um die versprochenen Lieferzeiten einzuhalten.
Für Anfragen senden Sie uns bitte eine E-Mail an [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") oder rufen Sie uns an unter +(1) 305-662-7760.
Kunden von Beta Analytic, die Proben mit künstlichem/markiertem/Tracer-Kohlenstoff-14 einsenden, haften für die Schäden und Reinigungskosten gemäß unseren [**Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**.**
**Verweise:**
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
*Letzte Aktualisierung: November 2022*
---
### [国際連合気候変動枠組条約](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/cdm-am0025.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 国連クリーン開発メカニズム(CDM)：AM0025は有機廃棄物の処理方法変更による有機廃棄物からのメタンガス回避の方法論です。
- ASTM D6866試験を義務づけているAM0025は、ACM0022に置き換えられました。
- ベータ・アナリティック社はASTM D6866試験において豊富な経験を有しておりCDMプロジェクトを実施している企業様に信頼性の高いデータをご提供いたします。
国際連合気候変動枠組条約(UNFCCC)クリーン開発メカニズム(CDM)では、特定プロジェクトごとに異なる方法論が設定されています。 例として、廃棄物処理方法の変更に関する方法論である AM0025が挙げられます。
AM0025(代替的廃棄物処理プロセスを通じて、有機廃棄物からのメタンガスを避ける)では、廃棄物固形燃料からの排出ガス中の化石炭素の割合を決定するために、ASTM D6866試験を義務づけていました。この方法論は、2012年に ACM0022 (大規模方法論 – 代替廃棄処理プロセス)に置き換えられました。
ACM0022方法論では、プロジェクト参加者が、都市ゴミのような廃棄物固形燃料から排出される全炭素量に対する化石炭素の割合を測定する際にASTM D6866試験を推奨しています。ACM0022の有効なバージョン Version 2.0は2014年11月28日に発効となりました。
ACM0022は、以下の廃棄処理の項目を1つ以上含むプロジェクトに適用されます。
- 好気条件でのコンポスト化
- 合成ガス化とその用途
- バイオガス収集および燃焼にともなう嫌気性消化、および/または、その用途
- [RDF](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)/安定バイオマスを生成するための機械/熱処理とその用途
- エネルギー生成（電気および/または熱）のための未処理廃棄物の燃却
- 共同コンポスト化もしくは嫌気消化による固形廃棄物を伴う下水処理
## CDMについて
京都議定書において制定されたUNFCCCクリーン開発メカニズム(CDM) は、温室効果ガス排出量削減目標を達成するために各国を支援する目的で開発された制度の1つであり、初めての国家間における環境クレジット政策です。 CDMでは、先進国は、開発途上国のプロジェクトを通じて排出削減保証(CER)クレジットを取得することができます。
これらのプロジェクトでは、温室効果ガス排出量を削減しなければなりません。 プロジェクト所有者は取引、売却可能なCERを取得することができます。1 CERは二酸化炭素1トンに相当します。
CDMとそのCERに対する要求は、2012年に終了した京都議定書の際の最初の約束期間には非常に高かったのですが、CDMの成功にもかかわらず、次の数年間に要求は大きく引き下げられました。
2011年10月1日から2012年9月30日までに1,747のプロジェクトが登録され、1,256のプロジェクトにCERが発行されました。次の報告期間には、2,181のプロジェクトが登録され、1,779のプロジェクトにCERが発行されました。2013年～2014年の報告期間には、この数字は大きく減少し、登録プロジェクトが208件、CERが発行されたプロジェクトが575件しかありませんでした。2016年～2017年の報告期間には、登録プロジェクトが53件、CERが発行されたプロジェクトが456件しかありませんでした。［情報源：2017 annual report of the Executive Board of the CDM to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol ([PDF](https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2017/cmp13/eng/05.pdf) 英語のみ)］
## 規制に組み込まれたASTM D6866試験
- 西部気候イニシアチブ – 地域のGHGを減少させる目的で構成された米国７州、カナダ4州からなる政府間組織
- AB32 – カリフォルニア州気候変動政策
- EU ETS – 欧州温室効果ガス『cap-and-trade』型制度
- US EPA – 米国環境保護庁
## CDMプロジェクトのためのベータ・アナリティック社によるASTM D6866試験の提供
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証ASTM D6866分析機関であるベータ・アナリティック社では、 UN CDMプロジェクト所有者様へ質の高いASTM D6866 試験データをご提供しております。 当社では中国でCDMプロジェクトを実施しているお客様の利便性をはかり中国、北京に支所を開設しました。 日本のUN CDM プロジェクト所有者の方からのお問合せは株式会社地球科学研究所(<US.info.beta@sgs.com>)で承わっております。
*Last updated: August 2018*
---
### [フレーバーとフレグランスのバイオベース度](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fragrances.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
多くのフレーバー（食品香料) 、 フレグランス（香粧品香料）が流通する現在、メーカーは天然由来のもの、もしくは合成のもの、どちらを選択することも可能です。 一般的に天然由来の製品は高価であることが多く、合成のものが採用される場合が多いようです。
バイオベース度試験 (Carbon-14：放射性炭素分析)は、天然由来、合成由来を区別する手段です。人工(合成)のフレーバー、フレグランスは石油のような鉱物資源から作られます。 石油のような化石燃料は、何百万年も前にできたものでCarbon-14（放射性炭素）は残っていません。 一方自然由来の物質には現代の植物とほぼ同じ量のCarbon-14が含まれています。従って、フレーバー、フレグランスのCarbon-14を測定することにより、物質が天然由来のものか、合成由来のものか、もしくは両方の混合かを検証することができます。
## 天然vs 合成- 製品の原料を確定する
バニラ
天然由来 – バニラビーンズ (Vanilla planifolia)
人工バニラ – リグニンバニリン (製紙業界の副製品)、 エチルバニリン(コールタールの 派生物)、バイオバニリン(微生物発酵由来)
バニラはフレーバー、フレグランス業界では特に人気が高い製品です。需要が高い一方で供給が低い状況のため、バニラは大変高価です。ほとんどの製品は合成のバニラを使っており、通常はリグニンバニリンとエチルバニリンを使っています。
バイオベース度試験では、バニラビーンズから抽出されたバニラに対して、石油化学製品の派生品であるバニリンを区別することができます。試験では、バニラがバニラビーンズ由来か、他の植物前駆体由来のものかを同定することはできません。 原材料の種を特定するには炭素同位体などの分析が必要となります。
カフェイン
天然由来 – コーヒー豆、紅茶の茶葉、ガラナベリー
合成由来 – 尿素の化学合成
カフェインは食品飲料業界の巨人で、コーヒー、紅茶、炭酸に含まれています。近年ではエナジードリンク、スポーツドリンク、炭酸飲料を含むカフェイン入り飲料の需要が増え続けています。コーヒー紅茶以外の飲料では、合成されたカフェインが安価な原料として使われています。
バイオベース度試験を通じて、カフェインが天然由来か、合成の石油化学由来のものか決定することができます。バイオベース度試験では、カフェインの天然由来の原料がコーヒーであるか紅茶であるかというように、その種類を識別することはできません。
酢酸
天然由来 － 特定の植物や果物の発酵
合成由来 － 合成アルコール由来
酢酸には広い用途があります。希釈された状態では、クリーニング剤（ヴィネガー）として使われます。 食品業界では、酸度の調整や調味料として用いられています。
バイオベース度試験では、酢酸が天然由来のものか、石油化学原料から合成されたものなのかを区別することができます。
酒石酸
天然由来 － 特定の果実 (ワイン製造業界の廃棄物となる副生産物として知られています)
合成由来 － 無水マレイン酸由来 (合成L-(+)-酒石酸)
酒石酸は食品業界で広く使われており、ワインやジュースからパンにまで渡ります。天然由来、合成の酒石酸、それぞれが商用利用されています。バイオベース度試験では、自然または合成かを区別することができます。
## Beta Analyticのバイオベース度試験サービス
マイアミに拠点を置くBeta Analyticは、迅速で高品質なフレーバー、フレグランスのバイオベース度試験を提供します。5-7営業日で結果をご報告いたします。納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 ISO 17025認定試験機関である弊社ラボの報告書は、全炭素量（TC）または全有機体炭素量（TOC）に対するバイオベース炭素含有率に関する国際規格 ISO 16620-2 8.3.2またはASTM D6866に準拠しています。 ご質問は、 <US.info.beta@sgs.com> までEメールにてご連絡ください。
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### [バイオベース度試験 – 食品の真正試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/food.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
天然由来の製品の人気がますます高まっております。 この傾向が続くにつれ、信頼のおける真正評価の方法へのニーズが高まってきています。 一般的に天然由来の製品は合成のものよりも高価なため、合成品(通常は化石燃料由来のもの)による偽和、添加が問題となっています。 その結果、サプライチェーンの全ての工程におけるステークホルダー(製造業者や配給業者から消費者に至るまで)にとって、製品の真正を確認することが重要になってきています。
バイオベース度試験 (Carbon-14分析)は偽和を検出するツールのひとつです。 製品中の化石燃料由来炭素と再生可能由来の炭素の量を比較することで、製品が天然由来であることが証明でき、合成添加物の有無を確認することができます。 バイオベース度試験では、天然由来炭素 vs 合成由来炭素の比率を確定する最も正確な方法であるCarbon-14：放射性炭素を測定します。
クルクミン
ターメリックに含まれることで知られており、食品香味料や着色料として使われる他、健康回復関連の用途としても使われています。天然由来のクルクミンは植物であるターメリック(ウコン)です。合成クルクミンの生産ルートが安価になり、”天然”とラベリングされたクルクミンが合成添加物と混ぜられている場合があります。
バイオベース度試験では、製品が天然か合成か、または天然由来の製品が合成品と偽和されていないかどうかを確認することができます。
食品のラベリング
[アメリカ食品医薬品局(FDA)](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) は、”自然”を、人工や合成(原料を問わない着色料を含む)のものが一切食品に含まれていない、あるいは添加されていない状態だとみなしています。FDAは、FDAによるこのポリシーは、食品の生産方法(殺虫剤の試料など)や食品加工・食品製造の方法(加熱の技術や低温殺菌、X線照射など)について言及する意図はないと強調しています。 FDAはまた、”自然”という用語が栄養学的、または他の健康的メリットがあることを意味するものではないとしています。
## Beta Analyticの迅速な天然由来製品の真正試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定のBeta Analyticは、食品や栄養補助食品の自然 vs 合成の原料の割合を決定するCarbon-14分析を提供しています。5-7 営業日で結果をご報告いたします。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。フロリダのマイアミに拠点を置くBeta Analytic社の報告書は、全炭素量（TC）または全有機体炭素量（TOC）に対するバイオベース炭素含有率に関する国際規格ASTM D6866およびISO 16620-2 8.3.2に準拠しています。お問い合わせは、 <US.info.beta@sgs.com> までEメールにてご連絡ください。
関連記事:
[Food Chemicals Codex – FCCの食品に含まれるバイオベース度に関する方法](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fcc.html)
---
### [エッセンシャルオイルのバイオベース度試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/oils.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
エッセンシャルオイル（精油）は抽出、圧搾、蒸留など得られる動植物の濃縮エッセンスです。香味料、香料などに広く用いられ、アロマオイルとしてセラピー効果にも活用されています。エッセンシャルオイルが様々に応用され、また、”天然”の製品に対する消費者の好意も相まって、製薬業界、化粧品業界、食品・飲料業界においてエッセンシャルオイルは大きな需要があります。
エッセンシャルオイルは生産コストが高く需要も高いことから、フレグランスオイルと表示される、より容易に入手可能な人工(合成)のオイルが登場しました。 合成のオイルは天然由来のオイルと同じ成分ではありません。 天然のエッセンシャルオイルの生産過程では、他の成分もわずかながら抽出されます。 例えば、 シンナムアルデヒド (Cinnamaldehyde)を合成する時には、天然のシナモンには存在する他の成分が生成されません。
バイオベース度試験(Carbon-14 分析)では、エッセンシャルオイルが天然由来か合成のものかを区別することができます。バイオベース度試験では、サプライヤーや生産者が、エッセシャルオイルが合成添加物によって偽和されていないかどうかを確認することができます。 異なる天然由来の原料をそれぞれ区別するには、同位体分析もしくは他の化学的分析が必要です。
## 天然 vs 合成のエッセンシャルオイル
ビターアーモンドオイル vs 合成のベンズアルデヒド (Benzaldehyde)
ビターアーモンドオイルは香味料として広く使われています。 アーモンドの実に加えて、ビターアーモンドオイルは桃やアンズからも抽出することができます。天然由来のものは供給が限られ、コストも高いため、合成化合物がしばし食品、飲料に用いられます。
バイオベース度試験はビターアーモンドオイルが自然あるいは合成由来のものか、もしくは両方の混合されたものなのかを確定することができます。 しかし、バイオベース度試験では、天然由来成分間の種類を特定することはできません。
シナモンオイル vs シンナムアルデヒド (Cinnamaldehyde)
シナモンオイルは食品業界で、防カビ効果そして健康の効果のために香味料、香料として使われています。シナモンオイルには2つのタイプがあります – より強力で生産にコストがかかるシナモンバークオイルと、安価なシナモンリーフオイルおよび桂皮(cassia)オイルです。 高価なため、シナモンバークオイルには、安価なもので偽和される危険性があります。
バイオベース度試験では、シナモンオイルが天然由来のものか、あるいは合成のベンズアルデヒドが混ぜられているかどうかを立証することができます。
エッセンシャルオイル由来の天然リナロール vs. 合成リナロール
リナロールはコリアンダー(和名：コエンドロ*(Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)*)の種子から抽出される精油コリアンダーオイルの主要成分です。リナロールはまた、ベルガモット、ラベンダー、ベルガモットミント(mentha citrate)、ローズウッドの精油にも含有されています。この香料原料はフレーバー、フレグランス、保存料、ローション、治療薬などの用途で使われています。
バイオベース炭素試験では、石油化学由来の合成リナロール(化学的にはラベンダーオイルから抽出されるリナロールと同じですが、植物由来ではありません)を検出することができます。しかしながらバイオベース炭素試験では、天然のリナロールがどの植物から作られたのかを区別することはできませんし、製紙業界の副産物であるβ-ピネンから作られる合成リナロールだと特定することはできません。
タイムエッセンシャルオイル vs. 合成チモール
タイムエッセンシャルオイルは多くの医学的作用があります。タイムエッセンシャルオイルにはチモールが含まれており、これがオイルの殺菌作用となります。合成のチモールはマウスウォッシュの殺菌剤として使われるなど、一般的に消毒の用途で多く利用されています。
バイオベース炭素試験では、タイムエッセンシャルオイル（thymol chemotype、シソ科に属する植物などから抽出される）と合成チモール（石油化学由来物質から高純度(99.9+%)で低コストに工業生産することが可能）とを区別することができます。
放射性炭素年代測定(C14)による自然由来製品の試験ではエッセンシャルオイル(精油)に化学合成物質が混入していないかどうかを調べることができます。
| **エッセンシャル オイル(精油) (Essential Oil)** | **合成による代替 (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| ビターアーモンド オイル (Bitter Almond Oil) | ベンズアルデヒド (Benzaldehyde) |
| カッシア オイル (Cassia Oil) | シンナムアルデヒド, クマリン (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| シナモンバーク オイル (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | シンナムアルデヒド (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| レモングラス オイル (Lemongrass Oil) | シトラール (Citral) |
| リツェアクベバ オイル (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| クミン オイル (Cumin Fruit Oil) | クミンアルデヒド (Cuminaldehyde) |
| バジル オイル (Basil Oils) | リナロール (Linalool) |
| ベルガモット オイル (Bergamot Oil) |
| コリアンダー オイル (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| ベルガモットミント オイル (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| ナツメグ オイル (Nutmeg Oil) |
| ローズマリー オイル (Rosemary Oil) |
| ローズウッド オイル (Rosewood Oil) |
| ペパーミント オイル (Peppermint Oil) | メンソール, ミネラル オイル (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| ウインターグリーン オイル (Wintergreen Oil) | サリチル酸メチル (Methyl Salicylate) |
| オレガノ オイル (Origanum Oil) | チモール (Thymol) |
| タイム オイル (Thyme Oil) |
## Beta Analyticのエッセンシャルオイル試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定のBeta Analyticは、迅速で高品質なアロマオイル等エッセンシャルオイル（精油）のバイオベース度試験を提供します。5-7営業日で結果をご報告いたします。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。米国マイアミに拠点を置く弊社ラボの報告書は、全炭素量（TC）または全有機体炭素量（TOC）に対するバイオベース炭素含有率に関する国際規格 ISO 16620-28.3.2またはASTM D6866に準拠しています。 お問い合わせは、 <US.info.beta@sgs.com> までEメールにてご連絡ください。
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### [USDA(アメリカ農務省)のバイオプリファード・ヴォランタリー・ラベルについて](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/usda-biopreferred-applicants.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
試料をお送りいただく前にUSDA BioPreferred® Programに直接ご相談ください。プログラムへの参加登録はお客様ご自身で行っていただく必要があります。バイオベースドプログラムへの参加が認可された後で試料をお送りください。プログラムへの参加が **USDA**に認可される前に行った試験結果は無効です。
[バイオプリファード・プログラムの申請方法は ?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[製品の認証プロセス (PDF) ](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## 試料提出のガイド
### **試料をお送りいただく前に必要事項を全てご記入ください。**
[Beta Online Form](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) ( “Analysis for USDA Applicants” を選択してください)
また以下のものをお送りください:
– USDA Application Number, and
– Documentation of Sample Selection by Manufacturer/Vendor forms
これらのフォームはUSDA からの通知メールに添付されています。
---
### **試料を推奨量ご用意ください**
Beta Analyticは1試料につき最大25 grams もしくは10cc を受け入れ可能です。それより大きいサイズの場合は、試料の送付前にUSDA BioPreferred Programに連絡し試験用試料の分取の可否を確認してください。
**ゴミとして廃棄に 適さない 物質** – 送付前にご相談ください。
**ごみとして廃棄できる物質:**
**– 固体**
最大: 2.8 から 25 g – 小売り用のピースもしくは適切に分取した試料
**– 液体**
化学品、溶液、潤滑油、オイル、石油化学成分の濃度が高い液体は – 1試料につき1 mL (1 cc)
揮発性有機物(VOCs)の含まれていない液体は – 1試料につき 10 mL (10 cc)
## [液体試料のための推奨容器](#collapseThree)
1 mL のガラス製マイクロサンプルバイアル。蓋はテフロンセプタム付きのクリンプトップ。 試料は容器の ¼ – ½ の量を封入。
クリンプトップ以外のものはリークを防ぐようしっかり蓋をしシーリングするなどの対策してください。例えばこちらの [サイト](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")で容器の例をご確認いただけます。輸送中に外部にリークしないように対策してください。
化学的に反応しない中蓋のバイアルを使用してください。(例、シリコンディスク、テフロンなど) 上の写真右にあるようなスクリュートップの少量バイアルをお使いの場合は、シリコンやテフロンもしくはその他の化学的に反応しない中蓋のものを使用してください。紙製やアルミフォイル製の中蓋の物は使用しないでください。試料と反応しコンタミネーションの要因となる可能性があります。
注意点: VOCsが含まれている試料は満量にしてください(ヘッドスペースがないように)
## [分取についての覚書](#collapseTwo)
特別な指示がない限り、試験所で試料を試験に適した量に分取します。もし代表的な試料を分取するために特別な方法や指示がある場合は、必ず分析前にご相談ください。試験所は、製造工程や製品そのものの専門家ではないので、代表試料の選択は試料提出者に責任があります。
**商品または中間製品?**
USDAへの申請において製品が小売用商品(Retail)か、中間物質(Intermediate)かのどちらかを選択しなくてはなりません。“Retail” は消費者に直接購入される製品、もしくは消費者に購入される“そのままの”状態でパッケージされた製品を意味します。“Intermediate”は消費者に購入される“Retail”を製造するための原料で市場に流通しているものです。
USDAの申請に中間物質(Intermediate)として登録した場合は、代表試料を分取し、その物質に適した容器に入れて試料をお送りいただけます。試料がBeta Analytic試験所に到着次第、試料の写真を撮ります。
USDAに小売用商品(retail product) として申請した場合は、USDA は市場に流通するパッケージと同じ状態で試料を提出することを要求します（通常ラインアップのうち一番小さなサイズが好ましい）。試験所は、その試料の分析が当該の第三者機関により行われたという証拠を残すため、試料の写真を撮影することが必要とされています。(例、 この結果は写真に示されている容器の中の試料を試験所でサンプリングし分析し得られたものである。) 小売用商品(retail product)の場合は、提出者が分取することができず、市場に流通するそのままの状態で試料を提出する必要があります。分取の自己申告オプションもありません。
試料はフロリダ州で安全に廃棄可能なものに限ります。例えば、漂白剤は大丈夫ですが、溶媒の中には不可のものがあります。廃棄可能かどうか不確かな場合は試料送付前にご連絡いただくようお願いいたします。もし小売用商品(retail product)を分取せざるを得ない場合は試料送付前にUSDAにご確認ください。
USDAと契約の署名(the Participant Agreement)を経た後、USDAは、あなたにBetaに連絡を行い分析の詳細について相談を行うようにとの指示をします。(試料量、送付方法、送付先に関しても含まれます。)
## [試料の不均質性の問題](#collapse2)
結果は、実際に分析を行った試料の測定値です。試料が不均質な場合は、分析前に、測定試料が物質全体の代表となっているかどうかの確認が必要です。
## [炭酸塩を含む試料](#collapse3)
ASTM D6866ではバイオベースド結果から炭酸塩分画を除く必要があるため、炭酸塩を含む試料は特別な処理が必要です。試験所では、より正確な結果を得るために製品に炭酸塩が含まれているかどうか事前に知っておく必要があります。
**検出不能もしくは閉じ込められた無機炭素を含む試料の試験についてのご質問は**BioPreferred Program (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) にお問い合わせください。
### **試料の準備ができましたらご連絡ください(日本のお客様)**
ご連絡先
468-0007 名古屋市天白区植田本町一丁目608番地
株式会社地球科学研究所 担当：松山
052-802-0703
<US.info.beta@sgs.com>
**注意点: Betaは我々のフォーワーディングオフィス以外を通じて試料が送付された場合、その通関手続きや輸送にかかる費用に責任を持ちません。運送業者に輸送を依頼する場合は、** [**DDP 条項**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**に従う必要があります。荷物のリリースのために必要な行政手続きは送り主の責任で行っていただく必要があります。**
### FAQs:
## [Betaではキャンセル料金が必要ですか?](#collapseFive1)
試料を受領後速やかに分析に取り掛かり、納期を守るよう最善を尽くします。これは、試料を受領した時点で料金が発生しているという意味です。注文のご変更は可能ですが、注文変更時までの稼働時間によって部分料金あるいは全体料金が適用されることをご承知おきください。
## [Beta はSDS/MSDSが必要ですか? ](#collapseFive)
化学物質は、英文SDS/MSDSの提出が必須です。 コピーを1部必ずお送りください。
## [Beta は揮発性有機成分(VOC)を含む試料または揮発性物質をを受け入れ可能ですか?](#collapseSix)
もし製品のVOCs成分を分析したい場合は、試料送付前にご連絡ください。CO2として試料が提出された場合は、ガス試料としてのみ分析が可能です。
正確な分析結果を得るためには、製品に含まれるすべての炭素を回収する必要があります。もし製品中に揮発性バイオベースド成分および非揮発性化石由来成分が同じ割合で含まれていた場合、揮発性成分の炭素を回収しないとバイオベースド含有率が低くなりすぎてしまいます。そのため揮発性成分を含む物質の分析には特別な処理が必要ですが、試験所では事前に揮発性成分の存在を知っておく必要があります。（例、揮発性の手指消毒剤）その情報を試験所に提供するのは、すべて試料提出者の責任です。
## [Beta は発がん性物質を受け入れますか?](#collapseSeven)
特定の危険物について取り扱う、または廃棄するための設備を所持していません。そのため発がん性物質や廃棄に特別な処理が必要な試料は受理できません。可燃性物質や特定の危険物(例、フェノール類)に関しては極微量の試料を受領可能です。しかしながら、送付可能な試料量などをアドバイスさせていただくため事前にご連絡いただくようお願いいたします。
## [Beta は納期を知らせますか? ](#collapseEight)
弊社よりお客様の試料がマイアミ試験所に到着したこと及び試験結果の納期についてお知らせします。納期はマイアミ試験所に試料が到着した翌日からの営業日（週末を除く）でカウントします。
試験所に3 PM EST以降に届いた試料は翌日のログインとさせていただきます。
## [Betaから試料の返送は可能ですか?](#collapseNine)
**[試料の保持と返送についてのポリシーをお読みください。](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse10)**
*最終更新：2023年8月*
---
### [FCCが定義する生物由来の食品成分- Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The Food Chemicals Codex (食品用公定化学品集、FCC)は、the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention (米国薬局方協会、USP)により出版された品質、同定、純度に関する食品成分の規格一覧で、国際的にも認知されています。 FCCには食品成分の化学式、構造、分子量のほか、機能、定義、包装・保存・ラベリングに関する情報が詳述されています。
FCCの別表では、各成分の試験や分析方法が記載されていて、それらの特定の分析工程の信頼性を保証するための参考資料も載っています。 この情報を元に、FCCは、業界のサプライヤーや生産者が食品成分の真正を確定するベースとなる同定・品質・純度の基準について同意するための個々のプロセスを提供しています。
## FCCの食品に含まれるバイオベース度に関する方法
FCCでは食品原材料に含まれるバイオベース度を確定する方法として、再生可能な炭素(例：植物や動物といった生物由来)と、合成由来の炭素（例：石油由来）を区別するために炭素同位体比の情報（[carbon isotope signatures](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content)）を用いています。 Carbon isotope signaturesは、バイオベース度を確定するための最も正確な方法です。 この方法によってバイオベース度を確定することにより、食品の表示が正しいことを証明できます。
FCCは1,3-プロパンジオール(propanediol)に対してこの方法を提唱していますが、全ての炭素を含んだ食品原材料に応用することが可能です。 この方法のベースは、炭素の同位体－Carbon-12, Carbon-13そしてCarbon-14にあります。 天然由来の製品では、これらの同位体の量は一定の値を示します。 測定された値を参照標準(reference standards)と比べることで、天然由来の製品の真正を検証することができます。 放射性同位体であるCarbon-14は、製品の天然 vs 合成の構成を区別するために用いられます。
## 偽造品の検出
さらにFCCによるバイオベース度試験の方法は、[不正を検出](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fraud-detection.html)する有用なツールとなります。 天然の材料が合成のものよりも顕著に高価なときに散見される不正や偽和を検出します。 偽造品を検出することは新しく用いる原材料や人気が高まっている原材料に対し特に重要です。 高い需要に対し、天然由来の原料の供給が限定的な場合、偽和や偽装はよく起こります。
バイオベース度試験は、製品の合成由来の炭素に対する生物由来の炭素の割合(%)を確定することで”天然である”という主張を裏付けるものになります。
## Beta Analyticの高品質なバイオベース度試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定のBeta Analyticは5-7営業日のバイオベース度試験を提供しています。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。1979年以来、ラボはCarbon-14測定の世界的なリーダーで、サービスをグローバル展開しています。マイアミに拠点を置くBeta Analyticはバイオベースの試料に比類なき専門性があります。Beta Analyticは放射性炭素法を使った製品のバイオベース度を確定する最初の標準規格の主要策定メンバーで、 ISO 16620-2 を含む世界的なバイオベース関連の標準化のイニシアチブを発揮するテクニカルアドバイザーを務めています。お問い合わせは、 <US.info.beta@sgs.com> までEメールにてご連絡ください。
*Last Updated September 2016*
---
### [薑黃素碳14測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2018
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
薑黃素粉由植物薑黃中萃取製作，包含了薑黃素在內的多種薑黃色素。它的顏色是很特別的黃色，可用做香料，色素以及化妝品原料和補充品。近年來，與其他很多天然產品一樣，薑黃素開始出現了石油合成品摻假現象，因此鑑定薑黃素粉是否摻假對生產商和供應商變得十分重要。
## 摻假薑黃素
天然薑黃素是從天然薑黃中萃取的，然而該製作方法所花費的成本會比使用石油合成薑黃素高得多。許多薑黃素的合成製造方法是Pabon法的衍生，使用的原材料為乙酰丙酮和香蘭素，乙酰丙酮是石油化學品的工業合成物，而天然香蘭素稀少且昂貴，因此透過石油化學品合成製作則大大降低了成本。
使用合成薑黃素目前將受到監管。美國食品及藥物管理局（FDA）在2016年8月的新飲食成分指導草案中強調天然藥草與植物的同款合成物不能同等對待，因此無法在聯邦食品，藥物和化妝品法案201（FF）（1）（C）中列為飲食成分。
薑黃素市場預計在2023年將達到1億美金，考慮到監管帶來的影響和經濟刺激，對合成薑黃素的測試辨別對於生產廠家和供應商變得十分重要。
## 碳14測試檢測摻假產品
經證明碳14測試可準確測試天然薑黃素中是否摻雜石油化學品合成物。美國植物理事會( American Botanical Council )提出:
以合成的薑黃素代替天然薑黃素是一種刻意的做法，而且可以避開大多數光譜和分析測試。 碳同位素測量，需要精密加速器質譜儀來測量樣品中的14C，是確定薑黃素為植物來源還是合成來源的最有效方法。\[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
碳14是具有弱放射性的不穩定碳同位素，從大氣外層透過空氣對流不斷進入地球生物圈從而進入碳循環。由於現存活或近期存活的生物都是碳循環的一部分，因此它們本身都含有已知量的碳14。該放射性元素會隨著時間而衰減，石油以及它的衍生物由於十分古老，所以不含任何碳14。
## BETA實驗室 – 天然產品測試實驗室
BETA實驗室獲得ISO 17025認證，使用碳14測試提供快速精準的天然產品來源測試，並依照兩種標準- ASTM D6866或ISO 16620-2，提供相對於總碳(TC)或總有機碳(TOC)的生質碳含量報告。 若需查詢實驗室的測試時程及費用，請填寫此[表格](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)。 全天24小時可線上查詢測試結果，包含品質保證報告及樣品照片。如您有任何問題，歡迎您聯絡BETA實驗室[US.info.beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.info.beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") 或者撥打 [台北代理處聯繫電話](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html "台北代理處聯繫電話").
參考資料:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/). May 2018 (accessed June 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). June 2017 (accessed August 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). August 2016 (accessed July 2017).
*更新日期: 2021年6月*
---
### [¿Por qué medir el contenido biogénico de combustibles y emisiones utilizando Carbono 14?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## Obtenga información precisa sobre el uso de combustibles alternativos
El Carbono 14 proporciona información precisa y certera sobre el contenido biogénico de combustibles, dando mayor certidumbre al uso de combustibles alternativos. Muchas fábricas actualmente hacen estimaciones o utilizan una prueba de disolución ácida para determinar la fracción biogénica. Ambos métodos son mucho menos precisos que el análisis por Carbono 14.
## Obtenga una medida representativa de los combustibles heterogéneos
Realizar la prueba de carbono biogénico en [concentraciones de gas de CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html) permite determinar las fracciones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) derivadas de biomasa y de combustible fósiles del CO2 total emitido por los gases de escape de fuentes estacionarias, remediando así problemas de representatividad durante el muestreo de combustibles sólidos. Esto es de particular relevancia para las plantas que realizan conversión de residuos a energía utilizando [residuos sólidos urbanos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/residuos-solidos-municipales.html), [combustibles derivados de residuos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html), [combustibles derivados de neumáticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-neumaticos.html), o lodos residuales.
## [Cumpla con los protocolos de gases de efecto invernadero](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/determinacion-biomasa.html) y comercio de emisiones de carbono
El CO2 biogénico o gas sin emisiones netas de carbono se deduce del inventario de gases de efecto invernadero de una compañía, el cual es requerido por varias regulaciones, algunas de las cuales recomiendan o requieren mediciones basadas en datación por Carbono 14. Muchas industrias dedicadas a la transformación de desechos en energía, generación de electricidad, combustión combinada de carbón, acero, cemento y cal necesitan cuantificar sus emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) biogénico para cumplir con la regulación.
#### ¡Aproveche la experiencia de Beta Analytic!
##### Resultados disponibles en solo 7 días laborables o menos
El tiempo estándar de entrega de resultados del laboratorio es de solo 7 días laborables o menos. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Los resultados pueden ser consultados en línea las 24 horas del día junto con los [informes de Garantía de Calidad](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) y las fotografías de las muestras.
##### Beta Analytic es uno de los desarrolladores del método ASTM D6866
El laboratorio fue uno de los desarrolladores clave del [método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) y ha sido asesor técnico en las principales iniciativas mundiales de estandarización del análisis del contenido de base biológica, tales como las normas europeas [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") y [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/iso-13833.html).
##### Líder mundial en mediciones de Carbono 14
Desde 1979, el laboratorio Beta Analytic, [certificado con la norma ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), ha sido el líder mundial en mediciones de Carbono 14.
##### Consultas técnicas gratuitas con nuestros expertos
Beta Analytic cuenta con experiencia incomparable en el análisis de muestras complejas de base biológica. Nuestros servicios incluyen consultas técnicas gratuitas ilimitadas.
##### Laboratorio libre de marcadores
El laboratorio no acepta muestras farmacéuticas que contengan Carbono 14 artificial y que pueden contaminar las mediciones del contenido de base biológica.
### ¿Está utilizando combustibles que no generan emisiones netas de carbono? ¡Compruébelo!
*Elija Beta Analytic para mediciones rápidas, confiables y de alta calidad del contenido de carbono renovable.*[CONTÁCTENOS](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
---
### [Warum den biogenen Anteil von Brennstoffen und Emissionen mittels Kohlenstoff-14 messen?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## Erhalten Sie präzise Daten über die Verwendung von alternativen Brennstoffen
Kohlenstoff-14 liefert präzise und akkurate Daten über den biogenen Anteil von Brennstoffen und somit eine höhere Rendite für die Verwendung von alternativen Brennstoffen. Viele Anlagen schätzen Ihren biogenen Anteil oder verwenden die Methode des selektiven Lösens mittels Säure, beides ist viel ungenauer als die C14 Methode.
## Erhalten Sie eine repräsentative Messung für heterogene Brennstoffe
Eine biogene Kohlenstoffanalyse an [Rauchgas CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html) ermittelt die Anteile von fossilem Karbondioxid (CO2) und CO2 aus Biomasse im gesamten CO2, das von Abgasen stationärer Quellen stammt. Auf diese Weise werden Repräsentativitätsprobleme bei der Entnahme von Festproben überwunden. Dies ist von besonderem Wert für Müllverbrennungsanlagen, die [Siedlungsabfälle (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/hausmuell.html), [Abfallbrennstoffe (RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html), [Reifenbrennstoffe (TDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altreifen.html) oder Klärschlamm verwenden.
## [Einhaltung von Treibhausgasprotokollen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biomassen-bestimmung.html) und Kohlenstoff Emissionshandel
Biogenes oder klimaneutrales Rauchgas CO2 ist vom Treibhausgasinventar eines Unternehmens absetzbar. Das Treibhausgasinventar muss im Rahmen verschiedener Regulierungen berichtet werden. Einige dieser Regulierungen empfehlen oder verlangen Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen, die auf der Radiokohlenstoff Datierung basieren. Viele Branchen wie z.B. Waste-To-Energy (Abfall-zu-Energie), Stromerzeugung, Kohleverbrennung, Stahl, Zement und Kalk müssen Ihre biogenen Karbondioxid (CO2) Emissionen im Rahmen gesetzlicher Vorschriften quantifizieren.
#### Profitieren Sie von Beta Analytics Expertise!
##### Testergebnisse in nur 7 Werktagen
Unser Labor liefert routinemäßig Ergebnisse innerhalb von 7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Ergebnisse können rund um die Uhr online abgerufen werden, inklusive [Qualitätssicherung Berichte](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) und Fotos der Proben.
##### Mitentwickler der ASTM D6866 Methode
Unser Labor war einer der entscheidenden Entwickler der [ASTM D6866 Methode](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) und stand als technischer Berater weltweit allen wichtigen Standardisierungsinitiativen zur Seite, inklusive den europäischen Methoden [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") und [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/iso-13833.html).
##### Weltweiter Marktführer für Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen
Seit 1979 ist das [ISO 17025 akkreditierte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) Beta Analytic Labor weltweiter Marktführer für Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen.
##### Kostenlose technische Beratung durch unsere Experten
Beta Analytic verfügt über beispiellose Expertise im Umgang mit komplexen biobasierten Proben. Unser Service beinhaltet kostenlose und unbegrenzte technische Beratung.
##### Tracer-freies Laboratorium
Unser Labor akzeptiert keine pharmazeutischen Proben, die künstlichen Kohlenstoff-14 enthalten, da dieser eine Kreuzkontamination für biobasierte Messungen verursachen kann.
### Verwenden Sie klimaneutrale Brennstoffe?
Belegen Sie es!
*Wählen Sie Beta Analytic für eine schnelle, zuverlässige und hochqualitative erneuerbare Kohlenstoff Analyse.* [KONTAKTIEREN SIE UNS](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [Envíe sus muestras de biocombustible](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/envio-muestras.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contáctenos en cualquier momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Contáctenos en cualquier momento"). Respondemos lo antes posible a todas las consultas en horario de oficina (de 8:00 a. m. a 5:00 p. m. EST, de lunes a viernes).
### **Prepare la cantidad recomendada**
**Volumen de muestra máximo permitido** – 1 ml (1 cc) por muestra
Las muestras que excedan el volumen máximo permitido NO serán analizadas y la eliminación de la muestra correrá a cargo del cliente (tarifa de eliminación de muestra: $500 USD)
## [Muestreo](#collapseTwo)
A no ser que se indique lo contrario, el laboratorio utilizará submuestras del material enviado en una cantidad razonable para el método analítico. Si existen instrucciones especiales para garantizar que la submuestra representa de la mejor manera los intereses del cliente, por favor, contacte con el laboratorio antes del análisis. Como el personal del laboratorio no puede estar especializado en todos los productos y procesos de manufactura, el cliente es responsable de que el análisis se haga a partir de una muestra representativa.
## [Recipiente recomendado](#collapse2)
Un vial para micromuestras de vidrio de 1-2 mL con tapa de rosca y tabique recubierto de teflón. El vial sólo debería llenarse de un cuarto a la mitad de su capacidad.
Otros ejemplos de viales se pueden encontrar [aquí](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Por favor asegúrese de sellar correctamente sus viales y de envolverlos de manera apropiada para prevenir que se rompan durante el envío.
*Recipientes recomendados para muestras de biocombustibles*
Por favor asegúrese de que los viales tengan cierres no reactivos químicamente, como los que se componen de un disco de silicona con una o dos capas de teflón. Si utiliza viales pequeños con tapa de rosca como el de color ámbar que se ilustra arriba, por favor asegúrese de que el tapón está hecho de silicona y teflón, o de cualquier otro material no reactivo.
**No utilice** viales con tapas forradas con cartón pegado a la tapa y una capa de aluminio ya que no son adecuados para el transporte de líquidos volátiles: los vapores pueden disolver el pegamento y contaminar la muestra durante el transporte. Las tapas a presión transparentes tampoco son recomendables para combustibles.
**NOTA: Si la muestra contiene COV, el vial deberá estar lleno (sin espacio libre).**
## [Materiales de embalaje – Por favor no utilice polvo de vermiculita](#collapseThree)
Si desea usar vermiculita como material de embalaje, por favor no utilice polvo de vermiculita. Recomendamos usar vermiculita gruesa o algún otro material con relleno de papel.
*Por favor utilice vermiculita gruesa como material de embalaje*
---
### **Complete los documentos necesarios**
[Formulario de datos de Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=es)
Beta Analytic no necesita información que pueda afectar a la confidencialidad de su producto.
---
### **Envíe sus muestras y los documentos necesarios a nuestra dirección en Miami**
Las muestras deben enviarse directamente a nuestro laboratorio en Estados Unidos debido a que nuestras oficinas de envío internacionales no están equipadas para el manejo de biocombustibles. Envíe sus muestras a la siguiente dirección:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Para prevenir retrasos en aduanas, por favor utilice la declaración recomendada – “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
**Nota: Beta no es responsable de los costos de despacho o transporte de los envíos internacionales que no se realicen a través de una de nuestras oficinas de envío. Los envíos organizados a través de un agente de carga deben enviarse bajo los [términos del DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). El remitente es responsable de manejar los requisitos administrativos para liberar el envío.**
## [Por favor envíe sus muestras conforme a los lineamientos indicados en “Envíos De Minimis” y envíenos
por correo electrónico el nombre de la empresa de mensajería y el número de guía](#collapseFour)
Las sustancias peligrosas asignadas a los códigos de cantidades exceptuadas E1, E2, E4 o E5 de la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA por sus siglas en inglés), así como aquéllas en los Grupos de Embalaje II y III, cumplen los requisitos para envíos De Minimis (simplificados). Para envíos bajo el régimen De Minimis a nuestra oficina en Miami, el volumen de la muestra no debe exceder de 1 mL, y el embalaje debe cumplir con los lineamientos establecidos en las Regulaciones sobre [Mercancías Peligrosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods"), siendo suficientemente absorbente en caso de filtraciones y suficientemente resistente para evitar rupturas. No se requiere un etiquetado especial para envíos De Minimis. Para información detallada, consulte las Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas de la IATA.
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Estados Unidos, por favor asegúrese de que su empresa de mensajería se haga totalmente responsable de liberar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense. No dude en contactarnos si necesita asistencia con el envío.
### Preguntas frecuentes:
## [¿Beta cobra tarifas de cancelación?](#collapseFive1)
Los análisis comienzan inmediatamente después de recibir las muestras para garantizar que cumplimos con la fecha de entrega prometida. Esto significa que los costes del análisis también se inician en cuanto las muestras llegan al laboratorio. Puede solicitar cambios en sus análisis, pero tenga en cuenta que podrían aplicarse costes parciales o totales dependiendo de la fase en la que esté el análisis cuando se solicita el cambio.
## [¿Beta requiere una ficha de datos de seguridad SDS/MSDS?](#collapseFive)
Los productos químicos deben incluir la ficha SDS/MSDS. Debemos contar con una copia en nuestros registros.
## [¿Cuántas muestras tengo que enviar?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic no requiere un número mínimo de muestras. Entregamos un informe con un número de certificado único para cada muestra.
Para efectos de investigación y desarrollo, una muestra es suficiente. Si envía muestras para [cumplir con una regulación u obtener créditos fiscales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/reglamentos.html), por favor consulte con las agencias reguladoras cuál es el número de muestras requerido antes de hacer el envío.
## [¿Beta informa a sus clientes el tiempo de entrega de los resultados?](#collapseSeven)
Un representante de Beta se pondrá en contacto con usted para confirmar la llegada segura de sus muestras y proporcionarle una fecha de entrega de los resultados. El tiempo de entrega indicado empieza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana.
Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente.
## [¿Beta devuelve muestras bajo solicitud?](#collapseEight)
**Por favor, consulte nuestra política sobre retención y devolución de muestras.**
[Preguntas frecuentes sobre análisis de biocombustibles conforme a la norma ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html)
*Última actualización de la página: Octubre de 2023*
---
### [Certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017 de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic recibió la certificación ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 por parte de la organización [“Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc”.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) Nuestra empresa es la primera proveedora de servicios de datación por radiocarbono del mundo que alcanzó la certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017 como laboratorio de análisis. La certificación ISO/IEC 17025 es lo más alto nivel de reconocimiento de calidad que un laboratorio de análisis o calibración puede alcanzar.
El laboratorio de Beta Analytic en Miami demostró competencia técnica en la medición de los niveles naturales de radiocarbono con el uso de [Espectrometría de Masa con Aceleradores – EMA](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/datacion-radiocarbono-ams.html) (o “AMS”, en inglés), así como en la medición de las razones de isótopos estables de carbono, nitrógeno y oxígeno por Espectrometría de Masa de Razón Isotópica – EMRI (o IRMS, en inglés) y espectroscopía de cavidad en anillo desplegable (CRDS).
#### Las pruebas específicas incluidas en la certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017 se refieren a la determinación:
(a) de la edad de radiocarbono/actividad en muestras arqueológicas, geológicas y de agua através de la técnica EMA;
(b) de las razones de isótopos estables de carbono, nitrógeno y oxígenoen materiales orgánicos carbonatados através de la técnica EMRI (IRMS) y CRDS;
(c) del contenido de carbono de base biológica de una variedad de materiales naturales en cualquier material sólido, líquido ogaseoso que contiene carbono através del método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-16620.html) y [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-19984.html);
(d) del contenido de carbono biológico de materiales sólidos, como los combustible sólidos recuperados (CSRs) o los combustibles derivados de residuos (CDRs) via ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
Todos los resultados reciben la certificación ISO-17025. ISO-17025 es una certificación rigurosa de los procedimientos de control de calidad de los laboratorios, evaluando la “prueba de resultados”. Esta certificación se ocupa de cuestiones como la trazabilidad de los datos, controles cruzados, control de documentos, precisión en la rendición de cuentas y la experiencia del personal técnico. En el caso de Beta Analytic, los procedimientos certificados utilizados enel análisis de las muestras son apoyados por 460 páginas de controles de laboratorio y de gestión, debidamente documentados.
La certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017 obtenida por Beta Analytic refuerza sureputación como un laboratorio de análisis altamente competente y confiable, representando una excelente opción no sólo en datación por radiocarbono, sino tambiénen el análisis del carbono renovable y de base biológica. Sucertificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017 es aceptada por más de 130 organismos importantes de reconocimiento de laboratorios de todo el mundo y también por agencias gubernamentales y de reglamentación.
## Joint IAF-ILAC-ISO Communique
El “International Accreditation Forum” (IAF) y la “International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation” (ILAC) están de acuerdo con la ISO que “el cumplimiento de los requisitos de la ISO/IEC 17025:2017 por parte de un laboratorio significa que el mismo atiende a los requisitos de competencia técnica y de sistemas de gestión necesarios para que el mismo entregue calibraciones y resultados técnicamente válidos y de forma consistente.” Los requisitos relacionados a los sistemas de gestión en la ISO/IEC 17025:2017 atienden a los principios de la “ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestión de Calidad – Requisitos” y están alineados con sus requisitos pertinentes.
*Última actualización de la página: Mayo de 2023*
---
### [Contate-nos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [The World of Bioplastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/bioplastics.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- The use of bioplastics is steadily increasing in many countries, especially in Europe
- Bioplastics can be non-biodegradable
- ASTM D6866 measures the exact percentage in bioplastics that came from renewable sources
Bioplastics may not have the exact properties of their fossil fuel-based counterparts and their production is not easy, but their use in the market has been steadily increasing, especially in Europe.
Bioplastics or “organic plastics” are commonly used as packaging materials, disposable catering products, compostable waste bags, and biodegradable mulch films. Reabsorbing organic plastics are also used in the medical sector. Bioplastics are water vapor permeable but they are waterproof, hence they make good materials for sanitary products. Consumer electronics, leisure goods, and even the automobile industry are starting to use bioplastics due to their low electrostatic charging properties.
## ASTM D6866 for Bioplastics
The exact percentage in bioplastics that came from renewable sources (e.g. plant derivatives) can be known via [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products") – an industrial application of radiocarbon dating. ASTM D6866 measures the Carbon 14 content of biobased materials; and since fossil-based materials no longer have Carbon 14, ASTM D6866 can effectively dispel inaccurate claims of biobased content.
Examples of ASTM D6866 results:
Product A – plastic bag manufactured from petroleum-derived polyethylene
Product A biobased content = 0%
Product B – plastic bag manufactured from biomass-derived polyethylene
Product B biobased content = 100%
## [\[VIDEO\] Inorganic vs Organic Carbon in Biobased Content Testing](#collapseOne)
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Bioplastics vs Petroleum-based Plastics
According to [ European Bioplastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/regulatory-bodies.html#European), direct comparison of petroleum-based plastics with bioplastics may lead to an inappropriate image because the former are now commodities while the latter are still in early stages of development.
But are bioplastics truly more environmentally and economically advantageous than fossil fuel-based ones? Although several life cycle assessment studies have documented that bioplastic production consumes less fossil energy and have less carbon dioxide emissions, these findings would still not support that “bioplastics are the more environmentally friendly solutions.”
In terms of economics, bioplastics production in Europe can help reduce dependence on imports and may create jobs and export opportunities.
## What are Bioplastics?
According to European Bioplastics, there are two underlying concepts that determine whether a “plastic” is a bioplastic or not – compostability and raw materials.
Bioplastics are (1) certified compostable plastics that are based on renewable and/or fossil resources, or (2) those that are made from renewable sources.
For plastics to be considered compostable, they must be certified according to the legally binding standards EN 13432 or EN 14995 in Europe, ASTM D-6400 in the US, or ISO 17088 in other countries. In Europe, products made of compostable plastics usually carry the trademarked “seedling” logo.
Plastics made from renewable resources such as sugar, starch, vegetable oils, or cellulose are bioplastics. Most of the ones available in the market nowadays use corn, potatoes, cereals, sugar cane, and wood as feedstocks.
## Are Bioplastics Biodegradable?
NOT all bioplastics/biopolymers are biodegradable. The degree of a material’s biodegradability depends on its molecular structure and not on its source.
The terms biobased and biodegradability may be related, but they are not synonymous nor are they interchangeable. If a material is biobased, it comes from plants or animals, but it does not necessarily follow that it is biodegradable. A material is biodegradable only if microbes in the environment can break it down and use it as a food source.
Some forms of cellulose are, in fact, non-biodegradable while some that are derived from petroleum do biodegrade contrary to popular opinion. Nowadays there are synthetic plastic resins that will biodegrade and compost just like paper. There are also bioplastic materials, such as Braskem’s bio-polyethylene, that do not biodegrade.
## Bioplastics vs Biofuels vs Food
The European Bioplastics claims that bioplastics have no impact on food supply or availability and should not be regarded as a threat to sustainable development. Unlike biofuels, bioplastic volumes are relatively low and the cultivation area needed to supply the bioplastics industry is very small.
Moreover, the bioplastics industry is making a strong effort to use agricultural residues (cellulosics), other waste streams, and feedstocks that do not compete with food markets. There are bioplastic materials in production that use non-edible, non-food wastes like potato skins.
---
### [Beta Analytic - トレーサー・フリー そして 社内一貫分析](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/tracer-free.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
高品質な測定結果をいつも迅速にお客様にお届けするため、ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証のBeta Aanalyticは、薬物動態研究用のC14トレーサー・サンプルや、
その他の人工のC14がラベルされたサンプルはクロス・コンタミネーションの危険を避けるためいっさいお引き受けしません。
また分析は前処理からAMS測定にいたるまで社内一貫体制で行っており、どんな些細な一部分でも他のラボが行うことはありません。
一部またはいくつかの工程を複数のラボで行う”サテライト分析”は、検知不能なエラーの原因となり、Beta Analyticの品質管理プログラムに反します。
品質管理プログラムの要件をみたし、それぞれの試験結果に完全な責任を持つために全ての工程を社内で行っております。 社内で全ての分析工程に関 する
データを所持しているので即座にそれらにアクセスできいち早くお客様の疑問などにお答えすることが可能です。
## クロス・コンタミネーションの危険を避けるために
製薬会社は薬物動態を研究するために放射性物質のラベルされたサンプルを用います。 生物医学に加速器を利用する試験所は比較的安全に取り扱いのできる
C14(放射性炭素年)をトレーサーとしてしばしば用います。 トレーサー用のC14サンプルはAMS施設においても化学処理ラインにおいても、 天然レベルの放射性炭素年測定用試料に
対する汚染の原因となります。
「そういった研究に用いられる人工のC14はわれわれが取り扱う天然レベルのC14と比較して非常に高いレベルのC14を含みます。 いったん AMSラボで使われてしまうとその影響を取り除くことが
難しくクロス・コンタミネーションが避けられません。 その汚染レベルは生物医学用の施設では許容範囲ですが、われわれ年代測定の試験所ではまっ たく受け入れられません。」 ダーデン・フッド氏談。
## 高確度・高精度な結果を迅速に
Beta Analyticはすべての試験をフロリダ州マイアミにある特別に設計された放射性炭素分析施設内で行っています。 多くの試料を余裕を持って処理できる ように処理ラインを設計・配置している上、
AMS(加速器質量分析計)を4器所持・稼動しています。 またスペアパーツも常に余裕をもって所持しています。 AMSのメーカー、 NEC(National Electrostatics Corp.)で長年エンジニアとして勤め、
世界的に有名なRoger Loger氏と専属契約を結び4器のAMSのコンディションを常に最高の状態に保っています。 そしてなによりも長年の経験を持つプロフェッショナルな技 術者たちが、
高確度・高精度な結果を迅速にお届けするために常駐しております。
お問合せは <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> call +(1) 305-662-7760 まで
## 参考文献:
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. Radiocarbon, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252 (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. Radiocarbon, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253 (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeno, et. al. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. Radiocarbon, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193
doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045
---
### [향미료 및 향수의 바이오기반 함량](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fragrances.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
요즘 시장에는 수많은 향미료 및 향료품들이 있어 식품업계나 음료업계에서는 자연산 혹은 자연산과 유사한 화학 합성 원료를 선택해서 쓰고 있다. 자연산 원료들이 더 비싼 관계로 화학 합성 원료들을 많이 사용한다.
바이오기반 함량 실험 (Carbon-14 분석)은 자연산 인지 화학 합성품인지 여부를 판가름해준다. 합성 향료품과 향미료들은 보통 석유와 같은 광물질로 만든다. 석유와 같은 화석 연료들은 수만년 전에 만들어져서 방사성탄소가 없다. 반면에 자연산 원료들은 현재 살고있는 식물과 비슷한 방사성탄소를 가지고 있다. 따라서 향료품 및 향미료의 방사성탄소 함량을 측정하면 자연산인지 화학 합성 원료인지 알 수 있다. 또한 100% 자연산이 가짜인지 여부를 확인할 수 있다.
## 자연산 vs 인공 합성 – 제품 원료의 판단
바닐라
자연산 원료 – 바닐라 콩 (Vanilla planifolia)
합성 바닐라 – 리그린 바닐린 (Lignin vanillin) (제지업의 부산물), 에칠 바닐린 (Ethyl vanillin) (석유 타르 파생물), 바이오 바닐린 (미생물 발효 파생물)
바닐라는 향미품으로 또는 향료품으로 가장 많이 사용된다. 높은 수요에도 불구하고 공급이 부족한 관계로 가격이 비싸다. 따라서 대부분의 제품에는 합성 바닐라를 사용하며, 가장 일반적인 형태가 리그린 바닐린과 에칠 바닐린이다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험으로 석유화학의 파생물인 바닐린 대비 바닐라 콩에서 추출한 자연산 바닐라를 정확히 구별할 수 있다. 단 이 실험으로 바닐라 콩에서 온 바닐라인지 다른 식물에서 온 바닐라인지 여부는 알 수가 없다. 이를 위해서는 추가적인 탄소 안정 동위원소 분석이 필요하다.
카페인
자연산 원료 포함 – 커피 빈, 차의 잎, 구아라나 베리 (Guarana berries)
합성 원료 포함 – 요소의 화학 합성
카페인은 식품 및 음료 제조업에서는 많이 사용되고 있으며, 커피, 차, 소다등에 들어있다. 최근에 들어서 에너지 음료, 스포츠 음료, 소다 등 카페인 음료의 수요가 급성장하고 있다. 합성 카페인의 값싼 이유로 많이 이용되고 있다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험으로 자연산인지 화학 합성 원료에서 온 카페인인지 여부를 알 수 있다. 단 자연산 카페인의 차이점은 파악할 수 없다.
아세트 산 (Acetic acid)
자연산 원료 – 일부 식물과 과일의 발효
합성 원료 – 합성 알코올에서 나옴.
아세트 산의 용도는 다양하다. 또한 세척제 (식초)로도 사용된다. 식품업계에서는 산 조절제와 양념으로 사용한다.
가짜 아세트 산을 확인하기 위해 바이오기반 함량 실험을 한다. 이 실험을 통해서 자연산 원료를 이용한 아세트 산인가 석유 화학 제품에서 만든 합성 아세트 산인지 구별할 수 있다.
타르타르 산 (Tartaric acid)
자연산 원료 – 일부 과일 (일반적으로 와인 제조 업계의 폐기 부산물로)
합성 원료 – 무수 말레인산 (maleic anhydride) (합성 L-(+)-타르타르 산)
타르타르 산의 용도는 와인이나 쥬스에서 베이킹까지 식품업계에서는 광범위하게 사용된다. 자연산 타르타르 산과 합성 타르타르 산이 상업적으로 사용되고 있으며, 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험을 통해 차이점을 구별할 수 있으며, 자연산 원료라는 것을 증명할 수 있다.
## Beta 연구소의 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 서비스
미국 마이애미에 위치한 Beta 연구소는 향미품 및 향료품 업계를 위한 고품격의 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 서비스를 제공하며, 5-7 영업일 이내에 결과를 보고한다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. ISO 17025 인증업체인 본 연구소는 국제 표준 방식인 ISO 16620-2 (전체탄소 나 전체유기탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소 함량) 나 ASTM D6866에 따라 보고서를 만듭니다. 더 자세한 내용은 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 연락주기 바란다.
---
### [커큐민의 탄소-14 (방사성탄소) 분석](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Curcuma longa 라는 식물에서 만들어진 강황 가루는 커큐민을 포함해 여러 다른 종류의 커큐민 물질들로 이루어져 있습니다. 노란색이며, 화장품의 향료, 색료, 또한 건강식품 등으로 용도가 다양합니다. 여러 종류의 다른 천연 유래 원료처럼, 커큐민은 석유 화학 유래 합성 물질로 변조될 위험성이 많은 물질로 천연 유래인지 여부가 생산업자나 공급업자에게 매우 중요한 문제가 되고 있습니다.
## 커큐민의 변조
천연 유래 커큐민은 강황에서 추출합니다. 하지만 이 공정은 석유 화학 유래 합성물로 부터 합성 커큐민을 제조하는 것보다 비용이 훨씬 많이 듭니다. 현재 많은 합성 제조 방식들은 원래 아세틸 아세톤과 바닐린 제조에 사용되던 Pabon’s method 의 변형 방식들입니다. 아세틸 아세톤은 석유 화학물로 부터 공업적으로 생산합니다. 천연 유래 바닐린은 아주 귀하고 생산 단가가 비쌉니다. 하지만 석유 화학 유래 합성 방식으로 아주 싼 비용으로 제조되어 사용되고 있습니다.
합성 커큐민의 사용은 규제기관의 영향을 받을 가능성이 있습니다. 2016년 8월에 미 FDA에 의해 상정된 새로운 식품 원료에 대한 가이드라인에 따르면 허브나 식물의 합성 물질들은 결코 동일하지 않으며, Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act의 201(ff)(1)(C) 에 따라 식품 원료로서 자격이 없다라고 강조합니다.
커큐민 시장이 향후 2023년에 미화 1억불까지 예상되면서, 변조 행각에 대한 규제기관의 지적과 경제적 인센티브가 주어지게 되면, 합성 커큐민의 존재를 합리적으로 탐지하는 방법이 제조업체나 공급 업체들에게는 매우 중요한 문제가 됩니다. 천연 유래 성분 실험은 추가적으로 고객들에게 신뢰는 주는 좋은 수단이 되기도 합니다.
## 방사성탄소 분석을 통한 변조 행각 탐지 방법
방사성탄소 분석 방법은 석유화학 유래 합성 물질로 천연 유래 커큐민의 변조 사용 여부를 탐지하는 정확한 방식입니다. 미국 약용식물 협의회 (American Botanical Council)에 따르면:
천연 커큐민 대신 합성 커큐민의 대용은 가장 최신의 분석 실험으로도 파악이 힘듭니다. 하지만 시료에 들어있는 탄소의 동위원소인 방사성탄소 (C14) 측정을 통해 커큐민이 천연유래인지, 화학 합성 유래인지 여부를 쉽게 알 수 있습니다. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
방사성탄소 (탄소-14)은 불안정하며 약한 탄소의 동위원소로서 지구의 상층부에서 지속적으로 만들어지면서 탄소 사이클에 들어옵니다. 현재 살아있거나 최근까지 살아있던 물질들은 모두 탄소 사이클 속에 있어서 일정한 량의 방사성탄소를 모두 가지고 있습니다. 시간이 지나면서 반감기를 가진 방사성탄소는 없어지며, 석유 물질들은 너무 오래되어 방사성탄소를 하나도 가지고 있지 않습니다. 따라서 방사성탄소 함량을 측정해 보면 천연 유래 (Biobased) 함량을 정확히 알 수 있습니다.
## Beta 연구소 – 천연 유래 성분 실험 전문 연구소
ISO 17025 인증업체인 Beta 연구소는 두개의 표준 방식인 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") 나 [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") (전체탄소 나 전체유기탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소 함량)에 따라 방사성탄소 분석을 통해 천연유래 제품 실험을 신속하고 정확하게 제공합니다. 이 방식에 따라 전체 탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소 함량을 보고합니다. 결과는 5-7 영업일 내 받아 보실 수 있으며, 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다, QA 보고서와 시료 사진을 포함해 24/7 온라인으로 언제든 접속해 보실 수 있습니다. 궁금한 점 있으시면 [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") 로 연락 주시거나 한국 지사 ([local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "Beta local forwarding office")) 로 전화주시기 바랍니다.
참고:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) May 2018 (accessed June 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). June 2017 (accessed August 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). August 2016 (accessed July 2017).
*2021년 6월 업데이트*
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### [자연산 식품 원료의 진위 여부에 관한 FCC 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
미국 식품화학 물질 규정집 (Food Chemicals Codex (FCC))은 미국의 Pharmaceutical Convention (USP)이 발행하는 식품 원료의 품질, 확인, 순도에 관한 규정 문헌으로서 국제적으로 공인되고 있다. 원료 성분의 화학식, 화학 구조, 분자 무게, 기능, 정의, 그리고 포장 , 보관, 표기에 관한 정보등 상세 내용을 포함하고 있다.
FCC의 부속서에는 관련 실험 방법과 분석 방법들이 기록되어 있다. 여기에는 특정 분석 방법의 신뢰성을 담보하는 관련 참고 문헌들도 같이 있다. 이런 정보들은 FCC가 식품 원료의 종류, 품질, 순도, 진위 여부를 결정하는 기초 지식들이 일치하게끔 생산업자나 공급업자들을 위해 독립적 과정들을 제공해주고 있다.
## 식품의 바이오기반 함량에 관한 FCC 방법
식품 원료에 대한 바이오기반 함량을 측정하기 위한 [FCC](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) 방법은 재생 탄소 원료 (즉 식물이나 동물 기반) 대비 합성 원료 (즉 석유 기반)의 차이점을 구별하기 위한 탄소 동위원소를 이용한다. 탄소 동위원소 측정은 바이오기반 함량을 측정하는 가장 정확한 방법이다. 이 방법은 식품 표기에서 바이오기반 퍼센트 표기를 증명하는데도 사용 가능하다.
The FCC 은 1,3-propanediol에 대해 이 방법을 권장하지만, 실제 모든 탄소가 있는 원료에 적용 가능하다. 이 방법은 탄소의 동위원소에 기초한다. – 탄소-12, 탄소-13, 탄소14. 자연산 제품의 안정 동위원소들의 량은 이미 정해져 있다. 따라서 참고 물질의 측정 량을 서로 비교해 봄으로써 자연산 제품의 진위 여부를 결정할 수 있다. 방사성 동위원소인 탄소 – 14는 제품 내 자연산 대비 인공 원료를 구별해 낼 수 있다.
## 위조 탐지
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험에 대한 FCC 방법은 [위조품](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fraud-detection.html) 탐지에 아주 유용하다. 특히 자연산 원료가 합성 원료보다 가격이 비쌀 때 위조품 탐지에 유용하다.
특히 새로운 원료가 나오거나 인기가 상승할 때 특히 적절하다. 자연산 원료의 공급은 제한적인데 이 원료의 수요가 많을 경우 많이 발생한다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험은 합성 원료와 비교하여 재생 원료의 퍼센트를 측정하여 “자연산”을 증명하는데 쓰인다.
## Beta 연구소의 고품질 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 업쳬인 Beta 연구소는 5-7 영업일 이내에 정확한 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 1979년 이래로, 전 세계적으로 방사성탄소 측정에 선두 기업으로서 세계 각국에 사무실을 두고 있다. 마이애미에 위치한 Beta 연구소는 바이오 기반 시료에 대해 타의 추종을 불허하는 기술을 가지고 있다. 방사성탄소 분석을 통해 바이오기반 함량을 측정하는 첫 표준 방법 개발자 중 일원이었으며, ISO 16620-2를 포함한 세계 각국의 바잉오기반 표준화 작업의 기술 자문 역할을 해왔으며, 지금도 하고 있다. 추가 문의 사항이 있으면 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.로 이메일 주시기 바란다.
*2016년 9월 업데이트*
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### [에센샬 오일의 바이오기반 함량](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/oils.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
에센샬 오일은 압축이나 증류를 통해 추출된 식물의 농축된 오일로서 미각, 미향, 치료 효과를 위해 널리 사용되고 있다. “자연산” 제품에 대한 다양한 용도 증가와 더불어 선호도가 높아감에 따라 의약품 업계, 화장품 업계, 식품 및 음료 업계의 수요가 많아지고 있다.
에센샬 오일의 제조 원가가 높은 반면에 인기 증가로 인해 화학 합성 오일을 사용하려는 경향이 나타나고 있다. 화학 합성 오일은 자연산 오일과 같은 성분을 가지고 있지 않다. 자연산 에센샬 오일 생산에서 낮은 농도의 다른 성분들이 추출된다. 예를 들어 계피알데히드 (cinnamaldehyde)을 합성할 때 자연산 계피 오일에서 만들어지지 않는 다른 성분이 만들어진다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 (Carbon-14 분석)은 에센샬 오일이 자연산인지 합성인지 여부를 밝혀준다. 따라서 공급업자나 제조업자에게 값싼 합성 오일을 사용하지 않았다는 증명 수단을 제공해 준다. 또한 다른 자연산 원료의 사용 여부를 알기 위해서는 안정 동위원소 분석 실험이나 다른 화학 분석 작업이 필요하다.
## 자연산 대비 합성 에센샬 오일
비터 아몬드 오일 (Bitter almond oil) vs 합성 벤즈알데하이드 (Synthetic Benzaldehyde)
비터 아몬드 오일은 맛을 내기위해 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 아몬드 알갱이와 함께 과일에서 추출하기도 한다. 공급이 제한되어 있고, 가격이 비씨기 때문에 합성 원료가 식품 및 음료 제품에 사용되기도 한다.
바이오기반 함량 실험을 통해 자연산 원료인지 합성 원료인지, 아니면 이들을 혼합하여 사용하는지 여부를 확인할 수 있다. 다만 다른 종류의 자연산 원료를 쓴지 여부는 구별할 수 없다.
계피 오일 vs 합성 계피알데히드
계피 오일은 식품 업계에서 맛과 향기를 내기 위해, 또한 살균 효과를 위해 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 두가지 종류가 있다 – 강하고 가격이 비싼 계피 껍질 오일과 가격이 저렴한 계피 잎 오일 및 질이 낮은 계피 껍질 오일. 가격이 비싼 이유로 계피 껍질 오일에 값싼 원료를 사용하려는 시도들이 많다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험은 자연산 원료를 사용하였는지 합성 계피알데히드를 사용하였는지 정확히 구별할 수 있다.
에센셜 오일에서 온 천연 리나놀 (Linalool) vs. 합성 리나놀
리나놀은 고수 기름 (coriander oil)의 주요 구성원으로 자연 상태에서 고수 씨에서 추출된다. 또한 리나놀은 베르가옷(bergamot), 라벤더 (lavender) , 멘샤 키트라타 (mentha citrata), 향목유 (rosewood oils)의 구성물이다. 향수, 향미, 식품 보존료, 로션, 치료 약등으로 사용된다.
바이오기반 탄소 실험으로 라벤더 오일에서 추출한 리나놀과 화학적으로 동일한 석유 화학물질인 합성 리나놀을 구별할 수가 있다. 단 이 실험으로 자연산 리나놀의 특정 식물 기원에 대해서는 구별할 수가 없으며, 또한 제지 산업의 부산물로 생긴 Beta-Pinene로 만든 합성 리나놀 역시 구별할 수는 없다.
타임 (Thyme) 에션셜 오일 vs. 합성 티몰 (Thymol)
타임 에션설 오일은 여러 의학적 효능이 있다. 여기에는 티몰이 있어 소독 효능을 준다. 합성 티몰은 구강제의 소독제로 사용되며, 다른 여러 제품에서 일반적인 살균제로 쓰이기도 한다.
바이오기반 탄소 실험은 *Lamiaceae* 종에 속하는 식물에서 추출한 타임 에센셜 오일 (thymol chemotype)과 저렴한 가격으로 석유화학 원료에서 고순도 (99.9+%)의 원료를 실험실에서 손쉽게 만들 수 있는 합성 티몰을 정확히 구별하게 해준다.
C14 분석을 통한 천연유래 제품 실험은 다음에 기재된 에센샬 오일들이 만약 석유화학 유래 모조품이 포함되어 있을 경우 확인하는데 도움이 됩니다.
| **에센샬 오일 (Essential Oil)** | **합성 모조품 (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| 고편도유 (Bitter Almond Oil) | 벤즈알데하이드 (Benzaldehyde) |
| 카시아 유 (Cassia Oil) | 계피알데하이드, 쿠마린 (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| 계피유 (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | 계피알데하이드 (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| 레몬그라스 유 ( Lemongrass Oil) | 시트랄 (Citral) |
| 리씨열매 오일 (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| 쿠민 열매유 (Cumin Fruit Oil) | 쿠민알데하이드 (Cuminaldehyde) |
| 스위트배질유 (Basil Oils) | 리나놀 (Linalool) |
| 베르가못 유 (Bergamot Oil) |
| 고수열매오일 (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| 멘샤 씨트라타 오일 (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| 육두구 유 (Nutmeg Oil) |
| 로즈메리 유 (Rosemary Oil) |
| 향목유 (Rosewood Oil) |
| 박하유 (Peppermint Oil) | 멘톨, 미네랄 오일 (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| 동록유 (Wintergreen Oil) | 샬리시산 메틸 (Methyl Salicylate) |
| 오리가남 유 (Origanum Oil) | 티몰 (Thymol) |
| 백리향유 (Thyme Oil) |
## Beta 연구소의 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 서비스
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 에센샬 오일에 대한 정확한 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 5-7 영업일 이내에 결과를 보고한다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 마이애미 소재 본 연구소는 ISO 16620-2 (전체탄소 나 전체유기탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소 함량) 나 ASTM D6866에 따라 보고서를 만듭니다. 더 자세한 내용은 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 연락주기 바란다.
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### [수소발생 유래 재생 디젤 (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
수소발생 유래 재생 디젤은 (Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel (HDRD)) 지방이나 식물성 오일의 수소 처리 과정 중 정제 과정에서 생깁니다. 그린 디젤 (“green diesel”)이라고도 알려졌으며, 단독으로 사용되기도 하고, 일반 디젤과 섞어 사용하기도 합니다.
바이오 디젤과 같은 원료를 사용하지만, 바이오 디젤은 긴 지방산 체인에서 모노 알카리 에스터로 만들어지지만 HDRD은 포화된 직선 체인 탄화수소로 주로 만들어져
석유계 디젤의 구성과 유사합니다.
## HDRD 미래 가치
지속적 연구 개발로 바이오 연료 시장에서의 여러가지 이점으로 HDRD의 미래는 밝습니다. 주요 이점 중 하나는 현재 정제 기술로 생산 가능하며 석유계 디젤과 유사점이 있다는 것은 기존의 기반 시설과 자동차에 사용해도 별다른 문제가 없다는 것을 의미합니다.
추가로, HDRD은 연소 비율이 높아 자동차의 기능을 좋게 해 줄 뿐아니라 수명 연장에도 도움을 줍니다. 또한 다른 연료에 비해 환경적 이점들이 있어 아주 낮은 황 함량, 그리고 연소 시 카놀라 같은 재생 원료와 유사한 양의 이산화탄소를 방출할 뿐입니다.
## Beta 연구소의 HDRD 테스트
바이오기반 함량 실험은 시료의 방사성탄소 함량을 측정하여 순수 HDRD나 혼합 HDRD의 바이오매스 유래 부분을 측정합니다. 바이오매스 유래 물질들은 정해진 양의 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 반면에 석유계 유래 물질은 전혀 가지고 있지 않습니다. [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") 표준 실험 방식은 방사성탄소를 사용해 전체 탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소를 측정합니다.
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 ASTM D6866 표준 분석 방법에 따라 바이오 연료의 바이오기반 탄소 실험 서비스를 제공해 드리고 있습니다. 미국 마이애미에 위치한 본사 실험실은 5-7 영업일 이내에 결과 보고해 드립니다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 궁금하신 점이 있으시면 아래 이메일로 연락을 주시거나 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 한국 서울 사무실이나 [local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "Beta local forwarding office")로 연락주시기 바랍니다.
---
### [사인하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta 연구소는 일 년에 2-3 소식지를 보내 신규 서비스, 시료에 관한 조언 및 다른 산업계 뉴스 업데이트를 제공합니다.
보기 예: [바이오 베이스](https://www.scribd.com/document/671972648/%EC%A0%84%EC%B2%B4-%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C-%EB%8C%80-%EC%A0%84%EC%B2%B4-%EC%9C%A0%EA%B8%B0-%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C-Beta-Analytic) \| [천연 제품](https://www.scribd.com/document/671976952/%EC%B2%9C%EC%97%B0%EC%9C%A0%EB%9E%98-vs-%ED%95%A9%EC%84%B1%EC%9C%A0%EB%9E%98-%EA%B2%80%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%98-%EC%8B%9C%EB%A3%8C-%EC%A4%80%EB%B9%84%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0-Beta-Analytic) \| [이산화탄소 및 재생 연료](https://www.scribd.com/document/671979113/%EC%9E%AC%EC%83%9D-%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C-%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8-%EC%8B%9C%EB%A3%8C-%EC%A4%80%EB%B9%84-%EB%B0%A9%EB%B2%95-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter)
언제든 탈퇴 가능한 옵션으로 소식지 받는 것에 동의합니다.:
바이오 베이스 산업이산화탄소 및 재생 연료바이오 연료천연 제품 (e.g.F&F, 건강 보조 식품)
---
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즉시 탈퇴를 원하시면 소식지 하단에 있는 링크를 클릭합니다. 다른 방법으로 이메일 제목을 UNSUBSCRIBE라 적어 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 로 이메일 보냅니다. 즉시 연락처 리스트에서 고객 이메일을 삭제합니다.
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### [바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 - 위조 탐지 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/food.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
자연산 제품들의 인기가 높아지고 이런 추세는 날로 지속되고 있으면서 믿을 수 있는 위조 탐지 방법의 필요성이 날로 늘어나고 있다. 자연산 원료를 사용하는 제품들의 가격은 합성 원료를 사용하는 제품보다 비싼 관계로 화석 연료로 만든 값싼 합성 원료를 사용하면서 자연산 원료를 이용한 제품이라 속이는 일들이 팽배해지고 있다. 그 결과로 제조업자, 공급업자서부터 소비자에 이르기까지 모든 사람들에게 위조 탐지 방법이 갈수록 중요해지고 있다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험 (Carbon-14 분석)은 이런 위조 탐지 방법이다. 화석 연료와 비교되는 재생 원료의 제품 내 탄소 함량을 측정함으로써 바이오 기반임을 증명할 수 있으며, 합성 위조품을 탐지할 수 있다. 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험은 방사성탄소 (Carbon-14)의 흔적을 조사하는 방법인데 자연산 인지 아니면 합성 원료인지 알아내는 가장 정확한 실험 방법이다.
커큐민 (Curcumin)
음식의 향과 색을 내는데 많이 사용하며, 강황 (turmeric)의 구성물질이라 알려진 커큐민은 치료용 으로도 많이 쓰이고 있다. 자연산 원료는 강황 식물이다. 합성 제품은 가격이 저렴하여 자연산 커큐민이라 표기되어 있지만 실제는 합성 원료를 쓰는 제품들이 가장 흔히 볼 수 있는 예다.
바이오기반 함량 측정 실험은 자연산 원료를 사용했는지, 합성 원료를 사용했는지 혹은 자연산 원료를 사용하였다고 표기된 제품이 실제 합성 원료를 사용한 가짜인지 여부를 정확히 검사하는 실험이다.
식품 표기
[U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling)은 “자연산”이란 말 뜻은 인공이나 합성 (원료와 상관없이 모든 착색료 포함) 물질이 첨가되지 않았거나 포함되지 않은 것이라 정의한다. FDA은 이 정책이 살충제를 사용 여부와 같은 식품 제조 방법 혹은 열 처리, 저온 살균, 방사성 조사와 같은 식품 제조 과정 혹은 공정 과정을 공개하라는 의도를 가진 것은 아니라고 강조한다. 또한 “자연산”이라는 단어가 어떤 영양학적 혹은 다른 건강상의 혜택을 설명해주는지 여부 역시 관심이 없다.
## Beta 연구소의 신속한 자연산 원료 진위 여부 실험
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 승인 업체인 Beta 연구소는 식품 및 건강 보조 식품의 자연산 대비 합성 원료 함량 사용의 퍼센트를 파악하는 방사성탄소 분석 서비스를 제공한다. 5-7 영업일 이내에 결과를 보고한다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 미국 플로리다 마이애미 소재 Beta 연구소는 국제 표준 방식인 ASTM D6866 나 ISO 16620-2 8.3.2 전체탄소 나 전체유기탄소 중 바이오기반 탄소 함량 에 따라 보고서를 만듭니다. 더 자세한 내용은 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 연락주기 바란다.
**추가 자료:**
[식품의 바이오기반 함량에 관한 FCC 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fcc.html)
---
### [註冊](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta實驗室每年寄送2至3次電子報，提供最新服務訊息、取樣建議與產業新聞。
電子報內容: [生質產品](https://www.scribd.com/document/673957931/%E7%B8%BD%E7%A2%B3%E8%88%87%E7%B8%BD%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E7%A2%B3-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter) \| [天然來源產品](https://www.scribd.com/document/671977483/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E6%BA%96%E5%82%99%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%88%87%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6%E7%9A%84%E6%A8%A3%E5%93%81-Beta-Analytic) \| [二氧化碳與廢棄物衍生燃料](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/beta-analytic-newsletter-261493999)
我同意隨時接收以下主題的新消息，並可選擇取消訂閱：
生質產業二氧化碳與廢棄物衍生燃料生質燃料天然來源產品(例如: 香精與香料、營養補充品)
---
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### [サインアップして新情報を](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic は年に2-3回ニュースレターを配信しています。ニュースレターでは、新しいサービスの情報、サンプリングに関するアドバイス、業界情報などをお送りしています。
ニュースレターの例: [バイオベースド](https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/beta-analytic-6632/262354874) \| [天然由来製品](https://www.scribd.com/document/671977117/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6-vs-%E5%90%88%E6%88%90-%E8%A9%A6%E9%A8%93%E3%81%AE%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AE%E8%A9%A6%E6%96%99%E6%BA%96%E5%82%99%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95-Beta-Analytic) \| [CO2 と廃棄物燃料](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/beta-analytic-newsletter)
サインアップして以下の項目に関するニュースレターを受け取ることに同意します。購読の解除はいつでも可能です。:
バイオベースド産業CO2 と廃棄物燃料バイオ燃料天然由来製品 (e.g. 食品&香料, サプリメント)
---
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個人情報は保護に努めています。サード・パーティーに個人情報を提供しません。詳細は [プライバシーポリシー](https://betalabservices-1bfd8.kxcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/BetaAnalyticPrivacyPolicy5-21-18.pdf) をお読みください。
**購読解除方法**
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### [クルクミン（ターメリック抽出物）のCarbon-14分析](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ターメリックの粉末は、ウコンという植物から作られ、クルクミンを含むいくつかの異なるクルクミノイドで構成されています。特徴的な黄色で、香辛料、着色料、化粧品の原料、サプリメントなど様々な用途で使われています。他の天然の原料同様、クルクミンは石油系合成物質を用いて偽和されることがあり、生産者や供給者にとって、天然由来の証明が極めて重大になりつつあります。
## クルクミン（ターメリック抽出物）の偽和
天然由来のクルクミンは、ターメリックから抽出されています。しかし、抽出この工程は石油系化合物から合成クルクミンを生産するよりコストがかかります。 最近では、クルクミンの合成経路の多くは、アセチルアセトンとバニリンを最初に用いた パボン方式を応用したものです。天然バニリンは希少なため、生産費用が高くなる一方、石油系化学物質を使用することで、低コストで合成が可能です。
さらに、製剤への合成クルクミンの使用が今後規制対象になる可能性があります。 例えば、2016年8月に米国食品医薬局（FDA）が起草した新規栄養成分（NDI）に関するガイドライン案では、ハーブや植物の合成同一物質は、似て非なるものであり、連邦食品・医薬品・化粧品法201(ff)(1)(c)における栄養成分と認めないことを強調しました。
クルクミンの市場が2023年までには100憶円にも達すると言われている中、偽和品に対する規制影響と経済的誘因を考慮すると、製造者や供給者にとって、合成クルクミンの存在を確実に検出可能であることが重要です。 また、天然由来証明は、お客様の信頼を勝ち取ることができる有効なマーケティングツールとしてもお使いいただけます。
## Carbon-14（放射性炭素）分析による偽和検出
Carbon-14（放射性炭素）分析は、石油系合成品を用いた天然クルクミンの偽和を検出する正確なツールとして立証されています。アメリカン・ボタニカル・カウンシルによると (American Botanical Council):
合成クルクミンによる天然クルクミンの置換は意図的行われ、分光法などによるほとんどの分析試験では検知できません。高性能の加速器を用いて試料中の 14Cの測定を行う、炭素の同位体分析試験はクルクミンが植物由来のものか、合成であるかを区別するための最も有効な試験です。\[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
Carbon-14（放射性炭素）は不安定で弱い放射性の炭素同位体であり、上層大気圏における連続生成から炭素サイクルに入ります。結果、生きているもの、または直近まで生きていたものは、炭素サイクルの一部となっているため、Carbon-14を既知量保持しています。この放射性同位体は時間とともに崩壊していきます。そして、石油および石油派生物はとても古いため、Carbon-14を保有していません。よって、Carbon-14の含有量を測定することで、クルクミンのような天然物質（バイオベース）を含むことを明示できるのです。
## Beta Analytic社 – 天然由来証明試験機関
ISO 17025認定試験機関Beta Analytic社は、全炭素量（TC）または全有機体炭素量（TOC）に対するバイオベース炭素含有率を評価する国際規格ASTM D6866およびISO 16620-2に準拠したC14（放射性炭素）測定を用いて、高品質かつ迅速な天然由来証明試験をご提供しています。 結果は5～7営業日で報告され、QAレポートやサンプル写真を含め、オンラインで常時確認が可能です。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 Beta Analyticsへのお問い合わせは、メール([US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta"))、もしくは[代理店](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "代理店")へお電話ください。
参考:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) May 2018 (accessed June 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). June 2017 (accessed August 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). August 2016 (accessed July 2017).
*最終更新日：2021年6月*
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### [Teneur biosourcée des huiles essentielles](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/huiles.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Les huiles essentielles sont des essences concentrées de plantes extraites par distillation ou pression. Elles sont largement utilisées pour leur arôme, parfum et même pour leurs effets thérapeutiques. En raison de leurs applications variées et de la tendance croissante en faveur des produits “naturels”, les huiles essentielles connaissent une demande importante dans les industries pharmaceutiques, cosmétiques, alimentaires et dans le secteur des boissons.
Les huiles essentielles sont chères à produire, et avec leur popularité croissante, les versions synthétiques plus faciles à obtenir sont souvent considérées comme huiles parfumées. Les versions synthétiques n’ont pas exactement les mêmes composants que les huiles d’origine naturelle. Dans la production des huiles essentielles naturelles, il y a d’autres composés en faible concentration qui sont également extraits. Par exemple, lors de la synthétisation du cinnamaldéhyde, les autres composés trouvés dans l’huile de cannelle naturelle ne sont pas créés.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée (analyse carbone 14) permet de déterminer si l’huile essentielle est naturelle ou synthétique. Cette mesure de naturalité peut être utilisée par les fournisseurs et fabricants pour vérifier si une huile essentielle n’a pas été altérée avec sa variante synthétique moins chère. Pour distinguer les différentes sources naturelles, l’analyse des isotopes stables et autres analyses chimiques sont nécessaires.
## Huiles essentielles naturelles contre synthétiques
Huile d’amande amère vs Benzaldéhyde synthétique
L’huile d’amande amère est largement utilisée comme agent aromatisant. A part les noyaux d’amande, l’huile d’amande amère peut également être extraite de fruits comme les pêches ou abricots. En raison de l’offre limitée et du coût élevé de la forme naturelle, le composé synthétique est souvent utilisé à la fois dans les aliments et boissons.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée peut déterminer si l’huile d’amande amère a été obtenue à partir d’une source naturelle ou synthétique, ou d’un mélange des deux. L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée ne permet toutefois pas de distinguer les différentes sources naturelles.
Huile de cannelle vs Cinnamaldéhyde synthétique
L’huile de cannelle est utilisée dans l’industrie alimentaire comme arôme ou parfum, mais également comme fongicide et pour ses bienfaits sur la santé. L’huile de cannelle peut renvoyer à deux types – la version la plus forte et la plus chère utilisée pour produire l’huile d’écorce de cannelle et la version la moins chère avec l’huile de feuille de cannelle et huile de casse. En raison du coût de production élevé, c’est l’huile d’écorce de cannelle qui risque le plus d’être altérée avec une alternative moins chère.
L’analyse de la naturalité permet de vérifier si l’huile de cannelle est d’origine naturelle ou si elle a été altérée avec du cinnamaldéhyde synthétique.
Linalol naturel issu d’huile essentielle vs. Linalol synthétique
Le linalol est un composant essentiel de l’huile de coriandre, qui dans sa forme naturelle est extraite de graines de *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)*. Le linalol est également un composant des huiles de bergamote, lavande, menthe, citrata et bois de rose. L’arôme chimique est utilisé dans des parfums et arômes, conservateurs, lotions et médicaments.
L’analyse du carbone biosourcé permet d’identifier le linalol synthétique dérivé de la pétrochimie, qui est chimiquement identique au linalol distillé à partir d’huile de lavande, mais qui n’est pas d’origine botanique. L’analyse du carbone biosourcé, toutefois, ne permet pas de distinguer l’origine botanique spécifique du linalol naturel, ni d’identifier le linalol synthétique fabriqué à partir de beta pinène, un sous-produit de l’industrie du papier.
Huile essentielle de thym vs. thymol synthétique
L’huile essentielle de thym a de nombreuses propriétés médicinales. Elle contient du thymol qui donne à l’huile essentielle toutes ses propriétés antiseptiques. Le thymol synthétique est utilisé comme antiseptique dans les bains de bouche et dans les désinfectants tout usage notamment, parmi de nombreuses autres applications.
Le test de carbone biosourcé permet de différencier une huile essentielle de thym (chimiotype thymol) extraite de plante comme celle appartenant à la famille des *Lamiaceae*, et le thymol synthétique qui peut être fabriqué en laboratoire avec une très grande pureté (99,9+%) à partir de sources pétrochimiques à bas coût.
L’analyse des produits naturels avec la méthode du carbone 14 peut être utilisée pour contrôler si les huiles essentielles contiennent des adultérants dérivés de la pétrochimie.
| **Huile d’amande amère (Essential Oil)** | **Adultérant synthétique (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| Huile d’amande amère (Bitter Almond Oil) | Benzaldéhyde |
| Huile de cassia (Cassia Oil) | Cinnamaldéhyde, Coumarine (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| Huile d’écorce de cannelle (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | Cinnamaldéhyde |
| Huile de citronnelle (Lemongrass Oil) | Citral |
| Litsea Cubeba (verveine exotique) (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| Huile de graine de cumin (Cumin Fruit Oil) | Cuminaldéhyde |
| Huile de basilic (Basil Oils) | Linalol (Linalool) |
| Huile de bergamote (Bergamot Oil) |
| Huile de graine de coriandre (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| Huile de menthe citronnée (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| Huile de noix de muscade (Nutmeg Oil) |
| Huile de romarin (Rosemary Oil) |
| Huile de bois de rose (Rosewood Oil) |
| Huile de menthe poivrée (Peppermint Oil) | Menthol, huile minérale (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| Huile de thé des bois (Wintergreen Oil) | Salicylate de méthyle (Methyl Salicylate) |
| Huile d’origan (Origanum Oil) | Thymol |
| Huile de thym (Thyme Oil) |
## Analyses de la teneur biosourcée par Beta Analytic
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 fournit des analyses de la teneur biosourcée rapides et de haute qualité. Les résultats sont communiqués sous 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Le laboratoire basé à Miami reporte les résultats selon la norme ISO 16620-2 (teneur en carboné biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total ou carbone organique total) ou ASTM D6866. Pour toute question, veuillez nous contacter à l’adresse <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
---
### [Teneur biosourcée des arômes et parfums](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/parfums.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
De nos jours, pour beaucoup d’arômes et parfums sur le marché, les producteurs d’aliments et de boissons ont le choix entre les variantes naturelles et synthétiques. Etant donné que le produit d’origine naturelle est souvent plus coûteux, de nombreuses entreprises vont utiliser l’équivalent synthétique.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée (analyse carbone 14) est un moyen de distinguer une origine naturelle d’une origine synthétique. Les arômes et parfums synthétiques sont généralement fabriqués à partir de sources minérales comme le pétrole. Les combustibles fossiles tels que le pétrole ont été formés il y a plusieurs millions d’années et sont donc faibles en carbone 14, contrairement aux matériaux d’origine naturelle qui ont une teneur en carbone 14 similaire à celles des végétaux actuels. Par conséquent, en mesurant la teneur en carbone 14 des arômes et parfums, on peut déterminer si le matériau est d’origine naturelle ou synthétique, ou si un arôme ou parfum indiqué comme d’origine 100 % naturelle a été altéré.
## Naturelle vs Artificielle – Déterminer l’origine du produit
Vanille
Source naturelle – Gousses de vanille (Vanilla planifolia)
Vanille artificielle – Lignine (sous-produit de l’industrie du papier), éthylvanilline (dérivée du goudron), bio-vanilline (dérivée de fermentation microbienne)
La vanille est très répandue dans l’industrie des arômes et parfums. Elle est très chère en raison d’une demande élevée et d’une offre faible. La plupart des produits contiennent de la vanille synthétique, dont les formes les plus courantes sont la lignine et l’éthylvanilline.
L’analyse de la naturalité permet de distinguer les extraits de gousse de vanille par opposition à la vanille issue de dérivés pétrochimiques. L’analyse ne permet pas déterminer si la vanille est issue de gousses de vanille ou d’autres précurseurs botaniques. L’analyse des isotopes stables du carbone est nécessaire pour permettre d’identifier le matériau d’origine.
Caféine
Source naturelle – grains de café, feuilles de thé, baies de guarana
Source synthétique – synthèse chimique de l’urée
La caféine fait figure de géant dans l’industrie agroalimentaire, que ce soit dans le café, thé ou soda. Ces dernières années, la demande pour les boissons caféinées n’a cessé de croître, y compris pour les boissons énergisantes, boissons pour sportifs et soda. Dans les boissons autres que le café ou le thé, la caféine produite synthétiquement représente une source peu onéreuse.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée permet de déterminer si la caféine est d’origine naturelle ou synthétique. L’analyse ne permet toutefois pas de différencier les différentes sources naturelles de la caféine.
Acide acétique
Source naturelle – Fermentation de certaines plantes et fruits
Source synthétique – Alcool synthétique
L’acide acétique a de nombreuses utilisations. Sous une forme diluée, il est utilisé comme agent nettoyant (vinaigre). Dans l’industrie alimentaire, il est utilisé comme régulateur d’acidité et condiment.
Pour contrôler l’acide acétique falsifié ou frauduleux, l’analyse de la teneur biosourcée peut être utilisée. Elle permet de distinguer l’acide acétique de source naturelle de son équivalent synthétique issu de matières premières pétrochimiques.
Acide tartrique
Source naturelle – Certains fruits (généralement comme sous-produit dérivé de déchets de l’industrie viticole)
Source synthétique – Issu d’anhydride maléique (acide tartrique synthétique L-(+)
L’utilisation de l’acide tartrique s’étend dans toute l’industrie agroalimentaire, que ce soit pour le vin, les jus ou la pâtisserie. Les sources naturelles et synthétiques de l’acide tartrique sont utilisées dans le commerce. L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée permet de différencier les deux sortes et de vérifier quel matériau est d’origine naturelle.
## Analyses de la teneur biosourcée par Beta Analytic
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic basé à Miami fournit des analyses de la teneur biosourcée – aussi appelée analyses de naturalité – rapides et de haute qualité pour l’industrie des arômes et parfums. Les résultats sont communiqués sous 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Le laboratoire accrédité ISO 17025 reporte les résultats selon les normes internationales ISO 16620-2 (teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total ou carbone organique total) ou ASTM D6866. Pour toute question, veuillez nous contacter à l’adresse <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Suscríbete para recibir actualizaciones](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Published:** February 2, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic envía de 2 a 3 newsletters al año con actualizaciones sobre nuevos servicios, recomendaciones de muestreo y las últimas novedades de la industria.
Ejemplos: [Newsletter sobre la industria de base biológica](https://www.scribd.com/document/671972503/Nuevas-Iniciativas-de-La-UE-Para-Bioplasticos-y-Envases-Con-Contenido-Renovable-Beta-Analytic) \| [Productos Naturales](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/cmo-preparar-muestras-para-el-anlisis-de-contenido-natural-vs-sinttico-beta-analytic) \| [CO2 y Combustibles Renovables ](https://www.scribd.com/document/671978847/Nuevo-Documento-de-Orientacion-Alinea-Los-Requisitos-Del-RCDE-UE-Con-Los-de-La-DFER-II-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter)
Acepto recibir actualizaciones sobre los siguientes temas con la opción de cancelar la suscripción en cualquier momento:
Industria sobre productos de base biológicaCO2 y Combustibles RenovablesBiocombustiblesProductos Naturales (p. ej. condimentos, suplementos alimenticios)
---
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**¿Cómo puedo cancelar mi suscripción?**
Haga clic en el enlace que se encuentra en la parte inferior de la newsletter para dar de baja la suscripción. También puede enviar un correo a <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> agregando la siguiente frase en el asunto CANCELAR SUSCRIPCIÓN. Inmediatamente eliminaremos su correo electrónico de nuestra lista.
---
### [SGSベータ – 高品質の炭素14試験所](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-management.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta は1979年に “Beta Analytic”として設立され、放射性炭素年代測定を依頼する顧客のニーズに対し、迅速な納品と柔軟な対応で応えることを使命としてスタートしました。
バイオベース／バイオジェニックの含有量は、現在の炭素と化石由来の炭素の比率を測定することによって得られます。そのため、”バイオベース／バイオジェニックの含有量”は”放射性炭素年代測定”の結果から計算によって求めることができます。SGS Beta は[放射性炭素年代測定の専門知識](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)をすでに備えていたため、世界中のさまざまな業界に信頼性の高い[バイオベース](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased.html)/[バイオジェニック試験を](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biofuels.html)すぐに提供できる体制が整っていました。
## 品質と迅速な結果の提供へのコミットメント
SGS Beta の経営陣は、研究者にとって確度と精度の高い結果を、約束された納期内に提供することの重要性を十分に理解しています。
フロリダ州マイアミに位置するこの試験所では、長年にわたり品質保証プログラムを実施してきました。当社は、最先端のカスタマイズされた加速器質量分析計 (AMS)、同位体比質量分析計 (IRMS)、およびキャビティリングダウン分光法システム (CRDS) を社内で複数所有し、運用しています。
SGS Beta は[ISO 17025 認定試験機関](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)です。この認定は公平な第三者によって授与され、試験所が技術的に有効な試験結果を一貫して提供するために必要な能力を備えていることを証明します。
### **SGSがベータを買収**
2024 年 11 月、[Beta Analytic は世界中の 2,600 以上のオフィスと試験所からなる SGS のネットワークに加わりました](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/)。SGS ノースアメリカの一員として、SGS Beta はさまざまな業界の顧客に最高レベルの環境試験ソリューションを提供する能力を強化しました。
この買収により、当試験所は、正確で信頼性の高いバイオベース/バイオジェニック含有量試験、天然由来 vs 合成由来試験、炭化水素および燃料ガスの放射性炭素測定を引き続き提供していきます。
### **SGSについて**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS")は世界有数の試験、検査、認証会社です。品質と信頼性における世界標準と認識されています。世界各地に拠点と試験所のネットワークを展開し、SGSの社員は協力しながら、より良く、より安全で、よりつながりのある世界の実現に取り組んでいます。
### **お問合せ先**
ご質問やご不明な点がございましたら, <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>までメールを送信いただくか、052-802-0703までお電話ください。
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最終更新：2025年3月
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### [SGS Beta實驗室–高品質碳-14測試實驗室](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/beta-analytic-management.html)
**Published:** November 19, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
SGS Beta實驗室成立於1979年，以「Beta Analytic」的名稱，致力於以快速交付和迅速回應的方式滿足放射性碳定年客戶的需求。
由於生質/生物源含量是現代碳與化石碳的衡量值，因此需要一個特殊的計算來將“放射性碳定年”轉化為“生質/生物源含量”的數值。SGS Beta實驗室的[放射性碳定年測試專業](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)已經實現，能夠立即為全球各行業提供可靠的[生質](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased.html)/[生物源測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biofuels.html)。
## 致力於高品質和快速成果交付
SGS Beta實驗室的管理人員深刻體認提供準確結果的必要性，同時關注研究人員的顧慮並在承諾的時程內提供結果。
本實驗室位於佛羅里達州邁阿密，擁有長期的品質保證計劃。我們擁有並運行多個內部自有的最先進加速器質譜儀(AMS)、同位素比質譜儀(IRMS)和光腔衰盪光譜 (CRDS)。
SGS Beta實驗室是一家獲得[ISO 17025認證的測試實驗室](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)。此認證是公正的，由第三方授予，並證明實驗室具有持續提供技術有效的測試結果所需的能力。
### **SGS收購Beta實驗室**
2024年11月，[Beta實驗室加入SGS的全球2,600多個辦公室和實驗室](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/)網絡。作為SGS北美的一部分,SGS Beta實驗室強化了向不同行業的客戶提供頂級環境測試解決方案的能力。
透過這項收購，本實驗室將繼續提供準確和可靠的生質/生物源含量測試、天然來源與合成來源測試，以及碳氫化合物和燃料氣體的放射性測量。
### **關於SGS**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS")是全球領先的測試、檢驗和認證公司。它被認可為高品質和誠信的全球基準。SGS員工擁有全球辦公室和實驗室網絡，共同努力創造更美好、更安全、更互聯的世界。
### **請聯絡我們!**
如果您有任何疑問或詢問,請Email至<US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>或致電(+886)-2-7742-6266。
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相關主題: 2025年3月
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### [SGS Beta — Un laboratoire d'analyse du carbone 14 de haute qualité](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/beta.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta a été fondée en 1979 sous le nom de « Beta Analytic » dans le but de répondre à la demande de datation au radiocarbone avec réactivité et temps d’analyse rapide.
Étant donné que le contenu biosourcé/biogénique est une mesure du carbone actuel par rapport au carbone fossile, seul un calcul spécial a été nécessaire pour transformer une « date au radiocarbone » en une mesure du « contenu biosourcé/biogénique ». L’[expertise de SGS Beta en matière de datation au radiocarbone](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/datation-radiocarbone-ams.html) étant déjà en place, l’entreprise était bien placée pour fournir immédiatement des analyses [biosourcées](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources.html) et [biogéniques](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants.html) fiables à diverses industries du monde entier.
## Engagement en faveur de la qualité et de l’obtention rapide de résultats
La direction de SGS Beta comprend la nécessité de fournir des résultats exacts et précis en tenant compte à la fois des préoccupations des chercheurs et des délais annoncés.
Situé à Miami, en Floride, le laboratoire dispose de programmes d’assurance qualité de longue date. Il possède et exploite en interne des équipements de pointe personnalisés comme plusieurs spectromètres de masse par accélérateur (AMS), des spectromètres de masse à rapport isotopique (IRMS) et des systèmes de spectroscopie annulaire à cavité (CRDS).
SGS Beta est un [laboratoire d’analyse accrédité ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). Cette accréditation est impartiale, attribuée par des tiers et démontre qu’un laboratoire possède les compétences nécessaires pour fournir constamment des résultats d’analyse techniquement valides.
### **SGS fait l’acquisition de Beta**
En novembre 2024, [Beta Analytic a rejoint le réseau de plus de 2 600 bureaux et laboratoires de SGS dans le monde entier](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). En tant que filiale de SGS Amérique du Nord, SGS Beta a renforcé sa capacité à fournir des solutions d’analyse environnementale de premier plan à des clients de divers secteurs.
Grâce à cette acquisition, le laboratoire continue de fournir des analyses de contenu biosourcé/biogénique précis et fiables, des analyses de naturalité et des mesures au radiocarbone des hydrocarbures et des gaz combustibles.
### **À propos de SGS**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS") est le leader mondial de l’analyse, de l’inspection et de la certification. Il est reconnu comme la référence mondiale en matière de qualité et d’intégrité. Exploitant un réseau mondial de bureaux et de laboratoires, les employés de SGS travaillent ensemble pour créer un monde meilleur, plus sûr et plus interconnecté.
### **Contactez-nous**
Si vous avez des questions ou besoin de précisions, veuillez nous envoyer un e-mail à <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> ou appeler le (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Dernière mise à jour : Mars 2025
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### [SGS Beta — um laboratório de análises de alta qualidade por carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/beta.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O SGS Beta foi fundado em 1979 como “Beta Analytic”, com o compromisso de atender à demanda de clientes por datações radiocarbônicas com entregas rápidas e capacidade de resposta.
Como o teor biobaseado/biogênico é uma medida de carbono atual em relação a carbono fóssil, foi necessário apenas um cálculo especial para transformar uma datação radiocarbônica em uma medição de teor biobaseado/biogênico. Com a [experiência em datações radiocarbônicas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/datacao-radiocarbono-ams.html) do SGS Beta estabelecida, o laboratório já estava bem posicionado para imediatamente oferecer análises [biobaseadas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica.html)/[biogênicas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis.html) confiáveis para várias indústrias em todo o mundo.
## Compromisso com a qualidade e entrega rápida de resultados
A gestão do SGS Beta entende a necessidade de se obter resultados acurados e precisos, tanto com atenção às preocupações dos pesquisadores quanto com a entrega dentro do prazo prometido.
Localizado em Miami, nos Estados Unidos, há longa data o laboratório executa programas de garantia de qualidade. Ele possui e opera múltiplos espectrômetros de massas com aceleradores (AMS) customizados de última geração, espectrômetros de massas de razões isotópicas (IRMS) e sistemas de espectroscopia por cavidade ressonante tipo ring-down (CRDS).
O SGS Beta é um [laboratório de análises acreditado pela ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). A acreditação é imparcial e concedida por terceiros, e demonstra que o laboratório tem a competência necessária para consistentemente produzir resultados de análises tecnicamente válidos.
### **A SGS adquire o Beta**
Em novembro de 2024, [o Beta Analytic juntou-se à rede SGS, que conta com mais de 2.600 escritórios e laboratórios em todo o mundo](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). Como parte da SGS North America, o SGS Beta fortaleceu sua capacidade de fornecer soluções de análises ambientais do mais alto nível para clientes em vários setores.
Por meio da aquisição, o laboratório continua a oferecer ensaios precisos e confiáveis de teor biobaseado/biogênico, análises da origem natural e sintética de produtos, e medições radiocarbônicas de hidrocarbonetos e gases combustíveis.
### **Sobre a SGS**
A [SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en) é líder mundial em análises, inspeções e certificações. É reconhecida como referência global em qualidade e integridade. Operando uma rede mundial de escritórios e laboratórios, os funcionários da SGS trabalham juntos para possibilitar um mundo melhor, mais seguro e mais interconectado.
### **Fale conosco**
Se tem alguma dúvida, envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> ou ligue para (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Última atualização da página: março de 2025
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### [SGS Beta – Laboratorio specializzato in analisi al carbonio-14 di alta qualità](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/beta.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta è stata fondata nel 1979, con il nome di “Beta Analytic”, per soddisfare la domanda di datazioni al radiocarbonio rapide accompagnate da un servizio clienti efficiente.
Poiché il contenuto biobased/biogenico rappresenta una misura del carbonio moderno, in contrapposizione a quello fossile, è stato sufficiente applicare un calcolo specifico per trasformare una datazione al radiocarbonio in una misurazione del contenuto biobased/biogenico. Grazie alla sua [esperienza consolidata nell’ambito della datazione al carbonio](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/datazione-radiocarbonio-ams.html), SGS Beta è stata in grado di offrire sin da subito analisi del contenuto [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html)/[biogenico](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili.html) affidabili ad aziende di diversi settori a livello globale.
## Impegno per la qualità e per la consegna puntuale dei risultati
La direzione di SGS Beta comprende l’importanza di fornire risultati accurati e precisi, rispondendo alle esigenze dei ricercatori e rispettando le tempistiche concordate.
Situato a Miami, in Florida, il laboratorio adotta da tempo rigorose procedure di garanzia di qualità. Dispone di diversi spettrometri di massa con acceleratore (AMS), spettrometri di massa isotopica (IRMS) e sistemi CRDS, di proprietà del laboratorio e progettati su misura secondo le più moderne tecnologie.
SGS Beta è un [laboratorio di analisi accreditato ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). Questo accreditamento, rilasciato da un ente terzo indipendente, attesta la competenza tecnica del laboratorio nel fornire costantemente risultati validi e affidabili.
### **SGS acquisisce Beta**
Nel novembre 2024, [Beta Analytic è entrata a far parte della rete globale di oltre 2.600 uffici e laboratori di SGS](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). Come parte di SGS North America, SGS Beta ha rafforzato la propria capacità di offrire soluzioni analitiche ambientali di alto livello a clienti che operano in diversi settori.
Grazie a questa acquisizione, il laboratorio continua a fornire analisi del contenuto biobased/biogenico precise e affidabili, test dell’origine naturale e misurazioni al radiocarbonio di idrocarburi e gas combustibili.
### **Informazioni su SGS**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS") è leader mondiale nei servizi di ispezione, verifica, analisi e certificazione. È riconosciuta a livello globale come punto di riferimento per qualità e integrità. Con una rete internazionale di uffici e laboratori, i team di SGS collaborano per costruire un mondo migliore, più sicuro e interconnesso.
### **Contatta il nostro team**
Per domande o chiarimenti, invia un’email a <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> o chiama il numero (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 2025
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### [SGS Beta – Laboratorio de análisis de carbono-14 de alta calidad](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/beta.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta se fundó en 1979 bajo el nombre de “Beta Analytic”, con el objetivo de atender la necesidad de los clientes que solicitaban análisis por radiocarbono, ofreciendo tiempos de entrega rápidos y atención personalizada.
Dado que el contenido de origen biológico/biogénico es una medida del carbono actual en comparación con el carbono fósil, solo era necesario un cálculo específico transformar una “fecha por radiocarbono” en una medición de este tipo de contenido. Gracias a su experiencia previa en [datación por radiocarbono](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/datacion-radiocarbono-ams.html), SGS Beta estaba perfectamente preparado para ofrecer [análisis de origen biológico](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica.html) o [biogénico](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles.html) de manera confiable a diversas industrias en todo el mundo.
## Compromiso con la calidad y la entrega rápida de resultados
La dirección de SGS Beta comprende la importancia de entregar resultados precisos y confiables, atendiendo las necesidades del cliente dentro de los plazos establecidos.
Ubicado en Miami, Florida, el laboratorio cuenta con programas de aseguramiento de calidad consolidados. Opera con sistemas propios y personalizados de espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS), espectrometría de masas de relaciones isotópicas (IRMS) y espectroscopía de decaimiento por cavidad resonante (CRDS), todos de última generación.
SGS Beta es un laboratorio acreditado bajo la [norma ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). Esta acreditación es otorgada por una entidad independiente y certifica que el laboratorio cumple con los requisitos técnicos necesarios para generar resultados válidos de forma constante.
### **SGS adquiere Beta**
En noviembre de 2024, [Beta Analytic pasó a formar parte de la red global de SGS](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/), compuesta por más de 2,600 oficinas y laboratorios. Como parte de SGS North America, SGS Beta reforzó su capacidad para brindar soluciones de análisis ambiental de primer nivel a clientes de múltiples sectores.
A través de esta adquisición, el laboratorio continúa ofreciendo servicios confiables de análisis de contenido de origen biológico/biogénico, medición de contenido natural frente a sintético, y mediciones de radiocarbono en hidrocarburos y gases combustibles.
### **Acerca de SGS**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS") es la empresa líder mundial en inspección, verificación, análisis y certificación. Es reconocida como referente global en calidad e integridad. Con una red internacional de oficinas y laboratorios, el equipo de SGS trabaja para construir un mundo mejor, más seguro y conectado.
### **Contáctenos**
Si tiene alguna duda o pregunta, envíenos un correo electrónico a <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> o llámenos al (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Última actualización de la página: marzo de 2025
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### [SGS Beta – Ein hochwertiges Kohlenstoff-14-Testlabor](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/beta.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta wurde 1979 als „Beta Analytic“ mit dem Ziel gegründet, die Nachfrage der Kunden im Bereich der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung durch schnelle Lieferung und Reaktionsfähigkeit zu erfüllen.
Da der biobasierte/biogene Anteil ein Maß für den heutigen Kohlenstoff im Vergleich zu fossilem Kohlenstoff ist, war nur eine spezielle Berechnung erforderlich, um aus einem „Radiokohlenstoff-Datum“ eine Messung des „biobasierten/biogenen Anteils“ zu machen. Aufgrund der bereits vorhandenen [Expertise von SGS Beta im Bereich der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/radiokohlenstoff-ams-datierung.html) war das Unternehmen gut aufgestellt, um umgehend zuverlässige [biobasierte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend.html)/[biogene Tests](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe.html) für verschiedene Branchen weltweit bereitzustellen.
## Verpflichtung zu Qualität und schneller Lieferung von Ergebnissen
Das Management von SGS Beta ist sich der Notwendigkeit bewusst, genaue und präzise Ergebnisse zu liefern, wobei den Anliegen der Forscher Rechnung getragen und die Ergebnisse innerhalb des versprochenen Zeitrahmens geliefert werden müssen.
Das in Miami, Florida, ansässige Labor verfügt über langjährige Qualitätssicherung-Programme. Das Unternehmen besitzt und betreibt mehrere hauseigene, maßgeschneiderte und hochmoderne Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometer (AMS), Isotopenverhältnis-Massenspektrometer (IRMS) und Cavity-Ring-Down-Spektroskopiesysteme (CRDS).
SGS Beta ist ein [nach ISO 17025 akkreditiertes Prüflabor](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). Diese Akkreditierung ist unvoreingenommen, wird von Dritten vergeben und weist nach, dass ein Labor über die erforderliche Kompetenz verfügt, um stets technisch gültige Testergebnisse zu liefern.
### **SGS übernimmt Beta**
Im November 2024 [trat Beta Analytic dem SGS-Netzwerk mit über 2.600 Niederlassungen und Laboren weltweit bei](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). Als Teil von SGS North America stärkte SGS Beta die Fähigkeit, Kunden in verschiedenen Branchen erstklassige Umweltprüflösungen anzubieten.
Durch diese Übernahme bietet das Labor weiterhin genaue und zuverlässige Tests des biobasierten/biogenen Anteils, Tests auf den natürlichen vs. synthetischen Ursprungs, sowie Radiokohlenstoff-Messungen von Kohlenwasserstoffen und Brenngasen.
### **Über SGS**
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en) ist das weltweit führende Prüf-, Inspektions- und Zertifizierungsunternehmen. Es gilt als weltweiter Maßstab für Qualität und Integrität. Die Mitarbeiter von SGS betreiben ein weltweites Netzwerk aus Niederlassungen und Laboren und arbeiten gemeinsam daran, eine bessere, sicherere und vernetztere Welt zu ermöglichen.
### **Kontaktieren Sie Uns**
Wenn Sie Fragen oder Anmerkungen haben, senden Sie uns bitte eine E-Mail an <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> oder rufen Sie uns an unter (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: März 2025
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### [SGS Beta - 고품질 탄소-14 실험실](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-management.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta는 1979년에 “Beta Analytic”이란 이름으로 설립된 이래로, 신속 결과보고 및 고객 대응으로 방사성탄소 연대측정 고객의 수요를 충족하기위해 노력하고 있습니다.
바이오기반/바이오제닉 함량은 현재의 탄소 대비 화석 탄소의 측정값이기 때문에 “방사성탄소 연대”를 “바이오기반/바이오제닉 함량” 측정값으로 변환하기 위해서는 단지 특별한 계산만 필요합니다. SGS Beta의 [방사성탄소 연대측정 전문 지식](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)은 이미 갖추고 있어, 전 세계의 다양한 산업에 믿을만한 [바이오기반](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased.html)/[바이오제닉실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels.html)를 즉시 제공할 수 있습니다.
## 품질 및 신속한 결과 제공에 대한 헌신
SGS Beta 연구소는 연구자의 관점에서 정확, 정밀한 결과 제공과 약속한 시간 내에 결과 보고의 필요성을 이해합니다.
플로리다 주 마이애미에 위치한 실험실은 오랜 기간 품질 보증 프로그램을 운영하고 있습니다. 다수의 자체 내부 맞춤형 최첨단 가속 질량 분석기(AMS), 동위원소 비율 질량 분석기(IRMS), 및 캐비티 링 다운 스펙트로스크피 시스템(CRDS)을 소유하고 운영합니다.
SGS Beta는 [ISO 17025 인증 실험 연구소](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)입니다. 이 인증은 공정하며 제3자에 의해 부여되며, 해당 실험실이 기술적 유효 실험 결과를 지속적으로 제공하는 데 필요한 능력을 갖추고 있음을 증명합니다.
### **SGS의 Beta 인수**
2024년 11월, [Beta Analytic은 전세계 2,600개 이상의 사무실과 실험실 네트워크를 가진 SGS에 가입했습니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). SGS North America의 일원으로서 SGS Beta는 다양한 산업 분야의 고객에게 최첨단 환경 테스트 솔루션을 제공하는 능력을 강화했습니다.
이 인수를 통해 실험실은 정확하고 신뢰할 수 있는 바이오기반/바이오제닉함량 실험, 자연유래 대비 화학합성 유래 실험, 탄화수소 및 연료가스의 방사성탄소 측정 서비스를 지속적으로 제공합니다.
### **SGS에 대해**
[SGS는](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS") 세계 최고의 실험, 검사 및 인증 회사입니다. 품질과 무결성에 대한 글로벌 벤치마크로 인정 받고 있습니다. SGS 직원들은 사무실과 실험실의 전 세계 네트워크를 운영하며, 더 나으며, 더 안전하고 상호 연결된 세계를 만들기 위해 협력합니다.
### **연락 바랍니다.**
질문이나 추가 설명이 필요하시면 <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> 또는 (+82) 2 2190 3725 으로 연락주시기 바랍니다.
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관련 자료: 2025년 3월
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### [SGS Beta - A High Quality Carbon-14 Testing Lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-management.html)
**Published:** August 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
SGS Beta was founded in 1979 as “Beta Analytic” with a commitment to meet the demand of radiocarbon dating clients with rapid delivery and responsiveness.
Since biobased/biogenic content is a measure of present-day carbon vs. fossil carbon, only a special calculation was required to turn a “radiocarbon date” into a “biobased/biogenic content” measurement. With SGS Beta’s [radiocarbon dating expertise](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html) already in place, it was well positioned to immediately provide reliable [biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)/[biogenic testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html) to various industries worldwide.
## Commitment to Quality and Rapid Results Delivery
SGS Beta’s management understands the need for delivery of accurate and precise results with both attention to the researchers’ concerns and delivery within a promised time frame.
Located in Miami, Florida, the laboratory has long-standing quality assurance programs in place. It owns and operates multiple in-house customized state-of-the-art accelerator mass spectrometers (AMS), isotope ratio mass spectrometers (IRMS), and cavity ring-down spectroscopy systems (CRDS).
SGS Beta is an [ISO 17025-accredited testing laboratory](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html). This accreditation is unbiased, third-party awarded and demonstrates that a lab has the competency necessary to consistently deliver technically valid test results.
### SGS Acquires Beta
In November 2024, [Beta Analytic joined SGS’s network of 2,600+ offices and labs worldwide](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/). As part of SGS North America, SGS Beta strengthened its ability to provide top-tier environmental testing solutions to clients in various industries.
Through this acquisition, the lab continues to provide accurate and reliable biobased/biogenic content testing, natural-sourced vs synthetic origin testing, and radiocarbon measurements of hydrocarbon and fuel gases.
### About SGS
[SGS](https://www.sgs.com/en "SGS") is the world’s leading testing, inspection and certification company. It is recognized as the global benchmark for quality and integrity. Operating a worldwide network of offices and laboratories, SGS employees work together to enable a better, safer and more interconnected world.
### Contact Us
If you have any questions or clarifications, please email us at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> or call (+1) 305-662-7760.
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Page last updated: March 2025
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### [Receba notícias](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/newsletter-subscription.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
O Beta Analytic envia dois ou três boletins por ano com informação atualizada sobre novos serviços, dicas de amostragem e outras notícias da indústria.
Ver exemplos: [Produtos biobaseados](https://www.scribd.com/document/671972405/Novos-Desenvolvimentos-Em-Bioplasticos-e-Embalagens-Biobaseadas-Beta-Analytic) \| [CO2 e combustíveis de resíduos](https://www.scribd.com/document/671978670/Novo-Documento-Orientativo-Alinha-Os-Requisitos-Do-SCE-Da-UE-e-Da-RED-II-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter) \| [Produtos naturais](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/carbono14-e-clae-para-verificar-alegaes-de-naturalidade-em-rotulagem-estudo-de-caso-de-crcuma-beta-analytic)
Eu aceito receber notícias sobre os seguintes assuntos, com a opção de cancelar a assinatura a qualquer momento:
Indústria de produtos biobaseadosCO2 e combustíveis de resíduosBiocombustíveisProdutos naturais (aromas, fragrâncias, suplementos, etc)
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**Os meus dados estão seguros?**
Valorizamos a sua privacidade. Nunca venderemos informações pessoais a terceiros. Para mais detalhes, por favor consulte a nossa [Política de Privacidade](https://betalabservices-1bfd8.kxcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/BetaAnalyticPrivacyPolicy5-21-18.pdf).
**Como posso cancelar a assinatura?**
Para cancelar a assinatura, clique o link no rodapé do boletim, ou envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> com o assunto UNSUBSCRIBE. Imediatamente retiraremos seu endereço de email da lista de assinantes.
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### [Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils – Ein Werkzeug zur Erkennung von Fälschungen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/lebensmittel.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Natürliche Produkte werden immer beliebter und so lange sich dieser Trend fortsetzt, ist ein zuverlässiges Werkzeug zur Erkennung von Fälschung unerlässlich. Produkte mit natürlichem Ursprung sind teurer, als ihre synthetischen Alternativen, folglich ist die Fälschung und betrügerische Verwendung von künstlichen Produkten ein Problem in der Industrie. Es ist für alle Akteure der gesamten Lieferkette, von Herstellern und Lieferanten bis zum Konsumenten, immer wichtiger geworden in der Lage zu sein verfälschte Produkte erkennen zu können.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils (Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse) ist ein Werkzeug zur Identifizierung von Fälschungen. Durch die Bestimmung der Menge an Kohlenstoff aus erneuerbaren Quellen, verglichen mit fossilen Quellen in einem Produkt, können biobasierte Angaben überprüft und synthetische Fälschungen identifiziert werden. Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils verwendet Kohlenstoff-14 Signaturen. Dies ist die genaueste Methode, um natürliche mit synthetischen Quellen in Produkten bestimmen zu können.
Curcumin
Curcumin wird als Geschmack- und Farbstoff in Lebensmitteln verwendet, insbesondere als Bestandteil von Kurkuma, aber auch zu therapeutischen Anwendungen. Der natürliche Ursprung von Curcumin ist die Kurkuma Pflanze. Da die synthetische Herstellung günstiger ist, wurden Fälle bekannt, in denen Curcumin als „natürlich“ deklariert, allerdings mit synthetischen Komponenten verfälscht wurde.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils bietet ein Verfahren, das solche Fälschungen erkennen und identifizieren kann, ob ein Produkt natürlich oder synthetisch ist oder ein natürliches Produkt mit synthetischen Anteilen verfälscht wurde.
Food Labeling
Die [U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) definiert den Begriff “natürlich” als frei von jeglichen künstlichen oder synthetischen Zusätzen (einschließlich aller Farbzusätze, unabhängig des Ursprungs) in Lebensmitteln. Die FDA betont, dass ihre Richtlinie weder auf Methoden der Nahrungsmittelproduktion ausgerichtet ist (z.B. die Verwendung von Pestiziden), noch genau auf die Lebensmittelverarbeitung oder Herstellungsverfahren eingeht (z.B. thermische Technologien, Pasteurisierung oder Bestrahlung). Die FDA berücksichtigte bei der Definition des Begriffs „natürlich“ ebenfalls nicht, ob ein Vorteil für die Ernährung oder ein anderer gesundheitlicher Nutzen vorliegt.
## Beta Analytic prüft schnell den Ursprung von natürlichen Produkten
Beta Analytic ist ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und bietet die Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse, um den Prozentsatz von natürlichen und synthetischen Anteilen in Lebensmitteln bestimmen zu können. Wir berichten Ergebnisse innerhalb von 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Unser Labor befindet sich in Miami, Florida, und wird berichten unsere Ergebnisse gemäß den internationalen Normen ASTM D6866 oder ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: Biobasierter Kohlenstoffanteil als Anteil des gesamten Kohlenstoffs oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs. Für Anfragen können Sie uns eine E-Mail an folgende Adresse schreiben: <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
**Weiterführende Literatur:**
[Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) Methode zur Bestimmung des Bio-basierten Anteils in Lebensmitteln](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/fcc.html)
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### [O método FCC para determinar a autenticidade de ingredientes de origem natural em alimentos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O Código de Produtos Químicos Alimentícios (FCC) é um compêndio internacionalmente reconhecido de padrões de qualidade, identidade e pureza para os ingredientes de alimentos, publicado pela Convenção Farmacêutica dos Estados Unidos (USP). Ele inclui especificações da fórmula química, estrutura e peso molecular do ingrediente, assim como sua função e definição, e informações relativas à sua embalagem, armazenamento e rotulagem.
Nos anexos de apêndices do FCC são apresentados análises e ensaios, juntamente com materiais relevantes de referência, para garantir a confiabilidade dos procedimentos analíticos especificados. Com essa informação, o FCC oferece um processo independente para que fornecedores e produtores da indústria concordem nos critérios de identidade, qualidade e pureza, assim concordando com a base para a determinação da autenticidade dos ingredientes alimentícios.
## O método FCC e o conteúdo de base biológica de alimentos
O método FCC para [determinar o conteúdo de base biológica em ingredientes alimentícios](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) utiliza registros de isótopos de carbono para distinguir entre fontes de carbono renovável (por exemplo, originárias de plantas ou animais) e fontes sintéticas (por exemplo, derivados de petróleo). O método de registro de isótopos de carbono é a maneira mais precisa para se determinar o conteúdo de base biológica. Esse método permite verificar as declarações de porcentagem de conteúdo de base biológica presentes nos rótulos dos alimentos.
O FCC sugere o método para o propano-1,3-diol, mas ele pode ser aplicado para todos os ingredientes de base carbônica. O princípio do método encontra-se nos isótopos de carbono: carbono-12, carbono-13 e carbono-14. Produtos de origem natural contêm quantidades conhecidas desse isótopos. Por isso, através da comparação das quantidades medidas com os padrões de referência, é possível determinar a autenticidade de um produto natural. O isótopo radioativo, carbono-14, é usado especificamente para distinguir os componentes naturais e sintéticos de um produto.
## Detecção de falsificações
O método FCC para a análise de conteúdo de base biológica é também uma ferramenta útil para a [detecção de falsificações.](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/deteccao-de-fraudes.html) Ele permite a detecção de fraudes e adulterações, comuns quando o extrato natural é consideravelmente mais caro do que o componente sintético.
A detecção de falsificações é especialmente pertinente para ingredientes novos e para ingredientes de crescente popularidade. Ocorrências de adulteração e fraude normalmente são observadas onde há uma alta demanda de um dado ingrediente cuja fonte natural tenha o fornecimento limitado.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica pode verificar quaisquer declarações de conteúdos naturais ao determinar a porcentagem do produto originária de fontes renováveis, em comparação a qualquer componente sintético.
## As análises de alta qualidade do Beta Analytic de conteúdo de base biológica
O laboratório Beta Analytic é acreditado pela norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e oferece análises de conteúdo de base biológica precisas, com resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Desde 1979, o laboratório é líder mundial em medições de carbono-14, e conta com múltiplos escritórios de encaminhamento em todo o mundo. Com sede em Miami, o Beta Analytic tem experiência incomparável com amostras de base biológica. O laboratório foi um dos principais desenvolvedores do primeiro padrão para a determinação de conteúdo de base biológica de produtos com o método de radiocarbono, e foi consultor técnico para todas as mais importantes iniciativas de padronização de conteúdo de base biológica do mundo, inclusive do ISO 16620-2. Para mais informações, envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
*Última atualização: Setembro 2016*
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### [O conteúdo de base biológica de sabores e aromas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/aromas.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Para muitos dos sabores e aromas disponíveis no mercado hoje, um fabricante de alimentos ou bebidas pode escolher entre variantes naturais ou sintéticas. Como o produto de origem natural normalmente apresenta um custo mais alto, o equivalente sintético acaba sendo empregado por muitas empresas.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica (análise por carbono-14) oferece um meio de distinguir entre estas duas fontes: natural ou sintética. Os aromas e sabores sintéticos são normalmente fabricados a partir de fontes minerais, como petróleo. Combustíveis fósseis, como o petróleo, foram formados há milhões de anos e são, portanto, esgotados de carbono-14. Em contraste, materiais de fontes naturais têm um teor de carbono-14 semelhante ao de plantas dos dias de hoje. Assim, ao medir o conteúdo de carbono-14 de sabores e aromas, é possível determinar se o material é de origem natural ou sintética, ou se um sabor ou aroma declarado como sendo 100% de origem natural foi adulterado.
## Natural e artificial – determinando a origem do produto
Baunilha
Fonte natural: grãos de baunilha (Vanilla planifolia)
Baunilha artificial: lignina vanilina (subproduto da indústria do papel), etil vanilina (derivado de alcatrão de carvão), bio-vanilina (derivado de fermentação microbiana)
A baunilha é muito utilizada na indústria de sabores e aromas. Devido à alta demanda e baixa oferta, tem o custo muito elevado. A maioria dos produtos utiliza baunilha sintética, sendo as formas mais comuns a lignina vanilina e o etil vanilina.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica é capaz de distinguir entre o extrato de grãos de baunilha e a baunilha originária de derivados de petróleo. A análise não determina se a baunilha é originária de grãos de baunilha ou de outros precursores botânicos. A análise de isótopos estáveis de carbono se faz necessária para identificar o material de origem mais especificamente.
Cafeína
Fontes naturais incluem: grãos de café, folhas de chá, sementes de guaraná
Fontes sintéticas incluem: síntese química de ureia
A cafeína é um gigante na indústria de alimentos e bebidas, seja no café, no chá, ou nos refrigerantes. Nos últimos anos, tem crescido a demanda por bebidas cafeinadas, como energéticos, bebidas esportivas e refrigerantes. Para bebidas que não sejam café ou chá, a cafeína produzida sinteticamente oferece uma fonte de baixo custo.
Através da análise de conteúdo de base biológica, é possível determinar se a cafeína provém de fonte natural ou petroquímica sintética. A análise de conteúdo de base biológica não é capaz de diferenciar entre as várias fontes naturais de cafeína.
Ácido acético
Fonte natural: fermentação de certas plantas e frutas
Fonte sintética: álcool sintético
O ácido acético tem uma variedade de usos. Em forma diluída, é utilizado como agente de limpeza (vinagre). Na indústria alimentícia, é empregado como regulador de acidez e condimento.
É possível usar a análise de conteúdo de base biológica para verificar se o ácido acético é adulterado ou fraudulento. A análise pode distinguir entre o ácido acético de fonte natural e o de fonte sintética, originário de matérias primas petroquímicas.
Ácido tartárico
Fonte natural: algumas frutas (comumente um subproduto da indústria vinícola)
Fonte sintética: anidrido maleico (ácido L-(+)-tartárico sintético)
O emprego de ácido tartárico se estende pela indústria alimentícia, desde vinhos e sucos até produtos assados. Tanto o ácido tartárico de origem natural quanto o de origem sintética são usados comercialmente. A análise de conteúdo de base biológica pode diferenciar entre os dois tipos, e verificar qual material é originário de fonte natural.
## Os serviços de análise de conteúdo de base biológica do Beta Analytic
O laboratório Beta Analytic oferece análises de conteúdo de base biológica rápidas e de alta qualidade para a indústria de sabores e aromas. Os resultados das análises de conteúdo de base biológica são entregues em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. O laboratório é acreditado pelo ISO 17025 e fornece relatórios de resultados de acordo com os padrões internacionais ISO 16620-2 (conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração de carbono total ou do carbono orgânico total) ou ASTM D6866. Para mais informações, envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
---
### [O conteúdo de base biológica de óleos essenciais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/oleos.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Óleos essenciais são essências concentradas de plantas, extraídas por destilação ou compressão. São amplamente utilizados por seu sabor, fragrância e até mesmo efeitos terapêuticos. Devido à ampla variedade de aplicações e à crescente tendência da preferência por produtos “naturais”, há uma grande demanda para óleos essenciais nas indústrias de farmacêuticos, cosméticos, alimentos e bebidas.
O custo da produção de óleos essenciais é elevado, e com sua crescente popularidade houve o surgimento de versões sintéticas mais acessíveis, muitas vezes denotadas óleos de fragrância. As versões sintéticas não possuem exatamente os mesmos componentes que os óleos de origem natural. Na produção dos óleos essenciais naturais, há ainda outros compostos em baixa concentração que também são extraídos. Por exemplo, ao sintetizar cinamaldeído, não são gerados os outros compostos encontrados na canela natural.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica (análise por carbono-14) determina se o óleo essencial é natural ou sintético. A análise de conteúdo de base biológica pode ser empregada por fornecedores e fabricantes para verificar se um óleo essencial foi adulterado com a alternativa sintética mais barata. Para se distinguir entre as diferentes fontes naturais, análises de isótopos estáveis ou outras análises químicas se fazem necessárias.
## Óleos essenciais naturais e sintéticos
Óleo de amêndoa amarga e benzaldeído sintético
O óleo de amêndoa amarga é amplamente utilizado como agente de sabor. Além da semente de amêndoa, o óleo de amêndoa amarga também pode ser extraído de frutas como pêssegos e damascos. Devido à oferta limitada e elevado custo da forma natural, o composto sintético é comumente usado em produtos alimentícios e bebidas.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica pode determinar se o óleo de amêndoa amarga originou de fontes naturais ou sintéticas, ou se é uma mistura de ambas. No entanto, a análise de conteúdo de base biológica não é capaz de distinguir entre as diferentes fontes naturais.
Óleo de canela e cinamaldeído sintético
O óleo de canela é usado na indústria de alimentos como agente de sabor e aroma, e como fungicida, por seus benefícios para a saúde. Há dois tipos de óleo de canela: o óleo da casca de canela, mais forte e de produção mais cara; e o óleo da folha de canela e de cássia, mais barato. Devido ao alto custo de produção, é o óleo de casca de canela que corre o maior risco de adulteração com uma alternativa mais barata.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica pode verificar se o óleo de canela é de origem natural ou se foi adulterado com cinamaldeído sintético.
Linalol natural de óleo essencial e linalol sintético
O linalol é um componente chave do óleo de coentro, que em sua forma natural é extraído das sementes da planta *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)*. O linalol é também um componente dos óleos de bergamota, lavanda, mentha citrata e jacarandá. O químico aromático é utilizado em aromas e sabores, conservantes, loções e remédios terapêuticos.
A análise de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica pode identificar o linalol de origem sintética, que é quimicamente igual ao linalol destilado do óleo de lavanda, mas não é botânico em sua origem. No entanto, a análise de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica não é capaz de distinguir a origem botânica específica do linalol natural, ou de identificar o linalol sintético fabricado a partir de beta-pineno, um subproduto da indústria papeleira.
Óleo essencial de tomilho e timol sintético
O óleo essencial de tomilho possui muitas propriedades medicinais. Ele contém timol, que confere ao óleo essencial suas propriedades antissépticas. O timol sintético é utilizado como antisséptico em desinfetantes bucais e em desinfetantes de uso geral, entre muitas outras aplicações.
A análise de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica é capaz de distinguir o óleo essencial de tomilho (quimiotipo timol) extraído de plantas, como as da família *Lamiaceae*, do timol sintético, que pode ser fabricado em laboratório com um alto grau de pureza (99.9+%) a partir de fontes petroquímicas, por um custo muito baixo.
A análise de produtos naturais com o método de Carbono-14 pode ser utilizada para averiguar se estes óleos essenciais contêm adulterantes derivados de petroquímicos.
| **Óleo Essencial (Essential Oil)** | **Adulterante Sintético (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| Óleo de amêndoa amarga (Bitter Almond Oil) | Benzaldeído (Benzaldehyde) |
| Óleo de cássia (Cassia Oil) | Cinamaldeído, cumarina (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| Óleo de casca de canela (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | Cinamaldeído (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| Óleo de capim-limão (Lemongrass Oil) | Citral |
| Óleo de litsea cubeba (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| Óleo de cominho (Cumin Fruit Oil) | Cuminaldeído (Cuminaldehyde) |
| Óleo de manjericão (Basil Oils) | Linalol (Linalool) |
| Óleo de bergamota (Bergamot Oil) |
| Óleo de coentro (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| Óleo de hortelã levante (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| Óleo de noz moscada (Nutmeg Oil) |
| Óleo de alecrim (Rosemary Oil) |
| Óleo de pau-rosa (Rosewood Oil) |
| Óleo de hortelã pimenta (Peppermint Oil) | Mentol, óleo mineral (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| Óleo de gaultéria (Wintergreen Oil) | Salicilato de metila (Methyl Salicylate) |
| Óleo de orégano (Origanum Oil) | Timol (Thymol) |
| Óleo de tomilho (Thyme Oil) |
## Os serviços de análise de conteúdo de base biológica do Beta Analytic
O laboratório Beta Analytic é acreditado pela norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e oferece análises de conteúdo de base biológica rápidas e de alta qualidade. Os resultados são entregues em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. O laboratório é sediado em Miami e fornece relatórios de resultados de acordo com os padrões ISO 16620-2 (conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração do carbono total ou do carbono orgânico total) ou ASTM D6866. Para mais informações, envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
---
### [Metodo del FCC per determinare l’autenticità degli ingredienti alimentari naturali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il Food Chemical Codex (FCC) è un compendio, internazionalmente riconosciuto, degli standard di qualità, identità e purezza degli ingredienti alimentari, pubblicato dalla US Pharmaceutical Convention (USP). Include le specifiche relative alla formula chimica, alla struttura e al peso molecolare degli ingredienti, nonché alla loro funzione e definizione e alle informazioni sull’imballaggio, sulla conservazione e sull’etichettatura.
Nelle appendici del FCC sono illustrati i corrispondenti metodi di analisi insieme ai relativi materiali di riferimento, utilizzati per assicurare l’affidabilità delle procedure analitiche elencate. Tramite queste informazioni, il FCC permette a fornitori e produttori di avere criteri comuni e indipendenti per l’identità, la qualità e la purezza, ovvero le basi per la determinazione dell’autenticità degli ingredienti alimentari.
## Metodo del FCC per l’analisi del contenuto naturale degli alimenti
Il metodo del FCC per la [determinazione del contenuto naturale degli ingredienti alimentari](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) utilizza le firme isotopiche del carbonio per distinguere tra carbonio derivato da fonti rinnovabili (es. piante o animali) e fonti sintetiche (derivate dal petrolio). Il metodo della firma isotopica del carbonio è il sistema più accurato per determinare il contenuto naturale. Questo metodo permette di verificare le dichiarazioni relative alla percentuale naturale degli alimenti riportate in etichetta.
Il metodo è suggerito, nel FCC, per l’analisi del 1,2-propandiolo, ma può essere applicato a tutti gli ingredienti a base di carbonio. L’analisi degli isotopi del carbonio, cioè carbonio-12, carbonio-13 e carbonio-14, costituisce la base di questo metodo. Poiché i prodotti derivati da fonti naturali contengono quantità conosciute di questi isotopi, comparando i valori misurati con quelli degli standard di riferimento è possibile determinare l’autenticità di un prodotto. In particolare, l’isotopo radioattivo carbonio-14 viene sfruttato per distinguere i componenti naturali da quelli sintetici.
## Individuazione dei prodotti contraffatti
Il metodo del FCC per l’analisi del contenuto naturale è inoltre uno strumento utile nell’individuazione dei prodotti contraffatti. Permette l’individuazione delle [frodi e dei prodotti adulterati](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/rilevazione-contraffazione.html), piuttosto comuni nei casi in cui l’estratto naturale è molto più costoso del composto sintetico.
L’individuazione delle contraffazioni è particolarmente importante sia per i nuovi ingredienti sia per quelli la cui popolarità è in crescita. I casi di adulterazione e frode sono maggiormente comuni quando la domanda di un ingrediente scarsamente disponibile è molto forte.
L’analisi del contenuto naturale permette di verificare qualsiasi dichiarazione relativa alla naturalezza del prodotto, attraverso la determinazione della percentuale del prodotto che deriva da fonti rinnovabili.
## Beta Analytic effettua analisi del contenuto biobased di alta qualità
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e fornisce analisi accurate del contenuto naturale in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. Dal 1979, il laboratorio è il leader mondiale nel campo delle misurazioni al carbonio-14 e ha diversi uffici di spedizione in tutto il mondo. Beta Analytic, che ha sede a Miami, ha un’esperienza senza pari nell’analisi dei campioni naturali. Il laboratorio è stato uno degli sviluppatori del primo standard per la determinazione del contenuto naturale dei prodotti attraverso il metodo del radiocarbonio ed è stato consulente tecnico per tutte le maggiori iniziative di standardizzazione per l’industria biobased, inclusa la stesura dello standard ISO 16620-2. Per informazioni, inviare un’email all’indirizzo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
*Last Updated September 2016*
---
### [La méthode FCC pour déterminer l’authenticité des ingrédients alimentaires d’origine naturelle](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/fcc.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Le Codex des produits chimiques alimentaires (Food Chemicals Codex – FCC) est un répertoire internationalement reconnu de normes de qualité, d’identité et de pureté pour les ingrédients alimentaires publié par la Convention pharmaceutique des Etats-Unis (US Pharmaceutical Convention – USP). Il inclut les spécifications des formules chimiques des ingrédients, leur structure, leur poids moléculaire ainsi que leur fonction, définition et des informations sur leur emballage, étiquetage et stockage.
Dans les annexes accompagnant le FCC, les analyses et essais correspondants sont présentés ainsi que le matériel de référence approprié pour assurer la fiabilité des procédures analytiques spécifiques. Avec ces informations, le FCC propose aux fournisseurs et producteurs de l’industrie un processus indépendant permettant de s’accorder sur les critères d’identité, de qualité et de pureté, et donne également les bases pour déterminer l’authenticité des ingrédients alimentaires.
## La méthode FCC pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée des aliments
La méthode FCC pour [déterminer la teneur biosourcée des ingrédients alimentaires](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) utilise les signatures isotopiques du carbone pour faire la différence entre les sources de carbone renouvelable (c’est-à-dire d’origine animale ou végétale) et les sources synthétiques (c’est-à-dire dérivées du pétrole). La méthode de la signature isotopique du carbone est le moyen le plus précis de déterminer la teneur biosourcée. Cette méthode permet de vérifier les pourcentages de teneur biosourcée indiqués sur les étiquetages alimentaires.
Le FCC suggère la méthode pour le 1,3-propanediol, mais elle est applicable à tous les ingrédients à base de carbone. La base de la méthode réside dans les isotopes de carbone – carbone-12, carbone-13 et carbone-14. Les produits d’origine naturelle ont une quantité connue de ces isotopes, ce qui permet de déterminer l’authenticité d’une produit naturel en comparant les quantités mesurées à des standards de référence. L’isotope radioactif, le carbone-14, est utilisé en particulier pour distinguer les composants naturels par rapport aux composants synthétiques d’un produit.
## La détection de contrefaçons
La méthode FCC pour l’analyse de la teneur biosourcée est également un outil utile pour la détection de contrefaçons. Elle permet de [détecter les fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/detection-des-fraudes.html) et les falsifications, communément observées lorsque l’extrait naturel est significativement plus cher que le composé synthétique.
La détection de contrefaçon est particulièrement pertinente pour les nouveaux ingrédients et ceux qui gagnent en popularité. Les cas de falsification et de fraude sont plus souvent observés en cas de très forte demande pour un ingrédient dont la source naturelle est limitée.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée – aussi appelée analyse de naturalité – permet de vérifier n’importe quelle revendication “naturelle” en déterminant le pourcentage de produit qui vient d’une source renouvelable par rapport à n’importe quel composé synthétique.
## Analyses de teneur biosourcée de haute qualité proposées par Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 propose des analyses de la teneur biosourcée en 5-7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Depuis 1979, le laboratoire est le leader mondial dans les mesures de carbone-14 avec plusieurs bureaux d’envoi dans le monde. Basé à Miami, Beta Analytic a une expertise inégalée avec les échantillons biosourcés. Le laboratoire a été l’un des développeurs clé de la première norme pour la détermination de la teneur biosourcée des produits en utilisant la méthode du radiocarbone, et a été un conseiller technique pour toute les initiatives de normalisation de la teneur biosourcée dans le monde, dont la norme ISO 16620-2. Pour toute demande, veuillez nous contacter à l’adresse <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
*Dernière mise à jour en septembre 2016*
---
### [Iscrizione agli aggiornamenti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/iscrizione-newsletter.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic invia 2-3 newsletter all’anno con aggiornamenti sui nuovi servizi, consigli sul campionamento e altre novità sul settore.
Vedi esempi: [Biobased](https://www.scribd.com/document/671971966/Come-richiedere-la-certificazione-USDA-BioPreferred-Beta-Analytic) \| [CO2 e combustibili da rifiuti](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/come-preparare-i-campioni-per-lanalisi-del-carbonio-rinnovabile-beta-analytic-newsletter) \| [Prodotti naturali](https://www.scribd.com/document/671976567/Come-Preparare-i-Campioni-Per-l-Analisi-Delle-Fonti-Naturali-Beta-Analytic)
Accetto di ricevere aggiornamenti, con la possibilità di cancellare l'iscrizione in qualsiasi momento, su questi argomenti:
Industria biobasedCO2 e combustibili da rifiutiBiocombustibiliProdotti naturali (ad es. aromi, fragranze, integratori)
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**Come cancello l’iscrizione?**
Per cancellare la tua iscrizione, fai clic sul link in fondo all’email che hai ricevuto. In alternativa, invia un’email a <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> con UNSUBSCRIBE come oggetto dell’email. Rimuoveremo il tuo indirizzo dalla nostra mailing list immediatamente.
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### [Inscrivez-vous pour recevoir nos newsletters](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/newsletter-souscription.html)
**Published:** January 24, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic envoie 2 à 3 newsletters par an pour communiquer sur les nouveaux services, fournir des conseils d’échantillonnage et partager des nouvelles de l’industrie.
Voir un exemple : [Biosourcé](https://www.scribd.com/document/671972121/Nouveaux-Developpements-Sur-Les-Bioplastiques-Et-Les-Emballages-Biosources-Beta-Analytic) \| [CO2 et combustibles résiduaires](https://www.scribd.com/document/671978976/Un-Nouveau-Document-d-Orientation-Aligne-Les-Exigences-UE-SCEQE-Et-RED-II-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter) \| [Produits naturels](https://www.scribd.com/document/671976709/Comment-Preparer-Des-Echantillons-Pour-l-Analyse-de-l-Origine-Naturelle-vs-Synthetique-Beta-Analytic)
J'accepte de recevoir des newsletters sur les sujets suivants avec la possibilité de me désinscrire à tout moment :
Industrie biosourcéeCO2 et combustibles résiduairesBiocarburantsProduits naturels (par ex. arômes et compléments alimentaires)
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### [Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel (HDRD) is produced by refining fats or vegetable oils in a hydrotreating process. It also also known as “green diesel”, and is either used by itself or blended with petroleum diesel.
It uses the same feedstock as biodiesel – however where biodiesel is made up of mono-alkyl esters from long chain fatty acids, HDRD is similar in composition to petroleum diesel, being predominantly composed of saturated straight chain (C12-C18) hydrocarbons.
## Future Prospects of HDRD
The prospects of HDRD are promising as research and development continues, as it has several advantages in the biofuel market. One of the key benefits is that it can be produced with the existing refining technology. Its similarity to petroleum diesel also means that there are no compatibility issues with existing infrastructure and vehicles.
Additionally, HDRD has shown higher combustion quality, which can provide an improved performance and longer vehicle life span. It also has environmental advantages to other fuels, including its ultra-low sulfur content and when burned it only releases the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide that was captured by the renewable feedstock used, for example canola.
## Beta Analytic HDRD Testing
Biobased content testing determines the biomass-derived fraction of pure or blended HDRD by measuring the Carbon-14 content of the sample. Biomass-derived materials contain a known amount of Carbon-14, whereas petroleum based materials do not contain any. The [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") standard specifies the measurement of biobased carbon as a fraction of total carbon content using Carbon-14.
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides biobased content testing for biofuels according the the analytical standard ASTM D6866. The Miami-based laboratory provides results within 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For inquiries, contact Beta Analytic at <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> or call a [local forwarding office](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "Beta local forwarding office").
---
### [Für Updates anmelden](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/newsletter-abo.html)
**Published:** January 21, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic versendet jährlich 2-3 Newsletter mit Updates zu neuen Dienstleistungen, Probenberatung und anderen Branchennachrichten.
Beispiele anzeigen: [Biobasiert](https://www.scribd.com/document/671971849/Beta-Analytic-Gesamtkohlenstoff-Im-Vergleich-Zum-Gesamten-Organischen-Kohlenstoff) \| [CO2 und Abfallbrennstoffe](https://www.scribd.com/document/671978534/Neues-Leitfaden-Dokument-Gleicht-Die-EU-ETS-Und-RED-II-Anforderungen-an-Beta-Analytic-Newsletter) \| [Natürliche Produkte](https://www.slideshare.net/BetaAnalyticInc/beta-analytic-vorbereitung-von-proben-fr-die-prfung-der-natrlichen-vs-synthetischen-quelle)
Ich bin damit einverstanden, Updates zu diesen Themen zu erhalten, mit der Möglichkeit, sich jederzeit abzumelden:
Biobasierte IndustrieCO2 und AbfallbrennstoffeBiokraftstoffeNatürliche Produkte (z.B. F&F, Nahrungsergänzungsmittel)
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### [FCC Methode zur Bestimmung der Echtheit von Nahrungsmittelbestandteilen natürlichen Ursprungs](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Der Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) ist ein internationales Kompendium für Qualität und wurde von der US Pharmaceutical Convention (USP) veröffentlicht, um die Standards zur Echtheit und Reinheit festzulegen. Es enthält Spezifikationen über die chemische Formel von Bestandteilen, u.a. Struktur, Molekulargewicht, Funktion, Definitionen und Informationen über die Verpackung, Lagerung und Etikettierung.
In den beigefügten Anhängen des FCCs, werden entsprechende Prüfungen und Tests beschrieben, zusammen mit entsprechendem Referenzmaterial, um die Zuverlässigkeit der spezifischen Analyseverfahren gewährleisten zu können. Mit Hilfe dieser Informationen liefert der FCC einen unabhängigen Prozess für Lieferanten und Produzenten der Industrie, um sich auf die gleichen Kriterien für Echtheit, Qualität und Reinheit zu einigen und damit auch die Basis zur Bestimmung der Echtheit von Nahrungsmittelbestandteilen.
## FCC Methode zur Bestimmung des Bio-basierten Anteils in Lebensmitteln
Die FCC Methode zur [Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils von Nahrungsmittelbestandteilen](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) verwendet Kohlenstoff-Signaturen, um zwischen erneuerbaren Kohlenstoffquellen (z.B. basierend auf Pflanzen oder Tieren) und synthetischen Quellen (z.B. basierend auf Erdöl) zu unterscheiden. Die Kohlenstoff-Signatur-Methode ist die genaueste Methode zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils. Diese Methode ermöglicht die Verifizierung der biobasierten Claims auf Lebensmittel-Etiketten.
Das FCC empfiehlt die Methode für 1,3-Propandiol, sie ist allerdings auf alle kohlenstoff-basierende Bestandteile anwendbar. Die Grundlage des Verfahrens liefern die Isotope von Kohlenstoff – Kohlenstoff-12, Kohlenstoff-13 und Kohlenstoff-14. Natürlich gewonnene Produkte weisen bekannte Mengen dieser Isotope auf, sodass man die gemessenen Mengen mit einem Referenzstandard vergleichen und somit die Echtheit eines natürlichen Produkts bestimmen kann. Das radioaktive Kohlenstoff-14 Isotop wird vor allem dazu verwendet, um zwischen natürlichen und synthetischen Komponenten unterscheiden zu können.
## Erkennung von Fälschungen
Die FCC Methode zur Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils ist ebenfalls ein nützliches Werkzeug, um Fälschungen erkennen zu können. Sie erlaubt die [Aufdeckung von Betrug](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/betrug-aufdecken.html) und Verfälschungen, die oft auftreten, wenn das natürliche Extrakt sehr viel teurer ist, als das synthetische Gegenstück.
Die Erkennung von Fälschungen ist besonders relevant für neue Zutaten, aber auch für Zutaten, die immer beliebter werden. Betrug und Fälschungen treten meistens dann auf, wenn eine große Nachfrage nach einer Zutat existiert, ihr natürlicher Ursprung allerdings limitiert ist.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils kann alle “natürlichen” Claims durch die Bestimmung der Prozentanteile von erneuerbaren und synthetischen Quellen in einem Produkt verifizieren.
## Beta Analytic hoch-qualitative Prüfung des Bio-basierten Anteils
Beta Analytic ist ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und liefert präzise Prüfungen des biobasierten Anteils binnen 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Seit 1979 ist unser Labor weltweiter Marktführer für Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen. Wir verfügen über zahlreiche Weiterleitungseinrichtungen auf der ganzen Welt. Unser Labor befindet sich in Miami und verfügt über eine einmalige Expertise im Umgang mit biobasierten Proben. Unser Labor war einer der entscheidenden Mitentwickler des ersten Standards zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils von Produkten mittels der Radiokohlenstoff-Methode. Wir standen den weltweit wichtigsten Standardisierungsinitiativen als technischer Berater zur Seite, inklusive [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html). Anfragen können Sie an folgende E-Mail Adresse senden: <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
*Zuletzt aktualisiert September 2016*
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### [Erneuerbarer Diesel auf HVO-Basis](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/erneuerbarer-diesel-hdrd.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Erneuerbarer Diesel auf HVO-Basis (Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel oder HDRD) wird produziert, indem man Fette oder Pflanzenöl mittels Wasserstoffbehandlung (Hydrotreating) raffiniert. Man spricht in diesem Zusammenhang auch von “grünem Diesel”; man verwendet ihn als eigenständigen Kraftstoff oder als Gemisch mit Mineralöldiesel.
Als Ausgangsmaterial wird das gleiche Material wie bei Biodiesel verwendet. Wobei Biodiesel aus Monoalkylestern aus langkettigen Fettsäuren besteht, die Zusammensetzung von HDRD ähnelt der von Petroleum-Diesel, d.h. er besteht überwiegend aus gesättigten, geradkettigen (C12-C18) -Kohlenwasserstoffen.
## Zukunftsperspektiven von HDRD
Die Perspektiven von HDRD sind vielversprechend, da die Forschung und Entwicklung weiter voranschreitet und aufgrund von verschiedenen Vorteilen auf dem Biokraftstoff-Markt. Einer der Hauptvorteile ist, dass der Kraftstoff mittels bestehender Raffinerietechnik hergestellt werden kann. Die Ähnlichkeit mit Petroleum-Diesel hat ebenfalls zur Folge, dass es keine Kompatibilitätsprobleme mit bestehenden Infrastrukturen und Fahrzeugen gibt.
Darüber hinaus weist HDRD eine höhere Verbrennungsqualität auf, was in einer verbesserten Leistung und längeren Lebensdauer des Fahrzeugs resultieren kann. Umweltvorteile gegenüber anderen Brennstoffen schließen den extrem niedrigen Schwefelgehalt ein, denn bei der Verbrennung wird nur die äquivalente Menge an Kohlendioxid freigesetzt, die von dem verwendeten erneuerbaren Ausgangsmaterial, z.B. Raps, aufgenommen wurde.
## Beta Analytic HDRD Prüfung
Die Analyse des biobasierten Inhalts bestimmt die aus Biomasse stammende Fraktion in reinem oder gemischtem HDRD mittels Messung des Kohlenstoff-14 Gehalts in der Probe. Aus Biomasse hergestellte Materialien enthalten eine bekannte Menge an Kohlenstoff-14, während der Radiokohlenstoff in Materialien, die auf Petroleum basieren, bereits zerfallen ist. Die Norm [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") legt die Messung von biobasiertem Kohlenstoff als Fraktion des Gesamtkohlenstoffgehalts unter Verwendung von Kohlenstoff-14 fest.
Das ISO / IEC 17025: 2017-akkreditierte Beta Analytic Labor bietet Analysen des biobasierten Inhalts für Biokraftstoffe nach der analytischen Norm ASTM D6866. Das in Miami ansässige Labor liefert Ergebnisse innerhalb von 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Bei Anfragen wenden Sie sich bitte an Beta Analytic <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> oder rufen Sie unser [Service-Team vor Ort](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Beta Service-Team vor Ort") an.
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### [El método FCC para determinar la autenticidad de ingredientes alimentarios derivados de fuentes naturales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/fcc.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El Códice de Sustancias Químicas para Alimentos (Food Chemicals Codex, FCC) es un compendio internacionalmente reconocido de estándares de calidad, identidad y pureza para ingredientes alimentarios, publicado por la Convención Farmacéutica de los Estados Unidos (US Pharmaceutical Convention, USP). El FCC incluye especificaciones de la fórmula química, estructura y peso molecular de los ingredientes, así como su función, definición e información sobre embalaje, almacenamiento y etiquetado.
En los apéndices anexos del FCC se delinean los análisis y ensayos correspondientes, junto con material de referencia relevante a fin de asegurar la confiabilidad de los procedimientos analíticos especificados. Con esta información, el FCC proporciona un proceso independiente para que proveedores y productores en la industria acuerden los criterios de identidad, calidad y pureza, y, por lo tanto, las bases para determinar la autenticidad de los ingredientes alimentarios.
## El método FCC para analizar el contenido de origen biológico de los alimentos
El método FCC para[ determinar el contenido de origen biológico de los ingredientes alimentarios](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) utiliza registros de los isótopos de carbono para distinguir entre las fuentes de carbono renovable (por ejemplo, provenientes de plantas o animales) y las fuentes sintéticas (por ejemplo, derivados del petróleo). El método de registro de los isótopos de carbono es la manera más precisa de determinar el contenido de origen biológico. Este método permite verificar las declaraciones sobre porcentaje de origen biológico en las etiquetas de alimentos.
El FCC sugiere el método para el 1,3-propanodiol, pero es aplicable a todos los ingredientes basados en carbono. La base del método radica en los isótopos de carbono – carbono 12, carbono 13 y carbono 14. Los productos derivados de fuentes naturales tendrán cantidades conocidas de estos isótopos, por lo que al comparar las cantidades medidas con los estándares de referencia se puede determinar la autenticidad de un producto natural.
## Detección de falsificaciones
El método FCC para análisis de contenido de origen biológico también es una herramienta útil en la detección de falsificaciones. El método permite la [detección de fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/deteccion-de-fraudes.html) y adulteraciones, comúnmente encontrados cuando el extracto natural es significativamente más costoso que el compuesto sintético.
La detección de falsificaciones es particularmente importante tanto para nuevos ingredientes como para aquellos que son cada vez más populares. Ejemplos de adulteración y fraude se presentan con mayor frecuencia cuando hay una muy alta demanda con una limitada disponibilidad de la fuente natural.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico puede verificar cualquier afirmación sobre contenido “natural” por medio de la determinación del porcentaje del producto que proviene de fuentes renovables en comparación con otros componentes sintéticos.
## El análisis de contenido de origen biológico de alta calidad de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, acreditado por el estándar ISO/IEC 17025:2017, proporciona análisis precisos del contenido de origen biológico en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Desde 1979, el laboratorio ha sido líder mundial en mediciones de carbono 14 y cuenta con múltiples oficinas de reenvío en todo el mundo. Ubicado en Miami, Beta Analytic tiene una experiencia técnica incomparable en el análisis de muestras de origen biológico. El laboratorio fue uno de los desarrolladores clave del primer estándar para determinar el contenido de origen biológico de productos utilizando el método de radiocarbono, y ha sido asesor técnico en las principales iniciativas de estandarización del contenido de origen biológico a nivel mundial, incluyendo la norma ISO 16620-2. Para consultas, escríbanos al correo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
*Última actualización: Septiembre de 2016*
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### [El contenido de origen biológico de sabores y aromas](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/aromas.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Para muchos de los sabores y aromas disponibles en el mercado, un productor de alimentos y bebidas tiene la opción de elegir entre variantes naturales y sintéticas. Siendo el producto obtenido de una fuente natural frecuentemente más costoso, la contraparte sintética es utilizada por muchas compañías.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico (análisis de carbono 14) es una herramienta para distinguir entre estas dos fuentes: natural o sintética. Los aromas y sabores sintéticos usualmente se elaboran a partir de fuentes minerales como el petróleo. Los combustibles fósiles como el petróleo se formaron hace millones de años y por lo tanto no contienen carbono 14. En contraste, los materiales obtenidos de fuentes naturales tendrán un contenido de carbono 14 similar al de las plantas de nuestros días. Por lo tanto, al medir el contenido de carbono 14 de sabores y aromas, se puede determinar si el material proviene de fuentes naturales o sintéticas, o si un sabor o aroma etiquetado como 100% de origen natural ha sido adulterado.
## Natural y artificial – Determinando la fuente del producto
Vainilla
Fuente natural: Granos de vainilla (Vanilla planifolia)
Vainilla artificial: Vainillina de lignina (subproducto de la industria papelera), vainillina de etilo (derivado del alquitrán de hulla), biovainillina (derivado de la fermentación microbiana)
La vainilla es muy popular en la industria de sabores y aromas. Debido a la alta demanda y bajo suministro, es muy costosa. La mayoría de los productos usan vainilla sintética, cuyas formas más comunes son vainillina de lignina y vainillina de etilo.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico puede distinguir los extractos de granos de vainilla de la vainillina obtenida de derivados del petróleo. La prueba no puede determinar si la vainilla proviene de granos de vainilla o de otros precursores botánicos. El análisis de los isótopos estables de carbono es necesario para identificar el material de origen.
Cafeína
Fuentes naturales: Granos de café, hojas de té y bayas de guaraná.
Fuentes sintéticas: Obtenidas de la síntesis química de la urea.
La cafeína es un gigante en la industria de alimentos y bebidas, ya sea en forma de café, té o refresco. En años recientes ha habido una demanda cada vez mayor de bebidas con cafeína como las bebidas energéticas, bebidas deportivas y refrescos. En las bebidas de té o distintas al café, la cafeína producida sintéticamente es una fuente barata.
Por medio del análisis de contenido de origen biológico se puede determinar si la cafeína se deriva de una fuente natural o de una fuente petroquímica sintética. El análisis de contenido de base biológica no puede distinguir las diversas fuentes naturales de la cafeína.
Ácido acético
Fuente natural: Fermentación de ciertas plantas y frutas
Fuente sintética: Obtenida del alcohol sintético
El ácido acético tiene una variedad de usos. En su forma diluida, se utiliza como agente limpiador (vinagre). En la industria de alimentos, se utiliza como regulador de la acidez y como condimento.
Para verificar si el ácido acético ha sido adulterado o es fraudulento se puede recurrir al análisis de contenido de origen biológico. El análisis puede distinguir entre el ácido acético obtenido de fuentes naturales y aquél derivado sintéticamente de petroquímicos.
Ácido tartárico
Fuente natural: Algunas frutas (comúnmente como un subproducto de la industria de producción de vinos)
Fuente sintética: Obtenida del anhídrido maleico (ácido L(+) tartárico sintético)
El uso del ácido tartárico es común en la industria de alimentos, desde la producción de vinos y jugos hasta la repostería. Tanto las fuentes naturales como las fuentes sintéticas del ácido tartárico son usadas comercialmente. El análisis del contenido de origen biológico puede distinguir entre los dos tipos y verificar qué material fue obtenido a partir de fuentes naturales.
## Los servicios de análisis de contenido de origen biológico de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, con sede en Miami, proporciona análisis rápidos y de alta calidad de contenido de origen biológico para la industria de aromas y sabores. Los resultados del análisis de contenido de origen biológico se entregan en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. El laboratorio, acreditado por la norma ISO 17025, comunica los resultados conforme a las normas internacionales ISO 16620-2 (contenido de carbono de origen biológico como fracción del carbono total o del carbono orgánico total) o ASTM D6866. Para consultas, escríbanos al correo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Diesel rinnovabile derivato da idrogenazione (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/diesel-rinnovabile-hdrd.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il diesel rinnovabile derivato da idrogenazione (HDRD) viene prodotto attraverso un processo di raffinazione di grassi e oli vegetali per idrotrattamento. È conosciuto anche come “diesel verde” e può essere utilizzato puro o miscelato con diesel di petrolio.
Viene prodotto a partire dalle stesse materie prime del biodiesel, ma mentre il biodiesel è composto da esteri monoalchilici di acidi grassi a catena lunga, la composizione dell’HDRD è simile a quella del diesel di petrolio, poiché è formato da idrocarburi saturi a catena lineare (C12-C18).
## Prospettive future per l’HDRD
Grazie ai vantaggi che presenta sul mercato dei biocombustibili, ci sono prospettive interessanti per la ricerca e lo sviluppo sull’HDRD. La possibilità di produrlo attraverso l’attuale tecnologia di raffinazione ne rappresenta uno dei principali vantaggi. La sua somiglianza col diesel di petrolio comporta anche l’assenza di problemi di compatibilità con le infrastrutture e i veicoli esistenti.
L’HDRD ha inoltre dimostrato una qualità di combustione superiore, che può comportare un miglioramento nelle prestazioni e una maggiore durata del veicolo. Rispetto ad altri combustibili, possiede inoltre alcuni vantaggi dal punto di vista ecologico, tra cui un contenuto di zolfo estremamente basso e il rilascio, durante la combustione, della stessa quantità di biossido di carbonio assorbita dalla materia prima rinnovabile, ad esempio la colza.
## Analisi dell’HDRD di Beta Analytic
L’analisi del contenuto biobased determina la frazione derivata da biomassa dell’HDRD puro o in miscela attraverso la misurazione del carbonio-14 presente nel campione. I materiali derivati da biomassa contengono una quantità nota di carbonio-14, mentre i materiali derivati dal petrolio non ne contengono. Lo standard [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") definisce le procedure per la misurazione del carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale attraverso il metodo del carbonio-14.
Il laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Beta Analytic effettua l’analisi del contenuto biobased sui biocombustibili secondo lo standard analitico ASTM D6866. Il laboratorio, che ha sede a Miami, consegna i risultati entro 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. Per informazioni, contattare Beta Analytic all’indirizzo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> oppure chiamare [l’ufficio spedizioni locale](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Beta ufficio spedizioni locale").
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### [Diesel renovável derivado de hidrogenação (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/diesel-renovavel-hdrd.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O diesel renovável derivado de hidrogenação (HDRD) é produzido através da refinação de gorduras ou óleos vegetais em um processo de hidrotratamento. É também conhecido como um “diesel verde”, e é utilizado tanto em seu estado puro quanto em misturas com diesel de petróleo.
Ele emprega a mesma matéria-prima que o biodiesel – no entanto, enquanto o biodiesel é composto de ésteres monoalquílicos de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa, a composição do HDRD é similar à do diesel de petróleo, sendo predominantemente composto de hidrocarbonos (C12-C18).
## Perspectivas futuras para o HDRD
A ver pelo progresso de pesquisas e desenvolvimento, as perspectivas para o HDRD são promissoras, e ele apresenta diversas vantagens para o mercado de biocombustíveis. Um dos principais benefícios é que ele pode ser produzido com a tecnologia já existente de refinação. Sua semelhança com o diesel de petróleo também significa que ele não apresenta problemas de compatibilidade com as infraestruturas e veículos já existentes.
Além disso, o HDRD demonstra uma melhor qualidade de combustão, o que proporciona melhor desempenho e um aumento na vida útil de veículos. Também apresenta vantagens ambientais em comparação a outros biocombustíveis, inclusive um teor extremamente baixo de enxofre e, durante a queima, apenas libera a quantidade de dióxido de carbono equivalente à quantidade capturada pela matéria-prima renovável utilizada, por exemplo, canola.
## Análise de HDRD do Beta Analytic
A análise de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica determina a fração derivada de biomassa de HDRD puro ou misturado ao medir o teor de carbono-14 da amostra. Materiais derivados de biomassa contêm um teor conhecido de carbono-14, enquanto materiais derivados de petróleo não contêm teor algum. O padrão [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") especifica a medição do teor de carbono de base biológica como fração do carbono total utilizando o carbono-14.
O laboratório Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e oferece análises de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica em biocombustíveis segundo o método analítico ASTM D6866. O laboratório é situado em Miami e entrega resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Para consultas, entre em contato com o Beta Analytic através de <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>, ou telefone para o [escritório de encaminhamento mais próximo](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Beta escritório de encaminhamento mais próximo").
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### [Diésel renovable derivado de hidrogenación (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/diesel-renovable.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El diésel renovable derivado de hidrogenación (HDRD por sus siglas en inglés) se produce mediante la refinación de grasas o aceites vegetales en un proceso de hidrotratamiento. También se le conoce como “diésel verde” y se utiliza por sí solo o mezclado con diésel de petróleo.
El HDRD utiliza la misma materia prima que el biodiesel. Sin embargo, mientras que el biodiesel se compone de ésteres monoalquílicos derivados de ácidos grasos de cadena larga, el HDRD tiene una composición similar al diésel de petróleo, al contener principalmente hidrocarburos saturados de cadena lineal (C12-C18).
## Perspectivas a futuro del HDRD
Las perspectivas a futuro del HDRD son prometedoras a medida que continúa su investigación y desarrollo, ya que ofrece varias ventajas en el mercado de biocombustibles. Uno de sus mayores beneficios es que puede producirse con la tecnología de refinación actual. Su similitud con el diésel de petróleo también significa que no hay problemas de compatibilidad con la infraestructura y vehículos existentes.
Además, el HDRD ha demostrado una calidad de combustión más alta, lo cual puede proporcionar un mejor desempeño y un mayor tiempo de vida útil en un vehículo. También ofrece ventajas ambientales con respecto a otros combustibles, como su contenido bajísimo de azufre, además de que cuando se quema sólo libera la cantidad de dióxido de carbono equivalente que fue capturada por la materia prima renovable utilizada, por ejemplo, la canola.
## El análisis de HDRD de Beta Analytic
El análisis de contenido de base biológica determina la fracción derivada de biomasa del HDRD puro o mezclado midiendo el contenido de Carbono-14 de la muestra. Los materiales derivados de biomasa contienen una cantidad conocida de Carbono-14, mientras que los materiales elaborados con petróleo no contienen nada. La norma [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") mide el contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono total utilizando Carbono-14.
Beta Analytic, laboratorio acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ofrece análisis de contenido de base biológica en biocombustibles conforme al método analítico establecido en la norma ASTM D6866. El laboratorio, con sede en Miami, entrega los resultados en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Para consultas, contacte a Beta Analytic al correo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> o llame a su [oficina de reenvío local](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Beta oficina de reenvío local").
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### [Diesel renouvelable produit par hydrogénation (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/diesel-renouvelable-drph.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Le diesel renouvelable produit par hydrogénation est produit par le raffinage de graisses ou d’huiles végétales lors d’un procédé d’hydrotraitement. Il est également connu sous le nom de « diesel vert », et il est soit utilisé seul, soit mélangé avec du diesel de pétrole.
Il utilise la même matière première que le biodiesel. Toutefois, alors que le biodiesel est composé d’esters monoalkyles d’acides gras à longue chaîne, le HDRD est similaire en composition au diesel de pétrole, étant essentiellement constitué d’hydrocarbures à chaîne droite (C12-C18) saturés.
## Les perspectives d’avenir du HDRD
Les perspectives d’avenir du HDRD sont prometteuses dans la mesure où la recherche et le développement se poursuivent dans ce domaine, car le HDRD présente plusieurs avantages sur le marché des biocarburants. L’un de ses principaux avantages est qu’il peut être produit avec la technologie de raffinage existante. Sa ressemblance avec le diesel de pétrole signifie également qu’il n’y a pas de problèmes de compatibilité avec les infrastructures existantes et les véhicules.
En outre, le HDRD a montré une meilleure qualité de combustion, qui peut offrir une performance améliorée et une plus longue durée de vie du véhicule. Il présente également des avantages environnementaux comparé à d’autres carburants, notamment avec sa teneur en soufre très basse et le fait que lors de la combustion, il libère uniquement la quantité équivalente de dioxyde de carbone qui a été capturé par la matière première renouvelable utilisée, par exemple le canola.
## Analyses du HDRD réalisées par Beta Analytic
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée permet de déterminer la fraction dérivée de la biomasse du HDRD pur ou mélangé en mesurant la teneur en carbone 14 de l’échantillon. Les matériaux issus de la biomasse contiennent une quantité connue de carbone 14, alors que les matériaux dérivés du pétrole n’en contiennent pas. La norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") indique la mesure du carbone biosourcé comme fraction de la teneur en carbone total en utilisant la méthode du carbone 14.
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 fournit des analyses de la teneur biosourcée pour les biocarburants selon la norme analytique ASTM D6866. Le laboratoire basé à Miami fournit les résultats sous 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Pour tout renseignement, veuillez contacter Beta Analytic à l’adresse <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> ou appeler un [bureau local](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Beta bureau local").
---
### [Contenuto biobased di aromi e fragranze](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/aromi.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Per molti degli aromi e delle fragranze oggi disponibili sul mercato, un produttore di alimenti o bevande può scegliere tra una variante sintetica e una naturale. Poiché i prodotti naturali sono spesso più costosi, le alternative sintetiche vengono utilizzate da diverse aziende.
L’analisi del contenuto biobased (analisi al carbonio-14) offre uno strumento per distinguere tra fonti sintetiche e naturali. Le fragranze e gli aromi sintetici vengono solitamente prodotti a partire da fonti minerali, ad esempio il petrolio. I combustibili fossili, come il petrolio, si sono formati milioni di anni fa e perciò non contengono carbonio-14. Al contrario, i materiali derivati da fonti naturali hanno un contenuto di carbonio-14 simile a quello delle piante viventi. Misurando il carbonio-14 di aromi e fragranze, è quindi possibile determinare se il materiale deriva da fonti naturali o sintetiche e se un aroma o una fragranza dichiarati come 100% naturali sono stati adulterati.
## Naturale e artificiale a confronto – Determinare la fonte del prodotto
Vaniglia
Fonte naturale – Baccelli di vaniglia (Vanilla planifolia)
Vaniglia artificiale – Vanillina da lignina (sottoprodotto dell’industria cartaria), etil vanillina (un derivato del catrame), bio-vanillina (derivato della fermentazione microbica)
La vaniglia è un prodotto molto utilizzato nell’industria degli aromi e delle fragranze. A causa della forte richiesta e della scarsa offerta, è un prodotto molto costoso. La maggior parte dei prodotti contiene vaniglia sintetica, le cui forme più comuni sono la vanillina da lignina e l’etil vanillina.
L’analisi del contenuto biobased può distinguere tra estratti di baccelli di vaniglia e vanillina derivata da fonti petrolchimiche. Il test non può determinare se la vaniglia proviene da baccelli di vaniglia o da altri precursori vegetali. L’analisi degli isotopi stabili del carbonio è necessaria per identificare con più accuratezza la fonte del materiale.
Caffeina
Le fonti naturali includono – fave di caffè, foglie di the, bacche di guaranà
Le fonti artificiali includono – sintesi chimica dell’urea
La caffeina è onnipresente nell’industria alimentare, trovandosi nel caffè, nel the e in diverse altre bevande. Negli ultimi anni, la domanda di bevande caffeinate, come gli energy drink, le bevande per sportivi e le bibite gasate, ha continuato a crescere. La caffeina sintetica rappresenta una risorsa economica per la produzione di bevande che non contengono the o caffè.
Attraverso l’analisi del contenuto biobased, è possibile determinare se la caffeina proviene da una fonte naturale o da una fonte petrolchimica. L’analisi del contenuto biobased non può distinguere tra diverse fonti naturali di caffeina.
Acido acetico
Fonte naturale – Fermentazione di alcune piante e frutti
Fonte sintetica – Da alcool sintetico
L’acido acetico ha una grande varietà di applicazioni. In forma diluita, può essere utilizzato come detergente (aceto). Nell’industria alimentare, viene utilizzato come regolatore di acidità e condimento.
Per identificare l’acido acetico adulterato, è possibile utilizzare l’analisi del contenuto biobased. Questo test può distinguere tra l’acido acetico naturale e quello prodotto a partire da fonti petrolchimiche.
Acido tartarico
Fonte naturale – Alcuni frutti (spesso sottoprodotti di scarto dell’industria vinicola)
Fonte sintetica – Da anidride maleica (L-(+)-acido tartarico sintetico)
L’acido tartarico viene ampiamente utilizzato nell’industria alimentare, in prodotti come il vino, i succhi di frutta e i prodotti da forno. Sia l’acido tartarico naturale sia quello sintetico vengono utilizzati commercialmente. L’analisi del contenuto biobased può distinguere questi due tipi di acido tartarico e verificare quale materiale deriva da fonti naturali.
## I servizi di analisi del contenuto biobased di Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio con sede a Miami e fornisce analisi del contenuto biobased rapide e di alta qualità per l’industria degli aromi e delle fragranze. I risultati dell’analisi del carbonio biobased sono pronti in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. l laboratorio, certificato ISO 17025, riporta i risultati secondo gli standard internazionali ISO 16620-2 (contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale) e ASTM D6866. Per informazioni, inviare un’email all’indirizzo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Contenuto biobased degli oli essenziali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/oli.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Gli oli essenziali sono essenze vegetali concentrate, estratte attraverso la distillazione o la pressatura. Sono ampiamente utilizzati per la loro fragranza e per i loro effetti terapeutici. Data la grande varietà di applicazioni e la tendenza a preferire prodotti “naturali”, la domanda di oli essenziali da parte dell’industria farmaceutica, cosmetica e alimentare è molto elevata.
Gli oli essenziali hanno un alto costo di produzione e la loro crescente popolarità ha portato alla nascita di alternative sintetiche prontamente disponibili, spesso denominate oli profumati. Le alternative sintetiche non contengono esattamente le stesse sostanze presenti negli oli naturali. Durante la produzione degli oli essenziali naturali vengono estratti anche altri composti a basse concentrazioni. Ad esempio, quando viene sintetizzata la cinnamaldeide, gli altri composti presenti nell’olio di cannella naturale non vengono prodotti.
L’analisi del contenuto biobased (analisi al carbonio-14) determina la provenienza, naturale o sintetica, dell’olio essenziale. L’analisi del contenuto biobased può essere utilizzata dai fornitori e dai produttori per verificare che un olio essenziale non sia stato adulterato con l’alternativa sintetica più economica. Per distinguere tra diverse fonti naturali, è necessaria l’analisi degli isotopi stabili o altra analisi chimica.
## Oli essenziali naturali e sintetici a confronto
Olio di mandorla amara e benzaldeide sintetica a confronto
L’olio di mandorla amara è ampiamente utilizzato come aroma. Oltre che dai noccioli di mandorla, può essere estratto dai noccioli di pesche e albicocche. A causa della disponibilità limitata e del costo elevato della sua forma naturale, il composto sintetico è spesso utilizzato nei prodotti alimentari.
L’analisi del contenuto biobased può indicare se l’olio di mandorla amara è stato prodotto a partire da una fonte sintetica, da una fonte naturale o da entrambe. L’analisi del contenuto biobased non può, tuttavia, distinguere tra diverse fonti naturali.
Olio di cannella e cinnamaldeide sintetica a confronto
L’olio di cannella viene utilizzato nell’industria alimentare come aroma e fragranza, come fungicida e per i suoi benefici per la salute. Il nome olio di cannella può fare riferimento a due prodotti – l’olio di corteccia di cannella, più forte e più costoso da produrre, e i più economici olio di foglie di cannella e olio di cassia. A causa dell’alto costo di produzione, è l’olio di corteccia di cannella che corre il maggiore rischio di essere adulterato con una sostanza più economica.
L’analisi del contenuto biobased può essere utilizzato per verificare se l’olio di cannella è stato prodotto a partire dalla sua fonte naturale o se è stato adulterato con cinnamaldeide sintetica.
Linalolo naturale da oli essenziali e linalolo sintetico a confronto
Il linalolo è un costituente chiave dell’olio essenziale di coriandolo, che, nella sua forma naturale, viene estratto dai semi della pianta di *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)*. Il linalolo è anche un componente degli oli essenziali di bergamotto, lavanda, menta citrata e palissandro. La fragranza viene utilizzata per la produzione di profumi e aromi, conservanti, lozioni e medicinali.
L’analisi del carbonio biobased può essere utilizzata per identificare il linalolo sintetico di derivazione petrolchimica, che è chimicamente identico al linalolo distillato dall’olio essenziale di lavanda, ma non è di origine vegetale. L’analisi del carbonio biobased, tuttavia, non è in grado di distinguere da quale pianta il linalolo naturale è stato estratto o di identificare il linalolo sintetico prodotto a partire dal beta-pinene, un sottoprodotto dell’industria cartaria.
Olio essenziale di timo e timolo sintetico a confronto
L’olio essenziale di timo possiede diverse proprietà medicinali. Contiene infatti il timolo, che conferisce all’olio essenziale le sue proprietà antisettiche. Il timolo sintetico viene utilizzato come antisettico nei collutori e nei disinfettanti multiuso, oltre che in molti altri prodotti.
L’analisi del carbonio biobased può essere utilizzata per distinguere tra olio essenziale di timo (chemotipo timolo), estratto dalle piante come quelle appartenenti alla famiglia delle *Lamiaceae*, e timolo sintetico, che può essere prodotto in laboratorio con una purezza molto alta (99,9+%) a partire da fonti petrolchimiche a basso costo.
L’analisi dei prodotti naturali attraverso il metodo del carbonio-14 può essere utilizzata per controllare se questi oli essenziali contengono adulteranti derivati dal petrolio.
| **Olio essenziale (Essential Oil)** | **Adulterante sintetico (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| Olio di mandorla amara (Bitter Almond Oil) | Benzaldeide (Benzaldehyde) |
| Olio di cassia (Cassia Oil) | Aldeide cinnamica, cumarina (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| Olio di corteccia di cannella (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | Aldeide cinnamica (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| Olio di citronella (Lemongrass Oil) | Citrale (Citral) |
| Olio di Litsea cubeba (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| Olio di frutti di cumino (Cumin Fruit Oil) | Cuminaldeide (Cuminaldehyde) |
| Oli di basilico (Basil Oils) | Linalolo (Linalool) |
| Olio di bergamotto (Bergamot Oil) |
| Olio di frutti di coriandolo (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| Olio di Mentha citrata (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| Olio di noce moscata (Nutmeg Oil) |
| Olio di rosmarino (Rosemary Oil) |
| Olio di palissandro (Rosewood Oil) |
| Olio di menta piperita (Peppermint Oil) | Mentolo, olio minerale (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| Olio di Gaultheria (wintergreen) (Wintergreen Oil) | Salicilato di metile (Methyl Salicylate) |
| Olio di origano (Origanum Oil) | Timolo (Thymol) |
| Olio di timo (Thyme Oil) |
## I servizi di analisi del contenuto biobased di Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e fornisce analisi del contenuto biobased degli oli essenziali rapide e di alta qualità. I risultati sono pronti in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. Il laboratorio, con sede a Miami, riporta i risultati secondo ISO 16620-2 (contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale) o secondo ASTM D6866. Per informazioni, inviare un’email all’indirizzo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Contenido de origen biológico de aceites esenciales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/aceites.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Los aceites esenciales son esencias concentradas de plantas extraídas mediante destilación o prensado. Son utilizados ampliamente por su sabor y aroma, e incluso por sus efectos terapéuticos. Dada su amplia gama de aplicaciones y la tendencia creciente a favor de productos “naturales”, existe una gran demanda de aceites esenciales en la industria farmacéutica, de cosméticos, y de alimentos y bebidas.
Los aceites esenciales tienen un alto costo de producción y con su creciente popularidad han aparecido versiones sintéticas más fácilmente disponibles usualmente denominadas como aceites aromáticos. Las versiones sintéticas no tienen exactamente los mismos componentes que los aceites de fuentes naturales. En la producción de aceites esenciales naturales existen otros componentes en bajas concentraciones que también son extraídos. Por ejemplo, al sintetizar el cinamaldehído, los otros compuestos encontrados en el aceite de canela natural no son creados.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico (análisis de carbono 14) determina si el aceite esencial es natural o sintético. El análisis de contenido de base biológica puede ser usado por proveedores y fabricantes para verificar que un aceite esencial no ha sido adulterado con la alternativa sintética más barata. Para distinguir entre las diferentes fuentes naturales, es necesario el análisis de isótopos estables u otros análisis químicos.
## Aceites esenciales naturales y sintéticos
Aceite de almendras amargas y benzaldehído sintético
El aceite de almendras amargas es ampliamente usado como agente saborizante. Además de obtenerse de los granos de almendra, el aceite de almendras amargas también puede ser extraído de frutas como duraznos y albaricoques. Debido a la limitada disponibilidad y altos costos de la forma natural, el compuesto sintético se utiliza con frecuencia en productos de alimentos y bebidas.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico puede determinar si el aceite de almendras amargas ha sido elaborado a partir de una fuente natural o sintética o de una mezcla de ambas. Sin embargo, el análisis de contenido de origen biológico no puede distinguir entre las diferentes fuentes naturales.
Aceite de canela y cinamaldehído sintético
El aceite de canela se utiliza en la industria de alimentos como saborizante y fragancia, como pesticida y también por sus beneficios en la salud. El aceite de canela puede aludir a dos diferentes tipos: el más fuerte y más costoso para producir el aceite de corteza de canela y los aceites más baratos de hoja y casia de canela. Debido a sus altos costos de producción, el aceite de corteza de canela corre un mayor riesgo de ser adulterado con la alternativa más barata.
El análisis de contenido de origen biológico puede determinar si el aceite de canela fue elaborado a partir de su fuente natural o si fue adulterado con cinamaldehído sintético.
Linalol natural de aceites esenciales frente al linalol sintético
El linalol es un componente elemental del aceite de cilantro, el cual, en su forma natural, se extrae de las semillas de la planta *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)*. El linalol es también un componente de los aceites de bergamota, lavanda, menta cítrica y palisandro. El químico aromático se utiliza en fragancias y saborizantes, conservantes, lociones y medicinas terapéuticas.
El análisis de carbono de base biológica puede identificar el linalol sintético derivado de petroquímicos, el cual es químicamente idéntico al del linalol destilado del aceite de lavanda, pero no es de origen botánico. Sin embargo, el análisis de carbono de base biológica no puede distinguir el origen botánico específico del linalol natural o identificar el linalol sintético elaborado a partir de Beta-pineno, un subproducto de la industria del papel.
Aceite esencial de tomillo frente al tomillo sintético
El aceite esencial de tomillo tiene muchas propiedades medicinales. Contiene tomillo, el cual le da al aceite esencial sus propiedades antisépticas. El tomillo sintético es usado como antiséptico en enjuagues bucales y en desinfectantes de uso general, entre muchas otras aplicaciones.
El análisis de carbono de base biológica puede diferenciar entre el aceite esencial de tomillo (quimiotipo de tomillo) extraído de plantas, como las que pertenecen a la familia *Lamiaceae*, y el tomillo sintético, el cual puede fabricarse en el laboratorio con un alto nivel de pureza (99.9+%) a partir de fuentes petroquímicas a un bajo costo.
El análisis de productos naturales utilizando el método de Carbono-14 puede usarse para examinar si estos aceites esenciales contienen adulterantes derivados de petroquímicos.
| **Aceite Esencial (Essential Oil)** | **Adulterante sintético (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| Aceite de almendra amarga (Bitter Almond Oil) | Benzaldehído (Benzaldehyde) |
| Aceite de casia (Cassia Oil) | Cinamaldehído, Cumarina (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| Aceite de corteza de canela (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | Cinamaldehído (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| Aceite de citronela (Lemongrass Oil) | Citral |
| Aceite de litsea cubeba (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| Aceite de comino (Cumin Fruit Oil) | Cinamaldehído (Cuminaldehyde) |
| Aceites de albahaca (Basil Oils) | Linalool |
| Aceite de bergamota (Bergamot Oil) |
| Aceite de cilantro (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| Aceite de menta cítrica (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| Aceite de nuez moscada (Nutmeg Oil) |
| Aceite de romero (Rosemary Oil) |
| Aceite de palo de rosa (Rosewood Oil) |
| Aceite de menta (Peppermint Oil) | Mentol, Aceite mineral (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| Aceite de gaulteria (Wintergreen Oil) | Salicilato de metilo (Methyl Salicylate) |
| Aceite de orégano (Origanum Oil) | Timol (Thymol) |
| Aceite de tomillo (Thyme Oil) |
## Los servicios de análisis del contenido de origen biológico de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, proporciona análisis rápidos y de alta calidad del contenido de origen biológico de aceites esenciales. Los resultados se entregan en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. El laboratorio, con sede en Miami, comunica los resultados conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2 (contenido de carbono de origen biológico como fracción del carbono total o del carbono orgánico total) o la norma ASTM D6866. Para consultas, escríbanos al correo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Biobasierter Anteil von Duft- & Aromastoffen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/duftstoffe.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Ein Lebensmittel- oder Getränkehersteller hat am heutigen Markt die Wahl zwischen natürlichen und synthetischen Aroma- und Duftstoffen. Das Produkt mit natürlichem Ursprung ist allerdings oft teurer, als das synthetische Gegenstück und deshalb wird die zuletzt genannte Variante von vielen Unternehmen bevorzugt.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils (Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse) bietet die Möglichkeit zwischen diesen beiden Varianten zu differenzieren: natürlich oder synthetisch. Synthetische Duft- und Aromastoffe werden gewöhnlich aus mineralischen Quellen wie etwa Erdöl hergestellt. Fossile Quellen wie z.B. Erdöl wurden über Millionen Jahre gebildet und weisen folglich kein Kohlenstoff-14 mehr auf. Im Gegensatz dazu besitzen Materialien mit natürlicher Herkunft einen Kohlenstoff-14 Anteil der in etwa dem von heute lebenden Pflanzen entspricht. Folglich kann durch die Messung des Kohlenstoff-14 Anteils in Duft- und Aromastoffen bestimmt werden, ob ein Material natürlich oder synthetisch hergestellt wurde oder ob ein als 100% natürlich gekennzeichnetes Produkt verfälscht wurde.
## Natürlich vs. künstlich – Den Ursprung eines Produkts bestimmen
Vanille
Natürlicher Ursprung – Vanilleschoten (Vanilla planifolia)
Künstliche Vanille – Lignin Vanillin (Nebenprodukt aus der Papierindustrie), Ethyl Vanillin (ein Derivat aus Steinkohleteer), Bio-Vanillin (Derivat aus mikrobieller Fermentierung)
Vanille ist sehr beliebt in der Duft- und Aromastoffindustrie. Aufgrund der hohen Nachfrage und des geringen Angebots, ist Vanille allerdings sehr teuer. Die meisten Produkte enthalten synthetische Vanille in Form von Lignin Vanillin und Ethyl Vanillin.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils ist in der Lage zwischen Vanille aus Schoten und Vanillin, welches auf Erdöl basiert, zu unterscheiden. Die Prüfung kann allerdings nicht zwischen Schoten und anderen botanischen Stoffen unterscheiden. Hierfür wird die Analyse der stabilen Isotope benötigt, um das Ursprungsmaterial identifizieren zu können.
Koffein
Natürlicher Ursprung – Kaffeebohnen, Teeblätter, Guaranafrucht
Synthetischer Ursprung – Chemische Synthese von Harnstoff
Koffein ist in der Lebensmittel- und Getränkeindustrie nicht mehr wegzudenken, sei es in Kaffee, Tee oder Limonaden. In den letzten Jahren ist die Nachfrage nach koffeinhaltigen Getränken deutlich angestiegen, z.B. in Energy Drinks, Sportgetränken oder Limonaden. In nicht-Kaffee/Tee Getränken, stellt synthetisch hergestelltes Koffein eine günstige Alternative dar.
Mit Hilfe der Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils kann man allerdings bestimmen, ob das Koffein natürlichen oder synthetischen und damit petrochemischen Ursprungs ist. Die biobasierte Prüfung kann allerdings nicht zwischen den verschiedenen natürlichen Quellen unterscheiden.
Essigsäure
Natürlicher Ursprung – Fermentierung von bestimmten Pflanzen und Früchten
Synthetischer Ursprung – Synthetischer Alkohol
Essigsäure wird für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen verwendet. In verdünnter Form wird sie als Reinigungsmittel verwendet (Essig). In der Lebensmittelindustrie wird sie als Säureregulator und als Gewürz verwendet.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils kann dazu verwendet werden, um verfälschte Essigsäure zu identifizieren. Die Prüfung kann unterscheiden zwischen Essigsäure aus natürlichen und synthetischen Quellen, wie z.B. petrochemischen Rohstoffen.
Weinsäure
Natürlicher Ursprung – Früchte (Nebenprodukt der Weinherstellung)
Synthetischer Ursprung – Maleinsäure-Anhydrid (synthetisches L – (+) – Weinsäure)
Die Verwendung von Weinsäure erstreckt sich in der Lebensmittelindustrie von Wein und Säften bis hin zu Backprodukten. Sowohl der natürliche, als auch der synthetische Ursprung von Weinsäure wird kommerziell eingesetzt. Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils kann zwischen den beiden Arten unterscheiden und gleichzeitig verifizieren, welches Material natürlich hergestellt wurde.
## Beta Analytics Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils
Beta Analytic sitzt in Miami und bietet eine hoch-qualitative und schnelle Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils für die Duft- und Aromaindustrie. Ergebnisse werden binnen 5-7 Werktagen berichtet. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Unser ISO 17025 akkreditiertes Labor berichtet Ergebnisse gemäß den internationalen Standards ISO 16620-2 (Biobasierter Kohlenstoffanteil als Anteil des gesamten Kohlenstoffs oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs) und ASTM D6866. Für Anfragen können Sie uns eine E-Mail an folgende Adresse schreiben: <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Biobasierter Anteil von ätherischen Ölen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/oele.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Ätherische Öle sind konzentrierte Pflanzenessenzen, die durch Destillation oder Pressen extrahiert wurden. Sie werden oft als Geschmack, Duft und sogar für therapeutische Zwecke verwendet. Aufgrund dieser breiten Anwendungspalette und dem Trend „natürliche“ Produkte zu verwenden, besteht eine große Nachfrage nach ätherischen Ölen in der Pharma-, Kosmetik-, Lebensmittel- und Getränkeindustrie.
Ätherische Öle sind teuer in der Herstellung und als Folge der zunehmenden Popularität, werden ebenfalls leichter verfügbare synthetische Öle produziert, die als Duftöle bezeichnet werden. Die synthetischen Varianten bestehen nicht ganz aus den gleichen Komponenten, wie die natürlichen Öle. Bei der Herstellung von natürlichen ätherischen Ölen werden auch andere Verbindungen in geringen Konzentrationen extrahiert. Wenn z.B. Zimtaldehyd synthetisch hergestellt wird, findet man andere Komponenten nicht, die bei der Herstellung von natürlichem Zimtöl entstehen würden.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils (Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse) kann bestimmen, ob ein ätherisches Öl natürlich oder synthetisch ist. Die biobasierte Prüfung kann von Lieferanten und Herstellern dazu verwendet werden, um zu überprüfen, ob ein ätherisches Öl durch eine synthetische und billigere Alternative beeinträchtigt wurde. Um die verschiedenen Quellen unterscheiden zu können, ist eine Prüfung der stabilen Isotope oder andere chemische Analysen nötig.
## Natürliche vs. synthetische ätherische Öle
Bittermandelöl vs. synthetisches Benzaldehyd
Bittermandelöl wird häufig als Aromastoff verwendet. Neben Mandelkernen kann Bittermandelöl auch aus Früchten wie z.B. Pfirsichen und Aprikosen extrahiert werden. Aufgrund des begrenzten Angebots und der höheren Kosten für die natürliche Ausführung, werden synthetische Komponenten oft für Lebensmittel- und Getränkeprodukte verwendet.
Die Analyse des biobasierten Anteils kann bestimmen, ob Bittermandelöl aus natürlichen oder synthetischen Quellen produziert wurde, oder ob es eine Mischung aus beidem ist. Die biobasierte Analyse kann allerdings nicht zwischen verschiedenen natürlichen Quellen unterscheiden.
Zimtöl vs. synthetisches Zimtaldehyd
Zimtöl wird in der Lebensmittelindustrie als Geschmacksaroma, Fungizid und allgemein für seinen positiven Effekt auf die Gesundheit verwendet. Mit Zimtöl können zwei verschiedene Arten gemeint sein – das stärkere und teurere Öl aus Zimtrinde und das günstigere Zimtöl aus Blättern und Kassien. Angesichts der höheren Produktionskosten von Öl aus Zimtrinde, besteht für dieses Öl auch die höhere Gefahr mit einer billigeren Alternative verfälscht zu werden.
Die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils kann verifizieren, ob ein Zimtöl natürlichen Ursprungs ist oder mit synthetischem Zimtaldehyd verfälscht wurde.
Natürliches Linalool aus ätherischem Öl vs. synthetischem Linalool
Linalool ist ein Hauptbestandteil von Korianderöl, das in seiner natürlichen Form aus Samen der Pflanze *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)* gewonnen wird. Linalool ist auch ein Bestandteil von Bergamotte, Lavendel, Mentha Citrata und Palisanderöl. Der Aromastoff wird in Duft-, Geschmacks- und Konservierungsstoffen, Lotionen und therapeutische Arzneimitteln verwendet.
Die Analyse des biobasierten Kohlenstoffen identifiziert petrochemisch gewonnenes, synthetischen Linalool; dieses ist in chemischer Hinsicht identisch mit aus Lavendelöl destilliertem Linalool, aber nicht botanischen Ursprungs. Biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Analysen können jedoch die spezifische botanische Herkunft von natürlichem Linalool nicht unterscheiden oder synthetisches Linalool identifizieren, dass aus Beta-Pinen, einem Nebenprodukt der Papierindustrie, hergestellt wurde.
ätherisches Thymianöl vs. synthetisches Thymol
ätherisches Thymianöl hat viele medizinische Eigenschaften. Es enthält Thymol, das dem ätherischen Öl seine antiseptischen Eigenschaften verleiht. Synthetisches Thymol wird z. B. als Antiseptikum in Mundwässern und in alltagsüblichenDesinfektionsmitteln verwendet.
Biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Analysen können zwischen Thymian aus ätherischem Öl (Thymol-Chemotyp), das aus Pflanzen der *Lamiaceae*– Familie extrahiert wird, und synthetischem Thymol unterscheiden, das, zu geringen Kosten, im Labor mit sehr hoher Reinheit (99,9%) aus petrochemischen Quellen gewonnen wird.
Die Analyse von natürlichen Produkte Tests mittels der Carbon-14-Methode kwird angewendet, um folgende ätherischen Öle auf petrochemisch abgeleitete Verfälschungen zu untersuchen.
| **Ätherisches Öl (Essential Oil)** | **Synthetisches Vermehrungsmittel (Synthetic Adulterant)** |
|---|---|
| Bittermandelöl (Bitter Almond Oil) | Benzaldehyd (Benzaldehyde) |
| Kassiaöl (Cassia Oil) | Zimtaldehyd, Cumarin (Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin) |
| Zimtrindenöl (Cinnamon Bark Oil) | Zimtaldehyd (Cinnamaldehyde) |
| Zitronengrasoel (Lemongrass Oil) | Citral |
| Litsea Cubeba Öl (Litsea Cubeba Oil) |
| Kreuzkümmelöl (Cumin Fruit Oil) | Cuminaldehyd (Cuminaldehyde) |
| Basilikumöle (Basil Oils) | Linalool |
| Bergamotteöl (Bergamot Oil) |
| Korianderfruchtöl (Coriander Fruit Oil) |
| Mentha citrata (Mentha Citrata Oil) |
| Macisöl (Nutmeg Oil) |
| Rosmarinöl (Rosemary Oil) |
| Palisanderöl (Rosewood Oil) |
| Pfefferminzöl (Peppermint Oil) | Menthol, Mineralöl (Menthol, Mineral Oil) |
| Wintergrünöl (Wintergreen Oil) | Methylsalicylat (Methyl Salicylate) |
| Origanumöl (Origanum Oil) | Thymol |
| Thymianöl (Thyme Oil) |
## Beta Analytics Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils
Beta Analytic ist ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und bietet eine hoch-qualitative und schnelle Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils für ätherische Öle. Die Ergebnisse werden binnen 5-7 Werktagen berichtet. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Unser Labor befindet sich in Miami und berichtet Ergebnisse gemäß ISO 16620-2 (Biobasierter Kohlenstoffanteil als Anteil des gesamten Kohlenstoffs oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs) oder ASTM D6866. Für Anfragen können Sie uns eine E-Mail an folgende Adresse schreiben: <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
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### [Beta實驗室 - 我們不接受添加碳-14示蹤劑樣品的原因](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/tracer-free-lab.html)
**Published:** April 25, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta實驗室是ISO/IEC 17025:2017-認證的無示蹤劑實驗室，我們不接受含有“碳-14示蹤劑”的藥物以及其他人工添加碳-14的樣品，以避免交叉污染的風險。人為添加碳-12、碳-13 或其他任何同位素的樣品也同樣不接受分析，因為它們可能會損壞實驗室的設備。這項政策是我們為所有客戶提供高品質結果承諾的一部分。
製藥公司會利用添加放射性標記的方式來進行藥物代謝評估。AMS生物醫學實驗室使用碳-14作為示蹤劑，因為它可以很容易地替代藥物分子中的碳-12原子，並且處理起來相對安全。然而，由於這些研究中使用的人造碳-14含量相對於自然界來說相當高（巨大），一旦在AMS實驗室中使用就會變得無所不在，而且無法避免地造成AMS和化學處理環境的交叉污染。儘管這種情形在生物醫學AMS設施中可能是可以接受的，但在放射性碳定年設施中是完全不可接受的。
## 不接觸人為添加的碳-14
根據美國材料和試驗協會 (ASTM International)規定，ASTM D6866標準適用於工作時不接觸生物醫學研究中常規使用之人造碳-14的實驗室。人造碳-14在實驗室中的含量是生質材料的 1,000倍或100%以上，或含量是1%的生質材料的100,000倍以上。人造碳14一旦進入實驗室，可能會在材料和其他表面上無所不在，而且可能會隨機污染未知樣品，從而產生不準確的高生質含量結果。儘管實驗室可以強力清除污染的人造碳14，然而隔離已被證明是唯一成功的避免方法。對於暴露於人工碳14的實驗室需要完全獨立的化學實驗室和嚴格的檢測驗證措施。
免責聲明：本視頻託管於第三方網站中，可能包含廣告。
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## 無分包商的快速服務
本實驗室未分包工作給其他實驗室。我們的政策是與我們的客戶直接聯繫，在品質控制上保持完整的監控鏈，使用我們自己的 AMS機器，並對每項分析有完整的工作記錄，以便在獲得結果後提供客戶最佳的答覆。
我們能夠提供如此快速的服務，是因為所有的分析都是在實驗室內部完成的；我們有多個加速器和專門的全職技術人員和科學家。在必要時加班工作，以滿足承諾的交付時程。
若有任何疑問，請發送電子郵件至 [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") 或撥打電話+(886)-(0)2-7742-6266
根據我們的 [**服務條款和條件**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**，送交帶有人造/標記/示蹤劑碳-14樣品的Beta實驗室客戶將承擔損壞和清理費用。**
**參考文獻**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – 使用放射性碳分析測定固體、液體和氣體樣品生質含量的標準測試方法。
AMS系統中的記憶效應：災難與恢復。 J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (開放存取)
從AMS樣品製備中的示蹤劑污染裡恢復。 A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (開放存取)
預防和去除LLNL/CAMS天然放射性碳樣品製備實驗室中升高的放射性碳污染。 Zermeño, et. al. *物理研究中的核儀器和方法B部分：光束與材料和原子的相互作用* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
西安AMS中心的高含量碳14污染和回收。 Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
最後更新: 2022年11月
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### [Beta 연구소 – 추적자 탄소-14 함유 시료 취급하지 않는 이유](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/tracer-free-lab.html)
**Published:** April 25, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-인증 Beta 연구소는 무 추적자 실험실입니다. 교차 오염의 위험성을 없애기 위해 “추적자 탄소-14” 함유 약학 용 시료나 인공 탄소 -14 함유 물질은 취급하지 않습니다. 탄소-12, 탄소-13, 혹은 다른 동위원소를 인공적으로 투입한 시료들 또한 실험실의 각종 기기들에 피해를 줄 수 있어서 취급하지 않습니다. 이런 규정은 고객들에게 고 품질의 결과를 제공하기 위한 활동의 일환 입니다.
제약 회사들은 실험 단계의 약에 방사성 라벨을 붙여 약품의 효능을 관찰합니다. AMS 바이오 의학 용 실험실들은 탄소-14를 추적자로 사용하고 있습니다. 그 이유는 약품 분자에 탄소-12 대신 쉽게 대체할 수 있고, 다루기 쉽기 때문입니다. 하지만, 이런 연구에 사용되는 인공 탄소-14는 자연 상태보다 그 양이 엄청나게 높아 (무지하게), 실험실 내에서 한번 사용하게 되면 AMS 기기 내에 교차 오염이 일어나며, 실험실 여기 저기 흔하게 남아있어, 이를 피할 수 없습니다. 바이오 의학 용 AMS 연구소에서는 가능하지만, 천연 상태의 방사성 연대측정 연구소에서는 허용이 안됩니다.
## 인공 탄소-14 노출 차단
ASTM International에 따르면, ASTM D6866 표준 방식은 바이오 의학 용 연구에 지속적으로 인공 탄소-14에 노출되지 않는 실험실에서만 해야 한다고 되어 있습니다. 인공 탄소-14는 100 % 바이오 기반 물질보다 1,000배 이상, 1% 바이오 기반 물질보다 100,000배 이상 실험실 내에 존재할 수 있습니다. 실험실 내에서, 인공 14C는 모든 장소 및 표면 여기저기에 탐지가 되지 않는 상태로 존재하게 될 수 있으며, 시료를 오염 시켜 상대적으로 높은 바이오 베이스 결과를 만들어 낼 수도 있습니다. 실험실 내 오염된 인공 14C를 제 아무리 잘 세척을 해도, 가장 좋은 방법은 취급하지 않는 것입니다. 실험실의 철저한 분리 및 최상의 탐지 검사가 인공 14C 노출을 피하는 최선의 방법입니다.
면책조항: 이 비디오는 제3자의 사이트에 올렸으며, 광고가 포함되어 있습니다.
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## 외부 하청업체 사용 금지로 신속한 서비스 가능
우리 연구소는 다른 외부 연구소와 하청 작업을 하지 않습니다. 본사 규정은 고객과 직접 소통, 품질 관리를 위한 일체의 관련 작업 시행, 자체 AMS 기기 사용, 보고서 발행 후 고객의 질의에 관해 각 해당 분석에 대한 상세한 추적 가능한 지식 보유 입니다.
모든 분석은 자체 실험실에서 진행되며, 다수의 가속기 보유하고 있으며, 약속된 시간 준수를 위한 연장 근무도 불사하는 다수의 정직원 연구원들이 종사함으로써, 빠른 서비스를 제공할 수가 있습니다.
문의 사항이 있으시면 이메일 주시거나 [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") 혹은 전화 주시기 바랍니다 + (1) 305-662-7760.
인공/라벨/추적자 탄소 -14 함유 시료를 제출하는 Beta 연구소 고객들은 [**서비스 조건 및 컨디션**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**에 따라 피해 및 세척 비용을 지불해야 합니다.**
**참고**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
최신 업데이트: 2022년 11월
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### [Beta Analytic – トレーサーCarbon-14を含む試料はお引き受けしません](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/tracer-free-lab.html)
**Published:** April 25, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定の Beta Analyticはトレーサーフリー試験所です。薬の開発に伴う“トレーサー Carbon-14”およびその他の人為的なCarbon-14を含む試料は、クロスコンタミネーションのリスクを避けるためお引き受けいたしません。Carbon-12, Carbon-13およびその他いかなる同位体に関しても人為的に増強されたものが添加されている試料はお引き受けできません。そういった試料は試験所に大きなダメージを与える可能性があります。この方針は高品質な結果をお届けするために必須です。
製薬会社は、薬物動態を評価するために放射性物質をトレーサーとして添加した薬を使用します。バイオメディカル試験所は、その取り扱いやすさからCarbon-14をトレーサーとして用いますが、そういった試験に用いられる人為的なCarbon-14は天然のものより非常に濃度が高いため、AMSおよび化学処理施設がまんべんなく汚染されクロスコンタミネーションが避けられない状態となってしまいます。これはバイオメディカル試験所では容認できますが、年代測定試験所ではあってはならないことです。
## 人為起源 Carbon-14の取り扱いはありません
ASTMインターナショナルによると、ASTM D6866規格に則ったバイオベース試験はバイオケミカルスタディーで汎用的に用いらる人為的なcarbon-14の影響のない試験所でしか行うことができません。人為起源のcarbon-14は100 %自然由来のバイオベース材料の数千倍、1%バイオベース材料に対しては数十万倍のレベルがある可能性があります。いったん試験所内に人為的な14Cが入っていしまうと、まんべんなく定着することにより汚染起因物質となり、不正確で高い濃度のバイオベース試験結果をもたらしてしまいます。人為起源の14Cを試験施設から完全に除去することは困難であり、隔離をする以外に有効な手段がないことが証明されています。人為起源の14Cを扱う試験所が結果を配信するためには、完全に分離した施設による化学処理と結果証明のための厳格な方法が必要です。
免責事項:この動画はサードパーティーのサービスを利用しているため広告が表示されることがあります。
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## 社内一貫分析による迅速な納期
他の試験所が分析に関与することはありません。Beta Analyticは、顧客との直接連絡、品質管理のための分析工程の管理、社が所有している加速器での分析、分析内容の熟知、結果についての質問に対する的確な回答を方針としています。
社内一貫分析、複数の加速器の所有、フルタイム技術スタッフおよび科学者による分析により迅速な納期を達成しています。
お問い合わせは [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") もしくは call +(1) 305-662-7760 まで。
我々の [**Terms and Conditions of Servicesにより**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**、”人為起源を含む/ラベルされた/トレーサー Carbon-14” を含む試料をBeta Analytic試験所に送付した場合、損害賠償および施設のクリーンアップ費用を支払う責任が生じます。**
**参照文献**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253 (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
最終更新: 2022年11月
---
### [Beta Analytic – ¿Por qué no aceptamos muestras con marcadores de carbono-14?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/laboratorio-libre-de-marcadores.html)
**Published:** April 22, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic, acreditado por ISO/IEC 17025:2017, es un laboratorio libre de marcadores. Para eliminar el riesgo de contaminación cruzada, no aceptamos muestras farmacéuticas con “marcadores de carbono-14” o cualquier otro material que contenga carbono 14 artificial. Las muestras que han sido enriquecidas artificialmente con Carbono-12, Carbono-13 o cualquier otro isótopo tampoco se aceptan para el análisis, ya que pueden dañar el equipo del laboratorio. Esta política forma parte de nuestro compromiso de proporcionar resultados de alta calidad a todos nuestros clientes.
Las empresas farmacéuticas evalúan el metabolismo de los fármacos mediante el uso de una versión radiomarcada del fármaco que se investiga. Los laboratorios biomédicos de AMS utilizan el carbono-14 como marcador porque reemplaza fácilmente a los átomos de carbono-12 en la molécula del fármaco y es relativamente seguro de manejar. Sin embargo, dado que la cantidad de carbono-14 artificial utilizada en estos estudios es extremadamente alta (enorme) en comparación con los niveles naturales y una vez que se usa en un laboratorio de AMS se vuelve omnipresente, es imposible evitar la contaminación cruzada dentro del AMS y las líneas químicas. Aunque esto puede ser aceptable en un laboratorio biomédico de AMS, no lo es en un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono.
## Sin exposición al carbono artificial-14
De acuerdo con ASTM International, la norma ASTM D6866 se aplica a los laboratorios que trabajan sin exposición al carbono-14 artificial que se usa habitualmente en estudios biomédicos. El carbono-14 artificial puede existir dentro del laboratorio a niveles 1,000 veces o más del 100 % de materiales de base biológica y 100,000 veces más del 1% de materiales de base biológica. Una vez en el laboratorio, el 14C artificial puede volverse omnipresente e indetectable en materiales y otras superficies, pero la contaminación puede afectar a las muestras de forma aleatoria y producir resultados analíticos de base biológica erróneamente altos. A pesar de los múltiples intentos de limpiar el 14C artificial contaminante de un laboratorio, el aislamiento ha demostrado ser el único método exitoso para evitarlo. Se requieren laboratorios químicos completamente separados y medidas extremas para la validación de la detección de los laboratorios expuestos a 14C artificial.
Exención de responsabilidad: Este video está alojado en un sitio externo y puede contener publicidad.
---
## Servicio rápido sin subcontrataciones
No subcontratamos trabajo a otros laboratorios. Nuestra política es tener contacto directo con nuestros clientes, mantener una cadena de custodia completa en el control de calidad, usar nuestras propias máquinas AMS y tener un conocimiento completo de cada análisis para responder mejor a las preguntas una vez que los resultados estén disponibles.
Ofrecemos un servicio rápido porque todos los análisis se realizan internamente; contamos con múltiples aceleradores y un personal dedicado a tiempo completo de técnicos y científicos que trabajan horas extra, si es necesario, para cumplir con los plazos de entrega prometidos.
Para consultas, envíenos un correo electrónico a [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") o llame al +(1) 305-662-7760.
Los clientes de Beta Analytic que envíen muestras con Carbono-14 artificial/marcado/trazador serán responsables de los daños y costos de limpieza según nuestros [**Términos y condiciones de servicios**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**.**
**Referencias:**
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
*Última actualización: Noviembre de 2022*
---
### [Beta Analytic – Por que não aceitamos amostras com carbono-14 marcado](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/livre-de-marcadores.html)
**Published:** April 23, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pela norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e é livre de isótopos marcados. Não aceitamos amostras farmacêuticas com “carbono-14 marcado” e outros materiais que contenham carbono-14 artificial, com a finalidade de eliminar o risco de contaminação cruzada. Amostras que foram artificialmente enriquecidas com carbono-12, carbono-13 e quaisquer outros isótopos tampouco são aceitas para análise, pois podem danificar os equipamentos do laboratório. Esta política é parte do nosso compromisso de fornecer resultados de alta qualidade para todos os nossos clientes.
Empresas farmacêuticas avaliam o metabolismo de medicamentos com versões radiomarcadas da droga que está sendo pesquisada. Laboratórios biomédicos de espectrometria de massas com aceleradores (AMS) usam o carbono-14 como traçador porque ele pode facilmente substituir os átomos de carbono-12 na molécula da droga, e é de manuseio relativamente seguro. No entanto, como o carbono-14 artificial usado nesses estudos é exponencialmente alto em comparação aos níveis naturais do isótopo, e pelo fato de que se torna onipresente uma vez usado em um laboratório de AMS, não se pode evitar a contaminação cruzada no espectrômetro e nas linhas químicas. Isso pode ser aceitável em instalações de AMS biomédicas, mas não é aceitável em um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono.
## Livre de exposição a carbono-14 artificial
De acordo com a ASTM International, a norma ASTM D6866 se aplica a laboratórios que trabalham sem a exposição a carbono-14 artificial, que é rotineiramente usado em estudos biomédicos. O carbono-14 artificial pode existir dentro de um laboratório em níveis mil ou mais vezes maiores do que materiais que são 100% biobaseados, e 100 mil vezes maiores do que materiais que são 1% biobaseados. Uma vez dentro de um laboratório, o carbono-14 artificial pode tornar-se indelevelmente onipresente em materiais e outras superfícies. Ele pode contaminar de forma aleatória uma amostra desconhecida, o que provoca resultados de carbono biobaseado imprecisamente altos. O isolamento foi comprovado como o único método bem-sucedido de anulação de contaminação por carbono-14 artificial, comparado a tentativas de limpeza vigorosa. Laboratórios químicos totalmente separados e medidas extremas de validação de detecção são necessários para laboratórios que foram expostos a carbono-14 artificial.
Aviso legal: Este vídeo está hospedado em um site de terceiros e poderá conter publicidade.
---
## Serviços rápidos e não terceirizados
Não terceirizamos trabalho para outros laboratórios. A nossa política é a de ter contato direto com os nossos clientes, manter a cadeia de custódia completa na garantia de qualidade, usar as nossas próprias máquinas de AMS e ter o conhecimento funcional completo de cada análise, para que tenhamos as melhores respostas após a disponibilização dos resultados.
Somos capazes de oferecer serviços tão rápidos porque todas as análises são feitas em instalações próprias. Possuímos múltiplos aceleradores, e uma equipe de técnicos e cientistas dedicada integralmente e que cumpre horas extras, quando necessário, para assegurar os prazos prometidos.
Para consultas, por favor envie um email para [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") ou telefone para +(1) 305-662-7760.
Clientes do Beta Analytic que enviarem amostras com carbono-14 artificial, marcado ou com traçadores serão responsabilizados pelos danos causados e pelos custos de limpeza, de acordo com os nossos [**Termos e Condições de Serviços**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**.**
**Referências**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
*Última atualização: novembro de 2022*
---
### [Beta Analytic – Perché non accettiamo campioni contenenti carbonio-14 tracciante](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/laboratorio-tracer-free.html)
**Published:** April 23, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio tracer-free accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017. Non accettiamo campioni biomedici o farmaceutici, né altri materiali, contenenti carbonio-14 tracciante, per evitare il rischio di contaminazione incrociata. I campioni arricchiti artificialmente con carbonio-12, carbonio-13, carbonio-14 o qualsiasi altro isotopo non sono ammessi perché possono danneggiare le attrezzature del laboratorio. Questa politica fa parte del nostro impegno a fornire risultati di alta qualità ai nostri clienti.
Le aziende farmaceutiche utilizzano una versione radiomarcata dei farmaci in via di sviluppo per valutarne il metabolismo. I laboratori AMS biomedici impiegano il carbonio-14 come tracciante perché può facilmente sostituire gli atomi di carbonio-12 nella molecola del farmaco ed è relativamente sicuro da maneggiare. Tuttavia, poiché il carbonio-14 utilizzato in questo tipo di studi si trova in concentrazioni estremamente elevate rispetto ai suoi livelli naturali, una volta introdotto in un laboratorio AMS diventa onnipresente e la contaminazione dello spettrometro e del laboratorio chimico è inevitabile. Se questa contaminazione può essere accettabile in un laboratorio AMS dedicato esclusivamente alla ricerca biomedica, non lo è per un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio.
## Nessuna esposizione al carbonio-14 tracciante
Secondo quanto previsto da ASTM International, la norma ASTM D6866 può essere utilizzata dai laboratori non esposti al carbonio-14 artificiale o tracciante, usato regolarmente negli studi biomedici. La concentrazione di C14 artificiale può essere 1000 volte superiore a quella di un campione 100% biobased, o 100.000 volte superiore a quella di un campione 1% biobased. Una volta introdotto nel laboratorio, il 14C artificiale può diventare onnipresente nell’attrezzatura e sulle superfici, contaminando i campioni in modo casuale e producendo risultati inaffidabili, con una percentuale biobased più elevata di quella reale. Nonostante i ripetuti tentativi di rimuovere il 14C artificiale da un laboratorio in seguito a una contaminazione, l’isolamento si è dimostrato l’unico metodo efficace per evitare questo problema. Se un laboratorio è esposto al 14C artificiale, deve necessariamente avere laboratori chimici e attrezzature completamente separate, oltre a prevedere misure estremamente rigorose di convalida dei risultati.
Avvertenza: questo video è ospitato su un sito esterno e potrebbe contenere pubblicità.
---
## Servizio rapido senza subcontraenti
Non subappaltiamo il lavoro ad altri laboratori. La nostra politica prevede un contatto diretto con i nostri clienti, il mantenimento di una catena di custodia completa nel controllo qualità, l’utilizzo dei nostri strumenti AMS e una piena conoscenza di ogni analisi per rispondere al meglio a qualsiasi domanda relativa ai risultati.
Siamo in grado di offrire un servizio così rapido perché tutte le analisi sono eseguite nel nostro laboratorio; abbiamo diversi acceleratori e possiamo contare su uno staff a tempo pieno di tecnici e scienziati la cui priorità è garantire il rispetto dei tempi di consegna promessi.
Per qualsiasi informazione, contattare l’indirizzo [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") o il numero +(1) 305-662-7760.
I clienti che dovessero inviare a Beta Analytic campioni contenenti carbonio-14 artificiale/tracciante saranno ritenuti responsabili dei danni e dei costi per la pulizia come indicato nei nostri [**Termini e Condizioni**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**.**
**Riferimenti**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
*Ultimo aggiornamento: novembre 2022*
---
### [Beta Analytic - Pourquoi nous n'acceptons pas les échantillons avec du carbone 14 traceur](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/labo-sans-traceur.html)
**Published:** April 22, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, est un laboratoire sans traceur. Nous n’acceptons pas les échantillons pharmaceutiques contenant du « carbone 14 traceur » et d’autres matériaux contenant du carbone 14 artificiel, afin d’éliminer tout risque de contamination croisée. Les échantillons qui ont été artificiellement améliorés avec du carbone 12, du carbone 13 ou tout autre isotope ne sont pas non plus acceptés car ils pourraient endommager l’équipement du laboratoire. Cette politique fait partie de notre engagement à fournir des résultats de haute qualité à nos clients.
Les sociétés pharmaceutiques évaluent le métabolisme des médicaments en utilisant une version radiomarquée du médicament étudié. Les laboratoires biomédicaux AMS utilisent le carbone 14 comme traceur car il peut facilement remplacer les atomes de carbone 12 dans la molécule de médicament et sa manipulation est relativement sûre. Toutefois, étant donné que le carbone 14 artificiel utilisé dans ces études est particulièrement élevé par rapport au niveau naturel et qu’une fois utilisé dans un laboratoire AMS il devient omniprésent, la contamination croisée au sein de l’AMS et des lignes de chimie ne peut donc pas être évitée. Si cela peut être acceptable dans une installation AMS biomédicale, ce n’est pas acceptable dans un laboratoire de datation au radiocarbone.
## Aucune exposition au carbone 14 artificiel
Selon ASTM International, la norme ASTM D6866 est applicable aux laboratoires travaillant sans exposition au carbone 14 artificiel couramment utilisé dans les études biomédicales. Le carbone 14 artificiel peut exister dans le laboratoire à un niveau 1 000 fois ou plus élevé que 100 % de matériaux biosourcés et un niveau 100 000 fois plus élevé que 1 % de matériaux biosourcés. Une fois dans le laboratoire, le C14 artificiel peut devenir omniprésent de manière indétectable sur les matériaux et autres surfaces, et peut ainsi contaminer n’importe quel échantillon, produisant des résultats biosourcés inexacts. Malgré des tentatives strictes pour nettoyer le C14 artificiel contaminant au sein du laboratoire, l’isolement s’est avéré être la seule méthode efficace permettant de l’éviter. Des installations complètement séparées et la mise en place de mesures extrêmes permettant la détection sont exigées des laboratoires exposés au C14 artificiel.
Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
---
## Service rapide sans sous-traitants
Nous ne sous-traitons pas le travail à d’autres laboratoires. Notre politique est d’avoir un contact direct avec nos clients, de maintenir une chaîne de contrôle complète de la qualité, d’utiliser nos propres machines AMS et d’avoir une connaissance pratique complète de chaque analyse pour mieux répondre aux questions une fois les résultats disponibles.
Nous sommes en mesure d’offrir un service aussi rapide car toutes les analyses sont réalisées en interne ; nous avons plusieurs accélérateurs et une équipe de techniciens et de scientifiques dédiés à temps plein qui font des heures supplémentaires si cela s’avère nécessaire pour respecter les délais de livraison annoncés.
Pour toute demande, contactez-nous à [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Beta Analytic Contact") ou au +(1) 305-662-7760.
Les clients de Beta Analytic qui enverraient des échantillons contenant du carbone 14 artificiel/étiqueté/traceur seront responsables des dommages et des frais de nettoyage engendrés conformément à nos [**conditions générales de services**](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf)**.**
**Références**:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6866.htm) – Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis.
Memory effects in an AMS system: Catastrophe and Recovery. J. S. Vogel, J.R. Southon, D.E. Nelson. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 32, No. 1, 1990, p. 81-83 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1252](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1252 "AMS system") (Open Access)
Recovery from tracer contamination in AMS sample preparation. A. J. T. Jull, D. J. Donahue, L. J. Toolin. *Radiocarbon*, Vol. 32, No.1, 1990, p. 84-85 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.32.1253](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1253 "Recovery from tracer contamination - AMS sample preparation") (Open Access)
Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination in the LLNL/CAMS natural radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory. Zermeño, et. al. *Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms* Vol. 223-224, 2004, p. 293-297 [doi: 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.058](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168583X0400583X "Prevention and removal of elevated radiocarbon contamination")
High level 14C contamination and recovery at XI’AN AMS center. Zhou, et. al. *Radiocarbon*, Vol 54, No. 2, 2012, p. 187-193 [doi:10.2458/azu\_js\_rc.54.16045](https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/16045 "High-Level 14C Contamination")
*Dernière mise à jour : novembre 2022*
---
### [Analyse de la teneur biosourcée - Un outil de détection des fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/alimentaire.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Les produits naturels étant de plus en plus répandus, un outil de détection fiable des contrefaçons est tout aussi indispensable. Etant donné que les produits d’origine naturelle sont plus chers que leurs équivalents synthétiques, l’utilisation frauduleuse de produits artificiels moins chers généralement dérivés de combustibles fossiles est un réel problème. Par conséquent, il est de plus en plus important de pouvoir détecter les produits falsifiés ou frauduleux, que ce soit pour les fabricants et distributeurs ou les consommateurs eux-mêmes.
La teneur en carbone biosourcé (analyse carbone 14) est un outil pour la détection des contrefaçons. En déterminant la quantité de carbone dans le produit qui provient de sources renouvelables par rapport aux sources fossiles, toute revendication biosourcée peut être vérifiée et toute falsification synthétique peut être détectée. Cette mesure de naturalité utilise la signature carbone 14, qui constitue le moyen le plus exact de déterminer la source naturelle par rapport à la source synthétique d’un produit.
Curcuma
Le curcuma est utilisé comme arôme ou colorant alimentaire, notamment comme composant du safran des Indes, mais il est également utilisé pour des applications thérapeutiques. La source naturelle du curcuma est la plante du même nom. Le mode de production du curcuma synthétique étant moins cher, il arrive que du curcuma étiqueté comme “naturel” ait été altéré avec des composants synthétiques.
L’analyse de la teneur biosourcée offre un moyen de détecter une éventuelle contrefaçon en déterminant si un produit est naturel ou synthétique ou si un produit naturel a été altéré avec un équivalent synthétique.
Etiquetage alimentaire
Selon la [U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) américaine (FDA), le terme “naturel” signifie qu’aucune substance artificielle ou synthétique (y compris tous les colorants quelle que soit leur origine) n’a été incluse ou ajoutée à un aliment. La FDA souligne que sa politique n’a pas pour objet de réglementer les méthodes de production alimentaire, telles que l’utilisation des pesticides. Elle n’aborde pas non plus explicitement la transformation alimentaire ou les méthodes de fabrication telles que les technologies thermiques, la pasteurisation ou l’irradiation. La FDA ne précise pas non plus si le terme “naturel” doit décrire les bienfaits nutritionnels ou les bienfaits sur la santé.
## Beta Analytic fournit des analyses rapides de l’origine des produits naturels
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 fournit des analyses carbone 14 qui permettent de déterminer le pourcentage de la teneur synthétique par rapport à la teneur naturelle des aliments et compléments alimentaires. Le laboratoire fournit les résultats sous 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Basé à Miami en Floride, Beta Analytic reporte les résultats selon les normes internationales ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2 8.3.2 : teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total ou carbone organique total. Pour toute demande, veuillez nous contacter à l’adresse <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
**Pour en savoir plus :**
[La méthode Food Chemicals Codex pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée des aliments](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/fcc.html)
---
### [Analyse Carbone-14 de la curcumine](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/curcumine-analyse.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La poudre du curcuma, obtenue à partir de la plante Curcuma longa, est composée de plusieurs curcuminoïdes différents, incluant la curcumine. Elle a une couleur jaune caractéristique et a plusieurs utilisations, notamment comme arôme, colorant, composé cosmétique et comme complément. Comme beaucoup d’autres ingrédients naturels, la curcimine est sujette à falsification avec des dérivés synthétiques issus de la pétrochimie et son authentification devient cruciale pour les fabricants et les producteurs.
## Falsification de la curcumine
La curcumine d’origine naturelle est extraite du curcuma. Cependant, ce procédé est plus coûteux que la production de curcumine synthétique à partir de composés dérivés du pétrole. Aujourd’hui, plusieurs voies possibles de production de curcumine synthétique sont des variations de la méthode de Pabon qui utilisait à l’origine de l’acétylacétone et de la vanilline. L’acétylacétone est produite industriellement à partir de dérivés pétrochimiques. La vanilline naturelle est rare et chère à produire, mais peut aussi être produite de façon synthétique à l’aide de la pétrochimie à un coût bien moins élevé.
L’utilisation de curcumine synthétique dans les formulations a des répercussions réglementaires potentielles. Les directives préliminaires d’août 2016 produites par l’agence américaine de surveillance des aliments et des médicaments (US Food and Drug Administration – FDA) traitant des nouveaux ingrédients alimentaires met en avant le fait que les produits synthétiques reproduisant des herbes et plantes sont différents des originaux naturels et de ce fait, ne sont pas qualifiés d’ingrédients alimentaires suivant l’alinéa 201(ff)(1)(C) de la loi fédérale sur les aliments, les médicaments et les cosmétiques.
Etant donné les implications réglementaires et les tentations économiques liées à la falsification, et un marché de la curcumine annoncé comme atteignant les 100 millions de dollars en 2023, la capacité de détecter de façon certaine la présence de toute trace de curcumine synthétique est importante pour les fabricants et les producteurs. Une authentification additionnelle de l’origine naturelle procure un outil de communication efficace pour gagner la confiance des consommateurs.
## Détecter les falsifications avec l’analyse Carbone-14
L’analyse Carbone-14 a été reconnue pour son efficacité comme outil précis pour détecter les falsifications de la curcumine naturelle avec son pendant synthétique dérivé de la pétrochimie. Selon l’American Botanical Council:
Le remplacement de la curcumine naturelle par de la curcumine synthétique est une pratique délibérée qui échappe à la plupart des tests spectroscopiques et analytiques. La mesure isotopique du carbone, qui nécessite un spectromètre de masse par accélérateur sophistiqué pour mesurer le C14 dans l’échantillon, est la méthode la plus efficace pour déterminer si la curcumine est d’origine végétale ou d’origine synthétique. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
Le Carbone-14, un isotope instable et faiblement radioactif du carbone, entre dans le cycle du carbone dès sa formation continuelle dans la haute atmosphère. Par conséquent, comme tout organisme vivant ou récemment vivant fait partie du cycle du carbone, il a une quantité connue de Carbone-14. Ce radioisotope se désintègre au cours du temps, et le pétrole et ces dérivés sont trop vieux pour contenir aucune trace de Carbone-14. C’est pour ceci que mesurer le contenu en Carbone-14 donne une indication claire du contenu naturel (biosourcé) d’un matériau comme la curcumine.
## Beta Analytic – un laboratoire de test de produits naturels
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO 17025 fournit des analyses de l’origine des produits naturels rapides et de haute qualité en utilisant la méthode du carbone 14 selon deux normes – ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2, qui fournit la teneur en carbone biosourcé comme une fraction du carbone total (TC) ou carbone organique total (COT). Les résultats sont disponibles en 5 à 7 jours ouvrés, et sont accessibles en ligne en tout temps, incluant les rapports qualité et des photos des échantillons. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Pour toute demande, merci de contacter Beta Analytic à [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") ou appeler pour obtenir [un service local](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "un service local").
Bibliographie:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) Mai 2018 (disponible depuis Juin 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). Juin 2017 (disponible depuis août 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). Août 2016 (disponible depuis juillet 2017).
*Dernière mise à jour en juin 2021*
---
### [Análisis del contenido de origen biológico – Una herramienta para detectar falsificaciones](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/alimentos.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Los productos naturales se han vuelto cada vez más populares, y mientras esta tendencia continúa, la necesidad de una herramienta confiable para detectar falsificaciones es de mayor importancia. Los productos obtenidos de fuentes naturales son más costosos que sus equivalentes sintéticos, por lo que la adulteración o uso fraudulento de la versión artificial más barata, usualmente derivada de combustibles fósiles, es un problema en la industria. Por lo tanto, poder detectar productos adulterados o fraudulentos se ha vuelto cada vez más importante para todos los interesados en la cadena de suministro, desde los fabricantes y distribuidores hasta los consumidores mismos.
El análisis del contenido de origen biológico (análisis de carbono 14) es una herramienta para detectar fraudes. Al determinar la cantidad de carbono en un producto que proviene de fuentes renovables y no de derivados de combustibles fósiles, cualquier declaración de contenido de base biológica puede verificarse y la adulteración sintética detectarse. El análisis del contenido de origen biológico utiliza registros de carbono 14, el método más preciso para diferenciar las fuentes naturales de las sintéticas en un producto.
Curcumina
Además de usarse como saborizante y colorante de alimentos, especialmente como componente de la cúrcuma, la curcumina también tiene aplicaciones terapéuticas. La fuente natural de la curcumina es la cúrcuma. En virtud de que la producción sintética es más barata, se han presentado casos en los que la curcumina etiquetada como “natural” ha sido adulterada con componentes sintéticos.
El análisis del contenido de origen biológico ofrece un método de detección de falsificaciones para determinar si un producto es natural o sintético o si el producto natural ha sido adulterado con una contraparte sintética.
Etiquetado de alimentos
La [Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) (FDA por sus siglas en inglés) utiliza el término “natural” para indicar que ningún componente artificial o sintético (incluyendo todos los aditivos de color independientemente de la fuente) ha sido incluido o agregado a un alimento. La FDA resalta que su política no tuvo la intención de abordar los métodos de producción de alimentos, como el uso de pesticidas, ni tampoco abordar de manera explícita los métodos de procesamiento o elaboración de alimentos como las tecnologías termales, la pasteurización o la irradiación. La FDA tampoco consideró si el término “natural” debería describir algún beneficio nutricional o para la salud.
## El rápido análisis del origen de productos naturales de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, proporciona análisis de carbono 14 para determinar el porcentaje de contenido natural con respecto al sintético de suplementos alimenticios y dietéticos. El laboratorio entrega los resultados en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Ubicado en Miami, el laboratorio comunica los resultados conforme a las normas internacionales ASTM D6866 o ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenido de carbono de origen biológico como fracción del carbono total o del carbono orgánico total. Para consultas, escríbanos al correo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
**Lecturas recomendadas:**
[El método Food Chemicals Codex para analizar el contenido de origen biológico de los alimentos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/fcc.html)
---
### [Análisis de Carbono-14 de curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/curcumina-analisis.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El polvo de cúrcuma, elaborado a partir de la planta Curcuma longa, se compone de varios y diferentes curcuminoides, entre ellos la curcumina. Tiene un color amarillo característico y se utiliza como saborizante, colorante, ingrediente en productos cosméticos y como suplemento. Como en el caso de otros ingredientes naturales, la curcumina es objeto de adulteración con sintéticos derivados de petróleo, y su autenticación se ha vuelto esencial para productores y proveedores.
## Adulteración de curcumina
La curcumina obtenida de manera natural se extrae de la cúrcuma. Sin embargo, este proceso es más costoso que la producción de curcumina sintética elaborada a partir de compuestos derivados del petróleo. Actualmente muchos métodos de producción sintética de la curcumina son variaciones del método de Pabon, que en sus orígenes empleó acetona de acetilo y vainillina. La acetona de acetilo se produce industrialmente a partir de petroquímicos. La vainillina natural es escasa y costosa en su producción, pero también puede producirse sintéticamente con petroquímicos a un costo mucho más bajo.
El uso de la curcumina sintética en formulaciones químicas tiene posibles repercusiones normativas. El borrador de los lineamientos sobre ingredientes alimenticios de la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos (FDA por sus siglas en inglés), publicado en agosto de 2016, señala que las imitaciones sintéticas de hierbas o plantas no son lo mismo y, por lo tanto, no pueden catalogarse como ingredientes alimenticios conforme al apartado 201(ff)(1)(C) de la Ley Federal de Alimentos, Medicamentos y Cosméticos.
Considerando las implicaciones normativas y los incentivos económicos para la adulteración (se espera que el mercado de la curcumina alcance un valor de $100 millones para 2023), detectar de manera confiable la presencia de curcumina sintética es importante para productores y proveedores. La autenticidad de la fuente natural proporciona, además, una herramienta de mercadotecnia útil para ganar la confianza de los consumidores.
## Detectar la adulteración mediante análisis de Carbono-14
El análisis de Carbono-14 ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para detectar la adulteración de la curcumina natural con la versión sintética derivada de petroquímicos. De acuerdo con el Consejo Americano de Botánica (American Botanical Council):
La sustitución de curcumina natural por curcumina sintética es una práctica deliberada que pasa desapercibida por la mayoría de los ensayos espectroscópicos y analíticos. La medición de isótopos de carbono, la cual requiere de un sofisticado espectrómetro de masas con aceleradores para medir el C14 en la muestra, es el método más efectivo para determinar si el material de curcumina tiene un origen vegetal o sintético. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
El Carbono-14, un isótopo de carbono inestable y débilmente radiactivo, ingresa al ciclo del carbono desde su formación continua en la atmósfera superior. Dado que la materia viva o de existencia reciente es parte del ciclo del carbono, tiene una cantidad conocida de Carbono-14. Este radioisótopo se degrada con el tiempo, mientras el petróleo y sus derivados son tan antiguos que no contienen Carbono-14. Por lo tanto, medir el contenido de Carbono-14 ofrece una indicación clara del contenido natural (de base biológica) de un material como la curcumina.
## Beta Analytic – Laboratorio de análisis de productos naturales
Beta Analytic, laboratorio acreditado por la norma ISO 17025, realiza análisis rápidos y de alta calidad de productos naturales mediante análisis de Carbono-14, conforme a dos normas – ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2, las cuales miden el contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono total (TC por sus siglas en inglés) o del carbono orgánico total (TOC). Los resultados se entregan en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables y pueden consultarse las 24 horas del día en línea, incluyendo los informes de garantía de calidad y las fotografías de las muestras. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Para consultas, contacte a Beta Analytic al correo [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") o llame a su [oficina de reenvío local](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "oficina de reenvío local").
Referencias:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/). Mayo de 2018 (página consultada en junio de 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). Junio de 2017 (página consultada en agosto de 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). Agosto de 2016 (página consultada en julio de 2017).
*Última actualización: Junio de 2021*
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### [Analisi del contenuto naturale - Uno strumento per individuare i prodotti contraffatti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/alimenti.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La popolarità dei prodotti naturali è in continuo aumento, e lo sviluppo di questo trend determina una crescente necessità di uno strumento affidabile per la rilevazione della contraffazione. I prodotti derivati da fonti naturali sono più costosi dei loro equivalenti sintetici, perciò l’adulterazione o l’uso fraudolento delle alternative artificiali più economiche, solitamente derivate da fonti fossili, costituisce un problema per l’industria. Per questo motivo, essere in grado di identificare i prodotti adulterati o fraudolenti è sempre più importante per gli stakeholder della catena di distribuzione, dai produttori e i distributori ai consumatori stessi.
L’analisi del contenuto naturale (analisi al carbonio-14) è uno strumento per l’identificazione dei prodotti contraffatti. Attraverso la misurazione della quantità di carbonio derivante da fonti rinnovabili invece che da combustibili fossili, qualsiasi dichiarazione relativa al contenuto naturale può essere verificata e le adulterazioni con composti sintetici possono essere rilevate. L’analisi del contenuto biobased si basa sulla firma isotopica del carbonio-14, il metodo più accurato per la determinazione delle fonti, sintetiche o naturali, dei prodotti.
Curcumina
Oltre ad essere utilizzata come aroma e colorante alimentare, in quanto componente della curcuma, la curcumina viene sfruttata per le sue proprietà terapeutiche. La fonte naturale della curcumina è la pianta della curcuma. Poiché il processo di produzione sintetica è più economico, in alcuni casi la curcumina etichettata come “naturale” è stata adulterata con sostanze sintetiche.
L’analisi del contenuto naturale rappresenta un metodo per l’identificazione delle contraffazioni, in grado di determinare se un prodotto è naturale o sintetico o se il prodotto naturale è stato adulterato con una sostanza sintetica.
Etichettatura degli alimenti
Secondo la [U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) , il termine “naturale” significa che un alimento non contiene alcun componente artificiale o sintetico (inclusi tutti i coloranti a prescindere dalla fonte). La FDA sottolinea che la sua normativa non riguarda i metodi di coltivazione degli alimenti, ad esempio l’uso di pesticidi, né riguarda esplicitamente la lavorazione degli alimenti o i metodi di produzione, ad esempio i trattamenti termici, la pastorizzazione o l’irraggiamento. Inoltre, secondo la FDA il termine “naturale” non implica un beneficio nutrizionale o altri benefici per la salute.
## Le analisi rapide di Beta Analytic per la verifica delle fonti dei prodotti naturali
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e fornisce servizi di analisi del carbonio-14, per determinare il contenuto percentuale naturale in rapporto a quello sintetico negli alimenti e negli integratori alimentari. Il laboratorio consegna i risultati in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. Il laboratorio, con sede a Miami, riporta i risultati secondo gli standard internazionali ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale. Per informazioni, inviare un’email all’indirizzo <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
**Letture consigliate:**
[Metodo del Food Chemical Codex (FCC) per l’analisi del contenuto naturale degli alimenti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/fcc.html)
---
### [Analisi al carbonio-14 della curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/curcumina-analisi.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La polvere di curcuma, prodotta a partire dalla pianta Curcuma longa, è costituita da diversi curcuminoidi, tra cui la curcumina. Ha un caratteristico colore giallo e viene utilizzata come aroma, colorante, ingrediente cosmetico e integratore. Come molti altri ingredienti naturali, la curcumina è soggetta ad adulterazione con sostanze sintetiche derivate dal petrolio e la sua autenticazione è diventata cruciale per i produttori e i fornitori di questo prodotto.
## Adulterazione della curcumina
La curcumina naturale viene estratta dalla curcuma. Questo processo è però più costoso rispetto alla produzione della curcumina per via sintetica a partire da composti derivati dal petrolio. Molti dei metodi di produzione sintetica della curcumina attualmente utilizzati sono variazioni del metodo di Pabon, che prevede l’uso di acetilacetone e vanillina. L’acetilacetone viene prodotto industrialmente a partire da sostanze petrolchimiche. La vanillina naturale è scarsamente disponibile e costosa, ma la vanillina può essere prodotta anche per via sintetica a un costo molto inferiore.
L’uso di curcumina sintetica nelle formulazioni può avere ripercussioni legali. Le linee guida abbozzate, ad agosto 2016, dalla US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) riguardo ai nuovi ingredienti alimentari evidenziano che le sostanze sintetiche che imitano gli estratti vegetali non sono identiche a questi e perciò non sono idonee ad essere utilizzate come ingredienti alimentari secondo la sezione 201(ff)(1)(C) del Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Date le implicazioni legali ed economiche dell’adulterazione, nonché le previsioni di crescita del mercato della curcumina fino a 100 milioni di dollari entro il 2023, essere in grado di rilevare la presenza della curcumina sintetica è importante per produttori e fornitori. L’autenticazione delle fonti naturali costituisce inoltre uno strumento di marketing utile a guadagnare la fiducia dei consumatori.
## Rilevare la contaminazione con l’analisi al carbonio-14
L’analisi al carbonio-14 si è dimostrata uno strumento accurato per il rilevamento dell’adulterazione della curcumina naturale con il corrispettivo sintetico derivato dal petrolio. Secondo l’American Botanical Council:
La sostituzione della curcumina naturale con la curcumina sintetica è un atto deliberato che elude la maggior parte dei test analitici e spettroscopici. La misurazione degli isotopi del carbonio, che richiede l’uso di un sofisticato spettrometro di massa con acceleratore per l’analisi del 14C, è il metodo più efficace per determinare se un campione di curcumina deriva da fonti vegetali o fossili. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
Il carbonio-14, un isotopo instabile e debolmente radioattivo del carbonio, entra nel ciclo del carbonio attraverso la sua continua formazione nell’alta atmosfera. Poiché gli organismi vivi o vissuti recentemente fanno parte del ciclo del carbonio, contengono una quantità nota di carbonio-14. Questo radioisotopo decade col tempo: il petrolio e i suoi derivati sono infatti di origine così antica che il carbonio-14 è completamente assente. Misurare il carbonio-14 fornisce quindi un’indicazione precisa del contenuto naturale (biobased) di una sostanza come la curcumina.
## Beta Analytic – Laboratorio di analisi dei prodotti naturali
Il laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Beta Analytic effettua analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali rapide e di alta qualità secondo gli standard ASTM D6866 o ISO 16620-2, che indicano il contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale (TC) o del carbonio organico totale (TOC). I risultati vengono consegnati entro 5-7 giorni lavorativi, sono disponibili online 24/7 e includono i report di Garanzia di Qualità e le foto dei campioni. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. Per informazioni, contattare Beta Analytic all’indirizzo [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta") o chiamare un [ufficio spedizioni locale](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "ufficio spedizioni locale").
Riferimenti:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) Maggio 2018 (consultato ad giugno 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). Giugno 2017 (consultato ad agosto 2017)
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). Agosto 2016 (consultato a luglio 2017).
*Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2021*
---
### [Análise por carbono-14 de curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/curcumina-analise.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O pó de açafrão, proveniente da planta Curcuma longa, consiste de diferentes curcuminóides, dentre as quais a curcumina. Ele apresenta uma distinta coloração amarela e proporciona muitos usos, como em aromas, coloração, ingredientes de cosméticos e suplementos. Assim como ocorre com muitos outros ingredientes naturais, a curcumina está sujeita à adulteração com sintéticos derivados do petróleo, e sua autenticidade é cada vez mais importante para fabricantes e fornecedores.
## Adulteração de curcumina
A curcumina proveniente de fontes naturais é extraída do açafrão. No entanto, esse processo é mais caro do que a produção de curcumina a partir de compostos derivados do petróleo. No momento, muitas das rotas da produção sintética de curcumina são variações do método de Pabon, que originalmente utilizava acetilacetona e vanilina. A acetilacetona é produzida industrialmente com petroquímicos. A vanilina natural é escassa e cara de produzir, mas também pode ser fabricada sinteticamente a partir de petroquímicos a um preço muito mais baixo.
O uso de curcumina sintética em fórmulas está sujeito a potenciais repercussões regulatórias. O projeto de diretrizes de agosto de 2016 da U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA – Administração de alimentos e medicamentos dos Estados Unidos) sobre novos ingredientes dietéticos enfatiza que imitações de ervas e plantas não são a mesma coisa que ervas e plantas e, portanto, não poderão ser qualificadas como ingredientes dietéticos, segundo o parágrafo 201(ff)(1)(C) da lei federal de alimentos, medicamentos e cosméticos.
Com as implicações regulatórias e o incentivo econômico à adulteração, e com a previsão de que o mercado de curcumina atingirá $100 milhões em 2023, é importante que fabricantes e fornecedores sejam capazes de detectar, de forma segura, a presença de quaisquer traços de curcumina sintética. Além disso, a autenticação de proveniência natural apresenta-se também como uma útil ferramenta de marketing, para conquistar a confiança dos consumidores.
## Detectar adulterações com a análise por carbono-14
A análise por carbono-14 é uma ferramenta comprovadamente precisa para detectar a adulteração da curcumina natural com sua versão sintética derivada de petroquímicos. Segundo o American Botanical Council:
A substituição de cúrcuma natural com cúrcuma sintética é uma prática deliberada que engana a maioria dos testes espectroscópicos e analíticos. A medição isotópica de carbono, que requer um sofisticado espectrômtero de massa com aceleradores para medir o teor de C14 da amostra, é o método mais eficaz para determinar se o material de cúrcuma é derivado de plantas ou se é de origem sintética. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
O carbono-14, isótopo de carbono instável e levemente radioativo, começa o ciclo de carbono desde sua formação continuada na atmosfera superior. Assim, como plantas e animais respirantes – ou que respiravam até recentemente – fazem parte do ciclo de carbono, eles terão um teor conhecido de carbono-14. Os níveis do radioisótopo decai com o tempo; o petróleo e seus derivados são antigos demais para apresentar quaisquer traços de carbono-14. Dessa forma, medir o teor de carbono-14 oferece uma indicação clara do conteúdo natural (de base biológica) de um material como a curcumina.
## Beta Analytic – um laboratório de análises de produtos naturais
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO 17025 e oferece análises rápidas e de alta qualidade para testar a proveniência de produtos naturais com o uso do carbono-14, segundo dois padrões – ISO 16620-2 ou ASTM D6866, que reportam o conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração do carbono total (TC) ou do carbono orgânico total (TOC). Os resultados são entregues em 5-7 dias úteis, e podem ser acessados online 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, com relatórios de garantia de qualidade e fotografias das amostras. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Para consultas, por favor contate o Beta Analytic através de [US.Info.Beta@sgs.com](mailto:US.Info.Beta@sgs.com "Email Beta"), ou telefone para um de nossos [escritórios locais de encaminhamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Beta local forwarding office").
Referências:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) Maio de 2018 (página acessada em junho de 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). Junho de 2017 (página acessada em agosto de 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). Agosto de 2016 (página acessada em julho de 2017).
*Última atualização: Junho de 2021*
---
### [Análise de conteúdo de base biológica – uma ferramenta para detectar falsificações](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/alimentos.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A popularidade dos produtos naturais tem aumentado cada vez mais, e enquanto essa tendência continuar, é prevalente a demanda por uma ferramenta confiável para a detecção de falsificações. Os produtos de fontes naturais são mais caros que seus equivalentes sintéticos, portanto, a adulteração ou uso fraudulento das versões mais baratas e artificiais, normalmente derivadas de combustíveis fósseis, apresenta um problema para a indústria. Como resultado, a possibilidade de detectar produtos adulterados ou fraudulentos tornou-se um imperativo para as partes interessadas por toda a cadeia de suprimentos, desde os fabricantes e distribuidores até os próprios consumidores.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica (análise por carbono-14) é uma ferramenta para a detecção de falsificações. Ao determinar no produto a quantidade de carbono derivado de fontes renováveis em relação às fontes de combustíveis fósseis, é possível verificar qualquer declaração de teor de base biológica, e detectar adulterações. A análise de conteúdo de base biológica utiliza registros de carbono-14, a forma mais precisa para se determinar as fontes naturais e sintéticas de um produto.
Curcumina
Além de seu uso como aromatizante e corante, notavelmente como componente da cúrcuma, a curcumina está também presente em aplicações terapêuticas. A fonte natural da curcumina é o açafrão-da-terra. Como a produção sintética é mais barata, há ocorrências de cúrcuma rotulada como “natural” ser adulterada com componentes sintéticos.
A análise de conteúdo de base biológica oferece um método de detecção de falsificações para determinar se o produto é natural ou sintético, ou se o produto foi adulterado com um equivalente sintético.
Rotulagem de alimentos
A [U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) (FDA) considera o termo “natural” para demonstrar que nada artificial ou sintético (inclusive todos os aditivos corantes, independente da origem) é contido ou foi adicionado a um alimento. A FDA enfatiza que sua política não tem como intenção ajuizar os métodos de produção de alimentos, como o uso de pesticidas, e nem explicitamente visar os métodos de processamento ou fabricação, como tecnologias térmicas, pasteurização, ou irradiação. A FDA também não considera se o termo “natural” deve descrever qualquer benefício nutricional ou de saúde.
## Análises rápidas de produtos de origem natural pelo Beta Analytic
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e oferece análises de carbono-14 para determinar a porcentagem do conteúdo natural e sintético em alimentos e suplementos dietéticos. O laboratório apresenta os resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Sediado em Miami, o Beta Analytic fornece relatórios de resultados de acordo com os padrões internacionais ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração de carbono total ou de carbono orgânico total. Para mais informações, envie um email para <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>.
**Para saber mais:**
[O método Código de Produtos Químicos Alimentícios (FCC) e o conteúdo de base biológica de alimentos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/fcc.html)
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 9, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 19984 – Biobased Content Testing of Rubber
Measuring % Biobased Carbon vs % Fossil Carbon
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
- ISO 19984-2:2025 measures the biobased carbon content of rubber and rubber products via radiocarbon analysis.
- SGS Beta provides fast and accurate biobased testing in accordance with the specifications of ISO 19984-2.
## ISO 19984 Standard for Rubber
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has published a series of standards focused on the biobased carbon content in rubber and rubber products, including polyurethanes. One of the standards is:
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content
This ISO standard is applicable only to raw materials and finished products made of rubber. For more details, please refer to the published copy on the ISO website — [ISO 19984-2:2025, Part 2: Biobased carbon content](https://www.iso.org/standard/86606.html) (available for a fee).
---
SGS Beta is not affiliated with the International Organization for Standardization.
---
## SGS Beta’s High-Quality ISO 19984-2 Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta provides biobased content testing as described under ISO 19984-2. The lab uses **accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)** to determine the biobased carbon content of rubber, including raw materials and finished products.
SGS Beta routinely reports results in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. [Quality assurance reports](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html "Quality assurance reports") are provided with results.
Customer service is available in English, Chinese (Traditional and Simplified), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish.
### Test Results Clarification
SGS Beta offers ISO 19984-2 testing ONLY. The Miami-based lab DOES NOT OFFER ISO 19984-3 testing for rubber (Biobased mass content).
### Shipping Addresses
Previously known as Beta Analytic, the SGS Beta lab accepts samples at [several forwarding offices worldwide](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "SGS Forwarding Offices").
Contact us anytime if you have any questions – email <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com>, call [(+1) 305-662-7760](tel:(+1)%20305-662-7760), or get in touch using [this form](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html "Contact Us form").
#### Ready to submit rubber materials for ISO 19984 testing?
[Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
Page last updated: November 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/astm-d7833.html)
**Published:** June 1, 2026
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# ASTM D7833 – Chromatographic Analysis of Gas Mixtures
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
ASTM D7833 is a standard test method for the detection and quantification of hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon gases in gaseous mixtures through gas chromatography (GC), using a combination of thermal conductivity detectors (TCD) and a flame ionization detector (FID). GC is used for the hydrocarbon gas/fuel gas and [methane radiocarbon dating service](https://www.radiocarbon.com/methane-analysis.htm) to confirm concentration of target gas and potential air intrusion prior to isotopic analysis.
This method applies to non-condensed hydrocarbon gases with carbon numbers from C1 to C5+ and non-hydrocarbon gases, such as H2, CO2, O2, N2, and CO, in gaseous samples. Hydrogen sulfide can be detected but ASTM D7833 may not be able to accurately quantify it.
Calibrated gas compositions include oxygen/argon, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, i-butane, n-butane, i-pentane, n-pentane, C6+, among others.
For details, please see the official page: [ASTM D7833 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons and Non-Hydrocarbon Gases in Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography.](https://store.astm.org/d7833-20.html)
## Gas Samples Accepted for ASTM D7833 Testing
See below the approximate low concentration and high concentration ranges of the following gas samples. Analytical standards are measured and reported within 2% of the average concentration of each component. Final reports are normalized to 100%.
| **Compound** | **Low Concentration** | **High Concentration** |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrogen | 500 ppm | 30% |
| Oxygen/Argon | 500 ppm | 30% |
| Nitrogen | 500 ppm | 30% |
| Carbon Monoxide | 500 ppm | 20% |
| Carbon Dioxide | 500 ppm | 20% |
| Hydrogen Sulfide | 1000 ppm | 2% |
| C6+ Composite | 10 ppm | 40% |
| Methane | 1 ppm | 90% |
| Ethane | 1 ppm | 90% |
| Ethylene | 1 ppm | 90% |
| Propane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Propylene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Acetylene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Isobutane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Propadiene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| n-butane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Trans-2-butene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| 1-butene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Isobutylene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Cis-2-butene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Neopentane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Cyclopentane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Isopentane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| Methyl acetylene | 1 ppm | 50% |
| n-pentane | 1 ppm | 50% |
| 1,3-butadiene | 1 ppm | 50% |
## Ready to submit samples for testing?
Email <US.Info.Beta@sgs.com> or your Account Manager to receive SGS Beta’s Hydrocarbon Gas Questionnaire. Submit this questionnaire and wait for the laboratory’s approval before sending gas samples to the lab in Miami, Florida.
#### We offer standard and priority services for ASTM D7833 testing of gases.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: June 2026
---
### [SGS Green Marks 바이오기반 인증](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/sgs-green-marks-biobased.html)
**Published:** June 27, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
B바이오기반 함량은 SGS Green Marks라고도 알려진 SGS Environmental Claim Certification Scheme (ECCS)의 여러 종류 중 하나입니다. SGS ECCS의 다른 종류와 마찬가지로 바이오기반 함량은 과학적 증거에 기반을 둔 제품 범위와 기준이 명확하게 정의되어 있습니다.
인증 마크에는 SGS Green Marks 로고, “Biobased” 제도 이름, 재료 또는 제품의 바이오기반 탄소 비율, 바이오기반 탄소 함량 측정 표준 방법(예: [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html). 이 기재됩니다.
## **요약 정보:**
| 제품 범위 | – 플라스틱 소재 또는 제품 – SGS ECCS 팀에서 검토한 그외 고체 또는 액체 시료 |
|---|---|
| 일반 요구 사항 | 검사 대상 물질 또는 제품에 최소한 다음 사항이 포함되어야 합니다: – 건조 질량 기준 총 유기 탄소 30% – 다음의 표준 실험 방법을 사용하여 측정한 20% 바이오기반 탄소 함량 [ASTM D6686](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html), EN 16640 또는 [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html) 플라스틱. 정성 분석은 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 또는 승인된 실험실에서 제안하는 기타 분석 방법을 통해 수행되야 합니다. |
| 인증 유효 기간 | 5년 |
| 준수 감시 요구 사항 | 두 번의 감시 실험을 준비해야 합니다. 바이오기반 탄소 함량 테스트 및 정성 분석은 인증서 발급 후 19~20개월과 39~40개월 사이에 수행해야 합니다. SGS 인증팀은 인증서 발급 후 18개월째와 38개월째에 테스트를 위한 시료 제출을 고객에게 통보합니다. |
SGS ECCS 바이오기반 함량 분석은 바이오기반 탄소 실험** 및 정성 분석에 대해 ISO 017025 인증 있는 실험실에서 진행해야 합니다. 이 바이오기반 라벨 신청 방법 대한 자세한 내용은 [SGS Green Marks에](https://www.sgs.com/en-us/services/sgs-green-marks).
## **SGS 베타의 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험**
[ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 받은 SGS Beta는](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) ASTM D6866, EN 16640 및 ISO 16620-2 표준을 사용하여 정확하고 정밀한 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험 서비스를 제공합니다. 플로리다 마이애미에 소재한 본 연구소는 유럽(독일, 스페인, 영국)과 아시아(중국, 일본, 한국, 대만)에 시료 발송를 두고 있습니다.
고객이 선택한 서비스에 따라 영업일 기준 4~7일 이내에 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험**, 결과를 제공합니다.
SGS 베타는 SGS Green Marks의 바이오기반 제도에 따라 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험 승인 실험실입니다. [수수료, 처리 시간 및 기타 정보에 대한 자세한 내용은 문의 바랍니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)[. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)가격 견적을 요청하려면 [이 양식을](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html).
---
페이지 최근 업데이트: 2025년 3월
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Envíe sus muestras para el análisis de origen biológico
1
## Prepare el tamaño de muestra y contenedor
**NO envíe más de lo que se requiere.** En caso de enviar exceso de productos químicos y líquidos con alto contenido petroquímico, se cobrará una tarifa de eliminación de $500 USD por muestra.
TIPO DE MUESTRA
Pieza destinada a la venta o submuestra aplicable (por ejemplo, bolsa de plástico)
Pellets de plástico
Cubiertos/utensilios
Muestras de componentes múltiples o multicolor (por ejemplo, juguetes, cepillos de dientes, pañales, compresas)
CANTIDAD
0,1 a 1 oz / 2,8 a 20 gramos MÁXIMO
ÚNICAMENTE de 5 a 10 gramos
Al menos dos artículos de cada tipo, por ejemplo, 2 cucharas
Póngase en contacto con nosotros antes de enviar sus muestras
CONTENEDORES RECOMENDADOS
Bolsas Ziploc
Líquidos con compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) (por ejemplo, productos químicos, disolventes, lubricantes, aceites, y líquidos con alto contenido de carbono petroquímico)
Líquidos SIN COV y con al menos un 10% de contenido de carbono
Otros líquidos
1 ml / 1 cc (vial completamente lleno, sin espacio de aire)
0,25 a 0,5 ml / 0,25 a 0,5 cc (vial lleno entre ¼ y ½)
10 ml / 10 cc (vial medio lleno)
Un vial para micromuestras de vidrio de **1-2 mL** con tapa de rosca y tabique recubierto de teflón.
Alternativa: viales con tapa de rosca y septo con recubrimiento de teflón.
Viales de vidrio de **20 mL** con un revestimiento interno no reactivo, fabricado en silicona, teflón u otro material químicamente inerte.
\* Para conocer los requisitos específicos de SGS Beta para contenedores de líquidos, consulte nuestra página de [**Preguntas Frecuentes (FAQ)**](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html). También puede encontrar más ejemplos [aquí](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1).
---
### NOTA:
**Hoja de Seguridad (SDS/MSDS)** – las muestras químicas deben incluir su correspondiente hoja de seguridad (SDS/MSDS). Es necesario que tengamos una copia archivada. Puede enviarla por correo electrónico a su gestor de cuenta de SGS Beta o cargarla directamente en su formulario de datos en línea.
**Material de embalaje** – al enviar viales, puede utilizar vermiculita de grano grueso u otros materiales de relleno a base de papel.
**Embalaje** – envíe las muestras en cajas resistentes, no en sobres, para evitar que se dañen o aplasten durante el transporte.
**Problemas de heterogeneidad** – para que el análisis sea significativo, el carbono analizado debe ser representativo de todo el producto. El resultado en sí sólo se aplica a los materiales analizados. Los materiales heterogéneos deben discutirse con el laboratorio antes del análisis para garantizar que el material analizado es representativo de todo el producto.
[SGS Beta no acepta muestras con isótopos artificiales.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/laboratorio-libre-de-marcadores.html)
2
## Decida el plazo de entrega y envíe el formulario
#### ¿Qué tan rápido necesita los resultados?
**Servicio estándar** – los resultados se entregan en 7 días laborables o menos
**Servicio prioritario** – 4 días laborables o menos
#### Complete correctamente el formulario de envío
Utilice el [formulario “Muestras de análisis biobasado y programa USDA”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/).
Háganos saber si sus muestras tienen componentes volátiles o carbonatos. Para garantizar la exactitud de los resultados, es preciso discutir sobre sus muestras antes del análisis.
3
## Envíe las muestras a Miami o a la oficina de envío más cercana
[Consulte la dirección completa de SGS Beta y la lista de oficinas de reenvío disponibles en el Reino Unido, Europa, China, Japón, Corea y Taiwán](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html#ShippingAddresses)
Por favor, cuando envíe muestras directamente a Estados Unidos, asegúrese de que la compañía de transporte que elija se haga cargo de despachar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense.
Importante: Beta no cubre gastos de importación, aranceles ni impuestos asociados a los envíos de los clientes. Estos costos son responsabilidad exclusiva del remitente. En caso de que se generen cargos aduaneros a nombre de SGS Beta, se facturará al cliente una tarifa administrativa de $50 USD, además del importe total de los gastos aduaneros. SGS Beta no gestionará reclamaciones ante la empresa de mensajería en relación con estos cargos.
Para evitar costos imprevistos o retrasos en el envío, recomendamos utilizar el método DDP (Delivered Duty Paid / Entrega con Derechos Pagados) siempre que sea posible, de modo que todos los gastos aduaneros sean prepagados por el remitente.
Para obtener información sobre alguna de nuestras oficinas de envío internacionales, [póngase en contacto con nosotros](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html) antes de enviar sus muestras.
Le enviaremos un correo para confirmar la llegada de sus muestras y proporcionar una fecha estimada de entrega de resultados. Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente (laborable). El tiempo de entrega solicitado comienza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana.
Para más información, le invitamos a consultar nuestra página de Preguntas Frecuentes (FAQ), donde encontrará detalles sobre [envíos de minimis](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) y [declaración de aduanas](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
SOLICITAR PRESUPUESTO
#### Ofrecemos servicios estándar y prioritarios para el análisis de carbono de origen biológico/biogénico.
[Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última actualización de la página: Marzo de 2026
---
### [Quer enviar amostras para a análise de teor biobaseado?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Quer enviar amostras para a análise de teor biobaseado?
1
## Preparação de amostra e recipientes requeridos
Não envie mais do que o necessário. Serão cobrados US$500 por taxa de descarte de amostras para excesso de produtos químicos e líquidos com alto teor petroquímico.
TIPO DE AMOSTRA
Peça de varejo ou subamostra aplicável, por exemplo: saco plástico
Pellets de plástico
Talheres/utensílios
Amostras multicoloridas ou de componentes múltiplos (por exemplo, brinquedos, escova de dentes, fraldas, absorventes)
QUANTIDADE DE MATERIAL
0,1 a 1 oz / 2,8 a 20 gramas MÁXIMO
APENAS 5 a 10 gramas
pelo menos dois itens de cada tipo, por exemplo, duas colheres
Por favor entre em contato antes de enviar amostras.
EMBALAGENS REQUERIDAS
Saco plástico com fecho zip
Líquidos com compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV), por exemplo, produtos químicos, solventes, lubrificantes, óleos, líquidos com elevado teor de carbono petroquímico
Líquidos sem VOCs e com um teor de carbono de pelo menos 10%.
Outros líquidos
1 ml / 1 cc (frasco cheio, sem espaço livre de ar))
0.25 to 0.5 ml / 0.25 to 0.5 cc (frasco ¼ – ½ cheio)
10 ml / 10 cc (frasco meio cheio)
 Frasco de vidro de **1 ml**, com tampa de pressão que tenha septo revestido de Teflon.
Alternativa: Frascos com tampa de rosca e septos revestidos de Teflon
 Frasco de vidro de **20 mL** com revestimento interno da tampa não reativo, feito de silicone e Teflon ou outro material quimicamente não reativo
\* Para mais informações sobre o recipiente exigido pela SGS Beta para líquidos, consulte as nossas [**página de FAQ**](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html). Também pode ver exemplos [aqui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1).
---
### OBSERVAÇÃO:
**SDS exigida** – Os produtos químicos devem incluir SDS/MSDS. Precisamos ter uma cópia em arquivo. Você pode enviar uma cópia por e-mail ao seu gerente de conta da SGS Beta ou carregá-la na sua ficha de dados online.
**Materiais de embalagem** – Ao enviar frascos, você pode utilizar vermiculita de granulometria grossa ou outros materiais de enchimento à base de papel.
**Embalagem** – Envie as amostras em caixas resistentes em vez de envelopes para proteger as amostras de serem esmagadas durante o envio.
**Questões de heterogeneidade** – para que a análise seja significativa, o carbono analisado deve ser representativo de todo o produto. O resultado em si só se aplica aos materiais analisados. Materiais heterogêneos devem ser discutidos com o laboratório antes da análise para garantir que seja representativo de todo o produto.
[O SGS Beta não aceita amostras com isótopos artificiais. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/livre-de-marcadores.html)
2
## Escolha o prazo para os resultados e, em seguida, envie um formulário.
#### Quando precisa dos resultados?
**Standard** – os resultados são reportados em até 7 dias úteis
**Priority** – até 4 dias úteis
#### Preencha o formulário de dados de amostras correspondente
Use o [formulário de “Produtos biobaseados e/ou para o USDA”.](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/).
Avise-nos se a sua amostra tem componentes voláteis ou carbonatos. Isso é necessário antes da análise para garantir resultados precisos.
3
## Envie as amostras para Miami ou para um escritório de expedição próximo
[Endereço completo da SGS Beta e lista de escritórios de expedição (Reino Unido, Europa, China, Japão, Coreia, Taiwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses#ShippingAddresses)
Em envios diretos para os Estados Unidos, a liberação de pacote na alfândega deverá ser de total responsabilidade da empresa de transporte.
Observação: A SGS Beta não cobre taxas alfandegárias de importação, impostos ou tributos para envios dos clientes. Estes encargos são da exclusiva responsabilidade do cliente. Para quaisquer taxas alfandegárias cobradas na conta da SGS Beta, o cliente será faturado com uma taxa administrativa de US$ 50. As taxas alfandegárias serão repassadas ao cliente, além da taxa administrativa. A SGS Beta não processará nenhuma reivindicação em nome do cliente junto à transportadora em relação às taxas.
Para evitar cobranças ou atrasos inesperados, recomendamos utilizar o envio DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) sempre que possível, para que todas as taxas alfandegárias sejam pagas antecipadamente pelo remetente.
Para obter instruções de envio para um de nossos escritórios, [entre em contato](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html) antes de enviar amostras.
Lhe enviaremos um email para confirmar a chegada segura de suas amostras em Miami e informar a data prevista para os resultados. Amostras recebidas após o horário de corte de 15:00 EST são cadastradas no dia útil seguinte. O prazo é contado a partir do dia seguinte em que recebemos as amostras, excluídos fins de semana.
Para mais informações, leia a nossa página de FAQ, por exemplo, sobre [transporte de minimis](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) e [declaração aduaneira](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
SOLICITAR PREÇOS
#### Oferecemos serviços padrão e prioritários para testes de carbono de base biológica.
[Entre em contato conosco](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Última atualização: março de 2026
---
### [바이오기반 함량 실험을 위한 시료 제출할 준비하기?](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# 바이오기반 함량 실험을 위한 시료 제출할 준비하기?
1
## 필요한 시료 크기 및 용기 준비하기
절대 필요 이상 보내지 마십시오. 초과되는 석유 화학 함량이 높은 화학물질 및 액체에 대해서는 시료 당 US500의 폐기 비용이 부과됩니다.
시료 유형
소매 판매 혹은 그에 해당하는 시료 (예: 플라스틱 백)
플라스틱 펠릿
식기류/식기
다양한 성분 또는 다양한 색상의 시료(예: 장난감, 칫솔, 기저귀, 생리대)
시료 량
0.1 – 1 oz / 2.8 – 20 그램
5-10 그램
각 종류 별로 최소 2개(예: 숟가락 2개)
시료 발송 전 연락 바랍니다.
필수 용기
지퍼락 백
휘발성 유기 화합물 (VOC) 이 포함된 액체 (예: 화학 물질, 용제, 윤활유, 오일, 석유화학 탄소 함량이 높은 액체)
VOC가 없고 탄소 함량이 10% 이상인 액체
기타 액체
1 ml / 1 cc (바이알 가득, 빈 공간 없음)
0.25 – 0.5 ml / 0.25 – 0.5 cc (바이알 ¼ — ½ 채움)
10 ml / 10 cc (바이알 반 채움)
 1 mL 유리 바이알 병
대안: 테프론 사의 라이닝 셉텀 뚜껑이 있는 스크류 탑 바이알
 실리콘과 테프론 또는 일부 화학적 무반응성 물질로 만든 무반응성 캡 라이너가 있는 20mL 유리 바이알
\* SGS Beta 연구소의 액체용 필수 용기에 대한 자세한 내용은 [**FAQ 페이지**](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html)를 참조하시기 바랍니다. [여기](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1)서도 일부 예를 볼 수 있습니다.
---
### 알림:
**SDS 필수** – 화학 물질에는 SDS/MSDS를 반드시 동봉해야 합니다. 우리는 사본을 보관해야 합니다. 사본을 SGS Beta 담당자에게 이메일로 보내거나 온라인 데이터시트에 업로드할 수 있습니다.
**포장재** – 바이알을 보낼 때는 거친 질석 또는 종이로 된 충전재가 포함된 재료를 사용할 수 있습니다.
**포장** – 배송 중에 시료가 부서지지 않게 봉투 대신 딱딱한 상자에 담아 시료를 보내주시기 바랍니다.
**균질성 문제** – 분석이 의미가 있으려면 분석된 탄소가 전체 제품을 대표해야 합니다. 결과 자체는 분석된 재료에만 적용됩니다. 분석된 재료가 전체 제품을 대표하는지 확인하기 위해 분석 전에 균질의 재료에 대해 실험실과 논의가 필요합니다.
[SGS Beta 연구소는 인공 동위원소가 함유된 시료를 받지 않습니다. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/tracer-free-lab.html)
2
## 신청서에 처리 시간을 결정해 제출합니다.
#### 보고서가 얼마나 빨리 필요한가?
**일반 서비스** – 7 영업일 이내 결과 보고.
**특급 서비스** – 4 영업일 이내 결과 보고.
#### 안내서를 올바르게 작성합니다.
[“Biobased & USDA Samples” 양식을 사용합니다. ](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/)
시료에 휘발성 성분 또는 탄산염이 있는지 통보합니다. 정확한 결과를 보장하기 위해 분석 전에 논의를 진행해야 합니다.
3
## 마이애미 또는 가까운 운송 시설로 시료를 보냅니다.
[SGS Beta 연구소의 미국 주소 및 각 지역 시료 취급 사무소 목록 (영국, 유럽, 중국, 일본, 한국, 대만)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
선택한 운송 회사가 시료를 미국 본사로 직접 보낼 때, 미국 세관 통관 시 전적인 책임을 지는지 확인합니다.
노트: SGS Beta 연구소는 고객 발송물에 대한 수입 통관 수수료, 관세 또는 세금을 지불하지 않습니다. 이들 요금은 전적으로 고객의 책임입니다. SGS Beta 연구소 계정에 부과되는 모든 통관 수수료에는 취급 수수료 미화 50달러를 청구합니다. 통관 수수료는 취급 수수료와 함께 고객에게 부과됩니다. SGS Beta 연구소는 수수료와 관련하여 고객을 대신하여 택배사에 어떠한 클레임도 처리하지 않습니다.
예상치 못한 비용이나 지연을 방지하려면 가능하면 DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 배송을 사용하여 모든 통관 수수료를 발송자가 선결제하는 것이 좋습니다.
이들 운송 사무소로 시료 보내는 방법에 대해서는 시료 발송 전 [당사에 문의합니다 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
시료가 도착하면 도착 확인 및 예상 결과 보고 일을 알려드리기 위해 이메일을 보내드립니다. 오후 3시(동부 표준시) 마감 시간 이후에 받은 시료는 영업일 기준 다음 날에 기록됩니다. 예상 결과 보고 일은 시료를 받은 날부터 주말을 제외하고 시작됩니다.
예를 들어[극소량 발송](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) 및 [세관 신고](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html#collapseFourteen17) 같은 자세한 내용에 대해서는 FAQ 페이지를 참조하시기 바랍니다.
가격 요청
#### 바이오기반 탄소 실험에는 일반 및 특급 서비스를 제공합니다.
[연락주시기 바랍니다.](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
최종 업데이트: 2026년 3월
---
### [バイオベース含有量試験のためのサンプル提出の準備はできましたか？](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# バイオベース含有量試験のためのサンプル提出の準備はできましたか？
1
## 必要なサンプルサイズと容器を準備してください
弊社が必要とする量より多く送らないでください。 必要な量より多い化学物質や石油化学物質を多く含む液体を送付された場合は、1サンプルにつきUS$500の廃棄料がかかります。
サンプルの種類
小売品または該当するサブサンプル（例：プラスチックバッグ）
プラスチックペレット
食器類
複数の成分または複数の色から成るサンプル（玩具、歯ブラシ、紙おむつ、生理用ナプキンなど）
サンプルの量
2.8g～20g
最大
5～10gに限ります
2点以上（例：スプーン2本）
試料を送付する前にご連絡いただきますようお願いいたします。
必要な容器
ジップロックバッグを使ってください
揮発性有機物(VOCs)を含む液体, 例. 化学物質、溶剤、潤滑油、オイル、石油化学物質を多く含む液体
揮発性有機物(VOCs)を含まず10%以上炭素含有量がある液体
その他の液体
1 ml / 1 cc (バイアルに満量、ヘッドスペースなし)
0.25 – 0.5 ml / 0.25 – 0.5 cc (バイアルに ¼ – ½ の量)
10 ml / 10 cc (バイアルに半分の量)
 ガラス製 1 mL テフロンセプタム付きクリンプトップ式マイクロサンプルバイアル
代替として: テフロンセプタム付のスクリュートップバイアル
 シリコン、テフロンまたはその他の化学的に非反応性の材料で作られた非反応性の蓋の20 mLガラスバイアル
\* SGS Betaでの分析のために必要な液体用容器の詳細については、以下を参照してください。 [**FAQページ**](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html) 例もご覧ください。 [こちら](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1)。
---
### 注：
**SDSが必須です** – 化学物質にはSDS/MSDSを提出してください。私たちは電子ファイルを保存しておく必要があります。SGS Betaのアカウントマネージャーにコピーを電子メールで送信するか、オンラインデータシートにアップロードすることができます。
**梱包資材** – バイアル瓶を送付する場合、粗粒のバーミキュライトまたは紙ベースの充填資材などを使用することができます。
**梱包** – サンプルを封筒ではなく、丈夫な箱に入れてお送りください。
**不均一性の問題** – 分析結果を有意なものとするためには、分析対象の炭素が製品全体を代表している必要があります。本結果は、あくまで分析された材料にのみ適用されます。不均一な材料については、分析対象が製品全体を適切に代表していることを確認するため、事前に試験機関と協議する必要があります。
[SGS Betaは人為起源の同位体を含むサンプルは受け付けていません。](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/tracer-free-lab.html)
2
## 納期を決定し、フォームを送信してください。
#### どのくらいのスピードで結果が必要ですか？
**Standard サービス** – 7営業日以内で報告
**Priority サービス** – 4営業日以内
#### 正しい提出フォームに記入してください
[バイオベース ＆ USDAサンプル フォーム](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/) をご利用ください。
サンプルに揮発性成分や炭酸塩が含まれていいる場合はお知らせください。正確な結果を得るためには、分析を行う前に協議する必要があります。
3
## マイアミまたはお近くのフォワーディング・オフィス(サンプル取り扱い所)へサンプルを発送
[SGS Betaの住所と転送オフィスのリストです（英国、欧州、中国、日本、韓国、台湾）](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
サンプルを米国に直接送付する場合、米国税関での通関手続きは、選択した運送会社が全責任を負うことをご確認ください。
注：SGS Betaは、お客様から発送される貨物の輸入通関手数料、関税、税金は負担いたしません。これらの料金はお客様のご負担となります。SGS Betaの口座に請求される通関手数料については、50ドルの手数料をお客様に請求させていただきます。カスタム料金は、取扱手数料に加え、お客様に転嫁されます。SGS Betaは、料金に関して、お客様に代わってクーリエへのクレームを処理することはありません。
予期せぬ請求や遅延を避けるため、可能な限りDDP（Delivered Duty Paid）発送を利用することをお勧めします。
これらのフォワーディング・オフィスにサンプルをお送りいただく場合は、お送りいただく前に[弊社まで](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)お問い合わせください。
サンプル到着（マイアミ）および結果予定についてはメールでご連絡します。米国東部時間（EST）午後3時以降に到着したサンプルは翌営業日に受付となります。納期はマイアミ受領の翌営業日から起算し、週末は含みません。
詳細はFAQページをご覧ください。 [ミニマムシッピング](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse16) および [税関申告](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse17)など
価格のお問い合わせ
#### バイオベースカーボンテストでは、標準納期サービスおよび特急納期サービスを提供しています。
[お問合せ先](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
最終更新：2026年3月
---
### [準備好提交樣品進行](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# 準備好提交樣品進行生質含量測試了嗎？
1
## 準備所需的樣品量和容器
發送的數量請勿超過我們的要求。 對於過量的化學品和石化含量高的液體，將收取每個樣品新台幣18900元的處理費。
樣品類型
零售件或適用的子樣本，例如塑料袋
塑膠顆粒
餐具/用具
多重成分或多顏色樣品（例如玩具、牙刷、尿布、衛生棉）
樣品量
0.1至1盎司 / 2.8至20公克最大
僅需5至10克
每種至少發送兩件（例如2個湯匙）
請在寄送樣品前聯絡我們。
所需容器
請使用夾鏈袋
含揮發性有機化合物（VOC）的液體，例如化學品、溶劑、潤滑劑、油、石化碳含量高的液體
不含VOC且碳含量至少10%的液體
其他液體
1 ml / 1 cc （整瓶裝滿，不留瓶頸空隙）
0.25 – 0.5 ml / 0.25 – 0.5 cc (裝1/4 – 1/2滿)
10 ml / 10 cc （半滿）
 1 ml玻璃微量樣本瓶，帶有特氟龍內墊的鉗口
容器選擇：螺旋蓋小瓶，瓶蓋附鐵氟龍墊片
 20mL玻璃瓶，附化學穩定墊片，由矽膠或鐵氟龍或其他無化學反應材料製成
\*有關SGS Beta所需液體容器的詳細訊息，請參閱我們的[**常見問題頁面**](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html)。您也可以在[這裡](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1)看到示例。
---
### 注意：
**必須附上SDS** – 所有化學品必須附上SDS/MSDS。請附上檔案。您可以透過電子郵件發送檔案給SGS Beta的客戶經理，或上傳到您的線上申請表。
**包裝材料** – 在寄送瓶裝樣品時，您可以使用緩衝材或其他帶有紙質的填充材料。
**包裝** – 請將樣品放在堅固的盒子中，而不是信封，以防止樣品在運輸過程中被壓碎。
**異質性問題** – 為了使分析有意義，分析的碳必須能夠代表整個產品。測試結果本身僅適用於分析的材料。在分析前應與實驗室討論異質材料，以確保分析的材料能代表整個產品。
[ SGS Beta實驗室不接受含有人造同位素的樣本。 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/tracer-free-lab.html)
2
## 確定實驗時程，然後送出表格。
#### 您需要多快有結果？
**標準服務** – 在10個工作日或更短的時間內交付報告結果
**極速服務** – 4 個工作天或更短時間
#### 填寫正確的測試申請表
使用我們的 [“生質以及美國農業部(USDA)樣品”表格。](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/)
請告訴我們您的樣品是否含有揮發性成分或碳酸鹽。在分析之前必須進行討論，以確保結果準確。
3
## 將樣品運送到邁阿密或您附近的轉運站
[ SGS Beta的完整地址和轉運辦事處清單（英國，歐洲，中國，日本，韓國，臺灣） ](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
將樣品直接寄往美國時，請確保您選擇的運輸公司承擔美國海關清關包裹的全部責任。
請留意：SGS Beta的測試費不包括客戶貨件的進口海關費、關稅或稅金。這些費用是客戶的全部責任。對於向SGS Beta收取的任何海關費用，將對客戶收取美金$50手續費。海關費用將加在客戶帳單的手續費項目底下。SGS Beta不會代表客戶向快遞公司處理任何與費用相關的索賠。
為避免意外收費或延誤，我們建議盡可能使用DDP（已付稅）方式，以便寄件人預付所有海關費用。
如需了解向我們的任一國際轉運辦事處寄送樣品的說明，請在寄出樣品之前 [與我們聯絡](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)。
我們將向您發送電子郵件，確認您的樣品已安全抵達邁阿密，並提供結果的交付日期。 美國東部時間下午 3 點後收到的樣本將在下一個工作日記錄。我們提供的測試時程是從邁阿密實驗室收到您的樣品之次日開始計算，週末假日除外。
請閱讀我們的常見問題頁面了解更多訊息，例如[最低限度運輸](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html#collapseFourteen16)和[海關申報](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
請求報價
#### 我們為生質碳測試提供標準和優先服務。
[ 聯絡我們 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
相關主題: 2026年3月
---
### [Hai dei campioni da sottoporre all'analisi del contenuto biobased?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866-05-spedizione.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Hai dei campioni da sottoporre all’analisi del contenuto biobased?
1
## Prepara il campione e i contenitori necessari
**NON inviare più di quanto richiesto.** Per lo smaltimento di ogni campione di prodotti chimici e liquidi ad alto contenuto di carbonio in quantità superiori a quelle indicate addebiteremo una tariffa pari a USD 500.
TIPO DI CAMPIONE
Prodotto destinato alla vendita o sottocampione appropriato, ad es. sacchetto per la spesa
Granuli di plastica
Posate/utensili
Campioni multicomponente o multicolore (ad es. giocattoli, spazzolini da denti, pannolini, assorbenti igienici)
QUANTITÀ DI MATERIALE
Da 2,8 a 20 grammi MASSIMO
Da 5 a 10 grammi MASSIMO
Almeno due pezzi per ogni tipo (ad es. 2 cucchiai)
Contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni
CONTENITORI RACCOMANDATI
Bustine con zip
Liquidi con composti organici volatili (COV), ad es. prodotti chimici, solventi, lubrificanti, oli, liquidi ad alto contenuto di carbonio
Liquidi senza COV e con contenuto di carbonio minimo del 10%
Altri liquidi
1 ml (fiala piena, senza spazio di testa)
Da 0,25 a 0,5 ml (fiala piena per ¼ – ½)
10 ml (fiala piena per metà)
Microprovetta di vetro da **1-2 mL** con tappo a ghiera e setto rivestito in Teflon, oppure fiala con tappo a vite e setto rivestito in Teflon
Fiala di vetro da **20 mL** con tappo rivestito in silicone, Teflon o altro materiale chimicamente inerte
\* Per i dettagli sul contenitore richiesto da SGS Beta per i liquidi, consultare le [**domande frequenti**](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html). Alcuni esempi sono visibili [qui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1).
---
### NOTA:
**SDS necessaria** – Le sostanze chimiche devono essere corredate di SDS/MSDS. Dobbiamo averne una copia in archivio. La SDS può essere inviata per email all’account manager di SGS Beta o caricata insieme al modulo online.
**Materiali da imballaggio** – Per proteggere le fiale, è possibile utilizzare vermiculite a grana grossa o altri materiali da imballaggio a base di carta.
**Imballaggio** – Inviare i campioni in scatole rigide (e non in buste imbottite) per evitare che si frantumino.
**Problemi di eterogeneità** – Perché l’analisi sia significativa, è necessario che il carbonio analizzato rappresenti correttamente l’intero prodotto. Il risultato è valido solo per i materiali analizzati. Per i materiali eterogenei, è necessaria una discussione preliminare con il laboratorio per garantire che il campione sia rappresentativo dell’intero prodotto.
[SGS Beta non accetta campioni arricchiti artificialmente con isotopi.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/laboratorio-tracer-free.html)
2
## Scegli i tempi di consegna e invia il modulo campioni.
#### Entro quando vorresti ricevere i risultati?
**Servizio Standard** – risultati pronti entro 7 giorni lavorativi
**Servizio Priority** – risultati pronti entro 4 giorni lavorativi
#### Compila il modulo campioni corretto
Utilizza il [modulo “Campioni biobased e USDA”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/).
Contattaci se i campioni contengono componenti volatili o carbonati. È importante discuterne prima dell’analisi per garantire che i risultati siano accurati.
3
## Spedisci i campioni a Miami o all’ufficio spedizioni più vicino
[Indirizzo di SGS Beta ed elenco degli uffici di spedizione (Regno Unito, Europa, Cina, Giappone, Corea, Taiwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html#ShippingAddresses)
Prima di inviare i campioni a Miami, assicurati che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità dello sdoganamento del pacco alla dogana statunitense.
Nota: SGS Beta non copre spese doganali, dazi o tasse relative alle spedizioni dei clienti. Queste spese sono di esclusiva responsabilità del cliente. Per eventuali spese doganali addebitate al conto di SGS Beta, al cliente verrà fatturata una commissione di gestione pari a 50 dollari. Le spese doganali saranno addebitate al cliente in aggiunta alla commissione di gestione. SGS Beta non gestirà alcun reclamo con il corriere per conto del cliente in relazione a queste tariffe.
Per evitare spese o ritardi imprevisti, raccomandiamo di utilizzare la spedizione DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), in modo che tutte le spese doganali siano prepagate dal mittente.
Per le istruzioni su come spedire i campioni a uno dei nostri uffici spedizioni internazionali, [contattaci](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html) prima dell’invio.
Ti invieremo un’email per confermare l’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami e per indicarti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati. I campioni ricevuti dopo le 15 EST vengono registrati il giorno lavorativo successivo. I tempi di consegna sono calcolati a partire dal giorno successivo all’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio, esclusi i giorni non lavorativi.
La nostra pagina sulle domande frequenti offre ulteriori informazioni, ad es. sulla spedizione [de minimis](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) e la [dichiarazione doganale](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
RICHIESTA DI PREVENTIVI
#### Offriamo servizi di analisi del carbonio biobased con tempistiche standard o prioritarie.
[Contatta il nostro team](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 2026
---
### [Vous êtes prêt à soumettre des échantillons pour des analyses de contenu biosourcé ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/envoi-astm-d6866-05.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Vous êtes prêt à soumettre des échantillons pour des analyses de contenu biosourcé ?
1
## Préparez la taille de l’échantillon et les contenants nécessaires
**N’envoyez PAS plus que ce dont nous avons besoin.** Des frais d’élimination de 500 USD par échantillon seront facturés pour les excès de produits chimiques et de liquides à forte teneur pétrochimique.
TYPE D’ÉCHANTILLON
Produit à l’unité ou sous-échantillon, le cas échéant
(ex. : sac en plastique)
Granulés de plastique
Couverts/Ustensiles
Échantillons à composants multiples ou multicolores (jouets, brosses à dents, couches, serviettes hygiéniques, etc.)
QUANTITÉ DE MATIÈRE
0,1 à 1 oz / 2,8 à 20 grammes MAXIMUM
5 à 10 grammes MAXIMUM
au moins deux articles de chaque type, par exemple 2 cuillères
Veuillez nous contacter avant d’envoyer vos échantillons.
CONTENANTS REQUIS
Sacs de congélation style Ziploc
Liquides contenant des composés organiques volatils (COV), p.ex. produits chimiques, solvants, lubrifiants, huiles, liquides à haute teneur en carbone pétrochimique
Liquides SANS COV et ayant au moins 10% de teneur en carbone
Autres liquides
1 ml / 1 cc (flacon plein, sans espace libre)
0,25 à 0,5 ml / 0,25 à 0,5 cc (flacon ¼ – ½ plein)
10 ml / 10 cc (flacon à moitié plein)
Flacon pour micro-échantillon en verre de **1-2 mL** avec un bouchon à sertir doté d’un septum doublé de téflon
Variante : Flacons à vis avec bouchons à septum doublés de Téflon
Flacon en verre de **20 mL** avec bouchon à revêtement non réactif, en silicone et Téflon ou tout autre matériau chimiquement non réactif
\* Pour plus d’informations sur les contenants requis par SGS Beta pour les liquides, veuillez consulter notre [**page FAQ**](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html). Vous pouvez également voir des exemples [ici](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1).
---
### REMARQUE :
**Fiches obligatoires** – Les produits chimiques doivent être accompagnés d’une FDS/FS. Nous devons disposer d’une copie dans nos archives. Vous pouvez envoyer une copie par e-mail à votre gestionnaire de compte Beta ou la télécharger sur votre formulaire en ligne.
**Matériaux d’emballage** – Lors de l’envoi de flacons, vous pouvez utiliser de la vermiculite à granulométrie grossière ou d’autres matériaux de calage à base de papier.
**Emballage** – Veuillez envoyer les échantillons dans des boîtes solides plutôt que dans des enveloppes, afin d’éviter tout écrasement pendant le transport.
**Problèmes d’hétérogénéité** – Pour que l’analyse soit significative, le carbone analysé doit être représentatif de l’ensemble du produit. Le résultat lui-même ne s’applique qu’aux matériaux analysés. Les matériaux hétérogènes doivent être discutés avec le laboratoire avant l’analyse afin de s’assurer que le matériau analysé est représentatif de l’ensemble du produit.
[SGS Beta n’accepte pas les échantillons contenant des isotopes artificiels.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/labo-sans-traceur.html)
2
## Choisissez le délai de traitement puis soumettez le formulaire.
#### Quand avez-vous besoin de vos résultats ?
**Service standard** – les résultats sont communiqués en 7 jours ouvrés ou moins
**Service prioritaire** – 4 jours ouvrés ou moins
#### Remplissez le bon formulaire d’envoi
Utilisez notre [formulaire “Échantillons biosourcés et pour l’USDA”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/).
Veuillez nous informer si vos échantillons contiennent des composants volatils ou des carbonates. Cette information doit être communiquée avant l’analyse afin de garantir l’exactitude des résultats.
3
## Envoyez les échantillons à Miami ou dans un centre d’expédition proche de chez vous
[Adresse complète et liste des bureaux d’expédition de SGS Beta (Royaume-Uni, Europe, Chine, Japon, Corée, Taïwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
Veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assure le dédouanement du colis auprès des douanes américaines lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux États-Unis.
Remarque : SGS Beta ne prend pas en charge les frais de douane, droits ou taxes à l’importation pour les envois effectués par les clients. Ces frais sont à la charge exclusive du client. Pour tout frais de douane facturé au compte de SGS Beta, le client se verra facturer des frais de traitement de 50 $. Les frais de douane seront facturés au client en plus des frais de traitement. SGS Beta n’interviendra pas auprès du transporteur pour effectuer des réclamations liées aux frais au nom du client.
Afin d’éviter tout frais ou retard imprévu, nous recommandons, dans la mesure du possible, d’utiliser l’expédition DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), afin que tous les frais de douane soient prépayés par l’expéditeur.
Pour les instructions d’envoi à l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition internationaux, [contactez-nous](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html) avant d’envoyer vos échantillons.
Nous vous enverrons un e-mail pour confirmer l’arrivée en toute sécurité de vos échantillons à Miami et vous indiquer une date de livraison des résultats. Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour ouvré suivant. Le délai indiqué prend effet le jour où nous recevons vos échantillons à Miami, hors week-end.
Veuillez consulter notre page FAQ pour plus d’informations, par exemple sur les [envois de minimis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) ou la [déclaration en douane](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
DEMANDE DE DEVIS
#### Nous proposons des services standards et prioritaires pour les analyses du carbone biosourcé.
[Contactez-nous](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Dernière mise à jour de la page: mars 2026
---
### [Möchten Sie Proben für biobasierte Tests einsenden?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866-05-lieferung.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Möchten Sie Proben für biobasierte Tests einsenden?
1
## Bereiten Sie die erforderliche Probenmenge und die erforderlichen Behälter vor
**Senden Sie NICHT mehr als wir benötigen.** Für überschüssige Chemikalien und Flüssigkeiten mit hohem petrochemischem Gehalt wird eine Entsorgungsgebühr von 500 US-Dollar pro Probe erhoben.
PROBENTYP
Einzelhandelsstück oder repräsentative Teilprobe, z. B. Plastiktüte
Kunststoffpellets
Besteck/Utensilien
Mehrkomponentige oder mehrfarbige Muster (z. B. Spielzeug, Zahnbürste, Windeln, Damenbinden)
MATERIALMENGE
0,1 bis 1 oz / 2,8 bis 20 Gramm MAXIMUM
5 bis 10 Gramm NUR
zwei Artikel jeder Art, z. B. 2 Löffel
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---
### HINWEIS:
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2
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3
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---
### [Análisis de carbono biogénico en regulaciones, subvenciones y programas de certificación](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/reglamentos.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Las siguientes regulaciones, subvenciones y programas de certificación recomiendan o establecen requisitos de análisis de contenido de carbono biogénico/renovable en biocombustibles.
### Estados Unidos
La Norma de Combustibles Renovables (RFS) fue creada para incrementar el volumen de combustible renovable mezclado con la gasolina y otros combustibles para el transporte. La Agencia de Protección Ambiental de Estados Unidos (EPA) elevó el contenido de combustibles renovables en 7.76% para cumplir con el requisito de que todos los combustibles para el transporte vendidos en 2008 tuvieran al menos 9 mil millones de galones de combustible renovable, de conformidad con el Acta de Independencia y Seguridad Energética de 2007 (EISA). Cada año, la EPA establece los requisitos de volumen para biocombustible celulósico, biocombustible avanzado, diesel derivado de biomasa y combustible renovable total.
En el marco del programa, los productores de combustible generan Números de Identificación Renovables (RINs) que pueden usar tanto para el comercio de créditos como para demostrar el cumplimiento con la norma.
Las empresas que utilizan [residuos sólidos urbanos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/residuos-solidos-municipales.html) (RSU) como materia prima para la producción de combustibles renovables acreditables para la obtención de RINs pueden determinar la fracción biogénica del combustible conforme al análisis indicado en la norma [ASTM D6866.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html)
Fuentes:
Regulación de Combustibles y Aditivos para Combustibles: Cambios a la Norma de Combustibles Renovables [(PDF)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2010-03-26/pdf/2010-3851.pdf) – Federal Register (Marzo de 2010) Vol. 75, No. 58 (Página 14715)
[Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022](https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program/final-volume-standards-2020-2021-and-2022 "Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022")
### Canadá
**– Ontario**
De conformidad con el Acta de Protección Ambiental, a partir del 1 de enero de 2017 la provincia de Ontario recomienda a los proveedores de combustibles recurrir al análisis indicado en la norma ASTM D6866 para determinar el contenido de carbono biogénico del etanol celulósico derivado de RSU. De acuerdo con la Regulación de Ontario 535/05, la muestra compuesta analizada estará integrada por las muestras obtenidas semanalmente en un periodo trimestral.
De manera similar, los proveedores de diésel y diésel mezclado en Ontario pueden usar el análisis ASTM D6866 para determinar el contenido de carbono de base biológica del diésel derivado de RSU.
Fuentes:
[O. Reg. 535/05: Etanol en la Gasolina](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/050535/v5) (anulada en noviembre de 2020, reemplazada por [O. Reg 663/20](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r20663))
[O. Reg. 226/18: Diesel Más Verde – Requisitos de Contenido de Base Biológica para Diésel](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r18226)
### **Holanda**
La [Regulación de Aceites Vegetales Hidrotratados (HVO)](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/) emitida por la Autoridad Holandesa de Emisiones comenzará a aplicarse el 1 de octubre de 2021. Esta regulación establece el análisis de carbono-14 para validar el contenido biogénico de los HVO y otros [biocombustibles](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles.html "biocombustibles"). El análisis debe realizarse en un laboratorio acreditado con ISO 17025.
Estos son los márgenes establecidos por la Autoridad Holandesa de Emisiones para productores de HVO:
- Combustibles con un 25% de carbono biogénico o superior: un 3% del valor esperado. Si este es del 100%, la muestra deberá contener al menos un 97% de carbono biogénico.
- Combustibles con menos del 25% de carbono biogénico: el margen es un 1% del valor esperado.
Fuente: [Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit – HVO-kader](https://www.emissieautoriteit.nl/actueel/nieuws/2024/05/27/nea-controleert-opslaglocaties-hvo-en-fame)
## Programas de Certificación Voluntaria de la Unión Europea
Estos programas de certificación demuestran el cumplimiento con los criterios de sustentabilidad de biocombustibles establecidos en las directivas de la Unión Europea sobre calidad de combustibles y energías renovables.
**– Certificación Internacional de Sustentabilidad y Carbono (ISCC)**
Para obtener la certificación, se deben cumplir dos requisitos para el coprocesamiento simultáneo de materias primas sustentables de base biológica y de origen fósil:
- La porción de base biológica debe cumplir con los requisitos de sustentabilidad y de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero establecidos en los documentos 202 y 205 de ISCC para certificaciones de ISCC en la Unión Europea; y
- Cálculo del producto de base biológica, en donde la cantidad de insumos de base biológica se multiplica por el rendimiento de base biológica relevante.
ISCC identifica tres enfoques para el cálculo del rendimiento de base biológica, uno de los cuales es la medición de Carbono-14 conforme a las normas de análisis ASTM D6866.
Fuente:
ISCC 203-01: Guía para la Certificación de Coprocesamiento versión 2.0 (PDF)
**– Mesa Redonda sobre Biomateriales Sustentables (RSB)**
De acuerdo con la Norma para Combustibles Avanzados de la RSB, si los biocombustibles o productos semiprocesados derivados de fuentes biogénicas son mezclados o coprocesados con materiales fósiles, el operador deberá documentar las cantidades de fuentes biogénicas en forma separada de las cantidades de fuentes fósiles, mediante balance de masas o análisis de radiocarbono conforme a las normas EN 16640 o ASTM D6866.
Fuente:
[RSB-STD-01-010 Versión 2.6 (PDF)](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RSB-STD-01-010-RSB-Standard-for-advanced-fuels.pdf)
*Nota: Beta Analytic ofrece análisis ASTM D6866 en combustibles para el transporte. El laboratorio no está afiliado a ninguna de las instituciones o programas mencionados arriba.*
*Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2022*
---
### [Analisi del carbonio biogenico nelle normative, nelle sovvenzioni e nei programmi di certificazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/regolamenti.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Le normative, le sovvenzioni e i programmi di certificazione seguenti raccomandano o richiedono l’analisi del carbonio biogenico/rinnovabile sui biocombustibili.
## Stati Uniti
Il programma nazionale Renewable Fuels Standard Program (RFS) è nato con lo scopo di incrementare il volume di combustibile rinnovabile nella benzina e in altri combustibili per autotrazione. La U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ha fissato il Renewable Fuels Standard al 7,76% per soddisfare il requisito dell’inclusione di 9 milioni di galloni di combustibile rinnovabile nel totale del combustibile da autotrazione venduto nel 2008, come indicato nell’Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA). Ogni anno, l’EPA stabilisce un volume minimo di biocombustibili cellulosici, biocombustibili avanzati, diesel derivato da biomassa e combustibile rinnovabile totale.
Con questo programma, i produttori di combustibili possono generare dei Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs), utilizzabili sia per lo scambio di crediti sia per dimostrare l’ottemperanza allo schema.
Le aziende che utilizzano i [rifiuti solidi urbani (RSU)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/rifiuti-solidi-urbani.html) come materia prima per la produzione di combustibile rinnovabile idonea alla generazione di RIN possono determinare la frazione biogenica del combustibile attraverso l’analisi con lo standard [ASTM D6866.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html)
Fonti:
Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: Changes to Renewable Fuel Standard Program [(PDF)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2010-03-26/pdf/2010-3851.pdf) – Federal Register (March 2010) Vol. 75, No. 58 (Pagina 14715)
[Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022](https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program/final-volume-standards-2020-2021-and-2022 "Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022")
## Canada
**– Ontario**
Ai sensi dell’Environmental Protection Act, dal 1 gennaio 2017 la provincia dell’Ontario raccomanda che i fornitori di combustibili usino ASTM D6866 per determinare il contenuto di carbonio biogenico dell’etanolo cellulosico derivato da RSU. Secondo la Ontario Regulation 535/05, il campione da analizzare deve essere composto da campioni raccolti settimanalmente nel corso di un trimestre.
I fornitori di diesel e miscele in Ontario possono usare l’analisi ASTM D6866 per determinare il contenuto di carbonio biobased del diesel derivato da RSU.
Fonti:
[O. Reg. 535/05: Ethanol in Gasoline](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/050535/v5) (revocata a novembre 2020, sostituita da [O. Reg. 663/20](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r20663))
[O. Reg. 226/18: Greener Diesel – Bio-based Content Requirements for Diesel Fuel](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r18226)
### **Paesi Bassi**
La [normativa sull’olio vegetale idrotrattato (HVO)](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/) dell’Autorità Olandese per le Emissioni è entrata in vigore il 1° ottobre 2021. Questa normativa prevede l’uso del test del carbonio-14 per convalidare la precisione del [contenuto biogenico](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili.html) dell’HVO e di altri biocarburanti. I test devono essere effettuati da un laboratorio accreditato ISO 17025.
Tolleranza di controllo stabilita per i produttori di HVO dall’Autorità olandese per le emissioni:
- Per miscele del 25% o superiori – La tolleranza è pari al 3% del valore previsto. Se il valore previsto è 100%, il campione deve avere almeno il 97% di contenuto biogenico.
- Per miscele inferiori al 25% – La tolleranza di controllo è pari all’1% del valore previsto.
Fonte: [Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit – HVO-kader](https://www.emissieautoriteit.nl/actueel/nieuws/2024/05/27/nea-controleert-opslaglocaties-hvo-en-fame)
## Programmi di certificazione volontaria dell’UE
La partecipazione a questi programmi di certificazione serve a dimostrare la conformità ai criteri di sostenibilità per i biocombustibili, in accordo con le direttive UE per la qualità dei combustibili e per l’energia rinnovabile.
**– International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC)**
Esistono due requisiti che devono essere soddisfatti per raggiungere la conformità con la ISCC nei casi in cui biomassa e combustibili fossili vengono trasformati congiuntamente:
- la frazione biobased deve soddisfare i requisiti di sostenibilità e di emissioni di gas serra, indicati nei documenti 202 e 205 per le certificazioni ISCC nell’UE; e
- il calcolo del bio-output, dove la quantità di bio-input si moltiplica per la rispettiva bio-resa.
La ISCC indica tre approcci possibili al calcolo della bio-resa, uno dei quali è la misurazione del carbonio-14 con lo standard ASTM D6866.
Fonte:
ISCC 203-01: Guidance for the Certification of Co-Processing version 2.0 (PDF)
**– Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB)**
Secondo lo Standard per i combustibili avanzati della RSB (RSB Standard for Advanced Fuels), se un combustibile o un intermedio proveniente da biomassa viene miscelato o processato con materiali di origine fossile, l’operatore deve documentare la frazione biogenica e la frazione fossile separatamente, utilizzando il bilancio di massa o l’analisi al radiocarbonio (standard EN 16640 o ASTM D6866).
Fonte:
[RSB-STD-01-010 Version 2.6 (PDF)](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RSB-STD-01-010-RSB-Standard-for-advanced-fuels.pdf)
*Nota: Beta Analytic fornisce test conformi ad ASTM D6866 su combustibili per autotrazione. Il laboratorio non è affiliato con alcuno dei programmi o delle istituzioni citati in questa pagina*
*Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2022*
---
### [Analyse du carbone biogénique dans les règlements, les subventions et les programmes de certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/reglementations.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Les réglementations, subventions et programmes de certification suivants recommandent ou exigent des analyses de teneur en carbone biogénique / carbone renouvelable pour les biocarburants.
### États Unis
Le [programme national de normes sur les carburants renouvelables (RFS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/determination-biomasse.html) a été élaboré pour augmenter le volume de carburant renouvelable mélangé à l’essence et à d’autres carburants de transport. L’Agence américaine pour la protection de l’environnement (EPA) a augmenté la norme sur les carburants renouvelables à 7,76% pour répondre à l’exigence selon laquelle tous les carburants de transport vendus doivent contenir au moins 9 milliards de gallons de carburant renouvelable en 2008, conformément à la loi “Energy Independence and Security Act” de 2007 (EISA). Chaque année, l’EPA établit des exigences de volume pour le biocarburant cellulosique, le biocarburant avancé, le diesel à base de biomasse et le carburant renouvelable total.
Dans le cadre de ce programme, les producteurs de carburant génèrent des numéros d’identification renouvelables (RIN) qu’ils peuvent utiliser à la fois pour l’échange de crédits et la démonstration de conformité.
Les entreprises utilisant des [déchets solides municipaux (DSM)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/dechets-solides-municipaux.html) comme matière première pour la production de carburant renouvelable générant un RIN peuvent déterminer la fraction biogénique du carburant par des analyses [ASTM D6866.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html)
Sources :
Réglementation des carburants et des additifs pour carburants : modifications au programme de normes sur les carburants renouvelables [(PDF)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2010-03-26/pdf/2010-3851.pdf) – Federal Register (mars 2010) Vol. 75, n. 58 (page 14715)
[Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022](https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program/final-volume-standards-2020-2021-and-2022 "Final Volume Standards for 2020, 2021, and 2022")
### Canada
**– Ontario**
En vertu de la Loi sur la protection de l’environnement, à compter du 1er janvier 2017, la province de l’Ontario recommande aux fournisseurs de carburant d’utiliser les analyses ASTM D6866 pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biogénique de l’éthanol cellulosique dérivé d’un DSM. Selon le Règlement de l’Ontario 535/05, l’échantillon composite analysé devra être composé d’échantillons prélevés chaque semaine au cours d’une période trimestrielle.
De même, les fournisseurs de diesel et de diesel mixte en Ontario peuvent utiliser les analyses ASTM D6866 pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biosourcé du diesel dérivé de DSM.
Sources :
[Règl. 535/05 : Éthanol dans l’essence](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/050535/v5) (révoqué en novembre 2020, remplacé par [O. Reg. 663/20](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r20663))
[Règl. 226/18 : Diesel plus écologique – Exigences de contenu biosourcé pour le carburant diesel](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r18226)
### **Pays-Bas**
Le [règlement sur les huiles végétales hydrotraitées (HVO)](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/) e l’Autorité néerlandaise des émissions entre en vigueur le 1er octobre 2021. En vertu de ce règlement, une analyse au carbone 14 est requise pour valider l’exactitude du HVO et d’autres carburants à [contenu biogénique](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants.html). Les tests doivent être effectués par un laboratoire accrédité ISO 17025.
Tolérance de contrôle fixée par l’Autorité néerlandaise des émissions pour les producteurs de HVO :
- Pour les mélanges de 25 % ou plus – la tolérance de contrôle est de 3 % de la valeur attendue. Si la valeur attendue est de 100 %, un échantillon doit avoir au moins 97 % de contenu biogénique.
- Pour les mélanges inférieurs à 25 % – la tolérance de contrôle est de 1 % de la valeur attendue.
Source: [Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit – HVO-kader](https://www.emissieautoriteit.nl/actueel/nieuws/2024/05/27/nea-controleert-opslaglocaties-hvo-en-fame)
## Programmes de certification volontaire de l’UE
Ces programmes de certification démontrent la conformité aux critères de durabilité des biocarburants conformément aux directives de l’UE sur la qualité des carburants et les énergies renouvelables.
**– Certification internationale de durabilité et de carbone (ISCC)**
Pour être conforme à l’ISCC, deux exigences doivent être remplies pour le co-traitement simultané de matières premières biosourcées et fossiles durables :
- la part d’origine biosourcée doit répondre aux exigences de durabilité et aux exigences d’émission de gaz à effet de serre, comme indiqué dans les documents ISCC 202 et 205 pour les certifications ISCC EU ; et
- le calcul de la bio-production, dans lequel la quantité de bio-intrants entrants est multipliée par le bio-rendement pertinent.
L’ISCC a identifié trois approches dans le calcul du bio-rendement, dont l’une est la mesure du carbone 14 basée sur les normes analytiques ASTM D6866.
Source :
ISCC 203-01 : Guide pour la certification du co-traitement version 2.0 (PDF)
**– Table ronde sur les biomatériaux durables (RSB)**
En vertu de la norme RSB pour les carburants avancés, si des combustibles ou des intermédiaires provenant de sources biogéniques sont mélangés ou co-traités avec des matières fossiles, l’exploitant doit documenter les quantités provenant de sources biogéniques séparément des quantités provenant de sources fossiles par le biais d’un bilan massique ou d’une analyse de radiocarbone en utilisant soit l’EN 16640 ou l’ASTM D6866.
Source :
[RSB-STD-01-010 version 2.6 (PDF)](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RSB-STD-01-010-RSB-Standard-for-advanced-fuels.pdf)
*Remarque : Beta Analytic fournit les analyses ASTM D6866 pour les carburants de transport. Le laboratoire n’est affilié à aucune des institutions ou programmes susmentionnés.*
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: juillet 2022*
---
### [Prüfung des erneuerbaren Kohlenstoffs Vorschriften & THG Initiativen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biomassen-bestimmung.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **Kalifornien AB32 Pflicht GHG Emissionsbericht**
ASTM D6866 wird benutzt, um den Prozentanteil von Kohlenstoff neutralen CO2 Emissionen durch Biomasseverbrennungen, Festmüll oder abgeleitetem Biomassebrennstoffabfällen zu berechnen.
AB32 erlaubt Brennstoffproben anstelle von Emissionsproben, solange (a) die Brennstoffe durch ASTM D6866 unterstützt werden und (b) die Probe für die Analyse, die gesamte Brennstoffzusammensetzung repräsentiert.
AB32 wurde von Senat Bill 32 (SB32) abgelöst.
- **EU-Emissionshandelssystem (EU-EHS)**
Die EU ETS empfiehlt [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html) um den Biomasseanteil von Ersatzbrennstoffen zu messen. Bei flüssigen Proben und CO2 Rauchgas können die EN ISO 21644 Kohlenstoff-14 Methode oder ASTM D6866 angewendet werden. [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/iso-13833.html) ist eine andere Methode für CO2 in Rauchgasen.
- **Westliche Klimainitiative (WCI) Anforderungen der Meldepflicht**
Besitzer / Betreiber von stationären Verbrennungsanlagen, die gemischte Brennstoffe und abgeleitete Brennstoffabfälle verwenden, sind verpflichtet ASTM D6866 zu verwenden, um die Biomassenanteile der Kohlenstoffdioxidemission zu bestimmen.
- **US EPA endgültiger GHG Pflichtgesetz Report**
ASTM D6866 wird benötigt, um den biogenen CO2 Emissionsanteil von Verbrennungen von festem Hausmüll und gemischtem Brennstoff (biogener und nicht-biogener Brennstoff) zu ermitteln.
- **UN CDM Methodik ACM0022:**“Groß angelegte Konsolidierte Methodik – Alternative Abfallbehandlungsprozesse”
ASTM D6866 Tests werden durchgeführt um die fossile Kohlenstofffraktion in Emissionen von abgeleitetem Abfallbrennstoff, wie zum Beispiel festem Hausmüll zu messen.
- **Klimaregistrierungsprotokoll**
Ziel des Klimaregisters ist es, in ganz Nordamerika einheitliche und transparente Standards festzulegen, anhand derer Unternehmen und Regierungen ihre CO2-Emissionen in einem einzigen, einheitlichen Register berechnen, überprüfen und öffentlich melden können.
ASTM D6866 Tests sind für die Berechnung von Emissionen von Abfallbrennstoffen und Biomassen erforderlich.
Quelle: [Seite 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf) TCR General Reporting Protocol Version 3.0 (Mai 2019)
Regionale Regierungen sind aufgefordert, CO2 Biomassen Emissionen als biogene Emissionen separat von fossilen Emissionen zu identifizieren und zu berichten. ASTM D6866 wird für die Messung von biogenen Emissionen von Biobrennstoffen, Brennstoffabfällen und Biomassen Co-Feuerung in einer Anlage mit CEMS empfohlen.
Quelle: [Seite 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf) TCR Local Government Operations Protocol Version 1.1 (Mai 2010)
ASTM D6866 ist die festgelegte Methode zur Unterscheidung von anthropogenen und biogenen CO2 Emissionen im TCR Protokoll, für den elektronischen Energiesektor des freiwilligen Reportprogramms.
Quelle: [Seite 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf) TCR Electric Power Sector Protocol Version Version 1.0 (Juni 2009)
- **Australisches Department für Klimawandel Nationales GHG Reportsystem**
Mit dem National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 wurde ein obligatorisches Berichterstattungssystem für Treibhausgasemissionen, sowie für die Erzeugung und den Verbrauch von Energie eingeführt. Die erste Berichtsperiode nach dem Gesetz begann im Juli 2008.
Im NGER-Meldesystem wird die ASTM D6866-Analyse empfohlen, um den Anteil jeder Art von Brennstoffen in flüssigen Blends oder festen Brennstoffen zu bestimmen.
Quelle: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (Juli 2022)
- **Umwelt und Klimawandel Kanada Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP)**
Seit 2004 hat das GHGRP Daten zu Treibhausgasemissionen von Anlagen in ganz Kanada gesammelt, die 10 Kilotonnen oder mehr Treibhausgase in Kohlendioxid-Äquivalenten pro Jahr ausstoßen. Diese Anlagen müssen ihren Bericht bis zum 1. Juni vorlegen.
Gemäß den Anforderungen des Programms zur Quantifizierung von Treibhausgasen können ASTM D6866-Tests verwendet werden, um den biogenen Anteil der CO2-Emissionen zu bestimmen. Wenn verbrannte Kraftstoffe oder Kraftstoffgemische eine unbekannte oder nicht dokumentierbare Biomasse-Fraktion enthalten (z.B. aus Reifen gewonnener Kraftstoff), werden mindestens alle drei Monate ASTM D6866-Tests an den repräsentativen Kraftstoff- oder Abgasproben durchgeführt. Wenn feste Siedlungsabfälle verbrannt werden, wird eine ASTM D6866-16-Analyse des Abgasstroms durchgeführt.
Quelle: [Seite 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") der kanadischen Anforderungen zur Quantifizierung von Treibhausgasen Version 4.0 (Dezember 2021)
- **Neuseeländische Regulierungen zum Klimawandel**
Die neuseeländische Regierung hat zwei Vorschriften, die ASTM D6866 enthalten.
Gemäß der Verordnung zum Klimawandel (Stationäre Energie und industrielle Prozesse) von 2009 (SR 2009/285) messen diejenigen, die sich für die kontinuierliche Emissionsüberwachung zur Berechnung der Emissionen aus der Verbrennung von Altöl, Altreifen oder Abfall entscheiden, ihre jährlichen Gesamtemissionen, bestehend aus CO2, CH4 und N2O, die keine Biomasse sind. Gemäß dieser Verordnung wird ASTM D6866 verwendet, um den Anteil der nicht-Biomasse in den CO2-Emissionen zu messen, wenn der verbrannte Brennstoff sowohl Biomasse, als auch nicht-Biomasse enthält.
Wenn man die Methode der periodischen Quellenprüfung bevorzugt, werden die gleichen Treibhausgasemissionen gemessen. Der Anteil der nicht-Biomasse an den gesamten CO2-Emissionen wird gemäß ASTM D6866 bestimmt.
Quelle: SR 2009/285
Für die Klimawandelverordnung (Unique Emissions Factors) 2009 (SR 2009/286), speziell unter den „Anforderungen für Anträge auf Genehmigung eines einzigartigen Emissionsfaktors für Abfälle, die unter Verwendung einer Standardprüfoption berechnet wurden“, kann ASTM D6866 bei Abfallverbrennung verwendet werden, um den einzigartigen Emissionsfaktor für feste Brennstoffe zu berechnen.
Unter den „Probenahme- und Prüfanforderungen für die Option der periodischen Quellenprüfung“ müssen Beteiligte der Abfallverbrennung, die gemischten Brennstoff (Biomasse mit nicht-Biomasse) verwenden, den Anteil der nicht-Biomasse in den CO2-Konzentrationen im Gasstrom gemäß ASTM D6866 messen.
Quelle: SR 2009/286
## Folgende Programme empfehlen die Kohlenstoff-14-Methode
- **Britisches Büro für Gas- und Strommärkte (OFGEM)**
Die Regulierungsbehörde für Elektrizität und Gas, OFGEM, hat die Verwendung der Kohlenstoff-14-Methode für Müllverbrennungsanlagen genehmigt, die Zertifikate für erneuerbare Energien (ROCs) beantragen wollen. Die Kohlenstoff-14-Methode wird verwendet, um den Biomasse-Energiegehalt von Abfallrohstoffen mittels Nachverbrennungsanalyse von Abgasen zu bestimmen.
HINWEIS: Im Jahr 2016 hat OFGEM beschlossen, Anträge für das Programm zur Verpflichtung zu erneuerbaren Energien abzulehnen, in denen vorgeschlagen wird, die Kohlenstoff-14-Methode nur für Abfallbrennstoffe aus Holz zu verwenden. Andere alternative Brennstoffquellen werden von Fall zu Fall bewertet.
- **Initiative für nachhaltigen Zement, Zement CO2 und Energieprotokoll**
Die Zementnachhaltigkeitsinitiative des World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD CSI) nennt EN ISO 21644 als einen Standard, der zur Bestimmung des biogenen Kohlenstoffs im gesamten Kohlenstoffgehalt eines alternativen Brennstoffs verwendet werden kann. Das Dokument richtet sich an Ingenieure und Manager von Zementherstellern.
Quelle: [Seite 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") für Protokollversion 3
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: August 2022*
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### [Análisis de Carbono Renovable en Regulaciones e Iniciativas sobre GEI](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/determinacion-biomasa.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **AB 32 de California – Notificación Obligatoria de Emisiones de GEI**
Se utiliza el método ASTM D6866 para medir el porcentaje de las emisiones de CO2 de carbono neutral a partir de la combustión de biomasa, residuos sólidos municipales o combustibles derivados de residuos con biomasa.
La normativa AB32 permite el uso de muestras de combustible, en lugar de muestras de emisiones, siempre que (a) el combustible sea reconocido por el estándar ASTM D6866, y (b) las muestras recolectadas para análisis sean representativas de toda la composición del combustible.
La normativa AB32 ha sido reemplazada por el Proyecto de Ley 32 (SB32) del Senado.
- **Régimen de comercio de derechos de emisión de la UE (RCDE UE)**
El régimen de comercio de derechos de emisión de la UE recomienda la norma [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html) para medir la fracción de biomasa de los combustibles sólidos recuperados. Para materiales y combustibles líquidos pueden utilizarse los métodos de C14 de la norma EN ISO 21644 o el método ASTM D6866. Para las emisiones de CO2, la se recomienda la norma [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/iso-13833.html).
- **Iniciativa Occidental del Clima (WCI) – Requisitos Obligatorios de Rendición de Cuentas**
Los propietarios o gestores de unidades generales estacionarias de combustión usuarias de combustibles mixtos y derivados de residuos deben usar el método ASTM D6866 para determinar la fracción de biomasa de sus emisiones de dióxido de carbono.
- **Reglamento Final sobre Notificación Obligatoria de Emisiones de GEI de la US EPA**
Se utiliza el método ASTM D6866 para determinar el contenido de CO2 biogénico de las emisiones resultantes de la combustión de residuos sólidos municipales y de combustibles mixtos (combustibles biogénicos o no).
- **Metodología ACM0022 del CDM de las Naciones Unidas:** “Metodología consolidada de gran escala – Procesos alternativos de tratamiento de residuos”
Se hace el análisis conforme al método ASTM D6866 para estimar la fracción de carbono fósil en el contenido de carbono total de los residuos sólidos municipales.
- **Protocolos de la organización “The Climate Registry”**
The Climate Registry busca establecer normas consistentes y transparentes en América del Norte para que empresas y gobiernos calculen, verifiquen y publiquen sus huellas de carbono en un registro único y unificado.
Se requiere el análisis por la metodología ASTM D6866 para calcular las emisiones provenientes de combustibles derivados de residuos y de biomasa.
Fuente: [Página 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf) del Protocolo General de Rendición de Cuentas de TCR Version 3.0 (Mayo de 2019)
Los gobiernos locales deben identificar y notificar las emisiones de CO2 generadas por la combustión de biomasa como emisiones biogénicas, diferenciándolas de las emisiones provenientes de la combustión de combustibles fósiles. Se recomienda la metodología ASTM D6866 para medir las emisiones biogénicas provenientes de biocombustibles, combustibles derivados de residuos y cocombustión de biomasa en una unidad con Sistemas de Monitoreo Continuo de Emisiones (CEMS por sus siglas en inglés).
Fuente: [Página 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf) del Protocolo de Operaciones para Gobiernos Locales de TCR Version 1.1 (Mayo de 2010)
ASTM D6866 es el método identificado para la partición de emisiones antropogénicas y biogénicas de CO2 en el Protocolo de la TCR para el Sector de Energía Eléctrica para el Programa Voluntario de Rendición de Cuentas.
Fuente: [Página 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf) del Protocolo de TCR para el Sector de Energía Eléctrica Version Version 1.0 (Junio de 2009)
- **Departamento del Medio Ambiente de Australia y Sistema Nacional de Rendición de Cuentas sobre Energía y Emisiones de GEI**
El Acta Nacional de Rendición de Cuentas en materia de Emisiones y Energía (NGER) de 2007 estableció un sistema obligatorio de rendición de cuentas para empresas en materia de emisiones de GEI y producción y consumo de energía. El primer periodo de rendición de cuentas conforme al Acta comenzó en julio de 2008.
En el sistema de rendición de cuentas de NGER se recomienda el análisis conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 para determinar la cantidad de cada tipo de combustible en mezclas de combustibles líquidos o sólidos.
Fuente: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (Julio de 2022)
- **Programa de Medio Ambiente y Cambio Climático de Canadá para el Control de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GHGRP)**
El GHGRP lleva desde 2004 recabando datos sobre las emisiones de instalaciones canadienses que emiten 10 kilotoneladas o más de gases de efecto invernadero en unidades equivalentes de CO2 por año. Estas instalaciones deben emitir un informe cada 1 de junio.
De acuerdo con los Requisitos de Cuantificación de Gases de Efecto Invernadero de este programa, puede aplicarse la normativa ASTM D6866 para determinar la fracción biogénica de las emisiones de CO2. Si los combustibles o mezclas de combustibles contienen una fracción de biomasa desconocida o imposible de documentar (por ejemplo, combustibles derivados de neumáticos) el análisis ASTM D6866 se realiza en una parte representativa del combustible o emisión al menos una vez cada tres meses. Si se combustionan residuos municipales sólidos, el análisis ASTM D6866-16 se realiza en gas de chimenea.
Fuente: [Página 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") de los Requisitos de Cuantificación del Programa de Canadá para el Control de Gases de Efecto Invernadero Versión 4.0 (Dieciembre 2021)
- **Reglamentos de Nueva Zelandia Relacionados con el Cambio Climático**
El Gobierno de Nueva Zelandia cuenta con 2 regulaciones que incorporan la norma ASTM D6866.
Conforme a las Regulaciones de 2009 sobre Cambio Climático (Energía Estacionaria y Procesos Industriales) (SR 2009/85), quienes opten por el uso del método de monitoreo continuo de emisiones para calcular las emisiones derivadas de la combustión de aceite usado, aceite residual, neumáticos usados, o desperdicios, medirán sus emisiones anuales totales, incluyendo CO2 no derivado de biomasa, CH4 y N2O. De acuerdo a la regulación, la norma ASTM D6866 será usada para medir la fracción no derivada de biomasa de las emisiones de CO2 cuando el combustible quemado contenga tanto fuentes de biomasa como fuentes no derivadas de biomasa.
Quienes usen el método periódico de análisis de la fuente medirán las mismas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. La fracción no derivada de biomasa de las emisiones totales de CO2 se determinará conforme a la norma ASTM D6866.
Fuente: SR 2009/285
En cuanto a las Regulaciones de 2009 sobre Cambio Climático (Factores de Emisión Únicos) (SR 2009/85), y específicamente dentro de los “requisitos para solicitudes de aprobación del factor de emisión único para desperdicios calculado a partir de la opción de análisis estándar”, la norma ASTM D6866 puede ser usada por un participante que quema residuos para calcular el factor de emisión único en combustibles sólidos.
Dentro de los “requisitos de muestreo y prueba para la opción de análisis periódico de la fuente”, los participantes que queman residuos y utilizan combustibles mixtos (utilizando fuentes de biomasa y fuentes no derivadas de biomasa) deben medir la fracción no derivada de biomasa de las concentraciones de CO2 en el flujo de gas de conformidad con la norma ASTM D6866.
Fuente: SR 2009/286
## Programas que recomiendan el uso del método de Carbono-14
- **Oficina de los Mercados de Gas y Electricidad del Reino Unido (OFGEM)**
La agencia reguladora de los mercados de electricidad y gas OFGEM ha aprobado el uso del método de carbono-14 para instalaciones que transforman desechos en energía interesadas en obtener Certificados de Cumplimiento de Obligaciones de Uso de Energías Renovables (ROCs por sus siglas en inglés). El método de carbono-14 se utiliza para determinar el contenido de energía de biomasa de la materia prima desechable por medio del análisis de gases de escape después de la combustión.
NOTA: En 2016, OFGEM decidió rechazar las solicitudes de ingreso al programa de Obligaciones de Uso de Energía Renovables que proponían el uso del método de carbono-14 para combustibles derivados de residuos obtenidos de madera. Otras fuentes de combustibles alternativos son evaluadas caso por caso.
- **Protocolo de CO2 y Energía para Cemento de la Iniciativa para la Sustentabilidad del Cemento**
La Iniciativa para la Sustentabilidad del Cemento del Consejo Empresarial Mundial para el Desarrollo Sostenible (WBCSD CSI) cita la norma EN ISO 21644 como uno de los métodos que puede ser usado para medir el carbono biogénico en el contenido de carbono total de un combustible alternativo. El documento está dirigido a ingenieros y gerentes de productoras de cemento.
Fuente: [Página 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") para consultar la Versión 3 del Protocolo
*Última actualización de la página: Agosto de 2022*
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### [Analyses du carbone renouvelable dans la réglementation et les initiatives de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/determination-biomasse.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **AB32 en Californie – Déclaration obligatoire des émissions de GES**
L’ASTM-D6866 est utilisée pour mesurer le pourcentage d’émissions de CO2 neutres en carbone provenant de la combustion de biomasse, de déchets solides municipaux ou de combustibles dérivés de déchets avec de la biomasse.
AB32 permet l’échantillonnage du combustible au lieu de l’échantillonnage des émissions tant que (a) le combustible est soutenu par la norme ASTM D6866, et que (b) les échantillons recueillis pour analyse sont représentatifs de la composition totale du combustible.
AB32 a été remplacé par le projet de loi du Sénat 32 (SB32).
- **Système d’échange de quotas d’émission de l’UE (SEQE-UE)**
Dans le cadre du SCEQE, la norme [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html) est recommandée pour mesures la part biosourcée des combustibles solides de récupération. Pour les échantillons liquides et de CO2 des gaz de combustion, la méthode au carbone-14 de la norme EN ISO 21644 ou de la norme ASTM D6866 peut être utilisée. La norme [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/iso-13833.html) est une autre option pour l’analyse du CO2 contenu dans les gaz de combustion.
- **Exigences de la déclaration obligatoire de la Western Climate Initiative (WCI)**
Les propriétaires / exploitants d’unités fixes de combustion utilisant des combustibles mixtes et des combustibles dérivés de déchets doivent utiliser la norme ASTM D6866 pour déterminer la fraction de leurs émissions de dioxyde de carbone provenant de la biomasse.
- **Règle de déclaration obligatoire finale de GES de l’US EPA**
L’ASTM D6866 est utilisée pour déterminer le CO2 biogène des émissions provenant de la combustion des déchets solides municipaux et des combustibles mixtes (combustibles biogènes et non biogènes).
- **Méthodologie UN CDM ACM0022:** “Méthodologie consolidée à grande échelle – Procédés alternatifs de traitement des déchets”
L’analyse ASTM D6866 est effectuée pour mesurer la fraction de carbone fossile dans la teneur en carbone total des déchets solides municipaux.
- **Les protocoles du registre climatique (The Climate Registry – TCR )**
Le Climate Registry (TCR, The Climate Registry) vise à établir des normes cohérentes et transparentes en Amérique du Nord pour que les entreprises et les gouvernements calculent, vérifient et publient leurs empreintes carbone dans un registre unique et unifié.
Lors du calcul des émissions provenant des combustibles dérivés de déchets et de la biomasse, les analyses ASTM D6866 sont demandées.
Source: [Page 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf) du protocole de reporting général du TCR Version 3.0 (mai 2019)
Les gouvernements locaux sont tenus d’identifier et de déclarer les émissions de CO2 issues de la biomasse en tant qu’émissions biogènes, indépendamment des émissions de combustibles fossiles. La norme ASTM D6866 est recommandée lors de la mesure des émissions biogènes provenant des biocarburants, des combustibles dérivés de déchets et de la co-combustion de la biomasse dans une unité dotée de systèmes CEMS.
Source: [Page 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf) pour le protocole des opérations des administrations locales du TCR Version 1.1 (mai 2010)
La norme ASTM D6866 est la méthode identifiée pour la répartition des émissions de CO2 anthropiques et biogènes dans le protocole TCR du secteur de l’énergie électrique du programme de déclaration volontaire.
Source: [Page 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf) pour le protocole du secteur de l’énergie électrique du TCR Version Version 1.0 (juin 2009)
- **Australie – Département de l’Environnement et de l’Energie – Système national de déclaration sur les serres et l’énergie**
La loi NGER (National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting) de 2007 sur la déclaration nationale des gaz à effet de serre et de consommation d’énergie a instauré un système de déclaration obligatoire pour les entreprises de leurs émissions de GES ainsi que de leur production et consommation d’énergie. La première période de rapport en vertu de la loi a débuté en juillet 2008.
Dans le système de reporting NGER (National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting), il est recommandé d’effectuer l’analyse ASTM D6866 pour déterminer les quantités de chaque type de combustible dans les combustibles liquides ou solides.
Source: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (juillet 2022)
- **Programme de déclaration des gaz à effet de serre du département Environnement et changement climatique du Canada (GHGRP)**
Depuis 2004, le GHGRP recueille des données sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre d’installations partout au Canada qui émettent 10 kilotonnes ou plus de GES en unités d’équivalent de dioxyde de carbone par année. Ces établissements doivent soumettre leur rapport avant le 1er juin.
UDans le cadre des exigences de quantification des gaz à effet de serre du programme, les analyses ASTM D6866 peuvent être utilisées pour déterminer la partie biogène des émissions de CO2. Si les combustibles brûlés ou les mélanges de combustibles contiennent une fraction de biomasse qui est inconnue ou qui ne peut être documentée (par exemple, combustibles dérivés de pneus), l’analyse ASTM D6866 est effectuée sur les échantillons de combustibles ou de gaz représentatifs au moins tous les trois mois. Si des déchets solides municipaux sont brûlés, une analyse ASTM D6866-16 est effectuée sur le flux de gaz.
Source: [Page 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") des exigences de quantification des gaz à effet de serre du Canada version 4.0 (décembre 2021)
- **Nouvelle-Zélande – Réglementation sur les changements climatiques**
Le gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Zélande a 2 réglementations incluant la norme ASTM D6866.
En vertu du Règlement de 2009 sur le changement climatique (énergie fixe et processus industriels) (SR 2009/285), ceux qui choisiront d’utiliser la méthode de surveillance continue des émissions pour calculer les émissions provenant des huiles de combustion, des huiles usées, des pneus usés ou des déchets mesureront leur émissions annuelles totales composées de CO2, de CH4 et de N2O non issus de la biomasse. Conformément à la réglementation, la norme ASTM D6866 sera utilisée pour mesurer la fraction des émissions de CO2 hors biomasse lorsque le combustible brûlé contient à la fois de la biomasse et de la non-biomasse.
Ceux qui utiliseront la méthode d’analyse périodique à la source mesureront également les mêmes émissions de gaz à effet de serre. La fraction non-biomasse des émissions totales de CO2 sera déterminée conformément à la norme ASTM D6866.
Source: SR 2009/285
Pour le Règlement de 2009 sur le changement climatique (facteurs d’émissions uniques) (SR 2009/286), en particulier dans le cadre des « exigences relatives aux demandes d’approbation de facteurs d’émissions uniques pour les déchets calculés à l’aide de l’option d’analyse standard », les participants à la combustion des déchets peuvent utiliser l’ASTM D6866 pour calculer un facteur d’émissions unique pour les combustibles solides.
Dans la section « Exigences d’échantillonnage et d’analyse pour l’option de l’analyse périodique à la source », les participants à la combustion de déchets utilisant un combustible mixte (biomasse et non-biomasse) doivent mesurer la fraction de non-biomasse des concentrations de CO2 dans le flux de gaz conformément à la norme ASTM D6866.
Source: SR 2009/286
## Programmes recommandant la méthode du carbone 14
- **Office britannique des marchés du gaz et de l’électricité (OFGEM)**
Le régulateur du marché de l’électricité et du gaz OFGEM a approuvé l’utilisation de la méthode au carbone 14 par les installations de valorisation énergétique des déchets souhaitant obtenir un certificat vert “Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs)”. La méthode au carbone 14 est utilisée pour déterminer le contenu énergétique de la biomasse des matières premières des déchets par une analyse post-combustion des gaz de combustion.
REMARQUE : En 2016, l’OFGEM a décidé de refuser les candidatures au programme “Renewables Obligation” proposant l’utilisation de la méthode au carbone 14 uniquement pour les combustibles à base de déchets de bois. Les autres sources de combustibles sont évaluées au cas par cas.
- **Protocole CO2 et énergie du ciment de l’initiative ciment pour le développement durable**
L’Initiative ciment pour le développement durable du Conseil mondial des entreprises pour un développement durable (WBCSD CSI) cite la norme EN ISO 21644 comme norme pouvant être utilisée pour déterminer le carbone biogène dans la teneur en carbone total d’un combustible alternatif. Le document est destiné aux ingénieurs et producteurs de ciment.
Source: [Page 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") pour lire la version 3 du protocole
*Dernière mise à jour : août 2022*
---
### [Il test del carbonio rinnovabile nelle normative e nelle iniziative sui gas serra](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/determinazione-biomassa.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **AB32, dichiarazione obbligatoria delle emissioni di gas serra in California**
ASTM D6866 può essere utilizzato per misurare la percentuale di CO2 “carbon-neutral” prodotta dalla combustione di biomassa, rifiuti urbani o combustibili derivati da rifiuti con biomassa.
AB32 permette il campionamento del combustibile in alternativa al campionamento delle emissioni a condizione che (a) il combustibile sia riconosciuto dallo standard ASTM D6866 e (b) la composizione dei campioni raccolti per l’analisi rappresenti adeguatamente la composizione del combustibile.
AB32 è stata sostituita dal Senate Bill 32 (SB32).
- **Sistema per lo scambio delle quote di emissione dell’UE (ETS UE)**
L’EU ETS raccomanda [l’EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html) per misurare la frazione biogenica dei combustibili solidi secondari. Per i campioni liquidi e la CO2 presente nei gas di scarico è possibile utilizzare il metodo del carbonio-14 sotto lo standard EN ISO 21644 o ASTM D6866. In alternativa, per i gas di scarico, è possibile utilizzare lo standard [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/iso-13833.html).
- **Requisiti per la dichiarazione obbligatoria della Western Climate Initiative (WCI)**
I proprietari e i gestori delle fonti fisse di combustione che sfruttano combustibili misti e combustibili derivati dai rifiuti hanno l’obbligo di utilizzare ASTM D6866 per determinare la frazione derivata da biomassa delle emissioni di monossido di carbonio.
- **Regolamento finale sulla dichiarazione obbligatoria dei gas serra della US EPA**
ASTM D6866 viene utilizzato per la determinazione delle emissioni di CO2 biogenica prodotte dalla combustione di rifiuti urbani e combustibili misti (biogenici e non biogenici).
- **Metodologia ACM0022 del CDM delle Nazioni Unite:** “Metodologia consolidata su larga scala – Processi alternativi di trattamento dei rifiuti”
L’analisi con ASTM D6866 permette di misurare la frazione di carbonio fossile sul carbonio totale presente nei rifiuti urbani.
- **I protocolli del Climate Registry**
Il Climate Registry è stato creato allo scopo di fissare standard coerenti e trasparenti utilizzabili dalle imprese e dai governi di tutto il Nord America per calcolare, verificare e dichiarare la propria impronta di carbonio in un registro pubblico unificato.
L’analisi con ASTM D6866 è richiesta per il calcolo delle emissioni dei combustibili derivati da rifiuti e della biomassa.
Fonte: [Pagina 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf) del General Reporting Protocol di The Climate Registry Version 3.0 (maggio 2019)
Ai governi locali è richiesto di identificare e dichiarare le emissioni di CO2 prodotte dalla biomassa come emissioni biogeniche, distinte dalle emissioni da combustibili fossili. Lo standard ASTM D6866 è raccomandato per misurare le emissioni biogeniche dei biocombustibili, dei combustibili derivati da rifiuti e della biomassa in co-combustione in unità dotate di sistemi di monitoraggio in continuo delle emissioni.
Fonte: [Pagina 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf) del Local Government Operations Protocol di The Climate Registry Version 1.1 (maggio 2010)
ASTM D6866 è il metodo prescelto per la suddivisione delle emissioni di CO2 biogeniche e antropogeniche nell’ambito dell’Electric Power Sector Protocol del Climate Registry per il Voluntary Reporting Program.
Fonte: [Pagina 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf) del Electric Power Sector Protocol di The Climate Registry Version Version 1.0 (giugno 2009)
- **Sistema nazionale di dichiarazione dei gas serra del dipartimento per l’ambiente e l’energia australiano**
Il National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act del 2007 ha istituito un sistema di rendicontazione obbligatorio per le emissioni di gas serra e la produzione e il consumo di energia da parte delle aziende. Il primo periodo di rendicontazione è iniziato a luglio del 2008.
Nel sistema di dichiarazione NGER, è raccomandata l’analisi con ASTM D6866 per determinare la quantità di ciascun tipo di carburante nelle miscele liquide o solide.
Fonte: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (luglio 2022)
- **Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) di Environment and Climate Change Canada**
Dal 2004, il GHGRP raccoglie dati sulle emissioni di gas serra da tutte le strutture sul territorio canadese che emettono 10 kilotoni o più di gas serra in unità equivalenti di biossido di carbonio all’anno. Queste strutture sono tenute a presentare i loro rapporti entro il 1° giugno.
Secondo i requisiti di quantificazione dei gas serra (Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements) del programma, l’analisi con ASTM D6866 può essere usata per determinare la frazione biogenica delle emissioni di CO2. Se i combustibili o le miscele di combustibili bruciati contengono una quantità di biomassa che non è nota o non può essere documentata (come nel caso del combustibile derivato da pneumatici), il test ASTM D6866 deve essere effettuato su campioni rappresentativi di combustibile o gas di scarico almeno una volta ogni tre mesi. Se il combustibile è costituito da rifiuti solidi urbani, l’analisi ASTM D6866 deve essere effettuata sul gas di scarico.
Fonte: [Pagina 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") dei Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (dicembre 2021)
- **Normative della Nuova Zelanda sui cambiamenti climatici**
Il governo della Nuova Zelanda ha due regolamenti che richiedono l’analisi con ASTM D6866.
Ai sensi delle Climate Change (Stationary Energy and Industrial Processes) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/285), coloro che scelgono di utilizzare il metodo di monitoraggio continuo per calcolare le emissioni derivanti dalla combustione di oli usati, oli di scarto, pneumatici usati o rifiuti devono misurare le emissioni totali annue costituite da CO2, CH4 e N2O fossili (non derivanti da biomassa). Secondo la normativa, lo standard ASTM D6866 deve essere utilizzato per misurare la frazione fossile delle emissioni di CO2 quando il combustibile bruciato contiene sia biomassa sia altri materiali.
Anche coloro che decidono di utilizzare il metodo di analisi periodica delle fonti devono misurare le emissioni di gas serra. La frazione fossile della CO2 emessa viene determinata secondo la norma ASTM D6866.
Fonte: SR 2009/285
Ai sensi delle Climate Change (Unique Emissions Factors) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/286), nello specifico secondo i “requisiti per la richiesta di approvazione del fattore unico di emissione per i rifiuti calcolato utilizzando un’analisi standard”, ASTM D6866 può essere utilizzato da coloro che bruciano combustibili derivati dai rifiuti per calcolare un fattore di emissione unico per i combustibili solidi.
Come previsto dai “requisiti per il campionamento e misurazione per l’opzione di analisi periodica delle fonti”, le aziende che bruciano combustibili misti derivati dai rifiuti (biomassa e altri materiali non rinnovabili) devono misurare la frazione fossile della CO2 presente nei gas emessi, utilizzando la norma ASTM D6866.
Fonte: SR 2009/286
## Programmi che raccomandano l’uso del metodo del carbonio-14
- **Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM) del Regno Unito**
L’organismo regolatore del mercato di gas e elettricità OFGEM ha approvato l’uso del metodo del carbonio-14 da parte degli impianti di termovalorizzazione che necessitano di ottenere dei Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs). Il metodo del carbonio-14 si utilizza per determinare la quantità di energia fornita da biomassa, attraverso l’analisi dei fumi prodotti dalla combustione dei rifiuti.
NOTA: Nel 2016, OFGEM ha deciso di rifiutare le domande di partecipazione al programma Renewables Obligation che proponevano l’uso del metodo del carbonio-14 per i combustibili derivati dagli scarti legnosi. Altri combustibili alternativi vengono valutati caso per caso.
- **Il Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol della Cement Sustainability Initiative**
La Cement Sustainability Initiative del World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD CSI) cita EN ISO 21644 come standard di riferimento per la determinazione del carbonio biogenico rispetto al contenuto totale di carbonio di un combustibile alternativo. Il documento è rivolto a ingegneri e manager delle aziende produttrici di cemento.
Fonte: [Pagina 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") per la versione 3 del protocollo
*Ultimo aggiornamento: agosto 2022*
---
### [A análise de carbono renovável em regulamentações e iniciativas relacionadas aos gases do efeito estufa](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/determinacao-biomassa.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **California AB32 Prestação Obrigatória de Contas sobre as Emissões de GEE**
O método ASTM D6866 é usado para medir a porcentagem das emissões de CO2 de carbono neutro a partir da combustão de biomassa, resíduos sólidos municipais ou de combustíveis derivados de resíduos com biomassa.
O protocolo AB32 permite o uso de amostras de combustível, em vez de amostras de emissões, desde que: a) o combustível seja reconhecido pelo padrão ASTM D6866; e b) as amostras coletadas para análise sejam representativas de toda a composição do combustível.
O protocolo AB32 foi suplantado pelo projeto do senado estadunidense 32 (SB 32).
- **Sistema de Comércio de Licenças de Emissão da UE (CELE)**
O ETS da UE recomenda a norma [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html) para a medição do teor de biomassa dos combustíveis sólidos recuperados. Para os combustíveis e materiais líquidos, podem ser usadas as normas EN ISO 21644 e ASTM D6866. Para o CO2 nos gases de combustão, o padrão recomendado é o [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/iso-13833.html).
- **Iniciativa Ocidental do Clima (IOC) – Requisitos Obrigatórios de Prestação de Contas**
Exige-se que os proprietários ou gestores de unidades gerais estacionárias de combustão usuárias de combustíveis mistos e derivados de resíduos usem o método ASTM D6866 para determinar a fração de biomassa de suas emissões de dióxido de carbono.
- **APA dos EUA** Regulamentos Finais e Obrigatórios de Prestação de Contas Relacionados às Emissões de GEE
O método ASTM D6866 é usado para determinar o conteúdo de CO2 biogênico das emissões resultantes da combustão de resíduos sólidos municipais e de combustíveis mistos (combustíveis biogênicos ou não).
- **MDL das Nações Unidas Metodologia ACM0022:** “Metodologia Consolidada em Grande Escala – Processos alternativos de tratamento de resíduos”
A análise pela metodologia ASTM D6866 é realizada para medir a fração de carbono fóssil no teor total de carbono em resíduos sólidos municipais.
- **Protocolos da organização The Climate Registry**
The Climate Registry (TCR) visa estabelecer normas consistentes e transparentes na América do Norte para que empresas e governos possam calcular, verificar, e reportar ao público suas pegadas de carbono em um registro unificado.
Fonte: [Página 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s General Reporting Protocol") do Protocolo Geral de Reportagem do TCR Version 3.0 (maio de 2019)
Exige-se que os governos locais identifiquem e prestem contas das emissões de CO2 geradas pela combustão de biomassa como sendo emissões biogênicas, separadamente das emissões de combustíveis fósseis. A metodologia ASTM D6866 é recomendada para medir as emissões biogênicas provenientes dos biocombustíveis, combustíveis derivados de resíduos e co-combustão de biomassa em uma unidade com Sistemas de Monitoramento Contínuo de Emissões (ou CEMS).
Fonte: [Página 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol") do Protocolo de Operações Governamentais Locais do TCR Version 1.1 (maio de 2010)
ASTM D6866 é o método identificado para o particionamento das emissões antropogênicas e biogênicas de CO2 no Protocolo da TCR para o Setor de Energia Elétrica para o Programa Voluntário de Prestação de Contas.
Fonte: [Página 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol") do Protocolo para o Setor de Energia Elétrica do TCR Version Version 1.0 (junho de 2009)
- **Departamento de Meio Ambiente e Energia da Austrália – Sistema Nacional de Prestação de Contas Relacionadas às Emissões de GEE**
O decreto NGER (National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting) de 2007 estabeleceu um sistema de reportagem obrigatório para emissões de gases de efeito estufa e produção e consumo de energia corporativos. O primeiro período de reportagem sujeito ao decreto começou em 2008.
No sistema de reportagem NGER, recomenda-se a análise ASTM D6866 para determinar as quantias de cada tipo de combustível em misturas de combustíveis sólidos ou líquidos.
Fonte: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (julho de 2022)
- **Programa de reportagem de gases do efeito estufa do Canadá (GHGRP) para o meio ambiente e mudanças climáticas**
Desde 2004, o GHGRP coleta dados anuais das emissões de gases do efeito estufa (GEE) de instalações canadenses que emitam 10 ou mais quilotons de GEE em unidades equivalentes de dióxido de carbono. As instalações devem submeter seus relatórios até 1 de junho a cada ano.
Das exigências de quantificação de GEE do programa, pode-se empregar análises segundo a norma ASTM D6866 para determinar a porção biogênica das emissões de CO2. Se os combustíveis queimados ou misturas de combustíveis contiverem uma fração de biomassa desconhecida, ou que não possa ser documentada (por exemplo, combustível derivado de pneus), a análise por ASTM D6866 é conduzida em amostras representativas do combustível ou dos gases de escape pelo menos a cada três meses. Quando se queima resíduos sólidos urbanos, analisa-se o fluxo do gás de escape.
Fonte: [Página 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") de Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 do Canadá (dezembro 2021)
- **Regulamentos da Nova Zelândia Relacionados às Mudanças Climáticas**
O Governo da Nova Zelândia instaurou duas regulamentações que incorporam a norma ASTM D6866.
Segundo as Regulamentações de Mudança Climática (Energia Estacionária e Processos Industriais) de 2009 (SR 2009/285), aqueles que optarem pelo emprego do método contínuo de monitoramento para calcular as emissões da combustão de óleo usado, óleo de resíduos, pneus usados ou resíduos medirão suas emissões anuais totais nos parâmetros de CO2 não originado de biomassa, CH4 e N2O. De acordo com a regulamentação, a norma ASTM D6866 será utilizada para medir a fração não originada de biomassa de emissões de CO2 quando o combustível queimado contiver tanto biomassa quanto não-biomassa.
Aqueles que empregarem o método de análise periódica de fonte medirão as mesmas emissões de gases do efeito estufa. A fração não originada de biomassa das emissões totais de CO2 é determinada de acordo com a norma ASTM D6866.
Fonte: SR 2009/285
Para as Regulamentações de Mudança Climática (Fatores Únicos de Emissões) de 2009 (SR 2009/286), especificamente sob os “requisitos para a aprovação do fator único de emissões de resíduos calculado com a opção de análise por padrão”, o participante que queima resíduos poderá utilizar a norma ASTM D6866 para calcular um fator único de emissões para combustíveis sólidos.
Sob os “requisitos de amostragem e análises para a opção de análise periódica de fonte”, os participantes que queimam resíduos de combustíveis mistos (biomassa com não-biomassa) deverão medir a fração de não-biomassa das concentrações de CO2 do fluxo de gás de acordo com a norma ASTM D6866.
Fonte: SR 2009/286
## Programas que recomendam o método carbono-14
- **Agência de mercado de gás e eletricidade do Reino Unido (OFGEM)**
A agência de regulamentação do mercado de gás e eletricidade OFGEM aprovou o uso do método carbono-14 por instalações de valorização energética de resíduos que desejam obter Certificados de Obrigações de Uso de Energias Renováveis (ROCs). O método carbono-14 é utilizado para determinar o teor de energia proveniente de biomassa de matéria prima de resíduos pela análise da pós-combustão de gases de combustão.
OBSERVAÇÃO: Em 2016, o OFGEM decidiu recusar as candidaturas ao programa de Obrigações do Uso de Energias Renováveis que propusessem o uso do método carbono-14 apenas para combustíveis derivados de resíduos de madeira. Outras fontes de combustíveis alternativos são avaliadas caso a caso.
- **Protocolo de CO2 e energia para cimento da Iniciativa para a Sustentabilidade do Cimento**
A Iniciativa para a Sustentabilidade do Cimento do Conselho Empresarial Mundial para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (WBCSD CSI) cita a norma EN ISO 21644 como um padrão que pode ser usado para determinar o carbono biogênico no teor geral de carbono de um combustível alternativo. O documento é dirigido a engenheiros e gestores de produtoras de cimento.
Fonte: [Página 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") para visualizar a Versão 3 do Protocolo
*Última atualização: agosto de 2022*
---
### [각종 규제 및 GHG 제도에서의 재생 탄소 실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **캘리포니아 AB32 Mandatory GHG Emissions Reporting**
바이오 매스 혹은 바이오 매스를 포함한 도시 고형 폐기물이나 재생 연료의 소각 시, [탄소 중립 이산화탄소](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html) 배출 함량의 측정을 위해 ASTM D6866을 사용합니다.
AB32 은 (a) ASTM D6866으로 실험할 경우, 그리고 (b) 분석용 시료가 연료 전체 구성의 대표성을 가졌을 경우, 배출 가스 시료 대신 연료 시료로 측정을 허락합니다.
Senate Bill 32 (SB32)이 AB32을 파기합니다.
- **유럽 연합의 온실 가스 배출 거래제 (EU ETS)**
EU ETS는 고체 재생 연료의 바이오매스 함량 측정을 위해 [EN ISO 21644:2021을](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html) 권장합니다. 액체 시료 및 가스 상태의 CO2 측정은 EN ISO 21644의 탄소-14 방법이나 ASTM D6866을 사용할 수 있으며, [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) 은 가스 상태의 CO2 측정의 다른 옵션입니다.
- **Western Climate Initiative (WCI)의 강제 보고 의무 규정**
혼합 연료와 폐기물 연료 이용하는 발전 설비 기기 운영자/소유자는 이산화탄소 배출 시, 바이오 유래 함량을 측정하기 위해 반드시 ASTM D6866 실험을 해야합니다.
- **미 환경청의 최종 GHG 보고 강제 룰**
도시 고형 폐기물과 혼합 연료 (바이오제닉과 비 바이오제닉 연료)의 소각 시 발생하는 이산화탄소 중 바이오제닉 함량을 측정하기 위해 ASTM D6866을 사용합니다.
- **UN의 CDM Methodology ACM0022:** “Large-scale Consolidated Methodology – 대체 폐기물 처리 과정”
도시 고형 폐기물의 전체 탄소 함량 중 화석 탄소 함량을 측정하기 위해 ASTM D6866 실험법을 사용합니다.
- **Climate Registry Protocols**
Climate Registry는 단일의 통합된 기록으로 탄소 발자국의 계산, 증명, 공개 보고를 위해, 전 북미의 기업 및 주정부들을 통해 일관성과 투명한 표준 방식의 확립을 목표로 하고 있습니다.
폐기 연료와 바이오매스에서 발생하는 배출가스의 측정 시, 반드시 ASTM D6866 실험법을 사용합니다.
출처: [Page 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s General Reporting Protocol") – TCR’s General Reporting Protocol Version 3.0 (2019년 5월)
지방 정부는 화석 연료 배출과 별개로 바이오제닉 배출의 일환으로 바이오매스 이산화탄소 배출을 구별해 보고할 의무가 있으며, 바이오연료, 폐기 연료, CEM 유닛에서 바이오매스 혼합 소각의 바이오제닉 배출 측정에 ASTM D6866 실험법을 추천합니다.
출처: [Page 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol") – TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol Version 1.1 (2010년 5월)
TCR의 자발적 보고 프로그램에 대한 발전 분야 프로토콜에서 인류 발생적이며, 바이오제닉 이산화탄소 배출을 구별하는데 ASTM D6866 실험이 쓰입니다.
출처: [Page 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol") – TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol Version Version 1.0 (2009년 6월)
- **호주 환경 및 에너지부의 온실 및 에너지 보고 계획**
National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 는 기업의 GHG 배출 및 에너지 생산과 소비 부문의 강제 보고 시스템으로 만들어졌습니다. 첫 보고 기간은 2008년 7월이었습니다.
NGER 보고 시스템에서, ASTM D6866 분석법은 혼합 액체 및 고체 연료에서 각각의 연료 종류의 양 측정에 사용 권장됩니다.
출처: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (2022년 7월 )
- **환경 및 기후변화 캐나다의 온실가스 보고 프로그램(GHGRP)**
2004년부터 GHGRP는 매년 이산화탄소 배출 단위로 GHG 10킬로톤 이상을 배출하는 캐나다 전 지역 시설의 온실가스 배출 데이터를 수집해왔습니다. 이들 시설들은 매년 6월 1일 보고서를 제출해야 합니다.
이 프로그램의 온실가스 자격 요구 사항에서는 이산화탄소 배출 중 바이오제닉 부분의 측정을 위해 ASTM D6866 실험을 해야 합니다. 알지 못하거나 문서화 할 수 없는 (예: 폐 타이어 연료) 바이오매스를 포함한 합성 연료의 경우, 최소 매 분기마다 ASTM D6866 실험을 필요로 합니다. 만약 도시 폐 쓰레기를 태울 경우, 배기 가스에서 ASTM D6866-16 분석을 해야 합니다.
출처: [페이지 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2021)") 캐나다 온실가스 자격 요구 사항 버전 4.0 (2021년 12월)
- **뉴질랜드의 기후 변화 규정**
뉴질랜드 정부에는 ASTM D6866과 관련한 2가지 규제 정책이 있습니다.
Climate Change (Stationary Energy and Industrial Processes) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/285)에 따르면, 재생 오일, 폐기 오일, 재생 타이어, 폐기물을 소각에 대한 배출 가스 측정을 위한 연속 배기 모니터링 방법을 사용하는 사람들은 비-바이오매스인 CO2, CH4, N2O로 이루어진 전체 년간 배출량을 측정해야 하며, 이 규정에 따르면, ASTM D6866은 바이오매스와 비-바이오매스가 같이 소각될 경우, CO2 배출 가스의 비-바이오매스 부분을 측정하는데 사용합니다.
주기별 소재 실험 방법을 쓰는 사람들 역시 같은 온실 가스 배출량을 측정해야 하며, ASTM D6866에 따라 전체 CO2 배출 가스 중 비-바이오매스 부분을 측정해야 합니다.
출처: SR 2009/285
Climate Change (Unique Emissions Factors) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/286)에서, 특히 “표준 실험 방식을 사용한 폐기물 계산의 유일한 배출가스 요인 승인의 적용 규정” 에 따르면, ASTM D6866 방식은 고체 연료의 배출가스 요인 계산을 위한 폐기물 소각 방식에 사용될 수 있습니다.
“주기별 소재 실험 방식의 시료 채집 실험 규정”하에서, 혼합 연료 (바이오와 비-바이오)를 사용한 폐기물 소각 방식에서는 ASTM D6866에서 가스 배출관에서 CO2 농도의 비-바이오 부분을 측정해야만 합니다.
출처: [SR 2009/286](https://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/2009/0286/latest/DLM2378500.html)
## 탄소 14 방법을 권장하는 프로그램들
- **영국의 Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM)**
영국의 전력 및 가스 시장 관리기구인 OFGEM은 Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs) 신청하는 폐기물-에너지 업체들에게 탄소 14 분석법 사용을 허락합니다. 탄소 14 분석법은 배출 가스 소각 후 분석 방법으로 폐기물 중 바이오매스 에너지 함량을 측정하는데 사용합니다.
참고사항: 2016년에 OFGEM은 폐기 목재 재생 연료의 방사성탄소 방법을 사용을 제시한 Renewables Obligation 프로그램 신청을 거부했습니다. 다른 종류의 연료들은 케이스 바이 케이스 측정합니다.
- **Cement Sustainability Initiative’s 시멘트 CO2 와 에너지 프로토콜**
Sustainable Development’s Cement Sustainability Initiative (WBCSD CSI)에 관한 World Business Council은 대안 연료의 탄소 함량 중 바이오제닉 탄소 함량을 측정하는 표준 방식으로 EN ISO 21644을 채택했습니다. 이것은 시멘트 제조업자들을 목표로 하고 있습니다.
출처: [Page 90](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") – Protocol Version 3
*관련 자료: 2022년 8월*
---
### [各国規制＆GHGイニシアチブでの再生可能炭素試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **カリフォルニア州 AB32 Mandatory GHG Emissions Reporting**
ASTM D6866はバイオマス、都市廃棄物(MSW)、バイオマスを含むごみ固形燃料の燃焼から排出されるカーボンニュートラルなCO2の割合を測定するための標準試験です。
AB32では、(a) 燃料がASTM D6866に対応、(b)供試料が燃料の代表標本である、という条件を満たしていれば排出ガスの代わりに、供給燃料の測定が認められています。
現在は、AB32の後継法案として法案 32 号（SB32: Senate Bill No. 32）が成立しています。
- **欧州連合域内排出量取引制度 (EU ETS)
EU ETSでは、固体回収燃料のバイオマス画分を測定するために[EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html)を推奨しています。液体サンプルと煙道ガス中のCO2には、EN ISO 21644の炭素14法またはASTM D6866を使用できます。 ISO 13833は、煙道ガス中のCO2測定に使用できるもう1つの測定方法です。
- **西部気候イニシアチブ (WCI: Western Climate Initiative) Requirements of Mandatory Reporting**
混合燃料やごみ固形燃料を使用する一般的な定常燃焼施設の所有者/経営者は、二酸化炭素排出ガスのバイオマス比率を測定するために、ASTM D6866試験を使用することが義務づけられています。
- **US EPA (米国環境保護庁) Final Mandatory GHG Reporting Rule**
ASTM D6866は、都市廃棄物(MSW)や混合燃料(生物起源燃料および非生物起源燃料)の燃焼により排出される生物起源CO2の測定に利用されます。
- **UN CDM (国連クリーン開発メカニズム) Methodology ACM0022:**「大規模方法論 – 代替廃棄処理プロセス」
ASTM D6866試験は、都市廃棄物(MSW)といったごみ固形燃料からの排出ガス中の化石起源炭素濃度を測定するために行われます。
- **気候レジストリープロトコール(Climate Registry Protocols)**
気候レジストリーは、企業および政府が二酸化炭素排出量を単一の統一されたレジストリで計算、検証、および公開するために、北米全体で一貫した透明性のある基準を確立することを目的としています。
廃燃料やバイオマスからの排出量を算出する際、ASTM D6866試験が義務づけられています。
出典：TCR ジェネラルレポートプロトコル [35-36ページ](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s General Reporting Protocol") of TCR’s General Reporting Protocol Version 3.0 (2019年5月)
地方自治体では、化石燃料排出物とは区別して、生体起源排出物としてのバイオマスCO2排出量の確認および報告が義務づけられています。 バイオ燃料、廃燃料、CEMSを用いたユニット中で混合燃焼されるバイオマスからの生体起源排出量の測定に、ASTM D6866が推奨されています。
出典：TCR 地方自治体運営プロトコル [84ページ](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol") for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol Version 1.1 (2010年5月)
ASTM D6866は、Voluntary ReportingプログラムのためのTCR Electric Power Sector Protocolにおいて、人為的CO2排出物と生体起源CO2排出物の分離を確認するために使用される方法です。
出典：TCR 電力セクタープロトコル [46ページ](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol") for TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol Version Version 1.0 (2009年6月)
- **オーストラリア Department of the Environment and Energy National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Scheme**
2007年のNational Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007は、企業のGHG排出量とエネルギーの生産と消費に関する必須報告システムを確立しました。この法律に基づく最初の報告期間は2008年7月に始まりました。
NGERレポートシステムでは、ASTM D6866分析を使用して、混合液体または固体燃料の各種類の燃料の量を決定することを推奨しています。
出典：2017年から2018年の報告年度におけるオーストラリアの施設による排出量の推定に関する技術ガイドライン [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels ](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) – National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (2022年7月)
- **環境および気候変動に関するカナダ温室効果ガスレポートプログラム(GHGRP)**
2004年以来、GHGRPはカナダ国内で二酸化炭素相当で10キロトン/1年以上の温室効果ガスを排出する 施設の温室効果ガスの排出データを収集しています。これらの施設は毎年6月1日にレポートを提出する必要があります。
このプログラムの温室効果ガス評価要件では、CO2排出中のバイオジェニック画分をASTM D6866によって 決定することが認められています。 もし燃料や混合燃料のバイオマス画分が未知の場合(例、 廃タイヤ燃料)、 少なくとも3ヶ月毎に代表する燃料サンプルまたは排出ガスのASTM D6866試験を行います。
ごみ固形燃料を使用する場合は、排出ガスのASTM D6866-16 試験を行います。
S出典 [Page 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (2021年12月)") of Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (2021年12月)
- **ニュージーランド Climate Change Regulations**
ニュージーランド政府には、ASTM D6866を組み込んだ規制が2つのあります。
Climate Change (Stationary Energy and Industrial Processes) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/285)では、使用済み油、廃油、使用済みタイヤ、または廃棄物の燃焼からの排出量を継続してモニタリング方法を使用する場合、非バイオマスCO2、CH4、N2Oの年間総排出量を測定します。同規制では、排出量の非バイオマス部分の測定に使用されます。
なお、定期的に発生源試験方法を使用する場合にも同じ温室効果ガス排出量を測定します。総CO2排出量の非バイオマス部分は、ASTM D6866に従って決定されます。
出典：SR 2009/285
Climate Change Regulations（Unique Emissions Factor）2009（SR 2009/286）の特に「定期的な発生源テストオプションのための独自排出係数の承認申請要件」では、混合燃料（バイオマスと非バイオマス）を使用する廃棄物燃焼業者は、ASTM D6866の試験方法でガス中のCO2濃度中の非バイオマスの割合を測定しなければなりません。
出典：SR 2009/286
## C14法を推奨しているプログラム
- **イギリス Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM)**
電気/ガス市場規制機関であるOFGEMは、再生可能エネルギー証明書 (ROCs: Renewable Obligation Certificates)を申請する廃棄物エネルギー設備によるC14法の使用を承認しました。C14法は、煙道ガスの燃焼後分析による廃棄原料中のバイオマスエネルギー含有率を測定するのに使用される。
注：2016年、OFGEMは、廃木材由来燃料のみに炭素14法を使用することを提案した可能エネルギー購入義務プログラムに対する申請を拒絶することを決定しました。他の代替燃料源については、その都度ケースバイケースで評価されます。
- **Cement Sustainability Initiative（CSI）の セメントCO2およびエネルギープロトコル**
WBCSD CSI（World Business Council for Sustainable Development’s Cement Sustainability Initiative：持続可能な開発のための世界経済人会議のセメントの持続可能性のためのイニシアチブ）は、代替燃料の全炭素量に対する生物由来炭素の測定にかかる標準規格としてEN ISO 21644を挙げています。また、その文書は、セメント製造企業の技術者・管理者を対象としています。
出典：Protocol Version 3は [90ページ](http://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/v3/Content/Resources/Downloads/CSI_Internet_Manual.pdf#page=90 "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol")
*最終更新：2022年8月*
---
### [為什麼要測量生物燃料的生物源碳含量?](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biofuels.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [檢測或驗證生質燃料混合物的準確性](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/accuracy-checks.html)
誠如顧客、供應商、製造商或經銷商要求，生物源／可再生碳含量的ASTM D6866測試，是全球公認的第三方認證，可用來檢測生質燃料混合物旳準確性。
## 生物源碳含量的精確數據
研發產品時，可再生含量的數據資料至關重大。測試有助於預估進程，因生物源碳含量會隨著時間優化。
## [稅收減免和其他獎勵](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html)
世界各地的初步行動中，有些會鼓勵使用生質燃料，並要求執行液體燃料的生物源含量測試，如[美國環保局可再生燃料標準](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html)，其規定使用ASTM D6866進行測試。
###### 生物源碳測試能為我做什麼?
由生物質製造的生質燃料、固體、液體或氣體燃料，被視為非常好的化石燃料替代品，因為它們燃燒時會產生碳中和二氧化碳。如生質乙醇和生質柴油等，當今市場上的大多數生質燃料都是來自含碳14、行光合作用的植物，而生物源碳測試使用碳14測定技術來確定，生質燃料和其他生質產品的生物源和化石成分含量。舉例來說，生物乙醇和乙醇合成的化石衍生物在化學成分上是相同的，但碳14檢測可以準確區分這兩種化合物。
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### 您正在用生質燃料？驗證看看!
*Beta實驗室，品質高且快速的生質燃料測試服務。*[聯繫我們](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [なぜバイオ燃料のバイオジェニック炭素含有率を測定するのでしょうか?](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biofuels.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [バイオ燃料混合率の正確さの検証](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/accuracy-checks.html)
ASTM D6866 試験はバイオディーゼルなどのバイオジェニック炭素もしくは再生可能炭素の含有率を測定する方法として広く認知されており、バイオ燃料混合率の正確さを検証するための第三者機関による認証手段として顧客、原料供給者などのサプライヤー、生産者、販売業者に必要とされています。
## バイオジェニック炭素の含有率を正確に高精度で決定する
研究開発、製品開発の段階で正確で精度の高いバイオジェニック炭素濃度を知ることができます。 これによりバイオ由来成分の濃度を最大に、化石由来成分の濃度を最少にするためのプロセスに貢献します。
## [税額控除やその他のインセンティブの証明として](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html)
各国におけるさまざまな戦略がバイオ燃料の使用およびそのバイオ由来成分の定量を推奨しています。例えば [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html)はASTM D6866 試験を明記しています。
###### バイオジェニック炭素の試験で何を知ることができますか？
バイオマス由来の固形･液体･気体燃料は、燃焼した時にカーボン･ニュートラルな炭素を排出します。そのため化石燃料の優れた代替燃料として利用可能です。現在市場で流通しているバイオエタノールやバイオディーゼルなどのほとんどは放射性炭素(C14)を含む光合成を行う植物から製造されています。
バイオジェニック炭素の含有率試験は放射性炭素年代測定(C14年代測定)の技術を用いて、バイオ燃料やその他のバイオベース製品のバイオジェニック炭素と化石起源炭素の含有率を決定します。 例えば、バイオ･エタノールと化石由来の合成エタノールは化学成分的には区別がつきませんが、放射性炭素(C14)を測定することによって正確に区別をすることが可能です。
#### ベータ・アナリティックの専門家におまかせください!
##### 迅速な試験納期 14 営業日
一年を通じて14 営業日で結果をお知らせしています。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 試験報告書には品質管理レポート([Quality Assurance reports](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html))が添付されます。
##### ASTM D6866 メソッドの共同開発者です
ベータ・アナリティックは [ASTM D6866 メソッド](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) の開発者の重要な一員です。 また世界の主要なバイオベース･イニシアチブのすべてに技術アドバイザーとして貢献してきました。
##### 放射性炭素(C14)測定における世界的なリーダー
1979年以来 [ISO 17025 認定の](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) ベータ・アナリティックは放射性炭素年代測定(C14)測定における世界的なリーダーです。
##### 専門家による無料の技術相談
ベータ・アナリティックでは複雑なバイオベース試料に関して高度な知識を持つプロフェッショナルの専門家が常駐しています。そうした専門家による技術相談は無料で承っています。
##### トレーサー・フリー試験所
ベータ・アナリティックは薬物動態学関連の試料、バイオメディカル関連の試料など人工的に放射性炭素(C14)がラベルされた試料は、クロス・コンタミネーションのリスクを避けるため一切お引き受けしていません。
### あなたはバイオ燃料を使用していますか? 証明しましょう!
*信頼性が高く、正確で、納期の速いバイオ燃料試験はベータ・アナリティックにおまかせください。*[お問い合わせ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [바이오 연료의 바이오매스 탄소 함량 측정의 필요성](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [정확한 바이오 연료 합성 물질의 증명이나 확인 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/accuracy-checks.html)
바이오매스/재생 탄소 함량 측정 방식인 ASTM D6866 실험은 고객, 공급업자, 생산업자, 유통업자 등 모두에게 필요한 바이오 연료 합성 물질을 확인하기 위한 증명 수단으로 세계적으로 널리 인정받고 있습니다.
## 정확한 데이타 취득
재생 물질의 함량에 관한 믿을 수 있는 데이타는 샹품 개발의 연구 개발 단게에서 매우 중요합니다. 바이오매스 탄소 함량이 충분한지 지속적으로 측정 가능합니다.
## 세금 감면이나 다른 인센티브 제도의 수량화 작업 가능.
전 세계적으로 바이오 연료 사용을 권장하는 다양한 인센티브 제도가 있으며, ASTM D6866 실험을 촉진하는 [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html) 와 같이 액체 연료의 바이오매스 함량의 측정이 필요한 현실입니다.
###### 바이오 매스 함량 실험의 혜택
바이오매스에서 만들어 낸 바이오 연료 혹은 기체, 액체, 고체 연료들은 연소할 때 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 방출하므로 화석 연료의 대안으로 좋습니다. 오늘날 흔히 보이는 바이오 에탄올 혹은 바이오 디젤과 같은 바이오 연료들은 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 광합성하는 식물에서 만들어집니다.
바이오매스 탄소 실험은 방사성탄소 연대측정 분석 기법을 이용하여 바이오 연료나 다른 바이오 매스 상품의 바이오매스 대비 화석 물질의 함량을 측정합니다. 예를 들어 바이오 에탄올과 합성 화석 에탄올의 경우, 화학적으로 동일하여 구분이 안되지만 방사성탄소 분석 실험을 통해서 두 개를 명확히 구별할 수 있습니다.
#### Beta 연구소의 전문 기술의 잇점
##### 7 영업일 이내의 실험 결과 보고
Beta 연구소는 일반적으로 7 영업일 이내에 보고서를 보내드립니다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 모든 결과는 고품질 보증 보고서 ([Quality Assurance reports](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)) 와 시료 사진과 더불어 온라인에 접속해서 언제 어디서든 보실 수 있습니다.
##### ASTM D6866 실험 방식의 공동 개발자
Beta 연구소는 [ASTM D6866 실험 방식의](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) 개발자로 참여했으며, 전세계 모든 바이오매스 표준화 작업을 하는 기관의 기술 자문 역할을 하고 있습니다.
##### 방사성탄소 측정 분야 세계 선두 기업
1979년 이래로 [ISO 17025-인증 업체인](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) Beta 연구소는 방사성탄소 측정 분야 세계 선두 기업입니다.
##### 전문가의 기술 자문
Beta 연구소는 바이오 연료를 포함한 복잡한 시료들에 대하여 타의 추종을 불허하는 전문 기술이 있습니다. 무제한 의 기술 자문을 대 고객 서비스의 일환으로 해드립니다.
##### 추적자 비취급 연구소
Beta 연구소는 자연 재생 탄소 측정 시 상호 교차 오염을 일을킬 수 있는 인공 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 의약품 시료들을 취급하지 않습니다.
### 바이오 연료를 사용 중이신가요? 증명해 보세요!
*신속하고 고품격의 바이오 연료 실험 서비스를 원하시면 Beta 연구소를 선택하세요.*[연락처](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [Por que medir o teor de carbono biogênico em biocombustíveis?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [Verifique ou comprove a exatidão de misturas de biocombustíveis](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/verificacao-de-exatidao.html)
A medição ASTM D6866 do teor de carbono biogênico/renovável é reconhecida mundialmente como uma verificação por terceiros para apurar a exatidão de misturas de biocombustíveis, como exigido por clientes, fornecedores, fabricantes ou distribuidores.
## Obtenha dados precisos sobre o teor de carbono biogênico
Dados confiáveis sobre o conteúdo renovável são vitais durante a fase de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de produtos. O teste pode medir o progresso de como o teor de carbono biogênico é otimizado ao longo do tempo.
## Qualifique o produto para obter créditos fiscais e outros incentivos
Um grande número de iniciativas em todo o mundo incentiva a utilização de biocombustíveis e exige uma medição da fração biogênica de combustíveis líquidos, tais como o [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html), que estipula a análise segundo a norma ASTM D6866.
###### O que o teste de carbono biogênico pode fazer por mim?
Biocombustíveis e combustíveis sólidos, líquidos ou gasosos produzidos a partir de biomassa são divulgados como boas alternativas aos combustíveis fósseis porque produzem CO2 neutro em carbono quando queimados. A maioria dos biocombustíveis, como o bioetanol e o biodiesel presentes no mercado, é processada a partir de plantas fotossintéticas contendo carbono-14.
Os testes de carbono biogênico utilizam tecnologia de carbono-14 para determinar a fração biogênica em relação à fração fóssil de biocombustíveis e outros bioprodutos. Por exemplo, bioetanol e etanol sintético derivados de fósseis são quimicamente indiferenciáveis, mas os testes com carbono-14 podem distinguir os dois com precisão.
#### Aproveite as vantagens oferecidas pelo Beta Analytic!
##### Resultados de testes em apenas 7 dias úteis
O laboratório fornece relatórios em até 7 dias úteis. Dispõe também de serviço prioritário com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Os resultados podem ser acessados online 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, e incluem [relatórios de controle de qualidade](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) fotos da amostra.
##### Co-desenvolvedores do método ASTM D6866
O laboratório foi um dos principais desenvolvedores do [método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html) e serviu como consultor técnico para todas as principais iniciativas de normatização de produtos biobaseados em todo o mundo, inclusive as normas [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/iso-13833.html).
##### Líder mundial em medições de carbono-14
Desde 1979, o Beta Analytic, [acreditado pela ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), é líder mundial em medições de carbono-14.
##### Consultas técnicas gratuitas com nossos especialistas
O Beta Analytic tem experiência inigualável com amostras biobaseadas complexas.
##### Laboratório livre de marcadores
O laboratório não aceita amostras farmacêuticas que contenham carbono-14 artificial, que pode causar contaminação nas medições de carbono biobaseado.
### Seus combustíveis são neutros em carbono? Prove!
*Escolha o Beta Analytic para análises de carbono renovável rápidas, confiáveis e de alta qualidade.* [ENTRE EM CONTATO](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
---
### [Perché misurare il contenuto di carbonio biogenico dei biocombustibili?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [Per controllare o provare l’accuratezza delle miscele di biocarburanti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/controllo-accuratezza.html)
La misurazione del carbonio biogenico/rinnovabile ASTM D6866 è riconosciuta in tutto il mondo come strumento per la verifica in conto terzi, richiesta da clienti, fornitori, produttori o distributori, dell’accuratezza delle miscele di biocarburanti.
## Per ottenere dati precisi sul contenuto di carbonio biogenico
Informazioni affidabili sul contenuto rinnovabile sono fondamentali durante la fase di R&D di un prodotto. Il test può essere utilizzato per monitorare i progressi via via che il contenuto di carbonio biogenico viene ottimizzato nel tempo.
## [Per ottenere la qualificazione per crediti d’imposta e altri incentivi](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/regolamenti.html)
Diverse iniziative in tutto il mondo incoraggiano l’uso dei biocombustibili e richiedono la misurazione della frazione biogenica dei combustibili liquidi, ad esempio lo [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html), che prevede l’analisi ASTM D6866.
###### In che modo la misurazione del carbonio biogenico può essere utile per la mia azienda?
I biocombustibili, ovvero combustibili solidi, liquidi o gassosi prodotti da biomassa, sono promossi come buone alternative ai combustibili fossili, perché producono anidride carbonica ad impatto zero quando vengono bruciati. La maggior parte dei combustibili oggi disponibili sul mercato, come il bioetanolo e il biodiesel, vengono prodotti a partire da piante fotosintetiche che contengono carbonio-14.
L’analisi del carbonio biogenico impiega la tecnologia di datazione al carbonio-14 per determinare le percentuali delle frazioni biogeniche e fossili di biocombustibili e altri prodotti biobased. Ad esempio, il bioetanolo e l’etanolo sintetico di derivazione fossile sono chimicamente indistinguibili, ma l’analisi al carbonio-14 è in grado di identificarli con precisione.
#### I vantaggi dell’esperienza di Beta Analytic
##### Risultati in soli 7 giorni lavorativi
Il laboratorio consegna regolarmente i risultati in soli 7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. I risultati possono essere consultati online 24/7 e includono [report di Garanzia di Qualità](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) e foto dei campioni.
##### Co-sviluppatore del metodo ASTM D6866
Il laboratorio ha fatto parte degli sviluppatori del [metodo ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html) ed è stato consulente tecnico per tutte le maggiori iniziative di standardizzazione del mondo.
##### Leader mondiale nella misurazione del carbonio-14
Dal 1979, il laboratorio [certificato ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) di Beta Analytic è leader mondiale nella misurazione del carbonio-14.
##### Consulenza tecnica esperta
Beta Analytic ha un’esperienza senza pari nell’analisi di campioni complessi, tra cui anche i biocombustibili. Il nostro servizio include una consulenza tecnica gratuita e illimitata.
##### Laboratorio tracer-free
Il laboratorio non accetta campioni farmaceutici contenenti carbonio-14 artificiale, che possono produrre una contaminazione incrociata dei campioni rinnovabili.
### Stai utilizzando un biocombustibile? Provalo!
*Scegli Beta Analytic per analisi dei combustibili rapide e di alta qualità.*[CONTATTI](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
---
### [Pourquoi mesurer le contenu en carbone biogène des biocarburants?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [Vérifier ou prouver l’exactitude des mélanges de biocarburants](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/controle-exactitude.html)
La mesure ASTM D6866 du contenu en carbone renouvelable / biogène est reconnue dans le monde entier comme une vérification par une tierce partie permettant de contrôler l’exactitude des mélanges de biocarburants, comme cela est demandé par les clients, fournisseurs, fabricants ou distributeurs.
## Obtenir des données précises sur le contenu en carbone biogène
Permet d’obtenir des données fiables sur le contenu renouvelable qui sont essentielles au cours de la phase R&D de développement d’un produit. Le test permet de mesurer l’évolution du contenu biogène car celui-ci est optimisé au fil du temps.
## [Se qualifier pour des crédits d’impôt et autres mesures incitatives](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/reglementations.html)
Plusieurs initiatives du monde entier encouragent l’utilisation des biocarburants au lieu des carburants fossiles et demandent de mesurer la fraction biogène des biocarburants, tel le programme “[Renewable Fuel Standard” de l’EPA américain](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html), qui recommande l’analyse ASTM D6866.
###### Que peut m’apporter l’analyse du carbone biogène?
Les biocarburants et carburants solides, liquides ou gazeux produits à partir de la biomasse sont présentés comme de bonnes alternatives aux carburants fossiles car ils produisent du dioxyde de carbone neutre en carbone quand ils sont brûlés. La plupart des biocarburants sur le marché aujourd’hui tels que le bio-éthanol et biodiesel sont issus de plantes photosynthétiques contenant du carbone 14.
L’analyse du carbone biogène utilise le principe de la datation au carbone 14 pour déterminer la fraction biogène par rapport à la fraction fossile des biocarburants et autres produits biosourcés. Par exemple, le bio-éthanol et l’éthanol synthétique dérivé de source fossile sont chimiquement indifférentiables mais l’analyse du carbone 14 va différentier les deux de façon exacte.
#### Profitez de l’expertise de Beta Analytic !
##### Résultats dès 7 jours ouvrés
Le laboratoire communique les résultats en 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Les résultats sont accessibles en ligne à tout moment, accompagnés des [rapports d’assurance qualité](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/lab-qa.html) et de photos des échantillons.
##### Co-développeurs de la méthode ASTM D6868
Beta Analytic est l’un des principaux développeurs de la [méthode ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html) et a servi de conseiller technique pour toutes les initiatives de normalisation biosourcées dans le monde.
##### Leader mondial en mesures carbone 14
Depuis 1979, le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité [ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) est le leader mondial en mesures carbone-14.
##### Consultation technique gratuite de nos experts
Beta Analytic a une expérience inégalée avec les échantillons complexes, y compris les biocarburants. Nos services incluent une consultation technique gratuite et illimitée.
##### Laboratoire exempt de traceur
Beta Analytic n’accepte pas les échantillons pharmaceutiques contenant du carbone 14 artificiel afin d’éviter tout risque de contamination croisée avec les mesures de carbone renouvelable.
### Vous utilisez des biocarburants? Prouvez-le!
*Choisissez Beta Analytic pour des analyses de biocarburants rapides et de haute qualité !* [CONTACTEZ-NOUS](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
---
### [¿Por qué medir el contenido de carbono biogénico de biocombustibles?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [Verifique o compruebe la precisión de las mezclas de biocombustibles](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/verificaciones-de-exactitud.html)
La medición del contenido de carbono renovable por el método ASTM D6866 es reconocida mundialmente como una verificación independiente de la precisión de las mezclas de combustibles, tal como lo requieren los clientes, proveedores, fabricantes o distribuidores.
## Obtenga información precisa sobre el contenido de carbono biogénico
La información confiable sobre el contenido de base renovable es fundamental durante la fase de investigación y desarrollo de su producto. El análisis puede medir el progreso alcanzado mientras se optimiza el contenido de carbono biogénico de manera gradual.
## [Reúna los requisitos para obtener créditos fiscales y otros incentivos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/reglamentos.html)
Varias iniciativas a nivel mundial alientan el uso de biocombustibles y requieren la medición de la fracción biogénica de combustibles líquidos, tales como la [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html), la cual utiliza el método ASTM D6866.
###### ¿Cómo puede ayudarme el análisis del contenido de carbono biogénico?
Los biocombustibles, combustibles sólidos, líquidos o gaseosos producidos a partir de la biomasa, son considerados buenas alternativas a los combustibles fósiles en virtud de que no generan emisiones netas de carbono cuando son incinerados. La mayoría de los biocombustibles que existen en el mercado como el bioetanol y el biodiesel son procesados a partir de plantas fotosintéticas que contienen Carbono 14.
El análisis del contenido de carbono biogénico utiliza la tecnología de la datación por Carbono 14 para determinar la fracción biogénica y de origen fósil de biocombustibles y otros productos de base biológica. Por ejemplo, el bioetanol y el etanol sintético de origen fósil no pueden diferenciarse químicamente, pero el análisis por Carbono 14 puede distinguir con precisión a cada uno.
#### ¡Aproveche la experiencia de Beta Analytic!
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##### Beta Analytic es uno de los desarrolladores del método ASTM D6866
El laboratorio fue uno de los desarrolladores clave del [método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html) y ha sido asesor técnico en las principales iniciativas mundiales de estandarización del análisis del contenido de base biológica.
##### Líder mundial en mediciones de Carbono 14
Desde 1979, el laboratorio Beta Analytic, [certificado con la norma ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), ha sido el líder mundial en mediciones de Carbono 14.
##### Consulta técnica especializada
Beta Analytic cuenta con experiencia incomparable en el análisis de muestras complejas, entre ellas biocombustibles. Nuestros servicios incluyen consultas técnicas gratuitas ilimitadas.
##### Laboratorio libre de marcadores
El laboratorio no acepta muestras farmacéuticas que contengan Carbono 14 artificial y que pueden contaminar las mediciones del contenido de base biológica.
### ¿Está utilizando biocombustibles? ¡Compruébelo!
*Elija Beta Analytic para análisis de biocombustibles rápidos y de alta calidad.*[CONTÁCTENOS](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
---
### [Regulations and Tax Credit Programs Requiring Biobased Content Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/regulatory-bodies.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **EU Policy Framework on Biobased, Biodegradable, and Compostable Plastics**
On November 30, 2022, the EU Commission issued a policy framework on Biobased Plastics (BBP) and Biodegradable and Compostable Plastics (BDCP). This policy framework is in conjunction with the [European Green Deal’s](https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en) [Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP)](https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_420) and addresses sustainability challenges linked to the sourcing, labeling, and use of biobased, biodegradable, and compostable plastics to have genuine environmental benefits beyond reducing fossil fuels. Specifically, this policy framework is a follow-up to the [EU’s Plastic Strategy](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/strategy/plastics-strategy_en) aimed at transforming the design, production, use, and recycling of plastics.
Consumer confusion around the term [“biobased”](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) encourages the creation/requirement of clear and trustworthy labels stating the exact measurable **biobased content** in plastics. This framework specifically calls for further “clarifying the measurement method and labeling of the part of a plastic product that is entirely or partly derived from biomass (the ‘biobased’ content)” as “there is currently no mandatory minimum biobased content nor agreed certification scheme or label for a plastic product to be labeled as biobased.” This policy framework encourages radiocarbon-based methods over mass balance methods that are deemed neither as robust nor as widely used.
The application of voluntary standards by the [European Technical Committee for Standardization for biobased products (CEN/TC411)](https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/tc/cen/c98bbdfa-0c42-4d96-86ce-8123d5c2e730/cen-tc-411) is recommended by this policy framework for a consistent approach to measuring biobased content in bioplastics and offering comprehensive business-to-business and business-to-consumer communication.
Source: [European Commission](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/plastics/biobased-biodegradable-and-compostable-plastics_en)
- **EU Directive 2015/720 on Biobased Plastic Bags**
After a nationwide ban on plastic shopping bags in 2011, which excluded produce bags, EU Directive 2015/720 has been adopted in Italy. Aimed at reducing the consumption of plastic carrier bags, the adoption of the directive means that all disposable produce bags distributed in Italy will have to be compostable and contain a biobased carbon percentage that will progressively increase. The minimum biobased content starting from 40% in 2018 will be raised to 50% in 2020 and will reach 60% in 2021.
Bioplastic bag manufacturers are required to have the biobased percentage of their products certified according to UNI CEN/TS 16640: % biobased carbon as a fraction of total carbon (now called [EN 16640:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640:2017")). The law also provides for information campaigns aimed at raising consumer awareness of the environmental footprint of plastic bags and “dispute the misperception that plastic is a harmless and cheap material, helping to reduce the usage of plastic bags”.
Source: [Article 9-bis of Decree 91/2017](http://documenti.camera.it/leg17/dossier/Testi/D17091b.htm)
- **(EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel Criteria for Biolubricants**
Under Criteria 4 Renewable Ingredients Requirements, products using the term “bio-based” or “bio-lubricant” needs to have at least 25% bio-based carbon content in the final product. To demonstrate compliance, the ecolabel applicant is required to submit the final product test report in accordance with [EN 16807](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html#EN16807), [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 or [EN 16785-1.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html)
The new criteria and related assessment and verification requirements are valid until December 31, 2024.
Source: [Official Journal of the European Union](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG) (November 8, 2018)
- **French Decree 2016-379 on Single-use Plastic Bags**
The French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy published Decree 2016-379 in March 2016 as part of the new French law on Energy Transition and Green Growth aiming to reduce the use of disposable plastic bags. This decree entered into force in July 2016 and banned single-use plastic carrier bags thinner than 50 microns. From January 2017, the only authorized bags are those with a biobased content of at least 30%. This minimum biobased content will increase to 40% in 2018, 50% in 2020, and 60% in 2025 as specified in the Decree. Carbon-14 testing is the analytical method required to determine the biobased content.
Bioplastic bag manufacturers are required to have the biobased content of their products certified according to the [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) or CEN/TS 16640 standards. The Decree also states that the biobased content is “the percentage, expressed as a fraction of total carbon, of biobased materials contained in the bags, using the calculation method specified in the international standard in force for determining the biobased carbon content of plastics”.
Source: Legifrance (March 31, 2016)
- **Austria’s BGBl. I No. 71/2019 Banning Single-use Plastic Bags**
In July 2019, Austria’s National Council voted to ban single-use plastic bags starting in January 2020. This effort is aligned with the [EU Packaging Directive](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:31994L0062), the [EU Plastics Strategy](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0028) and the [Single-Use Plastics Directive (2019/904/EU)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32019L0904).
The ban does not apply to:
– Very light plastic carrier bags (wall thickness < 0.015 mm), which are made from predominantly renewable raw materials and are suitable for home composting.
– Reusable plastic carrier bags (made of plastic fabric or materials containing plastic) with sewn connections and sewn handles.
Sources: [BGBl. I No. 71/2019](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20002086)
Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation, and Technology (BMK)
- **EU Proposal for a Regulation on Packaging and Packaging Waste (PPWD)**
The European Union is proposing a regulation updating its legislative framework for packaging and packaging waste following the Parliament’s recommendation to do so in its resolution on the new circular economy plan passed on February 10, 2021. The goals of the proposed regulation are to reduce plastic waste generation by 2030 through prevention, reduction, recycling and re-use, promote a circular economy for packaging, and promote the use of recycled content in packaging.
This PPWD proposal covers the entire lifespan of packaging, is announced in the European Green Deal, and [Article 114 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:12008E114&from=EN) is its legal basis. The proposal calls on the European Commission to establish a methodology for calculating and verifying the percentage of recycled content recovered from post-consumer plastic waste by the end of 2026 and to amend the minimum percentage of recycled content recovered from post-consumer plastic waste. The proposal relies on the provisions in [Decision 768/2008/EC](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32008D0768&from=EN) for assessing the conformity of packaging, including the use of reliable, accurate and reproducible methods for tests, measurements and calculations of recycled content.
The proposal also calls on the Commission to implement acts establishing labels and labeling requirements for plastic packaging, including labels describing a unit of plastic packaging’s biobased content, material composition, reusability, and recycled content. The Commission’s review of the PPWD proposal has resulted in their further proposition of a comprehensive regulation setting sustainability requirements for packaging, including biobased content, recyclability, compostability and biodegradability.
Source: [European Commission](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/waste-and-recycling/packaging-waste_en)
- **EU Taxonomy Regulation for Biobased Products**
The EU Taxonomy Regulation Act (2020/852) for sustainable economic activities was created in July 2020 to have a common language and clear definition of ‘sustainable’ when classifying investments. Sustainable investments in projects and activities in the EU is vital in order to meet the objectives in the EU Green Deal. In June 2023, the draft taxonomy regulation was approved in principle by the European Commission, while formal adoption in all the official languages of the EU will take place later on.
The first Delegated Act on climate change mitigation and adaptation (the ‘climate taxonomy’) was adopted on 4 June 2021 and established that a biobased plastic qualifies as contributing substantially to climate change mitigation if the following is met:
- Biobased plastic is derived wholly or partly from renewable feedstock;
- Biobased plastic life cycle emissions are lower than the life cycle emissions of fossil fuel plastics;
- The agricultural biomass used complies with the criteria laid down in the Renewable Energy Directive.
While no specific test standards are listed in the taxonomy, final biobased products and plastics based on Carbon-14 content measurement could be labeled as ‘biobased’ through the taxonomy, according to a white paper on biobased PLA from TotalEnergies Corbion.
Sources: [Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament ](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020R0852)2023. Planting the Future with PLA. TotalEnergies Corbion
- **U.S. Plastics Pact**
The U.S. launched a Plastics Pact in 2020, being the first plastics pact in North America with Canada to follow in 2021. The U.S. Plastics Pact is part of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation’s New Plastics Economy Initiative Plastic Pact Network and is led by the Recycling Partnership and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The primary purpose of the Pact is to reduce plastic waste in the environment and generate a circular economy.
One of the four key goals that Pact members strive to achieve is ensuring that the average proportion of recycled content or responsibly-sourced biobased content in plastic packaging reaches 30% by 2025. ASTM D6866 is an accepted standard to verify biobased content claims in plastic packaging.
Source: [U.S. Plastics Pact](https://usplasticspact.org/)
---
## Tax Credit Programs for Renewable Chemical Producers in the US
- **Iowa’s Renewable Chemicals Production Tax Credit Program**
Applicability — High-value chemicals derived from biomass feedstocks with at least 50% biobased content as measured by ASTM D6866 testing.
Tax credit — $0.05 per pound of renewable chemical produced
- **Kentucky’s Renewable Chemical Production Program**
Applicability — The program applies to building block chemicals with at least 50% biobased content, including cellulosic ethanol, starch ethanol or other ethanol derived from biomass feedstock, fatty acid methyl esters, or butanol. The biobased content percentage should be determined using ASTM D6866 testing standard.
Tax credit — $0.05 per molecular pound of weight of renewable chemicals produced in Kentucky
- **Maine’s LD 1698**
Applicability — Substances sold or used to produce chemicals, polymers, plastics and formulated products with at least 95% biobased content as determined by ASTM D6866 testing.
Tax credit — $0.07 per pound of renewable chemical produced in the State
- **Minnesota’s Renewable Chemical Production Incentive**
Applicability — For this incentive “biobased” means, “a chemical, polymer, monomer, or plastic that is not sold primarily for use as food, feed, or fuel and that has a biobased percentage of at least 51% as determined by testing representative samples using ASTM D6866.”
Tax credit — $0.06 per pound of chemicals produced from cellulosic biomass, $0.03 per pound of chemicals produced from cellulosic sugar, starch, oil or animal fat
For more information about these programs, please read: [Tax Credits for Renewable Chemical Producers in the US](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)
---
## Organizations Promoting Biobased Products
There are several organizations in Europe that promote the use of biobased products, such as bioplastics, as part of their global climate change initiatives.
- **BNPP (France)**
The Bureau de Normalisation des Plastiques et de la Plasturgie (BNPP) aims to promote the use of bioplastics and bring together experts in the field. BNPP also has a certification program for all bioplastic products in France.
- **European Bioplastics (Germany)**
The European Bioplastics is an association representing industrial manufacturers, processors, and users of bioplastics and biodegradable polymers and their derivative products. The association aims to promote the growth and use of renewable raw materials in products and applications and supports innovations leading to lower environmental impact of durable and non-durable plastic products, among others.
*Page Last Updated: September 2023*
---
### [Normas europeias para lubrificantes, solventes e tensoativos biobaseados](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html)
**Published:** January 23, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Em resposta aos mandatos M/430 e M/491 da Comissão Europeia, o Comitê Europeu de Normalização (CEN) desenvolveu as seguintes normas. [Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
## **EN 16807 para lubrificantes biobaseados**
A norma europeia EN 16807 estabelece os critérios e exigências para lubrificantes biobaseados. Ela especifica o termo “biolubrificante” e descreve, de forma breve, os métodos relevantes de análise com respeito a sua caracterização.
Para as medições de teor de carbono biobaseado, a norma EN 16807 cita os padrões analíticos [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) e [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html)
![]()
Rótulo ecológico da UE para lubrificantes**
A Comissão Europeia criou o rótulo ecológico da UE, que especifica um teor mínimo de carbono biobaseado de 25% em lubrificantes que empregarem o termo “biobaseado” ou “biolubrificante”. O teor de carbono biobaseado é medido de acordo com os padrões EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1. O critério para lubrificantes é vigente até 31 de dezembro de 2024.
O rótulo ecológico da UE é um programa voluntário válido por toda a União Europeia, Noruega, Islândia e Liechtenstein.
Fontes:
[Decisão (UE) 2018/1702 da Comissão que estabelece os critérios para a atribuição do rótulo ecológico a lubrificantes](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807:2016 – Produtos líquidos de petróleo – Biolubrificantes – Critérios e exigências para biolubrificantes e lubrificantes biobaseados (disponível perante taxa)
## **EN 16766 para solventes biobaseados**
O CEN desenvolveu a norma CEN/TS 16766 para solventes biobaseados pela primeira vez em 2015. A norma foi suplantada pela norma europeia EN 16766:2017, que estabelece as exigências para solventes biobaseados em termos de seu teor biobaseado, suas propriedades técnicas e métodos analíticos.
Além disso, a norma europeia EN 16766:
– especifica as classes de solventes de acordo com o teor de carbono biobaseado, que é determinado segundo descrito nos padrões EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1; e
– estabelece as exigências sobre as informações fornecidas relativas aos aspectos de sustentabilidade de solventes biobaseados.
Para mais detalhes, adquira uma cópia do documento EN 16766:2017 – Solventes de base biológica – Exigências e métodos de análises.
## **EN 17035 para tensoativos biobaseados**
A norma EN 17035:2021 estabelece as exigências para tensoativos biobaseados e termos de propriedades, limites, classes de aplicações e métodos analíticos. A norma também recomenda procedimentos de subamostragem para diversas formas de tensoativos (por exemplo, sólido seco, pasta, gel, líquido).
Ela inclui um sistema de classificação com base no teor biobaseado do tensoativo para clarificar a nomenclatura empregada na indústria. As medições do teor de carbono biobaseado são realizadas segundo as normas EN 16640, EN 16785-1 ou EN 16785-2.
A norma EN 17035 permite a inclusão da classificação e percentual do teor de carbono biobaseado no rótulo do produto.
O que são tensoativos biobaseados?**
A norma EN 17035 descreve o tensoativo biobaseado como sendo parcial ou integralmente derivado de biomassa, seja por processamento químico ou biotecnológico.
Para mais detalhes, acesse EN 17035:2021 – Surface Active Agents – Bio-based surfactants – Requirements and test methods (disponível perante taxa)
## **Análises de alta qualidade de teor de carbono biobaseado**
O Beta Analytic oferece análises de teor de carbono biobaseado rápidas e de alta qualidade, e que cumprem com todas as normas citadas acima, exceto pela EN 16785-2. Para consultas de preços e prazos de entrega de resultados, por favor acesse este [formulário.](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
Há anos, o laboratório acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017 apóia a indústria europeia de carbono biobaseado com análises radiocarbônicas profissionais que cumprem várias das normas CEN. O laboratório continuará a melhorar seus serviços para seguir observando as necessidades da indústria biobaseada.
Última atualização: junho de 2024*
---
### [Renewable Carbon Testing in Regulations & GHG Initiatives](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **California SB32 Mandatory GHG Emissions Reporting**
ASTM D6866 is used to measure the percentage of [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html) emissions from the combustion of biomass, municipal solid waste, or waste-derived fuels with biomass.
SB32 builds off of AB32 which set emissions goals from 1990 to 2020 and allows fuel sampling in lieu of emissions sampling as long as (a) the fuel is supported by ASTM D6866, and (b) the samples collected for analysis are representative of the entire composition of the fuel. SB32 sets emissions reduction goals of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.
- **European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)** [(Read More)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-euets.html)
The EU ETS recommends [EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html) for measuring the biomass fraction of solid recovered fuels. For liquid samples and CO2 in flue gases, EN ISO 21644’s Carbon-14 method or ASTM D6866 can be used. [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) is another option for CO2 in flue gases.
- **UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS)**
The UK Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) started in 2021 to replace the UK’s participation in the EU ETS. Since the UK was a member of the EU when the EU ETS was developed and contributed to its creation, the UK ETS was designed to provide continuity for regulated entities which participated in the EU ETS prior to 2021.
The program’s rules on biomass allow biogenic emissions to be subtracted from total lifecycle emissions. Regulated entities are recommended to demonstrate compliance by providing biogenic content testing following either ASTM D6866 or ISO 13833.
Sources:
[UK Emissions Trading Scheme](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/participating-in-the-uk-ets/participating-in-the-uk-ets) (April 2023)
[UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS): monitoring and reporting biomass in installations](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1033859/uk-ets-monitoring-reporting-biomass-installations.pdf) (November 2021)
- **Western Climate Initiative (WCI) Requirements of Mandatory Reporting**
Owners/operators of general stationary combustion units using mixed fuels and waste-derived fuels are mandated to use ASTM D6866 to determine the biomass-derived fraction of their carbon dioxide emissions.
- **US EPA Final Mandatory GHG Reporting Rule**
ASTM D6866 is used to determine the biogenic CO2 of emissions from the combustion of municipal solid waste and mixed fuels (biogenic and non-biogenic fuels).
- **UN CDM Methodology ACM0022:** “Large-scale Consolidated Methodology – Alternative waste treatment processes”
ASTM D6866 testing is done to measure the fraction of fossil carbon in the total carbon content of municipal solid waste.
- **The Climate Registry Protocols**
The Climate Registry aims to establish consistent, transparent standards throughout North America for businesses and governments to calculate, verify, and publicly report their carbon footprints in a single, unified registry.
When calculating emissions from waste fuels and biomass, ASTM D6866 testing is required.
Sources: [Pages 35-36](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/General-Reporting-ProtocolV3.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s General Reporting Protocol") of TCR’s General Reporting Protocol Version 3.0 (May 2019)
Local governments are required to identify and report biomass CO2 emissions as biogenic emissions, separate from fossil fuel emissions. ASTM D6866 is recommended when measuring biogenic emissions from biofuels, waste fuels, and biomass co-firing in a unit with CEMS.
Source: [Page 84](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/2010-05-06-LGO-1.1.pdf "ASTM D6866 for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol") for TCR’s Local Government Operations Protocol Version 1.1 (May 2010)
ASTM D6866 is the method identified for partitioning anthropogenic and biogenic CO2 emissions in the TCR Electric Power Sector Protocol for the Voluntary Reporting Program.
Source: [Page 46](https://theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Protocol_062509.pdf) for TCR’s Electric Power Sector Protocol Version Version 1.0 (June 2009)
- **Australia Department of the Environment and Energy National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Scheme**
The National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 established a mandatory reporting system for corporate GHG emissions and energy production and consumption. The first reporting period under the Act commenced in July 2008.
In the NGER reporting system, ASTM D6866 analysis is recommended to determine the amounts of each kind of fuel in blended liquid or solid fuels.
Source: [Chapter 2.6-Blended Fuels](https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2022C00737) National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Determination 2008 Compilation No. 14 (July 2022)
- **Environment and Climate Change Canada Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP)**
Since 2004, the GHGRP has collected greenhouse gas emissions data from facilities across Canada that emit 10 kilotons or more of GHGs in carbon dioxide equivalent units per year. These facilities are required to submit their report by June 1.
Under the program’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements, ASTM D6866 testing can be used to determine the biogenic portion of CO2 emissions. If combusted fuels or fuel mixtures contain a biomass fraction that is unknown or cannot be documented (e.g., tire-derived fuel), ASTM D6866 testing is conducted on the representative fuel or exhaust gas samples at least every three months. If municipal solid waste is combusted, ASTM D6866-16 analysis is performed on the exhaust gas stream.
Source: [Page 19](https://publications.gc.ca/site/archivee-archived.html?url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/eccc/En81-28-2021-eng.pdf "Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 4.0 (December 2020)") of Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Quantification Requirements Version 5.0 (December 2021)
- **New Zealand Climate Change Regulations**
The New Zealand Government has 2 regulations incorporating ASTM D6866.
Under the Climate Change (Stationary Energy and Industrial Processes) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/285), those who will opt to use the continuous emissions monitoring method for calculating emissions from combusting used oil, waste oil, used tyres, or waste will measure their total annual emissions consisting of non-biomass CO2, CH4, and N2O. According to the regulation, ASTM D6866 will be used to measure the non-biomass fraction of CO2 emissions when the fuel combusted contains both biomass and non-biomass.
Those who will use the periodic source testing method will also measure the same greenhouse gas emissions. The non-biomass fraction of the total CO2 emissions is determined in accordance with ASTM D6866.
Source: SR 2009/285
For the Climate Change (Unique Emissions Factors) Regulations 2009 (SR 2009/286), specifically under the “requirements for applications for unique emissions factor approval for waste calculated using standard testing option,” ASTM D6866 can be used by a waste combustion participant to calculate a unique emissions factor for solid fuels.
Under “sampling and testing requirements for the periodic source testing option,” waste combustion participants using mixed fuel (biomass with non-biomass) have to measure the non-biomass fraction of the CO2 concentrations in the gas stream in accordance with ASTM D6866.
Source: SR 2009/286
- **Germany’s Fuel Emissions Trading Act (BEHG)**
The Brennstoffemissionshandelsgesetz (BEHG) is Germany’s national emissions cap program. A 2023 ordinance on emissions testinghas prompted the BEHG to recognize the biogenic portion of emissions from waste incineration. ISO 13833 is one of the analytical standards cited for carbon-14 testing flue gases.
Source: Page 94 – [Leitfaden zur Erstellung von Überwachungsplänen und Emissionsberichten für stationäre Anlagen](https://www.dehst.de/SharedDocs/downloads/DE/stationaere_anlagen/2021-2030/Ueberwachungsplan-Emissionsbericht_Leitfaden.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=8) (June 2023)
## Programs Recommending Carbon-14 Method
- **UK Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM)**
Electricity and gas market regulator OFGEM approves the use of the carbon-14 method for biofuels producers seeking to claim Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROCs). The carbon-14 method is used to determine the renewable energy content of fuels produced from biomass or waste feedstocks by post-combustion analysis of flue gases. For more information interested parties should refer to OFGEM’s most recent guidance on Renewables Obligation Fuel Measurement and Sampling.
Source: [Renewables Obligation: Fuel Measurement and Sampling](https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/2020/04/20_04_ro_fms_guidance.pdf "OFGEM Carbon 14 Method Approval") (April 2020)
- **Global Cement and Concrete Association’s Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol**
The Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol requires the use of international standards (e.g. EN ISO 21644) to determine the biogenic carbon in mixed fuel’s overall carbon content. The document is aimed at engineers and managers of cement producers. It was developed in 2019 by the Global Cement and Concrete Association and the European Cement Research Academy, building on the work carried out by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development’s Cement Sustainability Initiative (WBCSD CSI).
Source: [Page 92](https://www.cement-co2-protocol.org/en/Content/Resources/Downloads/GCCA_Internet_Manual.pdf "Cement Sustainability Initiative's Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol") of Protocol Version 3.1 (February 2020)
*Page last updated: August 2023*
---
### [Biogenic Carbon Testing in Regulations, Grants and Certification Schemes](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The following regulations, grants and certification programs recommend or require biogenic carbon/renewable carbon content testing for biofuels.
### **United States**
The national [Renewable Fuels Standard Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html) (RFS) was developed to increase the volume of renewable fuel blended into gasoline and other transportation fuels. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) raised the Renewable Fuels Standard to 7.76% to meet the requirement that all transportation fuels sold contain a minimum of 9 billion gallons of renewable fuel in 2008, as set by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA). Every year, the EPA establishes volume requirements for cellulosic biofuel, advanced biofuel, biomass-based diesel and total renewable fuel.
Under the program, fuel producers generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) they can use for both credit trading and compliance demonstration.
Companies using [municipal solid waste (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html) as feedstock for RIN-generating renewable fuel production may determine the biogenic fraction of the fuel by [ASTM D6866 testing.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html)
Sources:
Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: Changes to Renewable Fuel Standard Program [(PDF)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2010-03-26/pdf/2010-3851.pdf) – Federal Register (March 2010) Vol. 75, No. 58 (Page 14715)
### Low Carbon Fuel Standard Programs in the US
Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) programs are designed to decrease the carbon intensity of a state’s fuel supply by requiring suppliers to purchase credits corresponding to fossil fuels they sell and offering tax incentives to those providing renewable options.
A critical component of LCFS programs is the reporting and verification mechanisms they use, such as biogenic carbon testing using ASTM D6866 method.
As of May 2023, only the LCFS programs in California and Oregon require biogenic carbon testing by ASTM D6866.
Sources:
California Air Resources Board – [Low Carbon Fuel Standard](https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/low-carbon-fuel-standard)
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality – [Oregon Clean Fuels Program](https://www.oregon.gov/deq/ghgp/cfp/Pages/default.aspx)
[Read more: Low Carbon Fuel Standard Programs in the US & Canada](https://www.betalabservices.com/low-carbon-fuel-standard-programs-us-canada/)
### **Canada**
In July 2022, the Canadian Ministry of Environment and Climate Change published its official Quantification Method for Co-processing in Refineries under its Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR). The objective of the CFR is to require by 2030 that primary suppliers, such as producers and importers of gasoline and diesel, reduce the carbon intensity of diesel and gasoline by 15% or below 2016 levels.
Registered refineries can follow this quantification method to have their co-processing CO₂ Emissions Reduction projects recognized and gain credits for the production of low CI fuels under the CFR. This QM is applicable to co-processing done in either a hydrotreater or a fluid catalytic cracker. All co-processing projects must be in Canada.
[How Co-Processing Refineries Obtain Credits under the CFR](https://www.betalabservices.com/canada-clean-fuel-regulations-biogenic-testing/)
Sources:
Canada’s Ministry of Environment and Climate Change: [What are the Clean Fuel Regulations? ](https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/fuel-regulations/clean-fuel-regulations/about.html)(Last modified July 2022)
Clean Fuel Regulations: [Quantification Method for Co-processing in Refineries](https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/fuel-regulations/clean-fuel-regulations/compliance/quantification-methodco-processing-refineries.html) (Version 1.0 – July 2022)
**– British Columbia**
British Columbia’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program proposed an updated protocol in October 2023, adding ASTM D6866 testing for all co-processed fuels and co-products. The current version of British Columbia’s LCFS started on January 1, 2023, as a revamp of the program that started in 2008. The British Columbia Ministry of Mines, Energy and Low Carbon Innovation administers the LCFS.
Source:
B.C. Low Carbon Fuel Standard: Coprocessing Methodology Protocol (October 2023)
**– Ontario**
Under the Environmental Protection Act, starting January 1, 2017, the province of Ontario recommends fuel suppliers to use ASTM D6866 testing to determine biogenic carbon content of cellulosic ethanol derived from MSW. According to Ontario Regulation 535/05, the composite sample tested will be comprised of samples collected weekly during a quarterly period.
Similarly, suppliers of diesel and blended diesel in Ontario can use ASTM D6866 testing to determine the bio-based carbon content of diesel derived from MSW.
Sources:
[O. Reg. 535/05: Ethanol in Gasoline](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/050535/v5) (revoked in November 2020, replaced by [O. Reg. 663/20](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r20663))
[O. Reg. 226/18: Greener Diesel – Bio-based Content Requirements for Diesel Fuel](https://www.ontario.ca/laws/regulation/r18226)
### **The Netherlands**
The Dutch Emissions Authority’s [Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) Regulation](https://www.betalabservices.com/dutch-regulation-hvo/) takes effect starting October 1, 2021. Under this regulation, Carbon-14 analysis is required to validate the accuracy of HVO and other fuels with [biogenic content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html). Testing must be done by an ISO 17025-accredited laboratory.
Control tolerance set by the Dutch Emissions Authority for HVO producers:
- For blends of 25% or higher – The control tolerance is 3% of the expected value. If the expected value is 100%, a sample should have at least 97% biogenic content.
- For blends lower than 25% – The control tolerance is 1% of the expected value.
Source: Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit – HVO-kader
## EU Voluntary Certification Schemes
These certification programs demonstrate compliance with the sustainability criteria for biofuels in accordance to EU fuel quality and renewable energy directives.
#### International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC)
To be compliant with the ISCC, two requirements must be fulfilled for the simultaneous co-processing of sustainable bio and fossil feedstocks:
- the bio-based share must meet the sustainability requirements and greenhouse gas emission requirements as indicated in ISCC documents 202 and 205 for ISCC EU certifications; and
- calculation of the bio-output, wherein the amount of incoming bio-inputs is multiplied with the relevant bio-yield
The ISCC identified three approaches in the calculation of bio-yield, one of which is Carbon-14 measurements based on analytical standards ASTM D6866.
Source:
ISCC 203-01: Guidance for the Certification of Co-Processing version 2.0 (PDF)
#### Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB)
The Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials offers several certifications for products which contain renewable biobased content. In December 2022, the RSB released version 2.5 of its Standard for Advanced Fuels as part of its Global Fuel Certification. RSB’s Global Fuel Certification is composed of a variety of methodologies and procedures that describe how to produce fuels from biobased and advanced feedstocks “in a way that enhances long-term environmental and social outcomes.”
The RSB’s Standard for Advanced Fuels instructs producers to measure the biobased content in their fuels by using radiocarbon-based methods following the ASTM D6866, [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/en-16785.html) or [ISO 16620-4](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) standards. While the RSB’s Global Fuel Certification allows for mass balance calculations, unlike in other cases, this program does not allow producers to assign the sustainability characteristics of their inputs to the outputs produced however they choose. For cases of co-processing, the Standard only accepts radiocarbon analysis.
The RSB’s Global Fuel Certification applies to fuels produced from primary biomass (oil crops), biomass from end-of-life products and production residues, fossil-based end-of-life products, renewable liquid and gaseous fuels of non-biological origin, and co-processing biogenic and fossil fuels.
Other certifications offered by the RSB include fuel certifications specific to regulatory programs such as the [EU’s Renewable Energy Directive](https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-directive-targets-and-rules/renewable-energy-directive_en) and [Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)](https://www.icao.int/CORSIA), a [Global Advanced Products Certification](https://rsb.org/certification/certification-schemes/rsb-global-advanced-products-certification/) and a biomass certification specific to [Japan’s Feed-in Tariff program](https://www.ichigo-green.co.jp/en/operation/purchase/).
Sources:
RSB Standard for Advanced Fuels – [RSB-STD-01-010 Version 2.6 (PDF)](https://rsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/RSB-STD-01-010-RSB-Standard-for-advanced-fuels.pdf)
[RSB Global Fuel Certification](https://rsb.org/certification/certification-schemes/rsb-global-fuels-certification/)
## Renewable Energy Directive Methodology Update for Biogenic Content Testing and Verification
In June 2023, the European Commission adopted a revised methodology for calculating the biogenic content of biofuels and biogas under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED). The new methodology updates the requirements for regulated entities to verify their reported volumes, specifically by increasing obligations to measure biogenic content via carbon-14 testing.
#### **Biogenic Content Testing**
The RED charts a path to renewable energy comprising 14% of energy consumed in transport by 2030, which regulated entities are required to comply with. Biofuels and biogas producers whose products are co-processed have the choice to demonstrate compliance by either directly testing biogenic content via the carbon-14 method or through mass balance calculations based on the feedstocks used. Prior to this update, these methods of quantifying biogenic content were considered equally acceptable under the RED.
#### What’s New?
Under the new rule, regulated entities will have more options for calculating their biogenic content. However, these different paths will no longer be considered equal in terms of the additional verification required. The path for direct testing using carbon-14 analysis will remain the same and is considered the “main common harmonized test method” under the new rule. Mass balance calculations are still an approved path and the new rule will also allow regulated entities to use energy balance or yield methods to calculate their biogenic content. However, all of these will now require some combination with direct carbon-14 testing.
The initial process of reporting biogenic content is the same regardless of whether a regulated entity is using a primary or secondary verification method. The difference is that when using mass balance, energy balance or yield method calculations, operators will be required to regularly use direct carbon-14 testing of their outputs to verify their calculation methods and results. Even further, the new rule requires carbon-14 testing to verify all outputs claiming a specific carbon-based bio-content.
For operators using carbon-14 as a secondary verification method, when a deviation of 1% or greater is found from their calculated values, the lower of the two applies. The frequency required for verification via carbon-14 analysis is flexible and only needs to be sufficient that at any time an operator’s claims of biogenic content reflect their actual levels.
**Sources:** European Commission – [Renewable Energy– Method for Calculating the Share of Renewables in the Case of Co-Processing.](https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/12711-Renewable-energy-method-for-calculating-the-share-of-renewables-in-the-case-of-co-processing_en) (June 2023)
European Commission – [Renewable Energy Directive– Recast to 2030.](https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/welcome-jec-website/reference-regulatory-framework/renewable-energy-recast-2030-red-ii_en)
---
*Note: Beta Analytic provides biobased content testing for transportation fuels. The lab is not affiliated with any of the aforementioned institutions or programs.*
*Page last updated: November 2023*
---
### [Warum den biogenen Kohlenstoffanteil von Biokraftstoffen messen?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## [Prüfen oder beweisen Sie den Genauigkeitsgrad von Biokraftstoffmischungen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/genauigkeit-uberprufung.html)
Die ASTM D6866 Messung des biogenen/erneuerbaren Kohlenstoffanteils ist weltweit als eine verifizierte Drittmessung anerkannt, um den Genauigkeitsgrad von Biokraftstoffmischungen für Kunden, Lieferanten, Hersteller oder Händler messen zu können.
## Erhalten Sie präzise Daten über den biogenen Kohlenstoffgehalt
Zuverlässige Daten über den erneuerbaren Anteil sind während der F&E Phase der Produktentwicklung von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die Analyse hilft bei der schrittweisen Optimierung des biogenen Kohlenstoffanteils.
## Qualifizieren Sie sich für Steuererleichterungen und weitere Anreize
Eine Reihe von Initiativen weltweit wie z.B. der [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html) fördern die Verwendung von Biokraftstoffen und erfordern eine Messung des biogenen Anteils von flüssigen Kraftstoffen, wodurch die ASTM D6866 ebenfalls Analyse gefordert wird.
###### Welche Vorteile bietet die biogene Kohlenstoffanalyse?
Feste, flüssige oder gasförmige Biokraftstoffe, die aus Biomasse produziert werden, gelten als gute Alternativen zu fossilen Kraftstoffen, da sie während der Verbrennung klimaneutrales Kohlendioxid freisetzen. Die meisten Biokraftstoffe auf dem heutigen Markt, wie z.B. Bio-Ethanol und Biodiesel werden aus photosynthetischen Pflanzen hergestellt und diese enthalten Kohlenstoff-14.
Die biogene Kohlenstoffanalyse verwendet die Technologie der Kohlenstoff-14 Datierung um die biogene Fraktion mit der fossilen Fraktion von Biokraftstoffen und anderen biobasierten Produkten vergleichen zu können. Bio-Ethanol und synthetisch hergestelltes fossiles Ethanol sind chemisch vollkommen identisch, aber mittels der Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse kann man beide sehr genau unterscheiden.
#### Profitieren Sie von Beta Analytics Expertise!
##### Testergebnisse in nur 7 Werktagen
Unser Labor liefert routinemäßig Ergebnisse innerhalb von 7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Ergebnisse können rund um die Uhr online abgerufen werden, inklusive [Qualitätssicherung Berichte](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) und Fotos der Proben.
##### Mitentwickler der ASTM D6866 Methode
Unser Labor war einer der entscheidenden Entwickler der [ASTM D6866 Methode](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html) und stand als technischer Berater weltweit allen wichtigen biobased Standardisierungsinitiativen zur Seite.
##### Weltweiter Marktführer für Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen
Seit 1979 ist das [ISO 17025 akkreditierte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) Beta Analytic Labor weltweiter Marktführer für Kohlenstoff-14 Messungen.
##### Technische Expertenberatung
Beta Analytic verfügt über beispiellose Expertise im Umgang mit komplexen Proben, darunter auch Biokraftstoffe. Unser Service beinhaltet kostenlose und unbegrenzte technische Beratung.
##### Tracer-freies Laboratorium
Unser Labor akzeptiert keine pharmazeutischen Proben, die künstlichen Kohlenstoff-14 enthalten, da dieser eine Kreuzkontamination für biobasierte Messungen verursachen kann.
### Verwenden Sie Biokraftstoffe? Beweisen Sie es!
*Wählen Sie Beta Analytic für eine schnelle und hochqualitative Biokraftstoff-Analyse.* [KONTAKTIEREN SIE UNS](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html)
**Published:** September 13, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Biogenic Hydrocarbon Gas 14C Testing
Measuring % Biogenic Carbon vs % Fossil Carbon in hydrocarbon/fuel gas samples
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Radiocarbon analysis (14C) is used to determine biogenic carbon content of hydrocarbon and fuel gases in co-processing and is the required testing in various clean fuel standards in the EU, Canada, and the USA. 14C analysis distinguishes between fossil and modern hydrocarbon gas feedstocks and product gases.
## Quantify the Biogenic Content of Gases by Carbon-14 Analysis in these samples:
- A bulk composition of gases and isolated gases of methane, carbon dioxide (in a mixture or “raw biogas”), propane, butane, and ethylene.
- Hydrocarbon gases composed of biogas, landfill gas, biomethane, RNG, co-processing gaseous fuels, renewable gas feedstocks, syngas, geogenic methane, soil gases, waste-to-energy gases, enteric gases, renewable propane, low carbon intensity fuels, bioreactor gases, and chemical intermediate gases.
## Biogenic Testing Reporting Standards
- ASTM D6866 – % [Biogenic](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) is expressed as a fraction of total carbon
- Full chromatographic analysis of gas mixtures is available through [ASTM D7833](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/astm-d7833.html "ASTM D7833"), ASTM D1945, or EPA 3C testing as part of this service.
NOTE: We cannot accept gas compositions with greater than 2,000 parts per million concentration (2,000 ppm) of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.
Ready to submit samples for testing? You need to complete the fuel gas questionnaire/assessment prior to acceptance of your gas samples.[Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### For reliable, accurate and fast biogenic content testing solutions, choose SGS Beta.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
Page last updated: July 2025
---
### [Ready to submit samples for biobased content testing?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
**Published:** December 22, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Ready to submit samples for biobased content testing?
1
## Prepare the required sample size and containers
**DO NOT send more than we require.** US$500 per sample disposal fee will be charged for excess chemicals and liquids with high petrochemical content.
SAMPLE TYPE
Retail piece or applicable sub-sample, e.g. plastic bag
Plastic Pellets
Cutlery/Utensils
Multi-component or multi-color samples, e.g. toys, toothbrush, diapers, sanitary pads
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL
0.1 to 1 oz / 2.8 to 20 grams MAX
5 to 10 grams ONLY
2 pieces of each kind, e.g. 2 spoons
Please contact us prior to submission
REQUIRED CONTAINER
Liquids with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g. chemicals, solvents, lubricants, oils, liquids with high petrochemical carbon content
Liquids with NO VOCs and have at least 10% carbon content
Other liquids
1 mL / 1 cc (vial full, no headspace)
0.25 to 0.5 mL / 0.25 to 0.5 cc (vial ¼ – ½ full)
10 mL / 10 cc (vial half full)
**1-2 mL** glass micro-sample vial with a crimp top that has a Teflon-lined septum
Alternative: Screw-top vials with Teflon-lined septum lids
**20 mL** glass vial with non-reactive cap liner made from silicone and teflon or some other chemically non-reactive material
\* For details on SGS Beta’s required container for liquids, please refer to our [**FAQ page**](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen16). You can also see examples [here](https://www.thermofisher.com/ca/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html?erpType=Global_E1).
---
### REMINDERS:
**SDS Required** – Chemicals must include SDS/MSDS. We must have a copy on file. You can email a copy to your SGS Beta account manager or upload it to your online data sheet.
**Packing Materials** – When sending vials, you may use coarse-grade vermiculite or other materials with paper-based filling.
**Packaging** – Please send samples in sturdy boxes instead of envelopes to protect the samples from being crushed during shipment.
**Heterogeneity issues** – For the analysis to be meaningful, the carbon analyzed must be representative of the whole product. The result itself only applies to the analyzed materials. Heterogeneous materials should be discussed with the laboratory prior to analysis to ensure the analyzed material is representative of the whole product.
[SGS Beta doesn’t accept samples with artificial isotopes.](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/)
2
## Decide on the turnaround time then submit a form
#### How fast do you need the results?
**Standard Service** – results are reported in 7 business days or less
**Priority Service** – 4 business days or less
#### Fill out the correct submission form
Use our [“Biobased & USDA Samples”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/) form.
Let us know if your samples have volatile components or carbonates. Discussion must be pursued prior to analysis to ensure accurate results.
3
## Ship samples to Miami or a forwarding office near you
[SGS Beta’s complete address and list of forwarding offices (UK, Europe, China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
Make sure that the shipping company you choose takes full responsibility to clear the package with US customs when sending samples directly to the US.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
For shipping instructions to one of our international forwarding offices, [contact us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html) before sending your samples.
We will email you to confirm the safe arrival of your samples in Miami and when to expect the results. Samples delivered after 3:00 PM EST (cut-off time) will be logged the following business day. Our quoted turnaround time starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends.
Please read our FAQ page for more information, e.g. de [minimis shipping](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) and [customs declaration](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for biobased carbon testing.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: March 2026
---
### [炭素-１４分析法と選択溶解法](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 選択溶解法は多くのサンプルに適用されません。
- 炭素１４分析法は選択溶解法とは異なり(SDM)、サンプルの生物分解性により制限されません。
- ベータ・アナリティック社ではEN ISO 21644試験をご提供しております(SDMは提供しておりません)。
ヨーロッパだけでなく、北米、その他世界各国でCO2排出量取引制度が始まり、二酸化炭素排出ガス中の生物起源分画および化石起源分画を区別する必要性が生じました。 各国の政府・企業は定められた二酸化炭素年間排出量の上限をクリアする必要があります。 政府・企業では規制を満たすため、そして温室効果ガス排出量を世界的に削減することにより世界規模の気候変動を和らげるという取り組みのために、燃料中の生物起源分画を知る必要があります。
固形回収燃料(SRF)やごみ廃棄物燃料[(RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)といった混合/不均一燃料を使用している工業プラントでは、燃料中の生物起源分画を決定することが困難でした。 そのため新たな分析方法として選択溶解法(SDM : Selective Dissolution Method)が開発されました。
## 溶解選択法
溶解選択法は、SRF中のバイオマス燃料成分が硫酸または過酸化水素中に溶解するが、化石燃料成分は溶解しないということを利用する分析法です。 溶解選択法はもともと、堆肥中の生分解性物質含有量の決定方法として開発されました。 SRFに応用された際、「バイオマス」と「生分解性」が同等なものということが前提でしたが、正確には異なるものです。 溶解選択法による測定値は多くの場合正しいことがわかっています。 しかしSRFがバイオマスでない生分解性成分(例：ナイロン)を含有している場合、また完全に生分解性でないバイオマス成分(例：ウール)を含有している場合には正確な結果は得られません。
そのためEN 16640は、SRF中に存在する物質の中には溶解選択法が適応できないものがあることを言及しています。 またEN 15540は、C14分析法がバイオマス含有量決定のための代替方法であるとしています。 当時(2006年5月)は、SRFのためのC14分析法は開発の初期段階でした。 CENはC14分析法のメリットを認め、CEN/TR 15591 (放射性炭素年代測定法に基づいたSRF中のバイオマス含有量の決定法) が開発されました。 CEN/TR 15591は2007年1月に承認され、2008年にはこの技術報告書が最終的にCEN標準規格となりました。
Note: EN 16640 は2021年に取り下げられ、EN ISO 21644に代わりました。
## 溶解選択法を超えたC14分析法の利点
選択溶解法はすべての物質には適応できないため、SRF中のバイオマス起源分画を分子レベルで決定するのには適していないことをCEN/TR 15591は認めています。 放射性炭素年代測定法は非常に高度な測定技術が必要とされますが、選択溶解法やマニュアルソート法では解決不可能な問題に対処することが可能です。オーストラリア政府の気候変動省により発表されたNational Greenhouse and Energy Reporting(Measurement) Technical Guidelines(2008年)では、放射性炭素年代測定技術が選択溶解法よりも優れているとしています。 C14測定法は、気体・液体・固体燃料を含む様々な混合燃料に対応が可能です。 混合燃料を直接分析することもできますし、混合燃料燃焼排出ガスの分析も可能です。そのため排出ガスのモニタリングを行っている施設では特に有用です。 C14分析法は選択溶解法のように多くのサンプルを必要としないため、サンプリングが困難な場合には大変有効な測定方法です。
## 発熱量によるバイオマス含有量推測
選択溶解法には適用限界がありますが、発熱量によりSRF中のバイオマス含有量を推測することが可能です。 放射性炭素年代測定法ではC14分析中にサンプル中の非バイオマス分画が分離されないため発熱量によりバイオマス含有量を推測することができません。 まC14法は重量ベースでバイオマス含有量を決定することもできません。 しかし混合燃料中のバイオマスエネルギーの割合(％)はC14分析結果より計算することができます。計算結果の詳細は英国再生エネルギー協会(UK Renewable Energy Association)とコロンビア大学の共同の研究における報告書によって明らかになっています。こちらのページよりご覧頂けます。
## ベータ・アナリティック社ではSDM試験は提供しておりません
ベータ・アナリティック社はフロリダ州マイアミに拠点をおく世界で唯一のISO/IEC 17025:2017認証ASTM D6866分析機関です。当社ではヨーロッパで固形回収燃料をご利用されているお客様のために、放射性炭素年代測定の工業的な応用であるEN ISO 21644試験をご提供しております。 当社では選択溶解性試験は行っておりません。
---
### [再生可能炭素の試験規格](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/test-standards.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
特定の規制に合わせ、試験に申し込む場合は、どの標準規格を使用すべきか規制当局にお問い合わせの上、試験規格を指定し、ご送付ください。
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
- 固体または液体燃料と、その燃焼排出物に適用可能
- 全炭素量（TC）の割合としてバイオジェニックカーボンの割合（％）を測定
BS EN ISO 21644:2021
- SRF(固形物選別燃料)のバイオマス濃度を決定するための国際規格
- EN 16640 に代わる。
[ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html "ISO 13833")
- 炭素排出量取引のために、正確で信頼できるデータを取得できるよう作成された国際規格
- 固定供給源の排ガスからの総排出CO2中のバイオマス由来および化石燃料由来の二酸化炭素（CO2）の割合を決定するためにのみ使用可能
## 関連試験規格 (not offered by Beta Analyticでは対応不可):
[選択的溶解法](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html "選択的溶解法") – 生分解性100％のサンプルに限定
[ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459") – ASTM D6866試験用のガスサンプルの採取方法に関するガイド
---
免責事項:この動画はサードパーティーのサービスを利用しているため広告が表示されることがあります。
---
### [ごみ固形燃料(RDF: Refuse Derived Fuel)：廃棄物からエネルギーへ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 多くの産業におけるごみ固形燃料(RDF)のエネルギー源としての燃焼
- RDFやSRFと呼ばれる「ごみ固形燃料」の生物起源炭素画分は、試験規格である[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)およびEN ISO 21644を用いて決定される
- EN ISO 21644試験はヨーロッパの企業に適用される分析方法である一方、ASTM D6866規格は米国およびその他の地域でよく使用される
[ごみ固形燃料(RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "Refuse derived fuel")は、[都市廃棄物](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "MSW")(MSW)を粉砕・乾燥したのちに圧縮固化することによって生成されます。 またRDFは主に紙、段ボール、布、木材のようなMSWの有機部分から成ります。 しかしながら、RDFはプラスチックなど無機成分を含みます。 RDFは、家庭用、商業用、工業用廃棄物、またその他の可燃性廃棄物に由来します。
廃棄物からRDFへの変換は二つの大きな意味があります。 一つはゴミの圧縮により廃棄物量が削減でき、その結果として処分場の負荷を軽減させることが可能であるということです。 もう一つはエネルギー多消費型産業へ代替燃料を提供できるということです。 例えばセメント業、発電所、工業用ボイラーを使用する事業所などで化石燃料の代替燃料として利用されています。 ヨーロッパでは”Waste Incineration Directive”の厳しい基準を満たすために、セメント業界はRDFを使用しています。RDFは、低い製造コストで高いエネルギー量が得られるため化石燃料の代替品としての有効性が証明されています。
## RDFのためのEN 16640試験 (2021に取り下げ)
EUにおいてごみ固形燃料(RDF)のバイオマス炭素濃度測定試験の標準規格 EN 16640 が制定されました。 EN 16640 は、放射性炭素年代測定技術を利用してごみ固形燃料(RDF)のバイオマス炭素濃度を測定します。
EN 16640は米国のASTM D6866と同じ試験内容です。 どちらの規格も放射性炭素年代測定の技術を利用しています。
放射性炭素年代測定がどのようにバイオマス由来炭素と化石由来炭素を区別するかについての詳細は ASTM D6866 をご参照ください。
## 欧州温室効果ガス議定書
ヨーロッパでの温室効果ガス議定書では、特定の産業で二酸化炭素の排出量に上限（キャップ）があります。企業は年間のCO2排出量が決められた上限(キャップ）を下回った場合、炭素クレジットを取得することができます。 カーボンクレジットには貨幣価値があり、EU域内排出量取引制度（EU-ETS)のもとで取引が可能です。 イギリスでは、各企業により再生可能エネルギーの導入を奨励するRenewable Obligation Certificate program(再生可能エネルギー証書プログラム)を実施しています。 RDFを利用する企業は、燃料がバイオマス起源物質を含むことを証明する必要があります。 バイオマス起源CO2は総温室効果ガス排出量から差し引くことが可能です。よって燃料中のバイオマス起源比率を算定することが重要となります。
## その他の代替燃料
[廃タイヤ燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and waste-to-energy burning tires")
[下水汚泥](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "sewage sludge ASTM D6866 testing")
---
### [Sekundärer Brennstoff aus Abfall: Von Müll zu Energie](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Viele Industrien verbrennen sekundären Brennstoff aus Abfall (RDF) und Ersatzbrennstoffe (SRF) als Energiequellen
- Der biogene Kohlenstoffanteil von RDF oder SRF wird unter Verwendung der Analysestandards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html) und [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html) bestimmt.
- Die Prüfung nach EN ISO 21644 gilt für Unternehmen in Europa, während der Standard ASTM D6866 häufig in den USA und anderen Regionen verwendet wird.
Sekundäre Brennstoffe aus Abfällen werden aus [allgemeinem Hausmüll](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "municipal solid waste as fuel") (MSW) produziert, welche erst geschreddert und dann mit Hochdruckdampf in einem Reaktionsbehälter behandelt werden. Auch als Ersatzbrennstoffe bekannt, bestehen RDFs meistens aus organischen Anteilen wie zum Beispiel Papier, Pappe, Textilien und Holz. Ein erheblicher Anteil der SRFs und RDFs beinhalten außerdem verschiedene Plastikarten. SRFs und RDFs können von Haushalts-, Geschäfts-, Industriemüll und anderen Müllbrennstoffen gewonnen werden.
Die Umwandlung von Abfall in sekundärer Brennstoffe oder Ersatzbrennstoffe hat zwei Gründe: Es verringert die Müllmengen, die in die Abfalldeponien geliefert werden und somit das Problem im Abfallsektor lindert, desweiteren liefert es alternative Brennstoffe für die energieintensive Industrie. RDFs werden zur Energiegewinnung in Zementofen, Elektrizitätswerken und Industrieboilern als Ersatzstoff zu fossilen Brennstoffen benutzt. Um die strikten Standards der Abfallverbrennungsanordnung zu befolgen, verwenden Zementofen in Europa RDFs.
RDFs und SRFs sind effective Ersatzstoffe für fossile Brenstoffe, da sie niedrige Produktionskosten aufweisen, jedoch einen erheblichen thermischen Wert haben. In Japan ist die Verwendung von Ersatzbrennstoffen aus Kunststoff und Papier (RPF) weit verbreitet. RPF besteht aus Altpapier und Kunststoffabfällen, ausgenommen PVC (Polyvinylchlorid) und PVDC (Polyvinylidenchlorid).
## EN 16640 Tests für RDF (zurückgezogen 2021, Ersetzt durch EN ISO 21644)
Ein Standard wurde entwickelt, um die Biomassenfraktionen von sekundären Brennstoffen gewonnen aus Abfall und Ersatzbrennstoffen zu bemessen. Dieser Standard, EN 16640, bestimmt die biogene Fraktion von Ersatzbrennstoffen durch die Benutzung von Radiokohlenstoff Datierungstechniken.
EN 16640 ist das europäische Equivalent zu dem amerikanischen ASTM D6866. Beide Standards benutzen Radiokohlenstoff Datierungstechniken um die biogenen Fraktionen einer Probe von ihren fossilen Komponenten zu unterscheiden.
Für weitere Informationen, wie Radiokohlenstoff Datierungen Biomassenkomponenten von fossilen Komponenten unterscheiden können. Lesen Sie hier ASTM D6866.
## Europäische Treibhausgasprotokoll
Treibhausgasprotokolle in Europa decken Kohlenstoffdioxidemissionen in verschiedenen Industrien auf. Unternehmen können Kohlenstoffkredite erhalten, wenn sie ihr jährliches CO2 Emissionslimit nicht überschreiten. Diese Kohlenstoffkredite haben einen monetären Wert und sind unter dem Handelsplan der Europäischen Union handelbar. Großbritannien hat desweitern ein erneuerbares Obligationszertifikat Programm, das die erneuerbare Energieerzeugung als Anreiz für Unternehmen sieht.
Unternehmen die RDF benutzen, müssen nachweisen, dass eine bestimmte Fraktion des Brennstoffes biogen ist. Für diese Unternehmen ist es wichtig die biogene Fraktion ihrer Brennstoffe zu wissen, da biogenes CO2 von ihrem Treibhausgasbestand abgezogen wird.
## Andere alternative Brennstoffe
[Sekundärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altreifen.html "Sekundärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen")
[Abwasserschlamm](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Abwasserschlamm")
---
### [Refuse-derived Fuels: From Waste to Energy](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Many industries burn refuse-derived fuels and solid recovered fuels as energy source.
- **Biogenic carbon** fraction of RDF or SRF is determined using analytical standards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) and [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644").
- EN ISO 21644 testing is applicable to companies in Europe while the ASTM D6866 standard is often used in the US and other regions.
**Refuse-derived fuels (RDF)** are produced from [municipal solid waste](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "municipal solid waste as fuel") (MSW) that has been shredded then subsequently treated with pressurized steam in autoclaves. Also called solid recovered fuels (SRF), RDFs are mainly composed of the organic portions of MSW like paper, cardboard, textiles, and wood. A significant portion of SRFs and RDFs, however, includes mixed plastics. SRFs and RDFs can be derived from household, commercial, or industrial wastes and other combustible waste streams.
Conversion of waste into refuse-derived fuels or solid recovered fuels serves two purposes – it reduces the volume of waste sent to landfills thereby solving problems in the waste sector, and it provides alternative fuels for energy-intensive industries. RDFs are used for energy recovery in cement kilns, power stations, and industrial boilers as substitute to fossil fuels. To meet the strict standards of the Waste Incineration Directive, cement kilns in Europe use RDF.
RDFs and SRFs have proven to be effective substitutes to fossil fuels because they have low production costs but have significant thermal value. European countries that produce and use SRF include Austria, Italy, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, UK, and the Scandinavian countries. In Japan, Refuse Plastic & Paper Fuel (RPF) is more widely used. RPF is made of non-reclaimable used paper and plastic waste excluding PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) and PVDC (Polyvinylidene chloride).
## EN 16640 Testing for RDF (withdrawn in 2021 and superseded by EN ISO 21644)
A standard has been developed to measure the biomass carbon fraction of refuse-derived fuels and solid recovered fuels. This standard, **EN 16640**, determines the biogenic carbon fraction of solid recovered fuels using radiocarbon dating techniques.
EN 16640 is similar to the **ASTM D6866** standard in the U.S. Both standards use the radiocarbon dating technique to distinguish the biogenic fractions of samples from their fossil-based components.
For details on how radiocarbon dating can distinguish biogenic components from fossil-based ones, read more about ASTM D6866.
## European Greenhouse Gas Protocols
Greenhouse gas protocols in Europe have cap carbon dioxide emissions in certain industries. Companies can obtain carbon credits if they do not exceed their annual CO2 emission limits. These carbon credits have monetary value and are tradable under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. The UK also has a Renewable Obligation Certificate program that incentivizes renewable energy generation by companies.
Companies that use RDF must prove that a certain fraction of the fuel is biogenic. It is important for these companies to know the biogenic fraction of their fuels because biogenic CO2 is deductible from their greenhouse gas inventories.
## Other Alternative Fuels
[Tire-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and waste-to-energy burning tires")
[Sewage Sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "sewage sludge ASTM D6866 testing")
---
### [Les combustibles dérivés de déchets : Du déchet à l'énergie](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-dechets.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- De nombreuses industries brûlent des combustibles dérivés de déchets (CDD) et des combustibles solides de récupération (CSR) comme source d’énergie
- La fraction de carbone biogène des CDD ou CSR est déterminée à l’aide des normes analytiques [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html) et [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html).
- Les analyses EN ISO 21644 s’appliquent aux entreprises européennes alors que la norme ASTM D6866 est souvent utilisée aux États-Unis et dans d’autres régions du monde.
Les combustibles dérivés de déchets (CDD) sont produits à partir de [déchets solides municipaux](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "déchets solides municipaux") (DSM) qui ont été déchiquetés puis traités avec de la vapeur sous pression dans des autoclaves. Également nommés combustibles solides de récupération, les CDD sont principalement composés des parties organiques des DSM comme le papier, le carton, le textile et le bois. Cependant, une partie importante des CSR et des CDD inclut les plastiques mélangés. Les CSR et les CDD peuvent provenir de déchets ménagers, commerciaux ou industriels, et d’autres flux de déchets combustibles.
La conversion des déchets en combustibles dérivés ou en combustibles solides de récupération a deux utilités : réduire le volume des déchets envoyés aux sites d’enfouissement, répondant ainsi à une problématique du secteur des déchets, et fournir des carburants alternatifs pour les industries grandes consommatrices d’énergie. Les CDD sont utilisés pour la récupération d’énergie dans les fours à ciment, les centrales électriques et les chaudières industrielles, comme substitut aux carburants fossiles. Pour se conformer aux normes strictes de la directive pour l’incinération des déchets, en Europe, les fours à ciment utilisent du CDD.
Les CDD et les CSR se sont révélés être des substituts efficaces aux combustibles fossiles, car leurs coûts de production sont faibles et leur valeur thermique importante. Au Japon, le terme de “combustibles dérivés de déchets plastiques et papiers” (Refuse Plastic & Paper Fuel, RPF) est davantage utilisé. Les combustibles RPF sont faits à partir de déchets plastiques et papiers usagés non récupérables à l’exception du PVC (chlorure de polyvinyle) et PVDC (chlorure de polyvinylidène).
## Mesures selon le EN 16640 pour les CDD (retiré en 2021, remplacée par la norme EN ISO 21644)
Une norme a été développée pour mesurer la teneur en biomasse des combustibles dérivés de déchets et des combustibles solides de récupération. La norme EN 16640, permet ainsi de déterminer la fraction organique des combustibles solides de récupération, et ce au moyen des techniques de datation radiocarbone.
La EN 16640 est l’équivalent européen de l’ASTM D6866 aux États-Unis. Toutes les deux font le choix de la technique de datation radiocarbone pour distinguer les fractions organiques des échantillons de leurs composants fossiles.
Pour plus de détails sur la façon dont la datation radiocarbone peut différencier les composants de la biomasse des composants fossiles, informez-vous ici: ASTM D6866.
## Les protocoles européens relatifs au gaz à effet de serre
En Europe, les protocoles relatifs au gaz à effet de serre établissent des seuils limites d’émissions de dioxyde de carbone pour certaines industries. Les entreprises peuvent obtenir des crédits carbone si elles ne dépassent pas leurs limites d’émissions de CO2 annuelles. Ces crédits carbone ont une valeur monétaire et sont échangeables dans le cadre du système d’échange de quotas d’émissions de l’Union européenne. Le Royaume-Uni dispose également d’un tel programme, le Renewable Obligation Certificate, qui incite les entreprises à produire une énergie renouvelable.
Les entreprises qui utilisent du CDD doivent prouver qu’une certaine fraction du combustible n’est pas d’origine fossile. Il est important pour ces entreprises de connaître la fraction non fossile de leurs carburants, car le CO2 provenant de l’utilisation de sources non fossiles est déductible de leurs inventaires de gaz à effet de serre.
## Autres carburants alternatifs
[Les combustibles dérivés de pneumatiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-pneus.html "Les combustibles dérivés de pneumatiques")
[Les boues d’épuration](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Les boues d'épuration")
---
### [Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse im Vergleich zum Verfahren des selektiven Lösens](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/kohlenstoff-kredit-sdm.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Das Verfahren des selektiven Lösens ist für viele Proben nicht anwendbar
- Die Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse ist im Gegensatz zu SDM nicht auf die biologische Abbaubarkeit der Proben beschränkt.
- Beta Analytic bietet [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html) Tests an, kein SDM
Die Notwendigkeit zwischen den biogenen und fossilen Anteilen der Kohlenstoff dioxidemissionen zu unterscheiden wurde ersichtlich, als der CO2 Emissionshandel nicht nur in Europa sondern auch in Nordamerika und anderen Teilen der Welt einsetzte. Die Regierungen und Industrien müssen Vorschriften einhalten, die ihre jährliche CO2 Emission abdecken. Sie müssen den biogenen Anteil derverwendeten Brennstoffe kennen, um die Vorschriften einhalten und Vergütungen in Anspruch nehmen zu können- Das Ziel der Bemühungen ist es den globalen Klimawandel zu verringern, indem der Ausstoß von Treibhausgas weltweit reduziert wird.
Die Bestimmung des biogenen Anteils von Brennstoffen war für Betriebe, die gemischte/heterogene Brennstoffe wie Ersatzbrennstoffe (SRF) oder [Sekundärbrennstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html "Sekundärbrennstoffe") (RDF) aus Abfall verwenden schwierig. Verschiedene Methoden wurden entwickelt um das Problem anzugehen. Eine der ersten Methoden die entwickelt wurden um biogene Anteile von Mischtreibstoffen messen zu können, war das Verfahren des selektiven Lösens.
## Verfahren des selektiven Lösens (SDM)
Das Verfahren des selektiven Lösens setzt voraus, dass sich die Bestandteile des Biomassebrennstoffes der Sekundärbrennstoffe aus Abfällen (SRFs), im Gegensatz zum fossilen Anteil in Schwefelsäure oder Wasserstoffperoxid auflöst. SDM wurde ursprünglich als eine Methode entwickelt, um den biologisch abbaubaren Anteil in Kompost bestimmen zu können. Als die Methode auf Sekundärbrennstoffe aus Abfällen angewandt wurde, nahm man an, dass “Biomasse“ äquivalent zu “biologisch abbaubar“ ist. Dies ist allerdings nicht gerade exakt.
Die SDM Hypothese gilt in vielen Fällen, jedoch können Unsicherheiten auftreten, wenn Sekundärbrennstoffe aus Abfällen einen biologisch abbaubaren Anteil aufweisen, der nicht aus Biomasse besteht wie z.B. Nylon, oder Materialien aus Biomasse, die nicht vollständig biologisch abbaubar sind wie z.B. Wolle. EN 16640 bestätigt, dass die SDM fürbestimmte Materialien, die gewöhnlich oder möglicherweise Teil von Sekundärbrennstoffen aus Abfällen sind nicht anwendbar ist. Diese Einschränkungen müssen in jedem Fall berücksichtigt werden.
EN 15540 erkennt die Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse als eine alternative Methode zur Bestimmung des Biomasseanteilsan.Ausgedrückt als Prozentanteil des Kohlenstoffgehaltes. Im Jahre 2006 war die C-14 Methode noch in der Anfangsphase der Entwicklung. Die Vorteile der C-14 Methode war CEN bekannt und führte zu der Entwicklung des CEN/TR 15591- Bestimmungen des Biomasseanteils in Sekundärbrennstoffen aus Abfällen, die auf dem Radiokarbon Datierungsverfahren beruhen. CEN 15591 wurde im Januar 2007 verabschiedet und diese Darstellung wurde im Jahre 2008 zur technischen Vorlage.
Hinweis: EN 16640 wurde 2021 zurückgezogen und durch EN ISO 21644 ersetzt.
## Vorteile der Kohlenstoff-14 Methodegegenüber SDM
CEN 15591 bestätigt, dass die Grenzen des SMD Verfahrens nicht zu der effizientesten Methode bezüglich der Bestimmung des Biomassengehaltes der Sekundärbrennstoffe aus Abfällenbeitragen. Dies gilt besonders,wenn die Materialien fossilen und biogenen Kohlenstoff auf molekularer Ebene beinhalten. Obwohl die Radiokohlenstoff Datierungsmethoden teurer sind und geschultes Personal benötigen, sind diese Verfahren dazu in der Lage analytische Probleme zu lösen,die für andere Methoden, wie das manuelle Sortieren und die SDM unmöglich sind.
Die nationale Treibhaus und Energie Berichtserstattung (Messung) und technische Leitlinien, die von dem australischen Department ofClimate Change im Jahre 2008 festgelegt wurden, beurteilen die Technik der Radiokohlenstoffdatierung als besser als die SDM. Kohlenstoffdatierung kann auf jede Art von Treibstoffgemischen angewendet werden, einschließlich Gase, Flüssigkeiten und Festbrennstoffe. Die Analyse kann direkt an denBrennstoffmischungen oder dem Verbrennungsgas durchführen werden.Diese Eigenschaft ist für Anlagen mit Emissionsbeobachtungssystemen nützlich. Die C-14 Analyse ist außerdem besonders nützlich, wenn die Probenahme sich schwierig gestaltet, da für die C-14 Analyse weniger Proben benötigt werden als für die SDM.
## Biomasseanteil durch Brennwertverfahren
Trotz ihrer Einschränkungen, kann das SDM den Biomasseanteil der Sekundärbrennstoffe aus Abfällen anhand der Brennwerte berechnen, während die Kohlenstoffdatierungsmethoden dazu nicht in der Lage sind, da die nicht-Biomasseanteile der Proben während der Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse nicht getrennt werden. Ebenso können die Kohlenstoffdatierungsverfahren den Biomassegehalt nicht anhand des Gewichtes bestimmen.
Der prozentuale Anteil der Biomasseenergie in Brennstoffgemischen, kann jedoch aus den Ergebnissen der Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse berechnet werden. Details der Berechnung wurden in einem Bericht aufgeführt,der von der Gesellschaft für erneuerbaren Energien in Zusammenarbeit mit der ColumbiaUniversität in Auftrag gegeben wurde.
## Beta Analytic bietet keine SDM Analysen an
Beta Analyticist ein ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiertes Radiokohlenstoff datierungs labor mit Sitz in Miami, Florida. Beta Analytic bietet EN ISO 21644 Tests an, welche eine industrielle Anwendung der Radiokohlenstoffdatierung für Nutzer von Ersatzbrennstoffen in Europa ist. Das Unternehmen bietet keine SDM Analysen an.
---
### [폐기물 재생 연료 (Refuse-derived Fuel): 폐자원에서 에너지로 전환](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 대부분의 기업들은 폐자원 재생 연료(refuse derived fuels RDF)와 고형 재생 연료 (solid recovered fuels SRF)을 에너지원으로 사용하고 있습니다.
- RDF나 SRF 의 바이오제닉 탄소 함량은 분석 표준 방법인 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 와 [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html)으로 측정합니다.
- EN ISO 21644 실험 방법은 유럽 기업에 적용되며, ASTM D6866 표준 방법은 미국과 그 외 지역에서 사용합니다.
폐자원 재생 연료 (RDF)는 [고형 도시 폐자원](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "municipal solid waste as fuel") (MSW)을 잘게 절단해서 증기로 압축해서 만들며 고형 재생 연료(SRF)라고도 합니다. 이러한 폐자원 재생 연료는 고형 도시 폐자원 중 유기물질인 종이, 상자 박스, 섬유, 나무로 주로 이루어져 있으며, 고형 재생 연료와 다른 점은 고형 재생 연료는 다양한 종류의 플라스틱이 같이 들어 있다는 것입니다. 이들 재생 연료들은 일반 가정용, 상업용, 산업용 쓰레기 중에서 태울 수 있는 쓰레기로 만듭니다.
쓰레기 폐자원을 폐기물 재생 연료나 고형 재생 연료로 바꾸는 데는 2가지 목적이 있는데 하나는 매립해야 할 쓰레기 양을 줄게 해 쓰레기 처리 문제를 해결하고, 둘째는 에너지 집약 산업에서 대체 연료로 쓰는 것입니다. 폐기물 재생 연료는 시멘트, 발전소, 일반 기업 보일러에서 화석 연료를 대신해서 에너지 절약용으로 사용합니다. 유럽의 시멘트 회사들은 강력한 쓰레기 소각 정책의 기준을 맞추기 위해 폐기물 재생 연료를 사용합니다.
폐기물 재생 연료와 고형 재생 연료는 화석 연료의 대체 연료로 상당히 효과적이라는 것이 증명되었습니다. 우선 생산 비용이 적으며, 열 에너지가 상당합니다. 일본에서의 재생 플라스틱과 종이 연료 (Refuse Plastic & Paper Fuel (RPF))는 PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) 와 PVDC (Polyvinylidene chloride)을 제외한 . 재생가능한 중고 종이와 플라스틱 쓰래기로 만들어진 중고 RPF을 가장 광범위하게 사용한다.
## 폐기물 재생 연료를 위한 EN 16640 실험 (2021년 중단됨, EN ISO 21644로 대치됨)
폐기물 재생 연료와 고형 재생 연료의 바이오 유래 물질 함량 측정 기준 방법은 오랫동안 다양하게 발전해 왔으며, 현재의 기준 방법인 EN 16640, 은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 이용하여 고형 재생 연료의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 방법입니다.
EN 16640 은 유럽의 기준 방법으로서 미국의 ASTM D6866과 동일합니다. 이 두 기준 모두 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 이용하여 바이오 매스 함량을 측정합니다.
방사성탄소 연대측정 기법이 어떻게 화석 연료에서 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는지 더 자세히 알고 싶으시면 ASTM D6866 을 읽어 보시기 바랍니다.
## 유럽의 온실가스 규정
유럽의 온실가스 규정에 따라 각각의 산업체가 방출하는 이산화탄소의 량은 정해져 있습니다. 기업들 입장에서는 만약에 정해진 이산화탄소 배출 한도를 넘지 않으면, 탄소 배출 권을 얻을 수 있으며 이 탄소 배출 권은 금전적 가치를 가지고 있어 유럽 연합의 이산화탄소 배출 거래 제 (Emissions Trading Scheme)에 따라 매매도 가능합니다. 영국 역시 기업들의 재생 에너지 사용을 장려하는 Renewable Obligation Certificate 프로그램을 운영하고 있습니다.
폐기물 재생 연료를 사용하는 기업들은 사용하는 연료 중에서 일정량이 바이오 매스라는 것을 반드시 증명해야 하며, 사용하는 연료의 바이오 매스 함량을 알아야 합니다. 함량을 정확히 알아야 바이오 매스 이산화탄소를 온실가스 재고에서 차감할 수 있습니다.
## 대안 연료들
[폐타이어 재생 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and waste-to-energy burning tires")
[하수 슬러지](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "sewage sludge ASTM D6866 testing")
---
### [Combustíveis Derivados de Resíduos: Transformando Desperdício em Energia](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Muitas indústrias fazem uso dos combustíveis derivados de resíduos e dos combustíveis sólidos recuperados como fontes de energia
- A fração de carbono biogênico de CDR ou CSR é determinada segundo os padrões analíticos [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) e [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html).
- A análise segundo o padrão EN ISO 21644 se aplica a empresas na Europa, enquanto o padrão ASTM D6866 é normalmente empregado nos Estados Unidos e outras regiões.
Os combustíveis derivados de resíduos (CDRs) são produzidos a partir de [resíduos sólidos municipais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/residuos-solidos-municipais.html "resíduos sólidos municipais") (RSMs) que foram triturados e tratados com vapor pressurizadoem autoclaves.Também conhecidos como combustíveis sólidos recuperados, os CDRs são compostos principalmente por porções orgânicas de RSMs, tais como o papel, papelão, produtos têxteis e madeira. No entanto, uma proporção significativa dos CSRs e CDRs inclui plásticos mistos. Os CSRs e CDRs podem originarde resíduos domésticos, comerciais ou industriais e outras categorias de resíduos combustíveis.
A transformação de resíduos em combustíveis derivados de resíduos ou combustíveis sólidos recuperados atende a dois propósitos: reduzir o volume de resíduos em aterros sanitários e, desta forma, resolver problemas no setor de resíduos, e fornecer combustíveis alternativos às indústrias que fazem uso intensivo de energia. Os CDRs são usados na recuperação de energia em fornos de cimento, centrais elétricas e caldeiras industriaiscomo substitutos aos combustíveis fósseis. Para atender aos estritos padrões da “Diretiva de Incineração de Resíduos”, os fornos de cimento na Europa usam os CDRs.
Os CDRs e CSRs têm demonstrado que são substitutos eficazes aos combustíveis fósseis por terem baixos custos de produção, mas um poder calorífico significativo. No Japão, o combustível de detritos de plástico e papel (RPF – Refuse Plastic & Paper Fuel) é mais amplamente utilizado. O RPF é composto de detritos não-reutilizáveis de papel e plástico, excluindo PVC (policloreto de vinila) e PVDC (cloreto de polivinilideno).
## Uso do Método EN 16640 para Analisar os CDRs (revogada em 2021, suplantada pela norma EN ISO 21644)
Foi desenvolvido um padrão para medir a fração de biomassa dos combustíveis derivados de resíduos. Este padrão, conhecido como EN 16640, determina a fração biogênica doscombustíveis sólidos recuperados usando técnicas de datação por radiocarbono.
O padrão EN 16640 é o equivalente europeu do padrão ASTM D6866 nos Estados Unidos. Ambos os padrões usam a técnica de datação por radiocarbono para distinguir as frações biogênicas das amostras de seus componentes de origem fóssil.
Para obter mais detalhes sobre como a datação por radiocarbono pode distinguir os componentes de biomassa dos de base fóssil, leia mais sobre o padrão ASTM D6866.
## Protocolos Europeus Referentes aos Gases de Efeito Estufa
Os protocolos ligados aos gases de efeito estufa na Europa estabelecem limites de emissões de dióxido de carbono em determinadas indústrias. As empresas podem obter créditos de carbono, caso não excedam seus limites anuais de emissões de CO2. Estes créditos de carbono têm um valor monetário e podem ser comercializados através do Esquema de Comércio de Emissões da União Européia. O Reino Unido também tem um programa de certificação conhecido como “Renewable Obligation” que incentiva a geração de energia renovável por parte das empresas.
As empresas que usam os CDRs devem provar que uma determinada fração do combustível é biogênica. É importante que estas empresas saibam a fração biogênica de seus combustíveis porque o CO2 biogênico pode ser deduzido de seus inventários de gases de efeito estufa.
## Outros Combustíveis Alternativos
[Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-pneus.html "Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus")
[Lodo de Esgoto](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodo de Esgoto")
---
### [Combustibles Derivados de Residuos: Transformando el Desperdicio en Energía](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Muchas industrias hacen uso de los combustibles derivados de residuos y de los combustibles sólidos recuperados como fuentes de energía
- La medición de la fracción de carbono biogénico de los RDF o SRF se realiza conforme a las normas analíticas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) y [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html).
- La norma EN ISO 21644 es aplicable a empresas en Europa, mientras que la norma ASTM D6866 se utiliza regularmente en Estados Unidos y otras regiones.
Los combustibles derivados de residuos (CDRs) son producidos a partir de [residuos sólidos municipales](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "residuos sólidos municipales") (RSMs) triturados y tratados con vapor presurizado en autoclaves. También conocidos como combustibles sólidos recuperados, los CDRs son compuestos principalmente por porciones orgánicas de RSMs, como el papel, papelón, productos textiles y madera. Sin embargo, una proporción significativa de los CSRs y CDRs incluye plásticos mezclados. Los CSRs y CDRs pueden originar de residuos domésticos, comerciales o industriales y otras categorías de residuos combustibles.
La transformación de residuos en combustibles derivados de residuos o combustibles sólidos recuperados atiende a dos propósitos: reducir el volumen de residuos envertederos y, de esta manera, solucionar problemas del sector de residuos, y proporcionar combustibles alternativos a las industrias que hacen uso intensivo de energía. Los CDRs son utilizados en la recuperación de energía en hornos de cemento, centrales eléctricas y calderas industriales como sustitutos de los combustibles fósiles. Para atender a los estrictos estándares de la “Directiva de Incineración de Residuos”, los hornos de cemento en Europa utilizan los CDRs.
Los CDRs y CSRs han demostrado que son sustitutos eficaces de los combustibles fósiles por sus bajos costos de producción, pero con poder calorífico significativo. En Japón se utiliza comúnmente el término combustibles a base de desechos de plástico y papel (RPF por sus siglas en inglés). Los RPF se elaboran a partir de desechos de papel y plástico no recuperables, con excepción de PVC (cloruro de polivinilo) y PVDC (cloruro de polivinilideno).
## Uso del Método EN 16640 para Analizar los CDRs (revocada en 2021, reemplazada por la norma EN ISO 21644)
Un estándar ha sido desarrollado para medir la fracción de biomasa de los combustibles derivados de residuos. Este estándar, conocido como EN 16640, determina la fracción biogénica de los combustibles sólidos recuperados utilizando técnicas de datación por radiocarbono.
El estándar EN 16640 es el equivalente europeo del estándar ASTM D6866 en los Estados Unidos. Ambos los estándares utilizan la técnica de datación por radiocarbono para distinguir las fracciones biogénicas de las muestras de sus componentes de origen fósil.
Para obtener más detalles sobre como la datación por radiocarbono puede distinguir los componentes de biomasa de los de base fósil, lea más sobre el estándar ASTM D6866.
## Protocolos Europeos Relacionados a los Gases de Efecto Invernadero
Los protocolos relacionados a los gases de efecto invernadero en Europa establecen límites de emisiones de dióxido de carbono en determinadas industrias. Las empresas pueden obtener créditos de carbono, si no exceden sus límites anuales de emisiones de CO2. Estos créditos de carbono tienen un valor monetario y pueden ser comercializados a través del Esquema de Comercio de Emisiones de la Unión Europea. El Reino Unido también tiene un programa de certificación conocido como “RenewableObligation” que fomenta la generación de energía renovable por parte de las empresas.
Las empresas que utilizan los CDRs deben probar que una determinada fracción del combustible es biogénica. Es importante que estas empresas sepan la fracción biogénica de sus combustibles porque el CO2 biogénico puede ser deducido de sus inventarios de gases de efecto invernadero.
## Otros Combustibles Alternativos
[Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-neumaticos.html "Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos")
[Lodos de Depuradora](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodos de Depuradora")
---
### [Combustibili derivati da rifiuti: dal rifiuto all’energia](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-rifiuti.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Diverse industrie bruciano combustibili derivati da rifiuti e combustibili solidi secondari per produrre energia
- La frazione biogenica di CDR e CSS viene misurata attraverso gli standard di analisi [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html) e [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html).
- EN ISO 21644 è uno standard europeo, mentre ASTM D6866 è uno standard internazionale spesso utilizzato negli USA e in altre regioni.
**I combustibili derivati da rifiuti (CDR)** vengono prodotti a partire da [rifiuti solidi urbani](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/rifiuti-solidi-urbani.html "rifiuti solidi urbani") (RSU) triturati e successivamente trattati a secco in autoclave. Conosciuti anche con il nome di combustibili solidi secondari, sono composti principalmente dalle parti organiche dei rifiuti solidi urbani come carta, cartone, tessuti e legno. Una porzione significativa dei CSS e dei CDR – che possono derivare da rifiuti domestici, commerciali o industriali e da altre fonti di rifiuti combustibili – è tuttavia costituita dalle plastiche miste.
La conversione dei rifiuti in combustibili derivati da rifiuti o combustibili solidi secondari serve a due scopi principali: riduce il volume dei rifiuti inviati alle discariche, risolvendo quindi alcuni problemi del settore dei rifiuti, e fornisce combustibili alternativi per le industrie ad alta intensità energetica. I CDR vengono utilizzati per la produzione di energia in cementifici, centrali elettriche e caldaie industriali come sostituti dei combustibili fossili. Per rispettare le norme severe della Waste Incineration Directive, i cementifici europei utilizzano i CDR.
I CDR e i CSS sono efficaci sostituti dei combustibili fossili perché hanno bassi costi di produzione e un notevole valore termico. In Giappone, il combustibile derivato da plastica e carta di scarto (RPF – Refuse Plastic & Paper Fuel) è quello più comunemente utilizzato. L’RPF è composto da carta e plastica non riciclabili ad eccezione del PVC (polivinilcloruro) e del PVDC (polivinilidene cloruro).
## Le analisi con EN 16640 per i CDR (ritirato nel 2021, sostituita da EN ISO 21644)
EN 16640 è uno standard sviluppato per misurare la frazione di biomassa dei combustibili derivati dai rifiuti e dei combustibili solidi secondari e ne determina la frazione biogenica attraverso la tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio.
Questo standard è simile allo standard americano ASTM D6866. Entrambi sfruttano la tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio per distinguere la frazione biogenica dei campioni dai loro componenti fossili.
Per ulteriori informazioni su come la datazione al radiocarbonio permetta di distinguere i componenti biogenici da quelli fossili, consultare la pagina relativa ad ASTM D6866.
## Protocolli europei sui gas serra
I protocolli europei sui gas serra impongono ad alcune industrie un tetto massimo di emissioni di anidride carbonica. Mantenendo le proprie emissioni al di sotto dei limiti annuali, le aziende possono ottenere crediti di carbonio che hanno un valore monetario e possono essere oggetto di scambio nell’ambito del Sistema Europeo di Scambio delle Emissioni. Il Regno Unito ha un proprio programma, il Renewable Obligation Certificate, che incentiva la generazione di energia rinnovabile da parte delle imprese.
Le aziende che fanno ricorso ai CDR devono dimostrare che una certa frazione del combustibile utilizzato sia biogenica. È quindi importante per un’azienda conoscere la frazione biogenica dei propri combustibili, dal momento che la CO2 è deducibile dall’inventario delle emissioni di gas a effetto serra.
## Altri combustibili alternativi
[Combustibili derivati da pneumatici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-pneumatici.html "Combustibili derivati da pneumatici")
[Fanghi di depurazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Fanghi di depurazione")
---
### [Carbon-14 Analysis vs. Selective Dissolution Method](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- The Selective Dissolution Method is not applicable to many samples.
- Carbon-14 analysis is not limited by the biodegradability of the sample unlike the SDM.
- Beta Analytic provides [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") Testing, not SDM
The need to distinguish between the biogenic and fossil-based fractions of carbon dioxide emissions became apparent at the onset of CO2 emission trading not only in Europe but also in North America and other parts of the world. Governments and industries need to comply with regulations capping their annual CO2 emissions. They need to know the biogenic fraction of the fuels they are combusting to comply with regulations and avail of incentives – efforts that aim to mitigate global climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.
Determination of the biogenic fractions of fuels was difficult for industrial plants using mixed/ heterogeneous fuels like solid recovered fuels (SRF) or [refuse-derived fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html) (RDF). Different methods were developed to address this issue. One of the first methods developed to measure biogenic fractions of mixed fuels was the selective dissolution method.
## Selective Dissolution Method
The selective dissolution method assumes that biomass fuel components of SRF will dissolve in sulfuric acid or hydrogen peroxide but the fossil-fuel components will not. SDM was originally developed as a method to determine the biodegradable content of compost. When it was applied to SRF, it was assumed that “biomass” is equivalent to “biodegradable,” which is not exactly accurate.
The SDM assumption holds true in many cases but uncertainties arise when the SRFs have biodegradable components that are not biomass, e.g. nylon, or when biomass materials are present that are not fully biodegradable, e.g. wool. EN 16640 acknowledged that the SDM is not applicable to some materials usually or possibly present in SRF, and its limitations have to be considered.
CEN/TS 15540:2006 noted that carbon-14 analysis is an alternative method to determine the biomass content expressed in percentage by carbon content. In 2006, the C14 method for SRF was in its early stages of development. The merits of the C14 method were already recognized by the CEN, and this led to the development of a technical report called the CEN/TR 15591 – determination of biomass content in SRF based on the radiocarbon dating method. The CEN 15591 was approved in January 2007, and this technical report eventually became a technical specification in 2008.
Note: EN 15440 was withdrawn in 2021 and superseded by EN ISO 21644.
## Advantages of Carbon-14-Based Method over SDM
CEN/TR 15591 acknowledges that the selective dissolution method’s limitations do not make it the most effective method for determining biomass content of SRF with materials having fossil and biomass carbon at the molecular level. Although radiocarbon dating methods are more expensive and require skilled personnel, they are able to resolve analytical problems that would have been impossible to solve with manual sorting and SDM as methods.
The National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Technical Guidelines released by the Australian Department of Climate Change in 2008 consider the radiocarbon dating technique better than SDM. Carbon dating can be applied to any type of blended fuel including gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels. It can also analyze the mixed fuels directly or their combustion gases, which is particularly useful for facilities with emissions monitoring systems in place. In cases when sampling fuels can be difficult, carbon 14 analysis is indeed more advantageous because it doesn’t require as much samples as SDM.
## Biomass Content by Calorific Value
Despite its limitations, SDM can estimate the biomass content of SRF by calorific value while carbon dating methods cannot because the non-biomass part of samples are not separated during the carbon-14 analysis. Carbon dating methods also cannot determine the biomass content by weight.
The percentage of biomass energy in mixed fuels, however, can be calculated from carbon-14 analysis results. Details of the computation has been shown in a report commissioned by the UK Renewable Energy Association in cooperation with Columbia University.
## Beta Analytic Does Not Provide SDM Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic is a radiocarbon dating lab based in Miami, Florida. It provides EN ISO 21644 testing, which is an industrial application of radiocarbon dating, for users of solid recovered fuels in Europe. The company does not offer selective dissolution method testing.
---
### [BETA Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/beta.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic Inc., mit Sitz in Miami, Florida, wurde 1979 mit dem Ziel gegründet den Bedarf für zeitnahe Radiokohlenstoffdatierungen kombiniert mit einer reaktionsfähigen Kundenbetreuung zu decken. Die schnelle Lieferung der Ergebnisse war essentiell für die aufkommende Branche der Vertragsarchäologie. Die nun gereifte Kulturressourcen Managementindustrie verlässt sich weiterhin stark auf Beta, da hier alle Anforderungen für Radiokohlenstoffdatierungen erfüllt werden.
Der Erlass der Farm Security und der „Rural Investment Act“ von 2002 zog die Aufmerksamkeit der Beta Geschäftsführer auf ähnliche Art an wie der „Archaeological Resource Protection Act“ von 1979. Der Gesetzentwurf von 2002 fordert die Bundesbeschaffungsstellen dazu auf, nur Produkte mit dem höchsten biobasierenden Anteil zu kaufen. Der biobasierende Anteilwird gemessen, indem man den rezenten Kohlenstoffanteil mit dem fossilen Kohlenstoff vergleicht. Es war nur eine kleine Modifikation in der finalen Berechnung notwendig, um das Radiokohlenstoffdatum¹ in einen zertifizierten biobasierenden Wert umzuwandeln. Basierend auf der bereits vorhandenen Expertise Betas, konnte eine zuverlässige Ressource für die aufkommende Herstellerindustrie für biobasierende Produkte angeboten werden.
Im Jahr 2003 führte die CIRAS Einrichtung der Iowa State Universität unter der Leitung der USDA ein Programm durch, welches die Leistungsfähigkeit von Beta(wie auch von vielen anderen Laboren) überprüfte. Bis Juni 2004, hatte Beta über 200 biobasierende Produkte unter kontrollierten Testbedingungen analysiert und alle Ergebnisse innerhalb von 1 bis 3 Wochen geliefert. Die Ergebnisse bestätigten den Nutzen von Radiokohlenstoffdatierungen für die Bestimmung von zertifizierten biobasierenden Anteilen und die kommerzielle Leistungsfähigkeit von Beta einen zuverlässigen Service zu bieten.
Ebenfalls im Jahr 2004trat Beta der Unterkommission D20.96 der amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Materialprüfung (ASTM) bei, um bei der Erstellung des ASTM Standards für die Bestimmung des biobasierenden Anteils durch Anwendung der Radiokohlenstoffdatierung zu helfen. Dieser Standard wurde im Juli 2004 als [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd6866.html "ASTM D6866") verabschiedet und wird nun verwendet um den biogenen (Biomasse) Anteil von heterogenen Brennstoffen und CO2 Emissionen zumessen, wie es für Treibhausgasprotokolle vorschrieben wird. Das Verfahren wurde außerdem in Kaliforniens AB 32 und das Klima Treibhausgasprotokollregister aufgenommen.
Ähnlich der ASTM D6866 Norm, wird EN 16640 dazu verwendet um Ersatzbrennstoffe im Rahmen des Emissionshandelssystem der Europäischen Union zu kontrollieren.
Beta unterstützt Klimaschutzinitiativen und stellt dasWerkzeug zur Analyse von Brennstoffen und anderen Materialien für Organisationen, um die Vorschriften der Treibhausgasprotokolle und dem erneuerbaren Energieprogramm zu gewährleisten. Dies wird durch die Verwendung der neusten Technologie gewährleistet, welche imstande ist auf effiziente und zuverlässige Weise akkurate Daten zu liefern. Die Erfüllung aller Anforderungen führt zu einer wachsenden Kundenkartei, mit über 9.000 Wissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren aus über 30 Ländern weltweit.
Im Jahr 2008 wurde Beta mit der ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Akkreditierung von der Perry Johnson Laborakkreditierung ausgezeichnet. Dies führte zu einer deutlichen Steigerung von Betas Reputation als hochkompetentes und zuverlässiges Testlabor.
Heute ist Beta Analytic das weltweit größte Radiokohlenstoff Datierungslabor. Unsere Hingabe zu Präzision, Zuverlässigkeit und Diskretion ist die Grundlage auf der das Vertrauen der Kollegenberuht.
1\. Graven, Heather D; Guilderson, Thomas P; Keeling, Ralph F. [Methods for High-Precision 14C AMS Measurement of Atmospheric CO2 at LLNL](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Graven.pdf). RADIOCARBON, Vol 49, Nr 2, 2007, S. 349-356.
---
### [Analyse par carbone-14 et méthode de dissolution sélective](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/credits-carbone-mds.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- La méthode par dissolution sélective n’est pas applicable dans plusieurs cas
- Le carbone-14 n’est pas limité par la biodégradabilité de l’échantillon
- Beta Analytic fournit le test [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html), pas la MDS
Le besoin de distinguer entre les fractions d’émissions de CO2 biogènes et fossiles est devenu pressant avec l’émergence des bourses de carbone, non seulement en Europe, mais aussi en Amérique du Nord et dans d’autres régions du monde. Les gouvernements et les industriels doivent se plier à des lois limitant leurs émissions annuelles de dioxyde de carbone. Il leur est nécessaire de connaître la part de composé biogène dans leurs combustibles pour pouvoir satisfaire aux différentes réglementations et être éligibles aux programmes incitatifs (efforts dont le but est de limiter le réchauffement climatique en réduisant les gaz à effet de serre).
La détermination de la fraction biogène était une tâche délicate pour les industries utilisant des combustibles mélangés/hétérogènes, comme les combustibles solides de récupération (CSR), ou les [combustibles dérivés de déchets](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-dechets.html "a.k.a. combustibles dérivés de déchets") (CDD). Différentes méthodes ont été mises au point dans cet objectif, la méthode par dissolution sélective étant l’une des premières.
## Méthode de dissolution sélective
La méthode de dissolution sélective part du principe que l’ensemble de la biomasse dans le CSR se dissout dans l’acide ou le peroxyde d’hydrogène contrairement à la partie fossile. La méthode a été initialement développée pour étudier la biodégradabilité du compost. Son utilisation pour les CSR est basée sur l’hypothèse que “biomasse” équivaut à “biodégradable”, ce qui n’est pas nécessairement vrai.
L’hypothèse est valide dans plusieurs cas, mais des incertitudes demeurent lorsque le combustible contient une fraction biodégradable autre que de la biomasse, comme du nylon, ou tout simplement lorsque la biomasse n’est pas entièrement biodégradable, comme dans le cas de la laine. Ces limites sont reconnues dans le EN 16640.
Le EN 16640:2006 note également qu’une analyse au carbone-14 est une méthode alternative permettant de déterminer le contenu en biomasse exprimé en pourcentage de carbone. La méthode commençait à être développée pour une utilisation sur les CSR. Ce qui n’empêcha pas le CEN de la reconnaître dès 2006, en élaborant le rapport technique correspondant, CEN/TR 15591 – détermination du contenu en biomasse dans les CSR, basée sur la datation par radiocarbone. Le CEN/TR 15591 a été approuvé en janvier 2007, et ce rapport technique est devenu une norme CEN en 2008. En 2011, la norme EN 16640 a remplacé.
Remarque : La norme EN 16640 a été supprimée en 2021 et remplacée par la norme EN ISO 21644.
## Avantages de la méthode basée sur le carbone-14
Le CEN/TR 15591 reconnaît que les limitations de la méthode par dissolution sélective sont handicapantes dans le cas de combustibles mélangeant des matières fossiles et de la biomasse au niveau moléculaire. La datation par radiocarbone, bien que plus chère et nécessitant un personnel qualifié, est bien plus adaptée dans certains cas problématiques que les autres approches.
Le “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Technical Guidelines” édicté en 2008 par le ministère australien en charge de l’énergie et du changement climatique, considère les techniques à base de radiocarbone meilleures que la dissolution sélective, étant applicables à tous types de mélanges de carburants, incluant aussi bien les gaz, les liquides et les solides. Il est possible d’analyser soit les composés directement, soit les gaz résultants de la combustion, ce qui s’avère très utile pour les usines disposant de systèmes de suivi. La méthode présente également l’avantage de nécessiter des quantités d’échantillons moindres.
## Fraction de biomasse à travers son pouvoir calorifique
Malgré ses limitations, la dissolution sélective permet d’estimer la fraction de biomasse du CSR en déterminant son pouvoir calorifique, ce qui n’est pas possible avec la datation au carbone-14, étant donné que l’on ne sépare pas la biomasse du reste pour procéder à l’analyse, tout comme il n’est pas possible de faire la détermination en considérant la masse.
Le pourcentage de l’énergie due à la biomasse peut cependant être calculé. Les détails des calculs sont consultables dans un rapport commandé par la Renewable Energy : Association britannique, en coopération avec l’université Columbia.
## Beta Analytic ne fournit pas le test SDM
Beta Analytic, laboratoire basé à Miami en Floride, est accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 pour la datation au radiocarbone. Il fournit le test EN ISO 21644, application industrielle de cette technique, en Europe, à ceux qui utilisent des combustibles solides de récupération. L’entreprise ne fait pas de tests basés sur la méthode de dissolution sélective.
---
### [Análisis del Carbono-14 y Método de Disolución Selectiva](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/creditos-carbono-sdm.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- El Método de Disolución Selectiva no puede ser utilizado con muchas muestras
- El análisis del carbono-14 no está limitado a la biodegradabilidad de la muestra, a diferencia del MDS
- Beta Analytic ofrece servicios de análisis utilizando el método [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/en-iso-21644.html), en lugar del MDS
La necesidad de distinguir las fracciones biogénicas y de origen fósil de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono se hizo evidente en el inicio de la comercialización de emisiones de CO2 no solamente en Europa, sino también en América del Norte y en otras partes del mundo. Los gobiernos y las industrias necesitan cumplir los reglamentos relacionados a limitar sus emisiones anuales de CO2. Se necesita saber la fracción biogénica de los combustibles utilizados para cumplir los reglamentos y hacer uso de determinados incentivos – estos son esfuerzos destinados a mitigar los cambios climáticos alrededor del mundo, disminuyendo las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.
Determinar las fracciones biogénicas de los combustibles era difícil para las industrias que utilizaban combustibles mezclados/heterogéneos, como los combustibles sólidos recuperados (CSRs) o [combustibles derivados de residuos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html "combustibles derivados de residuos") (CDRs). Diferentes métodos fueron desarrollados para solucionar esta cuestión. Uno de los primeros métodos desarrollados para medir las fracciones biogénicas de los combustibles mezclados fue el método de disolución selectiva.
## Método de Disolución Selectiva
El método de disolución selectiva supone que los componentes de combustibles de biomasa que se encuentran en los CSRs se disolverán en ácido sulfúrico o peróxido de nitrógenoy que el mismo no acontece con los componentes de los combustibles fósiles. El MDS fue originalmente desarrollado como un método de determinación del contenido biodegradable de los fertilizantes. Cuando elmismo fue utilizado con los CSRs, se asumió que la “biomasa” era equivalente a la “biodegradabilidad”, lo que no es totalmente correcto.
La suposición hecha por el MDS es verdadera en muchos casos, sino que surgen incertidumbrescuando los CSRs tienen componentes biodegradables que no son de biomasa, como el nylon, o cuando los materiales de biomasa presentes no son totalmente biodegradables, como la lana. El estándar EN 16640 reconoció que el MDS no puede ser utilizado con algunos materiales que, habitual y posiblemente, están presentes en los CSRs y sus limitaciones necesitan ser tomadas en cuenta.
Las especificaciones técnicas CEN/TS 15540:2006 ya indicaban que el análisis de C-14 era una alternativa para determinar el contenido de biomasa a través del porcentaje del contenido de carbono. En 2006, el método del C-14 para CSR se encontraba en las primeras fases de desarrollo, pero los méritos del método de C-14 ya estaban reconocidos por el CEN, y se desarrolló un informe técnico denominado CEN/TR 15591: Determinación del contenido de biomasa en CSR basada en el método de datación por radiocarbono. El estándar CEN 15591 fue aprobado en enero de 2007, y en 2008 este informe técnico se convirtió en las especificaciones técnicas. En 2011, la norma EN 16640 reemplazó las especificaciones técnicas.
Aviso: la norma EN 16640 cesó su aplicación en 2021 y fue reemplazada por EN ISO 21644.
## Ventajas del Método Basado en el Carbono-14 en comparación con el MDS
Es estándar CEN/TR 15591 reconoce que las limitaciones del método de disolución selectiva hacen que el mismo no sea lo más eficaz en la determinación del contenido de biomasa de los CSRs que contienen materiales con carbono fósil y de biomasa en el nivel molecular. Aunque los métodos de datación por radiocarbono son más caros y requieren personal capacitado, ellos son capaces de solucionar problemas analíticos que serían imposiblesde solucionar através de la selección manual y del MDS.
Las directrices técnicas conocidas como “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Technical Guidelines” y elaboradas por el Departamento Australiano de Cambios Climáticos en 2008 consideran la técnica de datación por radiocarbono como una mejor alternativa que el MDS. La datación por carbono puede ser aplicada a cualquier tipo de mezcla de combustible, incluyendo los combustibles gaseosos, líquidos y sólidos. Por esta técnica también es posible analizar los combustibles mezclados propiamente dichos o sus gases de combustión, y esto es especialmente útil para las instalaciones ubicadasdonde existen sistemas de monitoreo de emisiones en operación. En los lugares donde la recogida de los combustibles es difícil, el análisis del carbono-14 es mucho más ventajosoporque esta técnica no requiere una cantidad tan grande de muestra como el MDS.
## Contenido de Biomasa por el Poder Calorífico
Apesar de sus limitaciones, el MDS puede estimar el contenido de biomasa de los CSRs através del poder calorífico, mientras que los métodos de datación por carbono no pueden hacer lo mismo porque las partes de las muestras que no son de biomasa no son separadas durante el análisis del carbono-14. Los métodos de datación por carbono también no pueden determinar el contenido de biomasa de acuerdo con el peso.
El porcentaje de energía de biomasa encontrado en los combustibles mezclados, sin embargo, puede ser calculado a partir de los resultados del análisis del carbono-14. Detalles sobre el cálculo fueron incluidos en un informe solicitado por la organización “UK Renewable Energy Association”, en cooperación con la Universidad de Columbia.
## Beta Analytic No Hace Pruebas por MDS
Con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic es un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono con certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017. El laboratorio hace análisis a través de la técnica EN ISO 21644, la cual es una aplicación industrial de datación por radiocarbono, para los usuarios de los combustibles sólidos recuperados en Europa. La empresa no realiza pruebas a través del método de disolución selectiva.
---
### [Analisi al carbonio-14 e metodo di dissoluzione selettiva a confronto](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/mds-crediti-di-carbonio.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Il metodo di dissoluzione selettiva non è applicabile a molti campioni
- L’analisi al carbonio-14 non è in alcun modo limitata dalla biodegradabilità del campione, al contrario del MDS
- Beta Analytic effettua test [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html), e non tratta il MDS
La necessità di distinguere tra frazione biogenica e frazione fossile delle emissioni di anidride carbonica divenne evidente con la comparsa del mercato delle emissioni di CO2, non solo in Europa ma anche in Nord America e in altre parti del mondo. I governi e le industrie devono rispettare le normative che impongono un tetto alle emissioni annue di CO2 e di conseguenza hanno bisogno di conoscere la frazione biogenica dei combustibili che bruciano, anche al fine di usufruire degli incentivi. Questi sforzi mirano a mitigare i cambiamenti climatici globali riducendo le emissioni di gas serra in tutto il mondo.
Determinare la frazione biogenica dei combustibili era difficile per gli impianti industriali che usavano miscele o combustibili eterogenei come i combustibili solidi secondari (CSS) o i [combustibili derivati dai rifiuti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-rifiuti.html "Combustibili derivati dai rifiuti") (CDR). Diversi metodi furono sviluppati per fare fronte a questo problema. Uno dei primi metodi sviluppati per misurare la frazione biogenica delle miscele di combustibili fu il metodo di dissoluzione selettiva.
## Metodo di dissoluzione selettiva
Il metodo della dissoluzione selettiva presuppone che i componenti biogenici di un CSS si dissolvano nell’acido solforico o nel perossido di idrogeno, a differenza dei componenti fossili. Il MDS è stato inizialmente sviluppato per determinare il contenuto biodegradabile dei compost. Quando è stato applicato ai CSS, il concetto di “biomassa” era considerato equivalente a “biodegradabile”, ma si trattava di una definizione non completamente accurata.
L’ipotesi del MDS è valida in molti casi, ma il problema sorge nel momento in cui il CSS contiene componenti biodegradabili che non sono biomassa, come accade per il nylon, oppure quando è presente biomassa non completamente biodegradabile, come nel caso della lana. L’EN 16640 ha riconosciuto che il MDS non è applicabile ad alcuni materiali solitamente o eventualmente presenti nei CSS e che queste limitazioni non sono trascurabili.
Il EN 15540 sottolineava inoltre che l’analisi al carbonio-14 è un metodo alternativo per determinare il contenuto biogenico espresso come percentuale sul contenuto di carbonio. Nel 2006, il metodo del C14 applicato ai CSS era ai primi stadi di sviluppo. I meriti del C14 erano già stati riconosciuti dal CEN, così che venne sviluppato un report tecnico denominato CEN/TR 15591 – determinazione del contenuto di biomassa nei CSS attraverso la datazione al radiocarbonio. Il CEN 15591 è stato approvato a gennaio 2007, e il suo report tecnico è diventato la specifica tecnica nel 2008. Nel 2011, l’EN 16640 ha sostituito.
Nota: EN 16640 è stata ritirata nel 2021 e sostituita da EN ISO 21644.
## Vantaggi del metodo del carbonio-14 rispetto al MDS
Il CEN 15591 riconosce che i limiti del metodo della dissoluzione selettiva non fanno di esso il metodo più efficace per determinare il contenuto di biomassa dei CSS che includono materiali che, a livello molecolare, contengono carbonio fossile e carbonio derivato dalla biomassa. Sebbene i metodi basati sulla datazione al radiocarbonio siano più costosi e richiedano personale specializzato, sono in grado di risolvere quei problemi analitici che sussistono con la selezione manuale e il MDS.
Le National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Technical Guidelines rilasciate dal Dipartimento Australiano per i Cambiamenti Climatici nel 2008 affermano che la tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio è migliore del MDS. La datazione al carbonio può essere applicata a qualsiasi tipo di combustibile miscelato, inclusi i combustibili gassosi, liquidi e solidi. È possibile analizzare direttamente i combustibili misti oppure i gas di combustione, caratteristica che rende questo metodo particolarmente utile per gli impianti con sistema di monitoraggio delle emissioni. Nei casi in cui il campionamento del combustibile è difficile, l’analisi al carbonio-14 risulta ancora più vantaggiosa perché richiede una quantità di materiale inferiore rispetto al MDS.
## Il contenuto di biomassa in base al potere calorifico
Nonostante abbia dei limiti, il MDS è in grado di stimare il contenuto di biomassa dei CSS attraverso il potere calorifico, mentre la datazione al carbonio non è in grado di farlo perché la parte non biogenica dei campioni non viene separata durante l’analisi al carbonio-14. I metodi basati sulla datazione al carbonio non possono inoltre determinare il contenuto di biomassa attraverso il peso.
Tuttavia, la percentuale di energia fornita dalla biomassa presente nei combustibili miscelati può essere calcolata a partire dai risultati della datazione al carbonio-14. I dettagli del calcolo sono stati resi noti in un rapporto commissionato dalla Renewable Energy Association (UK) in collaborazione con la Columbia University.
## Beta Analytic non effettua analisi con il MDS
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 con sede a Miami, Florida. Effettua analisi con EN ISO 21644, un’applicazione industriale della datazione al radiocarbonio, per le aziende europee che utilizzano combustibili solidi secondari. Il laboratorio non effettua analisi con il metodo di dissoluzione selettiva.
---
### [Análise do Carbono-14 e Método de Dissolução Seletiva](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/creditos-carbono-sdm.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- O Método de Dissolução Seletiva não pode ser usado com muitas amostras
- A análise do carbono-14 não está limitada à biodegradabilidade da amostra, ao contrário do MDS
- A Beta Analytic presta serviços de análise utilizando o método [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html), ao invés do MDS
A necessidade de distinguir as frações biogênicas e de origem fóssil das emissões de dióxido de carbono tornou-se aparente no início da comercialização de emissões de CO2 não apenas na Europa, mas também na América do Norte e em outras partes do mundo. Os governos e as indústrias precisam cumprir os regulamentos voltados a limitar suas emissões anuais de CO2. Eles precisam saber a fração biogênica dos combustíveis que utilizam para cumprir os regulamentos e fazer uso de certos incentivos – estes são esforços voltados a mitigar as mudanças climáticas ao redor do mundo, diminuindo as emissões de gases de efeito estufa.
Determinar as frações biogênicas dos combustíveis era difícil para as indústrias que usavam combustíveis mistos/heterogêneos, tais como os combustíveis sólidos recuperados (CSRs) ou [combustíveis derivados de resíduos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html "a.k.a. combustíveis derivados de resíduos") (CDRs). Diferentes métodos foram desenvolvidos para resolver esta questão. Um dos primeiros métodos desenvolvidos para medir as frações biogênicas dos combustíveis mistos foi o método de dissolução seletiva.
## Método de Dissolução Seletiva
O método de dissolução seletiva supõe que os componentes dos combustíveis de biomassa encontrados nos CSRs se dissolverão em ácido sulfúrico ou peróxido de nitrogêneo e que o mesmo não acontece com os componentes dos combustíveis fósseis. O MDS foi originalmente desenvolvido como um método de determinação do conteúdo biodegradável dos adubos. Quando o mesmo foi utilizado com os CSRs, foi suposto que a “biomassa” era equivalente à “biodegradabidade”, o que não é totalmente correto.
A suposição feita no MDS é verdadeira em muitos casos, mas surgem incertezas quando os CSRs têm componentes biodegradáveis que não são de biomassa, tal como o náilon, ou quando os materiais de biomassa presentes não são totalmente biodegradáveis, tal como a lã. O padrão EN 16640 reconheceu que o MDS não pode ser utilizado com alguns materiais que, costumeira e possivelmente, estão presentes nos CSRs e suas limitações precisam ser consideradas.
A EN 15540 indicava que a análise do carbono-14 é um método alternativo para a determinação do teor de biomassa expresso no percentagem do teor de carbono. Em 2006 o método do C14 para CSR estava em seus estágios iniciais de desenvolvimento, mas os méritos desse método já tinham sido reconhecidos pelo CEN e levaram ao desenvolvimento de um relatório técnico chamado CEN/TR 15591: determinação do teor de biomassa em CSR com base no método de datação por radiocarbono. O CEN 15591 foi aprovado em janeiro de 2007, e este relatório técnico tornou-se finalmente uma especificação técnica. Em 2011 foi substituída pela norma EN 16640.
Observação: A norma EN 16640 foi suspensa em 2021 e substituída pela norma EN ISO 21644.
## Vantagens do Método Baseado no Carbono-14 em comparação com o MDS
O padrão CEN/TR 15591 reconhece que as limitações do método de dissolução seletiva fazem com que o mesmo não seja o mais eficaz na determinação do conteúdo de biomassa dos CSRs que contêm materiais com carbono fóssil e de biomassa no nível molecular. Apesar dos métodos de datação por radiocarbono serem mais caros e requererem pessoal treinado, eles são capazes de resolver problemas analíticos que teriam sido impossíveis de resolver através da seleção manual e do MDS como métodos.
As diretrizes técnicas conhecidas como “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Measurement) Technical Guidelines” e emitidas pelo Departamento Australiano de Mudanças Climáticas em 2008 consideram a técnica de datação por radiocarbono como sendo uma alternativa melhor do que o MDS. A datação por carbono pode ser aplicada a qualquer tipo de mistura de combustível, incluindo combustíveis gasosos, líquidos e sólidos. Ela também pode analisar os combustíveis misturados propriamente ditos ou seus gases de combustão, o que é especialmente útil para as instalações localizadas onde existem sistemas de monitoramento de emissões em funcionamento. Onde a coleta dos combustíveis é difícil, a análise do carbono-14 é bem mais vantajosa porque ela não requer uma quantidade tão grande de amostra como o MDS.
## Conteúdo de Biomassapelo Poder Calorífico
Apesar das suas limitações, o MDS pode estimar o conteúdo de biomassa dos CSRs através do poder calorífico, enquanto que os métodos de datação por carbono não podem fazer o mesmo porque as partes das amostras que não são de biomassa não são separadas durante a análise do carbono-14. Os métodos de datação por carbono também não podem determinar o conteúdo de biomassa de acordo com o peso.
A porcentagem de energia de biomassa encontrada nos combustíveis mistos, no entanto, pode ser calculada a partir dos resultados da análise do carbono-14. Detalhes sobre o cálculo foram incluídos em um relatório encomendado pela organização “UK Renewable Energy Association”, em cooperação com a Universidade de Columbia.
## A Beta Analytic Não Faz Testes Pelo MDS
Sediada em Miami, na Flórida, a Beta Analytic é um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono com certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017. O laboratório faz análises pela técnica EN ISO 21644, a qual é uma aplicação industrial de datação por radiocarbono, para os usuários dos combustíveis sólidos recuperados na Europa. A empresa não realiza testes pelo método de dissolução seletiva.
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s Programa de rotulagem OK biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** October 9, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- O selo OK biobased utiliza um sistema de estrelas para indicar o teor de base biológica de um produto certificado – quanto mais estrelas, maior o teor de carbono de base biológica.
- Esse programa de rotulagem se aplica a materiais brutos e de base, intermediários e acabados que contenham pelo menos 30% de carbono total e teor de 20% de carbono de base biológica.
- A certificação OK biobased não poderá ser usada para declarar compostabilidade ou biodegradabilidade.
---
## A certificação OK biobased
Um produto de base biológica com uma estrela contém 20% a 40% carbono de base biológica, enquanto um produto certificado com quatro estrelas contém mais de 80% carbono de base biológica.
Crédito da imagem: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Para iniciar a candidatura, é necessário preencher um formulário na página do TÜV AUSTRIA.
**Informações rápidas:**
| Qualificação do produto | - Aplicável a materiais brutos e de base, intermediários, aditivos, e produtos acabados que sejam parcial ou totalmente feitos de materiais e/ou polímeros de progem natural - Não aplicável a combustíveis sólidos, gasosos ou líquidos |
|---|---|
| Requerimentos básicos | - Cada produto deverá cumprir com estes dois requerimentos: - Conter um mínimo de 20% de carbono de base biológica, medido segundo as norma [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html) - Conter um mínimo de 30% carbono total (peso seco), medido segundo o documento TS-OK20 do TÜV AUSTRIA |
| Número necessário de medições | - 3 medições por parâmetro (teor de carbono de base biológica e carbono total) |
| Validade da certificação | - 5 anos |
Fonte: [OK biobased Certification Scheme](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/)
---
**OBSERVAÇÃO:** O SGS Beta não é afiliado ao TÜV AUSTRIA ou ao Programa OK biobased. As partes interessadas são convidadas a contatar o Beta Analytic para obter informações sobre o envio de amostras para a análise como parte da certificação OK biobased.
---
## Análises de teor de carbono de base biológica com o SGS Beta
O SGS Beta é [acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) e apoia a indústria de carbono de base biológica ao oferecer análises precisas conforme as normas EN 16640. A empresa é sediada em Miami e tem escritórios de encaminhamento de amostras em Xiamen, China; Irlanda; Londres, Reino Unido; e Nagoya, Japão.
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s OK Biobased Prüfsiegel](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** October 4, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Das OK Biobased Prüfsiegel für biobasierte Produkte verwendet ein Sternesystem, um den biobasierten Anteil eines zertifizierten Produkts anzuzeigen. Je mehr Sterne, desto höher der biobasierte Anteil.
- Dieses Prüfsiegel gilt für Grund- / Rohstoffe, Zwischenprodukte und Fertigprodukte mit mindestens 30% Kohlenstoffanteil und 20% biobasiertem Kohlenstoffgehalt.
- Mit der OK Biobased Zertifizierung können keine Angaben zur Kompostierbarkeit und der biologischen Abbaubarkeit gemacht werden.
---
## **OK Biobased Zertifizierung**
Ein biobasiertes Produkt mit einem Stern weist einen biobasierten Anteil zwischen 20% und 40% auf, während ein mit vier Sternen zertifiziertes Produkt einen biobasierten Anteil von mehr als 80% aufweist.
Bildquelle: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Um den Antrag zu starten, reichen Sie ein ausgefülltes Formular auf der TÜV AUSTRIA Webseite ein.
**Kurzinformation:**
| Produkt Qualifikation | - Anwendbar für Roh- / Grundstoffe, Zwischenprodukte, Additive und fertige Produkte, die teilweise oder vollständig aus natürlichen Materialien und/oder Polymeren hergestellt wurden. - Gilt nicht für feste, gasförmige oder flüssige Brennstoffe |
|---|---|
| Grundlegende Anforderungen | Jedes Produkt muss folgende Anforderungen erfüllen: - Mindestens 20% biobasierter Kohlenstoffgehalt, gemessen gemäß Norm [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html) die ASTM D6866 Norm für OK Biobased) - Mindestens 30% Kohlenstoffanteil (Trockengewicht), gemessen gemäß dem TÜV AUSTRIA Dokument TS-OK20 |
| Anzahl der erforderlichen Messungen | 3 Messungen pro Parameter (biobasierter Kohlenstoffgehalt, gesamter Kohlenstoff ) |
| Gültigkeit der Zertifizierung | 5 Jahre |
Quelle: [OK biobased Certification Scheme](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/)
---
**NOTE:** SGS Beta Analytic ist nicht Teil von TÜV AUSTRIA oder dem OK Biobased Programm. Interessenten können sich gerne an Beta Analytic wenden, um zu erfahren, wie Proben für die Prüfung im Rahmen der OK Biobased Zertifizierung eingereicht werden können.
---
## Prüfung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteils bei SGS Beta
SGS Beta ist [ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 akkreditiert](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) und unterstützt die biobasierte Industrie durch die Bereitstellung genauer EN 16640-Analysen. Beta Analytic mit Sitz in Miami, Florida, verfügt außerdem über Postbüros zum Versenden von Proben in Xiamen, China; Irland; London, Vereinigtes Königreich; und Nagoya, Japan.
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s Programme OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** October 4, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Le label OK biobased utilise un système d’étoiles pour indiquer le contenu biosourcé d’un produit certifié : plus le nombre d’étoiles est élevé, plus le contenu biosourcé est élevé.
- Ce programme d’étiquetage s’applique aux matières premières, aux produits intermédiaires et aux produits finis contenant au moins 30% de carbone total et 20% de carbone biosourcé.
- La certification OK biobased ne peut pas être utilisée pour prétendre à des critères de compostabilité et biodégradabilité.
---
## Certification OK biobased
Un produit biosourcé à une étoile a un contenu biosourcé compris entre 20% et 40%, tandis qu’un produit certifié quatre étoiles a un contenu biosourcé supérieur à 80%.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Pour commencer le processus, remplissez le formulaire sur le site de TÜV AUSTRIA.
**Quelques faits:**
| Eligibilité du produit | - Applicable aux matières premières, produits intermédiaires, aux additifs et aux produits finis partiellement ou totalement issus de matériaux et/ou polymères d’origine naturelle - Non applicable aux combustibles solides, gazeux ou liquides |
|---|---|
| Exigences de base | Chaque produit doit répondre à ces deux exigences: - Teneur en carbone biosourcé d’au moins 20%, mesurée conformément aux norm [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html) which determines biobased carbon content using the radiocarbon method. - Teneur en carbone total d’au moins 30% (poids sec), mesurée conformément au document TÜV AUSTRIA TS-OK20 |
| Nombre de mesures requises | 3 mesures par paramètre (teneur en carbone biosourcé, carbone total) |
| Validité de la certification | 5 ans |
Source: [OK biobased Certification Scheme](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/)
---
**REMARQUE:** SGS Beta n’est pas affilié à TÜV AUSTRIA ou au programme OK biobased. Les parties intéressées sont invitées à contacter Beta Analytic pour connaître la procédure d’envoi pour les échantillons à analyser dans le cadre de la certification OK biobased.
---
## Analyse du contenu en carbone biosourcé par SGS Beta
SGS Beta, laboratoire [accrédité ISO / IEC 17025: 2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), soutient l’industrie biosourcée en fournissant les analyses ASTM D6866 et EN 16640. Basé à Miami, en Floride, Beta possède également des bureaux de réception des échantillons à Xiamen, en Chine ; Irlande ; Londres, Royaume-Uni; et Nagoya, Japon.
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s Programma di etichettatura OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** October 8, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- L’etichetta OK Biobased utilizza un sistema a stelle per indicare il contenuto biobased di un prodotto certificato: più stelle riporta l’etichetta, maggiore è il contenuto biobased.
- Questo programma di etichettatura si applica alle materie prime, agli intermedi e ai prodotti finiti che composti almeno al 30% da carbonio e che contengono il 20% di carbonio biobased.
- La certificazione OK Biobased non può essere utilizzata per dichiarare il prodotto compostabile o biodegradabile.
---
## Certificazione OK Biobased
Un prodotto biobased contrassegnato con una stella contiene tra il 20% e il 40% di carbonio rinnovabile, mentre un prodotto certificato a quattro stelle ne contiene più dell’80%.
Diritti immagine: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Per avviare la procedura, compilare il modulo disponibile sul sito web di TÜV AUSTRIA.
**Informazioni utili:**
| Idoneità del prodotto | - Applicabile a materie prime/grezze, intermedi, additivi e prodotti finiti parzialmente o completamente realizzati con materiali e/o polimeri di origine naturale - Non applicabile ai combustibili solidi, gassosi o liquidi |
|---|---|
| Requisiti fondamentali | Ogni prodotto deve soddisfare questi due requisiti: - Almeno il 20% di contenuto di carbonio biobased misurato attraverso [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html) - Almeno il 30% di carbonio totale (peso secco) misurato secondo le indicazioni del documento TS-OK20 di TÜV AUSTRIA |
| Numero di analisi richieste | 3 misurazioni per ogni parametro (contenuto di carbonio biobased, carbonio totale) |
| Validità della certificazione | 5 anni |
Fonte: [OK Biobased](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/)
---
**NOTA:** SGS Beta non è affiliata con TÜV AUSTRIA né con il programma OK Biobased. Gli interessati sono invitati a contattare Beta Analytic per ricevere istruzioni sull’invio dei campioni per l’analisi richiesta dalla certificazione OK Biobased.
---
## Analisi del contenuto di carbonio biobased di SGS Beta
Il laboratorio SGS Beta, [accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), supporta l’industria dei materiali biobased offrendo analisi accurate conformi alle norme ASTM D6866 e EN 16640. L’azienda, con sede principale a Miami, Florida, ha uffici di spedizione a Xiamen, Cina; Irlanda; Londra, Regno Unito; e Nagoya, Giappone.
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s Programa de Etiquetado OK biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** October 9, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- La etiqueta OK biobased utiliza un sistema de estrellas para indicar el contenido de base biológica de un producto certificado. Un mayor número de estrellas indica un mayor contenido de base biológica.
- Este programa de etiquetado es aplicable a materias primas/básicas, productos semiterminados y productos terminados con al menos 30% de carbono total y 20% de contenido de carbono de base biológica.
- La certificación OK biobased no puede usarse para hacer aseveraciones sobre la compostabilidad y biodegradabilidad del producto.
---
## Certificación OK biobased
Un producto de base biológica con una estrella tiene un contenido de base biológica de entre 20% y 40%, mientras que un producto certificado con cuatro estrellas tiene un contenido de base biológica mayor al 80%.
Crédito de la imagen: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
Para iniciar la solicitud, complete el formulario de solicitud disponible en el sitio web de TÜV AUSTRIA.
**Información esencial:**
| Elegibilidad del Producto | - Aplicable a materias primas/básicas, productos semiterminados, aditivos y productos completa o parcialmente elaborados a partir de materiales y/o polímeros de origen natural - No aplicable a combustibles sólidos, gaseosos o líquidos |
|---|---|
| Requisitos Básicos | Todo producto debe cumplir dos requisitos: - Al menos 20% de contenido de carbono de base biológica medido conforme a las norma [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html) - Al menos 30% de contenido de carbono total (peso en seco) medido conforme al documento TS-OK20 de TÜV AUSTRIA |
| Número de mediciones requeridas | 3 mediciones por parámetro (contenido de carbono de base biológica, carbono total) |
| Validez de la certificación | 5 años |
Fuente: [OK biobased TS](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/)
---
**NOTA:** SGS Beta no está afiliada a TÜV AUSTRIA o al programa OK biobased. Las empresas interesadas pueden contactar a SGS Beta para saber cómo proceder para el envío de muestras que desean certificar dentro del programa OK biobased.
---
## Análisis de contenido de carbono de base biológica en SGS Beta
El laboratorio SGS Beta, acreditado por [la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), apoya a la industria de materiales de base biológica ofreciendo análisis precisos conforme a las norma EN 16640. Con sede en Miami, Florida, la empresa también cuenta con oficinas de reenvío en Xiamen, China; Irlanda; Londres, GB; y Nagoya, Japón.
---
### [Perguntas frequentes: Análises por Carbono-14 de produtos naturais x sintéticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/faq.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
#### **Qual é a diferença entre a análise por Carbono-14 e outros métodos para detectar adulterações?**
Apenas a análise por Carbono-14 pode verificar se a adulteração deve-se a fontes fósseis (sintéticas). Os outros métodos analíticos apenas podem detectar adulterantes de fontes naturais. Para fazer a distinção entre diferentes adulterantes naturais, são necessárias outras análises químicas, por exemplo, a de isótopos estáveis.
Tópicos relacionados:
[Métodos comuns de análises de autenticidade – a análise por Carbono-14 é necessária?](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
[Três tipos de adulteração de suplementos dietéticos e como detectá-los](https://www.betalabservices.com/dietary-supplements-adulteration/)
---
#### **Quais são os tamanhos recomendados de amostras?**
Para líquidos, envie entre 0,2 e 1 fl oz (6 a 30 mL). Para sólidos, envie entre 2.8 e 25 g. Observação: Apenas podemos receber volumes muito pequenos de químicos e solventes, que não excedam 0,3 mL (300 microlitros).
---
#### **Qual é o recipiente adequado para o envio de amostras?**
Aceitamos recipientes encontrados em varejo. Para subamostras líquidas, recomendamos micro frascos de vidro de 1 mL, com tampa crimpada com septo revestido em Teflon. Para mais detalhes sobre recipientes para subamostras e outros materiais de embalagem, por favor consulte nossas [recomendações de envio](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/amostras.html).
---
#### **Quantas amostras preciso enviar?**
O Beta Analytic não exige um número mínimo de amostras. Fornecemos um relatório com número certificado exclusivo para cada amostra.
Para fins de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, uma análise poderá ser suficiente. Se você for enviar amostras para conformidade a certificações ou regulamentações, por favor consulte a agência dirigente sobre a quantidade exigida de amostras para análise antes de enviá-las.
---
#### **Para onde devo enviar as amostras?**
As análises são realizadas em nosso laboratório acreditado pelo ISO 17025 em Miami, mas você pode enviar amostras para um de nossos escritórios de encaminhamento desde que elas NÃO sejam designadas como perigosas pela Associação Internacional de Transporte Aéreo ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)).
Se você estiver na Europa, por favor envie as amostras para o nosso escritório em Germany. Para amostras enviadas da China, por favor despache-as para o escritório em Xiamen. Amostras saídas do Japão deverão ser enviadas para o nosso agente em Nagoia. Temos também escritórios de encaminhamento no Reino Unido, e na Coréia do Sul. Por favor visite [esta página](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html) e escolha sua localidade na coluna à esquerda para visualizar o endereço e declarações alfandegárias, quando necessárias. As amostras são encaminhadas para Miami sem custo para o cliente.
Ao enviar óleos essenciais ou outros compostos voláteis, por favor despache-as diretamente para Miami, segundo as diretrizes de “[Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities”](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) :
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Utilize a declaração alfandegária abaixo para evitar atrasos no envio:
Declaração alfandegária recomendada – “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado – 1 USD
Código harmonizado (código HS) – 280300
---
#### **Os resultados da análise de fontes naturais identificam os ingredientes do produto?**
Não. Os resultados mostram apenas a porcentagem de ingredientes provindos de biomassa (por exemplo, plantas e animais) em relação a componentes de fontes fósseis (por exemplo, derivados de petróleo). Os resultados da análise por Carbono-14 não oferecem nenhuma informação sobre a formulação do produto ou ingredientes distintos.
*Última atualização: setembro de 202*2
---
### [Perguntas frequentes sobre a análise de teor biobaseado](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-perguntas-frequentes.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Qual é a diferença entre a análise de biodegradabilidade e a de teor biobaseado?
- Qual programa de certificação devo escolher? Qual norma devo selecionar?
- Quais são as diferenças entre cada norma analítica?
- O CaCO₃ é considerado biobaseado?
- Os resultados das análises de teor biobaseado indicam os materiais contidos na amostra?
- Qual é a diferença entre o teor de carbono biobaseado reportado como fração de carbono orgânico total (TOC) e de carbono total (TC)?
- Por que o fator de correção ASTM D6866 muda ao longo do tempo?
## Perguntas frequentes sobre os serviços de análise de teor biobaseado do Beta
- Quais são os tamanhos recomendados de amostras?
- São exigidos recipientes específicos para o envio das amostras?
- Para onde devo enviar as amostras? Onde a análise é realizada?
- Quantas amostras preciso enviar para obter um relatório?
- O Beta oferece selos ecológicos?
- Seu laboratório analisou nossos produtos no passado segundo uma versão mais antiga da norma analítica (ex.: ASTM D6866-12). É possível ajustar o teor biobaseado certificado para concordar com o novo fator de correção?
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#### 1. **Qual é a diferença entre a análise de biodegradabilidade e a de teor biobaseado?**
Esses ensaios seguem diferentes normas analíticas, e também refletem diferentes aspectos de um produto. A análise de teor biobaseado mostra a porcentagem de carbono derivado de biomassa em comparação ao carbono de fontes fósseis do material. Os resultados não têm nenhuma implicação sobre a biodegradabilidade do material.
Existem resinas plásticas sintéticas que biodegradam, enquanto existem materiais biobaseados que não biodegradam (ex.: bioplásticos utilizados em peças automotivas). O material é biodegradável apenas se os micróbios no ambiente puderem decompô-lo e dele alimentarem-se.
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#### 2. **Qual programa de certificação devo escolher? Qual norma devo selecionar?**
Existem [variados programas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/rotulos-ecologicos-astm-d6866.html) a escolher, mas nem todos podem se aplicar ao seu produto. É necessário levar em consideração quais são as certificações específicas que os seus clientes exigem. A norma analítica depende do programa pelo qual você opta. Por exemplo, a maioria dos programas na Europa recomendam uma norma CEN. O [programa voluntário de rotulagem BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html), do USDA, emprega apenas a norma ASTM D6866, neste momento.
---
#### 3. **Quais são as diferenças entre cada norma analítica?**
Diferentes normas analíticas se aplicam a diferentes tipos de produtos. Por exemplo, a norma [EN 16766](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html#EN16766) é aplicada apenas a solventes biobaseados, enquanto a [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) aplica-se a praticamente todos os produtos, inclusive gases. As normas também têm pequenas diferenças nos cálculos do percentual biobaseado. Algumas normas exigem que os resultados reportem a fração de carbono orgânico total (TOC) do material, enquanto outras exigem a fração de carbono total (TC).
Para mais detalhes sobre outras normas, por favor consulte as [Normas de análises de carbono de base biológica com o método carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/normas-de-analises.html)[.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html)
---
#### 4. **O CaCO₃ é considerado biobaseado?**
Não. Os carbonatos contêm carbono inorgânico. Nas análises de teor biobaseado, apenas o componente de carbono orgânico, ou derivado de biomassa, é levado em consideração. Mais informações estão disponíveis no nosso artigo — [Entendendo a medição de conteúdo de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biomassa.html)[.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)
---
#### 5. **Os resultados das análises de teor biobaseado indicam os materiais contidos na amostra?**
Não. Os resultados mostram apenas o percentual de componentes oriundos de biomassa (carbono biobaseado) em relação àqueles derivados de fontes fósseis. A análise de teor biobaseado não identifica os materiais utilizados na formulação do produto.
---
#### 6. **Qual é a diferença entre o teor de carbono biobaseado reportado como fração de carbono orgânico total (TOC) e de carbono total (TC)?**
Algumas normas apenas reportam o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração de carbono orgânico total (TOC), enquanto outras consideram o carbono total (TC), que reporta tanto o teor de carbono orgânico quanto inorgânico. Essa diferença vale para produtos que contêm uma porção significativa de carbono inorgânico (ex.: carbonatos). Em produtos com alto teor de carbonatos, o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração de TOC é geralmente mais alto do que como fração de TC.
A escolha do formato de relatório, ou norma analítica, deverá ser baseada em fatores como a terminologia adequada, localização geográfica do mercado alvo, e certificação ou programa do selo ecológico do qual se participa.
Se você escolher a norma estadunidense ASTM D6866 e o seu produto contiver carbonatos, os carbonatos serão removidos da amostra antes da análise, para que os resultados representem o percentual de carbono biobaseado como fração de carbono orgânico total.
Se você escolher uma norma europeia (ex.: [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html)), os carbonatos serão incluídos na medição e os resultados são expressos como fração de carbono total.
Por outro lado, a norma [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html) pode apresentar o teor de carbono biobaseado tanto como fração de TC quanto de TOC. Fica a critério do requerente decidir se deseja que os carbonatos sejam removidos antes da análise, ou incluídos na medição.
Aviso legal: Este vídeo está hospedado em um site de terceiros e poderá conter publicidade.
---
#### 7. **Por que o fator de correção ASTM D6866 muda ao longo do tempo?**
A ASTM ajusta o fator de correção periodicamente para tornar o padrão D6866 mais preciso em relação às medições atuais de carbono atmosférico global.
---
### Perguntas frequentes sobre os serviços de análise de teor biobaseado do Beta
---
#### 8. **Quais são os tamanhos recomendados de amostras?**
Recomendamos entre 0,5cc e 30cc para amostras líquidas, e 2,8 g a 25 g para amostras sólidas. Observação: Apenas podemos receber químicos e solventes em quantidades muito pequenas, que não excedam 0,3 cc (300 microlitros). Para mais detalhes, por favor consulte nossas [recomendações de submissão](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)[.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
---
#### 9. **São exigidos recipientes específicos para o envio das amostras?**
Não exigimos recipientes específicos para as amostras. Os sólidos podem ser colocados dentro de qualquer tipo de recipiente; os pós deverão ser enviados em recipientes bem fechados, especialmente quando mais de uma amostra é enviada. Os líquidos deverão ser enviados em recipientes que possam ser fechados hermeticamente. Você poderá utilizar frascos com tampa de pressão, ou os frascos disponíveis neste [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "vials with snap caps").
---
#### 10. **Para onde devo enviar as amostras? Onde a análise é realizada?**
Temos escritórios de encaminhamento de amostras ao redor do mundo, mas todas as análises são realizadas na sede em Miami, Estados Unidos. Se você estiver na Europa, por favor envie as amostras para o nosso escritório em Germany. Para amostras enviadas da China, por favor despache-as para o escritório em Xiamen. Amostras saídas do Japão deverão ser enviadas para o nosso agente em Nagoia.
Temos também escritórios de encaminhamento no Reino Unido, e na Coréia do Sul. Por favor visite [esta página](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html) e escolha sua localidade na coluna à esquerda para visualizar o endereço e declarações alfandegárias, quando necessárias.
Observação: As amostras deverão ser enviadas diretamente para os Estados Unidos caso sejam designadas como perigosas pela Associação Internacional de Transporte Aéreo [(IATA – International Air Transport Association)](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/).
É muito importante que você nos avise antes de enviar amostras perigosas, para que possamos lhe fornecer as instruções corretas e endereço para envio.
---
#### 11. **Quantas amostras preciso enviar para obter um relatório?**
O Beta Analytic fornece um relatório com número certificado exclusivo para cada amostra.
Não exigimos um número mínimo de amostras. Se a amostra for para fins de P&D ou desenvolvimento de produto, uma amostra basta, normalmente. Se o objetivo da análise é obter uma certificação ou participar de um programa de selo ecológico, ou [créditos fiscais](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)[,](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/) por favor consulte as agências de governança ou organizações sobre o número de amostras que exigem para análise.
---
#### 12. **O Beta oferece selos ecológicos?**
O Beta Analytic é um laboratório de análises de teor biobaseado, e não uma organização certificadora. Fornecemos as análises de teor biobaseado exigidas por agências certificadoras ou programas de selos ecológicos. Não temos o nosso próprio selo.
---
#### 13. **Seu laboratório analisou nossos produtos no passado segundo uma versão mais antiga da norma analítica (ex.: ASTM D6866-12). É possível ajustar o teor biobaseado certificado para concordar com o novo fator de correção?**
Não. Agências certificadoras e programas de selos ecológicos poderão solicitar novas análises do produto com a versão mais atual da norma analítica que recomendam. Por favor contate a organização certificadora ou programa de selo ecológico antes de enviar amostras para o Beta Analytic, para verificar se novas análises se fazem necessárias.
---
*Última atualização: setembro de 202*2
---
### [EN 16640 - Technische Spezifikation für biobasierte Produkte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Das Europäische Komitee für Normen (CEN) Technisches Komitee CEN/TC 411 publiziert EN 16640:2017, Biobasierte Produkte – Gehalt an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff – Bestimmung des Gehalts an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff mittels Radiokarbonmethode. CEN hat bereits zuvor Technische Spezifikationen veröffentlicht, die ebenfalls auf der Radiokarbon-Methode basieren, um den Radiokarbon-Anteil von biobasierten Materialien zu bestimmen.
Im Rahmen von EN 16640 werden drei Test-Methoden für die Messung des Radiokarbongehalts festgelegt: Flüssigszintillationszählung (Engl. Liquid Scintillation Counting – LSC), Beta-Ionisation (BI) und Beschleunigermassenspektrometrie (Engl. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry – AMS). Gemäß EN 16640 wird der biobasierte Carbonanteil eines Materials wie folgt ausgedrückt: Fraktion der Probenmasse oder als Fraktion des gesamten Kohlenstoffgehalts. Diese Berechnungsmethode ist auf alle Produkte anwendbar, die organischen Kohlenstoff enthalten, einschließlich Bioverbundstoffe. **Beta bietet den biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt als Anteil des gesamten Kohlenstoffgehalts an.**
EN 16640:2017 ersetzt die 2014 entwickelte Technische Spezifikation CEN/TS 16640. Die Norm wurde im Dezember 2016 angenommen und steht seit Februar 2017 zur Verfügung. CEN veröffentlichte den europäischen Standard EN 16640 im August 2017.
[Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
## Technische Spezifikationen für biobasierte Produkte
CEN/TS 16640 ähnelt den zuvor veröffentlichten Spezifikationen CEN/TS 16137 und CEN/TS 16295, welche von einem technischen Komitee publiziert wurde, das sich auf Kunststoffe konzentrierte. Alle drei technischen Spezifikationen basieren auf der Radiokarbon-Analyse. CEN/TS 16640 ist auf alle biobasierten Produkte anwendbar, während die anderen beiden Normen ausschließlich auf Polymere und Kunststoffe anwendbar sind.
Das Technische Komitee CEN/TC 411 arbeitet derzeit an weiteren Spezifikationen und Berichten. Im Juli 2017 ratifizierte das Komitee EN 16766:2017: Biobasierte Lösemittel – Anforderungen und Prüfmethoden, dies löst CEN/TS 16766:2015 ab. Diese Norm legt Anforderungen an biobasierte Lösemittel hinsichtlich des biobasierten Gehalts, der technischen Eigenschaften und Prüfverfahren fest.
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[Ist Ihr Produkt biobasiert? Beweisen Sie es!](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend.html)
---
### Untersuchung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts durch Beta Analytic
Das ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditierte Beta Analytic Labor misst den biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt eines Materials mittels Beschleunigermassenspektrometrie (AMS). Im Vergleich zu den anderen beiden Methoden, die in EN 16640 angegeben sind, bietet die AMS-Analyse genauere Ergebnisse bei einer Standardabweichung von nur 0,1 %.
Das Beta Analytic Labor befindet sich in Miami, Florida, europäischen Kunden stehen unsere Versandeinrichtungen in London, UK zur Verfügung.
Beta Analytic unterstützt die europäische biobasierte Industrie durch die Bereitstellung von hochqualitativen Untersuchungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juni 2024*
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### [Norma analítica EN 16640 para productos de origen biológico](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 20, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El Comité Técnico CEN/TC 411 del Comité Europeo de Normalización (CEN) ha publicado la norma EN 16640:2017: Productos de origen biológico – Contenido en carbono de origen biológico – Determinación del contenido de carbono de origen biológico utilizando el método de radiocarbón. CEN ya había publicado otras especificaciones técnicas basadas en el contenido de radiocarbono de materiales de origen biológico.
Existen tres métodos de análisis especificados en la EN 16640 para medir el contenido de radiocarbono: el recuento por centelleo de líquidos (LSC en inglés), la ionización beta (BI en inglés), y la espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS en inglés). En la norma EN 16640 el contenido de carbono de base biológica de un material se expresa como fracción de la masa de la muestra o como fracción del contenido de carbono total. Este método de cálculo es aplicable a cualquier producto que contenga carbono orgánico, incluyendo biocompuestos. **En Beta, medimos el contenido de carbono de origen biológico como una fracción del contenido total de carbono.**
La norma EN 16640:2017 reemplaza la especificación técnica CEN/TS 16640 desarrollada en 2014. La norma fue ratificada en diciembre de 2016 y puesta a disposición del público en febrero de 2017. El CEN publicó la Norma Europea EN 16640 en agosto de 2017.
[Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
## Especificaciones técnicas para productos de origen biológico
La CEN/TS 16640 es similar a las especificaciones técnicas CEN/TS 16137 y CEN/TS 16295, previamente publicadas por un comité técnico dedicado a los plásticos. Estas tres especificaciones técnicas se basan en análisis de radiocarbono. La CEN/TS 16640 es aplicable a todos los productos de origen biológico, mientras que las otras dos sólo son aplicables a plásticos y polímeros.
El Comité Técnico CEN/TC 411 trabaja actualmente en otras especificaciones e informes. En julio de 2017, el comité ratificó la norma EN 16766:2017: Disolventes de base biológica – Requisitos y métodos de prueba, la cual reemplaza a la norma CEN/TS 16766:2015. Esta norma establece los requisitos que deben reunir los disolventes de base biológica en cuanto a su contenido de base biológica, sus propiedades técnicas y los métodos de prueba.
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[¿Su producto es de base biológica? ¡Compruébelo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica.html)
---
### Beta Analytic proporciona análisis del contenido de origen biológico
El laboratorio certificado con la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, Beta Analytic, mide el contenido de carbono de base biológica de un material mediante AMS. Comparado con los otros dos métodos especificados en la EN 16640, el análisis por AMS es más preciso y cuenta con una desviación estándar de apenas 0,1%.
Con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic recibe muestras de Europa a través sus oficinas de envío en Londres, Reino Unido.
Beta Analytic apoya la industria europea de carbono de base biológica proporcionando mediciones del contenido de este tipo de carbono de alta calidad.
*Última actualización de la página: Junio de 2024*
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### [La norme EN 16640 pour les produits biosourcés](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Le comité technique (Technical Committee) CEN/TC 411 du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN) a publié la norme EN 16640:2017: Produits biosourcés – Teneur en carbone biosourcé – Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé par la méthode au radiocarbone. Le CEN a précédemment publié des spécifications techniques qui reposent également sur le contenu radiocarbone des matériaux biosourcés.
Il existe trois méthodes de test spécifiées dans EN 16640 qui permettent de mesurer le contenu radiocarbone – le comptage par scintillation liquide (Liquid Scintillation Counting – LSC), la Beta Ionisation (BI) et la Spectrométrie de Masse Accélérée (Accelerated Mass Spectrometry – AMS). Selon la norme EN 16640, le contenu en carbone biosourcé d’un matériau s’exprime en fraction de la masse de l’échantillon, ou comme fraction du contenu en carbone total. Cette méthode de calcul s’applique à tous les produits qui contiennent du carbone organique, y compris les biocomposites. **Chez Beta, nous proposons la teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total.**
La norme EN 16640:2017 annule et remplace la spécification technique CEN/TS 16640 développée en 2014. La norme a été ratifiée en décembre 2016 et a été rendue disponible en février 2017. Le CEN a publié la norme européenne EN 16640 en août 2017.
[Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
## Spécifications techniques pour produits biosourcés
La spécification technique CEN/TS 16640 est semblable aux spécifications CEN/TS 16137 et CEN/TS 16295 précédemment publiées par un comité technique axé sur les plastiques. Ces trois spécifications techniques reposent sur les analyses au radiocarbone. La spécification CEN/TS 16640 s’applique à tous les produits biosourcés alors que les deux autres s’appliquent uniquement aux plastiques et polymères.
Le comité technique CEN/TC 411 travaille actuellement sur d’autres spécifications et rapports. En juin 2017, le comité a ratifié EN 16766:2017:Solvants biosourcés – Exigences et méthodes de test qui annule et remplace la CEN/TS 16766:2015. Cette norme définit les exigences en termes de solvants biosourcés, relativement à leur contenu en biomasse, leur propriétés techniques et les méthodes de test.
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[Votre produit est biosourcé? Prouvez-le!](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources.html)
---
### Beta Analytic fournit des tests de contenu biosourcé
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 mesure le contenu en carbone biosourcé d’un produit par l’AMS. Par rapport aux deux autres méthodes indiquées dans la spécification EN 16640, l’analyse par AMS est plus précise avec un écart type de 0,1% seulement.
Situé à Miami en Floride, Beta Analytic accepte des échantillons de toute l’Europe via ses bureaux d’expédition situés à Londres au Royaume-Uni.
Beta Analytic soutient l’industrie biosourcée en Europe en fournissant des mesures de qualité du contenu en carbone biosourcé.
## Utilisation de la norme CEN/TS 16640 suite au décret 2016-379
Suite à la parution du décret 2016-379 selon lequel les sacs plastiques à usage unique doivent présenter une teneur biosourcée minimale de 30% à partir du 1er janvier 2017, le ministère français de l’Ecologie, du Développement durable et de l’Energie a précisé que la norme à utiliser pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée des sacs plastiques serait la norme CEN/TS 16640 (ou ISO 16620-2).
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: juin 2024*
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### [La norma EN 16640 per i prodotti biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il Comitato Tecnico CEN/TC 411 del Comitato Europeo di Normazione (CEN) ha pubblicato la norma *EN 16640:2017: Prodotti a base biologica – Contenuto di carbonio di origine biologica – Determinazione del contenuto di carbonio di origine biologica usando un metodo basato sul radiocarbonio 14C*. Il CEN aveva, in precedenza, già pubblicato alcune specifiche tecniche basate sul contenuto di radiocarbonio dei materiali biobased.
Secondo quanto previsto da EN 16640, il contenuto di radiocarbonio può essere misurato tramite scintillazione liquida (LSC), ionizzazione beta (BI) o spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS), e la quantità di carbonio biobased è espressa come frazione della massa o del carbonio totale presente nel campione. Questo metodo di calcolo è applicabile a qualsiasi prodotto contenente carbonio organico, inclusi i biocompositi. **I risultati offerti da Beta sono espressi come contenuto di carbonio biobased rispetto al carbonio totale.**
EN 16640:2017 sostituisce la specifica tecnica CEN/TS 16640, sviluppata nel 2014. La norma è stata ratificata a dicembre 2016 e resa disponibile a febbraio 2017. Il CEN ha pubblicato la norma europea EN 16640 ad agosto 2017.
[Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
## Specifiche Tecniche per i prodotti biobased
CEN/TS 16640 è simile alle specifiche tecniche CEN/TS 16137 e CEN/TS 16295, pubblicate in precedenza da un comitato tecnico dedicato alle plastiche. Queste tre specifiche tecniche si basano sull’analisi al radiocarbonio. CEN/TS 16640 è applicabile a tutti i prodotti biobased, mentre le due precedenti specifiche sono applicabili solo a plastiche e polimeri.
Il Comitato Tecnico CEN/TC 411 sta attualmente lavorando ad altre specifiche e altri report. A luglio 2017, il comitato ha ratificato EN 16766:2017: Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods che sostituisce CEN/TS 16766:2015. Questa norma stabilisce i requisiti per i solventi biobased in termini di contenuto biobased, proprietà tecniche e metodi di analisi.
---
[I tuoi prodotti sono biobased? Provalo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html)
---
### Beta Analytic effettua analisi del contenuto biobased
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e misura il carbonio biobased utilizzando la tecnica AMS. L’analisi AMS, con una deviazione standard minima pari a 0,1%, è più accurata rispetto agli altri due metodi specificati in EN 16640.
Beta Analytic ha sede a Miami, in Florida, e accetta campioni provenienti dall’Europa tramite i suoi uffici di Londra, nel Regno Unito.
Beta Analytic supporta l’industria biobased in Europa fornendo analisi del carbonio biobased di alta qualità.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2024*
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### [Norma EN 16640 para produtos biobaseados](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O Comitê Técnico CEN/TC 411 do Comitê Europeu de Normalização (CEN) publicou o padrão EN 16640:2017: Produtos de base biológica – Conteúdo em carbono de origem biológica – Determinação do carbono de origem biológica pelo método de radiocarbono. O CEN já havia publicado outras especificações técnicas baseadas no conteúdo de radiocarbono de materiais de origem biológica.
Existem três métodos especificados na EN 16640 para medir o teor de radiocarbono: contagem de cintilação líquida (LSC), ionização beta (BI) e espectrometria de massa com aceleradores (AMS). Segundo o EN 16640, o conteúdo de carbono de base biológica de um material é indicado como uma fração da massa da amostra, ou como uma fração do conteúdo total de carbono. Esse método de cálculo é aplicável a qualquer produto que contenha carbono orgânico, inclusive biocompostos. **No Beta, medimos o teor de carbono biobaseado como fração do carbono total da amostra.**
O EN 16640:2017 suplanta a especificação técnica CEN/TS 16640, que foi desenvolvida em 2014. O padrão foi ratificado em dezembro de 2016 e disponibilizado em fevereiro de 2017. O CEN publicará o padrão europeu EN 16640 em agosto de 2017.
[Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
## Especificações técnicas para os produtos de origem biológica
O CEN/TS 16640 é similar às especificações técnicas CEN/TS 16137 e CEN/TS 16295, anteriormente publicadas por um comitê técnico dedicado aos plásticos. Essas três especificações técnicas são baseadas na análise por radiocarbono. O CEN/TS 16640 é aplicável a todos os produtos de origem biológica, enquanto as outras duas são aplicáveis apenas aos plásticos e polímeros.
O Comitê Técnico CEN/TC 411 está, neste momento, a desenvolver outros relatórios e especificações. Em julho de 2017, o comitê ratificou o padrão EN 16766:2017: Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods (Solventes de base biológica – Exigências e métodos de análise), que suplanta o CEN/TS 16766:2015. Esse padrão estabelece as exigências para solventes de base biológica quanto a seu conteúdo de base biológica, suas propriedades técnicas e métodos de análise.
---
[VOCÊ ESTÁ USANDO COMBUSTÍVEIS NEUTROS DE CARBONO? PROVE!](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica.html)
---
### O Beta Analytic oferece análises de teor de carbono de origem biológica
O laboratório Beta Analytic é certificado pela norma ISO/IEC 17025: 2017, e utiliza o método AMS para medir o teor de carbono de origem biogênica em materiais. Em comparação com os outros dois métodos previstos na EN 16640, a análise por AMS é mais precisa e apresenta um desvio padrão de apenas 0,1%.
O Beta Analytic é sediado em Miami e recebe amostras de toda a Europa em seu escritório de expedição de amostras em Londres.
O Beta Analytic apoia a indústria europeia de carbono de origem biogênica ao oferecer medições de alta qualidade do teor desse tipo de carbono.
*Última atualização: junho de 2024*
---
### [Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [バイオ燃料試料送付](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biofuels/sample-shipping.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[いつでもご連絡ください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "いつでもご連絡ください")。 営業時間中(9 AM-6 PM JST, 月-金)に迅速に対応いたします。
### **必要な量の試料をご用意ください**
**最大許容量** – 1試料につき 1 mL (1 cc)
許容量を超えた試料は分析を行うことができません。 また、試料の廃棄コストはお客様の負担となります。(1試料につき500USドル)
## [サンプルのご準備](#collapseTwo)
特に指示がない場合、ご提出いただいた試料から分析に必要十分な量を分取して分析を行います。 もし分取に関してお客様のご要望がございましたら分析前にラボにご相談ください。 ラボはすべての製造過程および製品に関して精通しているわけではありませんので、代表的な試料を採取・提出することに関してはお客様 / ご提出者の責任に委ねられます。
## [推奨容器](#collapse2)
ガラス製 1-2 mL テフロンセプタム付きクリンプトップ式マイクロサンプルバイアル。 試料は容器の¼ – ½ 程度の量にしてください。
また [こちら](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). からその他のバイアルをお探しいただけます。 輸送中の漏れを防ぐためにバイアルを密閉し、しっかりと包んでください。
*バイオ燃料試料をお送りいただく際のお勧めする梱包材*
バイアルキャップには、一層もしくは二層のテフロンフェイス・シリコンなどの化学反応を誘発しないセプタムなどをお使いください。上記にあるアンバーガラスバイアルのような低容量のスクリューキャップ付きバイアルをご使用の場合は、シリコンおよびテフロン、その他の化学反応を誘発しない物質から出来た栓を必ずお使いください。
アルミホイルの面に厚紙が張られたキャップはお使いにならないでください。 厚紙はキャップに接着剤で結着されています。これらは燃料や他の揮発性液体に適していません。揮発する際に接着剤を分解し、輸送中にサンプルを汚染する可能性があります。透明なスナップキャップも通常燃料の容器としては推奨されていません。
**注意点: VOCsが含まれている試料は満量にしてください(ヘッドスペースがないように)**
## [梱包材 – パウダー状のバーミキュライトは使用しないでください](#collapseThree)
もしバーミキュライトをお使いになる時は、パウダー状のバーミキュライトは使用しないでください。粒の粗いタイプのものがお勧めです。もしくは、紙製の緩衝材をご使用ください。
*粗粒のバーミキュライトをご使用ください。*
---
### **お申込書を記入してください。**
[Betaお申込書](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=ja)
お客様の製品の機密に関わる情報の提供は一切必要ありません。
---
### **日本国内のお客様は試料およびお申込書を株式会社地球科学研究所に送付してください**
試料の送付先：
〒468-0007 名古屋市天白区植田本町一丁目608番地 株式会社 地球科学研究所
**Betaは我々のフォーワーディングオフィス以外を通じて試料が送付された場合、その通関手続きや輸送にかかる費用に責任を持ちません。運送業者に輸送を依頼する場合は、 [DDP 条項](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) に従う必要があります。荷物のリリースのために必要な行政手続きは送り主の責任で行っていただく必要があります。**
### FAQs:
## [Betaではキャンセル料金が必要ですか?](#collapseFive1)
試料を受領後速やかに分析に取り掛かり、納期を守るよう最善を尽くします。これは、試料を受領した時点で料金が発生しているという意味です。注文のご変更は可能ですが、注文変更時までの稼働時間によって部分料金あるいは全体料金が適用されることをご承知おきください。
## [Beta はSDS/MSDSが必要ですか?](#collapseFive)
化学物質は、英文SDS/MSDSの提出が必須です。 コピーを1部必ずお送りください。
## [試料はいくつ送付すればよいですか?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic は最小試料数を設けていません。それぞれの試料に個別の認証番号がついたレポートを発行します。
研究開発が目的の場合、一回の測定で十分です。認証、規制適合に係る試料に関しては、試料提出前に管轄の政府機関または認証機関に必要な試験回数をご確認ください。
## [Beta は納期を知らせますか?](#collapseSeven)
弊社より荷物が到着したことおよび結果の納期についてお知らせします。納期はマイアミのラボラトリーに試料が到着した日から発生する営業日（週末を除く）となります。
試験所に3 PM EST以降に届いた試料は翌日のログインとさせていただきます。
## [Betaから試料の返送は可能ですか?](#collapseEight)
**[サンプル保管と返却のポリシーについてはこちらをお読みください。](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse10)**
*最終更新：2023年10月*
---
### [Envio de amostras de biocombustível para análise de carbono biogênico](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/envio-amostras.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Entre em contato a qualquer momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Entre em contato a qualquer momento"). Respondemos prontamente durante o horário comercial (8:00 às 17:00, de segunda a sexta).
### **Prepare a quantidade recomendada**
**Volume máximo de amostra permitido** – 1 ml (1 cc) por amostra.
Amostras com volume maior que o indicado NÃO serão analisadas, e o descarte do material fica às custas do cliente (taxa de descarte de USD 500 por amostra).
## [Amostragem](#collapseTwo)
Subamostramos o material submetido em quantidade adequada para o método analítico, a menos que haja instruções contrárias. No caso de instruções especiais, para garantir que a subamostra represente os interesses do cliente da melhor forma possível, converse com o laboratório antes da análise. Como o laboratório não pode ser especialista em todos os processos de fabricação e produtos, a responsabilidade pela análise de uma subamostra representativa recai sobre o cliente/solicitante da análise.
## [Recipiente recomendado](#collapse2)
Frasco de vidro de 1-2 ml, com tampa de pressão que tenha septo revestido de Teflon. O frasco deve estar preenchido apenas até ¼ – ½ de sua capacidade.
Outros exemplos de frascos que você pode usar são encontrados [aqui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Certifique-se de que a vedação esteja firme e que os frascos estejam devidamente embalados para evitar quebras durante o transporte.
*Recipientes recomendados para amostras de biocombustíveis*
Assegure que as tampas dos frascos sejam quimicamente não-reativos, por exemplo, tampas de silicone com uma duas camadas de teflon. Se for utilizar frascos de baixo volume com tampa de rosca, como o âmbar na imagem, verifique que o forro da tampa é feito de silicone e teflon, ou de qualquer outro material não-reativo.
**Não utilize** frascos com tampas revestidas de papelão com alumínio, em que o lado de papelão está colado à tampa. Esse tipo de tampa não é apropriada para conter combustíveis ou outros líquidos voláteis, uma vez que os vapores podem dissolver a cola e contaminar a amostra durante o transporte. Tampas de pressão transparentes também não são normalmente recomendadas para combustíveis.
**Observação: se a amostra contém COVs, o frasco deve estar cheio até a boca, sem deixar ar.**
## [Materiais de embalagem – não utilize vermiculita em pó](#collapseThree)
Se planeja usar vermiculita como material de embalagem, não utilize vermiculita em pó. Recomendamos o uso de vermiculita grossa ou outros materiais com enchimento à base de papel.
*Por favor utilize vermiculita grossa como material de embalagem*
---
### **Preencha todos os documentos necessários**
[Ficha de dados Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=pt_BR)
O Beta não requer informações que possam afetar a confidencialidade do seu produto.
---
### **Envie as amostras e documentos necessários para Miami**
Amostras de biocombustíveis devem ser enviadas diretamente para o laboratório nos Estados Unidos, pois nossos escritórios regionais não estão equipados para lidar com amostras perigosas. Favor enviá-las para:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Para evitar atrasos aduaneiros, utilize a declaração alfandegária recomendada:
Content: “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Value: 1 USD
HS code: 280300
**Observação: o Beta não se responsabiliza pela liberação alfandegária ou pelos custos de envios internacionais de amostras que não tenham sido encaminhadas por um de nossos escritórios. Todos os envios via empresas de transportes devem ser feitos sob o [Incoterm DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). O remetente é responsável pelos trâmites administrativos para a liberação da carga.**
## [Envie as amostras conforme as diretrizes “Envio De Minimis”,e envie-nos um email informando o courier e código de rastreamento da remessa.](#collapseFour)
Substâncias perigosas com os códigos de quantidades exceptuadas da IATA E1, E2, E4 ou E5, assim como as substâncias nos grupos de embalagem II e III, cumprem os requisitos para o envio De Minimis (simplificado). Para envios De Minimis até o laboratório em Miami, a amostra não deve exceder 1 ml, e a embalagem deve seguir as diretrizes especificadas no Regulamento de [Mercadorias Perigosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Mercadorias Perigosas"), sendo suficientemente absorvente no caso de vazamentos, e resistente o bastante para evitar rompimentos. Não é exigida rotulagem especial para o envio De Minimis. Para mais informações, por favor consulte o regulamento de mercadorias perigosas do IATA (IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations).
Ao enviar amostras diretamente aos Estados Unidos, certifique-se de que a empresa de envio que você contratou pode assumir a total responsabilidade de liberar o pacote junto à alfândega dos Estados Unidos. Ficamos à disposição para oferecer recomendações quanto ao envio de amostras.
### Perguntas frequentes:
## [O Beta cobra taxas de cancelamento?](#collapseFive1)
A análise é iniciada imediatamente após o recebimento da amostra, a fim de cumprir o prazo de entrega prometido. Isso implica que a cobrança também ocorre assim que a amostra é recebida. Modificações nos pedidos são bem-vindas, mas é importante observar que tais alterações podem resultar em cobranças parciais ou integrais, dependendo do progresso do serviço no momento da solicitação da alteração.
## [O Beta requer fichas de segurança (FISPQ/SDS/MSDS)?](#collapseFive)
Produtos químicos deverão incluir suas fichas de segurança. Precisamos ter uma cópia em arquivo.
## [Quantas amostras preciso enviar?](#collapseSix)
O Beta Analytic não exige um número mínimo de amostras. Fornecemos um relatório com número certificado exclusivo para cada amostra.
Para fins de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, uma análise poderá ser suficiente. Se o objetivo da análise é relacionado a conformidades regulamentares ou créditos fiscais, por favor consulte as agências responsáveis para saber a quantidade exigida de amostras para análise, antes de enviá-las para o laboratório.
## [O Beta informa os clientes da data prevista dos resultados?](#collapseSeven)
Um representante do Beta entrará em contato para confirmar a chegada da amostra ao laboratório e informar a data estimada para a entrega dos resultados. O nosso prazo de entrega cotado começa a contar a partir do dia útil seguinte ao recebimento da amostra no laboratório em Miami.
Amostras recebidas no laboratório após as 15h (EST) serão registradas no sistema no dia seguinte.
## [O Beta devolve amostras mediante solicitação?](#collapseEight)
**Consulte a nossa política de retenção e devolução de amostras.**
[Perguntas frequentes sobre a análise de biocombustíveis segundo a ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html)
*Última atualização: outubro de 2023*
---
### [Inviare campioni di biocombustibili per l’analisi del contenuto biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/spedizione-campioni.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contattaci in qualsiasi momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Contattaci in qualsiasi momento"). Rispondiamo rapidamente alle richieste pervenute durante l’orario di apertura (8-17 Eastern Standard Time, da lunedì a venerdì).
### **Preparare la quantità raccomandata**
**Quantità massima consentita** – 1 ml (1 cc) per campione
I campioni che superano la quantità massima consentita NON saranno analizzati e lo smaltimento del campione sarà a carico del cliente (USD 500 a campione).
## [Campionamento](#collapseTwo)
Salvo diversamente richiesto, dal materiale inviato verrà prelevato un sottocampione nella quantità necessaria per l’analisi. Se ci sono accorgimenti da adottare per garantire che il sottocampione rappresenti adeguatamente il materiale, è necessario discuterne con il laboratorio prima dell’analisi. Dal momento che i tecnici di laboratorio non possono essere esperti in tutti i processi di produzione e in tutti i prodotti, il cliente è responsabile dell’invio e dell’analisi di un campione rappresentativo.
## [Contenitore raccomandato](#collapse2)
Provetta di vetro da 1-2 ml per microcampioni con tappo a ghiera e setto rivestito in Teflon. La provetta dovrebbe essere riempita solo per ¼ o ½.
Altri esempi di provette che possono essere utilizzate sono disponibili [qui](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Assicurarsi che il sigillo delle provette sia ben stretto e che le provette siano ben imballate per evitare che si rompano durante il trasporto.
*Contenitori raccomandati per i campioni di biocombustibili*
Assicurarsi che i sigilli delle provette siano chimicamente inerti, ovvero che siano costituiti, ad esempio, di un disco di silicone con una o due facce in Teflon. Se si utilizzano provette con tappo a vite di piccolo volume come quella color ambra qui sopra, assicurarsi che il tappo sia rivestito di materiale inerte come il silicone, il Teflon o altro materiale non reattivo.
**Non usare** provette con tappi rivestiti di cartone e alluminio. Il cartone è incollato al tappo. Queste provette non sono adatte ai combustibili o altri liquidi volatili poiché i vapori possono sciogliere la colla e contaminare il campione durante la spedizione. Anche i tappi a scatto trasparenti non sono generalmente raccomandati per i combustibili.
**NOTA: se il campione contiene COV, la provetta deve essere piena (senza spazio vuoto).**
## [Imballaggio – non utilizzare la vermiculite in polvere](#collapseThree)
Se è necessario utilizzare la vermiculite per l’imballaggio del campione, non utilizzare la vermiculite in polvere. Scegliere invece vermiculite a grana grossa o altri materiali da imballaggio a base di carta.
*Utilizzare vermiculite a grana grossa come materiale da imballaggio*
---
### **Compilare i documenti necessari**
[Foglio dati Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=it)
BETA non richiede informazioni che possano violare la riservatezza del prodotto.
---
### **Inviare i campioni e i documenti necessari a Miami**
I campioni devono essere spediti al laboratorio negli Stati Uniti perché gli uffici di BETA non sono attrezzati per maneggiare i biocombustibili. Spedire i campioni a:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Per evitare problemi e ritardi alla dogana, utilizzare la seguente dicitura per la dichiarazione doganale: “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Valore doganale: 1 USD
Tariffa doganale armonizzata (codice HS) – 280300
**Nota: Beta non è responsabile dei costi di sdoganamento o di trasporto delle spedizioni internazionali inviate direttamente al laboratorio di Miami. Le spedizioni organizzate attraverso uno spedizioniere devono essere inviate secondo la [regola Incoterms DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). Il cliente è responsabile della gestione delle procedure amministrative necessarie per lo sdoganamento.**
## [Spedire i campioni seguendo le linee guida relative alle merci pericolose in quantità consentite
(“Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities”) e inviarci per email il nome del corriere e il numero di tracking.](#collapseFour)
Le sostanze pericolose contrassegnate dai codici IATA per le quantità consentite E1, E2, E4 e E5 e le sostanze nei gruppi d’imballaggio II e III sono idonee alla spedizione “De minimis”. Per spedire come “De Minimis” al nostro ufficio di Miami,il volume del campione non deve superare 1 ml e l’imballaggio deve rispettare le linee guida delle normative sulle merci pericolose (“[Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods") Regulations”), essere sufficientemente assorbente in caso di perdite e abbastanza robusto da impedire danni al contenitore. Non è richiesta un’etichetta speciale per la spedizione de minimis. Per informazioni dettagliate, consultare le normative IATA sulle merci pericolose (“IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations”).
Quando si inviano campioni direttamente negli Stati Uniti, assicurarsi che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità dello sdoganamento del pacco alla dogana statunitense. Contattare Beta per consigli sulla spedizione.
### Domande frequenti:
## [Sono previsti dei costi per la cancellazione dei campioni?](#collapseFive1)
Le analisi iniziano immediatamente all’arrivo dei campioni per garantire il rispetto della data di consegna promessa. Ciò significa che anche i costi vengono applicati immediatamente alla ricezione dei campioni. Possiamo accettare alcune modifiche agli ordini, ma potremmo dover applicare una tariffa parziale o totale in base alla quantità di lavoro già completato al momento della richiesta di modifica.
## [Beta richiede una SDS/MSDS?](#collapseFive)
Tutti i campioni di sostanze chimiche devono essere accompagnati dalla relativa scheda di sicurezza, che può essere caricata sul modulo online.
## [Quanti campioni è necessario inviare?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic non richiede l’invio di un numero minimo di campioni. Forniamo un referto con un numero di certificato unico per ogni campione.
Se l’analisi fa parte di un progetto di ricerca e sviluppo, una misurazione è sufficiente. Per le analisi richieste allo scopo di [dimostrare la conformità a una normativa o di richiedere incentivi e riduzioni sulle tasse](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/regolamenti.html), raccomandiamo di consultare l’agenzia governativa prima di inviare i campioni, per verificare quante misurazioni sono necessarie.
## [Beta indica ai clienti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati?](#collapseSeven)
Un rappresentante di Beta confermerà l’arrivo dei campioni A MIAMI e comunicherà la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati. I tempi di consegna sono calcolati a partire dal giorno successivo all’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, esclusi i fine settimana e i giorni festivi.
I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.
## [È possibile richiedere la restituzione dei campioni?](#collapseEight)
**[Visionare la nostra informativa sull’archiviazione e la restituzione dei campioni.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapse10)**
[Domande frequenti sull’analisi dei biocombustibili con ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html)
*Ultimo aggiornamento: ottobre 2023*
---
### [Envoyer des échantillons de biocarburants pour analyse du contenu biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/envoi-echantillon.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contactez-nous à tout moment](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Contactez-nous à tout moment"). Nous répondons rapidement aux demandes pendant les heures ouvrables (de 8h00 à 17h00 heure française, du lundi au vendredi).
### **Préparer la quantité recommandée**
**Volume d’échantillon maximal autorisé** – 1 mL par échantillon
Les échantillons dépassant le volume maximum autorisé NE SERONT PAS analysés et l’élimination de l’échantillon sera aux frais du client (Frais d’élimination de 500 USD par échantillon).
## [Sous-échantillonnage](#collapseTwo)
Sauf mention contraire de la part du client, notre laboratoire procèdera à un sous-échantillonnage du matériel envoyé afin d’obtenir une quantité appropriée pour l’analyse. Si vous avez des instructions particulières pour que le sous-échantillon représente au mieux vos intérêts, merci de prendre contact avec le laboratoire avant l’analyse. Notre laboratoire n’étant pas en mesure de se spécialiser dans chaque processus de fabrication, il est de la responsabilité du client de s’assurer que le sous-échantillon soit représentatif de ses intérêts.
## [Contenant recommandé](#collapse2)
Flacon à vis en verre de 1-2 mL avec septum garni de téflon. Le flacon doit être plein seulement à ¼ – ½.
Vous trouverez [ici](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site") d’autres exemples de flacons. Veuillez vérifier que l’étanchéité de vos flacons est assurée et qu’ils sont emballés avec soin, afin d’éviter qu’ils ne se brisent lors du transport.
*Contenants recommandés pour les échantillons de biocarburants*
Veuillez vous assurer que les flacons utilisés sont équipés de joints chimiquement non réactifs, par exemple constitués d’un disque de silicone avec une ou deux faces en téflon. Si vous utilisez des flacons munis de bouchons vissés à faible volume tel que celui de couleur ambrée ci-dessus, assurez-vous qu’ils sont munis d’un joint d’étanchéité non réactif à base de silicone et de téflon ou d’un autre matériau chimiquement non réactif.
**N’utilisez pas** de flacons munis de bouchons garnis de carton présentant une feuille d’aluminium sur un côté. La partie en carton se collerait au bouchon. Ces flacons ne sont pas adaptés pour des carburants ou d’autres liquides volatils car les vapeurs peuvent dissoudre la colle et contaminer l’échantillon pendant le transport. Les bouchons à pression ne sont également généralement pas recommandés pour les carburants.
**REMARQUE : Si l’échantillon contient des COV, le flacon doit être plein (sans espace vide).**
## [Matériaux d’emballage – veuillez ne pas utiliser de vermiculite en poudre](#collapseThree)
Si vous souhaitez utiliser la vermiculite comme matériau d’emballage, veuillez ne pas utiliser de vermiculite en poudre. Nous vous recommandons d’utiliser de la vermiculite grossière ou un autre matériau avec une garniture en papier.
*Veuillez utiliser de la vermiculite grossière comme emballage*
---
### **Remplir les documents nécessaires**
[Formulaire de données](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=fr)
BETA ne demande aucune information susceptible de violer la confidentialité de votre produit.
---
### **Envoyer les échantillons et documents nécessaires à Miami**
Les échantillons doivent être envoyés au laboratoire de Miami car nos bureaux locaux ne sont pas équipés pour manipuler des biocarburants. Merci d’envoyer à l’adresse suivante :
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Afin d’éviter tout retard éventuel lié au dédouanement, merci d’indiquer la mention “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Valeur de l’envoi : 1USD
Code de tarif harmonisé (ou code HS) : 280300
**Remarque : Beta n’est pas responsable du dédouanement ou des frais de transport des envois internationaux qui ne passent pas par l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition. Les envois organisés par l’intermédiaire d’un transitaire doivent être envoyés selon les [conditions DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) (Rendu Droits Acquittés). L’expéditeur est responsable de la gestion des exigences administratives pour la mainlevée de l’envoi.**
## [Merci d’expédier vos échantillons en respectant les directives indiquées pour les
“envois de minimis” et de nous communiquer le nom du transporteur et le numéro de suivi.](#collapseFour)
Les substances dangereuses avec les codes de quantités exemptées E1, E2, E4 ou E5 de l’Association du transport aérien international (IATA) ainsi que les substances correspondant aux groupes d’emballage II et III sont éligibles pour un envoi de minimis. Pour un envoi de minimis vers notre bureau de Miami, le volume de l’échantillon ne doit pas dépasser 1 mL et l’emballage doit respecter les directives indiquées dans le [Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses"), être suffisamment absorbant en cas de fuite et assez solide pour éviter tout endommagement. Aucun étiquetage spécial n’est requis pour un envoi de minimis. Pour des informations détaillées, veuillez consulter le Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses de l’IATA.
Lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux Etats-Unis, veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assume l’entière responsabilité du dédouanement du colis aux douanes américaines. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour tout renseignement sur la procédure d’envoi.
### FAQ:
## [Beta facture-t-il des frais d’annulation ?](#collapseFive1)
Les analyses sont lancées immédiatement après réception des échantillons afin de garantir au mieux les délais annoncés. Cela signifie que des frais sont également encourus dès la réception des échantillons. Les modifications de commande sont acceptées, mais veuillez noter que des frais partiels ou totaux s’appliqueront en fonction de la quantité de travail réalisé au moment de la demande de modification.
## [Une FDS est-elle nécessaire ?](#collapseFive)
Les produits chimiques doivent être accompagnés d’une FDS. Nous devons avoir une copie dans nos dossiers. Veuillez la joindre dans le colis afin d’éviter tout retard. Si nous avons déjà la dernière version d’une FDS dans nos dossiers pour votre produit, veuillez l’indiquer sur votre formulaire d’envoi.
## [Combien d’échantillons devons-nous envoyer?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic n’a pas de nombre minimum d’échantillons requis. Beta Analytic publie un rapport avec un numéro de certificat unique pour chaque échantillon reçu.
Pour la recherche et le développement, une seule mesure suffit. Si vous envoyez des échantillons pour [conformité réglementaire ou crédits d’impôt](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/reglementations.html), veuillez consulter les agences gouvernementales concernant le nombre d’échantillons requis pour les analyses avant de les envoyer à notre laboratoire.
## [Beta informe-t-il les clients de la date prévue pour la livraison des résultats ?](#collapseSeven)
Un représentant Beta vous contactera pour confirmer l’arrivée en toute sécurité de vos échantillons à MIAMI et vous indiquer une date de livraison des résultats. Les délais indiqués commencent le jour suivant la réception au laboratoire de Miami, hors week-ends.
Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour suivant.
## [Est-ce que Beta retourne des échantillons sur demande ?](#collapseEight)
**[Veuillez lire notre politique sur la conservation et le retour des échantillons.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html#collapse10)**
[FAQ sur les analyses des biocarburants selon l’ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html)
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : octobre 2023*
---
### [Senden Sie uns Ihre Biokraftstoff-Proben zur Analyse des biobasierten Anteils](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/proben-lieferung.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit"). Wir beantworten Anfragen umgehend während der Geschäftszeiten (8:00–17:00 Uhr, Montag–Freitag).
### **Bereiten Sie die empfohlene Probenmenge vor.**
**Maximal zulässiges Probenvolumen** – 1 ml (1 cc) je Probe
Proben, die das maximal zulässige Volumen überschreiten, werden NICHT analysiert und die Entsorgung der Probe geht zu Lasten des Kunden (US$500 Entsorgungsgebühr je Probe).
## [Probennahme](#collapseTwo)
Sofern keine anderen Anweisungen vorliegen, werden wir unter Verwendung einer angemessenen Probenmenge für die analytische Methode eine Teilprobe des vorgelegten Materials nehmen. Falls jedwede besonderen Anweisungen vorliegen, um sicherzustellen, dass die Teilprobe die Interessen des Kunden bestmöglich gewährleistet, konsultieren Sie das Labor bitte vor der Analyse. Da das Laborfachpersonal keine Expertise bezüglich aller Herstellungsprozesse und Produkte aufweisen kann, obliegt die Verantwortung bezüglich der Analyse einer repräsentativen Teilprobe dem Kunden / Einsender.
## [Behälter für flüssige Proben](#collapse2)
1-2 ml Glasfläschchen für Mikroproben mit Crimp-Verschluß (Septum muss teflonbeschichtet sein). Das Fläschchen ist nur ¼ – ½ zu befüllen.
Weitere Beispiele für geeignete Fläschchen finden Sie [hier](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Bitte verschließen Sie die Fläschchen fest und verpacken Sie diese angemessen, um Beschädigungen während der Lieferung zu vermeiden.
*Empfohlene Behälter für Biokraftstoff-Proben*
Stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass die Fläschchen über chemisch nicht reaktive Dichtungen verfügen, z.B. eine Silikonscheibe und eine oder zwei Teflonflächen. Wenn Sie Fläschchen mit Schraubverschluss und geringem Füllvolumen verwenden (wie das oben abgebildete bernsteinfarbene Fläschchen) versichern Sie sich, dass die Verschlussbeschichtung aus Silikon, Teflon oder einem anderen chemisch nicht reaktivem Material besteht.
Verwenden Sie bitte **keine Gefäße**, deren Verschluss eine mit Aluminiumfolie beschichtete Kartonabdichtung aufweist. Die Kartonseite ist mit dem Verschluss verklebt. Solche Gefäße sind nicht geeignet für flüchtige Flüssigkeiten, da die Dämpfe den Kleber auflösen können, was zur Verunreinigung der Probe während des Transports führen kann. Die durchsichtigen Schnappverschlüsse werden normalerweise nicht für die Verwendung mit Kraftstoffen empfohlen.
**HINWEIS: Wenn die Probe VOCs enthält, sollte das Fläschchen voll sein (kein Kopfraum).**
## [Verpackungsmaterialien – Verwenden Sie bitte kein Vermiculitpulver](#collapseThree)
Wenn Sie Vermiculit als Verpackungsmaterial verwenden möchten, verwenden Sie bitte kein Vermiculitpulver. Wir empfehlen, grobkörniges Vermiculit oder anderes Material mit Papierfüllung zu verwenden.
*Bitte verwenden Sie grobes Vermiculit als Verpackungsmaterial*
---
### **Bitte füllen Sie alle notwendigen Unterlagen aus**
[Beta Datenblatt](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=de)
BETA benötigt keine Informationen, die die Vertraulichkeit Ihres Produkts kompromittieren.
---
### **Versenden Sie die Proben zusammen mit den benötigten Formularen nach Miami**
Proben müssen direkt in die USA, an das Labor gesendet werden, da unsere anderen BETA Einrichtungen nicht für die Handhabung von Biokraftstoffen ausgerüstet sind. Bitte senden an:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
Um Verzögerungen beim Zoll zu vermeiden, verwenden Sie bitte folgende Angaben für die Zollerklärung – “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Der Zoll- und Frachtwert – 1,00 US $
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS Code) – 280300
**Hinweis: Beta ist nicht verantwortlich für die Abfertigungs- oder Transportkosten von internationalen Sendungen, die nicht über eines unserer Speditionsbüros versandt werden. Sendungen, die über eine Spedition arrangiert werden, müssen gemäß den [DDP-Bedingungen](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) versendet werden. Der Versender ist für die Abwicklung der administrativen Anforderungen zur Freigabe der Sendung verantwortlich.**
## [Bitte senden Sie Ihre Proben gemäß den Richtlinien “De-Minimis Versand”
und e-mailen Sie uns die Kurier- und Sendungsnummer](#collapseFour)
Gefährliche Stoffe mit den IATA (International Air Transport Association) Mengen-Codes E1, E2, E4 oder E5 und die in den Verpackungsgruppen II und III sind für einen De-Minimis Versand geeignet. Um sie als De-Minimis an unser Büro in Miami zu senden, darf das Probenvolumen 1 ml nicht überschreiten und die Verpackung muss den Richtlinien der [Gefahrgutvorschriften](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods") entsprechen, im Falle einer Beschädigung ausreichend saugfähig und robust genug sein, um einen Bruch zu verhindern. Für den De-Minimis-Versand ist keine besondere Kennzeichnung erforderlich. Detaillierte Informationen finden Sie in den IATA-Gefahrgutvorschriften.
Wenn Sie Proben direkt zu uns in die USA versenden, stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass der gewählte Paketdienst die volle Verantwortung für die Zollabfertigungen übernimmt. Gern können Sie uns für eine Beratung bezüglich des Probenversands kontaktieren.
### FAQ:
## [Erhebt Beta Stornogebühren?](#collapseFive1)
Die Analysen werden sofort nach Erhalt der Proben gestartet, um sicherzustellen, dass wir unsere versprochene Lieferzeit einhalten. Dies bedeutet, dass auch nach Erhalt der Proben bereits Gebühren anfallen. Änderungsaufträge sind willkommen, aber bitte beachten Sie, dass teilweise oder vollständige Gebühren anfallen, je nachdem, wie viel Arbeit zum Zeitpunkt der Änderungsanfrage abgeschlossen wurde.
## [Benötigt Beta ein SDS/MSDS?](#collapseFive)
Chemikalien müssen ein SDS/MSDS enthalten. Wir müssen eine Kopie in den Akten haben.
## [Wie viele Proben sollte man senden?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic benötigt keine Mindestanzahl von Proben. Wir erstellen für jede Probe einen Bericht mit einer eindeutigen Zertifikatsnummer.
Für Forschung und Entwicklung ist eine Messung ausreichend. Wenn Sie Proben zur Einhaltung gesetzlicher Vorschriften oder Steuergutschriften einreichen, wenden Sie sich bitte an die zuständigen Behörden, um die erforderliche Anzahl von Proben für Tests zu erfahren, bevor Sie sie an unser Labor senden.
## [Wird Beta Kunden informieren, wann die Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind?](#collapseSeven)
Ein Beta-Vertreter wird sich mit Ihnen in Verbindung setzen, um die sichere Ankunft Ihrer Proben in MIAMI zu bestätigen und Ihnen einen Liefertermin für die Ergebnisse mitzuteilen. Unsere angegebene Bearbeitungszeit beginnt einen Tag nach Eingang im Labor in Miami, ausgenommen Wochenenden.
Nach 15 Uhr EST werden die Proben am folgenden Tag im System angemeldet.
## [Kann Beta auf Anfrage Proben zurücksenden?](#collapseEight)
**[Bitte lesen Sie unsere Richtlinie zur Probenaufbewahrung und -rückgabe.](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/proben-lieferung.html)**
[FAQ zu Biokraftstofftests gemäß ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/faq.html)
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Oktober 2023*
---
### [바이오 연료 시료 보내기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/sample-shipping.html)
**Published:** August 8, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[언제든 연락 바랍니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "언제든 연락 바랍니다"). 질의 내용에 대해 영업 시간 내 신속히 답변해드립니다. (8 AM-5 PM, 월요일-금요일).
### **시료 적당량 준비**
**최대 허용 시료 량** – 1 mL (1 cc) 시료 당
최대 허용 량을 초과하는 시료는 분석되지 않으며, 시료 제출자가 폐기 비용을 부담합니다 (폐기 비용 시료당 US$500).
## [샘플링](#collapseTwo)
특별한 지시사항이 없으면, 본사 자체의 분석 방법에 따라 제출된 시료에서 적당량을 떼어내 분석합니다. 고객의 이해 관계를 가장 잘 보여줄 수 있는 시료 채집 방법이 있으시면 분석 전 의논 바랍니다. 본사 실험실 요원들이 모든 제조 과정과 제품에 대해 전문가가 아닌 관계로 분석 시료의 대표성에 대한 책임은 고객/시료 제출자에게 있습니다.
## [권장 포장 용기](#collapse2)
1-2 mL 유리 바이알 병. 바이알 병의 ¼ – ½ 만 채운다.
다른 사용 가능한 바이알 병은 [여기](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")에서 찾아 볼 수 있습니다. 발송 중 깨지지 않게 잘 포장하고, 뚜껑이 열리지 않게 잘 잠기도록 조심해야 합니다.
*바이오 연료 시료의 권장 용기*
또한 화학적으로 반응하지 않은 뚜껑을 사용해야 합니다. 예를 들자면 한 두개의 테프론 면으로 된 실리콘 디스크. 만약 앰버 원과 같은 소량의 스크류 바이얄 병을 사용한다면, 화학적으로 반응하지 않는 실리콘이나 테프콘으로 만들어진 뚜껑을 사용해야 합니다.
**절대적으로** 한쪽에 알루미늄 포일이 있는 카드보드를 가진 뚜꼉을 사용해서는 안됩니다. 카드보드와 같은 판지는 접착제를 사용하게 되는데 연료나 휘발성 액체의 경우, 접착제를 녹여 오염이 발생할 수 있어 사용에 적합하지 않습니다. 투명 뚜껑 역시 적당하지 않습니다.
**참조: 시료가 휘발성 물질을 함유하고 있다면, 병을 꽉 채웁니다. (공간이 없게).**
## [포장 물질 – 질석 파우더 사용을 금지합니다](#collapseThree)
포장 완충재로 질석 (버미큘라이트)을 사용할 경우, 질석 파우더 사용을 금지합니다. 종이 완충제나 작은 덩이리 형태의 질석 사용을 권장합니다.
*포장 완충재로 질석 덩어리 사용 바랍니다*
---
### **서류 작성**
[데이타 시트 (Beta Data Sheet)](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=ko)
BETA 연구소는 제품의 비밀에 대한 어떤 정보도 필요없습니다.
---
### **미국 본사 실험실로 시료와 서류 보내기**
Beta 연구소의 한국 지사는 이런 바이오 연료를 취급할 설비가 갖춰져 있지 않는 관계로, 미국 본사 실험실로 직접 발송해야 합니다. 발송지 주소는 다음과 같습니다:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
통관 지연 방지를 위해, 다음과 같이 세관 신고서를 작성합니다. – “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”.
Customs and carriage value: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
**Beta 연구소는 본사 포워딩 사무실을 이용하지 않을 경우 국제 택배비, 통관 비용에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. 탁송 업체를 이용한 선적은 반드시 [DDP 계약](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) 조건에서 보내져야 합니다. 발송자가 배달 관련한 모든 행정 비용 지불 책임을 집니다.**
## [“De Minimis Shipping” 가이드라인에 따라 발송합니다. 발송업체 및 송장 번호를 이메일로 알려주시면 발송 단계를 추적할 수 있습니다.](#collapseFour)
International Air Transport Association (IATA). Hazardous substances with IATA Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 나 E5 그리고 Packing Groups II and III 은 De Minimis shipping.Samples을 정해 놓았는데 위험물질로 분류된 경우, 미국 본사로 바로 발송하셔야 합니다. 시료가 1 ml을 초과해서는 안되며, 위험 물질 규정의 가이드라인 ([Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods") Regulations) 에 따라 누수가 될 경우, 충분히 흡수해야 하고, 깨짐을 방지하기 위해 튼튼히 포장해야 합니다. 특별한 표식은 필요없습니다. 자세한 정보는 IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. 참조하시기 바랍니다.
직접 미국 본사 실험실로 시료를 발송할 경우, 발송업체가 미국 세관 통관까지 모든 책임을 지는 업체를 선정하셔야 합니다. 발송 자문이 필요하시면 연락 바랍니다.
### FAQs:
## [취소 수수료가 있나?](#collapseFive1)
약속한 날짜를 지키기 위해 시료가 도착하자마자 바로 분석 작업에 들어갑니다. 이 말은 시료 도착과 함께 비용이 발생한다는 뜻입니다. 주문 변경이 가능하지만, 요청하는 시점까지 행한 작업에 따라 부분 혹은 전액 비용이 청구될 수도 있다는 점을 알아주시기 바랍니다.
## [SDS/MSDS 이 필요한가요?](#collapseFive)
화학물질은 반드시 SDS/MSDS을 포함해야 합니다. 우리는 사본을 보관해야 합니다.
## [몇 개의 시료를 보내야 하나요?](#collapseSix)
최소 개수는 없습니다. 각각의 시료에 대해 고유의 승인 번호를 가진 보고서를 제공합니다.
연구 및 개발 용이라면 한번의 측정이면 됩니다. 만약 규제 기관, 혹은 세금 공제 용으로 시료 제출하는 거라면, 시료 발송 전, 몇 개의 시료로 실험을 해야 하는지 관련 기관에 먼저 문의 바랍니다.
## [결과 보고서가 언제 나오는지 알려주나요?](#collapseSeven)
시료가 미국 본사 실험실에 도착하면, 도착 확인 및 보고서 발행 날짜를 알려드립니다. 예상 날짜는 주말 제외하고 실험실에 도착한 다음 날부터 계산합니다.
미국 동부 시간 3 PM 이후 실험실에 도착한 시료들은 그 다음날 체크인 됩니다.
## [시료 반환 요청 가능한가요?](#collapseEight)
**시료 보관 및 반환에 관한 자사 규정을 읽어보기 바랍니다.**
[ASTM D6866으로 진행되는 바이오 연료 실험에 관한 질의/응답](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html)
*2023년 10월 업데이트*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html)
**Published:** July 9, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Biogenic Carbon Testing of Biofuels
Measuring % Biogenic Carbon versus % Fossil Carbon in any biofuel blend, lubricant, and liquids with high petrochemical content
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## What does “biogenic” mean?
The ASTM D6866 analytical standard defines “biogenic” as containing carbon (organic and inorganic) of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, macroorganisms, marine, or forestry materials.
Biogenic carbon testing uses Carbon-14 technology to determine the biomass-based or biogenic fraction vs. fossil fraction of biofuels and other products. For example, [bio-ethanol and synthetic fossil-derived ethanol](https://web.archive.org/web/20080509182640/http://www.ethanolproducer.com/article-print.jsp?article_id=2077) are chemically indistinguishable but Carbon-14 testing will accurately distinguish the two.
## Measuring % Biogenic Carbon
To illustrate how Carbon-14 analysis is applied for biofuels, let us use renewable diesel as an example.
The application of Carbon-14 analysis to derive the renewable diesel content in a mixture is built on the same concepts as radiocarbon dating. It is done by comparing the amount of radiocarbon (carbon-14) in an unknown sample to that of a modern reference standard. The ratio is reported as a percentage with the units “pMC” (percent modern carbon). If the material being analyzed is a mixture of present-day radiocarbon and fossil carbon (which contains no radiocarbon), then the pMC value obtained correlates directly to the amount of renewable diesel present in the sample.
## Biofuel Manufacturers Need Carbon-14 Analysis to:
- Qualify for certain tax credits and comply with [regulations](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html), e.g. [US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html)
- Check the [accuracy of biofuel blends](https://biofuels-news.com/news/setting-the-standards-in-the-biofuel-sphere/)
- Obtain precise results for R&D
## Biogenic Testing Reporting Standards
- [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) – Biogenic content percentage is expressed as a fraction of total carbon
- [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html) – Result is expressed as % biobased carbon as a fraction of total carbon (applicable ONLY to lubricants and liquids with high petrochemical content)
## SGS Beta’s Biogenic Content Testing Services
- Standard Service – results are reported in 7 business days or less
- Priority Service – 4 business days or less
Biofuels regularly analyzed at SGS Beta include bioethanol, renewable diesel, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), used cooking oil (UCO), palm oil mill effluent (POME), hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), low pour fuel oil (LPFO), low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO), black fuels (e.g. marine fuels), renewable naphtha, CNSL (cashew nut shell oil), and food waste oil, to name a few. Ready to submit samples for testing? [Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/sample-shipping.html)
#### Get in touch to find the best solutions to your biogenic carbon testing needs.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: July 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html)
**Published:** December 22, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Biobased Product Testing
Measuring % Biobased Carbon versus % Fossil Carbon in any product
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## What does “biobased” mean?
“Biobased” means containing organic carbon of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, marine, or forestry materials living in a natural environment in equilibrium with the atmosphere, according to the [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) analytical standard.
Biobased materials are derived in whole or in part from biomass resources. Biobased testing by carbon-14 analysis is used to measure the amount of biomass-derived carbon as compared to its [total organic carbon (TOC) or total carbon (TC) content](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Since carbon-14 is only present in living or recently expired material, Carbon-14 testing using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is the most effective method to determine the amount of [biobased carbon](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html) as opposed to petroleum-derived carbon in raw materials or any given end product.
## Measuring Biobased Carbon
Analytical standard ASTM D6866 distinguishes carbon resulting from contemporary biomass-based inputs from those derived from fossil-based inputs. Biomass contains a well-characterized amount of Carbon-14 that is easily differentiated from other materials such as fossil fuels that do not contain any Carbon-14. Since the amount of Carbon-14 in biomass is known, a percentage of carbon from renewable sources can be calculated easily from the Total Organic Carbon in the sample.
### Quantify the Biobased Content of Products by Carbon-14 Analysis to:
- Validate your biobased claims
- Determine the biobased content of products for regulatory or [certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html) purposes
- Use precise % biobased carbon results in your marketing strategies and R&D
### Biobased Testing Reporting Standards
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640, [and more](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html)
- Biobased percentage can be expressed as a fraction of TC or TOC content of the product.
### SGS Beta’s Biobased Content Testing Services
- Standard Service – results are reported in 7 business days or less
- Priority Service – 4 business days or less
Ready to submit samples for testing? [Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
EXPLORE MORE
#### Get in touch to find the best solutions to your biobased carbon testing needs.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: October 2024
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# BS EN ISO 21644 – Measuring the Biomass Content of Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF)
- International standard specifying methods on how the biomass content of solid recovered fuels is determined
- It replaces EN 15440 (withdrawn 2021).
- SGS Beta provides high-quality BS EN ISO 21644 test results in 7 business days or less. [Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## Biomass Content Determination of SRF
Under the EN ISO 21644:2021 standard, the biomass content of SRF is determined by either of these methods – carbon-14 analysis, selective dissolution method, or manual sorting. Biomass fraction results are expressed by carbon content, by mass, or by energy content (gross or net calorific value).
The biomass content of SRF is relevant when evaluating the impact of energy production on greenhouse gas emissions.
The EN ISO 21644 standard was prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee 300 in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee 343. This standard was approved by the CEN in November 2020 and was published in January 2021.
For more details, including sample preparation recommendations, please buy the standard:
[BS EN ISO 21644:2021: Solid recovered fuels – Methods for the determination of biomass content](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail?pid=000000000030438157)
Note: SGS Beta only provides BS EN ISO 21644 testing by Carbon-14 analysis.
## What are Solid Recovered Fuels?
Solid recovered fuels (SRF) are a heterogeneous group of fuels produced from non-hazardous waste, e.g. [municipal solid waste](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), construction and demolition waste, [sewage sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html), etc. According to [EN ISO 21640:2021](https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030354869), SRFs are produced to be used for energy purposes at the highest possible energy efficiency.
The main expected end-users of SRF in most European countries are energy-intensive facilities such as cement and lime kilns or coal-fired power plants. Another area where development of the use of SRF is foreseen is the thermochemical recycling of waste [(IEA Bioenergy, 2020)](https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Trends-in-use-of-solid-recovered-fuels-Main-Report-Task36.pdf).
## SGS Beta’s Carbon-14 Services for SRF
ISO 17025-accredited SGS Beta offers two services for its high-quality carbon-14 testing in accordance with EN ISO 21644:
- Standard (results are provided in 7 business days)
- Priority (results reported in 4 business days or less)
For SRF, please send at least 5 grams (20 grams maximum) per sample. We will subsample the submitted material in a quantity reasonable for the analytical method.
The Miami-based lab has several forwarding offices around the world for the submission of non-hazardous samples. Please contact us before sending samples to receive shipping instructions applicable to your region. All hazardous samples should be sent directly to the lab’s headquarters in Florida, following De Minimis Shipping guidelines.
[SGS Beta was previously known as Beta Analytic.](https://www.betalabservices.com/sgs-acquires-beta-analytic/)
##### You might also be interested in these topics:
- [Carbon-14 Analysis vs. Selective Dissolution Method](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-sdm.html)
- [Refuse-derived Fuels: From Waste to Energy](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html)
- [Tire-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html)
#### Ready to submit SRF samples for EN ISO 21644 testing?
[Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biogenic-waste-fuels/shipping.html)
Page last updated: March 2026
---
### [寄送樣品 – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[歡迎與我們聯絡](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html "歡迎與我們聯絡")，我們會在上班時間回覆(美東時間週一 – 週五，上午8點 – 下午5點)
### **建議樣品量**
## [氣體樣品 – 氣袋中只需盛裝2 cc的氣體](#collapseTwo)
直接從設備排放的廢氣中提取二氧化碳氣體，計算出的所用總可再生燃料結果才會是最正確的。如果樣品未經稀釋，只要用氣體收集袋送交2 cc的二氧化碳氣體即可。請確保氣體收集袋只有3/4滿，並將袋子放入堅固的盒子。建議您也準備樣品副本，以防發生洩漏事故。
如何收集氣體樣品的詳細資訊請參見 [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/astmd7459.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
實驗室接受以真空採血管盛裝的氣體樣品。
## [輪胎(只接受拆線並切碎的樣品) – 至少5g (最多20g)](#collapse2)
對於輪胎，獲得代表性樣品的最佳選擇是寄送燃燒後產生的二氧化碳樣品（請依據 [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/astmd7459.html "ASTM D7459")標準收集樣品），如果無法取得的話，可以選擇輪胎的橫截面或代表輪胎整個成分的等效樣本。儘管5克輪胎足以進行 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 分析，但它可能無法代表整個輪胎樣品。
**請注意: Beta實驗室不接受輪胎碎片分析。送交的樣品必須拆線並呈現細碎狀。**
取樣 – 除非另有指示，否則實驗室會從送交的樣品中，再次抽取合理的樣品量進行測試。
## [RDF、SRF、城市固體廢棄物、污泥 – 至少5g具代表性的樣品(最多20g)](#collapse22)
除非另有指示，否則實驗室會從送交的樣品中，再次抽取合理的樣品量進行測試。為確保所取樣品符合客戶需求，如果有任何特殊的取樣指示，請於分析前與實驗室聯絡、討論。因實驗室並不了解廠商的製造過程與產品，所以取得最適合分析樣品的責任為客戶／申請方。
---
### **填寫樣品申請表**
[Beta實驗室的線上測試申請表](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
BETA不需要任何您認為可能違反保密協議的產品資訊 。
---
### **將樣品和申請表寄到Beta實驗室**
請在清關文件上標明：“Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”（Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – 科研分析用樣品，將於分析過程中銷毀 – 不具商業價值）
清關和貨品價值: 1美元
關稅協調碼 (即HS碼) – 280300
如果直接將樣品寄到美國邁阿密總部，請確保快遞公司會負責美國海關的所有通關事宜。歡迎連繫我們，洽詢運送相關建議。
**請注意: 如果不是透過Beta實驗室的轉運辦事處寄送的國際貨件，我們將不負責清關或運輸費用。透過貨運代理安排的貨物必須按照 [DDP條款](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)寄送。托運方需負責處理放行貨物的行政要求。**
### 問與答:
## [Beta實驗室會收取消費用嗎?](#collapseFive1)
實驗室會在收到樣品後立即開始進行分析以準時交付報告。這代表自樣品收到開始，即開始計費。您可以在任何時候更改決定，但是請留意，我們將視實驗進度收取部分費用。
## [需要幾個樣品才能完成一份測試報告？](#collapseSix)
Beta實驗室的每個測試報告都使用一組獨一無二的編號。
我們沒有最低樣品數量的要求。如果您申請測試的目的是要符合法規要求或溫室氣體排放交易計劃，請諮詢主管機關確認採集週期內所需的測試頻率和所需的樣品數量。
## [實驗室提供氣體樣品袋嗎?](#collapseSeven)
沒有。請自行購買Tedlar材質的氣體樣品袋。
## [實驗室提供現場採樣服務嗎?](#collapseEight)
沒有，Beta實驗室不提供現場採樣服務。
## [Beta會告訴客戶什麼時候發佈報告嗎?](#collapseNine)
實驗室代表將與您聯繫，以確認您的樣品安全送達，並為您提供報告的交付日期。我們預計的測試時程是從邁阿密實驗室收貨之次日算起，不含週末假日。
美東時間下午3點以後抵達實驗室的樣品將於次日登錄進系統裡。
## [可以請求Beta實驗室退還剩餘樣品嗎?](#collapseTen)
**[請閱讀我們關於樣品保留和退還的政策。](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html#collapse10)**
[常見問與答 – 可再生碳測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html)
*最後更新：2026年3月*
---
### [試料の送付 – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)
**Published:** September 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[いつでもご連絡ください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "いつでもご連絡ください")。 営業時間中(9 AM-6 PM JST, 月-金)に迅速に対応いたします。
### **推奨する量の試料をご用意ください。**
## [ガスのサンプリング – 最小で2 cc をガスバッグに収集](#collapseTwo)
施設からの排出CO2を採取し直接分析することによって、再生可能燃料がどれだけ使用されたか正確に知ることができます。 試料が希釈されていない場合なら最小でCO2 換算で2ccの気体試料をお送りください。いずれもアルミバックに満タンにしないで3/4程度採取し、頑丈な箱に保存してください。 また漏れが生じた場合に備え、予備の試料をサンプリングしていただくことをお勧めします。
気体試料採取方法に関する詳細は [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks") をご参照ください。
バキュテイナに保管されたガス試料も受け入れ可能です。
## [タイヤ (ワイヤを完全に取り除きシュレッドした試料のみ受け入れ可能です) –
最小量は5g (最大で20gまで)](#collapse2)
タイヤの試料で、代表的なサンプリングを行うための一番良い方法は、CO2をお送りただくことです。(採取方法のガイドラインは [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459") に示されています) CO2の提出が不可能な場合は、横断面を採取していただくか、タイヤの全ての成分を代表するように採取していただくことが重要です。 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html) の分析を行うためには5gのタイヤで十分すぎる量ですが、タイヤの試料を代表することはできないかもしれません
**注意:Betaは破片状の試料を受け入れません。試料は、ワイヤーを取り除きシュレッドされた状態のものに限ります。**
サンプリング – ご指示がない場合、提出していただいた試料から、分析に適した量を分取してから測定を行います。
## [RDF、 SRF、 都市廃棄物、 汚泥 – 分析を行う燃料の代表試料として最小量は 5g (最大で20gまで) ](#collapse22)
ご指示がない場合、提出していただいた試料から、分析に適した量を分取してから測定を行います。 代表的な試料を分取するために特別な注意が必要な場合は、十分な協議を行う必要がありますので、分析を行う前にご連絡をお願いします。 わたくしどもは、必ずしもすべての製造工程や、製品、分析対象物質に精通しているわけではありませんので、試料採取の責任はお客様もしくは試料の提出者様に委ねられますことをご承知おきください。
---
### **お申込書を記入してください。**
[お申込書のダウンロードはこちら](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)。
お客様の製品の機密に関わる情報の提供は一切必要ありません。
---
### **試料及び お申込書 をベータ・アナリティック社（日本のお客様の場合は株式会社地球科学研究所）に送付してください。**
納期－納期はマイアミのラボラトリーに試料が到着した日から発生する営業日（週末を除く）となります。
注意点: Betaは我々のフォーワーディングオフィス以外を通じて試料が送付された場合、その通関手続きや輸送にかかる費用に責任を持ちません。運送業者に輸送を依頼する場合は、 [DDP 条項](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) に従う必要があります。荷物のリリースのために必要な行政手続きは送り主の責任で行っていただく必要があります。
### FAQs:
## [Betaではキャンセル料金が必要ですか?](#collapseFive1)
試料を受領後速やかに分析に取り掛かり、納期を守るよう最善を尽くします。これは、試料を受領した時点で料金が発生しているという意味です。注文のご変更は可能ですが、注文変更時までの稼働時間によって部分料金あるいは全体料金が適用されることをご承知おきください。
## [1つの結果を得るために必要な検体数はいくつですか?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic は1試料について、それぞれ個別の測定番号がついた1報告書を発行します。
[規制対応、温室効果ガス排出取引などのために試験を行う場合は](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)、担当の監督機関にサンプリングサイクルに対する必要な試験頻度、試料数などを確認してください。
必要な試料数をお尋ねください。
## [ガス試料を送るための容器を提供してもらえますか?](#collapseSeven)
いいえ。アルミニウムバッグなど適切なガスサンプリング容器を業者より購入してください。
## [オンサイトでの試料採取を行っていますか?](#collapseEight)
いいえ。 ガスのサンプリングは Beta Analyticでは行っていません。
## [Beta は納期を知らせますか?](#collapseNine)
弊社よりお客様の試料がマイアミ試験所に到着したこと及び試験結果の納期についてお知らせします。納期はマイアミ試験所に試料が到着した翌日からの営業日（週末を除く）でカウントします。
試験所に3 PM EST以降に届いた試料は翌日のログインとさせていただきます。
## [Betaから試料の返送は可能ですか?](#collapseTen)
**[試料の保持と返送についてのポリシーをお読みください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse10)。**
[再生可能炭素試験に関してよくいただくご質問](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html)
*最終更新: 2026年3月*
---
### [샘플 보내는 방법 – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[언제든 연락 바랍니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "언제든 연락 바랍니다"). 질의 내용에 대해 영업 시간 내 신속히 답변해드립니다. (8 AM-5 PM, 월요일-금요일).
### **충분한 양의 샘플 준비하기**
## [가스 시료 – 가스 수집 백에 2cc 정도](#collapseTwo)
배출기에서 직접 채집한 CO2 가스가 측정에 가정 정확합니다. 희석되지 않았다면 가스 채집 백에 담긴 CO2 2 cc 정도제출해 주시면 됩니다. 가스 백은 약 3/4 정도만 채워주시고 딱딱한 상자에 담아 보내며, 혹시 샐 경우를 대비해서 여분의 가스 시료를 보관하고 있기를 권해드립니다.
가스 시료 채집에 관한 방법은 [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks") 을 참조하시기 바랍니다.
베큐테이너에 담긴 가스 시료 역시 가능합니다.
## [타이어 (철선 제거되고, 파쇄된 시료만 허용) – 최소 5g (최대 20g)](#collapse2)
폐 타이어의 경우, 대표성 측면에서 CO2 가스 상태의 시료 [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459") 표준 방식에 따른 채집 시료)를 제출하는 것이 가장 좋습니다. 만약 이것이 여의치 않으면, 전체 폐 타이어의 구성물을 대표하는 시료 혹은 타이어의 단면을 제출하는 것이 중요합니다. 비록 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html) 분석을 위해서 5 grams이면 충분하지만, 이것들이 타이어 전체를 대표하는지 여부 측면에서 충분치 않을 수 있습니다.
**참조: Beta 연구소는 폐타이어 조각 자체는 분석하지 않습니다. 반드시 철심이 제거되고 잘게 조각 낸 시료만 제출해야 합니다.**
샘플 작업 – 별다른 지시 사항이 없으면, 제출해주신 샘플에서 실험 분석에 필요한 만큼의 실험 샘플을 채집해서 실험합니다.
## [RDF, SRF, 도시 고형 폐기물, 슬러지 – 분석하려는 특정 연료를 대표하는 물질 최소 5g (최대 20g)](#collapse22)
별다른 지시 사항이 없으면, 제출해주신 샘플에서 실험 분석에 필요한 만큼의 실험 샘플을 채집해서 실험합니다. 고객의 이해 관계를 가장 확실하게 하기 위한 실험 샘플 선정에 관해 지시 사항이 특별히 있으시면, 분석 전에 본 연구실로 문의바랍니다. 모든 제품에 대해서 혹은 제조 공정에 대해 본 연구소는 전문가가 아니기 때문에 분석에 따른 실험 샘플의 대표성에 관한 책임은 고객/실험 의뢰인에게 있습니다.
---
### **실험 의뢰서인 Submittal Form 작성**
[데이타 시트 (Beta Data Sheet)](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
BETA 연구소는 혹시 비밀 보장이 필요한 제품의 고급 정보는 필요치 않습니다.
---
### **샘플과 Sample Submittal Form 을 Beta 연구소로 보내기**
세관 신고용 표시. “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Customs and carriage value: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
시료를 미국 실험실로 직접 보내실 경우, 미국 세관의 통관 절차까지 책임져주는 배송업체를 이용하시기 바랍니다. 배송에 대한 더 자세한 내용을 알고 있으면, 언제든지 연락주시기 바랍니다.
**참조: Beta 연구소는 본사 포워딩 사무실을 이용하지 않을 경우 국제 택배비, 통관 비용에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. 탁송 업체를 이용한 선적은 반드시 [DDP 계약](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) 조건에서 보내져야 합니다. 발송자가 배달 관련한 모든 행정 비용 지불 책임을 집니다.**
### FAQs:
## [취소 수수료가 있나?](#collapseFive1)
약속한 날짜를 지키기 위해 시료가 도착하자마자 바로 분석 작업에 들어갑니다. 이 말은 시료 도착과 함께 비용이 발생한다는 뜻입니다. 주문 변경이 가능하지만, 요청하는 시점까지 행한 작업에 따라 부분 혹은 전액 비용이 청구될 수도 있다는 점을 알아주시기 바랍니다.
## [하나의 보고서를 받으려면 시료를 얼마나 보내야 하나?](#collapseSix)
Beta 연구소는 제출한 각 시료에 대해 단 한 개의 인증 번호를 가진 보고서를 발행한다.
시료의 최소 개수는 없다. [규제 준수를 위해, 혹은 온실 가스 배출 거래제 관련하여 시료 제출하는 경우](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html) 실험의 빈도, 채집 기간에 몇 개의 시료가 요구되는지 해당 기관에 먼저 문의바란다.
## [가스 시료 담을 백을 제공하나?](#collapseSeven)
아니다. 테드라 (Tedlar) 가스 백을 자체적으로 구매해야 한다.
## [현장 시료 채집 서비스 제공하나?](#collapseEight)
가스 채집 서비스는 제공하지 않는다.
## [결과 보고서가 언제 나오는지 알려주나요?](#collapseNine)
시료가 미국 본사 실험실에 도착하면, 도착 확인 및 보고서 발행 날짜를 알려드립니다. 예상 날짜는 주말 제외하고 실험실에 도착한 다음 날부터 계산합니다.
미국 동부 시간 3 PM 이후 실험실에 도착한 시료들은 그 다음날 체크인 됩니다.
## [시료 반환 요청 가능한가요?](#collapseTen)
**시료 보관 및 반환에 관한 자사 규정을 읽어보기 바랍니다.**
[재생 탄소 실험 – 질의/응답](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html)
*2026년 3월 업데이트*
---
### [Envie suas amostras – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/envio-co2-biogenico.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Entre em contato a qualquer momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "Entre em contato a qualquer momento"). Respondemos prontamente durante o horário comercial (8:00 às 17:00, de segunda a sexta).
### **Prepare a quantidade recomendada**
## [Amostras de gás – apenas 2 cc em um saco de coleta de gás](#collapseTwo)
A amostragem de gás CO2 vinda diretamente das emissões de instalações proporciona o cálculo mais exato do total de combustível renovável utilizado. Basta uma amostra tão pequena quanto 2 cc de CO2 em um saco de coleta de gás, se a amostra não estiver diluída. Certifique-se que o saco seja preenchido por no máximo 3/4, e colocado em uma caixa de papelão firme. Também recomendamos a coleta de uma amostra duplicada, em caso de vazamento.
Para detalhes sobre como coletar amostras de gás, consulte a norma [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/astmd7459.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
O laboratório também aceita amostras de gás acondicionadas em Vacutainers.
## [Pneus (apenas aceitamos amostras trituradas e sem arame) – mínimo de 5 g e máximo de 20 g](#collapse2)
Para pneus, a melhor opção para uma amostra representativa é CO2 (coletado segundo a norma [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/astmd7459.html "ASTM D7459")). Se isso não for possível, é importante que você recorte uma seção transversal do pneu ou amostra equivalente, que represente toda a composição do pneu. Apesar de 5 gramas serem mais que suficientes para a análise [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/astmd6866.html), pode ser que não seja representativa.
**Observação: O Beta NÃO aceita fragmentos de pneus para análise. Amostras enviadas para o laboratório devem estar trituradas e livres de arames.**
Amostragem – Salvo disposição do contrário, o laboratório utiliza subamostras do material enviado em uma quantidade razoável para o método analítico.
## [CDR, CSR, RSU, lodo – mínimo de 5 g de material representativo do combustível a ser analisado (máximo de 20 g)](#collapse22)
Subamostramos o material submetido em quantidade adequada para o método analítico, a menos que haja instruções contrárias. Se houver instruções especiais para garantir que a subamostra representa os melhores interesses do cliente, por favor, entre em contato com o laboratório antes da análise. Como o laboratório não pode ser especialista em todos os processos de fabricação e produtos, a responsabilidade pela análise de uma subamostra representativa recai sobre o cliente/solicitante da análise.
---
### **Preencha o formulário de envio de amostras**
[Formulário eletrônico de dados do Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
O Beta não requer informações que possam afetar a confidencialidade do seu produto.
---
### **Envie as amostras e o Formulário de Envio de Amostras para um escritório da Beta Analytic**
Para evitar atrasos aduaneiros, utilize a declaração alfandegária recomendada: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Ao enviar amostras diretamente aos Estados Unidos, certifique-se de que a empresa de envio que você contratou pode assumir a total responsabilidade de liberar o pacote junto à alfândega dos Estados Unidos. Ficamos à disposição para oferecer recomendações quanto ao envio de amostras.
**Observação: o Beta não se responsabiliza pela liberação alfandegária ou pelos custos de envios internacionais de amostras que não tenham sido encaminhadas por um de nossos escritórios. Todos os envios via empresas de transportes devem ser feitos sob o [Incoterm DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). O remetente é responsável pelos trâmites administrativos para a liberação da carga.**
### Perguntas frequentes:
## [O Beta cobra taxas de cancelamento?](#collapseFive1)
A análise é iniciada imediatamente após o recebimento da amostra, a fim de cumprir o prazo de entrega prometido. Isso implica que a cobrança também ocorre assim que a amostra é recebida. Modificações nos pedidos são bem-vindas, mas é importante observar que tais alterações podem resultar em cobranças parciais ou integrais, dependendo do progresso do serviço no momento da solicitação da alteração.
## [Quantas amostras preciso enviar para obter um relatório?](#collapseSix)
O Beta Analytic fornece um relatório com número certificado exclusivo para cada amostra.
Não exigimos um número mínimo de amostras. Se você for enviar amostras para conformidade [regulamentar ou para regimes de licenças de emissão de gases](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/determinacao-biomassa.html) do efeito estufa, por favor contate as agências dirigentes para informar-se sobre a frequência e número de análises exigidos para cada período de coleta.
## [Vocês fornecem bolsas de coleta de gás?](#collapseSeven)
Não. Bolsas Tedlar podem ser adquiridas no fornecedor de sua preferência.
## [Vocês oferecem coleta de amostras in situ?](#collapseEight)
Não, a coleta de amostras não faz parte dos serviços do Beta Analytic.
## [O Beta informa os clientes da data prevista dos resultados?](#collapseNine)
Um representante do Beta entrará em contato para confirmar a chegada da amostra ao laboratório e informar a data estimada para a entrega dos resultados. O nosso prazo de entrega cotado começa a contar a partir do dia útil seguinte ao recebimento da amostra no laboratório em Miami.
Amostras recebidas no laboratório após as 15h (EST) serão registradas no sistema no dia seguinte.
## [O Beta devolve amostras mediante solicitação?](#collapseTen)
**Consulte a nossa política de retenção e devolução de amostras.**
[Perguntas frequentes – Análise de carbono renovável](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html)
*Última atualização: março de 2026*
---
### [Inviare i campioni per l'analisi del carbonio biogenico con ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/co2-biogenico-spedizione.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contattaci in qualsiasi momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Contattaci in qualsiasi momento"). Rispondiamo rapidamente alle richieste pervenute durante l’orario di apertura (8-17 Eastern Standard Time, da lunedì a venerdì).
### **Preparare una quantità sufficiente di campione.**
## [Campioni di gas – minimo 2 cc in una sacca per la raccolta di gas](#collapseTwo)
Raccogliere la CO2 direttamente dalle emissioni di un impianto permette di calcolare il combustibile rinnovabile utilizzato nel modo più accurato possibile. È possibile inviare un minimo di 2 cc di CO2 in una sacca per la raccolta di gas, se il campione non è diluito. Assicurarsi che la sacca sia piena solo per 3/4 e inserirla in una scatola robusta. Si raccomanda di inviare un campione di riserva nel caso il primo venisse danneggiato durante il trasporto.
Per le istruzioni dettagliate sul campionamento dei gas, consultare la norma [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/astmd7459.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
Il laboratorio accetta anche campioni di gas conservati in provette Vacutainer.
## [Pneumatici (SOLO triturati e privi di parti metalliche) – da un minimo di 5 g a un massimo di 20 g](#collapse2)
Per gli pneumatici, il modo migliore di ottenere un campione rappresentativo è inviare campioni di CO2 prodotta dalla loro combustione, raccolti secondo le linee guida di ASTM [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/astmd7459.html "ASTM D7459"). Se non è possibile procedere in questo modo, è importante prelevare una sezione trasversale, o un campione equivalente che rappresenti la composizione dell’intero pneumatico. Sebbene 5 grammi di materiale siano più che sufficienti per l’analisi con [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/astmd6866.html), un campione di queste dimensioni potrebbe non rappresentare adeguatamente l’intero pneumatico.
**Nota: Beta NON accetta frammenti di pneumatici di grandi dimensioni. I campioni devono essere privati delle parti metalliche e macinati finemente prima dell’invio.**
Campionamento – Se non diversamente richiesto, il laboratorio preleva dal materiale ricevuto un sottocampione delle dimensioni necessarie per l’analisi.
## [CDR, CSS, rifiuti urbani, fanghi – da un minimo di 5 g a un massimo di 20 g di materiale rappresentativo](#collapse22)
Se non diversamente richiesto, il laboratorio preleva dal materiale ricevuto un sottocampione delle dimensioni necessarie per l’analisi. Se ci sono accorgimenti da adottare per garantire che il sottocampione rappresenti adeguatamente il materiale, è necessario discuterne con il laboratorio prima dell’analisi. Poiché i tecnici di Beta non possono essere esperti di tutti i processi di produzione e tutti i materiali, l’analisi di un campione rappresentativo è responsabilità del cliente.
---
### **Compilare il modulo per l’invio dei campioni**
[Modulo online di Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Beta Analytic non richiede informazioni che possano violare la riservatezza del prodotto.
---
### **Inviare i campioni e il modulo per l’invio dei campioni a un ufficio di Beta Analytic**
Per inviare campioni direttamente a Miami, riportare la dicitura seguente sulla dichiarazione doganale: “Carbon NCM number 2803.00 for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value”
Valore: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Quando si inviano dei campioni direttamente negli USA, assicurarsi che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità di sdoganare il pacco alla dogana statunitense. Contattare il laboratorio per ricevere assistenza sulla spedizione.
**Nota: Beta non è responsabile dei costi di sdoganamento o di trasporto delle spedizioni internazionali inviate direttamente al laboratorio di Miami. Le spedizioni organizzate attraverso uno spedizioniere devono essere inviate secondo la [regola Incoterms DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). l cliente è responsabile della gestione delle procedure amministrative necessarie per lo sdoganamento.**
### Domande frequenti:
## [Sono previsti dei costi per la cancellazione dei campioni?](#collapseFive1)
Le analisi iniziano immediatamente all’arrivo dei campioni per garantire il rispetto della data di consegna promessa. Ciò significa che anche i costi vengono applicati immediatamente alla ricezione dei campioni. Possiamo accettare alcune modifiche agli ordini, ma potremmo dover applicare una tariffa parziale o totale in base alla quantità di lavoro già completato al momento della richiesta di modifica.
## [Quanti campioni è necessario inviare per ricevere un report?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic emette un report, identificato da un numero di certificato unico, per ogni campione ricevuto.
Non richiediamo l’invio di un numero minimo di campioni. Se l’analisi viene richiesta per dimostrare la conformità alle [normative locali o per la partecipazione a un’iniziativa sui gas serra](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/determinazione-biomassa.html), consultare l’ente governativo responsabile per verificare i requisiti relativi alla frequenza di campionamento e al numero di analisi richieste per ogni periodo di raccolta.
## [Fornite i contenitori per la raccolta dei gas?](#collapseSeven)
No. Le sacche Tedlar sono disponibili presso la maggior parte dei fornitori.
## [Offrite il servizio di raccolta dei campioni in loco?](#collapseEight)
No, la raccolta dei gas non fa parte dei servizi di Beta Analytic.
## [Beta indica ai clienti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati?](#collapseNine)
Un rappresentante di Beta confermerà l’arrivo dei campioni A MIAMI e comunicherà la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati. I tempi di consegna sono calcolati a partire dal giorno successivo all’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, esclusi i fine settimana e i giorni festivi.
I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.
## [I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.](#collapseTen)
**[È possibile richiedere la restituzione dei campioni?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapse10)**
[Domande frequenti – Analisi del carbonio rinnovabile](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html)
*Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 2026*
---
### [Envoyer vos échantillons – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/envoi-co2-biogenique.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contactez-nous à tout moment](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Contactez-nous à tout moment"). Nous répondons rapidement aux demandes pendant les heures ouvrables (de 8h00 à 17h00 heure française, du lundi au vendredi).
### **Préparer une quantité suffisante d’échantillon.**
## [Échantillons de gaz – aussi peu que 2 mL dans un sac de collecte de gaz](#collapseTwo)
Le prélèvement d’échantillons de CO2 directement à partir des émissions d’une installation permet le calcul le plus exact du combustible renouvelable total utilisé. Veuillez envoyer 2 mL de CO2 dans un sac de collecte des gaz si l’échantillon n’est pas dilué. Veuillez vous assurer que le sac n’est rempli qu’aux ¾ et placé dans une boîte solide. Nous vous recommandons également de prélever l’échantillon en double, dans l’éventualité d’une fuite.
Pour plus de détails sur l’échantillonnage du gaz, veuillez consulter la page [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/astmd7459.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
Le laboratoire accepte également les échantillons de gaz stockés dans des tubes Vacutainer.
## [Pneus (nous acceptons UNIQUEMENT les échantillons décâblés et déchiquetés) – au moins 5g (20g max)](#collapse2)
Pour les pneus, la meilleure option pour obtenir un échantillon représentatif est d’envoyer des échantillons de CO2 (conseils de prélèvement selon la norme [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/astmd7459.html "ASTM D7459")). Si cela n’est pas possible, il est important de prélever une section transversale du pneu ou un échantillon équivalent représentatif de la composition entière du pneu. 5 grammes de pneu sont en général suffisants pour une analyse [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/astmd6866.html), mais cette quantité peut toutefois ne pas être représentative de l’échantillon de pneumatique.
**Remarque : Beta n’acceptera PAS les fragments de pneus pour analyse. Les échantillons soumis doivent être décâblés et broyés.**
Sous-échantillonnage – Sauf mention contraire de la part du client, notre laboratoire procédera à un sous-échantillonnage du matériel envoyé afin d’obtenir une quantité appropriée pour l’analyse.
## [CDD, CSR, déchets solides municipaux, boues – au moins 5 g de matériau représentatif du combustible spécifique à analyser (20 g max)](#collapse22)
Sauf mention contraire de la part du client, notre laboratoire procédera à un sous-échantillonnage du matériel envoyé afin d’obtenir une quantité appropriée pour l’analyse. Si vous avez des instructions particulières concernant le sous-échantillonnage, merci de prendre contact avec le laboratoire au préalable. Notre laboratoire n’étant pas en mesure de se spécialiser dans chaque processus de fabrication, il est de la responsabilité du client de s’assurer que le sous-échantillon est représentatif de ses intérêts.
---
### **Remplissez le formulaire relatif à l’analyse de l’échantillon**
[Formulaire en ligne Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
BETA ne vous demande aucun renseignement que vous pourriez considérer comme une violation de la confidentialité de votre produit.
---
### **Envoyer les échantillons et le formulaire de données à un bureau de Beta Analytic**
Merci d’utiliser cette mention sur la déclaration de douane: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valeur : 1 USD
Numéro de tarif harmonisé (code HS) / Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux Etats-Unis, veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assume l’entière responsabilité du dédouanement du colis aux douanes américaines. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour tout renseignement sur la procédure d’envoi.
**Remarque : Beta n’est pas responsable du dédouanement ou des frais de transport des envois internationaux qui ne passent pas par l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition. Les envois organisés par l’intermédiaire d’un transitaire doivent être envoyés selon les [conditions DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) (Rendu Droits Acquittés). L’expéditeur est responsable de la gestion des exigences administratives pour la mainlevée de l’envoi.**
### FAQs:
## [Beta facture-t-il des frais d’annulation ?](#collapseFive1)
Les analyses sont lancées immédiatement après réception des échantillons afin de garantir au mieux les délais annoncés. Cela signifie que des frais sont également encourus dès la réception des échantillons. Les modifications de commande sont acceptées, mais veuillez noter que des frais partiels ou totaux s’appliqueront en fonction de la quantité de travail réalisé au moment de la demande de modification.
## [Combien d’échantillons devons-nous envoyer pour obtenir un rapport ?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic publie un rapport avec un numéro de certificat unique pour chaque échantillon reçu.
Nous n’avons pas de nombre minimum d’échantillons requis. Si vous envoyez des échantillons pour la conformité [réglementaire ou les systèmes d’échange de droits d’émission de gaz](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/determination-biomasse.html) à effet de serre, veuillez consulter les agences gouvernementales concernant la fréquence des analyses et le nombre d’échantillons requis pour chaque période de collecte.
## [Fournissez-vous des sacs Tedlar ?](#collapseSeven)
Non. Vous pouvez acheter des sacs Tedlar auprès de n’importe quel fournisseur.
## [Pouvez-vous venir prélever les échantillons sur site ?](#collapseEight)
Non, l’échantillonnage de gaz ne fait pas partie des services de Beta Analytic.
## [Beta informe-t-il les clients de la date prévue pour la livraison des résultats ?](#collapseNine)
Un représentant Beta vous contactera pour confirmer l’arrivée en toute sécurité de vos échantillons à MIAMI et vous indiquer une date de livraison des résultats. Les délais indiqués commencent le jour suivant la réception au laboratoire de Miami, hors week-ends.
Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour suivant.
## [Est-ce que Beta retourne des échantillons sur demande ?](#collapseTen)
**[Veuillez lire notre politique sur la conservation et le retour des échantillons.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html#collapse10)**
[Questions fréquemment posées – Analyses du carbone renouvelable](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html)
*Dernière mise à jour : mars 2026*
---
### [Envíe sus muestras – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/envio-co2-biogenico.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contáctenos en cualquier momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Contáctenos en cualquier momento"). Respondemos lo antes posible a todas las consultas en horario de oficina (de 8:00 a. m. a 5:00 p. m. EST, de lunes a viernes).
### **Prepare una cantidad suficiente de su muestra.**
## [Muestras de gas – tan poco como 2 cc en una bolsa de colección de gas](#collapseTwo)
Tomar muestras de gas CO2 directamente de las emisiones de la instalación proporcionará el cálculo más preciso del combustible renovable total utilizado. Usted puede enviar al menos 2 cc de CO2 en una bolsa de recolección de gas si la muestra no está diluida. Por favor asegúrese de llenar la bolsa de gas a 3/4 de su capacidad y colocarla en una caja resistente. También recomendamos que tome un duplicado de la muestra en caso de fuga.
Para mayores detalles sobre cómo obtener muestras de gas, consulte la norma [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/astmd7459.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
El laboratorio también acepta muestras de gas almacenadas en tubos de Vacutainer.
## [Neumáticos (SOLO aceptamos muestras desarmadas y trituradas) – al menos 5g (máximo 20g)](#collapse2)
En el caso de llantas, la mejor opción para obtener una muestra representativa es enviar muestras de CO2 (conforme a los lineamientos de muestreo de la norma [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/astmd7459.html "ASTM D7459")). Si no es posible hacerlo, lo importante es tomar una sección transversal de la llanta o de la muestra equivalente que represente la composición total de la llanta. Aunque 5 gramos de llanta es más que suficiente para el análisis [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/astmd6866.html), la cantidad podría no ser representativa de la muestra de llanta.
**Nota: Beta NO aceptará fragmentos de neumáticos para el análisis. Las muestras enviadas deben estar desencordadas y trituradas.**
Muestreo – A menos que se indique lo contrario, el laboratorio divide el material enviado en una cantidad razonable para el método analítico.
## [CDRs, CSRs, residuo sólido urbano, y lodo – al menos 5g de material representativo
del combustible en particular que se analiza (máximo 20g)](#collapse22)
A menos que se indique lo contrario, el laboratorio divide el material enviado en una cantidad razonable para el método analítico. Si existen instrucciones a tener en cuenta para esta división, por favor hable con el laboratorio antes del análisis, ya que sus componentes no son expertos en todos los procesos de fabricación y producción. El cliente es el responsable de ofrecer muestras representativas de su producto.
---
### **Complete el formulario de envío de muestras**
[Formulario de datos de Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Beta Analytic no necesita información que pueda afectar a la confidencialidad de su producto.
---
### **Envíe las muestras y el Formulario de Envío de Muestras a una oficina de Beta Analytic.**
Por favor, incluya la siguiente descripción en la declaración de aduanas: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Estados Unidos, por favor asegúrese de que su empresa de mensajería se haga totalmente responsable de liberar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense. No dude en contactarnos si necesita asistencia con el envío.
**Nota: Beta no es responsable de los costos de despacho o transporte de los envíos internacionales que no se realicen a través de una de nuestras oficinas de envío. Los envíos organizados a través de un agente de carga deben enviarse bajo los [términos del DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). El remitente es responsable de manejar los requisitos administrativos para liberar el envío.**
### Preguntas frecuentes:
## [¿Beta cobra tarifas de cancelación?](#collapseFive1)
Los análisis comienzan inmediatamente después de recibir las muestras para garantizar que cumplimos con la fecha de entrega prometida. Esto significa que los costes del análisis también se inician en cuanto las muestras llegan al laboratorio. Puede solicitar cambios en sus análisis, pero tenga en cuenta que podrían aplicarse costes parciales o totales dependiendo de la fase en la que esté el análisis cuando se solicita el cambio.
## [¿Cuántas muestras debemos enviar para obtener un informe?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic solo publica un informe con un número de certificado único para cada muestra enviada.
No tenemos un número mínimo de muestras requeridas. Si envía muestras de gas para cumplir con una [regulación o como parte de sus compromisos en programas de comercio de emisiones de gases](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/determinacion-biomasa.html) de efecto invernadero, por favor consulte con las agencias reguladoras con qué frecuencia debe realizar el análisis y cuántas muestras son necesarias por cada periodo de recolección.
## [¿Proporcionan bolsas colectoras de gas?](#collapseSeven)
No. Puede comprar bolsas de gas Tedlar de cualquier proveedor.
## [¿Ustedes vienen a recoger las muestras?](#collapseEight)
No, el muestreo de gas no forma parte de los servicios de Beta Analytic.
## [¿Beta informa a sus clientes el tiempo de entrega de los resultados?](#collapseNine)
Un representante de Beta se pondrá en contacto con usted para confirmar la llegada segura de sus muestras y proporcionarle una fecha de entrega de los resultados. El tiempo de entrega indicado empieza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana.
Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente.
## [¿Beta devuelve muestras bajo solicitud?](#collapseTen)
**Por favor, consulte nuestra política sobre retención y devolución de muestras.**
[Preguntas frecuentes – Análisis de carbono renovable](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html)
*Última actualización de la página: Marzo de 2026*
---
### [Senden Sie uns Ihre Proben – ASTM D6866, EN ISO 21644, ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit"). Wir beantworten Anfragen umgehend während der Geschäftszeiten (8:00–17:00 Uhr, Montag–Freitag).
### **Bereiten Sie eine ausreichende Probenmenge vor.**
## [Gasproben – nur 2cm³ in einem Gassammelbeutel](#collapseTwo)
Die Probenahme von CO2-Gas-Emissionen direkt aus einer Anlage liefert die genaueste Berechnung des gesamten verwendeten erneuerbaren Brennstoffs. Wenn die Probe nicht verdünnt ist, reichen 2 ml/cc CO2 in einem Gassammelbeutel für eine Beprobung aus. Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass der Sammelbeutel nur 3/4 voll ist und in einer stabilen Box versandt wird. Wir empfehlen weiterhin, ein Duplikat der Probe zu nehmen und aufzubewahren, falls im Laufe des Transport Gas entweicht.
Weitere Informationen zu der Entnahme von Gasproben finden Sie unter [nachlesen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd7459-2.html "Technique in collecting gas samples from stacks").
Das Labor akzeptiert auch Gasproben, die in Vacutainern aufbewahrt werden.
## [Reifen (wir akzeptieren NUR entdrahtete und geschredderte Proben) – mindestens 5g (maximal 20g)](#collapse2)
Für Reifen ist die beste Möglichkeit, eine repräsentative Probe zu erhalten, die Einsendung von CO2-Proben (Sammelrichtlinien gemäß [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd7459-2.html "ASTM D7459")). Wenn dies nicht möglich ist, ist es wichtig, dass Sie einen Querschnitt des Reifens oder eine gleichwertige Probe entnehmen, die die gesamte Zusammensetzung des Reifens darstellt. Obwohl 5 Gramm Reifen für eine [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd6866.html)-Analyse mehr als ausreichend sind, sind sie möglicherweise nicht repräsentativ für die Reifenprobe.
**HINWEIS: Beta akzeptiert KEINE Reifenstücke zur Analyse. Proben müssen entdrahtet und in zerkleinerter Form eingereicht werden.**
Probenentnahme – Sofern keine anderen Anweisungen vorliegen, werden wir unter Verwendung einer angemessenen Probenmenge für die analytische Methode eine Teilprobe des vorgelegten Materials vornehmen.
## [RDF, SRF, kommunale feste Abfälle, Schlamm – mindestens 5g Material, das für den jeweiligen zu analysierenden Brennstoff repräsentativ ist (maximal 20g) ](#collapse22)
Sofern keine anderen Anweisungen vorliegen, werden wir unter Verwendung einer angemessenen Probenmenge für die analytische Methode eine Teilprobe des vorgelegten Materials vornehmen. Falls jedwede besonderen Anweisungen vorliegen, um sicherzustellen, dass die Teilprobe die Interessen des Kunden bestmöglich gewährleistet, konsultieren Sie das Labor bitte vor der Analyse. Da das Laborfachpersonal keine Experten bezüglich aller Herstellungsprozesse und Produkte sein können, obliegt die Verantwortung bezüglich der Analyse einer repräsentativen Teilprobe dem Kunden / Sender.
---
### **Füllen Sie ein Probenversandformular aus**
[Beta Datenblatt](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
BETA benötigt keine Informationen, die die Vertraulichkeit Ihres Produktes brechen könnten.
---
### **Verschicken Sie die Proben zusammen mit dem Probenversandformular an ein Beta Analytic Büro.**
Verwenden Sie bitte die folgende Kennzeichnung für die Zollerklärung: „Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.” (Karbon NCM Nummer 2803.00 – für wissenschaftliche Studie – wird im Laufe der Analyse vollständig zerstört – ohne Handelswert.)
Der Zoll- und Frachtwert – 1,00 US $
Harmonized Harmonized Tariff Number (HS Code) – 280300
Wenn Sie Proben direkt zu uns in die USA versenden, stellen Sie bitte sicher, dass der gewählte Paketdienst die volle Verantwortung für die Zollabfertigungen übernimmt. Gern können Sie uns für eine Beratung bezüglich des Probenversands kontaktieren.
**Hinweis: Beta ist nicht verantwortlich für die Abfertigungs- oder Transportkosten von internationalen Sendungen, die nicht über eines unserer Speditionsbüros versandt werden. Sendungen, die über eine Spedition arrangiert werden, müssen gemäß den [DDP-Bedingungen](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) versendet werden. Der Versender ist für die Abwicklung der administrativen Anforderungen zur Freigabe der Sendung verantwortlich.**
### FAQ:
## [Erhebt Beta Stornogebühren?](#collapseFive1)
Die Analysen werden sofort nach Erhalt der Proben gestartet, um sicherzustellen, dass wir unsere versprochene Lieferzeit einhalten. Dies bedeutet, dass auch nach Erhalt der Proben bereits Gebühren anfallen. Änderungsaufträge sind willkommen, aber bitte beachten Sie, dass teilweise oder vollständige Gebühren anfallen, je nachdem, wie viel Arbeit zum Zeitpunkt der Änderungsanfrage abgeschlossen wurde.
## [Wie viele Proben müssen wir senden, um einen Bericht zu erhalten?](#collapseSix)
Beta Analytic veröffentlicht einen Bericht mit einer eindeutigen Zertifikatsnummer für jede eingereichte Probe.
Es gibt keine Mindestanzahl für Proben. Wenn Sie Proben zur Einhaltung [gesetzlicher Vorschriften oder zum Handel mit Treibhausgasemissionen einreichen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biomassen-bestimmung.html), wenden Sie sich bezüglich der Testhäufigkeit und der Anzahl der für jede Sammelperiode erforderlichen Proben an die zuständigen Behörden.
## [Stellen Sie Gasbehälter zur Verfügung?](#collapseSeven)
Nein. Sie können Tedlar-Gassäcke bei allen Lieferanten kaufen.
## [Bieten Sie eine Probensammlung vor Ort an?](#collapseEight)
Nein, die Gasprobenahme gehört nicht zu den Dienstleistungen von Beta Analytic.
## [Wird Beta Kunden informieren, wann die Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind?](#collapseNine)
Ein Beta-Vertreter wird sich mit Ihnen in Verbindung setzen, um die sichere Ankunft Ihrer Proben in MIAMI zu bestätigen und Ihnen einen Liefertermin für die Ergebnisse mitzuteilen. Unsere angegebene Bearbeitungszeit beginnt einen Tag nach Eingang im Labor in Miami, ausgenommen Wochenenden.
Nach 15 Uhr EST werden die Proben am folgenden Tag im System angemeldet.
## [Kann Beta auf Anfrage Proben zurücksenden?](#collapseTen)
**Bitte lesen Sie unsere Richtlinie zur Probenaufbewahrung und -rückgabe.**
[Häufig gestellte Fragen – Prüfung des erneuerbaren Kohlenstoffs](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/faq.html)
*Letzte Aktualisierung der Seite: März 2026*
---
### [Ready to submit waste-derived fuels for biogenic content testing?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biogenic-waste-fuels/shipping.html)
**Published:** February 9, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# How to submit waste-derived fuels for biogenic content testing
1
## Prepare sufficient samples in suitable containers
Waste-Derived Fuel
Municipal solid waste (MSW), refuse-derived fuel (RDF), tire-derived fuel (TDF), sewage sludge
Required Sample Size
at least 5 grams (20 grams max)
Tires
at least 5 grams (20 grams max) of dewired and shredded tires
SGS Beta will NOT accept tire fragments for analysis.
**Required Container:** Ziploc bags
**Sampling:**
**MSW, RDF, Sewage sludge –** Unless otherwise instructed, we will subsample the submitted material in a quantity reasonable for the analytical method.
**Tires –** The best option to get a representative sample is to [submit their CO2 emissions.](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html) If this is not possible, you can take a cross section of the tire or the equivalent sample that represents the entire composition.
2
## Submit a data sheet online
#### Fill out the correct submission form
Use our [CO2 Emissions & Waste Fuels” form.](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=en_US)
#### SGS Beta’s services for waste-delivered fuel submitters
**Standard Service** – results are reported in 7 business days or less
**Priority Service** – 4 business days or less
3
## Ship your parcel to Miami or to any of our forwarding offices
[SGS Beta’s complete address and list of forwarding offices (UK, Europe, China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
For shipping instructions to one of our international forwarding offices, [contact](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html) us before sending your samples. When sending packages to Miami, choose a shipping company that takes full responsibility to clear the package with US customs.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
SGS Beta sends emails to clients confirming receipt of samples in Miami and to quote a turnaround time, which starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends. The lab’s cut-off time is 3:00 PM EST. All samples delivered after the cut-off time will be logged the next business day.
Please read our FAQ page for more information, e.g [customs declaration](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen17), [is it better to send CO2 gas or solid samples?](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapse20)
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for biogenic carbon testing of any waste-derived fuels.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: March 2026
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Analisi di prodotti biobased
Per misurare la percentuale di carbonio biobased rispetto alla percentuale di carbonio fossile in qualsiasi prodotto
[Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## Cosa significa “biobased”?
Secondo la definizione inclusa nella norma analitica [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html), “biobased” significa contenente carbonio organico di origine rinnovabile, come i materiali di origine agricola, vegetale, animale, forestale, fungina o microbica, derivati da organismi che vivono in un ambiente naturale in equilibrio con l’atmosfera.
I materiali biobased derivano completamente o parzialmente da biomassa. Il test del contenuto biobased mediante analisi del carbonio-14 viene utilizzato per misurare la quantità di carbonio derivato da biomassa sul [carbonio organico totale (TOC) o sul carbonio totale (TC)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Poiché il carbonio-14 è presente solo negli organismi viventi o morti in tempi recenti, l’analisi del carbonio-14 con la tecnica della spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS) è il metodo più efficace per determinare la quantità di [carbonio biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/biomassa.html) rispetto a quello derivato dal petrolio in una materia prima o in un prodotto finito.
## Per misurare di carbonio biobased
L’ASTM D6866 distingue tra carbonio moderno, derivato da biomassa, e quello derivato da combustibili fossili. La biomassa contiene una certa quantità di carbonio-14 che la rende facilmente distinguibile da altri materiali, come i combustibili fossili, che non contengono carbonio-14. Dal momento che la quantità di carbonio-14 presente nella biomassa è nota, la percentuale di carbonio derivato da risorse rinnovabili è facilmente calcolabile sul carbonio TOTALE del campione.
### Misura il contenuto biobased dei tuoi prodotti con il metodo del carbonio-14 per:
- Convalidare le tue dichiarazioni sul contenuto biobased
- Provare la conformità dei prodotti a una normativa oppure ottenere una [certificazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/etichette-ecologiche-astm-d6866.html)
- Ricevere dati precisi da utilizzare a scopo di marketing o in fase di ricerca e sviluppo
### Norme analitiche per l’analisi del carbonio biobased
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [e altre](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/standard-analisi.html)
- La percentuale biobased può essere espressa come frazione del contenuto di carbonio totale (TC) o carbonio organico totale (TOC).
### Servizi di analisi del contenuto biobased di SGS Beta
- Servizio Standard: risultati pronti entro 7 giorni lavorativi
- Servizio Priority: risultati pronti entro 4 giorni lavorativi
Hai dei campioni da analizzare? [Leggi la nostra guida.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866-05-spedizione.html)
Approfondimenti
#### Contatta il laboratorio per trovare la soluzione più adatta alle tue esigenze.
[Contattaci](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
Ultimo aggiornamento: ottobre 2024
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# 生質產品測試
測量任何產品中的生質碳百分比與化石碳百分比
[取得報價](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## 「生質」是什麼意思？
「生質」是指含有可再生來源的有機碳，例如生活在自然環境中的農業、植物、動物、真菌、微生物、海洋或林業物質。根據[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html)分析標準，與大氣達到平衡。
生質材料全部或部分來自生物質資源。透過碳-14分析進行的生質測試用於測量生物質衍生的碳量與其[總有機碳 (TOC) 或總碳 (TC) 含量](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)的比較。由於碳-14僅存在於現生或最近生產的材料中，因此對產品進行加速器質譜 (AMS)的碳-14測試是確定生質碳含量相對於原始材料或任何終產品的石油衍生碳含量來說，最有效的方法。
## 測量生質碳
ASTM D6866 可辨別哪些碳是來自於現代的生物質碳，而哪些又是來自於石化的碳。生物質含有大量明確的碳14，很容易與其他材料，例如不含任何碳14的化石燃料區分開來。由於生物質中碳 14的含量是已知的，因此可以從樣品中的總有機碳中輕鬆計算出來自可再生來源的碳百分比。
### 以碳-14分析量化產品的生質含量：
- 驗證您的生質聲明
- 出於監管或[認證目](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)的確定產品的生質含量
- 在您的行銷策略和研發中使用精確的生質碳百分比結果
### 生質測試報告標準
- ASTM D6866、ISO 16620-2、EN 16640 [等](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/test-standards.html)。
- 生質百分比可以表示為產品的總碳(TC)或總有機(TOC)中碳含量的分數。
### SGS Beta實驗室的生質含量測試服務
- 標準服務 – 在14個工作日或更短的時間內交付報告結果
- 極速服務 – 4 個工作天或更短時間
準備好提交樣品進行測試了嗎? [請閱讀我們的指南。](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
了解更多
#### 聯絡我們，找到滿足您生質碳檢測需求的最佳解決方案。
[聯絡我們](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
最後更新: 2024年10月
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# バイオベース製品試験
製品に含まれるバイオベース炭素の割合と化石由来炭素の割合の測定
[お見積もり](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## “バイオベース”とは？
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)規格による”バイオベース”とは、自然環境中の大気と平衡状態にある再生可能な有機炭素を含むものを指します。具体的には、農産物、植物、動物、菌類、微生物、海洋資源、または森林資源などがこれに該当します。
バイオベース材料は、その全部または一部がバイオマス資源に由来します。炭素14分析によるバイオベース試験は、[全有機炭素（TOC）または全炭素（TC）含有量](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/organic-carbon.html)に対する、バイオマス由来の炭素量を測定するために使用されます。炭素14は現存のもしくは、最近まで生きていた物質にのみ存在するため、加速器質量分析法（AMS）を用いた炭素14試験は、原料や最終製品に含まれるバイオベース炭素と石油由来炭素の比を測定するための最も効果的な方法です。
## バイオベース炭素の測定
ASTM D6866 は、現在のバイオマスに由来する炭素と、化石由来の炭素とを区別します。 化石燃料由来の炭素は放射性炭素(C14)を含まないので、バイオマス由来炭素との区別が容易に可能です。 バイオマス由来の炭素の放射性炭素(C14)濃度が既知であれば、製品に含まれる放射性炭素(C14)濃度を測定することによってバイオマス由来炭素の比率が算出可能です。
### 炭素14分析による製品のバイオベース含有量の定量化：
- バイオベースの主張を検証する
- 規制や認証を目的とした製品のバイオベース含有量の決定
- 正確なバイオベース炭素比(%)の結果をマーケティング戦略や研究開発に活用する
### バイオベース試験報告基準
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [など](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/test-standards.html)
- バイオベース比は、製品のTCまたはTOC含有量に対する割合として表されます。
### ベータ・アナリティック社のバイオベース濃度試験サービス
- Standardサービス – 結果は14営業日以内に報告されます。
- Priorityサービス – 4営業日以内
テストのためのサンプル提出の準備について[ガイドラインをお読みください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
さらに詳しく
#### バイオベース炭素試験の最適なソリューションを見つけるために、お気軽にお問い合わせください。
[ご連絡ください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
最終更新日: 2024年10月
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# 바이오기반 제품 실험
모든 제품에서 % Bio 기반 탄소 vs % 화석 탄소 측정하기
[견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## “바이오 기반”은 무슨 뜻인가요?
“바이오기반”은 자연 환경에 서식하는 농업, 식물, 동물, 균류, 미생물, 해양 또는 임업 재료와 같은 재생 가능한 유기 탄소를 포함하는 것을 의미합니다. [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 분석 표준에 따르면, 대기와 평형.
바이오기반 물질은 바이오매스 자원의 전부 또는 일부에서 추출합니다. 탄소-14 분석에 의한 바이오기반 실험은 [총 유기 탄소 (TOC) 또는 총 탄소 (TC) 함량](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) 대비 바이오매스 유래 탄소의 함량을 측정하는 데 사용됩니다. 탄소-14는 살아 있거나 최근에 죽은 물질에만 존재하기 때문에, 가속기 질량 분석법 (AMS)을 이용한 탄소- 14 실험 은 원료나 최종 제품에서 석유 유래 탄소와 달리 [바이오기반 탄소의](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/biomass.html) 햠량을 측정하는 가장 효과적인 방법입니다.
## 모든 제품에서 Bio 기반 탄소 측정하기
ASTM D6866은 바이오 매스 물질의 탄소와 화석 연료 물질의 탄소를 정확하게 구별해 냅니다. 바이오 매스는 일정량의 방사성탄소 (C14)를 가지고 있는 반면에 화석 연료는 방사성탄소를 전혀 가지고 있지 않다는 원리로 인해 쉽게 구별할 수 있습니다. 이렇게 바이오 매스에 있는 방사성탄소의 함량을 알 수 있기 때문에 샘플의 재생 가능한 탄소의 %를 전체 탄소에서 계산해 낼 수 있습니다.
### 탄소-14 분석에 의한 바이오기반 함량 측정 이유는:
- 바이오기반 주장 검증하기
- 규제 또는 [인증 목적을](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html) 위해 제품의 바이오기반 함량 측정하기
- 마케팅 전략 및 R&D에 정확한 바이오기반 탄소 함량 사용하기
### 바이오기반 실험 보고 표준 방식들
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [및등등](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/test-standards.html)
- 바이오기반 함량 비율은 TC 또는 TOC 함량의 비율로 표현됩니다.
### SGS Beta 연구소의 바이오기반스 함량 실험 서비스
- 일반 서비스 – 7 영업일 이내 결과 보고.
- 특급 서비스 – 4 영업일 이내 결과 보고.
시료 제출 준비하기? [안내서를 읽습니다. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
추가 내용
#### 바이오기반 탄소 분석 요구사항에 대한 최선의 방법 찾기.
[연락하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
최신 업데이트: 2024년 10월
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Análises de produtos biobaseados
Medição de % de carbono biobaseado e % de carbono fóssil em qualquer produto
[Faça um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## O que significa “biobaseado”?
O carbono “biobaseado” é o carbono orgânico de origem renovável, como em materiais agropecuários, vegetais, animais, de fungos, de microrganismos, marinhos ou florestais que vivem num ambiente natural em equilíbrio com a atmosfera, de acordo com a norma analítica [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html).
Os materiais biobaseados são derivados, no todo ou em parte, de recursos de biomassa. A análise de teor biobaseado por carbono-14 é usada para medir a quantidade de carbono derivado de biomassa em comparação com seu conteúdo de carbono [orgânico total (TOC) ou carbono total (TC)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Como o carbono-14 só está presente em material vivo ou recentemente expirado, a análise por carbono-14 com espectrometria de massas com aceleradores (AMS) é o método mais eficaz para determinar a quantidade de [carbono biobaseado](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biomassa.html) em oposição ao carbono derivado do petróleo em matérias-primas ou em qualquer produto final.
## Medição de carbono biobaseado
O método ASTM D6866 distingue o carbono resultante de insumos contemporâneos à base de biomassa do carbono derivado de insumos de origem fóssil. A biomassa contém uma quantidade bem caracterizada de carbono 14 que é facilmente diferenciada de outros materiais, tais como os combustíveis fósseis que não contêm carbono 14. Uma vez que é conhecida a quantidade de carbono 14 na biomassa, uma porcentagem de carbono derivado de fontes renováveis pode ser facilmente calculada a partir do carbono orgânico TOTAL contido na amostra.
### Algumas vantagens de quantificar o teor biobaseado de um produto por meio da análise são:
- Validar a declaração de que um produto é de biomassa
- Determinar o teor biobaseado do produto para fins regulatórios ou de [certificação](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/rotulos-ecologicos-astm-d6866.html)
- Usar resultados precisos de % de carbono biobaseado em estratégias de marketing e P&D
### Normas aplicadas aos resultados
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [e mais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/normas-de-analises.html)
- A porcentagem biobaseada pode ser expressa como uma fracção do teor de TC ou TOC do produto.
### Serviços analíticos do SGS Beta
- Standard – os resultados são reportados em até 7 dias úteis
- Priority – até 4 dias úteis
Pronto para analisar amostras? [Leia nossas recomendações.](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)
EXPLORAR MAIS
#### Entre em contato para encontrar as melhores soluções para suas necessidades de testes de carbono de origem biológica.
[Fale Conosco](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
Última atualização da página: outubro de 2024
---
### [Traditional Chinese Homepage](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/index.html)
**Published:** December 2, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Beta Analyticについて](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
米国フロリダ州マイアミに本社を置くBeta Analyticは、ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定を受けた試験機関です。世界のトップ企業、政府機関、研究者向けにバイオベースド濃度試験、再生可能炭素濃度試験を提供しています。
Beta Analyticは1979年の設立以来、放射性炭素(C14)分析の世界的なリーダーで、これまで比類なき専門家たちが様々な試料の分析を行ってきました。Beta Analytic社は加速器質量分析[(AMS)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/jp/accelerator-mass-spectrometry.htm "Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)")によって全ての試験を行っています。 加速器質量分析(AMS)は最も正確度、精度の高い分析方法です。
2000年代前半、Beta AnalyticはASTM D6866標準化にあたってのシニアアドバイザーに選定されました。ASTM D6866とは、放射性炭素年代測定法を利用した固体・液体・気体試料中の生物起源炭素濃度を決定する標準規格です。
2008年以来、Beta Analyticは毎年ISO17025認定機関ペリージョンソンラボラトリーアクレディテーション（PJLA）によってISO/IEC 17025:2017の認定を受けています。この認定は、技術的に確かな結果をコンスタントに提供するために必要な技術的優位性そしてマネジメントシステムが試験所に構築されているということを保証するものです。
---
### [Beta Analytic 연구소 소개](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
미국 플로리다 주의 마이애미에 위치한 Beta 연구소는 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 실험 연구소로 전세계 정부 기관, 인증 기관, 그리고 과학자와 연구원들에게 바이오 매스 함량/재생 탄소 함량 측정 서비스를 제공합니다.
Beta 연구소는 1979년 이래로 방사선탄소 측정 분야의 선두 업체로서 다양하고 복잡한 시료를 분석하는데 타의 추종을 불허하는 기술력을 가지고 있습니다. 또한 정밀성과 정확성 측면에서 가장 앞선 가속질량분석기 [(Accelerator Mass Spectrometry)](https://www.radiocarbon.com/korean/accelerator-mass-spectrometry.htm "Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)"))를 사용합니다.
2000년대 초, Beta 연구소는 바이오 기원 탄소와 화석 연료 기원 탄소 함량을 측정하는데 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 적용한 실험 방법인 ASTM D6866의 표준화 작업에 선임 고문으로 참여한 이래로 정확한 측정과 기술적 지원과 더불어 세계 각국의 바이오 매스 표준화 작업에 고문으로 참여하고 있습니다.
2008년 이후 BETA 연구소는 매년 Perry Johnson Laboratory의 인증 절차에 따라 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 취득하고 있으며, 이 인증은 기술적으로 일관된 결과를 제공하는데 필요한 기술적 완성도와 관리 시스템을 가졌다는 것을 증명합니다.
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### [Sobre Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Com sede em Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic é acreditado pela norma ISO / IEC 17025: 2005, fornecendo medições de conteúdo de base biológica e de carbono renováveis para as agências principais do governo, organizações comerciais, cientistas e engenheiros.
Beta Analytic tem sido a líder mundial em medições de Carbono-14 desde 1979 e tem experiência inigualável na análise de amostras complexas. O laboratório utiliza a tecnologia [Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/portugues/acelerador-massa-espectrometria.htm "Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)") para todas as análises, dando a precisão mais avançada e exata.
No início de 2000, BETA foi selecionado para ser conselheiro sênior durante a padronização de ASTM D6866, um método que emprega a tecnologia de datação por radiocarbono para determinar a origem de base biológica ou fóssil de carbono em amostras sólidas, líquidas e gasosas.
Desde 2008, BETA tem sido anualmente premiado com a acreditação ISO / IEC 17025: 2005 por Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, uma garantia de que o laboratório tem os sistemas de competências de gestão e técnicas necessárias para produzir resultados tecnicamente válidos de forma consistente.
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### [Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
l laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Beta Analytic, con sede a Miami, Florida, fornisce misurazioni del carbonio biobased/rinnovabile ad agenzie governative, organizzazioni commerciali, scienziati e ingegneri.
Beta Analytic è il leader mondiale nella misurazione del carbonio-14 dal 1979 e ha un’esperienza ineguagliata nell’analisi di campioni complessi. Il laboratorio usa la [spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/spettrometro-di-massa-con-acceleratore.htm "spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS)") per tutte le analisi, fornendo così massima precisione e accuratezza.
All’inizio degli anni 2000, BETA è stata selezionata come senior advisor per la standardizzazione del metodo ASTM D6866, che utilizza la tecnologia della datazione al carbonio per determinare l’origine rinnovabile o fossile del carbonio in campioni liquidi, solidi e gassosi.
Dal 2008, BETA ha ricevuto ogni anno la certificazione ISO/IEC 17025:2017 da Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, una garanzia che il laboratorio possiede la competenza tecnica e i sistemi di gestione necessari a fornire risultati validi dal punto di vista tecnico.
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### [A propos de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic, dont le siège se trouve à Miami, en Floride, est un laboratoire d’analyses accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 qui fournit des mesures du contenu biosourcé/carbone renouvelable pour les plus grandes agences gouvernementales, des organisations commerciales, des scientifiques et des ingénieurs.
Beta Analytic est le leader mondial en mesures Carbone-14 depuis 1979 et a une expertise inégalée dans l’analyse d’échantillons complexes. Le laboratoire utilise la technologie de la [spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/francais/spectrometrie-acceleration-masse.htm "spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS)") pour toutes ces analyses, afin d’obtenir la meilleure précision et exactitude possible.
Au début des années 2000, BETA a été sélectionné pour être conseiller principal lors de l’élaboration de la norme ASTM D6866, une méthode qui utilise la technique de datation au radiocarbone pour déterminer le carbone d’origine biosourcée ou fossile dans tout échantillon solide, liquide ou gazeux.
Depuis 2008, BETA a vu son accréditation ISO/IEC 17025:2017 être renouvelée chaque année par le laboratoire d’accréditation Perry Johnson, accréditation qui garantit que le laboratoire possède les compétences techniques et systèmes de gestion requis pour produire des résultats techniquement valides en tout temps.
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### [Sobre Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic es un laboratorio de análisis certificado con la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 que proporciona mediciones del contenido de carbono renovable/de origen biológico a las mejores agencias gubernamentales, empresas comerciales, científicos e ingenieros.
Beta Analytic es el líder en mediciones de C14 desde 1979 y tiene una experiencia sin igual analizando muestras complejas. El laboratorio utiliza la tecnología de [Espectrometría de Masas con Aceleradores (AMS por sus siglas en inglés)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/espanol/acelerador-masa-espectrometria.htm "Espectrometría de Masas con Aceleradores (AMS por sus siglas en inglés)") para todos sus análisis, ofreciendo la mayor precisión y exactitud en sus resultados.
A principio de este siglo, BETA fue seleccionado como asesor sénior durante la estandarización de la norma ASTM D6866, un método que emplea la tecnología de la datación por radiocarbono para determinar el origen biológico o fósil del carbono en muestras sólidas, líquidas y gaseosas.
Desde 2008, BETA ha sido renovando su certificación de la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017 con Perry Johnson Laboratory Acceditation, una garantía de que el laboratorio cuenta con la competencia técnica y los sistemas de gestión requeridos para proporcionar resultados válidos con coherencia.
---
### [Über Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/index.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Das in Miami, Florida, ansässige Labor Beta Analytic ist eine ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditierte Prüfeinrichtung, die führenden gewerblichen Organisationen, Regierungsbehörden, Wissenschaftlern und Technikern Analysen des biobasierten Anteils / Kohlenstoffs aus erneuerbaren Quellen liefert.
Seit 1979 ist Beta Analytic der weltweite Marktführer im Bereich Karbon-14 Messungen, daher verfügt das Labor über unübertroffene Fachkompetenz bei der Untersuchung komplexer Proben. Beta Analytic setzt bei allen [Analysen die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS)](http://www.radiocarbon.com/deutsch/massen-beschleunigung-spektrometrie.htm "Analysen die Massenbeschleuniger Spektrometrie (AMS)") Technologie ein, um fortschrittlichste Präzision sowie Genauigkeit sicherzustellen.
Beta wurde im Rahmen der Formulierung der ASTM D6866 Norm als Senior Berater ausgewählt; die Norm definiert die Verwendung der Radiokarbondatierung für die Bestimmung von Kohlenstoff aus biobasierten vs. fossilen Quellen in festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Proben.
Seit 2008 wird Beta jährlich mit der ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Akkreditierung ausgezeichnet, diese wird von Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation vergeben und gilt als Garantie dafür, dass das Labor die nötigen technischen Kompetenzen und Management Systeme aufweist, um konstant technisch gültige Ergebnisse bereitzustellen.
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Analyse de produits biosourcés
Mesurer le % de carbone biosourcé par rapport au % de carbone fossile dans n’importe quel produit
[Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## Que signifie le terme « biosourcé » ?
« Biosourcé » désigne le carbone organique d’origine renouvelable comme les matières agricoles, végétales, animales, fongiques, micro-organismes, marines ou forestières vivant dans un environnement naturel en équilibre avec l’atmosphère, conformément à la norme analytique [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html).
Les matériaux biosourcés sont dérivés en totalité ou en partie de la biomasse. L’analyse du carbone 14 permet de mesurer la quantité de carbone dérivé de la biomasse par rapport à sa [teneur en carbone organique total (COT) ou en carbone total (CT)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Le carbone 14 n’étant présent que dans les organismes vivants ou récemment morts, l’analyse du carbone 14 par spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (SMA) est la méthode la plus efficace pour déterminer la quantité de [carbone d’origine biosourcée](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biomasse.html) par rapport au carbone dérivé du pétrole dans les matières premières ou dans les produits finis.
## Mesurer le de carbone biosourcé
L’ASTM D6866 distingue le carbone résultant des apports de matériaux contemporains, à base de biomasse de ceux issus de matériaux fossiles. La biomasse contient une quantité caractéristique de carbone 14, qui se distingue aisément des autres matériaux, tels que les combustibles fossiles qui ne contiennent pas de carbone 14. La quantité de carbone 14 dans la biomasse étant connue, le pourcentage de carbone provenant de sources renouvelables peut être aisément calculé à partir du carbone TOTAL contenu dans l’échantillon ainsi analysé.
### Quantifier le contenu biosourcé des produits par l’analyse du carbone 14 pour :
- Valider vos revendications biosourcées
- Déterminer le contenu biosourcé des produits à des fins de réglementation ou de [certification](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)
- Utiliser les résultats précis du % de carbone biosourcé pour vos stratégies de marketing et de R&D.
### Normes de rapport sur les analyses biosourcées
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [et plus](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/normes-analyse.html)
- Le pourcentage de produits biosourcés peut être exprimé comme une fraction de la teneur en CT ou en COT.
### Services d’analyse du contenu biosourcé de SGS Beta
- Service standard – les résultats sont communiqués en 7 jours ouvrés ou moins
- Service prioritaire – 4 jours ouvrables ou moins
Vous êtes prêt à envoyer vos échantillons pour analyse ? [Lisez nos directives.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/envoi-astm-d6866-05.html)
EN SAVOIR PLUS
#### Contactez-nous afin d’identifier les solutions les plus adaptées à vos besoins en analyses de carbone biosourcé.
[Contactez-nous](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
Dernière mise à jour : octobre 2024
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Análisis de contenido de origen biológico
Determinación del % de carbono de origen biológico frente al % de carbono fósil en cualquier producto.
[Solicitar presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## ¿Qué significa “origen biológico”?
“Biobasado”: que contiene carbono orgánico de origen renovable como materiales agrícolas, vegetales, animales, hongos, microorganismos, marinos o forestales que viven en un entorno natural en equilibrio con la atmósfera, según la norma analítica [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html).
Los productos biobasados proceden total o parcialmente de origen biológico. El análisis de origen biológico mediante el carbono-14 se utiliza para medir la cantidad de carbono derivado de biomasa en comparación con su [contenido de carbono orgánico total (TOC) o carbono total (TC)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html). Dado que el carbono-14 sólo está presente en organismos vivos o material recientemente caducado, el análisis del carbono-14 utilizando espectrometría de masas con acelerador (AMS) es el método más eficaz para determinar la cantidad de [carbono de origen biológico](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biomasa.html) frente al carbono derivado de petróleo, en materias primas o en producto final.
## Determinación del de carbono de origen biológico
El método ASTM D6866 distingue el carbono resultante de insumos contemporáneos derivados de biomasa y el carbono derivado de insumos de origen fósil. La biomasa contiene una cantidad bien caracterizada de carbono 14 que es fácilmente diferenciada de otros materiales, como los combustibles fósiles que no contienen carbono 14. Cuando se conoce la cantidad de carbono 14 en la biomasa, un porcentaje de carbono derivado de fuentes renovables puede ser fácilmente calculado a partir del carbono TOTAL presente en la muestra.
### ¿Por qué cuantificar el contenido biológico de los productos mediante el análisis del carbono-14?
- Valide sus afirmaciones sobre productos de origen biológico.
- Determine el contenido biológico de los productos con fines normativos o para aplicar a una [certificación](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/rotulos-ecologicos-astm-d6866.html).
- Utilice los resultados precisos del porcentaje de carbono de origen biológico en sus estrategias de marketing y para fines de Investigación y Desarrollo.
### Normas analíticas del análisis de origen biológico
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640, [y más](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/normas-de-analisis.html)
- El porcentaje de origen biológico puede expresarse como una fracción del contenido de carbono total o carbono orgánico total del producto.
### SGS Beta – Servicios de análisis de origen biológico
- Servicio estándar – los resultados se entregan en 7 días laborables o menos
- Servicio prioritario – 4 días laborables o menos
¿Está listo para analizar sus productos de origen biológico? [Consulte las instrucciones de envío.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866-05-envio.html)
DESCUBRA MÁS
#### Póngase en contacto con nosotros para encontrar las mejores soluciones para sus necesidades de análisis de carbono biobasado.
[Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
Última actualización de la página: octubre de 2024
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Biobasierte Produkt-Tests
Messung des % biobasierten Kohlenstoffs im Vergleich zum % fossilen Kohlenstoffs in jedem Produkt
[Ein Angebot Erhalten](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## Was bedeutet „biobasiert“?
„Biobasiert“ bedeutet, dass es organischen Kohlenstoff aus erneuerbarem Ursprung, wie landwirtschaftliche, pflanzliche, tierische, Pilze, Mikroorganismen, Meeres- oder forstwirtschaftliche Materialien enthält, die in einer natürlichen Umgebung im Gleichgewicht mit der Atmosphäre gemäß der [Analysenorm ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html) leben.
Biobasierte Materialien werden ganz oder teilweise aus Biomasse gewonnen. Biobasierte Tests mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse werden verwendet, um die Menge an aus Biomasse gewonnenem Kohlenstoff im Vergleich zum [gesamten organischen Kohlenstoff (TOC) oder Gesamtkohlenstoffgehalt (TC)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) zu messen. Da Kohlenstoff-14 nur in lebendem oder kürzlich verstorbenem Material vorhanden ist, ist die Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse mittels Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS) die effektivste Methode, um die Menge an [biobasiertem Kohlenstoff](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/biomasse.html) im Gegensatz zu aus Erdöl gewonnenem Kohlenstoff in Rohstoffen oder einem Endprodukt zu bestimmen.
## Messung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffs
ASTM D6866 unterscheidet Kohlenstoffe resultierend von heutigen biomassenbasierenden Beiträgen von denjenigen, die von fossilen basierenden Beiträgen, abgeleitet wurden. Biomassen beinhalten eine gut-charakterisierte Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14, welche leicht von anderen Materialien, wie zum Beispiel fossilen Brennstoffen, die keinen Kohlenstoff 14 beinhalten, zu unterscheiden sind. Seitdem die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in Biomassen bekannt ist, kann der Prozentanteil von Kohlenstoff von erneuerbaren Quellen, einfach von dem GESAMTEN Kohlenstoff in der Probe, berechnet werden.
### Quantifizieren Sie den biobasierten Gehalt von Produkten mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analysen, um:
- Ihre biobasierten Claims zu validieren
- Den biobasierten Anteil von Produkten für regulatorische oder [Zertifizierungszwecke](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/oekolabel-astm-d6866.html) zu bestimmen.
- Präzise Ergebnisse über den Anteil biobasierter Kohlenstoffe in Ihren Marketingstrategien und Ihrer Forschung und Entwicklung zu nutzen.
### Prüfnormen für biobasierte Tests
- ASTM D6866, ISO 16620-2, EN 16640 [und weitere](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/pruefstandards.html)
- Der biobasierte Anteil kann als Bruchteil des TC- oder TOC-Gehalts des Produkts ausgedrückt werden.
### SGS Beta Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils
- Standard-Service – Ergebnisse werden innerhalb von 7 Werktagen oder weniger gemeldet
- Priority-Service – 4 Werktage oder weniger
Sie möchten Proben zum Testen einsenden? [Lesen Sie unsere Richtlinien](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866-05-lieferung.html)
MEHR ENTDECKEN
#### Nehmen Sie Kontakt auf, um die besten Lösungen für Ihre Tests von biobasiertem Kohlenstoff zu finden.
[Kontaktieren Sie uns](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html)
Letzte Aktualisierung: Oktober 2024
---
### [給需要生質含量測試的鞋類製造商的重要提示](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/tips-biobased-content-testing-shoes.html)
**Published:** August 22, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
ISO 17025認證的Beta實驗室自2004年起提供生質含量測試服務。做為實驗室，我們幫助[Reebok](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-biobased-shoes/)和其他品牌驗證了他們的植物衍生材料。結果的使用、樣本類型和截止日期是測試前要考慮的三個因素。
照片來源: Reebok
## **向實驗室告知您將如何使用測試結果**
您在生產的各個階段都可以使用生質含量測試。您是否正在檢查供應商的生質聲明以進行品質控制和保證？您是否需要出於研究和開發目的進行測試？或者您需要將結果做為[生態標籤(認證)計劃](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/ecolabels-astm-d6866.html)申請的一部分提交出去？
為公司內部目的（研發、品管）提交一個樣品進行測量是可以的。點擊[這裡](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)取得我們的送樣指南。
如果您打算申請**生態標籤(認證)**, 請先諮詢該計劃(認證)單位。每個認證可能會要求您提交特定數量的樣本。此外，他們也會規定要在何時何地進行測試。例如，美國農業部(USDA)要求在測試前須先申請並同意加入[生物優先計劃](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)。即使您已經有申請號，美國農業部也不接受任何事先獲得的生質含量測試結果。該單位將只接受經過批准的實驗室。
不同的認證有不同的分析標準。歐洲的生態標籤必須使用歐洲標準化委員會制定的標準。歐洲以外的認證通常使用ASTM或ISO標準。
[USDA生物優先計畫](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/)的鞋類應用要求[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html)測試。日本[生態標章(Eco Mark)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html)接受在鞋類方面使用ASTM D6866及[ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/iso-16620.html)測試。TÜV AUSTRIA的[OK Biobased認證](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/ok-biobased.html)使用[EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/cen-16640.html) 標準.
## **決定測量材料**
您要發送鞋類部件還是整隻鞋子進行測試？
**生質含量測試**的亮點在於它適用於固體、液體甚至氣體。這意味著我們可以測試泡棉、鞋底、紡織品、橡膠、黏合劑，甚至產品的包裝。請在寄出整隻鞋子之前聯絡實驗室。我們需要多色部件的說明。
在寄出申請生態標籤(認證)的樣品之前，請先諮詢該計劃(認證)單位。他們可能有針對原物料和成品的抽樣指南。
## **選擇一個可以幫助您按時完成任務的實驗室。**
在Beta實驗室，我們可以幫助您按時完成任務。我們整年度都有數台機器運作和訓練有素的員工。在佛羅里達州邁阿密的實驗室收到您的樣品後，我們將提供報告發佈的日期。
您可以選擇以下兩種服務:
- 標準服務(14個工作天或更短的時間內發佈報告)
- 優先服務(4個工作天或更短的時間內發佈報告)
優先服務不適用於複雜樣品。
無論您身在何處，都可以隨時查看您的結果。Beta實驗室的客戶網站24小時開放。
我們的技術經理也歡迎您在分析之前、期間和之後進行討論。我們提供免費諮詢。
### **準備好提交樣品進行測試了嗎？**
[取得報價**](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
[填寫申請加入以接收即將舉行的網絡研討會和其他行業更新的新聞。](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/newsletter-subscription.html)
此文章發表於2022年6月8日星期三，歸類於[生質產品](https://www.betalabservices.com/category/biobased-products/)。
---
### [Consigli importanti per i produttori di calzature interessati all'analisi del contenuto biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/consigli-calzature-contenuto-biobased.html)
**Published:** August 22, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Il laboratorio di Beta Analytic, accreditato ISO 17025, effettua test del contenuto biobased dal 2004 e ha supportato [Reebok](https://www.betalabservices.com/reebok-biobased-shoes/) e molti altri brand con l’analisi e la verifica dei loro materiali di origine vegetale. Lo scopo dell’analisi, il tipo di materiale e le eventuali scadenze sono tre fattori da considerare prima di richiedere un test.
Crediti foto: Reebok
## **Segnalate al laboratorio come prevedete di utilizzare i risultati**
L’analisi del contenuto biobased può essere d’aiuto in diverse fasi del processo di produzione. Volete verificare le dichiarazioni dei vostri fornitori per controllo qualità? Avete bisogno di dati certi nella fase di ricerca e sviluppo? O siete interessati a partecipare a un [programma di etichettatura ecologica](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/etichette-ecologiche-astm-d6866.html)?
Se il risultato verrà usato internamente, ad esempio per ricerca e sviluppo o per integrare il processo di controllo qualità, è sufficiente inviare e misurare un singolo campione. Fate clic [qui](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866-05-spedizione.html) per consultare le nostre linee guida.
Se intendete partecipare a un programma di **certificazione**, il primo passo è contattare l’ente certificatore. Ogni programma ha regole specifiche sul numero di campioni da analizzare e su quando e dove effettuare i test. Ad esempio, per partecipare al programma [BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) è necessario ricevere l’approvazione dello USDA prima di inviare i campioni. Lo USDA non accetta i risultati ottenuti prima dell’approvazione, nemmeno se è già stato emesso un numero di richiesta (application number). Questa agenzia ammette solo i risultati prodotti da uno dei suoi laboratori approvati.
Diversi programmi richiedono l’uso di norme analitiche differenti. Gli enti europei utilizzano le norme sviluppate dal Comitato europeo di normazione, mentre quelli extraeuropei utilizzano solitamente le norme ASTM o ISO.
Per partecipare al programma [USDA BioPreferred](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/), ai produttori di calzature è richiesto di effettuare un test con [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html). Il programma giapponese [Eco Mark](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/eco-mark.html) accetta report conformi alle norme ASTM D6866 e [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html). La [certificazione OK Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/ok-biobased.html) di TÜV AUSTRIA richiede invece l’analisi con [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html).
## **Decidete quali materiali analizzare**
Volete analizzare un’intera calzatura o solo alcuni componenti?
L’**analisi del contenuto biobased** è applicabile ai solidi, ai liquidi e perfino ai gas. Possiamo quindi analizzare suole, tessuti, gomme, adesivi, schiume e perfino il packaging di un prodotto. Prima di inviare una scarpa intera, è fondamentale contattare il laboratorio: quando sono presenti componenti di colori e materiali diversi, abbiamo infatti bisogno di istruzioni dettagliate per la selezione del campione.
Se intendete partecipare a un programma di etichettatura ecologica, dovrete per prima cosa contattare l’ente certificatore, che potrebbe avere istruzioni specifiche per il campionamento di materie prime o prodotti finiti.
## **Scegliete un laboratorio che vi permetta di rispettare le vostre scadenze**
Noi di Beta Analytic possiamo aiutarvi a rispettare qualsiasi scadenza: abbiamo a disposizione diversi spettrometri e uno staff altamente preparato sempre presente in laboratorio. All’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, vi indicheremo la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati.
I servizi disponibili sono due:
- Standard (risultati entro 7 giorni lavorativi)
- Priority (risultati entro 4 giorni lavorativi)
Il servizio prioritario non è disponibile per i campioni complessi.
Il portale di Beta Analytic è accessibile 24/7, in qualsiasi parte del mondo.
I nostri esperti sono sempre a disposizione per una consulenza prima, durante e dopo le analisi. La consulenza è gratuita.
### **Pronti a inviare i vostri campioni?**
[**RICHIEDETE UN PREVENTIVO**](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
[Iscrivetevi alla nostra newsletter per ricevere informazioni sui prossimi webinar e altre notizie di settore.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/iscrizione-newsletter.html)
Questo articolo è stato pubblicato mercoledì 8 giugno 2022 nella categoria [Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/category/biobased-products/).
---
### [Il programma USDA BioPreferred](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Il programma USDA BioPreferred® mira ad aiutare i consumatori a identificare facilmente i prodotti biobased disponibili in commercio.
- Il programma è aperto sia ai prodotti nazionali che a quelli importati e richiede l’esecuzione di analisi conformi alla norma [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "Test del contenuto biobased con ASTM D6866") da parte di un laboratorio approvato dallo USDA.
- Il laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Beta Analytic è stato approvato dallo USDA come fornitore di test ASTM D6866 per il programma BioPreferred.
---
#### **Pronti a inviare i campioni?**
##### Consultare le istruzioni del laboratorio per i [richiedenti dell’etichetta USDA per prodotti biobased.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/richiedenti-usda-biopreferred.html)
Nota per tutti i candidati: assicurarsi di aver firmato e accettato il Biobased Participant Agreement. Lo USDA non accetterà alcuna analisi effettuata prima dell’accettazione della richiesta, nemmeno se il richiedente ha già ricevuto un Application Number. Un tutorial sulla procedura di richiesta dell’etichetta è disponibile sul sito web del programma [USDA BioPreferred.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
#### Prodotti intermedi e prodotti destinati alla vendita al dettaglio
**Prodotti intermedi:** se il prodotto è stato registrato come Prodotto intermedio (Intermediate) sul modulo di richiesta di partecipazione dello USDA, è possibile prelevare un sottocampione e inviarlo al laboratorio utilizzando qualsiasi imballaggio appropriato. Il laboratorio scatterà una foto una volta ricevuto il campione. Per “prodotto intermedio” si intende una materia prima che viene venduta e poi modificata o utilizzata per la realizzazione di un prodotto destinato alla vendita al consumatore finale.
**Prodotti destinati alla vendita al dettaglio:** se il prodotto è stato registrato come Prodotto destinato alla vendita al dettaglio (Retail product) sul modulo di richiesta di partecipazione dello USDA, inviare il campione nell’imballaggio utilizzato per la vendita, nel formato più piccolo disponibile. Per “prodotto destinato alla vendita al dettaglio” si intende un prodotto che verrà acquistato direttamente dal cliente finale oppure un imballaggio utilizzato senza modifiche per contenere un prodotto acquistato dal cliente finale. Il laboratorio è tenuto a scattare una foto del campione come prova identificativa del materiale analizzato (ovvero, del fatto che il risultato è stato ottenuto da materiale prelevato dal contenitore mostrato nell’immagine). Se si desidera inviare al laboratorio un sottocampione di un prodotto destinato alla vendita al dettaglio, è necessario contattare un rappresentante del programma USDA BioPreferred.
Beta Analytic accetta solo campioni che possano legalmente essere smaltiti negli scarichi o nella spazzatura secondo le leggi della Florida. Consultare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni.
---
Il laboratorio di Beta Analytic, accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, non è affiliato al programma USDA BioPreferred. È comunque possibile contattare il laboratorio per informazioni sull’invio dei campioni da analizzare nell’ambito di questo programma.
---
## Requisiti minimi del programma BioPreferred
Creato dal Farm Security and Rural Investment Act del 2002 (2002 Farm Bill) e ampliato dall’[Agriculture Improvement Act del 2018](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ334/pdf/PLAW-115publ334.pdf) (2018 Farm Bill), il programma BioPreferred mira a incoraggiare il consumo di prodotti biobased negli Stati Uniti.
Nell’ambito di questo programma, i candidati selezionati (produttori e fornitori) possono apporre l’**etichetta distintiva USDA Certified Biobased** sui loro prodotti e sul materiale di marketing, a condizione che i prodotti soddisfino i requisiti del programma BioPreferred. Il contenuto minimo biobased è stato fissato nell’ambito del BioPreferred Federal Procurement Preference Program dello USDA, insieme alle categorie di prodotti. I prodotti che non appartengono a nessuna delle categorie esistenti sono comunque ammessi se hanno un contenuto biobased superiore al 25%. Il contenuto biobased minimo per ogni categoria è soggetto a modifiche: lo USDA intende aumentarlo nel corso del tempo in concomitanza con l’avanzamento delle tecnologie di produzione.
##### Cosa sono i prodotti biobased?
Secondo la definizione del programma USDA BioPreferred, i prodotti biobased sono prodotti commerciali o industriali (a eccezione di alimenti, mangimi o combustibili) che sono:
– composti, totalmente o in parte significativa, da materiali derivati da biomassa, inclusi i materiali rinnovabili di origine agricola locale, i prodotti chimici rinnovabili e i materiali forestali;
– un ingrediente intermedio o una materia prima.
I prodotti biobased rappresentano un’alternativa ai prodotti convenzionali derivati dal petrolio.
[Fare clic per l’elenco delle categorie di prodotti del programma USDA BioPreferred e i relativi requisiti minimi](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
*Da giugno 2022, il programma BioPreferred definisce tre gruppi di prodotti biobased: “Certified-only” (non rientrano in una delle 139 categorie qualificate per l’acquisto obbligatorio a livello federale, ma sono stati sottoposti al processo di certificazione del Programma BioPreferred); “Qualified-only” (rientrano in una delle categorie di prodotti, ma non sono stati sottoposti al processo di certificazione); e “Qualified/Certified” (rientrano in una delle categorie di prodotti e sono stati sottoposti al processo di certificazione).*
## [\[VIDEO\] Il programma USDA BioPreferred dal punto di vista dei partecipanti](#collapseOne)
*Video per gentile concessione dello USDA • Nota: Questo video è ospitato su un sito di terze parti e potrebbe contenere pubblicità.*
## **Analisi del contenuto biobased con ASTM D6866**
Oltre alle informazioni sul prodotto, i candidati devono presentare i risultati di un test conforme alla norma ASTM D6866 come prova del contenuto biobased del prodotto. I richiedenti devono inoltre fornire al programma USDA BioPreferred i nomi dei marchi dei prodotti, le informazioni di contatto e l’URL del sito web (se disponibile).
Il programma effettua occasionalmente dei test a campione, sempre conformi alla norma ASTM D6866, sui prodotti certificati, per verificare che il loro contenuto biobased rispetti i requisiti minimi.
**PRODOTTI MULTIPLI** – Per certificare prodotti con contenuto biobased simile ma formulazioni leggermente diverse, il programma USDA BioPreferred consente di effettuare un test su un unico prodotto rappresentativo se la variazione nella formulazione non è superiore al 3%.
## **Etichetta USDA Certified Biobased**
L’[etichetta USDA Certified Biobased](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml) è composta da un logo, dalla percentuale biobased del prodotto e da una di tre varianti di testo: USDA Certified Biobased Product, USDA Certified Biobased Product: Package, o USDA Certified Biobased Product and Package. Sulle etichette dei prodotti idonei per l’acquisto obbligatorio a livello federale compare la sigla “FP”.
L’etichetta USDA Certified Biobased Label è applicabile anche ai prodotti importati per la vendita negli Stati Uniti, purché soddisfino gli stessi criteri dei prodotti biobased di origine statunitense. Anche se sono considerati biobased nei loro paesi di produzione, i prodotti importati sono idonei a ricevere il marchio solo se soddisfano i criteri specifici del programma USDA BioPreferred.
Non è prevista una scadenza per la presentazione delle domande. Le domande di partecipazione al programma USDA BioPreferred vengono valutate in ordine di ricezione. Le aziende possono utilizzare l’etichetta sul prodotto biobased identificato nella domanda di partecipazione solo quando ricevono la notifica di certificazione dallo USDA. Per le richieste respinte è possibile presentare domande di riesame.
La certificazione rimane valida solo se il prodotto certificato continua a rispettare il contenuto biobased minimo richiesto. Se lo USDA rivede i requisiti minimi, i prodotti già certificati devono soddisfare i nuovi requisiti per continuare a utilizzare l’etichetta.
Fonte: [Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products (Final Rule)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program per i prodotti biobased nel registro federale"), Federal Register Vol. 76 No. 13 Pages 3790-3813 pubblicato il 20 gennaio 2011.
## **Beta Analytic – Leader nei test con il metodo ASTM D6866**
Beta Analytic fa parte della Subcommittee D20.96 dell’American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) in qualità di co-autore della norma ASTM D6866 per l’analisi del contenuto biobased. Questa norma, adottata nel luglio 2004, è un’applicazione industriale della datazione al radiocarbonio. La versione attualmente in vigore è ASTM D6866-22. Il metodo è citato nel programma BioPreferred dello USDA come “ASTM Method D6866”.
Il Center for Industrial Research and Service (CIRAS) della State University of Science and Technology dell’Iowa, con lo USDA al timone, ha contribuito a stabilire il contenuto biobased minimo richiesto dal Programma BioPreferred. A giugno 2004, Beta Analytic aveva già analizzato più di 200 prodotti biobased per CIRAS, consegnando i risultati in 1-3 settimane. Beta Analytic, un laboratorio accreditato ISO 17025, ha dimostrato nel corso degli anni di essere un fornitore di servizi affidabile.
*Beta Analytic effettua analisi del contenuto biobased. La società non è affiliata con il programma BioPreferred dello USDA.*
*Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2022*
---
### [USDA(アメリカ農務省)のバイオプリファード・ヴォランタリー・ラベル・プログラム](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- アメリカ農務省バイオプリファード・ヴォランタリー・ラベリング・プログラム (USDA BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Program) の最終ルールは2011年2月22日より運用されています
- このプログラムは、米国産品、米国以外からの輸入品に適用可能ですが、ISO 9001適合試験所による [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") 試験証明が必要です。
- ISO 9001適合試験所であり、ASTM D6866の開発に貢献してきたBeta Analyticは申請に必要なバイオベースド濃度試験を提供しています。
---
#### **サンプルのご準備はできましたか？**
##### [USDAラベルの申請に関する試験所からの説明書をご一読ください。](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**申請者の方へ** – Biobased Participant Agreementが署名および受理(signed and accepted)されているかご確認ください。 受理前の分析結果は、たとえUSDAの申請番号が発行されていても有効とみなされません。試料をお送りいただく前にUSDA Biopreferred Labeling Process Fact Sheetをお読みください。 [USDAウェブサイト](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml "USDAウェブサイト")のラベル申請チュートリアルをご参照ください。
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定 Beta Analyticは、USDA BioPreferred Programとは提携しておりませんが、申請に必要な試験のための試料提出方法などに関してご不明な点がございましたらお問い合わせください。
---
[USDA最小バイオベースド含有量のリストはこちら](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "USDA Minimum Biobased Content")
**中間生産物** – USDAに中間生産物（intermediate product）として製品を申請した場合は、代表試料を分取し、その物質に適した容器に入れて試料を送付できます。Beta Analyticで受領後すぐに試料の写真を撮影します。中間生産物（intermediate product）は購入後加工するための物質もしくは消費者用の小売用製品(retail product)を製造するための原料(中間物質)です。
**小売用製品** – USDAに小売用製品（retail product）として製品を申請した場合は、市場に流通するパッケージと同じ状態で試料をお送りください（通常ラインアップのうち一番小さなサイズが好ましい）。小売用製品（retail product）とは、消費者が直接購買する製品、あるいは消費者に購入される製品をそのままの状態で梱包してあるパッケージングを指します。 試験所は、その試料の分析が当該の第三者機関により行われたという証拠を残すため、試料の写真を撮影することが必要とされています。(例、 この結果は写真に示されている容器の中の試料を試験所でサンプリングし分析し得られたものである。) やむを得ず小売用製品の代表サンプルを分取する必要がある場合は、試験所に試料を送付する前に、USDAに相談してください。
Beta Analyticは、フロリダ州にて法的に廃棄可能なサンプルのみ受け付けています。廃棄可能かどうか不確実な場合はサンプル送付前に必ずご相談ください。
## [ビデオ提供：USDA（米国農務省） バイオプリファード・プログラム-参加者の視点](#collapseOne)
*免責事項：このビデオは第三者のサイトであるため、広告が含まれている場合があります。*
Voluntary Labeling プログラム は消費者が市場で流通している製品からバイオベースド製品を識別するための助けとなることを目的としています。 このプログラムのもとで、申請者（製造者とベンダー）は、申請が通り、製品がBioPreferredプログラムの要件を満たしている限り、製品や製品のマーケティングツールにUSDAのラベルを貼付することできます。 USDAのBioPreferred Federal Procurement Preference プログラムでは、必要な最小バイオベースド含有率が定められています。Federal Procurement Programで既存のカタログにない製品は、25％以上のバイオベースド含有率が必要です。 必要最小バイオベースド含有率は随時変更されます。USDAはバイオベースド製品技術の進歩にともなって、必要最小バイオベースド含有率を上げる傾向にあります。
USDAによる2002年Farm Billで、バイオベースド製品とは、(食品と飼料を除く) 商用品および産業用品のうち、全体もしくは大部分が、生物由来の物質、再生可能な農業由来物質（植物、動物、海洋由来を含む）、森林由来物質からなるものと定義されました。 2008年のFarm Billでは、バイオベースド製品の定義が、バイオベースド中間材料および原材料まで拡大されました。
*2018年6月時点で、BioPreferred Programには3つのグループがあります。– 資格のみ(Certified-only)- 政府調達義務97カテゴリーのどれにも該当はしていないが、バイオプリファードプログラムの認証審査に合格した製品, 資格のみ (Qualified-only) – カテゴリーのどれかに該当するが、プログラムの認証審査を通過していない製品, 資格/認証 (Qualified/Certified) – カテゴリーのどれかに該当しかつプログラムの認証審査に合格した製品*
---
## ASTM D6866試験が必要です
製品に関する情報以外にも、申請者はバイオベースド製品におけるバイオベースド含有率の証明としてASTM D6866試験結果、試験所のISO 9001適合を証明する書類の提出が必要です。 申請者は製品の商標、連絡先、ウェブサイト URL (可能な場合)をUSDAへ提供することも義務づけられています。
USDAは、必要最小バイオベースド含有率の基準に適合しているか確認するために、随時ASTM D6866の抜き打ち試験を実施します。
MULTIPLE PRODUCTS（複数製品） – バイオベースド含有率及び組成がわずかに異なる製品群に対しては、USDAは製品の組成の差異が3％以下である限り、 代表するサンプルのバイオベースド試験の実施を認めています。
## USDAラベル
 [USDAラベル](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA label example")は、ロゴ(葉)、製品のバイオベースド含有率、そして次のいずれかのフレーズで構成されています：USDA Certified Biobased Product, USDA Certified Biobased Product: Package, または USDA Certified Biobased Product and Package。 “FP” という文字は、 Federal Procurement Preference プログラムにも参加している製品のラベルに記載されます。 Voluntary Labelingプログラムは米国バイオベースド製品と同じ基準を満たしている場合には、米国内で販売される輸入製品にも適用されます。たとえ輸入品が生産国でバイオベースド製品と判断されたとしても、USDA基準を満たしていない場合は、USDAラベルを使用することができません。
申請の提出には特定の期限はありません。 Voluntary Labelingプログラムの申請は先着順で評価されます。 企業はUSDAからの証書を受領すると、申請書に記載されているバイオベースド製品にのみラベルを使用することができます。 申請が却下された場合には再審査のために改訂した申請書を再提出することができます。
認定商品が必要最小バイオベースド含有率の基準に適合している時にのみ、証書は有効です。 USDAが必要最小レベルを更新した場合にラベルを継続して使用するためには、更新後の基準をクリアする必要があります。
参考文献: [Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products (Final Rule)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products in Federal Register"), Federal Register Vol. 76 No. 13 Pages 3790-3813 Published January 20, 2011/p>
## BioPreferredの２つのプログラム
米国農務省のBioPreferredプログラムには、連邦政府機関のための調達(procurement)プログラム および消費者市場を対象としたvoluntary labelingプログラムの2つのシステムがあります。 2002年農業保障・農業投資法(2002年農業法)により制定、2008年食料・保全・エネルギー法案(2008年農業法)により拡張されたBioPreferredプログラムは、米国のバイオベースド製品の消費を推進させることを目的としています。
### ASTM D6866試験をリードするBeta Analytic
Beta Analyticはバイオベースド含有率分析のためのASTM D6866試験の共著者としてアメリカ材料試験協会(ASTM)Subcommittee D20.96に参加しています。 2004年に採用されたこの規格は、放射性炭素年代測定の手法を工業界で利用するものです。 これまで、ASTM D6866-04、ASTM D6866-04a、ASTM D6866-05、ASTM D6866-06、ASTM D6866-06a、ASTM D6866-08、ASTM D6866-10、ASTM D6866-11、ASTM D6866-12、ASTM D6866-16、ASTM D6866-18、ASTM D6866-20、ASTM D6866-21が発行され、現行のバージョンはASTM D6866-22です。この方法は USDA BioPreferredプログラムでは「ASTM Method D6866」と記載されています。
アイオワ州立大学(Iowa State University of Science and Technology)のCenter for Industrial Research and Service (CIRAS)では USDAの担当のもと、BioPreferredプログラムのための必要最小バイオベースド含有率の決定業務を支援しています。 2004年6月までにBeta Analyticでは CIRASのために200以上のバイオベースド製品を分析し、1〜3週間以内に結果を発送しています。 ISO 9001適合Beta Analyticは長年にわたり、信頼あるサービスプロバイダーとして献身してきました。
*Beta Analyticはバイオベースド試験を提供していますが、USDA BioPreferred プログラムとは提携していません。*
*最終更新：2022年5月*
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### [미국 농무성(USDA)의 BioPreferred: 자발적 라벨 프로그램 (Voluntary Labeling Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 미 농무성의 자발적 라벨 프로그램 최종 판의 효력은 2011년 2월 22일부터 시작되었습니다.
- 이 프로그램은 미국 자체 생산 제품과 수입 제품에 모두 해당되며, 모두 ISO 인증 실험실에서 실시하는 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") 실험 증명서를 필요로 합니다.
- ISO 인증 실험실인 Beta Analytic는 ASTM D6866실험 방법의 개발에 참여하였으며, 실험 서비스를 제공합니다.
---
#### 시료 제출 준비 완료?
##### [USDA 라벨 신청자의 지침 읽기. ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**모든 신청인들을 위한 노트** – 반드시 Biobased Participant Agreement에 서명하고 승인 받았는지 확인합니다. 승인 전 분석한 경우, 설사 신청 번호가 있다 하더라고 USDA은 결과를 인정하지 않습니다. 본 연구소에 샘플 제출 전 USDA BioPreferred Labeling Process Fact Sheet 을 잘 읽어보시기 바랍니다. 서 찾아 보실 수 있으며, 구체적인 라벨 신청 설명은 [USDA 웹사이트](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml "USDA website")에서 찾아 볼 수 있습니다.
참고사항: ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증업체인 Beta 연구소는 USDA BioPreferred 프로그램과 직접적인 관련은 없습니다만, BioPreferred 라벨링 프로그램의 일환으로 시료 제출에 관한 문의 사항 환영합니다.
---
[USDA 바이오 매스 함량 최소 요구량 목록을 보고 싶으시면 여기 클릭](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
**반제품의 경우** – 만약에 반제품 상태로 미국 농무성에 신청을 하셨다면 샘플을 적당히 포장해서 본 연구소로 보내시면 됩니다. 본 연구소는 샘플을 받자마자 사진을 찍어둡니다. “반제품” 이란 용어는 완제품을 만들기 위한 원자재를 말합니다.
**완제품** – 만약에 완제품으로 미국 농무성에 신청을 하셨다면 완제품 형태로 포장이 된 샘플(보통 가장 작은 크기)을 보내주시면 됩니다. 본 연구소는 샘플의 분석 증거로 사진을 찍어 둡니다. (즉 사진에서 보이는 포장에서 꺼낸 샘플로 실험해서 결과를 얻었다는). 만약에 본 연구소로 보내기 전에 완제품에서 직접 샘플을 만들고자 하면 먼저 미국 농무성과 상의 바랍니다. “완제품” 이란 소비자가 직접 구매하는 상품 또는 포장이 되어 있는 상품이라 정의합니다.
Beta 연구소는 미국 플로리다 주에서 적법하게 일반 쓰레기 통에 폐기할 수 있거나 일반 하수도에 그냥 버릴 수 있는 샘플만 실험 의뢰 받습니다. 그 외의 샘플을 보내실 때는 사전에 본 연구소로 문의바랍니다.
*USDA 제공 비디오 • 면책조항: 이 비디오는 제3자의 사이트에 올렸으며, 광고가 포함되어 있습니다.*
미국의 라벨 프로그램인 **[Voluntary Labeling Program](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/Welcome.xhtml "Voluntary Labeling Program Summary")** 의 목적은 소비자들이 바이오 매스 제품을 손쉽게 시장에서 구매할 수 있다는 것을 소비자들에게 알리는 것입니다. 이 프로그램에 따라 제조업자와 판매업자는 프로그램의 요구조건을 충족하면 제품의 포장이나 마케팅 자료에 미국 농무성의 라벨을 부착할 수 있습니다. 최소 바이오 매스 함량은 USDA’s BioPreferred Federal Procurement Preference Program의 목록에 자세히 나와 있습니다. 연방 정부의 우선 구매 프로그램에서는 현재의 목록에 적혀있지 않는 제품들도 최소 바이오 매스 함량이 25% 이상이면 자격이 주어집니다. 단 주의해야 할 것은 목록에 적혀있는 모든 품목의 최소 바이오 매스 함량은 수시로 바뀐다는 것입니다. 미국 농무성은 바이오 제품의 기술 향상에 따라 최소 바이오 매스 함량을 계속 높이고 있습니다.
미국 농무성의 정의에 따르면, 바이오 매스 상품이란 전체 또는 일정한 부분이 생물학적 제품, 재생 가능한 농산물 (식물, 동물, 해양 물질 포함), 2002 Farm Bill에 따른 임산물로 된 제품 (식품이나 사료는 제외)을 말합니다. 2008년에 개정된 Farm Bill에서는 바이오 매스 제품의 정의가 확장되어 바이오 중간재나 주 물질이 포함되어도 바이오 매스 제품이라 합니다.
## ASTM D6866 실험 결과 제출
신청자들은 제품의 바이오 매스 함량과 연구소의 ISO 9001 일치 여부 서류 확인 절차의 일환으로 ASTM D6866 실험 결과를 제출해야 합니다. 또한 신청인은 미국 농무성에 제품의 브랜드 이름, 연락처, 웹 사이트를 제출해야 합니다.
미국 농무성은 최소 바이오 매스 함량을 제대로 준수하고 있는지 확인하기 위해 종종 무작위 ASTM D6866 실험을 합니다.
여러 동일 제품들 – 비슷한 바이오 매스 함량을 가졌지만 제품상의 공식이 서로 약간 다른 제품들에 대해서 미국 농무성은 제품의 공식이 3% 이상 다르지 않다면 그 중 대표적인 바이오 매스 함량 실험을 용인해 주고 있습니다.
## 미국 농무성의 BioPreferred Label
미국 농무성의 라벨 ([USDA label](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA label example")) 은 자체 도안한 라벨에 바이오 매스 함량, 그리고 다음의 3가지 중 하나를 표시합니다. : (1) USDA Certified Biobased Product, (2) USDA Certified Biobased Product: Package, (3) USDA Certified Biobased Product and Package. 그리고 Federal Procurement Preference Program 에도 같이 참여하는 제품은 라벨에 “FP”이라 적혀 있습니다.
자발적 라벨 프로그램 (Voluntary Labeling Program)은 미국에서 판매되는 수입 제품에도 미국산 제품과 같은 요구 조건을 지키는 한 동일하게 적용됩니다. 설사 수입되는 나라의 바이오 매스 제품 인증을 받았다 하더라도 미국 농무성의 요구 조건에 모두 합격해야 라벨을 취득할 수 있습니다.
신청서 제출 기한은 정해져 있지 않습니다. 각 신청서는 선착순으로 서류 심사하며, 미국 농무성으로부터 인증 통지를 받은 이후에 신청서와 동일한 바이오 매스 제품에 라벨을 사용할 수 있습니다. 불합격한 신청자는 새 신청서를 작성하여 언제든 재 신청할 수 있습니다.
인증 유효 기간은 요구되는 최소 바이오 매스 함량을 유지할 때까지 입니다. 만약 최소량이 상향 조정될 경우 라벨을 계속 사용하기 위해서는 새 조건을 충족하여 여기에 맞는 상향된 바이오 매스 함량을 가져야 합니다.
자료 출처: [Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products (Final Rule)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products in Federal Register"), Federal Register Vol. 76 No. 13 Published January 20, 2011
## BioPreferred의 두 프로그램
미국 농무성 (U.S. Department of Agriculture)의 BioPreferred 프로그램에는 다음과 같이 두 가지 프로그램이 있습니다.
(a) 연방 정부의 우선 구매 프로그램 (procurement program)
(b) 소비자 마케팅용 자발적 라벨 프로그램 (voluntary labeling program).
이 프로그램은 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Bill) 와 2008년에 개정된 Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (2008 Farm Bill) 법령에 따라 만들어졌으며, 프로그램의 목적은 미국 내 바이오 매스 상품의 소비 촉진에 있습니다.
### Beta 연구소: ASTM D6866 실험의 선두주자
Beta 연구소는 바이오 매스 함량 측정 실험 방법인 ASTM D6866의 공동 개발자로 the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96에 참여했습니다. 2004년 7월에 채택된 이 실험 기준 방법은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 응용한 것입니다. 최신 버전은 ASTM D6866-22입니다. 미국 농무성의 BioPreferred 프로그램의 이 실험 기준 방식의 정식 명칭은 “ASTM Method D6866″입니다.
미국 농무성과 아이오와 주립 대학의 The Center for Industrial Research and Service (CIRAS) 가 BioPreferred 프로그램에 적용하는 최소 바이오 매스 함량을 결정했습니다. 2004년 6월까지 Beta 연구소는 CIRAS의 요청으로 약 200개 이상의 바이오 매스 제품을 분석하여 1-3 주 만에 결과를 보고했습니다. 이로써 ISO 9001 인증 실험실인 Beta 연구소는 신뢰할 수 있는 서비스를 오랫동안 제공해 왔다는 것이 밝혀졌습니다.
*Beta 연구소는 바이오 매스 함량 측정 서비스를 제공하며, 미국 농무성의 BioPreferred 프로그램과 관련이 없는 독립된 연구소입니다.*
*2022년 5월 업데이트*
---
### [Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem BioPreferencial do USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- As normas finais do Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem BioPreferencial do USDA entraram em vigor no dia 22 de fevereiro de 2011
- O programa, aplicável aos produtos domésticos e importados, requer a certificação [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") por parte de um laboratório que esteja em conformidade com a ISO 9001.
- A Beta Analytic, um laboratório que opera em conformidade com a ISO 9001 e que contribuiu para o desenvolvimento do padrão ASTM D6866, fornece serviços de análise do conteúdo de base biológica.
---
#### As amostras estão prontas para o envio?
##### Por favor leia as orientações do laboratório para candidatos ao [Selo do USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**Aviso aos candidatos:** por favor, certifique-se de que o acordo de participação (Biobased Participant Agreement) tenha sido assinado e aceito. Análises realizadas antes do aceite não serão consideradas pelo USDA, mesmo que já haja um número de inscrição. Por favor leia a ficha de informações de processamento de rotulagem (Labeling Process Fact Sheet) antes de enviar suas amostras para o laboratório. Há um tutorial de Candidatura ao Selo no [site do USDA.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
O Beta Analytic, credenciado pela ISO/IEC 17025: 2017, não é afiliado com o Programa USDA BioPreferred. No entanto, você está convidado a contactar o Beta Analytic sobre como enviar amostras para teste, como parte do Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem BioPreferred.
[Clique para ver a lista de Teores Mínimos de Carbono de Base Biológica do USDA](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "USDA Minimum Biobased Content")
O Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem tem por objetivo ajudar os consumidores na identificação dos produtos de base biológica que estão comercialmente disponíveis. De acordo com este programa, os que conseguem a filiação ao mesmo (fabricantes e distribuidores) podem afixar uma etiqueta específica do USDA em seus produtos e materiais promocionais, desde que seus produtos atendam os requisitos do Programa BioPreferencial. O conteúdo mínimo de base biológica foi definido pelo Programa Federal Preferencial de Aquisições do USDA. Os produtos que não pertencem às categorias existentes, no âmbito do programa federal de aquisições, também poderão ser elegíveis, desde que tenham um conteúdo de base biológica de pelo menos 25%.O conteúdo mínimo de base biológica para todos os itens está sujeito a mudanças. O USDA pretende aumentar o conteúdo mínimo de base biológica ao longo do tempo e com o avanço das tecnologias usadas na fabricação de produtos de base biológica.
De acordo com o USDA, os produtos de base biológica são produtos comerciais ou industriais (excetuando os alimentos para consumo humano ou animal) compostos, na sua totalidade ou em uma proporção significativa, de produtos biológicos, insumos agrícolas renováveis (incluindo plantas, animais e insumos marinhos), ou insumos florestais, tal como estabelece a “Farm Bill” (lei agrícola dos EUA) de 2002. A “Farm Bill” de 2008 expandiu a definição dos produtos de base biológica, passando a incluir ingredientes intermediários de base biológica ou matérias primas.
Este vídeo é cortesia do USDA • Aviso: Este vídeo foi gravado em locação de terceiros e poderá conter propaganda.
## Método ASTM D6866 Requerido
Além das informações sobre o produto, os solicitantes precisam fornecer os resultados da análise feita através do método ASTM D6866 como evidências do conteúdo de base biológica do produto, bem como a documentação que confirma que o laboratório utilizado está conforme com a ISO 9001. Os solicitantes também devem fornecer ao USDA os nomes pelos quais os produtos são conhecidos no mercado, os dados de contato e a URL do website correspondente (se estiver disponível).
Seguindo o método ASTM D6866, o USDA pretende realizar análises ocasionais e aleatórias de produtos certificados para garantir que os mesmos atendam aos requisitos mínimos referentes ao conteúdo de base biológica.
PRODUTOS MÚLTIPLOS –No caso dos produtos com um conteúdo de base biológica semelhante mas com formulações levemente diferentes, oUSDA permite a análise de conteúdo representativo de base biológica se a formulação do produto não varia mais do que 3%.
## Rótulo BioPreferencial do USDA
O [rótulo do USDA](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA label example") consiste de um selo que mostra a porcentagem do conteúdo de base biológicae uma das três seguintes frases (em inglês): Produto de Base Biológica Certificado pelo USDA, Produto de Base Biológica Certificado pelo USDA: Embalagem, ou Produto de Base Biológica Certificado pelo USDA: Produto e Embalagem. As letras “FP” aparecem no selo dos produtos que também fazem parte do Programa Federal Preferencial de Aquisições.
O Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem também se aplica aos produtos importados vendidos nos EUA, desde que os mesmos atendam aos mesmos critérios que os produtos de base biológica fabricados nos EUA. Mesmo nos casos em que os produtos são considerados em seus países de origem como sendo de base biológica, os mesmos só poderão levar o selo se atenderem determinados critérios do USDA.
Não há um prazo determinado para fazer novas solicitações. As solicitações feitas ao Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem são avaliados de acordo com a ordem de chegada. As empresas só podem usar o selo em produtos de base biológica que foram descritos em sua solicitação e depois de receberem o certificado correspondente do USDA. Os que tiveram suas solicitações rejeitadas poderão submeter solicitações revisadas para que sejam novamente consideradas.
A certificação só permanece válida se o produto certificado continuar mantendo o conteúdo mínimo de base biológica. Se o USDA vier a rever os níveis mínimos requeridos, o produto certificado deve atender ao novo requisito para que possa continuar usando o selo.
Fonte: [Programa Voluntário de Rotulagem para Produtos de Base Biológica (Norma Final)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products in Federal Register"), Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 13, publicado no dia 20 de janeiro de 2011.
## Dois Programas BioPreferenciais
O Departamento de Agricultura dos EUA tem dois sistemas que fazem parte do Programa BioPreferencial – um programa de aquisições para as agências federais e um programa voluntário de rotulagem para divulgação entre os consumidores. Criado pelo “Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Bill)”e ampliado pelo “Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (2008 Farm Bill)”, o Programa BioPreferencial tem por objetivo aumentar o consumo de produtos de base biológica nos Estados Unidos.
### Beta Analytic: Líder no Método ASTM D6866
A Beta Analytic passou a fazer parte da “American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96″como co-autora do método ASTM D6866 para a análise do conteúdo de base biológica. Este padrão, que foi adotado em julho de 2004, é uma aplicação industrial de datação por carbono. A versão atualmente em vigor é a ASTM D6866-22. Este método é mencionado no Programa BioPreferencial do USDA como “ASTM Method D6866.”
O “Center for Industrial Research and Service” (CIRAS) da Universidade Estadual de Iowa de Ciência e Tecnologia, sob o comando do USDA, ajudou a definir o conteúdo mínimo de base biológica necessário para o Programa BioPreferencial. Até junho de 2004, a Beta Analytic havia analisado mais de 200 produtos de base biológica para o centro CIRAS, tendo entregue os resultados no prazo de uma a três semanas. Beta Analytic, um laboratório que trabalha em conformidade com a ISO 9001, tem provado ser um prestador de serviços confiável ao longo dos anos.
*A Beta Analytic presta serviços de análise do conteúdo de base biológica. A empresa não é afiliada ao Programa BioPreferencial do USDA.*
*Última atualização: maio de 2022*
---
### [Le programme d'étiquetage volontaire «BioPreferred» de l'USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- La version finale de la réglementation du programme d’étiquetage volontaire BioPreferred de l’USDA est en vigueur depuis le 22 février 2011.
- Le programme, applicable aux produits nationaux et importés, exige la certification [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") d’un laboratoire conforme ISO 9001.
- Beta Analytic, laboratoire conforme à la norme qualité ISO 9001 ayant contribué au développement de l’ASTM D6866, fournit des résultats d’analyses des contenus organiques (ou biosourcés).
---
#### **Vos échantillons sont prêts à être envoyés ?**
##### Merci de lire les instructions du laboratoire pour les candidats au [label USDA.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**Remarque à l’attention de tous les candidats** – Veuillez vous assurer que votre accord de participation Biobased a été signé et accepté. Si vous réalisez une analyse avant l’acceptation, l’USDA n’acceptera pas le résultat même si vous possédez un numéro de demande. Veuillez lire la fiche de renseignements sur le processus d’étiquetage «BioPreferred» de l’USDA avant de soumettre des échantillons au laboratoire. Un tutoriel sur le Label Application (l’Application d’Étiquetage) est disponible sur le [site web de l’USDA.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 n’est pas affilié au programme BioPreferred de l’USDA. Toutefois, n’hésitez pas à contacter BETA ANALYTIC pour tout renseignement concernant l’envoi d’échantillons dans le cadre du programme d’étiquetage volontaire Biopreferred.
---
[Cliquer ici pour la liste des contenus minimums d’origine biosourcée](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
Le programme d’étiquetage volontaire vise à aider les consommateurs à identifier les produits biosourcés disponibles sur le marché. Au travers de ce programme, les candidats retenus (fabricants et fournisseurs) peuvent apposer une étiquette de l’USDA sur leurs produits et matériels de marketing, tant que leurs produits répondent aux exigences du programme BioPreferred. La teneur minimale en contenu biosourcé a été établie en vertu du Programme BioPreferred fédéral d’orientation des achats du Département américain de l’Agriculture (USDA). Les produits qui n’appartiennent pas aux catégories existantes du programme fédéral des achats sont également admissibles si leur contenu est biosourcé à hauteur d’au moins 25 %. La teneur minimale en contenu biosourcé pour tous les produits est sujette à changement. L’USDA envisage d’augmenter cette teneur minimale au fil du temps, en fonction de l’avancée des technologies des produits biosourcés.
Selon l’USDA, les produits biosourcés sont des produits commerciaux ou industriels (autres que les denrées destinées aux Hommes ou aux animaux) qui sont composés, en totalité ou en grande partie, de produits organiques, matériaux agricoles renouvelables (comprenant plantes, animaux et ressources marines), ou de ressources forestières, selon le Farm Bill de 2002. Le Farm Bill de 2008 a étendu la définition des produits biosourcés, y incluant des ingrédients biosourcés intermédiaires ou des matières premières.
*Vidéo USDA • Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.*
## Nécessité de la méthode ASTM D6866
En plus des informations sur les produits, les candidats sont tenus de présenter les résultats des analyses conformes à la norme ASTM D6866 en tant que preuve du contenu biosourcé, accompagnés par la documentation du laboratoire d’analyses faisant foi de sa conformité ISO 9001. Ils doivent également fournir à l’USDA les noms de marque du produit, les coordonnées et l’adresse du site web (si disponible).
L’USDA prévoit d’effectuer, occasionnellement et de manière aléatoire, des mesures ASTM D6866 sur des produits certifiés, pour s’assurer de la conformité aux exigences minimales de contenu organique.
PRODUITS MULTIPLES – Pour les produits à teneur en contenu organique similaire, mais ayant des compositions légèrement différentes, l’USDA permet que l’analyse représentative du contenu organique soit valable si la composition du produit ne varie pas de plus de 3 pour cent.
## Label BioPreferred de l’USDA
Le [label de l’USDA](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA label example") est composé d’un logo, stipulant le pourcentage de contenu organique, et de l’un de ces textes : USDA Certified Biobased Product, USDA Certified Biobased Product: Package, ou USDA Certified Biobased Product and Package. Les lettres “FP” apparaissent sur les logos pour les produits qui font également partie du Federal Procurement Preference Program (Programme fédéral d’orientation des achats).
Le programme d’étiquetage (ou label) volontaire est également applicable à des produits importés pour la vente aux États-Unis, tant qu’ils répondent aux mêmes critères que les produits biosourcés américains. Même s’ils sont considérés, dans leur pays d’origine, comme étant biosourcés, ces produits importés devront répondre aux critères spécifiés par l’USDA pour obtenir le label.
Il n’existe pas de date butoir concernant les demandes d’obtention du label. Elles sont évaluées sur une base premier arrivé, premier servi. Les entreprises ne peuvent apposer le label sur le produit biosourcé concerné par leur demande qu’après avoir reçu l’avis de certification de l’USDA. Les demandeurs non retenus peuvent présenter des demandes révisées pour réexamen.
La certification ne demeure valide que si la teneur en contenu biosourcé du produit certifié est conforme au minimum requis. Si l’USDA revoit les niveaux minimums requis, le produit certifié doit répondre à la nouvelle exigence pour pouvoir continuer à utiliser le label.
Source : [Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products (Final Rule)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Voluntary Labeling Program for Biobased Products in Federal Register"), Federal Register, vol. 76, n ° 13, publié le 20 janvier 2011
## Les deux programmes BioPreferred
Le Département Américain de l’Agriculture dispose de deux programmes dans le cadre du BioPreferred : un programme d’orientation des achats pour les agences fédérales, et un programme de label volontaire à des fins de marketing auprès des consommateurs. Créé par la loi Farm Security and Rural Investment Act de 2002 (Farm Bill 2002) et élargi par la Food, Conservation, and Energy Act de 2008 (Farm Bill 2008), le programme BioPreferred vise à augmenter la consommation de produits organiques aux États-Unis.
### Beta Analytic – Leader d’analyses selon la norme ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic a rejoint le sous-comité D20.96 de l’American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) en tant que coauteur de la méthode ASTM D6866, relative à l’analyse de contenus organiques. La norme, adoptée en juillet 2004, est une application industrielle de la datation radiocarbone. La version actuellement en vigueur est l’ASTM D6866-22. La méthode est mentionnée dans le programme BioPreferred de l’USDA comme “méthode ASTM D6866.”
Le Center for Industrial Research and Service (CIRAS) de l’Université des Sciences et Technologies de l’Iowa, avec l’USDA en tête, contribue à établir les teneurs minimales requises en contenu organique pour le programme BioPreferred. En juin 2004, Beta Analytic a analysé plus de 200 produits organiques pour le CIRAS, en livrant tous ses résultats dans un délai de 1 à 3 semaines. Beta Analytic, conforme ISO 9001, s’est avéré être un prestataire fiable au fil des ans.
*Beta Analytic fournit des tests de contenu d’origine organique. La société n’est pas affiliée au programme BioPreferred de l’USDA.*
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: mai 2022*
---
### [Programa Voluntario de Rotulación BioPreferencial del USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Los reglamentos finales del Programa Voluntario de Rotulación BioPreferencial del USDA entraron en vigor el día 22 de febrero de 2011
- El programa, aplicable a los productos domésticos e importados, requiere la certificación [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") por parte de un laboratorio que esté en conformidad con la ISO 9001.
- Beta Analytic, un laboratorio que opera en conformidad con la ISO 9001 y que ha contribuido para el desarrollo del estándar ASTM D6866, ofrece servicios de análisis del contenido de base biológica.
---
#### **¿Está listo para enviar muestras?**
##### Por favor lea las instrucciones del laboratorio para los postulantes al [programa de etiquetado de USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**Nota para todos los solicitantes** – asegúrese de que su acuerdo de participación en el programa haya sido firmado y aceptado. Si realiza el análisis antes de que sea aceptado, el USDA no podrá tener en cuenta los resultados aunque usted tenga un número de solicitud. Por favor lea la Hoja Informativa del Proceso de Etiquetado USDA BioPreferred antes de enviar muestras al laboratorio. Usted puede encontrar un tutorial sobre la Solicitud de la Etiqueta en el [sitio web de USDA.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
Beta Analytic, acreditado por ISO/IEC 17025:2017 no está afiliado al Programa BioPreferred del USDA. Sin embargo, le invitamos a contactar a BETA ANALYTIC para saber como enviar muestras de prueba como parte del Programa de Etiquetado Voluntario BioPreferred.
---
[Haga clic para conocer la lista de Contenido de Base Biológica Mínimo de USDA](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml "USDA Minimum Biobased Content")
El Programa Voluntario de Rotulación tiene por objetivo ayudar a los consumidores en la identificación de los productos de base biológica que están comercialmente disponibles. De acuerdo con este programa, los que logran afiliarse (fabricantes y distribuidores) pueden afijar una etiqueta específica del USDA en sus productos y materiales promocionales, siempre y cuando sus productos atiendan a los requisitos del Programa BioPreferencial. El contenido mínimo de base biológica fue definido por el Programa Federal Preferencial de Adquisiciones. del USDA. Los productos que no pertenecen a las categorías existentes, en el ámbito del programa federal de adquisiciones, también podrán ser elegibles, siempre y cuando tengan un contenido de base biológica de por los menos 25%. El contenido mínimo de base biológica para todos los artículos está sujeto a cambios. El USDA tiene la intención de incrementar el contenido mínimo de base biológica a lo largo del tiempo y de acuerdo al avanzo de las tecnologías utilizadas en la fabricación de los productos de base biológica.
De acuerdo con el USDA, los productos de base biológica son productos comerciales o industriales (salvo los alimentos para consumo humano o animal) compuestos, en su totalidad o en proporción significativa, de productos biológicos, insumos agrícolas renovables (incluyendo plantas, animales e insumos del mar), o insumos forestales, como establece la “Farm Bill” (ley agrícola de los EE.UU.) de 2002. La “Farm Bill” de 2008 expandió la definición de los productos de base biológica, pasando a incluir ingredientes intermediarios de base biológica o materias primas.
*Exención de responsabilidad: Este video está alojado en un sitio externo y puede contener publicidad. • El video es una cortesía de USDA*
## Método ASTM D6866 Necesario
Además de la información sobre el producto, los solicitantes necesitan proveer los resultados del análisis a través del método ASTM D6866 como evidencias del contenido de base biológica del producto y también la documentación que confirma que el laboratorio utilizado está conforme con la ISO 9001. Los solicitantes también deben proveer al USDA los nombres por los cuales los productos son conocidos en el mercado, los datos de contacto y la URL del sitio web correspondiente (si está disponible).
Siguiendo el método ASTM D6866, el USDA tiene la intención de hacer análisis ocasionales y aleatorios de productos certificados para garantizar que ellos atiendan los requisitos mínimos relacionados al contenido de base biológica.
PRODUCTOS MÚLTIPLOS – En el caso de los productos con contenido de base biológica similar pero con formulaciones livianamente diferentes, el USDA permite el análisis del contenido representativo de base biológica si la formulación del producto no varía más que 3%.
## Rotulación BioPreferencial del USDA
La [rotulación del USDA](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "rotulación del USDA") consiste de una etiqueta que muestra el porcentaje de contenido de base biológica y una de las tres siguientes frases (en inglés): Producto de Base Biológica Certificado por el USDA, Producto de Base Biológica Certificado por el USDA: Embalaje, o Producto de Base Biológica Certificado por el USDA: Producto y Embalaje. La etiqueta de los productos que forman parte del Programa Federal Preferencial de Adquisiciones contiene las letras “FP”.
El Programa Voluntario de Rotulación también es aplicable a los productos importados vendidos en los EE.UU., desde que ellos atiendan a los mismos criterios que los productos de base biológica fabricados en los EE.UU. Incluso en los casos en que los productos son considerados en sus países de origen como productos de base biológica, ellos sólo pueden llevar la etiqueta cuando atienden determinados criterios del USDA.
No hay fecha límite para hacer nuevas solicitudes. Las solicitudes hechas al Programa Voluntario de Rotulación son evaluadas de acuerdo a la orden de llegada. Las empresas sólo pueden usar la etiqueta en productos de base biológica que se describen en su solicitud y después de recibir el certificado correspondiente del USDA. Los que tuvieron sus solicitudes rechazadas pueden hacer solicitudes revisadas para que sean nuevamente consideradas.
La certificación es válida sólo si los productos certificados siguen manteniendo el contenido mínimo de base biológica. Si el USDA viene a revisar los niveles mínimos requeridos, el producto certificado debe atender a los nuevos requisitos para que pueda seguir utilizando la etiqueta.
Fuente: [Programa Voluntario de Rotulación para los Productos de Base Biológica (Regla Final)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Programa Voluntario de Rotulación para los Productos de Base Biológica (Regla Final)"), Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 13, publicado el 20 de Enero de 2011.
## Dos Programas BioPreferenciales
El Departamento de Agricultura de los EE.UU. tiene dos sistemas que forman parte del Programa BioPreferencial – un programa de adquisiciones para las agencias federales y un programa voluntario de rotulación para divulgación entre los consumidores. Creado a través de la ley “Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Bill)” y ampliado por el “Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (2008 Farm Bill)”, el Programa BioPreferencial tiene por objetivo incrementar el consumo de productos de base biológica en los Estados Unidos.
### Beta Analytic: Líder en el Método ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic pasó a formar parte del “American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96″ como coautora del método ASTM D6866 para el análisis del contenido de base biológica. Este estándar, que fue adoptado en julio de 2004, es una aplicación industrial de datación por carbono. La versión actualmente en vigor es ASTM D6866-22. Se menciona este método en el Programa BioPreferencial del USDA como “ASTM Method D6866.”
El “Center for Industrial Research and Service” (CIRAS) de la Universidad Estadual de Iowa de Ciencias y Tecnología, bajo la orientación del USDA, ayudó a definir el contenido mínimo de base biológica necesario para el Programa BioPreferencial. Hasta junio de 2004, Beta Analytic hubiera analizado más de 200 productos de base biológica para el centro CIRAS, entregando los resultados entre una y tres semanas. Beta Analytic, un laboratorio que trabaja en conformidad con la ISO 9001, ha demostrado ser un proveedor fiable de servicios a lo largo de los años.
*Beta Analytic ofrece servicios de análisis del contenido de base biológica. La empresa no está afiliada al Programa BioPreferencial del USDA.*
*Última actualización de la página: Mayo de 2022*
---
### [USDA biobevorzugenes freiwilligen Beschriftungsprogramm](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biobevorzugt.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Die USDA biobevorzugene freiwilligen Beschriftungsprogramm Endregelung trat an 22. Februar 2011 in Kraft.
- Das Programm, dass für einheimische und importierte Produkte anwendbar ist, benötigt eine [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 Biobased content testing") Zertifikation von einem ISO 9001 Labor.
- Beta Analytic, ein ISO 9001 Labor, dass zu der Entwicklung von ASTM D6866 beigetragen hat, liefert biobasierende Gehaltstests.
---
#### **Bereit, Proben zu senden?**
##### Bitte lesen Sie unsere Laboranweisungen für Antragsteller des [USDA Siegels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
Hinweis für alle Antragsteller – Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass Ihr Biobased Participant Agreement unterzeichnet und akzeptiert wurde. Wenn Sie eine Analyse in Auftrag geben, bevor Ihr Antrag akzeptiert wurde, akzeptiert das USDA das Ergebnis nicht, selbst wenn Sie eine Antragsnummer haben. Bitte lesen Sie das USDA Biopreferred Labeling Process Fact Sheet, bevor Sie die Proben an unser Labor senden. Ein Leitfaden zum beantragen des Siegels finden Sie auf der [USDA Website.](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
Das ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditierte Labor Beta Analytic ist nicht mit dem USDA BioPreferred Program affiliiert. Sie können sich jedoch gerne mit BETA ANALYTIC in Verbindung setzen, um zu erfahren, wie Sie Proben im Rahmen eines BioPreferred Voluntary Labeling Programs (Programme zur freiwilligen Kennzeichnung von biopreferred Produkten) einsenden können.
---
[Klicken Sie hier, um die Liste der USDA mit den Mindestanteilen für verschiedene biobasierte Produkte anzuzeigen](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ProductCategories.xhtml)
Das **freiwillige Beschriftungsprogramm** hat das Ziel Konsumenten zu helfen kommerziell erhältliche biobasierende Produkte zu identifizieren. Unter diesem Programm, können erfolgreiche Antragsteller (Hersteller und Verkäufer) ein unterscheidendes USDA Label an ihre Güter und Marketing Materialien anbringen, solange ihre Produkte die biobevorzugenden Programm Bedingungen erfüllen. Der biobasierende Mindestgehalt wurde unter dem USDA biobevorzugendes Föderale Beschaffung und Prioritäts- Programm aufgestellt. Produkte, die nicht in die existierende Kategorie des Föderalen Beschaffung und Prioritäts- Programm gehören, sind dennoch geeignet, wenn sie mindestens zu 25% biobasierend sind. Der biobasierende Mindestgehalt für alle Produkte sind Änderungen vorbehalten. Die USDA versucht den biobasierenden Mindestgehalt über die Zeit hinweg zu vergrößern, da die biobasierende Produkttechnologie sich stets weiterentwickelt.
Gemäß der USDA, sind biobasierende Produkte kommerzielle und industrielle Produkte (anderes als Lebensmitteln oder Futter), die als Ganzes oder in einem signifikante Teil der biologischen Produkten, erneuerbaren Agrikulturmaterialien (inklusive Pflanzen, Tiere und Marinematerialien) oder Materialien des Forstwesens, nach der Farm Rechnung in 2002 zusammengefasst wurden. Die Farm Rechnung von 2008 erweiterte die Definition von biobasierenden Produkten um biobasierende zwischenstufige Inhaltsstoffe oder Rohstoffe einzuschließen.
Haftungsausschluss: Dieses Video wird auf der Website Dritter bereit gestellt und kann Werbung enthalten.
Video mit freundlicher Genehmigung des USDA
## Die Benötigung von ASTM D6866
Außer den Produktinformationen, müssen Antragsteller die ASTM D6866 Testresultate als Beweis für den biobasierenden Gehalt des Produktes mitschicken, sowie die Dokumentation des ISO 9001 Testlabor. Antragsteller müssen der USDA die Produktmarkennamen, Kontaktinformationen und die URL Webseite (wenn verfügbar) mitteilen.
Die USDA versucht gelegentlich stichprobenartige ASTM D6866 Tests an geprüften Produkten durchzuführen um sicher zustellen, dass die biobasierenden Mindestgehaltsbedingungen erfüllt werden.
MEHRERE PRODUKTE – Für Produkte mit ähnlichem biobasierendem Gehalt, jedoch verschiedener Rezeptur, erlaubt die USDA repräsentative biobasierende Gehalttests, wenn die Produktrezeptur nicht über 3 Prozent abweicht, durchzuführen.
## Die USDA biobevorzugende Beschriftung
Das [USDA Beschriftungslabel](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/WhatLabelTellsYou.xhtml "USDA Beschriftungslabel") besteht aus einer Zeichnung, dem biobasierenden Gehaltsprozentanteil und eines dieser 3 Textvariationen: USDA zertifiziertes biobasierendes Produkt: USDA zertifiziertes biobasierendes Produkt: Verpackung oder USDA zertifiziertes biobasierende Produkte und Verpackung. Die Buchstaben “FP” erscheinen auf der Beschriftungszeichnung für Produkte, die auch Teil des föderalen bevorzugenden Beschaffungs- Programm.
Das freiwilligen Beschriftungs- Programm ist auch für Produkte anwendbar, die für den Verkauf in den USA importiert wurden, solange sie die selben Kriterien erfüllen wie die USA biobasierenden Produkten. Auch wenn einige Produkte in ihren Heimatländern als biobasierend gelten, können diese Produkte nur dann ein Beschriftungslabel erhalten, wenn sie auch die spezifischen USDA Kriterien erfüllen.
Es gibt keine spezifische Abgabefrist für die Antragsabgabe. Anträge für das freiwillige Beschriftungs- Programm werden nach dem “wer zu erst kommt Prinzip” bewertet. Unternehmen können die Beschriftungslabel nur für diejenigen biobasierenden Produkte verwenden, die sie in ihrem Antrag identifiziert haben und wenn sie die Zertikikation von der USDA erhalten haben. Abgelehnte Antragsteller können ihre Anträge für eine Nachprüfung einreichen.
Die Zertifikationen bleiben nur dann gültig, wenn die zertifizierten Produkte die Mindestanforderungen des biobasierenden Gehalts einhalten. Wenn die USDA die Mindestanforderungen überarbeitet, müssen die Produkte die neuen Anforderungen erfüllen, um das Beschriftungslabel weiterhin tragen zu können.
Quelle: [Freiwilliges Beschriftungs- Programm für biobasierende Produkte (Endgesetz)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2011-01-20/pdf/FR-2011-01-20.pdf "Freiwilliges Beschriftungs- Programm für biobasierende Produkte (Endgesetz)"), Föderale Registrierung Vol. 76 No. 13, veröffentlicht 20 Januar 2011
## 2 biobevorzugte Programme
Das US Department für Agrikultur hat zwei Systeme unter seinem biobevorzugten Programm – ein Beschaffungs- Programm für föderale Agenturen und ein freiwilliges Beschriftungslabeling Programm für Konsumenten Marketingzwecke. Kreiert bei der Farmsicherheit und dem ländlichen Investmentakt von 2002 (2002 Farm Rechnung) und vergrößert durch den Ernährungs-, Konservierung und Energie Akt von 2008 (2008 Farm Rechnung), hat das biobevorzugte Programm das Ziel den Konsum von biobasierenden Produkten in den USA zu vergrößern.
### Beta Analytic: Der Führer in ASTM D6866 Methoden
Beta Analytic hat sich der amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Materialtests (ASTM) angeschlossen, Unterkommission D20.96 als Co-Autor der ASTM D6866 biobasierenden Produktanalyse. Dieser Standard, eingeführt in Juli 2004, ist eine industriellen Anwendung von Radiokohlenstoff Datierung. Die derzeitige aktive Version ist ASTM D6866-22. Diese Methode wird in dem USDA biobevorzugten Programm als ASTM D6866 Methode bezeichnet.
Das Zentrum für industrielle Forschung und Service (CIRAS) der Universität für Wissenschaft und Technologie von Iowa, mit der USDA als Steuerhilfe, hilft den biobasierenden Mindestgehalt für das biobevorzugende Programm zu ermitteln. Bei Juni 2004, hat Beta Analytic mehr als 200 biobasierende Produkte für die CIRAS analisiert und Resultate innerhalb 1 – 3 Wochen geliefert. ISO 9001 Beta Analytic hat sich über die Jahre hinweg zu einem zuverlässigen Servicelieferant entwickelt.
*Beta Analytic liefert biobasierende Gehaltstests. Das Unternehmen ist nicht mit dem USDA Biobevorzugten Programm verbunden.*
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Mai 2022*
---
### [Carbon-14 分析: 偽装検出のツール](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fraud-detection.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
物質に含まれる放射性炭素 (Carbon-14)濃度を調べることによって、天然由来の物質なのか真正を評価することができます。 様々な研究が示すように、バニラビーンズ由来のバニリンや、シナモンオイルやビターアーモンドオイルといったエッセンシャルオイル、その他の天然アロマオイル、 コーヒーや紅茶由来のカフェイン、酢酸、クエン酸、クルクミン（ターメリック抽出物）、オリーブオイルのような食用油、ゴマ、トウモロコシ、スクアラン、菜種などの天然由来の製品と、その対となる石油化学由来の製品を区別するために放射性炭素 (Carbon-14)分析を利用することができます。
放射性炭素 (Carbon-14)分析を使って製品が天然由来か 合成由来を調べる方法は新しいものではありません。 何十年にも渡り有用で正確なツールとして行われてきました。 しかし今では、dpm/g (壊変毎分毎グラム)や放射性炭素年代といった用語を解釈する必要がなく、規制側や消費者側のどちらからも簡単に理解でき利用可能なわかりやすい用語に置き換えられています。
2011年には、the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention (米国薬局方協会、USP)は、[The Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex") (食品用公定化学品集、FCC)に、食用サプリメントや食品の天然由来原料の真正を保証する方法としてバイオベース度試験を追加しました。
## Carbon-14 はどのようにして石油由来の物質を検出することができるのでしょうか？
ASTM D6866やISO 16620-2といった標準化された方法に則り、放射性炭素 (C14)分析を通じて、物質の合成成分を検出することができます。 天然由来の物質は一定の濃度の放射性炭素を含んでいます。 一方で石油由来の成分から成る物質は顕著に低い放射性炭素レベルを示します。 食品、飲料、薬品、化粧品の人工添加物のうち石油由来の物質には放射性炭素が残っていません。
例えば、再生可能由来物質（植物抽出物）のみから作られた製品AはISO 16620-2によれば、バイオベース度は100％です。 自然抽出物と合成化合物が混合した製品では、バイオベースド試験結果は、その混合割合に応じて、0％と100％の間の結果が出ます。
[Carbon-14 試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-authenticity-testing-methods/ "Carbon-14 試験")では、植物成分のような最近まで生息していた原料を由来としたバイオベース系の内容物と、化石由来の内容物を区別します。 試験では、それぞれの原材料の種類は特定することはできませんが、天然由来または合成由来の炭素含有率を決定します。
## Beta Analyticの高品質な天然由来製品の真正試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定のBeta Analyticは、 香料(フレーバー、フレグランス)、添加物、着色料、化粧品、栄養補助食品、その他の食品・医薬品・飲料に含まれる化学成分の天然 vs 合成の割合を決定する放射性炭素分析を提供します。
弊社ラボでは、国際規格 ASTM D6866またはISO 16620-2に準拠して、製品の天然 vs 合成の成分の割合をご報告します。いずれの規格も、再生可能な原料またはバイオマス由来の物質に含まれる炭素の割合を正確に測定するC14（放射性炭素）分析について記載された国際標準規格です。
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-applicants.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# USDA BioPreferred® Program Application
Measuring % Biobased Carbon Content by ASTM D6866 analysis
We welcome inquiries on ASTM D6866 biobased content testing.
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## USDA Certified Biobased Application Reminders:
- Before submitting your samples, please consult directly with the BioPreferred Program.
[How to apply for BioPreferred Certification?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
- Make sure your Biobased Participant Agreement has been signed and accepted.
- Results obtained in advance of the signed agreement and acceptance into the program will not be accepted by the USDA.
---
SGS Beta is not affiliated with the USDA or the BioPreferred Program.*
---
## Ready to submit samples for ASTM D6866 analysis?
**1. Prepare the required sample size and containers**
SGS Beta has a general guideline for [biobased products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html) sample size requirements. However, due to the sub-sampling conditions specific to the BioPreferred Program, **we highly recommend that you** [**contact an SGS Beta account manager in your region.**](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
After you sign the Participant Agreement, the BioPreferred Program will instruct you to contact us to discuss the details of the analysis, including appropriate quantity to send and where to send it.
**Is sub-sampling allowed?**
| **The USDA Certified Biobased application will ask you to list your product as:** | **Definition** | **Is sub-sampling allowed?** | **SGS Beta Lab Notes** |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intermediate | A raw material which is sold, then modified or used in making a “retail” product which is then purchased by the consumer | Yes (in any appropriate packaging) | We will take a picture once we receive your sample in our Miami lab. |
| Retail | A product that is purchased directly by the consumer or is packaging used “as-is” to contain a product purchased by the consumer | No (send product in its final consumer packaging) | We are required to take a picture of this as third-party validation of what was analyzed, i.e. the result was obtained on material taken from the same container shown in the photo. |
NOTE: You cannot sub-sample and take a picture yourself. There is no self-declaration option for retail product sub-sampling at this time. If you would like to sub-sample a retail product before submitting it to us, please consult the USDA BioPreferred Program.
**Does your product have a hazardous component?**
Please ensure that your products can be safely disposed of in the state of Florida. For example, bleach is okay but certain solvents are not. If in doubt, please consult us before submitting the sample.
**REMINDERS:**
SDS Required – Chemicals must include SDS/MSDS. You can email a copy to your SGS Beta account manager or upload it to your online data sheet.
Packing Materials – When sending intermediates in vials, you may use coarse-grade vermiculite or other materials with paper-based filling. Do not use vermiculite powder.
Packaging – Please send samples in sturdy boxes instead of envelopes to protect the vials and Ziploc bags from being crushed while in transit.
Heterogeneity issues – Results will only be representative of the actual material analyzed. Heterogeneous materials should be discussed with the laboratory prior to analysis to ensure the sample is representative of the whole product.
Presence of Carbonates – The lab needs to know if your product contains carbonates. Discussion must be pursued prior to analysis to ensure accurate results.
ASTM D6866 requires carbonate components to be excluded from the biobased content result. Special procedures are required for materials containing carbonates. Contact the BioPreferred Program (biobasedtesting@im-strat.com) with any questions on **testing samples with undetectable or encapsulated inorganic carbon**.
[SGS Beta doesn’t accept samples with artificial isotopes.](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/)
**2. Fill out SGS Beta’s submission form**
**Our Services & Turnaround Time**
Standard Service – results are reported in 7 business days or less
Priority Service – 4 business days or less
**Choose the correct form.**
Use our [“Biobased & USDA Samples”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/) form.
Add your USDA Application Number and the Documentation of Sample Selection by Manufacturer/Vendor forms. These forms are attached to the email notification you will receive from the USDA BioPreferred Program.
Let us know if your samples have volatile components or carbonates.
**3. Ship samples to Miami, Florida, or to our forwarding offices**
See our [US address and forwarding offices](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html) in the UK, Europe, China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan.
Contact us before sending your samples to any of our international forwarding offices for instructions. The shipper is responsible for handling the administrative requirements to release the shipment.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
All hazardous materials (containing combustible elements) must adhere to International Air Transport Association (IATA) regulations; details can be found in the Fedex Packaging [Dangerous Goods section](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html).
Email Confirmation – An SGS Beta representative will confirm the safe arrival of your package and the delivery date for your results. NOTE: Our quoted turnaround time starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends. Samples delivered after 3:00 PM EST will be logged the following business day.
**For details on** [**customs declaration**](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)**,** [**de minimis shipping**](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapse7)**, and other information, please visit our FAQ page.**
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for ASTM D6866 testing to all USDA BioPreferred applicants.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: December 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# ISO 13833 Testing Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Measuring the Ratio of Biogenic vs Fossil-derived CO2
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
- **ISO 13833:2013** determines the ratio of **biomass-derived and fossil-derived carbon dioxide** from stationary source emissions via radiocarbon analysis.
- SGS Beta provides ISO 13833 test results in 7 business days or less.
- [Email us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html "Email us") to learn more about this analysis or request a sample report from an SGS Beta account manager.
## About ISO 13833 Testing
Published in March 2013 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), this analytical standard was developed to address the need for accurate and reliable data for carbon emissions trading.
ISO 13833 testing specifically provides sampling strategies and methods for the determination of the fractions of biomass-derived and fossil-derived CO2 in the total emitted CO2 from exhaust gases of stationary sources. Under this standard, CO2 samples can be collected as a gas or absorbed in liquid or solid alkaline media.
ISO 13833 presents strategies for integrated sampling for periods from 1 hour up to 1 month.
To learn more, obtain a copy for a fee from the ISO website: [ISO 13833:2013 Stationary source emissions — Determination of the ratio of biomass (biogenic) and fossil-derived carbon dioxide — Radiocarbon sampling and determination.](https://www.iso.org/standard/54332.html)
## What does biogenic mean?
The ISO 13833 analytical standard defines the term biogenic as “produced in natural processes by living organisms but not fossilized or derived from fossil resources.”
Stack gas carbon dioxide emissions can be a mixture of biogenic carbon and fossil carbon depending on the fuel combusted in a facility. For example, cement plants may need ISO 13833 testing due to their use of [municipal solid waste as fuel](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "municipal solid waste as fuel"), which has both biomass (e.g. paper) and fossil-derived components (e.g. plastics).
## Why Choose SGS Beta
[Previously known as Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-management.html "SGS Beta"), our ISO 17025-accredited laboratory has provided high-quality ISO 13833 testing to various companies since 2013. Our radiocarbon laboratory offers two services: Standard (results reported in 7 business days) and Priority (results reported in 4 business days or less).
SGS Beta provides professional client support in various languages, including German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, Chinese and Korean.
Clients can take advantage of our [forwarding offices worldwide](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html). SGS Beta will send the samples from these offices to the lab in Miami, Florida, for radiocarbon analysis via accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
#### Ready to send carbon dioxide emissions for ISO 13833 testing?
[See guidelines here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)
Page last updated: November 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** July 20, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# EN 16640 Testing for Biobased Products
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
- Test results are expressed as a fraction of sample mass or total carbon content.
- At SGS Beta, we provide biobased carbon content results as a fraction of the total carbon content in 7 business days or less.
- We only offer EN 16640 testing via accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
## About EN 16640 Testing
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 411 published EN 16640 in August 2017.
There are three test methods specified in EN 16640 for measuring biobased content – liquid scintillation counting (LSC), beta-ionization (BI), and accelerator mass spectrometry. Under EN 16640, the biobased carbon content of a material is expressed as a fraction of sample mass or as a fraction of the total carbon content. This calculation method is applicable to any product containing organic carbon, including biocomposites.
AMS has several advantages over BI and LSC:
- It is more accurate (the standard deviation is as low as 0.1%)
- It applies to all material types regardless of color or viscosity.
- The analysis requires small sample sizes that make it more convenient for shipment.
For more information, you can buy a copy of the standard: [EN 16640:2017: Bio-based products – Bio-based carbon content – Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method](https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen/53004db7-e85b-433a-9ed5-5aaed4242fde/en-16640-2017?srsltid=AfmBOoruqoYIiI1Dm9mVANgYT70SbGjJvyoop6_TTuiGGwBDlu8STLct)
You might also be interested in:
[AMS vs Radiometric Techniques, e.g. Liquid Scintillation Counting](https://youtu.be/lokbnSvWwhQ) (VIDEO)
[Other analytical standards for biobased products around the world](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html)
### SGS Beta only offers EN 16640 Testing with the AMS Method
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited SGS Beta offers two services for clients who need EN 16640 biobased carbon testing by AMS — **Standard** (results are reported in 7 business days) and **Priority** (results are available in 4 business days or less).
Formerly known as Beta Analytic, our Miami-based laboratory accepts non-hazardous samples at our forwarding offices worldwide ([see shipping addresses here](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)). If your samples are hazardous, please send them directly to our headquarters in Florida, USA, following De Minimis Shipping guidelines.
[Contact us for more information](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html) before sending your samples so we can provide shipping instructions applicable to your region.
#### Ready to send biobased products for EN 16640 testing?
[Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866-05-shipping.html)
Page last updated: October 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# What is ASTM D6866?
- ASTM D6866 is an analytical standard developed originally to determine the biobased content of products for the USDA BioPreferred® Program.
- For biobased products and natural ingredients, **ASTM D6866** measures the percentage of biobased carbon as a fraction of the product’s Total Organic Carbon (TOC).
- For biofuels, CO2 emissions, waste fuels, and fuel gases/hydrocarbon gases, ASTM D6866 reports the percentage of biogenic carbon as a fraction of Total Carbon (TC).
SGS Beta only offers ASTM D6866 testing Method B – Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). [Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html "Request a quote")
## Biobased Carbon vs Biogenic Carbon
While some industries use “biobased carbon” and “biogenic carbon” interchangeably, they have a specific difference as defined in the ASTM D6866 standard:
“Biobased” means containing **organic carbon** of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, marine, or forestry materials living in a natural environment in equilibrium with the atmosphere. Biobased carbon content is the amount of biobased carbon in the material or product as a percent of the **Total Organic Carbon (TOC)** in the product.
“Biogenic” means containing **carbon (organic and inorganic)** of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, macroorganisms, marine, or forestry materials. Biogenic carbon content is the amount of biogenic carbon in the material or product as a percent of the **Total Carbon (TC)** in the product.
| **Industries** | **Term Used** | **Carbon Measured** |
|---|---|---|
| [Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased.html "Biobased Products") | Biobased | Total Organic Carbon |
| [Natural Ingredients](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html "Natural Ingredients"), e.g. F&F | Biobased | Total Organic Carbon |
| [Biofuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels.html "Biofuels") | Biogenic | Total Carbon |
| [Fuel Gases](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html "Fuel Gases") | Biogenic | Total Carbon |
| [Waste-to-energy](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon.html "Waste-to-energy") | Biogenic | Total Carbon |
Read More on [Total Carbon vs Total Organic Carbon](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "Total Carbon vs Total Organic Carbon")
## Why SGS Beta only offers ASTM D6866 Method B (AMS)
SGS Beta routinely releases results in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for clients requiring results in 4 business days or less. The lab consistently delivers results at these turnaround times by using an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS).
ASTM D6866 testing by AMS is faster than ASTM D6866 testing by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). AMS is an advanced method compared to LSC; it is more accurate, precise and applicable to all types of samples regardless of color or viscosity.
The AMS method only requires a few milligrams per sample compared to the LSC method, thereby making sample transport more convenient for clients.
[Contact us for more information on ASTM D6866 testing.](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html "Contact")
## ASTM D6866 Overview
ASTM D6866 was developed at the request of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to satisfy legislation requiring federal agencies to give preference in procurement to manufacturers using the greatest amount of biomass in their products (per the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002).
The standard was first published in 2004. There have been several versions released since then, with the correction factor periodically adjusted to make the standard more accurate relative to the current global atmospheric carbon measurement.
ASTM D6866 is applicable to laboratories working without exposure to artificial carbon-14. Details are found in the [official ASTM D6866 page](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html).
### About SGS Beta
Formerly known as Beta Analytic, SGS Beta joined the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96 to help author ASTM D6866 in 2004. Today, ISO 17025-accredited SGS Beta is the world’s largest biobased/biogenic content testing laboratory.
SGS Beta is a [natural level isotope laboratory](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/).
### You might also be interested in:
[\[VIDEO\] AMS vs Radiometric Techniques, e.g. Liquid Scintillation Counting](https://youtu.be/lokbnSvWwhQ)
[Biobased Content Terms and Definitions](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)
[Other Analytical Standards for Biobased Products](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html "Test Standards")
---
Page last updated: April 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon.html)
**Published:** July 11, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Biogenic Carbon Testing of CO2 Emissions and Waste-derived Fuels
Measuring % Biogenic Carbon versus % Fossil Carbon of carbon dioxide emissions and waste fuels.
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## What does “biogenic” mean?
Biogenic means containing carbon (organic and inorganic) of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, macroorganisms, marine, or forestry materials, according to the ASTM D6866 analytical standard.
## Fuels and emissions that can be tested
Biogenic carbon testing applies to waste fuels and [stack gas carbon dioxide (CO2)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html).
Waste-derived fuels have biomass-derived portions (e.g. paper, wood) and fossil-based components (e.g. plastics). Examples of waste-derived fuels include [municipal solid waste (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), [refuse-derived fuel (RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html), [tire-derived fuel (TDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html) and [sewage sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html).
## Measuring % Biogenic Carbon
Carbon-14 is only present in living or recently expired material, while petroleum does not contain any C14. Most of the tested materials are a mixture of present-day Carbon-14 and fossil carbon. The ratio of the amount of Carbon-14 in the unknown sample to that of a modern reference standard is reported as “percent Modern Carbon (pMC). From this value, the biogenic carbon content can be determined. Carbon-14 testing using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is the most effective method to determine the biogenic carbon content.
## Quantifying Biogenic Content by Carbon-14 Analysis
- Reach your decarbonization and net-zero goals
- CO2 emitters require testing to comply with [greenhouse gas protocols](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html) and carbon emissions trading
- Waste-derived fuel users obtain precise and accurate data instead of estimating biogenic fraction of emissions or using acid dissolution tests, both of which can be less accurate than the C14 method
## Biogenic Testing Reporting Standards
- [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) – % Biogenic Carbon is expressed as a fraction of total carbon
- [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) – % Biogenic Carbon is expressed as a fraction of total carbon of the emissions
- [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html) – % Biogenic Carbon is expressed as a fraction of total carbon of the waste-derived fuel
## SGS Beta’s Biogenic Content Testing Services
- Standard Service – results are reported in 7 business days or less
- Priority Service – 4 business days or less
Ready to submit samples for testing? Read our guidelines on [carbon dioxide emissions](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html) and [waste fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biogenic-waste-fuels/shipping.html).
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#### We also accept hydrocarbon and fuel gases for biogenic content testing.
[Read More](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html)
Page last updated: January 2024
---
### [メソッド＆品質管理](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ベータ・アナリティック社は [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)で概説されているケミカル・メソッドを利用しています。この標準規格は ASTM :英語のみ よりダウンロードしていただけます(有料)。
当社における品質管理では、すべての結果に対し精確な結果報告を行なうことが保証されており、社内規格により厳しく管理されております。論理的、化学的な正確さはそれぞれの実験段階で、次の段階に進む前に実験を行なった者とは別の者によって確認されます 。また精確性、再現性の継続的な評価・モニタリングのために社内および社外での管理が定期的に行なわれています。
結果に対する分析計算及び報告には、各結果を複数照合検査できるインハウスソフトウェアが利活用されています。照合検査に関する全リストを本ウェブサイトに掲載することはしておりませんが、 ベータ・アナリティック社ISO-17025品質保証に概説されている品質管理方針は300ページにも及ぶ幅広い照合検査内容となっています。
ベータ・アナリティック社では、核物質貯蔵分野における前年度の活動実績の品質保証プログラムが、エネルギー省により毎年監査されます。
---
### [Beta 연구소의 품질 관리](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta 연구소는 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 의 실험 매뉴얼에 있는 화학적 방법을 이용하여 실험을 합니다. 이 표준 실험 방법에 대한 자세한 내용은 ASTM 에서 구매하여 보실 수 있습니다.
Beta 연구소에서 행하는 모든 측정의 품질 관리는 모든 결과에 대해 정확한 보고가 될 수 있도록 하기 위해 고안된 것들입니다. 자체 내부의 기준에 따라 일상적으로 운영되고 있으며, 각 분석 단계마다 반복적인 상호 확인(바 코딩 포함) 작업을 거칩니다. 지속적인 실험실의 정확성과 재현 성을 검사하고 확인하기 위해 반복적, 그리고 지속적으로 내 외부 기관의 검증을 받고 있습니다.
각종 계산과 결과 보고서 작업은 각 결과의 반복적인 상호 확인을 위해 만들어진 자체 소프트웨어에 의해 이루어지고 있습니다. 다양한 상호 확인 절차는 Beta 연구소의 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증서의 품질 보장 조항에 따르고 있으며, 이는 약 300 페이지에 달하는 품질 관리 시행서로 이루어져 있습니다.
Beta 연구소의 품질 보장 프로그램은 1994년부터 2008년까지 매년 Department of Energy (DOE)/U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)와 Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM)의 감사를 받아 왔으며, 2008년 이후부터는 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 실험으로 대치되어 감사 받고 있습니다.
## 품질 보장 보고서 (Quality Assurance Report)
Beta 연구소의 고객들은 실험 결과 보고서와 함께 품질 보장 보고서를 받게 됩니다. 이 품질 보장 보고서에는 방사성탄소 분석에 같이 쓰였던 참고 물질의 결과를 보여드립니다. 이미 값을 알고 있는 참고 물질을 샘플과 동시에 분석하여, 실험 결과를 알고 있는 결과와 확인 작업을 거쳐 샘플의 실험이 제대로 측정되었는지 확인하는 것입니다. 이 결과는 기대 값 대 결과 값으로 보고되며, 보고 값은 NIST SRM-4990C을 이용해서 계산하고 마지막으로 동위원소 분별을 통해 보정합니다. 최종 결과 값은 직접 분석 측정치인 percent modern carbon (pMC)로 표시되며, 상대적 표준 오차를 가지고 있습니다.
---
### [Contrôle qualité Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/lab-qa.html)
**Published:** March 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic emploie les méthodes chimiques indiquées dans la norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html). Cette norme peut être téléchargée (moyennant des frais) sur le site Internet de l’ASTM.
Chez BETA, les mesures de contrôle qualité sont destinées à garantir le report exact de tous les résultats. Des références internes sont analysées tous les jours. De nombreuses vérifications croisées (codage à barres y compris) sont réalisées lors de chaque analyse. Des contrôles internes et externes sont effectués quotidiennement afin de mesurer et garantir l’exactitude des résultats ainsi que la reproductibilité.
Le calcul et le report des résultats sont réalisés à l’aide d’un logiciel interne qui comprend de nombreuses vérifications croisées pour chaque résultat. Un vaste système de vérifications croisées est détaillé dans l’engagement pris par BETA en faveur du contrôle qualité qui est exposé dans les documents d’assurance qualité ISO 17025 du laboratoire.
Le programme d’assurance qualité de Beta Analytic a été audité chaque année de 1994 à 2008 par le ministère américain de l’Energie (Department of Energy, DOE), la commission géologique des Etats-Unis (U.S. Geological Survey, USGS) et le bureau de gestion des déchets radioactifs civils (Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, OCRWM). En 2008, les audits d’assurance qualité annuels ont été suspendus car notre accréditation ISO/IEC 17025:2017 a été reconnue comme étant supérieure aux exigences des DOE, USGS et OCRWM.
## Rapport assurance qualité
Les clients Beta Analytic reçoivent un rapport d’assurance qualité avec leurs résultats. Ce rapport fournit les résultats des matériaux de référence utilisés pour valider les analyses radiocarbone avant communication des résultats. Les matériaux de référence à valeur connue sont analysés en même temps que les matériaux à valeur inconnue. Les résultats sont reportés comme valeurs attendues par rapport aux valeurs mesurées. Les valeurs reportées sont calculées par rapport aux instruments de référence standard du NIST SRM-4990C et corrigées pour le fractionnement isotopique. Les résultats sont reportés en utilisant le pourcentage de carbone moderne (pMC) de la mesure analytique directe avec un écart-type relatif.
---
### [Beta Analytic Quality Control](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)
**Published:** August 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic utilizes chemical methods as outlined in [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) and other analytical standards. These standards are available for download online for a fee.
Quality control measures at Beta Analytic are designed to ensure the accurate reporting of every result. Internal standards are run daily. Multiple cross-checks (including bar-coding) are performed throughout each analysis. Internal and external controls are analyzed routinely to measure and monitor ongoing laboratory accuracy and reproducibility.
Calculation and reporting of results are performed using in-house software with built-in multiple cross-checks for each result. A broad system of cross-checks comprises 300 pages of quality control commitment outlined in BETA’s ISO-17025 quality assurance documentation.
Beta Analytic’s Quality Assurance Program was annually audited from 1994 through 2008 by the Department of Energy (DOE)/U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM). In 2008 annual QA audits were suspended due to the acceptance of our ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Testing Accreditation as being superior to what even the DOE, USGS and OCRWM required.
## Quality Assurance Report
Beta Analytic clients receive Quality Assurance reports with their results. The QA report provides the results of reference materials used to validate radiocarbon analyses prior to reporting. Known value reference materials were analyzed quasi-simultaneously with the unknowns. Results are reported as expected values vs measured values. Reported values are calculated relative to NIST SRM-4990C and corrected for isotopic fractionation. Results are reported using the direct analytical measure percent modern carbon (pMC) with one relative standard deviation.
---
### [守秘義務の厳守](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-confidentiality-policy.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ベータ・アナリティック社では、連邦政府や国による分析の要求以外は、サンプル依頼者、代理人、また分析に対して代金を支払う組織(もしサンプル提出者と異なる場合)以外のいかなる団体にも情報は提供いたしません。
複数の団体が結果にアクセスできるようにするためには、サンプル依頼者は結果を受け取るそれぞれ個人名を提供する必要があります。
ベータ・アナリティック社はすべての結果を依頼者の財産と考えております。
 ベータ・アナリティック社 加速器質量分析室
---
### [비밀 준수 조항과 정보의 소유권에 관한 규정](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-confidentiality-policy.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta 연구소의 규정에 따라 모든 정보는 연방 정부나 주 정부의 요구가 아닌 이상, 실험 의뢰서에 적혀있는 샘플 제출자, 제출자의 대리인, 분석 비용을 지불한 자 (샘플 제출자와 다를 경우)에게만 제공됩니다.
샘플 제출자 이외 실험 결과를 알고 싶은 당사자가 있으면, 샘플 제출자는 반드시 실험 결과를 받고자 하는 사람의 명단을 데이터시트에 적어야 합니다.
Beta 연구소는 모든 실험 결과는 샘플 제출자인 고객의 재산이라 간주합니다
---
### [Confidentiality and Proprietary Information Policy](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-confidentiality-policy.html)
**Published:** August 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
It is the policy of Beta Analytic Inc. not to release information to any inquiring party other than the submitter, their representatives, and the entities paying for the analyses (if different than the submitter), except when required to do so by federal or state demand.
## Access by Multiple Clients
If multiple parties are to have access to results, the submitter must provide the names of the individuals authorized to receive the results.
Beta Analytic considers all results to be the property of the submitting entities.
---
### [お問い合わせ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [연락처](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Contattaci](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Contactez-nous](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Kontaktieren Sie uns](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Published:** August 26, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [SGS Beta’s Forwarding Offices Worldwide](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Published:** August 16, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Beta 연구소의 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta 연구소는 [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) (PJLA Testing #59423)본사는 분석 실험실로서 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 취득한 최초의 방사성탄소 실험실입니다. 이로서 Beta 연구소는 방사성탄소 측정 분야 실험 연구소로서는 세계에서 유일한 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 연구소가 되었으며, 이 인증을 받았다는 것은 실험과 보정 분야의 연구소로서 최고 품질을 보장한다는 것입니다.
마이애미에 소재한 Beta 연구소는 가속질량분석기 [(Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)을 이용한 천연 상태의 방사성탄소 측정 분야 및 동위원소질량분석기 (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry – IRMS)와 광자감쇠분광법 (Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS)을 이용한 탄소, 질소, 산소 안정 동위원소 분석 분야에서 기술적 완성도를 오랫동안 보여주고 있습니다.
#### ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 하에 Beta 연구소가 행하는 실험은 다음과 같습니다.
(a) AMS 을 이용한 고고학과 지질학 연구, 물의 방사성탄소 연대측정/방사성탄소 활동;
(b) IRMS와 CRDS를 활용하여 유기물질, 탄산염, 물의 탄소, 수소, 질소, 산소의 안정 동위원소 비 분석;
(c) [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-16620.html), [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-19984.html)을 통한 고체, 액체 , 기체의 탄소 함유 자연 성분 물질의 바이오기반 탄소 함량;
(d) ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.을 통한 고체 물질 특히 고체폐기연료 (SRF)나 재생 연료 (RDF)의 바이오기반 탄소 함량.
모든 실험 결과는 ISO-17025 인증이 되어 있습니다. ISO 9001 인증은 회계나 고용과 관련한 비즈니스 경영 인증이지만, ISO/IEC 17025:2017는 “실험 결과의 증명”을 실험하는 실험실 품질 보장 절차에 대한 인증 제도로서 상당히 까다롭습니다. 각종 데이터의 진행 과정 파악, 상호 체크 사항, 각종 서류 관리, 보고의 정확성, 기술자들의 경력 같은 내용을 확인합니다. Beta 연구소의 경우, 실험실과 경영 관리 서류가 약 460 페이지에 달하는 인증 절차를 준수해야 합니다.
Beta 연구소의 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증은 고도의 정확성과 신뢰성의 실험 연구소로서 명성을 확인시켜주는 것이며, 방사성탄소 연대측정 분야에서뿐만 아니라 재생 탄소 실험이나 바이오 매스 함량 실험 분야에서 최고의 자리에 있다는 것을 증명해줍니다. 이 인증 제도는 세계 약 130개국의 실험 인증 기관뿐만 아니라 각국 정부/규제 기구 모두 인정 해주고 있습니다.
## Joint IAF-ILAC-ISO Communique
The International Accreditation Forum (IAF) 와 International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) 은 ISO와 함께 다음과 같이 의견 일치를 보았습니다. “ISO/IEC 17025:2017의 요구 조건들을 충족시키는 실험실은 기술적 완성도에 대한 요구 사항과 경영 시스템 상의 요구 사항을 모두 충족시켜 기술적으로 유효한 실험 결과와 보정을 일정하게 제공해주고 있다.” ISO/IEC 17025:2017에서 요구하는 경영 시스템 상의 요구 사항은 ISO 9001:2015의 품질 경영 시스템상의 요구 사항과 일치하며, 적절한 요구 사항들과 일치한다는 것을 보여주고 있습니다.
****2023년 5월 업데이트****
---
### [Certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 do Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O Beta recebeu a certificação ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 da organização [“Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.”](https://www.pjlabs.com/) Nossa empresa é a primeira prestadora de serviços de datação por radiocarbono do mundo que alcançou a certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 como laboratório de análises. A certificação ISO/IEC 17025 é o mais alto nível de reconhecimento de qualidade que um laboratório de análises ou calibração pode alcançar.
O laboratório Beta Analytic em Miami demonstra competência técnica na medição dos níveis naturais de radiocarbono com o uso de [espectrometria de massa com aceleradores – (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/datacao-radiocarbono-ams.html), bem como na medição das razões de isótopos estáveis de carbono, nitrogênio e oxigênio por espectrometria de massa de razões isotópicas (IRMS) e espectroscopia por cavidade ressonante tipo ring-down (CRDS).
#### Os testes específicos que constam na certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 dizem respeito à determinação:
(a) da idade e atividade de radiocarbono em amostras arqueológicas, geológicas e de água, com a técnica AMS;
(b) das razões de isótopos estáveis de carbono, nitrogênio e oxigênio em materiais orgânicos carbonatados, com as técnicas IRMS e CRDS;
(c) do teor de carbono de base biológica de uma gama de materiais naturais em quaisquer materiais sólidos, líquidos ou gasosos que contenham carbono, com os métodos [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-16620.html) e [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-19984.html);
(d) do teor de biocarbono de materiais sólidos, tais como combustíveis sólidos recuperados (CSR) ou combustíveis derivados de resíduos (CDR), com as normas ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
Todos os resultados recebem a certificação ISO-17025. A ISO-17025 é uma acreditação rigorosa dos procedimentos de controle de qualidade dos laboratórios, que testa a “prova de resultados”. A certificação aborda questões como rastreabilidade de dados, verificação cruzada, controle de documentos, precisão de reportagem e experiência do pessoal técnico. No caso do Beta Analytic, os procedimentos certificados utilizados nas análises de amostras têm respaldo em 460 páginas de controles laboratoriais e de gestão, devidamente documentados.
A acreditação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 obtida pelo Beta Analytic reforça sua reputação como um laboratório de análises de alta competência e confiança, e faz dele uma excelente escolha não apenas para datações por radiocarbono, mas também para análises de carbono renovável e de base biológica. A certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 é aceita por mais de 130 das mais importantes organizações de acreditação de laboratórios ao redor do mundo, assim como por agências reguladoras e governamentais.
## Comunicado conjunto IAF-ILAC-ISO
O International Accreditation Forum (IAF) e o International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) concordam com a norma ISO que “o cumprimento dos requisitos da ISO/IEC 17025:2017 por parte de um laboratório significa que o mesmo atende aos requisitos de competência técnica e de sistemas de gestão necessários para que entregue calibrações e resultados tecnicamente válidos e de forma consistente.” As exigências dos sistemas de gestão na ISO/IEC 17025:2017 atendem os princípios da ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de Gestão de Qualidade – Requisitos, e estão alinhadas com seus requisitos pertinentes.
*Última atualização: maio de 2023*
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### [La certificazione ISO/IEC 17025:2017 di Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic ha ricevuto la certificazione ISO/IEC 17025:2017 dalla [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) (PJLA Testing #59423). Il laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio di Beta è stato il primo al mondo a ricevere l’accreditamento ISO/IEC 17025:2017, che rappresenta il massimo livello di qualità che un laboratorio di analisi o calibrazione può raggiungere.
Il laboratorio di Beta Analytic a Miami ha dimostrato competenza tecnica sia nella misurazione dei livelli naturali di radiocarbonio tramite [spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/datazione-radiocarbonio-ams.html), sia nella misurazione dei rapporti fra isotopi stabili di carbonio, azoto e ossigeno tramite spettrometria di massa isotopica (IRMS) e Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS).
#### I test specifici coperti dalla certificazione ISO/IEC 17025:2017 includono la determinazione di:
(a) età/attività radiocarbonica di campioni archeologici, geologici e d’acqua tramite AMS;
(b) rapporti tra isotopi stabili di carbonio, azoto e ossigeno in materiali organici e carbonati tramite IRMS e CRDS;
(c) contenuto di carbonio biobased di materiali di origine naturale su qualsiasi materiale solido, liquido o gassoso contenente carbonio, in conformità alle norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html) e [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-19984.html);
(d) contenuto di carbonio biogenico di combustibili solidi secondari (CSS) o combustibili derivati da rifiuti (CDR), in conformità alle norme ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
Tutti i risultati sono accreditati ISO/IEC 17025:2017. ISO/IEC 17025:2017 è una certificazione rigorosa delle procedure di garanzia di qualità interne a un laboratorio, che prende in considerazione aspetti come la tracciabilità dei dati, i controlli incrociati, la documentazione, l’accuratezza dei referti e l’esperienza dei tecnici. Nel caso di Beta Analytic, le procedure accreditate utilizzate nelle analisi dei campioni sono supportate da 460 pagine di documentazione sulle procedure di controllo del laboratorio e della gestione.
La certificazione ISO/IEC 17025:2017 ricevuta da Beta ha contribuito alla sua reputazione di laboratorio competente e affidabile e la rende una scelta di alta qualità, non solo per la datazione al radiocarbonio ma anche per l’analisi del carbonio rinnovabile e biobased. ISO/IEC 17025:2017 è accettata da oltre 130 enti certificatori, governativi e regolatori in tutto il mondo.
## Comunicato congiunto IAF-ILAC-ISO
IAF (International Accreditation Forum) e ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation) concordano con ISO nel dire che “la conformità di un laboratorio ai requisiti ISO/IEC 17025:2017 significa che questo possiede le competenze tecniche e il sistema di gestione necessari a offrire costantemente risultati e calibrazioni validi dal punto di vista tecnico”. I requisiti del sistema di gestione di ISO/IEC 17025:2017 si basano sui principi della norma ISO 9001:2015 Sistemi di gestione qualità – Requisiti e sono in linea con i suoi requisiti.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: maggio 2023*
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### [Accréditation ISO/IEC 17025:2017 de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic a obtenu l’accréditation ISO/IEC 17025:2017 par le [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) Elle est la première entreprise de datation au radiocarbone à être dans ce cas. L’ISO/IEC 17025 est la norme la plus élevée pour un laboratoire de mesures et de calibration.
Le laboratoire de Beta Analytic à Miami a prouvé à plusieurs reprises ces compétences techniques dans la mesure du niveau de carbone 14 avec un [Spectromètre de Masse Accélérée (SMA)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/datation-radiocarbone-ams.html), ainsi que les ratios avec l’isotope stable du carbone, l’azote et l’oxygène par Spectrométrie de Masse à Ratios Isotopiques (SMRI) et Spectroscopie à cavité optique (CRDS).
#### La norme ISO/IEC 17025:2017 couvre notamment les tests concernant :
(a) l’âge et activité du radiocarbone pour les reliques archéologiques, les prélèvements géologiques et les échantillons d’eau avec l’AMS.
(b) les ratios d’isotopes stables de carbone, d’azote et d’oxygène dans les matériaux organiques et carbonés via le SMRI et CRDS.
(c) Le contenu carboné d’origine biologique de plusieurs matériaux solides, liquides, ou gazeux avec l’[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html) et [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-19984.html);
(d) Le contenu carboné d’origine biologique dans les combustibles solides de récupération ou les combustibles dérivés de déchets grâce au (RDF) via ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
L’ISO-17025 est une accréditation rigoureuse des laboratoires qualité, intégrant la traçabilité des données, les procédures de vérifications, le contrôle des documents, la rigueur et la précision des rapports, et l’expérience des techniciens. La procédure d’accréditation de Beta Analytic a abouti à un document consignant scrupuleusement l’ensemble de ces critères sur 460 pages.
Cette accréditation se reflète dans la réputation de Beta Analytic et témoigne de la grande compétence et la haute technicité du laboratoire, en faisant un partenaire privilégié non seulement pour la datation au carbone, mais aussi dans les tests de composition biologique. Ce statut est reconnu par plus de 130 agence d’accréditation et d’agences de régulation gouvernementales.
## Communiqué IAF-ILAC-ISO
L’International Accreditation Forum (IAF) et l’International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC), conjointement avec l’Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO) ont défini « les conditions nécessaires pour l’ISO/IEC 17025:2017 impliquent pour un laboratoire d’avoir les compétences techniques et le système de gestion requis pour obtenir des résultats de tests et des calibrations valides ». La qualité attendue pour le système de gestion est équivalente à celle de l’ISO 9001:2015.
*Dernière mise à jour de la page: mai 2023*
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### [Beta ist ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic wurde der ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 Award von der [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) überreicht. Das Unternehmen ist der erste Lieferant von Radiokohlenstoff Bestimmungen auf der Welt, das die ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Akkreditierung als ein Testlabor erhalten hat. Der ISO/IEC 17025 Status ist der höchste anerkannte Qualitätsstatus, das ein Test oder Kalibrierungslabor erhalten kann.
Das Beta Analytic Labor in Miami hat eine technische Kompetenz bei der Bemessung von neutralem [Radiokohlenstofflevel durch eine spektrometische Massenbeschleunigung (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/radiokohlenstoff-ams-datierung.html), sowohl auch bei der Bemessung von stabilen Isotopenanteilen von Kohlenstoffen, Neutrogenen und Sauerstoff durch die Isotope Ratio Massenspektronoie (IRMS) und Cavity Ring-Down Spektroskopie (CRDS).
#### Spezielle Tests unter der ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Akkreditierung sind die Bestimmung von:
(a) Radiokohlenstoff Alter/ Aktivität in archäologischen, geologischen und Wasserproben mit Hilfe von AMS;
(b) stabile Isotopenanteile von Kohlenstoff, Neutrogenen Sauerstoff in organischen und kohlenstoffhaltigen Materialien mit Hilfe von IRMS und CRDS;
(c) biobasierende Kohlenstoffe von natürlichen Materialien für jegliche kohlenstoffhaltige feste, flüssige und gasförmige Materialien mit Hilfe von [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-16620.html) und [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-19984.html);
(d) biokohlenstoffhaltige für feste Materialien wie zum Beispiel fester erneuerbarer Brennstoff (SRF) oder abgeleiteter Brennstoff (RDF) via ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
Alle Resultate sind ISO-17025 akkreditiert. ISO-17025 ist eine entscheidene Akkreditierung, die sich auf den Laborqualitätssicherheitablauf, Tests für Resultatsnachweise bezieht. Diese beziehen sich auf die Datennachverfolgbarkeit, Gegenprobe, Dokumentkontrolle, Genauigkeit bei der Auswertung und die Erfahrung der Techniker. In Beta Analytic’s Fall wird der akkreditierte Ablauf, der bei der Probenanalyse benutzt wird mit Hilfe von 460 Seiten von dokumentierten Labor- und Managementkontrolle unterstützt.
Der ISO/IEC 17025:2017 zertifizieter Status verbessert Beta Analytic’s Reputation als ein hochkompetentes und zuverlässiges Testlabor und macht es zu einer bevorzugten Wahl nicht nur in Sachen Radiokohlenstoff Datierung sondern auch bei erneuerbaren Kohlenstofftests und biobasierenden Tests. Seine ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Akkreditierung wird von mehr als 130 führenden Laborakkreditierungsinstitution auf der ganze Welt, sowie Regierungs- und Regulierenden Agenturen akzeptiert.
## Gemeinsame IAF-ILAC-ISO Kommunique
Das internationale Akkreditierungsforum (IAF) und die internationale Laborakkreditierungskooperation (ILAC) stimmen mit der ISO überein, “dass eine Laborerfüllung der ISO/IEC 17025:2017 bedeutet, dass das Labor die technischen Kompetenzbedingungen und die Managementsystembedingungen notwendig sind um technisch-gültige Resultate und Kalibration zu liefern”. Die Managementsystembedingungen in ISO/IEC 17025:2017 erfüllen die Prinzipien der ISO 9001:2015 Qualitätsmanagementsystembedingungen, die sich ihren entsprechenden Bedingungen anpassen.
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*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Mai 2023*
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### [Beta's ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Accreditation](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** August 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic was awarded the ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 accreditation by [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc.](https://www.pjlabs.com/) (PJLA Testing #59423). The company is the first radiocarbon lab in the world to have achieved ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation as a testing laboratory. The ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation is the highest level of recognized quality any testing or calibration laboratory can attain.
Beta Analytic’s Miami lab has demonstrated technical competence in the measurement of natural levels of radiocarbon by [Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html), as well as in the measurement of the stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) and Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS).
#### Specific tests covered by the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation are the determination of:
(a) radiocarbon age/activity in archaeological, geological, and water samples via AMS;
(b) stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in organic and carbonate materials via IRMS and CRDS;
(c) biobased carbon content of natural range materials for any carbon-containing solid, liquid, or gaseous materials via [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) and [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-19984.html);
(d) bio-carbon content of solid materials like solid recovered fuels (SRF) or refuse derived fuels (RDF) via ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2.
All results are ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accredited. ISO/IEC 17025:2017 is a rigorous accreditation of laboratory quality assurance procedures, testing “proof of results.” It addresses matters such as data traceability, cross-checks, document control, accuracy in reporting, and technician experience. In Beta Analytic’s case, the accredited procedures utilized in the analysis of samples are supported by 460 pages of documented laboratory and management controls.
Beta Analytic’s ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited status boosts its reputation as a highly competent and reliable testing laboratory and makes it a prime choice not only in radiocarbon dating but also in **renewable carbon testing and biobased testing.** Its ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation is accepted by more than 130 leading laboratory accreditation bodies around the world as well as all governmental / regulatory agencies.
## Joint ISO-ILAC-IAF Communique
This laboratory is accredited in accordance with the recognized International Standard ISO/IEC 17025:2017. This accreditation demonstrates technical competence for a defined scope and the operation of a laboratory quality management system [(refer to joint ISO-ILAC-IAF Communiqué dated April 2017).](https://www.scribd.com/document/651833462/Joint-ISO-ILAC-IAF-Communique-2017)
The International Accreditation Forum (IAF) and the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) concur with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that “a laboratory’s fulfillment of the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2017 means the laboratory meets both the technical competence requirements and management system requirements necessary for it to consistently deliver technically valid test results and calibrations.”
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Page last updated: June 2023
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### [美國農業部(USDA)認證 – 生物優先自願標籤計畫](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/usda-biopreferred-applicants.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
在申請之前，請先諮詢USDA BioPreferred® Program。 **請確認您已簽署生物基參與同意書並獲得許可。**
在簽署生物基參與同意書並獲得許可之前所獲得的測試結果是不被USDA接受的。
[如何申請生物優先認證?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[產品認證過程(PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## 申請指南
### **在寄送樣品給實驗室之前，請填寫完成所有文件。**
[Beta實驗室線上申請表](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (在分析需求選擇”已申請USDA生質標籤?-是”)
請同時提供:
– USDA編號，以及
– 填寫完成的製造商/供應商取樣文件
您會在收到USDA通知時一併收到這些文件。
---
### **準備符合建議的樣品量**
Beta實驗室每個樣品最多可以接受25克或 10 cc。如果您的產品過大，請在提交測試前聯繫USDA BioPreferred Program以獲得二次採樣的批准。
**不適合一般垃圾處理的材料—**請在提交前聯繫實驗室進行討論。
**適合以一般垃圾處理的材料**
**– 固體**
最大樣品量: 0.1至1盎司(2.8至25公克) – 市售品或適當的子樣品
**– 液體**
化學品、溶劑、潤滑劑、油、石化成分含量高的液體 – 每個樣品 1 毫升（1 cc）
不含揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)的液體– 每個樣品 10 毫升（10 cc）
## [液體的推薦容器](#collapseThree)
1 mL玻璃微量樣本瓶，帶有特氟龍內墊的鉗口。填裝¼ – ½滿即可。
確保樣本瓶有卡口蓋或任何可防止洩漏的緊密封口。您可以使用此 [網頁](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")內的樣本瓶。正確包裹樣本瓶以防止在運輸過程中破損。
請確保樣本瓶的密封不會產生化學反應，例如選擇單面或雙面特氟龍的矽膠墊片。如果您使用像上面的琥珀色小容量螺旋蓋樣本瓶，請確保它們的瓶蓋襯墊是由矽膠和特氟龍或其他穩定化學材料製成的。切勿使用內襯是紙板，一側有鋁箔面的瓶蓋。紙板已黏貼在瓶蓋上。此類樣本瓶不適用於揮發性液體，因為蒸汽會溶解黏膠並在運輸過程中污染樣品。
請注意: 樣品如果含有揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)，需裝滿容器(頂部不留空氣)。
## [二次採樣提醒](#collapseTwo)
除非另有說明，否則實驗室將對提交的材料進行二次採樣，就分析方法而言取得合理的數量。如果有任何特殊說明以確保二次樣品最能代表客戶的利益，請在分析前與實驗室討論。由於實驗室不可能是所有製造過程和產品的專家，因此分析代表性次樣品的責任在於客戶/申請者。
**成品或中間體?**
您向美國農業部提出的申請會要求您將產品列為零售產品或中間產品。“零售”定義為消費者直接購買的產品，或者是“按原樣”使用的包裝來容納消費者購買的產品。“中間體”是一種原物料，被出售，然後修改或用於製造“零售”，然後由消費者購買。
如果您在USDA申請中將您的材料列為中間產品，則可以對材料進行二次取樣並以適合該材料的任何包裝寄出。Beta實驗室將在收到樣品後拍照。
如果您在USDA申請中將您的材料列為零售產品，USDA希望您直接寄送零售包裝進行測試（通常實驗室要求提供市售的最小包裝）。作為驗證的第三方，實驗室會針對被分析的樣品進行拍照，（意即測試結果是從圖片中所示的同一容器中獲取的材料分析而得的）。客戶不能自行對申請為零售產品的樣品進行二次取樣和拍照。您必須以最終消費包裝形式寄送產品。零售產品的二次採樣沒有自我聲明選項。
客戶應確保要寄送的產品可以在佛羅里達州安全地進行最終(廢棄)處置。例如，漂白劑可以，但某些溶劑就不行。如有疑問，請在提交樣品前諮詢實驗室。如果您想在將零售產品提交給實驗室前對其進行分樣，請諮詢USDA。
在您與ASTM簽訂合同（參與者協議）後，ASTM將指示您聯繫Beta實驗室討論分析的詳細訊息（包括寄送適當的數量和寄送地點）。
## [異質性問題](#collapse2)
結果將僅代表實際分析的材料。異質材料應在分析前與實驗室討論，以確保樣品可以代表整個產品。
## [碳酸鹽的存在](#collapse3)
ASTM D6866要求從生質含量結果中排除碳酸鹽成分。含有碳酸鹽的材料需要特殊程序。實驗室需要知道您的產品中是否含有碳酸鹽，並且必須在分析之前進行討論以確保準確的測試結果。
**如果您有任何關於無法檢測或封閉型的無機碳相關問題，請與BioPreferred Program聯繫 (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>)。**
### **寄送樣品與必要文件給Beta實驗室**
請使用電子郵件將快遞商名稱和快遞編號發送給我們。
寄送地址:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**請注意: 如果不是透過Beta實驗室的轉運辦事處寄送的國際貨件，我們將不負責清關或運輸費用。透過貨運代理安排的貨物必須按照** [**DDP條款**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**寄送。托運方需負責處理放行貨物的行政要求。**
所有的危險材料（包含可燃元素）都必須遵守國際航空運輸協會 (IATA) 的規定；詳細訊息可在 Fedex 包裝 [危險品](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) 章節找到。
### FAQ:
## [Beta實驗室會收取消費用嗎?](#collapseFive1)
實驗室會在收到樣品後立即開始進行分析以準時交付報告。這代表自樣品收到開始，即開始計費。您可以在任何時候更改決定，但是請留意，我們將視實驗進度收取部分費用。
## [Beta實驗室需要SDS/MSDS嗎? ](#collapseFive)
化學品需要提供SDS/MSDS。我們需要檔案影本。
## [Beta實驗室是否接受含有揮發性有機化合物 (VOC) 和其他揮發性成分的樣品？](#collapseSix)
如果您想分析產品中的揮發性有機化合物(VOC)，請在樣品寄出前諮詢我們。我們只能分析以CO2形式提交的氣體（純氣體或空氣混合物）。
準確的分析需要回收產品中所有可用的碳。如果生質成分是揮發性的，而石油成分不是，而揮發物沒有以與非揮發性石油成分相同的比例回收，則所測得的產品生質含量將太低。應用特殊程序來處理此類樣品是很容易的，但實驗室需要意識到這種需求，例如乾洗手。請注意，向實驗室提供此訊息是申請者的重要責任。
## [Beta實驗室接受致癌物質測試嗎?](#collapseSeven)
請注意，我們沒有處理或處置某些危險材料的設施。因此，我們不接受需要特殊處理程序的致癌物質或材料。對於高度易燃或某些有毒物質（例如苯酚），我們可以接受非常少量的樣品，因此處置不是問題。但是，請在寄送樣品前與我們聯繫，商討合適的寄送量。
## [Beta會告訴客戶什麼時候發佈報告嗎?](#collapseEight)
實驗室代表將與您聯繫，以確認您的樣品安全送達，並為您提供報告的交付日期。我們預計的測試時程是從邁阿密實驗室收貨之次日算起，不含週末假日。
美東時間下午3點以後抵達實驗室的樣品將於次日登錄進系統裡。
## [可以請求Beta實驗室退還剩餘樣品嗎?](#collapseNine)
**請閱讀我們關於樣品保留和退還的政策。**
*最後更新：2023年8月*
---
### [USDA Certified Biobased 신청 – BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/usda-biopreferred-applicants.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
시료 제출 전, USDA BioPreferred® Program에 직접 문의하는 것이 제일 좋습니다. **Biobased Participant Agreement** 에 사인 받고, 승인 받았는지 확인합니다.
사인 받고, 승인 받지 않은 상태에서 미리 결과를 받으면, USDA에서 인정을 안 합니다.
[BioPreferred 인증 신청 방법은?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[상품 인증 과정 (PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## 시료 제출 안내
### **시료 제출 전, 모든 해당 서류 작성합니다.**
[Beta 온라인 양식](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (요청 분석 란에서 “Analysis for USDA Applicants” 선택합니다.)
다음 사항들을 같이 보냅니다:
– USDA 신청 번호, 그리고
– Documentation of Sample Selection by Manufacturer/Vendor forms
이 서류는 USDA BioPreferred Program가 보낸 이메일에 첨부되어 있습니다.
---
### **필요한 만큼의 시료 준비**
Beta 연구소는 시료 당 최대 25 그램 혹은 10 cc 만 받을 수 있습니다. 제품이 이보다 크다면, 시료 제출 전, 미리 실험용 시료 채취를 위해 USDA BioPreferred Program에 연락하기 바랍니다.
**일반 쓰레기 폐기 부적합 물질 들** – 시료 제출 전 사전에 실험실에 연락 바랍니다.
**일반 쓰레기 폐기 적합 물질들;**
**– 고체**
최대: 0.1 to 1 oz (2.8 to 25 그램) – 소매 판매 형태 혹은 적합한 시료
**– 액체**
화학 물질, 솔벤트, 윤활유, 오일, 석유 화학 액체 류 – 1 mL (1 cc) 시료 당
비 휘발성 유기 화합물 (VOCs) 액체 류 – 10 mL (10cc) 시료 당
## [액체 시료의 권장 용기](#collapseThree)
1 mL glass micro-sample vial with a crimp top that has a Teflon-lined septum. 바이알 병에 ¼ – ½ 정도만 채웁니다.
새지 않게 주의합니다. 이 [사이트](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")에 있는 바이알 병 사용 가능합니다. 운송 중 깨지지 않게 잘 포장합니다.
병 뚜껑이 화학적으로 변하지 않는지 확인합니다. 앰버와 같은 소량 스쿠류 탑 바이알 병을 사용한다면, 실리콘 및 테프론 혹은 다른 화학적 무반응 물질로 만든 뚜껑인지 반드시 확인 바랍니다. 한 쪽이 알루미늄 호일 면을 가진 판으로 된 뚜껑을 가진 바이알 병은 절대 사용하지 말아야 합니다. 이 판은 접착제로 붙여 놓았기 때문입니다. 휘발성 액체에서 나오는 기체가 운송 중 접착제를 녹일 수 있어 오염이 되기 때문에 적합하지 않습니다.
참조: 시료가 휘발성 물질을 함유하고 있다면, 병을 꽉 채웁니다. (공간이 없게).
## [실험용 시료 채취 설명](#collapseTwo)
별다른 지시 사항이 없으면, 분석 방법에 따라 제출해 주신 물질에서 적당 량을 채취합니다. 고객의 요구에 따른 특별 요청 사항이 있으면, 실험실에 연락 바랍니다. 본 실험실은 모든 제품, 그 제조 과정에 대해 전문가가 아닌 관계로, 분석 시료의 대표 성에 대해 고객/시료 제출자에게 책임이 있습니다.
**최종 소비재 혹은 중간재?**
USDA의 신청서에 제품이 시중 판매 용 (리테일) 제품인지 반제품 인지 물어봅니다. “리테일” 이란 소비자가 직접 구매하거나, 소비자가 직접 구매한 제품이 포함된 포장 상태에 있는 제품으로 정의됩니다. “반제품” 이란 고객이 구매하는 “리테일” 제품을 만드는데 사용되는 원료를 말합니다.
반제품으로 신청 했다면, 임의의 포장으로 시료를 제출해도 됩니다. 실험실은 받은 형태의 사진을 찍습니다.
만약 리테일 상품으로 신청했다면, USDA는 포장 상태 그대로 보내길 원합니다. (가장 작은 사이즈로) 실험실은 무엇이 분석되었는지 증명을 위해 사진을 찍어야 합니다. (즉 사진에서 보여주는 용기에서 꺼낸 물질의 분석 결과). 고객은 리테일 제품으로 적용된 제품의 실험용 시료 채취나 사진을 직접 찍을 수 없습니다. 반드시 포장 상태에 있는 제품을 보내야만 합니다. 고객 임의로 리테일 제품의 실험용 시료 채취를 할 수 없습니다.
보내주신 제품들이 플로리다 주에서 안전하게 폐기할 수 있는지 여부도 꼭 확인해야 합니다. 예로, 표백제는 괜찮지만, 일부 솔벤트는 안됩니다. 의심된다면, 미리 실험실에 문의 바랍니다. 시료 제출 전, 리테일 제품의 실험용 시료 채취를 하려면, USDA에 문의하기 바랍니다.
ASTM과 계약 체결 사인 단계에 도달하면 (Participant Agreement), ASTM은 분석 관련하여 자세한 내용을 의논하기 위해 Beta에 연락하라고 할 것입니다. (시료 량 및 시료 보내는 곳 포함하여).
## [균질성 문제](#collapse2)
결과 값은 분석한 실제 물질의 대표 값일 뿐입니다. 균질성 문제를 가진 물질은 시료가 전체 제품의 대표 성을 가지는지 분석 전 실험실과 의논해야 합니다.
## [탄산염 존재 여부](#collapse3)
ASTM D6866 은 바이오기반 함량 결과 값에서 탄산염 부분을 제외합니다. 탄산염 함유 물질은 특별 과정이 필요합니다. 실험실은 탄산염이 있는지 알아야 하며, 정확한 결과 값을 위해 반드시 의논해야 합니다.
BioPreferred Program에 직접 연락합니다 (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) 감지할 수 없거나 캡슐에 쌓인 무기 탄소를 가진 시료에 관한 질문에 대해서는..
### **시료 및 해당 서류들을 마이애미로 보냅니다.**
해당 운송 업체 및 운송 번호를 이메일로 알려줍니다.
발송 주소:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**참조: Beta 연구소는 본사 포워딩 사무실을 이용하지 않을 경우 국제 택배비, 통관 비용에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. 탁송 업체를 이용한 선적은 반드시[ **DDP 계약**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page).조건에서 보내져야 합니다. 발송자가 배달 관련한 모든 행정 비용 지불 책임을 집니다.**
모든 위험 물질 (폭발성 물질 포함) International Air Transport Association (IATA) regulations을 반드시 첨부해야 합니다.; 보다 자세한 내용은 the Fedex Packaging [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) 을 참조합니다.
### FAQs:
## [취소 수수료가 있나?](#collapseFive1)
약속한 날짜를 지키기 위해 시료가 도착하자마자 바로 분석 작업에 들어갑니다. 이 말은 시료 도착과 함께 비용이 발생한다는 뜻입니다. 주문 변경이 가능하지만, 요청하는 시점까지 행한 작업에 따라 부분 혹은 전액 비용이 청구될 수도 있다는 점을 알아주시기 바랍니다.
## [SDS/MSDS 이 필요한가요? ](#collapseFive)
화학물질은 반드시 SDS/MSDS을 포함해야 합니다. 우리는 사본을 보관해야 합니다.
## [휘발성 유기 화합물 (VOC) 및 기타 휘발성 성분이 포함된 시료는 허용됩니까?](#collapseSix)
제품 내 휘발성 유기 물질의 분석을 원하시면 시료 발송 전 연락 주시기 바랍니다. CO2 (순수 혹은 공기 혼합 상태) 로 제출된 가스만 분석 가능합니다.
정확한 분석을 위해서 제품 내 모든 탄소를 확인해야 합니다. 만약 바이오 기반 구성 부분이 휘발성이고, 석유 구성 부분이 휘발성이 아니라면, 휘발 된 부분이 비 휘발성 석유 구성 부분 만큼 확인이 안된다면, 바이오 기반 함량 측정 값이 너무 낮게 나오게 됩니다. 이런 시료 들을 다룰 때는 특별 절차가 필요하며, 실험실은 이에 대해 미리 알고 있어야 합니다. 예. 증발성 손 소독제. 이런 정보를 실험실에 제공하는 것은 전적으로 고객의 책임입니다.
## [발암 물질이 들어있는 시료 괜찮은가?](#collapseSeven)
본 실험실은 일부 위험 물질을 취급하거나 폐기할 시설이 없다는 것을 명심하시기 바랍니다. 이에 따라 발암 물질이나 특별 폐기 처리가 필요한 물질을 취급하지 않습니다. 인화성 물질 혹은 일부 독성 물질 (예. 페놀) 의 경우, 폐기가 문제가 되지 않을 정도의 아주 소량의 시료는 분석 가능합니다. 적절한 량에 대해 의논하기 위해 시료 발송 전, 미리 실험실에 연락해야 합니다.
## [결과 보고서가 언제 나오는지 알려주나요?](#collapseEight)
시료가 미국 본사 실험실에 도착하면, 도착 확인 및 보고서 발행 날짜를 알려드립니다. 예상 날짜는 주말 제외하고 실험실에 도착한 다음 날부터 계산합니다.
미국 동부 시간 3 PM 이후 실험실에 도착한 시료들은 그 다음날 체크인 됩니다.
## [시료 반환 요청 가능한가요?](#collapseNine)
**시료 보관 및 반환에 관한 자사 규정을 읽어보기 바랍니다.**
*최신 업데이트: 2023년 8월*
---
### [Inscrição para o USDA Certified Biobased – BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica/usda-biopreferred-inscricao.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Por favor consulte o USDA BioPreferred® Program diretamente antes de enviar as suas amostras **Certifique-se de que o seu Biobased Participant Agreement (acordo de participação) esteja assinado e aceito.**
Resultados obtidos antes do acordo assinado e aceitação no programa não serão considerados pelo USDA.
[Como candidatar-se para a certificação BioPreferred?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[Processo de certificação de produto (PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## Guia de envio de amostras
### **Preencha todos os documentos antes de enviar amostras para o laboratório.**
[Formulário online do Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (selecione “Análise para candidatos ao selo do USDA” no campo “Análise requerida”)
Envie também:
– O número de inscrição do USDA (Application Number), e
– Formulários Documentation of Sample Selection by Manufacturer/Vendor
Esses formulários são anexados à notificação por email enviada pelo USDA BioPreferred Program.
---
### **Prepare os tamanhos recomendados das amostras**
O Beta Analytic recebe amostras de, no máximo, 25 g ou 10 cc cada. Se o seu produto é maior, por favor contate a USDA BioPreferred Program para obter autorização para subamostrar o produto antes de enviá-lo para análise.
**Materiais INADEQUADOS para descarte no lixo** – Por favor contate o laboratório para discussão antes do envio.
**Materiais adequados para descarte no lixo:**
**– Sólidos**
MÁXIMO: 0,1 a 1 oz (2,8 a 25 gramas) – peça de varejo ou subamostra aplicável
**– Líquidos**
Químicos, solventes, lubrificantes, óleos e líquidos com alto teor petroquímico – 1 ml (1 cc) por amostra
Líquidos sem compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) – 10 ml (10 cc) por amostra
## [Recipiente recomendado para líquidos](#collapseThree)
Frasco de vidro de 1 ml, com tampa de pressão que tenha septo revestido de Teflon. O frasco deve estar preenchido apenas até ¼ – ½ de sua capacidade.
Certifique-se de que a tampa do frasco seja hermética e que esteja bem colocada para evitar vazamentos. Pode-se encontrar frascos adequados neste [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Embrulhe bem o frasco para que ele não se rompa durante o transporte.
Assegure que as tampas dos frascos sejam quimicamente não-reativos, por exemplo, tampas de silicone com uma duas camadas de teflon. Se for utilizar frascos de baixo volume com tampa de rosca, como o âmbar na imagem, verifique que o forro da tampa é feito de silicone e teflon, ou de qualquer outro material não-reativo. Não utilize frascos com tampas revestidas de papelão com alumínio, em que o lado de papelão está colado à tampa. Esse tipo de tampa não é apropriada para conter combustíveis ou outros líquidos voláteis, uma vez que os vapores podem dissolver a cola e contaminar a amostra durante o transporte.
Observação: se a amostra contém COVs, o frasco deve estar cheio até a boca, sem deixar ar.
## [Lembretes de subamostragem](#collapseTwo)
A não ser sob instruções expressas, o laboratório subamostrará o material recebido em uma quantidade cabível ao método analítico. Se houver instruções especiais para assegurar que a subamostra represente os interesses do cliente da melhor forma possível, por favor discuta com o laboratório de antemão. Como o laboratório não tem como conhecer todos os produtos e processos de manufatura, a responsabilidade da análise de uma subamostra representativa é do cliente/solicitante da análise.
**Produto acabado ou intermediário?**
A inscrição no USDA requer que o seu produto seja listado como produto de varejo ou produto intermediário. “Produto de varejo” é definido como o produto que é adquirido diretamente pelo consumidor, ou que é a embalagem usada como está para conter um produto adquirido pelo consumidor. “Produto intermediário” é o produto bruto que é vendido e depois modificado ou empregado para fabricar um “produto de varejo” a ser adquirido pelo consumidor.
Se o seu produto foi listado na inscrição do USDA como um produto intermediário, é apropriado subamostrar e enviar em qualquer embalagem adequada para o material. O Beta Analytic fotografa a amostra como é recebida no laboratório.
Se a amostra está listada na inscrição como produto de varejo, o USDA recomenda que seja enviado em sua embalagem para varejo (o laboratório requer que se envie o menor tamanho disponível). O laboratório deverá fotografar esse tipo de amostra como forma de validação por terceiros daquilo que foi analisado (isto é, que os resultados foram obtidos a partir do material retirado do mesmo recipiente exibido na fotografia). O cliente não deve subamostrar e fotografar a amostra por conta própria para um produto inscrito como produto de varejo. O produto deverá ser enviado dentro da embalagem final destinada ao consumidor. Não há uma opção de autodeclaração para subamostragem de produtos de varejo.
O cliente deverá garantir que o produto pode ser descartado de forma segura no estado da Flórida, nos Estados Unidos. Por exemplo, podemos aceitar água sanitária, mas não certos solventes. Se houver dúvida, por favor contate o laboratório antes de enviar a amostra. Se você deseja subamostrar um produto de varejo antes de enviá-lo para o laboratório, por favor consulte o USDA.
Após a etapa de assinatura de contrato com a ASTM (o Participant Agreement, ou acordo de participação), a ASTM instruirá que você contate o Beta para discutir os detalhes da análise (que incluem a quantidade adequada da amostra, e para onde enviá-la).
## [Questões de heterogeneidade](#collapse2)
Os resultados serão representativos apenas do material efetivamente analisado. Materiais heterogêneos deverão ser discutidos com o laboratório antes da análise, para assegurar que a amostra representa o produto como um todo.
## [Presença de carbonatos](#collapse3)
A norma ASTM D6866 requer que componentes carbonáticos sejam excluídos dos resultados da análise de carbono biobaseado. São necessários procedimentos especiais para materiais que contenham carbonatos. O laboratório precisa estar ciente da presença de carbonatos no seu produto, e uma discussão será necessária antes da análise para que se obtenha resultados precisos.
Contate o Programa BioPreferred (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) para esclarecer dúvidas sobre a **análise de amostras com carbono inorgânico indetectável ou encapsulado.**.
### **Envie a amostra e os documentos necessários para Miami**
Please email us the courier and tracking number.
Por favor, informe-nos qual é a transportadora e o número de rastreamento.
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**Observação: o Beta não se responsabiliza pela liberação alfandegária ou pelos custos de envios internacionais de amostras que não tenham sido encaminhadas por um de nossos escritórios. Todos os envios via empresas de transportes devem ser feitos sob o** [**Incoterm DDP**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**. O remetente é responsável pelos trâmites administrativos para a liberação da carga.**
Todos os materiais perigosos (que contenham elementos combustíveis) deverão aderir às regulações da Associação Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA); pode-se consultar os detalhes na seção de embalagem de [amostras perigosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) da FedEx.
### Perguntas frequentes:
## [O Beta cobra taxas de cancelamento?](#collapseFive1)
A análise é iniciada imediatamente após o recebimento da amostra, a fim de cumprir o prazo de entrega prometido. Isso implica que a cobrança também ocorre assim que a amostra é recebida. Modificações nos pedidos são bem-vindas, mas é importante observar que tais alterações podem resultar em cobranças parciais ou integrais, dependendo do progresso do serviço no momento da solicitação da alteração.
## [O Beta requer fichas de segurança (FISPQ/SDS/MSDS)? ](#collapseFive)
Produtos químicos deverão incluir suas fichas de segurança. Precisamos ter uma cópia em arquivo.
## [O Beta aceita amostras com componentes orgânico voláteis (COV), ou outros componentes voláteis?](#collapseSix)
Se você deseja analisar os VOCs do seu produto, por favor consulte o laboratório antes de enviar a amostra. Apenas podemos analisar gases enviados como CO2 (seja puro ou em misturas de ar).
Uma análise acurada requer a recuperação de todo o carbono disponível no produto. Se um componente biobaseado é volátil e um componente petroquímico não é, o teor de carbono biobaseado medido no produto será baixo demais se o componente volátil não for recuperado na mesma proporção que o componente petroquímico não volátil. O laboratório pode facilmente aplicar procedimentos especiais para tais amostras, mas é necessário que se tenha ciência da necessidade; por exemplo, desinfetantes para as mãos que sejam evaporáveis. Por favor, observe que é responsabilidade exclusiva do solicitante da análise fornecer essa informação para o laboratório.
## [O Beta aceita amostras com materiais carcinogênicos?](#collapseSeven)
É importante notar que o laboratório não possui as instalações para o manuseio e descarte de certos materiais perigosos. Dessa forma, não podemos aceitar substâncias ou materiais carcinogênicos que demandam procedimentos de descarte especiais. No caso de materiais altamente inflamáveis ou tóxicos (por exemplo, fenóis), podemos aceitar quantidades minúsculas que não ofereçam problemas de descarte. Entretanto, por favor contate o laboratório antes de enviar a amostra para discutir a quantidade adequada para o envio.
## [O Beta informa os clientes da data prevista dos resultados?](#collapseEight)
Um representante do Beta entrará em contato para confirmar a chegada da amostra ao laboratório e informar a data estimada para a entrega dos resultados. O nosso prazo de entrega cotado começa a contar a partir do dia útil seguinte ao recebimento da amostra no laboratório em Miami.
Amostras recebidas no laboratório após as 15h (EST) serão registradas no sistema no dia seguinte.
## [O Beta devolve amostras mediante solicitação?](#collapseNine)
**Consulte a nossa política de retenção e devolução de amostras.**
*Última atualização: agosto de 2023*
---
### [Processo di etichettatura USDA Certified Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/richiedenti-usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Prima di inviare i campioni al laboratorio, è necessario contattare lo USDA BioPreferred® Program. **Assicurarsi che il Biobased Participant Agreement sia stato firmato e accettato.**
Lo USDA non accetterà eventuali risultati ricevuti prima della firma dell’accordo e dell’approvazione della richiesta di partecipazione.
[Come richiedere la certificazione BioPreferred?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[Procedura di certificazione di prodotto (PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## Guida all’invio dei campioni
### **Compilare tutti i documenti prima di inviare i campioni al laboratorio.**
[Modulo di Beta Analytic](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (selezionare “Analisi per certificazione USDA”)
Inviare inoltre:
– il numero di richiesta fornito dallo USDA (Application Number)
– una copia del modulo “Documentation of Sample Selection, Shipping, and Disposal by Manufacturer/Vendor Form”
Questo modulo è allegato all’email di notifica inviata dallo USDA BioPreferred Program.
---
### **Preparare i campioni nelle quantità raccomandate**
Beta può accettare un massimo di 25 grammi o 10 millilitri a campione. Se il prodotto ha un peso o un volume maggiore, contattare lo USDA BioPreferred Program per ricevere l’approvazione per il campionamento prima di spedire il campione.
**Materiali NON ADATTI allo smaltimento come rifiuti normali** – contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni.
**Materiali adatti allo smaltimento come rifiuti normali:**
**– Solidi**
da 2,8 a un MASSIMO di 25 grammi – contenitore destinato alla vendita o sottocampione appropriato
**– Liquidi**
Prodotti chimici, solventi, lubrificanti, oli, liquidi ad alto contenuto di carbonio – 1 ml (1 cc) per campione
Liquidi senza composti organici volatili (COV) – 10 ml (10 cc) per campione
## [Contenitore raccomandato per i liquidi](#collapseThree)
Microprovetta di vetro da 1 ml con tappo a ghiera e setto rivestito in Teflon. La provetta dovrebbe essere riempita solo per un quarto o per metà.
Assicurarsi che le provette siano dotate di tappo a scatto o altra chiusura sicura che impedisca la fuoriuscita del prodotto. È possibile utilizzare le provette disponibili su questo [sito](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Imballare le provette adeguatamente per evitare che si rompano durante il trasporto.
Assicurarsi che i sigilli delle provette siano chimicamente inerti, ovvero che siano costituiti, ad esempio, da un disco di silicone con una o entrambe le facce in Teflon. Se si utilizzano microprovette con tappo a vite come quella color ambra nell’immagine, assicurarsi che il tappo sia rivestito di materiale inerte come il silicone, il Teflon o altro materiale non reattivo. **Non usare** provette con tappi rivestiti di cartone e alluminio. Il cartone è incollato al tappo. Queste provette non sono adatte ai liquidi volatili poiché i vapori possono sciogliere la colla e contaminare il campione durante la spedizione.
NOTA: se il campione contiene COV, la provetta deve essere piena (senza spazio vuoto).
## [Promemoria per il campionamento](#collapseTwo)
Se non diversamente richiesto, il laboratorio preleva un sottocampione nella quantità necessaria per l’analisi. Se ci sono istruzioni speciali per garantire che il sottocampione analizzato sia rappresentativo dell’intero prodotto, contattare il laboratorio prima dell’analisi. Poiché i tecnici di Beta non sono esperti di tutti i processi di produzione e tutti i materiali, l’analisi di un campione rappresentativo è responsabilità del cliente.
**Prodotto per vendita al dettaglio o intermedio?**
I moduli dello USDA richiedono di elencare il prodotto come “retail product” (prodotto per la vendita al dettaglio) o come “intermediate product” (prodotto intermedio). Con “retail product” si intende un articolo che verrà acquistato direttamente dal consumatore oppure un imballaggio utilizzato, senza modifiche, per contenere un prodotto acquistato dal consumatore. Con “intermediate product” si intende invece una materia prima che verrà venduta e poi modificata o utilizzata per la produzione di un articolo destinato alla vendita al dettaglio, che verrà infine acquistato dal consumatore. Se il materiale è elencato sul modulo USDA come prodotto intermedio, è possibile prelevare un sottocampione e inviarlo al laboratorio utilizzando qualsiasi contenitore appropriato. Scatteremo una foto del campione al suo arrivo in laboratorio.
Per i materiali elencati, sul modulo di richiesta, come prodotti per la vendita al dettaglio, lo USDA richiede l’invio di un campione nella confezione usata per la vendita al dettaglio (per il laboratorio è solitamente sufficiente il quantitativo minimo possibile). Per fornire una prova dell’analisi, il laboratorio è tenuto a scattare una foto del contenitore originale del prodotto analizzato, a dimostrazione del fatto che il risultato è stato ottenuto su materiale prelevato dallo stesso contenitore mostrato nella foto. Al richiedente non è consentito prelevare sottocampioni o fornire foto dei prodotti per la vendita al dettaglio scattate autonomamente. Il prodotto deve essere inviato all’interno della confezione in cui viene venduto ai consumatori. Non esistono opzioni di autodichiarazione per il campionamento dei prodotti per la vendita al dettaglio.
Il cliente deve accertarsi che il prodotto inviato possa essere smaltito in sicurezza nello stato della Florida. Ad esempio, la candeggina non presenta problemi, ma alcuni solventi non sono consentiti. In caso di dubbi, consultare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni. Se si desidera effettuare il campionamento di un prodotto per la vendita al dettaglio prima di inviarlo al laboratorio, consultare lo USDA.
Una volta raggiunta la fase di firma del contratto con lo USDA (Participant Agreement), l’ente certificatore inviterà il cliente a contattare Beta per discutere i dettagli dell’analisi, ad esempio la quantità appropriata da inviare e l’indirizzo di spedizione.
## [Materiali eterogenei](#collapse2)
I risultati rappresenteranno solo il materiale effettivamente analizzato. Per i materiali eterogenei, è necessaria una discussione preliminare con il laboratorio per garantire che il campione sia rappresentativo dell’intero prodotto.
## [Presenza di carbonati](#collapse3)
Secondo quanto previsto dalla norma ASTM D6866, i carbonati devono essere esclusi dall’analisi del contenuto biobased. Per i materiali che contengono carbonati sono necessarie procedure speciali. Per garantire l’accuratezza, il laboratorio deve essere informato dell’eventuale presenza di carbonati nei prodotti da sottoporre all’analisi.
Contattare un rappresentante del programma BioPreferred (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) per domande sull’**analisi di campioni che contengono carbonio inorganico non rilevabile o incapsulato.**.
### **Inviare i campioni e i documenti necessari a un ufficio di Beta Analytic**
Inviare al laboratorio il numero di tracking e il nome del corriere.
Indirizzo di spedizione:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**Nota: Beta non è responsabile dei costi di sdoganamento o di trasporto delle spedizioni internazionali inviate direttamente al laboratorio di Miami. Le spedizioni organizzate attraverso uno spedizioniere devono essere inviate secondo la** [**regola Incoterms DDP**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**. l cliente è responsabile della gestione delle procedure amministrative necessarie per lo sdoganamento.**
Tutte le sostanze pericolose (contenenti elementi combustibili) devono essere spedite in conformità con le norme dell’Associazione Internazionale del Trasporto Aereo (IATA); ulteriori dettagli sono disponibili sulla pagina web di Fedex che riguarda la [spedizione delle merci pericolose](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html).
### Domande frequenti:
## [Sono previsti dei costi per la cancellazione dei campioni?](#collapseFive1)
Le analisi iniziano immediatamente all’arrivo dei campioni per garantire il rispetto della data di consegna promessa. Ciò significa che anche i costi vengono applicati immediatamente alla ricezione dei campioni. Possiamo accettare alcune modifiche agli ordini, ma potremmo dover applicare una tariffa parziale o totale in base alla quantità di lavoro già completato al momento della richiesta di modifica.
## [Beta richiede una SDS/MSDS? ](#collapseFive)
Tutti i campioni di sostanze chimiche devono essere accompagnati dalla relativa scheda di sicurezza, che può essere caricata sul modulo online.
## [Beta accetta campioni contenenti composti organici volatili (COV) o altre sostanze volatili?](#collapseSix)
Per l’analisi dei COV, consultare il laboratorio prima di inviare il campione. Possiamo analizzare solo i gas inviati sotto forma di CO2 (pura o miscelata con aria).
Per un’analisi accurata è importante che tutto il carbonio disponibile nel prodotto venga recuperato. Per i materiali misti, se la componente biobased è volatile e quella petrolifera non lo è, il contenuto biobased misurato sarà inferiore a quello reale, a meno che le sostanze volatili non vengano recuperate nella stessa proporzione dei componenti petroliferi non volatili. Questi campioni vengono gestiti secondo procedure speciali, ma il laboratorio deve essere avvisato della presenza di componenti volatili, ad esempio nel caso dei disinfettanti per le mani ad asciugatura rapida. Fornire queste informazioni al laboratorio è responsabilità esclusiva del cliente.
## [Beta può accettare campioni di sostanze cancerogene?](#collapseSeven)
Il nostro laboratorio non dispone di strutture per la gestione o lo smaltimento di alcuni materiali pericolosi. Per questo motivo, non possiamo accettare sostanze cancerogene o materiali che richiedono procedure di smaltimento speciali. Nel caso di materiali altamente infiammabili o di alcuni materiali tossici (ad esempio, i fenoli), possiamo accettare quantità molto ridotte, tali da non costituire un problema di smaltimento. In ogni caso, è necessario contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare questo tipo di campioni per conoscere la quantità corretta.
## [Beta indica ai clienti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati?](#collapseEight)
Un rappresentante di Beta confermerà l’arrivo dei campioni A MIAMI e comunicherà la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati. I tempi di consegna sono calcolati a partire dal giorno successivo all’arrivo dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, esclusi i fine settimana e i giorni festivi.
I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.
## [È possibile richiedere la restituzione dei campioni?](#collapseNine)
**[Visionare la nostra informativa sull’archiviazione e la restituzione dei campioni.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapse10)**
*Ultimo aggiornamento: agosto 2023*
---
### [Demande USDA Certified Biobased - BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/candidats-usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Avant d’envoyer vos échantillons, veuillez consulter directement l’USDA BioPreferred® Program. **Assurez-vous que votre accord de participation a été signé et accepté.**
Les résultats obtenus avant l’accord signé et l’acceptation dans le programme ne seront pas acceptés par l’USDA.
[Comment faire une demande de certification BioPreferred ?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[Processus de certification des produits (PDF) ](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## Guide d’envoi
### **Remplissez tous les documents avant d’envoyer vos échantillons au laboratoire.**
[Formulaire en ligne Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (sélectionnez “Analyse pour les candidats USDA” dans le champ Analyse demandée)
Veuillez également joindre les éléments suivants :
– Numéro de demande USDA,
– Formulaires de sélection des échantillons par le fabricant/fournisseur
Ces formulaires sont joints à la notification par e-mail que vous recevrez de l’USDA BioPreferred Program.
---
### **Préparer les quantités d’échantillon recommandées**
Beta Analytic peut recevoir un maximum de 25 grammes ou 10 cc par échantillon. Si votre produit est plus gros, veuillez contacter l’USDA BioPreferred Program pour obtenir l’approbation du sous-échantillonnage avant qu’il ne soit soumis aux analyses.
**Matériaux NON ACCEPTES pour l’élimination des déchets** – Veuillez contacter le laboratoire pour en discuter avant l’envoi.
**Matériaux adaptés à l’élimination des déchets :**
**– Solides**
MAXIMUM : 2,8 à 25 grammes – échantillon individuel ou sous-échantillon
**– Liquides**
Produits chimiques, solvants, lubrifiants, huiles, liquides à haute teneur en produits pétrochimiques – 1 ml par échantillon
Liquides sans composés organiques volatils (COV) – 10 ml par échantillon
## [Contenant recommandé pour les liquides](#collapseThree)
Flacon en verre de 1 ml avec un bouchon à sertir doté d’un septum doublé de téflon. Le flacon ne doit être rempli qu’à ¼ – ½.
Assurez-vous que vos flacons sont munis de bouchons à pression ou d’une fermeture étanche afin d’éviter toute fuite. Vous pouvez également utiliser les flacons disponibles sur ce [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Emballez correctement les flacons pour éviter qu’ils ne se cassent pendant le transport.
Veuillez vous assurer que les flacons ont des joints chimiquement non réactifs, par ex. constitué d’un disque de silicone à une ou deux faces en téflon. Si vous utilisez des flacons à bouchon à vis à faible volume comme celui de couleur ambre ci-dessus, assurez-vous que le revêtement du bouchon est non réactif en silicone et en téflon ou en un autre matériau chimiquement non réactif. **N’utilisez pas** de flacons dont les bouchons sont doublés d’un morceau de carton avec une face en aluminium sur un côté. Le côté carton est collé au bouchon. Ils ne conviennent pas aux liquides volatils car les vapeurs peuvent dissoudre la colle et contaminer l’échantillon pendant le transport.
REMARQUE : Si l’échantillon contient des COV, le flacon doit être plein (sans espace vide).
## [Rappels de sous-échantillonnage](#collapseTwo)
Sauf instruction contraire, nous sous-échantillonnerons le produit envoyé dans une quantité acceptable pour la méthode d’analyse. S’il existe des instructions spéciales visant à s’assurer que le sous-échantillon représente au mieux les intérêts du client, veuillez en discuter avec le laboratoire avant l’analyse. Étant donné que le laboratoire ne peut pas être expert dans tous les processus de fabrication et tous les produits, la responsabilité de l’analyse d’un sous-échantillon représentatif incombe au client.
**Produit de détail ou produit intermédiaire ?**
Lors de votre demande auprès de l’USDA, il vous sera demandé de répertorier votre produit comme produit de détail ou produit intermédiaire. « Au détail » désigne un produit acheté directement par le consommateur ou un emballage utilisé « tel quel » pour contenir un produit acheté par le consommateur. « Intermédiaire » désigne une matière première qui est vendue, puis modifiée ou utilisée dans la fabrication d’un « produit de détail » qui est ensuite acheté par le consommateur.
Si vous avez répertorié votre échantillon sur la demande USDA comme produit intermédiaire, vous pouvez le sous-échantillonner et l’envoyer dans n’importe quel emballage approprié. Beta Analytic prendra une photo une fois l’échantillon reçu au laboratoire.
Si vous avez répertorié votre échantillon sur la demande USDA comme produit de vente au détail, alors l’USDA demande que vous l’envoyiez dans son emballage de vente au détail (généralement le plus petit possible). Le laboratoire est tenu de prendre une photo en guise de validation par un tiers de ce qui a été analysé (c’est-à-dire que le résultat a été obtenu sur un matériau prélevé dans le même contenant que celui illustré sur la photo). Vous ne pouvez pas sous-échantillonner et prendre une photo vous-même pour un produit envoyé en tant que produit de détail. Vous devez envoyer le produit dans son emballage de consommation finale. Il n’y a pas d’option d’auto-déclaration pour le sous-échantillonnage des produits de détail.
Le client doit s’assurer que les produits à envoyer peuvent être éliminés en toute sécurité dans l’État de Floride. Par exemple, l’eau de Javel est acceptée, mais certains solvants ne le sont pas. En cas de doute, veuillez consulter le laboratoire avant envoi. Si vous souhaitez sous-échantillonner un produit de détail avant de l’envoyer au laboratoire, veuillez consulter l’USDA. Une fois que vous avez atteint l’étape de la signature d’un contrat avec l’ASTM (l’accord du participant), l’ASTM vous demandera de contacter Beta pour discuter des détails de l’analyse (notamment la quantité à envoyer et l’adresse d’envoi).
## [Problèmes d’hétérogénéité](#collapse2)
Les résultats ne seront représentatifs que du matériau analysé. Les matériaux hétérogènes doivent faire l’objet d’une discussion avec le laboratoire avant l’analyse pour s’assurer que l’échantillon est représentatif de l’ensemble du produit.
## [Présence de carbonates](#collapse3)
La norme ASTM D6866 exige que les carbonates soient exclus du résultat du contenu biosourcé. Des procédures spéciales sont requises pour les matériaux contenant des carbonates. Le laboratoire doit savoir s’il y a des carbonates dans votre produit et la discussion doit être menée en conséquence avant l’analyse afin de garantir des résultats précis.
Contactez le programme BioPreferred (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) pour toute question sur **les analyses d’échantillons avec du carbone inorganique indétectable ou encapsulé.**.
### **Envoyez les échantillons et documents nécessaires à Miami**
Veuillez nous communiquer le nom du transporteur et numéro de suivi.
Adresse d’envoi :
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**Remarque : Beta n’est pas responsable du dédouanement ou des frais de transport des envois internationaux qui ne passent pas par l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition. Les envois organisés par l’intermédiaire d’un transitaire doivent être envoyés selon les** [**conditions DDP**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**(Rendu Droits Acquittés). L’expéditeur est responsable de la gestion des exigences administratives pour la mainlevée de l’envoi.**
Toutes les matières dangereuses (contenant des éléments combustibles) doivent respecter les réglementations de l’International Air Transport Association (IATA) ; tous les détails peuvent être trouvés dans la section Fedex Packaging [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html).
### FAQs:
## [Beta facture-t-il des frais d’annulation ?](#collapseFive1)
Les analyses sont lancées immédiatement après réception des échantillons afin de garantir au mieux les délais annoncés. Cela signifie que des frais sont également encourus dès la réception des échantillons. Les modifications de commande sont acceptées, mais veuillez noter que des frais partiels ou totaux s’appliqueront en fonction de la quantité de travail réalisé au moment de la demande de modification.
## [Une FDS est-elle nécessaire ? ](#collapseFive)
Les produits chimiques doivent être accompagnés d’une FDS. Nous devons avoir une copie dans nos dossiers.
## [Beta accepte-t-il des échantillons contenant des composés organiques volatils (COV)
et d’autres composants volatils ?](#collapseSix)
Si vous souhaitez analyser les COV de votre produit, veuillez nous consulter avant d’envoyer l’échantillon. Nous ne pouvons analyser que les gaz envoyés sous forme de CO2 (soit purs soit dans des mélanges d’air).
Une analyse précise nécessite de récupérer tout le carbone disponible dans le produit. Si un composant biosourcé est volatil et qu’un composant pétrolier ne l’est pas, la teneur biosourcée mesurée du produit sera trop faible si les volatils ne sont pas récupérés dans la même proportion que les composants pétroliers non volatils. Des procédures spéciales sont facilement appliquées pour manipuler de tels échantillons, mais le laboratoire doit être informé de leur utilisation, par ex. désinfectants pour les mains par évaporation. Notez qu’il est de la seule responsabilité du demandeur de fournir ces informations au laboratoire.
## [Beta accepte-t-il des échantillons contenant des matériaux cancérigènes ?](#collapseSeven)
Veuillez noter que nous n’avons pas les installations requises pour la manutention ou l’élimination de certaines matières dangereuses. En tant que tel, nous ne pouvons pas accepter de substances cancérigènes ou de matériaux nécessitant des procédures d’élimination spéciales. Dans le cas de matières hautement inflammables ou de certaines matières toxiques (par exemple les phénols), nous pouvons accepter de très petites quantités afin que leur élimination ne soit pas problématique. Toutefois, veuillez nous contacter avant envoi afin de discuter de la quantité nécessaire.
## [Beta informe-t-il les clients de la date prévue pour la livraison des résultats ? ](#collapseEight)
Un représentant Beta vous contactera pour confirmer l’arrivée en toute sécurité de vos échantillons à MIAMI et vous indiquer une date de livraison des résultats. Les délais indiqués commencent le jour suivant la réception au laboratoire de Miami, hors week-ends.
Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour suivant.
## [Est-ce que Beta retourne des échantillons sur demande ?](#collapseNine)
**[Veuillez lire notre politique sur la conservation et le retour des échantillons.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html#collapse10)**
*Dernière mise à jour : août 2023*
---
### [Solicitud para USDA Certified Biobased - BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/aplicantes-usda-biopreferred.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Antes de enviar sus muestras, consulte directamente con el USDA BioPreferred® Program. **Asegúrese de que su Acuerdo de Participante de Base Biológica haya sido firmado y aceptado.**
Los resultados obtenidos antes del acuerdo firmado y la aceptación en el programa no serán aceptados por el USDA.
[¿Cómo solicitar la certificación BioPreferred?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[Proceso de Certificación de Producto (PDF) ](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## Guía para enviar sus muestras
### **Complete todos los documentos antes de enviar las muestras al laboratorio.**
[Formulario en línea de Beta Analytic](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (seleccione “Análisis para solicitantes del USDA” en análisis solicitado)
Por favor, envíe también lo siguiente:
– Número de aplicación del USDA y
– Documentación de formularios de selección de muestras por fabricante/proveedor
Estos formularios se adjuntan a la notificación por correo electrónico que recibirá del USDA BioPreferred Program.
---
### **Prepare los tamaños de muestra recomendados**
Beta Analytic puede recibir un máximo de 25 gramos o 10 cc por muestra. Si su producto rebasa el tamaño establecido, comuníquese con la USDA BioPreferred Program para obtener la aprobación del submuestreo antes de enviarlo para la prueba.
**Materiales NO APROPIADOS para su eliminación en contenedores de basura convencionales** – Por favor contacte al laboratorio para discutir opciones antes del envío.
**Materiales que pueden desecharse de forma normal:**
**– Sólidos**
MÁXIMO: 0,1 a 1 oz (2,8 a 25 gramos) – pieza destinada a la venta o submuestra aplicable
**– Líquidos**
Químicos, solventes, lubricantes, aceites, líquidos con un alto contenido petroquímico – 1 ml (1 cc) por muestra
Líquidos sin compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) – 10 ml (10 cc) por muestra
## [Contenedor Recomendado para Líquidos](#collapseThree)
Frasco de vidrio para micromuestras de 1 ml con tapa engarzada que tenga un tabique revestido de teflón. El frasco solo debería estar lleno de ¼ a ½.
Asegúrese de que los frascos tengan tapas a presión o cualquier cierre hermético que evite las fugas. También puede usar los frascos que encontrará en [esta web](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Envuelva los frascos correctamente para evitar que se rompan durante el envío.
Asegúrese de que los frascos tengan sellos químicamente no reactivos, por ejemplo, un disco de silicona con una o dos caras de teflón. Si utiliza frascos con tapón de rosca de bajo volumen como el ámbar de arriba, asegúrese de que tengan un revestimiento de tapa no reactivo hecho de silicona y teflón o algún otro material químicamente no reactivo. **No utilize frascos** que tengan tapas forradas con un trozo de cartón con una cara de papel de aluminio en un lado. El lado de cartón está pegado a la tapa. Estos no son adecuados para líquidos volátiles ya que los vapores pueden disolver el pegamento y contaminar la muestra durante el envío.
NOTA: Si la muestra contiene COV, el vial deberá estar lleno (sin espacio libre).
## [Recordatorios de submuestreo](#collapseTwo)
UA menos que se indique lo contrario, tomaremos submuestras del material enviado en una cantidad razonable para el análisis. Si hay instrucciones especiales para garantizar que la submuestra represente mejor los intereses del cliente, consulte con el laboratorio antes del análisis. Dado que el laboratorio no puede ser experto en todos los procesos y productos de fabricación, la responsabilidad del análisis de una submuestra representativa recae en el cliente.
**¿Producto minorista o intermediario?**
Su solicitud con el USDA le pedirá que enumere su producto como un producto minorista o un producto intermedio. “Venta al por menor” se define como un producto que compra directamente el consumidor o se usa un embalaje “tal cual” para contener un producto comprado por el consumidor. “Intermedio” es una materia prima que se vende, luego se modifica o se usa para hacer una “venta al por menor” que luego compra el consumidor.
Si ha incluido su material en la solicitud del USDA como un producto intermedio, es correcto tomar una muestra secundaria y entregarla en cualquier embalaje apropiado para el material. Beta Analytic tomará una fotografía una vez que la muestra sea recibida en el laboratorio.
Si ha incluido su material en la solicitud del USDA como un producto minorista, el USDA le solicitará enviar una muestra en su embalaje minorista (generalmente el laboratorio solicita el más pequeño disponible). El laboratorio tomará una fotografía a modo de verificación de la parte analizada por una tercera parte independiente (por ejemplo, para verificar que el resultado se obtuvo al analizar un material tomado del mismo contenedor que se muestra en la imagen). No puede submuestrear y tomar una fotografía usted mismo para un producto solicitado como producto minorista. Debe enviar el producto en su embalaje de consumo final. No existe una opción de auto-declaración para el submuestreo de productos minoristas.
El cliente debe asegurarse de que los productos a enviar puedan desecharse de manera segura en el estado de Florida. Por ejemplo, la lejía es aceptable, pero ciertos solventes no lo son. En caso de duda, consulte con el laboratorio antes de enviar la muestra. Si desea obtener una submuestra de un producto minorista antes de enviarlo al laboratorio, consulte al USDA.
Llegado el momento de firmar un contrato con ASTM (el acuerdo de participación), la ASTM le indicará que se comunique con Beta para hablar los detalles del análisis (incluida la cantidad adecuada para enviar y dónde enviarlo).
## [Problemas de heterogeneidad](#collapse2)
Los resultados solo serán representativos del material real analizado. Los materiales heterogéneos deben discutirse con el laboratorio antes del análisis para garantizar que la muestra sea representativa de todo el producto.
## [Presencia de carbonatos](#collapse3)
La norma ASTM D6866 requiere que los componentes de carbonato se excluyan del resultado del contenido de base biológica. Se requieren procedimientos especiales para los materiales que contienen carbonatos. El laboratorio necesita saber si hay carbonatos en la formulación de su producto y se debe realizar una discusión antes del análisis para garantizar resultados precisos.
Contacte al programa BioPreferred (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>) con cualquier pregunta sobre **analizar muestras con carbono inorgánico indetectable o encapsulado**.
### **Envíe las muestras y documentos necesarios a Miami**
Envíenos un correo electrónico con la empresa de mensajería y el número de seguimiento.
Dirección de envío:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
Estados Unidos
**Nota: Beta no es responsable de los costos de despacho o transporte de los envíos internacionales que no se realicen a través de una de nuestras oficinas de envío. Los envíos organizados a través de un agente de carga deben enviarse bajo los** [**términos del DDP**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)**. El remitente es responsable de manejar los requisitos administrativos para liberar el envío.**
Todos los materiales peligrosos (que contienen elementos combustibles) deben cumplir con las normas de la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo (IATA); los detalles se pueden encontrar en la sección de [mercancías peligrosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html) de embalaje de Fedex.
### Preguntas frecuentes:
## [¿Beta cobra tarifas de cancelación?](#collapseFive1)
Los análisis comienzan inmediatamente después de recibir las muestras para garantizar que cumplimos con la fecha de entrega prometida. Esto significa que los costes del análisis también se inician en cuanto las muestras llegan al laboratorio. Puede solicitar cambios en sus análisis, pero tenga en cuenta que podrían aplicarse costes parciales o totales dependiendo de la fase en la que esté el análisis cuando se solicita el cambio.
## [¿Beta requiere una ficha de datos de seguridad SDS/MSDS? ](#collapseFive)
Los productos químicos deben incluir la ficha SDS/MSDS. Debemos contar con una copia en nuestros registros.
## [¿Beta acepta muestras con compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) u otros componentes volátiles?](#collapseSix)
Si desea analizar los VOC de su producto, consúltenos antes de enviar la muestra. Solo podemos analizar gases enviados como CO2 (ya sea puro o en mezclas de aire).
Un análisis preciso requiere la recuperación de todo el carbono disponible en el producto. Si un componente de base biológica es volátil y un componente de petróleo no lo es, el contenido de base biológica medido para el producto será demasiado bajo si los componentes volátiles no se recuperan en la misma proporción que los componentes de petróleo no volátiles. Es posible aplicar fácilmente procedimientos especiales para manejar dichas muestras, pero es necesario avisar al laboratorio con antelación al enviar este tipo de muestras, por ejemplo, desinfectantes de manos por evaporación. Tenga en cuenta que es responsabilidad exclusiva del remitente proporcionar esta información al laboratorio.
## [¿Beta acepta muestras con materiales cancerígenos?](#collapseSeven)
Por favor tenga en cuenta que no contamos con las instalaciones necesarias para manipular o desechar ciertos materiales peligrosos. Como tal, no podemos aceptar sustancias cancerígenas o materiales que requieran procedimientos especiales de eliminación. En el caso de ciertos materiales altamente inflamables o tóxicos (por ejemplo, fenoles), podemos aceptar cantidades muy pequeñas para que la eliminación no sea un problema. Sin embargo, comuníquese con nosotros antes de enviar las muestras para discutir la cantidad adecuada a enviar.
## [¿Beta informa a sus clientes el tiempo de entrega de los resultados?](#collapseEight)
Un representante de Beta se pondrá en contacto con usted para confirmar la llegada segura de sus muestras y proporcionarle una fecha de entrega de los resultados. El tiempo de entrega indicado empieza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana.
Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente.
## [¿Beta devuelve muestras bajo solicitud?](#collapseNine)
**[Preguntas frecuentes sobre el análisis de contenido de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html)**
*Última actualización de la página: Agosto de 2023*
---
### [USDA Certified Biobased-Antrag – BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biopreferred-antragsteller.html)
**Published:** June 30, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Bevor Sie Ihre Proben einsenden, wenden Sie sich bitte direkt an das USDA BioPreferred® Program. **Stellen Sie sicher, dass Ihr Biobased Participant Agreement unterzeichnet und akzeptiert wurde.**
Ergebnisse, die vor der unterzeichneten Vereinbarung und der Aufnahme in das Programm erzielt wurden, werden vom USDA nicht akzeptiert.
[Wie beantrage ich die BioPreferred-Zertifizierung?](https://www.biopreferred.gov/BioPreferred/faces/pages/ApplyingForCert.xhtml)
[Produkt-Zertifizierung-Prozess (PDF)](https://www.biopreferred.gov/files/Steps_to_Certification_BioPreferred.pdf)
## Leitfaden zur Einsendung
### **Füllen Sie alle Dokumente aus, bevor Sie Proben an das Labor senden.**
[Beta-Online-Formular](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/) (wählen Sie „Analyse für USDA-Antragsteller“ unter Gewünschte Analyse)
Bitte senden Sie auch Ihre:
– USDA-Antragsnummer und
– Formulare zur Dokumentation der Probenauswahl durch Hersteller/Lieferanten
Diese Formulare sind der E-Mail-Benachrichtigung beigefügt, die Sie vom USDA BioPreferred Program erhalten.
---
### **Bereiten Sie die empfohlenen Probenmengen vor**
Beta Analytic kann maximal 25 Gramm oder 10 cc je Probe verwenden. Wenn Ihr Produkt größer ist, wenden Sie sich bitte an USDA BioPreferred Program, um eine Genehmigung für Unterproben zu erhalten, bevor Sie es zum Testen einreichen.
**Materialien, die NICHT GEEIGNET für die Müllentsorgung** sind – Bitte kontaktieren Sie unser Labor für eine Diskussion vor der Einreichung.
**Geeignete Materialien für die Müllentsorgung:**
**– Feststoffe**
MAXIMUM: 0,1 bis 1 oz (2,8 bis 25 Gramm) – Einzelhandelsstück oder repräsentative Teilprobe
**– Flüssigkeiten**
Chemikalien, Lösungsmittel, Schmiermittel, Öle, Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Anteil an Petrochemikalien – 1 ml (1 cc) je Probe
Flüssigkeiten ohne flüchtige organische Verbindungen (VOCs) – 10 ml (10 cc) je Probe
## [Empfohlener Behälter für Flüssigkeiten](#collapseThree)
1-ml-Mikroprobenfläschchen aus Glas mit Bördelverschluss und teflonbeschichtetem Septum. Das Fläschchen sollte nur zu ¼ – ½ voll sein.
Stellen Sie sicher, dass die Fläschchen Schnappverschlüsse oder einen festen Verschluss haben, der ein Auslaufen verhindert. Sie können auch Fläschchen verwenden, die Sie auf dieser [Seite](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site") finden. Verpacken Sie die Fläschchen ordnungsgemäß, um ein Zerbrechen während des Transports zu vermeiden.
Bitte achten Sie darauf, dass die Fläschchen chemisch nicht reaktive Verschlüsse haben, z.B. aus einer Silikonscheibe mit einer oder zwei Teflonflächen. Wenn Sie kleinvolumige Schraubverschlussfläschchen verwenden, wie das obige braune verwenden, stellen Sie sicher, dass sie eine nicht reaktive Kappenauskleidung aus Silikon und Teflon oder einem anderen chemisch nicht reaktiven Material nutzen. Verwenden Sie **keine** Durchstechflaschen, deren Kappen mit einem Stück Pappe ausgekleidet sind, das auf einer Seite mit Aluminiumfolie bedeckt ist. Die Kartonseite wird mit der Kappe verklebt. Diese sind nicht für flüchtige Flüssigkeiten geeignet, da die Dämpfe den Klebstoff auflösen und die Probe während des Transports kontaminieren können.
HINWEIS: Wenn die Probe VOCs enthält, sollte das Fläschchen voll sein (kein Kopfraum).
## [Erinnerungen an Teilbeprobung](#collapseTwo)
Sofern nicht anders angewiesen, werden wir das eingereichte Material in einer für die Analysemethode angemessenen Menge teilbeproben. Wenn es spezielle Anweisungen gibt, um sicherzustellen, dass die Teilprobe die Interessen des Kunden am besten repräsentiert, besprechen Sie dies bitte vor der Analyse mit dem Labor. Da das Labor nicht Experte für alle Herstellungsverfahren und Produkte sein kann, liegt die Verantwortung für die Analyse einer repräsentativen Teilprobe beim Auftraggeber/Einsender.
Fertig- oder Zwischen-Produkt?
Ihr Antrag beim USDA fordert Sie auf, Ihr Produkt entweder als Einzelhandelsprodukt oder als Zwischenprodukt aufzulisten. „Einzelhandel“ ist definiert als ein Produkt, das direkt vom Verbraucher gekauft wird, oder eine Verpackung, die „wie besehen“ verwendet wird, um ein vom Verbraucher gekauftes Produkt zu enthalten. „Zwischenprodukt“ ist ein Rohmaterial, das verkauft, dann modifiziert oder zur Herstellung eines „Einzelhandelsprodukt“ verwendet wird, das dann vom Verbraucher gekauft wird.
Wenn Sie Ihr Material im USDA-Antrag als Zwischenprodukt aufgeführt haben, ist es in Ordnung, Unterproben zu nehmen und in jeder für das Material geeigneten Verpackung zu liefern. Beta Analytic macht ein Foto, sobald die Probe im Labor eingegangen ist.
Wenn Sie Ihr Material im USDA-Antrag als Einzelhandelsprodukt aufgeführt haben, möchte das USDA, dass Sie eine Probe in der Einzelhandelsverpackung senden (normalerweise wird die kleinste verfügbare vom Labor angefordert). Das Labor muss davon ein Foto machen, um die Analyse durch Dritte zu validieren (d. h. das Ergebnis wurde mit Material produziert, das aus demselben Behälter entnommen wurde, der auf dem Bild gezeigt wird). Für ein Produkt, das als Einzelhandelsprodukt beantragt wurde, können Sie nicht selbst Untermuster nehmen und fotografieren. Sie müssen das Produkt in seiner Endverbraucher-Verpackung versenden. Für die Unterbemusterung von Einzelhandelsprodukten besteht keine Möglichkeit der Selbstdeklaration.
Der Kunde sollte sicherstellen, dass die zu versendenden Produkte im Bundesstaat Florida sicher entsorgt werden können. Zum Beispiel ist Bleichmittel in Ordnung, aber bestimmte Lösungsmittel sind es nicht. Bitte konsultieren Sie im Zweifelsfall das Labor, bevor Sie die Probe einsenden. Wenn Sie von einem Einzelhandelsprodukt eine Unterprobe nehmen möchten, bevor Sie sie an das Labor senden, wenden Sie sich bitte an das USDA.
Nachdem Sie das Stadium der Unterzeichnung eines Vertrags (der Teilnehmervereinbarung) erreicht haben, weist USDA BioPreferred Program Sie an, sich mit Beta in Verbindung zu setzen, um die Einzelheiten der Analyse zu besprechen (einschließlich der angemessenen Menge und des Zielorts).
## [Fragen der Heterogenität](#collapse2)
Die Ergebnisse sind nur repräsentativ für das tatsächlich analysierte Material. Heterogene Materialien sollten vor der Analyse mit dem Labor besprochen werden, um sicherzustellen, dass die Probe repräsentativ für das gesamte Produkt ist.
## [Vorhandensein von Karbonaten](#collapse3)
ASTM D6866 verlangt, dass Karbonat-Komponenten aus dem Ergebnis des biobasierten Gehalts ausgeschlossen werden. Für Materialien, die Karbonate enthalten, sind besondere Verfahren erforderlich. Das Labor muss wissen, ob Ihr Produkt Karbonate enthält und vor der Analyse muss dies besprochen werden, um genaue Ergebnisse zu gewährleisten.
Wenden Sie sich an das BioPreferred Program (<biobasedtesting@im-strat.com>), wenn Sie Fragen zum **Testen von Proben mit nicht nachweisbarem oder eingeschlossenem anorganischem Kohlenstoff haben.**.
### **Senden Sie die Proben und erforderliche Dokumente nach Miami**
Bitte mailen Sie uns die Kurier- und Sendungsverfolgungsnummer.
Lieferanschrift:
Beta Analytic Inc.
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
USA
**Hinweis: Beta ist nicht verantwortlich für die Abfertigungs- oder Transportkosten von internationalen Sendungen, die nicht über eines unserer Speditionsbüros versandt werden. Sendungen, die über eine Spedition arrangiert werden, müssen gemäß den** [**DDP-Bedingungen**](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) **versendet werden. Der Versender ist für die Abwicklung der administrativen Anforderungen zur Freigabe der Sendung verantwortlich.**
Alle gefährlichen Materialien (die brennbare Elemente enthalten) müssen den Vorschriften der International Air Transport Association (IATA) entsprechen; Details finden Sie im Abschnitt Fedex Packaging [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html).
### FAQs:
## [Erhebt Beta Stornogebühren?](#collapseFive1)
Die Analysen werden sofort nach Erhalt der Proben gestartet, um sicherzustellen, dass wir unsere versprochene Lieferzeit einhalten. Dies bedeutet, dass auch nach Erhalt der Proben bereits Gebühren anfallen. Änderungsaufträge sind willkommen, aber bitte beachten Sie, dass teilweise oder vollständige Gebühren anfallen, je nachdem, wie viel Arbeit zum Zeitpunkt der Änderungsanfrage abgeschlossen wurde.
## [Benötigt Beta ein SDS/MSDS? ](#collapseFive)
Chemikalien müssen ein SDS/MSDS enthalten. Wir müssen eine Kopie in den Akten haben.
## [Akzeptiert Beta Proben mit flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOC) und anderen flüchtigen Bestandteilen?](#collapseSix)
Wenn Sie die VOCs in Ihrem Produkt analysieren möchten, wenden Sie sich bitte vor dem Versand der Probe an uns. Wir können nur Gase analysieren, die als CO2 (entweder rein oder in Luftgemischen) eingereicht werden.
Eine genaue Analyse erfordert die Rückgewinnung des gesamten verfügbaren Kohlenstoffs im Produkt. Wenn eine biobasierte Komponente flüchtig ist und eine Erdölkomponente nicht, ist der gemessene biobasierte Gehalt für das Produkt zu niedrig, wenn die flüchtigen Stoffe nicht im gleichen Verhältnis wie die nichtflüchtigen Erdölkomponenten zurückgewonnen werden. Zur Handhabung solcher Proben werden ohne weiteres spezielle Verfahren angewendet, aber das Labor muss sich der Notwendigkeit bewusst sein, z.B Verdunstungs-Handedesinfektionsmittel. Beachten Sie, dass es in der alleinigen Verantwortung des Einsenders liegt, dem Labor diese Informationen zur Verfügung zu stellen.
## [Akzeptiert Beta Proben mit krebserregenden Materialien?](#collapseSeven)
Bitte beachten Sie, dass wir nicht über die Einrichtungen zur Handhabung oder Entsorgung bestimmter gefährlicher Materialien verfügen. Daher können wir keine krebserregenden Stoffe oder Materialien annehmen, die besondere Entsorgungsverfahren erfordern. Bei leicht entzündlichen oder bestimmten giftigen Stoffen (z. B. Phenolen) können wir Kleinstmengen entgegennehmen, sodass eine Entsorgung kein Problem darstellt. Bitte kontaktieren Sie uns jedoch vor dem Versenden der Proben, um die entsprechende Menge zu besprechen.
## [Wird Beta Kunden informieren, wann die Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind?](#collapseEight)
Ein Beta-Vertreter wird sich mit Ihnen in Verbindung setzen, um die sichere Ankunft Ihrer Proben in MIAMI zu bestätigen und Ihnen einen Liefertermin für die Ergebnisse mitzuteilen. Unsere angegebene Bearbeitungszeit beginnt einen Tag nach Eingang im Labor in Miami, ausgenommen Wochenenden.
Nach 15 Uhr EST werden die Proben am folgenden Tag im System angemeldet.
## [Kann Beta auf Anfrage Proben zurücksenden? ](#collapseNine)
**Bitte lesen Sie unsere Richtlinie zur Probenaufbewahrung und -rückgabe.**
*Letzte Aktualisierung der Seite: August 2023*
---
### [寄送天然來源測試樣品](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/samples.html)
**Published:** December 6, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[歡迎與我們聯絡](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html "歡迎與我們聯絡")，我們會在上班時間回覆(美東時間週一 – 週五，上午8點 – 下午5點)
[Beta實驗室是無示蹤劑的實驗室](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/tracer-free-lab.html "Beta實驗室是無示蹤劑的實驗室"), 根據我們的**[服務條款和條件](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "服務條款和條件")**，送交帶有人造/標記/示蹤劑碳-14樣品的Beta實驗室客戶將承擔損壞和清理費用。
### **建議樣品量：**
**適合以一般垃圾處理的材料**
**– 固體**
- 最大樣品量: 0.5至5公克 – 市售品或適當的子樣品
**– 液體**
- 化學品、溶劑、潤滑劑、油、石化成分含量高的液體 – 每個樣品 1 mL毫升（1 cc）
- 不含揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)的液體– 每個樣品 10 毫升（10 cc）
## [推薦的液體盛裝容器](#collapseThree)
1-2 mL玻璃微量樣本瓶，帶有特氟龍內墊的鉗口。填裝¼ – ½滿即可。
請使用塑膠或玻璃瓶盛裝樣品。確保樣本瓶有卡口蓋或任何可防止洩漏的緊密封口。您可以使用此 [網頁](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")內的樣本瓶。正確包裹樣本瓶以防止在運輸過程中破損。
請確保樣本瓶的密封不會產生化學反應，例如選擇單面或雙面特氟龍的矽膠墊片。如果您使用像上面的琥珀色小容量螺旋蓋樣本瓶，請確保它們的瓶蓋襯墊是由矽膠和特氟龍或其他穩定化學材料製成的。切勿使用內襯是紙板，一側有鋁箔面的瓶蓋。紙板已黏貼在瓶蓋上。此類樣本瓶不適用於揮發性液體，因為蒸汽會溶解黏膠並在運輸過程中污染樣品。
請注意: 樣品如果含有揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)，需裝滿容器(頂部不留空氣)。
**不適合 NOT SUITABLE一般垃圾處理的材料—**請在提交前聯繫實驗室進行討論。
### **填寫必備文件**
[Beta實驗室申請表](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
請 並註明是否具有揮發性成分。
BETA不需要任何您認為可能違反保密協議的產品資訊 。
---
### **將樣品和相關文件寄到 Beta實驗室**
如果您選擇將樣品直接寄送到美國邁阿密總部，請在清關文件上標明：“Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”（Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – 科研分析用樣品，將於分析過程中銷毀 – 不具商業價值）
清關和貨品價值: 1美元
關稅協調碼 (即HS碼) – 280300
如果您想直接將樣品寄到美國邁阿密總部，請確保快遞公司會負責所有的通關事宜。歡迎連繫我們，洽詢運送相關建議。
**請注意: 如果不是透過Beta實驗室的轉運辦事處寄送的國際貨件，我們將不負責清關或運輸費用。透過貨運代理安排的貨物必須按照 [DDP條款](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)寄送。托運方需負責處理放行貨物的行政要求。**
### 問與答:
## [Beta實驗室會收取消費用嗎?](#collapseFive1)
為了達到我們承諾的交件時間，收到樣品後會立即開始測試。這也代表樣品抵達後即開始計費。在此之後，您也可以按您的需求變更服務内容，不過要注意的是，我們會在收到您的變更請求之後，視手上的測試完成度而收取部分或全部的費用 。
## [需要寄送多少樣品?](#collapseFive9)
BETA實驗室没有限制最少要寄多少個樣品。我們的每個測試報告都使用一組獨一無二的編號。
對於研究和開發，一次測試就已足够。如果您是為了取得認證或滿足法規要求而送測樣品，請在寄送樣品前諮詢相關管理機構，對於測試樣品數量的要求。
## [如果樣品中有揮發性成分怎麼辦?](#collapseSix9)
準確的分析需要回收產品中所有可用的碳。如果生質成分是揮發性的，而石油成分不是，而揮發物沒有以與非揮發性石油成分相同的比例回收，則所測得的產品生質含量將太低。應用特殊程序來處理此類樣品是很容易的，但實驗室需要意識到這種需求，例如乾洗手。請注意，向實驗室提供此訊息是申請者的重要責任。
## [寄送危險樣品前要做些什麼?](#collapseSix)
如果即將運往美國的樣品被國際航空運輸協會 ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)) 指定為危險物品。**在運送危險樣品前通知我們是非常重要的**. 我們可以為您提供正確的說明和送貨地址。國際航空運輸協會(IATA)豁免數量代碼E1，E2，E4或E5以及包裝類別II和III中的危險物質均符合最低量運輸(De Minimis)條件。寄送到邁阿密實驗室的樣品需符合最低量運輸條件，樣本量不得超過1毫升，且包裝必須遵守“[危險品條例](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations")”的指導原則，在洩漏的情況下具有足夠的吸收性，並且足夠堅固以防止破損。最低量運輸不需要特殊標籤。相關詳細資料，請查閱“國際航空運輸協會危險品條例”。
## [Beta會告訴客戶什麼時候發佈報告嗎?](#collapseNine)
Beta實驗室的相關人員會聯繫您，除告知樣品已經安全抵達外，也會提供報告的預期完成時間。預計測試時間自邁阿密實驗室收到樣品之次日開始計算，不包含周末及例假日。
美東時間下午3點以後抵達實驗室的樣品將於次日登錄進系統裡。
## [Beta實驗室需要SDS/MSDS嗎? ](#collapseEight)
化學品需要提供SDS/MSDS。我們需要檔案影本。
## [可以請求Beta實驗室退還剩餘樣品嗎? ](#collapseTen)
**請詳閱Beta實驗室的樣品保留和返還相關政策。**
[常見問題: 使用碳14分析分辨天然與人工合成](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/faq.html)
*最後更新：2023年11月*
---
### [天然由来製品の試料を送付する](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/samples.html)
**Published:** October 27, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[いつでもご連絡ください](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "いつでもご連絡ください")。 営業時間中(9 AM-6 PM JST, 月-金)に迅速に対応いたします。
[Beta Analytic はトレーサー・フリー試験所です](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/tracer-free-lab.html "Beta Analytic はトレーサー・フリー試験所です")。 われわれの **[Terms and Conditions of Services](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "Terms and Conditions of Services")**により、Beta Analyticに人為起源/ラベルされた/トレーサーCarbon-14を送付したクライアントは試験所の損害とクリーンアップの費用の責を負います。
### **必要な量の試料をご用意ください。**
**ごみとして廃棄できる物質:**
**– 固体**
- 最大: 0.5 から 5 g – 小売り用のピースもしくは適切に分取した試料
**– 液体**
- 化学品、溶液、潤滑油、オイル、石油化学成分の濃度が高い液体は – 1試料につき1 mL (1 cc)
- 揮発性有機物(VOCs)の含まれていない液体は – 1試料につき 10 mL (10 cc)
## [液体試料用の推奨容器](#collapseThree)
ガラス製 1-2 mL テフロンセプタム付きクリンプトップ式マイクロサンプルバイアル。 試料は容器の¼ – ½ 程度の量にしてください。
試料用容器としてプラスチック製またはガラス製バイアルをご使用ください。 漏れを防ぐために、バイアルにスナップキャップまたはしっかりとした密栓があることを確認してください。 またこちらの [サイト](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). からもバイアルをお探しいただけます。 輸送中の漏れを防ぐために、しっかりとバイアルを包んでください。
バイアルキャップには、一層もしくは二層のテフロンフェイス・シリコンなどの化学反応を誘発しないセプタムなどをお使いください。上記にあるアンバーガラスバイアルのような低容量のスクリューキャップ付きバイアルをご使用の場合は、シリコンおよびテフロン、その他の化学反応を誘発しない物質から出来た栓を必ずお使いください。 アルミホイルの面に厚紙が張られたキャップはお使いにならないでください。 厚紙はキャップに接着剤で結着されています。これらは燃料や他の揮発性液体に適していません。揮発する際に接着剤を分解し、輸送中にサンプルを汚染する可能性があります。
注意点: VOCsが含まれている試料は満量にしてください(ヘッドスペースがないように)
**ゴミとして廃棄に適さない 物質** – 送付前にご相談ください。
### **お申込書にご記入ください。**
[Beta お申込書](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
揮発性物質が試料に含まれているかどうかご記載ください。
BETA はお客様の製品の機密に関わるような情報は必要としておりません。
---
### **日本国内のお客様は試料およびお申込書を株式会社地球科学研究所に送付してください。**
試料の送付先：
〒468-0007 名古屋市天白区植田本町一丁目608番地 株式会社 地球科学研究所
**N注意点: Betaは我々のフォーワーディングオフィス以外を通じて試料が送付された場合、その通関手続きや輸送にかかる費用に責任を持ちません。運送業者に輸送を依頼する場合は、 [DDP 条項](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page)に従う必要があります。荷物のリリースのために必要な行政手続きは送り主の責任で行っていただく必要があります。**
### FAQs:
## [Betaではキャンセル料金が必要ですか?](#collapseFive1)
試料を受領後速やかに分析に取り掛かり、納期を守るよう最善を尽くします。これは、試料を受領した時点で料金が発生しているという意味です。注文のご変更は可能ですが、注文変更時までの稼働時間によって部分料金あるいは全体料金が適用されることをご承知おきください。
## [試料はいくつ送付すればよいですか?](#collapseFive9)
Beta Analytic は最小試料数を設けていません。それぞれの試料に個別の認証番号がついたレポートを発行します。
研究開発が目的の場合、一回の測定で十分です。認証、規制適合に係る試料に関しては、試料提出前に管轄の政府機関または認証機関に必要な試験回数をご確認ください。
## [試料が揮発性成分を含んでいる場合の注意点は?](#collapseSix9)
正確な結果を得るためには、試料に含まれているすべての炭素を回収しなければいけません。もし、バイオベース(“天然由来”)成分が揮発性で合成由来成分がそうでなかった場合、揮発性成分と不揮発性成分が同じ比率で回収されなければ、製品のバイオベース濃度測定値は低くなってしまいます。このような試料は特別な方法で試料を取り扱う必要がありますが、Betaは事前に試料に揮発性成分が含まれていることを知る必要があります。試験所にそういった情報を事前に提供することは依頼者様の責任です。
## [危険物質はどのように送ればよいですか?](#collapseSix)
弊社のラボには特定の危険物質を取り扱う施設がありません。それ故発がん性物質もしくは特別な廃棄処理が必要な物質は受領することができません。引火性の高い、あるいは特定の毒性を含む物質の場合(例：フェノール)は、廃棄に問題がないごく微量であれば送りいただけますが、その場合は必ず事前にご相談ください。
## [Beta は納期を知らせますか?](#collapseNine)
弊社より荷物が到着したことおよび結果の納期についてお知らせします。納期はマイアミのラボラトリーに試料が到着した日から発生する営業日（週末を除く）となります。
試験所に3 PM EST以降に届いた試料は翌日のログインとさせていただきます。
## [Beta はSDS/MSDSが必要ですか?](#collapseEight)
化学物質にはSDS/MSDSが必要です。 – こちらでコピーを保存します。
## [Betaから試料の返送は可能ですか?](#collapseTen)
**[サンプル保管と返却のポリシーについてはこちらをお読みください。](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html#collapse10)**
[FAQ: 炭素-14分析による 天然 vs 合成 試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/faq.html)
*最終更新：2023年11月*
---
### [자연산 원료 사용 진위 여부 실험의 시료 발송 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/samples.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[언제든 연락 바랍니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "언제든 연락 바랍니다"). 질의 내용에 대해 영업 시간 내 신속히 답변해드립니다. (8 AM-5 PM, 월요일-금요일).
[Beta 연구소는 무 추적자 실험실 입니다](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/tracer-free-lab.html "Beta 연구소는 무 추적자 실험실 입니다"). 인공/라벨/추적자 탄소 -14 함유 시료를 제출하는 고객들은 **[서비스 조건 및 컨디션](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "서비스 조건 및 컨디션")**. 에 따라 피해 및 세척 비용을 지불해야 합니다.
### **권장 시료 량**
**일반 쓰레기 폐기 적합 물질들;**
**– 고체**
- 최대: 0.5 to 5 그램 – 소매 판매 형태 혹은 적합한 시료
**– 액체**
- 화학 물질, 솔벤트, 윤활유, 오일, 석유 화학 액체 류 – 1 mL (1 cc) 시료 당
- 비 휘발성 유기 화합물 (VOCs) 액체 류 – 10 mL (10cc) 시료 당
## [액체 시료를 위한 권장 용기](#collapseThree)
1-2 mL 유리 바이알 병. 바이알 병에 ¼ – ½ 정도만 채웁니다.
플라스틱 이나 유리 바이알 만 사용합니다. 새지 않게 강력한 마개를 가진 바이알 병을 사용합니다. [이 사이트](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site")에 있는 바이알 병을 사용할 수 있습니다. 운송 중 깨지지 않게 잘 포장합니다.
병 마개가 화학적으로 변하지 않는지 확인합니다. 앰버와 같은 소량 스쿠류 탑 바이알 병을 사용한다면, 실리콘 및 테프론 혹은 다른 화학적으로 반응하지 않는 물질로 만든 뚜껑인지 반드시 확인 바랍니다. 한쪽 면이 알루미늄 호일로 된 마개의 바이알 병은 절대 사용하지 말아야 합니다. 이 판은 접착제로 붙여 놓았기 때문입니다. 휘발성 액체에서 나오는 기체가 운송 중 접착제를 녹일 수 있어 오염이 되기 때문에 적합하지 않습니다.
참조: 시료가 휘발성 물질을 함유하고 있다면, 병을 꽉 채웁니다. (공간이 없게).
**일반 쓰레기 폐기 부적합 물질 들** – 시료 제출 전 사전에 실험실에 연락 바랍니다.
### **해당 서류들을 작성합니다.**
[데이타 시트 (Beta Data Sheet)](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
시료가 휘발성이 있는지 여부 기입한다.
BETA 연구소는 제품의 기밀이라 생각하는 정보에 대해서는 필요가 없다.
---
### **Beta 연구소 사무실료 시료와 서류 보내기**
시료를 미국 본사로 바로 보낼 경우, 세관 시고서에 다름과 같이 작성한다. “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
세관굥 신고 가격 : 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
직접 미국 본사 실험실로 시료를 발송할 경우, 발송업체가 미국 세관 통관까지 모든 책임을 지는 업체를 선정하는 것이 좋다. 발송에 관한 자문이 필요하면 연락바란다.
**참조: Beta 연구소는 본사 포워딩 사무실을 이용하지 않을 경우 국제 택배비, 통관 비용에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. 탁송 업체를 이용한 선적은 반드시 [DDP 계약](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) 조건에서 보내져야 합니다. 발송자가 배달 관련한 모든 행정 비용 지불 책임을 집니다.**
### FAQs:
## [취소 수수료가 있나?](#collapseFive1)
약속한 날짜를 지키기 위해 시료가 도착하자마자 바로 분석 작업에 들어갑니다. 이 말은 시료 도착과 함께 비용이 발생한다는 뜻입니다. 주문 변경이 가능하지만, 요청하는 시점까지 행한 작업에 따라 부분 혹은 전액 비용이 청구될 수도 있다는 점을 알아주시기 바랍니다.
## [몇 개 시료를 보내야 하나?](#collapseFive9)
최소 개수는 없습니다. 각 시료에 대해 하나의 승인 번호를 가진 보고서를 제공합니다.
연구 및 개발 용으로 한번의 측정이면 됩니다. 인증이나 규제 기관 제출 용 실험인 경우, 몇 번의 실험을 해야 하는지 해당 기관에 문의 바랍니다.
## [시료에 휘발성 성분이 있는 경우 어떻게 해야 합니까?](#collapseSix9)
정확한 분석을 위해서 제품 내 모든 탄소를 확인해야 합니다. 만약 바이오 기반 구성 부분이 휘발성이고, 석유 구성 부분이 휘발성이 아니라면, 휘발 된 부분이 비 휘발성 석유 구성 부분 만큼 확인이 안된다면, 바이오 기반 함량 측정 값이 너무 낮게 나오게 됩니다. 이런 시료 들을 다룰 때는 특별 절차가 필요하며, 실험실은 이에 대해 미리 알고 있어야 합니다. 예. 증발성 손 소독제. 이런 정보를 실험실에 제공하는 것은 전적으로 고객의 책임입니다.
## [위험 물질 발송 전 해야 할 일은? ](#collapseSix)
위험물질로 판명된 시료의 경우, 발송 전 사전 통보 바랍니다. 그래야 적절한 방법 및 발송 주소 안내를 할 수 있습니다. International Air Transport Association ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)). **Hazardous substances with IATA Excepted Quantity Codes E1, E2, E4 나 E5 그리고 Packing Groups II and III 는 De Minimis shipping**. Samples을 정해 놓았는데, 위험물질로 분류된 경우, 미국 본사로 바로 발송하셔야 합니다. 시료가 1 ml을 초과해서는 안되며, 위험 물질 규정의 가이드라인에 따라 누수가 될 경우, 충분히 흡수해야 하고, 깨짐을 방지하기 위해 튼튼히 포장해야 합니다. 특별한 표식은 필요없습니다. 자세한 정보는 IATA [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations") Regulations.참조하시기 바랍니다.
## [결과 보고서가 언제 나오는지 알려주나요?](#collapseNine)
시료가 무사히 본사 실험실에 도착하면 도착 획인 및 결과 보고 예상일을 보낸다.적시된 결과 보고일은 본사 실험실 도착 다음날부터 주말 제외하고 시작합니다.
미국 동부 시간 3 PM 이후 실험실에 도착한 시료들은 그 다음날 체크인 됩니다.
## [SDS/MSDS 이 필요한가요?](#collapseEight)
화학물질은 반드시 SDS/MSDS을 포함해야 합니다. 우리는 사본을 보관해야 합니다.
## [시료 반환 요청 가능한가요?](#collapseTen)
**새료의 보관 및 시료 반송에 관한 본사 규정을 일기 바란다.**
[빈번한 질의 응답: 방사성탄소 (C14) 분석에 의한 천연유래 vs 합성유래 실험법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/faq.html)
*최신 업데이트: 2023년 11월*
---
### [Envie suas amostras para a análise da origem de produtos naturais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/amostras.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Entre em contato a qualquer momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Entre em contato a qualquer momento"). Respondemos prontamente durante o horário comercial (8:00 às 17:00, de segunda a sexta).
[O Beta Analytic é um laboratório livre de marcadores](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/livre-de-marcadores.html "O Beta Analytic é um laboratório livre de marcadores"). Clientes do Beta Analytic que enviarem amostras com carbono-14 artificial, marcado ou com traçadores serão responsabilizados pelos danos causados e pelos custos de limpeza, de acordo com os nossos **[Termos e Condições de Serviços](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "Terms and Conditions of Services")**.
### **Prepare as quantidades recomendadas**
**Materiais adequados para descarte no lixo:**
**– Sólidos**
- MÁXIMO: 0,5 a 5 gramas – peça de varejo ou subamostra aplicável
**– Líquidos**
- Químicos, solventes, lubrificantes, óleos e líquidos com alto teor petroquímico – 1 ml (1 cc) por amostra
- Líquidos sem compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) – 10 ml (10 cc) por amostra
## [Embalagem recomendada para líquidos](#collapseThree)
Frasco de vidro de 1-2 ml, com tampa de pressão que tenha septo revestido de Teflon. O frasco deve estar preenchido apenas até ¼ – ½ de sua capacidade.
Use frascos de plástico ou vidro para conter a amostra. Certifique-se de que a tampa do frasco seja hermética e que esteja bem colocada para evitar vazamentos. Pode-se encontrar frascos adequados neste [site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Embrulhe bem o frasco para que ele não se rompa durante o transporte.
Assegure-se de que a tampa do frasco seja quimicamente não-reagente, por exemplo, que seja com disco de silicone com uma ou duas faces de teflon. Se for usar um frasco com tampa de rosca, como o âmbar na imagem, verifique se a tampa possui revestimento de silicone ou teflon, ou de outro material não-reagente. Não utilize frascos com tampas revestidas de papelão com alumínio, em que o lado de papelão está colado à tampa. Esse tipo de tampa não é apropriada para conter combustíveis ou outros líquidos voláteis, uma vez que os vapores podem dissolver a cola e contaminar a amostra durante o transporte.
Observação: se a amostra contém COVs, o frasco deve estar cheio até a boca, sem deixar ar.
**Materiais INADEQUADOS para descarte no lixo** – Por favor contate o laboratório para discussão antes do envio.
### **Preencha todos os documentos necessários**
[Folha de dados Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Por favor informe-nos da presença de componentes voláteis no envio de amostras.
O Beta não requer informações que possam afetar a confidencialidade do seu produto.
---
### **Envie as amostras e documentos para o Beta Analytic**
Para evitar atrasos aduaneiros, utilize a declaração alfandegária recomendada: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Certifique-se de usar uma transportadora que assuma completa responsabilidade de liberar o pacote junto à aduana estadunidense. Fique à vontade para contatar-nos para obter recomendações de envio.
**Observação: o Beta não se responsabiliza pela liberação alfandegária ou pelos custos de envios internacionais de amostras que não tenham sido encaminhadas por um de nossos escritórios. Todos os envios via empresas de transportes devem ser feitos sob o [Incoterm DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). O remetente é responsável pelos trâmites administrativos para a liberação da carga.**
### Perguntas frequentes:
## [O Beta cobra taxas de cancelamento?](#collapseFive1)
A análise é iniciada imediatamente após o recebimento da amostra, a fim de cumprir o prazo de entrega prometido. Isso implica que a cobrança também ocorre assim que a amostra é recebida. Modificações nos pedidos são bem-vindas, mas é importante observar que tais alterações podem resultar em cobranças parciais ou integrais, dependendo do progresso do serviço no momento da solicitação da alteração.
## [Quantas amostras devo enviar?](#collapseFive9)
O Beta Analytic não exige um número mínimo de amostras. Fornecemos um relatório com número certificado exclusivo para cada amostra.
Para fins de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, uma análise poderá ser suficiente. Se você for enviar amostras para conformidade a certificações ou regulamentações, por favor consulte a agência dirigente sobre a quantidade exigida de amostras para análise antes de enviá-las.
## [O que fazer se a amostra tem componentes voláteis?](#collapseSix9)
Uma análise acurada requer a recuperação de todo o carbono disponível no produto. Se um componente biobaseado é volátil e um componente petroquímico não é, o teor de carbono biobaseado medido no produto será baixo demais se o componente volátil não for recuperado na mesma proporção que o componente petroquímico não volátil. O laboratório pode facilmente aplicar procedimentos especiais para tais amostras, mas é necessário que se tenha ciência da necessidade; por exemplo, desinfetantes para as mãos que sejam evaporáveis. Por favor, observe que é responsabilidade exclusiva do solicitante da análise fornecer essa informação para o laboratório.
## [O que fazer antes de enviar amostras perigosas?](#collapseSix)
Substâncias perigosas com os códigos de quantidades exceptuadas da [IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/) E1, E2, E4 ou E5, **assim como as substâncias nos grupos de embalagem II e III cumprem os requisitos para o envio De Minimis (simplificados)**. Para envios De Minimis até o nosso escritório em Miami, a amostra não deverá exceder 1 mL, e a embalagem deverá seguir as diretrizes especificadas no Regulamento de Mercadorias Perigosas ([Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations")), sendo suficientemente absorvente no caso de vazamentos, e resistente o bastante para evitar rompimentos. Não é exigida uma rotulagem especial para o envio De Minimis. Para maiores informações, por favor consulte o regulamento de mercadorias perigosas do IATA (IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations).
## [O Beta informa os clientes da data prevista dos resultados?](#collapseNine)
Um representante do Beta Analytic entrará em contato com você para confirmar o recebimento de suas amostras e para informar a data prevista para a entrega dos resultados. Nosso prazo de entrega começa a contar no dia seguinte ao recebimento da amostra em nosso laboratório em Miami, excluindo-se os fins de semana.
Amostras recebidas no laboratório após as 15h (EST) serão registradas no sistema no dia seguinte.
## [O Beta requer fichas de segurança (FISPQ/SDS/MSDS)?](#collapseEight)
Os químicos deverão incluir a ficha SDS/MSDS. Precisamos contar com uma cópia em nossos arquivos.
## [O Beta devolve amostras mediante solicitação?](#collapseTen)
**Consulte a nossa política de retenção e devolução de amostras.**
[Perguntas frequentes: Análises por Carbono-14 de produtos naturais x sintéticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/faq.html)
*Última atualização: novembro de 2023*
---
### [Inviare campioni per l’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/campioni.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contattaci in qualsiasi momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Contattaci in qualsiasi momento"). Rispondiamo rapidamente alle richieste pervenute durante l’orario di apertura (8-17 Eastern Standard Time, da lunedì a venerdì).
[Beta Analytic è un laboratorio che non utilizza 14C tracciante](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/laboratorio-tracer-free.html "Beta Analytic è un laboratorio che non utilizza 14C tracciante"). I clienti che dovessero inviare a Beta Analytic campioni contenenti carbonio-14 artificiale/tracciante saranno ritenuti responsabili dei danni e dei costi per la pulizia come indicato nei nostri **[Termini e Condizioni](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "Termini e Condizioni")**.
### **Preparare la quantità raccomandata**
**Materiali adatti allo smaltimento come rifiuti normali**
**– Solidi**
- da 0,5 a un MASSIMO di 5 grammi – contenitore destinato alla vendita o sottocampione appropriato
**– Liquidi**
- Prodotti chimici, solventi, lubrificanti, oli, liquidi ad alto contenuto di carbonio – 1 ml (1 cc) per campione
- Liquidi senza composti organici volatili (COV) – 10 ml (10 cc) per campione
## [Contenitore raccomandato per i liquidi](#collapseThree)
Provetta di vetro da 1-2 ml per microcampioni con tappo a ghiera e setto rivestito in Teflon. La provetta dovrebbe essere riempita solo per un quarto o per metà.
Assicurarsi che le provette abbiano tappi a scatto o altro tipo di chiusura sicura che eviti la fuoriuscita di materiale. È possibile utilizzare le provette disponibili su questo [sito](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Imballare le provette adeguatamente per evitare che si rompano durante il trasporto.
Assicurarsi che i sigilli delle provette siano chimicamente inerti, ovvero che siano costituiti, ad esempio, di un disco di silicone con una o due facce in Teflon. Se si utilizzano provette con tappo a vite di piccolo volume come quella color ambra qui sopra, assicurarsi che il tappo sia rivestito di materiale inerte come il silicone, il Teflon o altro materiale non reattivo. Non usare provette con tappi rivestiti di cartone e alluminio. Il cartone è incollato al tappo. Queste provette non sono adatte ai liquidi volatili poiché i vapori possono sciogliere la colla e contaminare il campione durante la spedizione.
NOTA: se il campione contiene COV, la provetta deve essere piena (senza spazio vuoto).
**Materiali NON ADATTI allo smaltimento come rifiuti normali** – contattare il laboratorio prima di inviare i campioni.
### **Compilare tutti i documenti necessari**
[Foglio dati Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Indicare se i campioni inviati contengono componenti volatili.
BETA non richiede informazioni che possano violare la riservatezza del prodotto.
---
### **Inviare i campioni e i documenti a un ufficio di Beta Analytic**
Quando si inviano campioni direttamente a Miami, utilizzare la seguente dicitura per la dichiarazione doganale: “Carbon NCM number 2803.00 for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value”
Valore doganale: 1 USD
Tariffa doganale armonizzata (codice HS) – 280300
Quando si inviano campioni direttamente negli Stati Uniti, assicurarsi che il corriere si assuma la piena responsabilità dello sdoganamento del pacco alla dogana statunitense. Contattare Beta per consigli sulla spedizione.
**Nota: Beta non è responsabile dei costi di sdoganamento o di trasporto delle spedizioni internazionali inviate direttamente al laboratorio di Miami. Le spedizioni organizzate attraverso uno spedizioniere devono essere inviate secondo la [regola Incoterms DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). l cliente è responsabile della gestione delle procedure amministrative necessarie per lo sdoganamento.**
### Domande frequenti:
## [Sono previsti dei costi per la cancellazione dei campioni?](#collapseFive1)
Le analisi iniziano immediatamente all’arrivo dei campioni per garantire il rispetto della data di consegna promessa. Ciò significa che anche i costi vengono applicati immediatamente alla ricezione dei campioni. Possiamo accettare alcune modifiche agli ordini, ma potremmo dover applicare una tariffa parziale o totale in base alla quantità di lavoro già completato al momento della richiesta di modifica.
## [Quanti campioni inviare? ](#collapseFive9)
Beta Analytic non richiede l’invio di un numero minimo di campioni. Forniamo un referto con un numero di certificato unico per ogni campione.
Se l’analisi fa parte di un progetto di ricerca e sviluppo, una misurazione è sufficiente. Per le analisi richieste allo scopo di ottenere una certificazione o dimostrare la conformità a una normativa, raccomandiamo di consultare l’agenzia governativa o l’ente certificatore prima di inviare i campioni per verificare quante misurazioni sono necessarie.
## [Cosa fare se i campioni hanno dei componenti volatili?](#collapseSix9)
Per un’analisi accurata è importante che tutto il carbonio disponibile nel prodotto venga recuperato. Per i materiali misti, se la componente biobased è volatile e quella petrolifera non lo è, il contenuto biobased misurato sarà inferiore a quello reale, a meno che le sostanze volatili non vengano recuperate nella stessa proporzione dei componenti petroliferi non volatili. Questi campioni vengono gestiti secondo procedure speciali, ma il laboratorio deve essere avvisato della presenza di componenti volatili, ad esempio nel caso dei disinfettanti per le mani ad asciugatura rapida. Fornire queste informazioni al laboratorio è responsabilità esclusiva del cliente.
## [Cosa fare prima di inviare campioni pericolosi al laboratorio?](#collapseSix)
È molto importante informarci prima di inviare materiali pericolosi, così che possiamo fornire le indicazioni necessarie e l’indirizzo di spedizione corretto. Se classificati come pericolosi dalla International Air Transport Association ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)), i campioni devono essere spediti direttamente al laboratorio negli Stati Uniti. **Le sostanze pericolose contrassegnate dai codici IATA per le quantità consentite E1, E2, E4 e E5 e le sostanze nei gruppi d’imballaggio II e III sono idonee alla spedizione “De minimis”.** Per spedire come “De minimis” al nostro ufficio di Miami,il volume del campione non deve superare 1 ml e l’imballaggio deve rispettare le linee guida delle normative sulle merci pericolose (“[Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations")”), essere sufficientemente assorbente in caso di perdite e abbastanza robusto da impedire danni al contenitore. Non è richiesta un’etichetta speciale per la spedizione de minimis. Per informazioni dettagliate, consultare le normative IATA sulle merci pericolose (“IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations”).
## [Beta indica ai clienti la data prevista per la consegna dei risultati?](#collapseNine)
Un rappresentante di Beta confermerà l’arrivo dei campioni e comunicherà la data di consegna prevista per i risultati. I tempi di consegna indicati si intendono a partire dal giorno successivo alla ricezione dei campioni al laboratorio di Miami, weekend esclusi.
I campioni consegnati al laboratorio dopo le 15:00 EST vengono registrati il giorno successivo.
## [Beta richiede una SDS/MSDS?](#collapseEight)
Le sostanze chimiche devono essere accompagnate da una SDS/MSDS, che deve essere registrata nel nostro archivio.
## [È possibile richiedere la restituzione dei campioni?](#collapseTen)
**[Visionare la nostra informativa sull’archiviazione e la restituzione dei campioni.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html#collapse10)**
[Domande frequenti: verifica delle fonti naturali e sintetiche tramite analisi del carbonio-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/faq.html)
*Ultimo aggiornamento: novembre 2023*
---
### [Envoyer des échantillons pour analyse de l’origine de vos produits naturels](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/echantillons.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contactez-nous à tout moment](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Contactez-nous à tout moment"). Nous répondons rapidement aux demandes pendant les heures ouvrables (de 8h00 à 17h00 heure française, du lundi au vendredi).
[Beta Analytic est un laboratoire sans traceur](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/labo-sans-traceur.html "Beta Analytic est un laboratoire sans traceur"). Les clients de Beta Analytic qui enverraient des échantillons contenant du carbone 14 artificiel/étiqueté/traceur seront responsables des dommages et des frais de nettoyage engendrés conformément à nos **[conditions générales de services](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "conditions générales de services")**.
### **Préparer la quantité recommandée**
**Matériaux adaptés à l’élimination des déchets :**
**– Solides**
- MAXIMUM : 0,5 à 5 grammes – échantillon individuel ou sous-échantillon
**– Liquides**
- Produits chimiques, solvants, lubrifiants, huiles, liquides à haute teneur en produits pétrochimiques – 1 ml par échantillon
- Liquides sans composés organiques volatils (COV) – 10 mL par échantillon
## [Récipient recommandé pour les liquides](#collapseThree)
Flacon pour micro-échantillon en verre de 1-2 ml avec un bouchon à sertir doté d’un septum doublé de téflon. Le flacon ne doit être rempli qu’à ¼ – ½.
Veuillez utiliser des flacons en plastique ou en verre pour vos échantillons. Assurez-vous que vos flacons sont munis de bouchons à pression ou d’une fermeture étanche afin d’éviter toute fuite. Vous pouvez également utiliser des flacons vendus sur [ce site](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site"). Emballez correctement les flacons pour éviter qu’ils ne se cassent pendant le transport.
Veuillez vous assurer que les flacons ont des joints chimiquement non réactifs, par ex. constitué d’un disque de silicone à une ou deux faces en téflon. Si vous utilisez des flacons à bouchon à vis à faible volume comme celui de couleur ambre ci-dessus, assurez-vous que le revêtement du bouchon est non réactif en silicone et en téflon ou en un autre matériau chimiquement non réactif. N’utilisez pas de flacons dont les bouchons sont doublés d’un morceau de carton avec une face en aluminium sur un côté. Le côté carton serait collé au bouchon. Ils ne conviennent pas aux liquides volatils car les vapeurs peuvent dissoudre la colle et contaminer l’échantillon pendant le transport.
REMARQUE : Si l’échantillon contient des COV, le flacon doit être plein (sans espace vide).
**Matériaux NON ACCEPTES pour l’élimination des déchets** – Veuillez contacter le laboratoire pour en discuter avant l’envoi.
### **Remplir les documents nécessaires**
[Formulaire de données Beta ](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Merci de préciser si vos échantillons contiennent des composants volatils.
BETA ne demande aucune information susceptible de violer la confidentialité de votre produit.
---
### **Envoyer les échantillons et documents nécessaires à un bureau Beta Analytic**
Lors de l’envoi au laboratoire de Miami, merci d’indiquer la mention “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valeur de l’envoi : 1 USD
Code de tarif harmonisé (ou code HS) : 280300
Lors de l’envoi d’échantillons directement aux États-Unis, veuillez vous assurer que le transporteur que vous choisissez assume l’entière responsabilité du dédouanement du colis aux douanes américaines. N’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour tout renseignement sur la procédure d’envoi.
**Remarque : Beta n’est pas responsable du dédouanement ou des frais de transport des envois internationaux qui ne passent pas par l’un de nos bureaux d’expédition. Les envois organisés par l’intermédiaire d’un transitaire doivent être envoyés selon les [conditions DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) (Rendu Droits Acquittés). L’expéditeur est responsable de la gestion des exigences administratives pour la mainlevée de l’envoi.**
### FAQs:
## [Beta facture-t-il des frais d’annulation ?](#collapseFive1)
Les analyses sont lancées immédiatement après réception des échantillons afin de garantir au mieux les délais annoncés. Cela signifie que des frais sont également encourus dès la réception des échantillons. Les modifications de commande sont acceptées, mais veuillez noter que des frais partiels ou totaux s’appliqueront en fonction de la quantité de travail réalisé au moment de la demande de modification.
## [Combien d’échantillons faut-il envoyer ?](#collapseFive9)
Beta Analytic n’a pas de nombre minimum d’échantillons requis. Beta Analytic publie un rapport avec un numéro de certificat unique pour chaque échantillon reçu.
Pour la recherche et le développement, une seule mesure suffit. Si vous envoyez des échantillons dans un contexte de certification ou de conformité réglementaire, veuillez consulter les agences gouvernementales concernant le nombre requis d’échantillons avant tout envoi.
## [Que faire si les échantillons contiennent des composants volatils ?](#collapseSix9)
Une analyse précise nécessite de récupérer tout le carbone disponible dans le produit. Si un composant biosourcé est volatil et qu’un composant pétrolier ne l’est pas, la teneur biosourcée mesurée du produit sera trop faible si les volatils ne sont pas récupérés dans la même proportion que les composants pétroliers non volatils. Des procédures spéciales sont facilement appliquées pour manipuler de tels échantillons, mais le laboratoire doit être informé de leur utilisation, par ex. désinfectants pour les mains par évaporation. Notez qu’il est de la seule responsabilité du demandeur de fournir ces informations au laboratoire.
## [Que faire avant d’envoyer des échantillons dangereux ?](#collapseSix)
Il est très important de nous informer avant d’expédier des échantillons dangereux afin que nous puissions vous donner les instructions et l’adresse de livraison appropriées. Les échantillons doivent être expédiés aux États-Unis s’ils sont désignés comme dangereux par l’Association du transport aérien international ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)). **Les substances dangereuses avec les codes de quantités exemptées E1, E2, E4 ou E5 de l’IATA ainsi que les substances correspondant aux groupes d’emballage II et III sont éligibles pour un envoi de minimis**. Pour un envoi de minimis vers notre bureau de Miami, le volume de l’échantillon ne doit pas dépasser 1 mL et l’emballage doit respecter les directives indiquées dans le [Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses"), être suffisamment absorbant en cas de fuite et assez solide pour éviter tout endommagement. Aucun étiquetage spécial n’est requis pour un envoi de minimis. Pour des informations détaillées, veuillez consulter le Règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses de l’IATA.
## [Beta informe-t-il les clients de la date prévue pour la livraison des résultats ?](#collapseNine)
Un représentant Beta Analytic vous contactera pour confirmer l’arrivée de vos échantillons et vous indiquer une date de report des résultats. Délai d’obtention des résultats : le délai commence le jour suivant la réception des échantillons au laboratoire de Miami, hors week-ends.
Les échantillons livrés au laboratoire après 15h00 HNE seront enregistrés dans le système le jour suivant.
## [Une FDS est-elle nécessaire ?](#collapseEight)
Les produits chimiques doivent être accompagnés d’une fiche de données de sécurité SDS/MSDS. Nous devons en avoir une copie dans nos dossiers pour les produits chimiques.
## [Est-ce que Beta retourne des échantillons sur demande ?](#collapseTen)
**[Veuillez consulter notre politique concernant la période de conservation des échantillons et le retour des échantillons.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html)**
[Questions fréquemment posées : analyse de l’origine naturelle vs. synthétique d’un produit par analyse du carbone 14.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/faq.html)
*Dernière mise à jour : novembre 2023*
---
### [Envíe sus muestras para analizar el origen de su producto natural](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/muestras.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Contáctenos en cualquier momento](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Contáctenos en cualquier momento"). Respondemos lo antes posible a todas las consultas en horario de oficina (de 8:00 a. m. a 5:00 p. m. EST, de lunes a viernes).
[Beta Analytic es un laboratorio libre de marcadores artificiales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/laboratorio-libre-de-marcadores.html "Beta Analytic es un laboratorio libre de marcadores artificiales"). Los clientes de Beta Analytic que envíen muestras con Carbono-14 artificial/marcadores serán responsables de los daños y costes de limpieza según nuestros **[términos y condiciones de servicios](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "términos y condiciones de servicios")**.
### **Prepare la cantidad recomendada**
**Materiales que pueden desecharse de forma normal:**
**– Sólidos**
- MÁXIMO: 0,5 a 5 gramos – pieza destinada a la venta o submuestra aplicable
**– Líquidos**
- Químicos, solventes, lubricantes, aceites, líquidos con un alto contenido petroquímico – 1 ml (1 cc) por muestra
- Líquidos sin compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) – 10 ml (10 cc) por muestra
## [Envase recomendado para líquidos](#collapseThree)
Un vial para micromuestras de vidrio de 1-2 mL con tapa de rosca y tabique recubierto de teflón. El frasco solo debería estar lleno de ¼ a ½.
Por favor, utilice viales de plástico o de vidrio como recipientes. Asegúrese de que los frascos tengan tapas a presión o cualquier tipo de cierre hermético que evite las fugas. También puede utilizar los viales disponibles en esta [página web](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "página web"). Envuelva los frascos correctamente para evitar que se rompan durante el envío.
Asegúrese de que los frascos tengan tapones químicamente no reactivos, por ejemplo, un disco de silicona con una o dos caras de teflón. Si utiliza frascos con tapón de rosca de bajo volumen como el vial ámbar que se muestra arriba, asegúrese de que el revestimiento de la tapa no sea reactivo y esté hecho de silicona y teflón o algún otro material químicamente no reactivo. **No utilice viales** con tapas forradas con cartón pegado a la tapa y una capa de aluminio. El lado de cartón está pegado a la tapa. Estos no son adecuados para líquidos volátiles ya que los vapores pueden disolver el pegamento y contaminar la muestra durante el envío.
NOTA: Si la muestra contiene COV, el vial deberá estar lleno (sin espacio libre).
**Materiales NO APROPIADOS para tirarse a la basura** – Por favor contacte al laboratorio para discutir opciones antes del envío.
### **Complete todos los documentos necesarios**
[Formulario de datos de Beta](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Por favor indique si existen componentes volátiles en las muestras que envía.
BETA no necesita información que pueda afectar a la confidencialidad de su producto.
---
### **Envíe sus muestras y documentos a una oficina de Beta Analytic**
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a Miami, por favor incluya la siguiente descripción en la declaración de aduanas: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Valor declarado: 1 USD
Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Cuando envíe sus muestras directamente a los Estados Unidos, por favor asegúrese de que su empresa de mensajería se haga totalmente responsable de liberar el paquete en la aduana estadounidense. No dude en contactarnos si necesita asistencia con el envío.
**Nota: Beta no es responsable de los costos de despacho o transporte de los envíos internacionales que no se realicen a través de una de nuestras oficinas de envío. Los envíos organizados a través de un agente de carga deben enviarse bajo los [términos del DDP](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page). El remitente es responsable de manejar los requisitos administrativos para liberar el envío.**
### Preguntas frecuentes:
## [¿Beta cobra tarifas de cancelación?](#collapseFive1)
Los análisis comienzan inmediatamente después de recibir las muestras para garantizar que cumplimos con la fecha de entrega prometida. Esto significa que los costes del análisis también se inician en cuanto las muestras llegan al laboratorio. Puede solicitar cambios en sus análisis, pero tenga en cuenta que podrían aplicarse costes parciales o totales dependiendo de la fase en la que esté el análisis cuando se solicita el cambio.
## [¿Cuántas muestras debo enviar?](#collapseFive9)
Beta Analytic no requiere un número mínimo de muestras. Entregamos un informe con un número de certificado único para cada muestra.
Para efectos de investigación y desarrollo, una muestra es suficiente. Si envía muestras para efectos de certificación o cumplimiento normativo, por favor consulte con las agencias correspondientes cuál es el número de muestras requerido antes de hacer el envío.
## [¿Qué hacer si las muestras tienen componentes volátiles? ](#collapseSix9)
Un análisis preciso requiere la recuperación de todo el carbono disponible en el producto. Si un componente de base biológica es volátil y un componente de petróleo no lo es, el contenido de base biológica medido para el producto será demasiado bajo si los componentes volátiles no se recuperan en la misma proporción que los componentes de petróleo no volátiles. Es posible aplicar fácilmente procedimientos especiales para manejar dichas muestras, pero es necesario avisar al laboratorio con antelación al enviar este tipo de muestras, por ejemplo, desinfectantes de manos por evaporación. Tenga en cuenta que es responsabilidad exclusiva del remitente proporcionar esta información al laboratorio.
## [¿Qué hacer antes de enviar muestras peligrosas?](#collapseSix)
Es muy importante que se comunique con nosotros antes de enviar muestras peligrosas para que le proporcionemos las instrucciones de envío y la dirección postal correctas. Las muestras deben enviarse a Estados Unidos si están clasificadas como peligrosas por la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Aéreo ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/) por sus siglas en inglés). **Las sustancias peligrosas asignadas a los códigos de cantidades exceptuadas E1, E2, E4 o E5 de la IATA, así como aquéllas en los Grupos de Embalaje II y III, cumplen los requisitos para envíos De Minimis (simplificados)**. Para envíos bajo el régimen De Minimis a nuestra oficina en Miami, el volumen de la muestra no debe exceder de 1 mL, y el embalaje debe cumplir con los lineamientos establecidos en las Regulaciones sobre [Mercancías Peligrosas](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations"), siendo suficientemente absorbente en caso de filtraciones y suficientemente resistente para evitar rupturas. No se requiere un etiquetado especial para envíos De Minimis. Para información detallada, consulte las Regulaciones sobre Mercancías Peligrosas de la IATA.
## [¿Beta informa a sus clientes el tiempo de entrega de los resultados?](#collapseNine)
Un representante de Beta Analytic se pondrá en contacto con usted para confirmar la recepción de las muestras y para indicarle la fecha prevista de la entrega de resultados. El tiempo de entrega indicado empieza a contar al día siguiente de la recepción de las muestras en el laboratorio de Miami, excluyendo los fines de semana.
Las muestras recibidas en el laboratorio después de las 3:00 pm EST, serán registradas en el sistema al día siguiente.
## [¿Beta requiere una ficha de datos de seguridad SDS/MSDS?](#collapseEight)
Los productos químicos deben incluir la ficha SDS/MSDS. Debemos contar con una copia en nuestros registros para todos los productos químicos.
## [¿Beta devuelve muestras bajo solicitud?](#collapseTen)
**Por favor, consulte nuestra política sobre retención y devolución de muestras.**
[Preguntas frecuentes: Análisis de contenido natural vs sintético mediante Carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/faq.html)
*Última actualización de la página: Noviembre de 2023*
---
### [Senden Sie Ihre Proben zur Prüfung des natürlichen Ursprungs](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/proben.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Kontaktieren Sie uns jederzeit"). Wir beantworten Anfragen umgehend während der Geschäftszeiten (8:00–17:00 Uhr, Montag–Freitag).
[Beta Analytic ist ein Tracer-freies Labor](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/tracer-freies-labor.html "Beta Analytic ist ein Tracer-freies Labor"). Kunden von Beta Analytic, die Proben mit künstlichem/markiertem/Tracer-Kohlenstoff-14 einsenden, haften für die Schäden und Reinigungskosten gemäß unseren **[Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen](https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf "Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen")**.
### **Bereiten Sie die empfohlene Probenmenge vor**
**Geeignete Materialien für die Müllentsorgung:**
**– Feststoffe**
- MAXIMUM: 0,5 bis 5 Gramm – Einzelhandelsstück oder repräsentative Teilprobe
**– Flüssigkeiten**
- Chemikalien, Lösungsmittel, Schmiermittel, Öle, Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Anteil an Petrochemikalien – 1 ml (1 cc) je Probe
- Flüssigkeiten ohne flüchtige organische Verbindungen (VOCs) – 10 ml (10 cc) je Probe
## [Empfohlener Behälter für Flüssigkeiten](#collapseThree)
1-2 ml-Mikroproben-Fläschchen aus Glas mit Bördelverschluss und teflonbeschichtetem Septum. Das Fläschchen sollte nur zu ¼ – ½ voll sein.
Bitte verwenden Sie als Probenbehälter Plastik- oder Glasfläschchen. Stellen Sie sicher, dass die Fläschchen Schnappverschlüsse oder einen festen Verschluss haben, der ein Auslaufen verhindert. Sie können auch Fläschchen verwenden, die Sie auf [dieser Seite](https://www.thermofisher.com/ph/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html "Sun SRI Site") finden. Verpacken Sie die Fläschchen ordnungsgemäß, um ein Zerbrechen während des Transports zu vermeiden.
Bitte achten Sie darauf, dass die Fläschchen chemisch nicht reaktive Verschlüsse haben, z.B. aus einer Silikonscheibe mit einer oder zwei Teflonflächen. Wenn Sie kleinvolumige Schraubverschlussfläschchen verwenden, wie das obige braune verwenden, stellen Sie sicher, dass sie eine nicht reaktive Kappenauskleidung aus Silikon und Teflon oder einem anderen chemisch nicht reaktiven Material nutzen. Verwenden Sie keine Durchstechflaschen, deren Kappen mit einem Stück Pappe ausgekleidet sind, das auf einer Seite mit Aluminiumfolie bedeckt ist. Die Kartonseite wird mit der Kappe verklebt. Diese sind nicht für flüchtige Flüssigkeiten geeignet, da die Dämpfe den Klebstoff auflösen und die Probe während des Transports kontaminieren können.
HINWEIS: Wenn die Probe VOCs enthält, sollte das Fläschchen voll sein (kein Kopfraum).
**Materialien, die NICHT GEEIGNET für die Müllentsorgung** – sind – Bitte kontaktieren Sie unser Labor für eine Diskussion vor der Einreichung.
### **Füllen Sie alle benötigten Dokumente aus**
[Beta Datenblatt](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/)
Bitte weisen Sie uns bitte darauf hin, ob die Proben flüchtige Komponenten enthalten.
BETA benötigt keine Informationen, die die Vertraulichkeit Ihres Produkts verletzen könnten.
---
### **Senden Sie die Proben und Dokumente an eine Beta Analytic Einrichtung**
Wenn Sie direkt nach Miami senden, verwenden Sie bitte diese Deklaration für die Zolldeklaration: “Carbon NCM Number 2803.00 – for scientific study – to be destroyed entirely during the analysis – no commercial value.”
Zoll- und Frachtwert: 1 USD
Harmonisierte Tarifnummer (HS-Code) – 280300
Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass das von Ihnen gewählte Versandunternehmen die volle Verantwortung für die Abfertigung des Pakets beim US-Zoll übernimmt, wenn Sie Proben direkt in die USA senden. Für eine Versandberatung können Sie sich gerne an uns wenden.
**Hinweis: Beta ist nicht verantwortlich für die Abfertigungs- oder Transportkosten von internationalen Sendungen, die nicht über eines unserer Speditionsbüros versandt werden. Sendungen, die über eine Spedition arrangiert werden, müssen gemäß den [DDP-Bedingungen](https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/glossary-term/delivered-duty-paid.page) versendet werden. Der Versender ist für die Abwicklung der administrativen Anforderungen zur Freigabe der Sendung verantwortlich.**
### FAQ:
## [Erhebt Beta Stornogebühren?](#collapseFive1)
Die Analyse beginnt sofort nach Erhalt der Proben, um bestmöglich sicherzustellen, dass der zugesagte Liefertermin eingehalten wird. Daher fallen auch sofort nach Erhalt der Probe Kosten an. Kunden können Ihre Aufträge gerne abändern, müssen sich jedoch im Klaren darüber sein, dass Teil- oder Gesamtgebühren in Rechnung gestellt werden, basierend auf der bereits geleisteten Arbeit zum Zeitpunkt der Anfrage auf Abänderung.
## [Wie viele Proben sollten gesendet werden?](#collapseFive9)
Beta Analytic benötigt keine Mindestanzahl von Proben. Wir erstellen für jede Probe einen Bericht mit einer eindeutigen Zertifikatsnummer.
Für Forschung und Entwicklung ist eine Messung ausreichend. Wenn Sie Muster zur Zertifizierung oder zur Einhaltung gesetzlicher Vorschriften einreichen, wenden Sie sich vor dem Einsenden an die zuständigen Behörden bezüglich der erforderlichen Anzahl von Testmustern.
## [Was tun, wenn Proben flüchtige Bestandteile enthalten?](#collapseSix9)
Eine genaue Analyse erfordert die Rückgewinnung des gesamten verfügbaren Kohlenstoffs im Produkt. Wenn eine biobasierte Komponente flüchtig ist und eine Erdölkomponente nicht, ist der gemessene biobasierte Gehalt für das Produkt zu niedrig, wenn die flüchtigen Stoffe nicht im gleichen Verhältnis wie die nichtflüchtigen Erdölkomponenten zurückgewonnen werden. Zur Handhabung solcher Proben werden ohne weiteres spezielle Verfahren angewendet, aber das Labor muss sich der Notwendigkeit bewusst sein, z.B Verdunstungs-Handedesinfektionsmittel. Beachten Sie, dass es in der alleinigen Verantwortung des Einsenders liegt, dem Labor diese Informationen zur Verfügung zu stellen.
## [Was ist vor dem Einsenden gefährlicher Proben zu beachten?](#collapseSix)
s ist sehr wichtig, uns vor dem Versand gefährlicher Proben zu informieren, damit wir Ihnen die richtigen Anweisungen und die Lieferadresse geben können. Proben müssen in die USA versandt werden, wenn sie von der International Air Transport Association ([IATA](https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/)) als gefährlich eingestuft werden. **Gefährliche Stoffe, mit den IATA Freimengen-Codes E1, E2, E4 oder E5 und den Verpackungsgruppen II und III sind für einen De-Minimis Versand geeignet.** Um sie als De-Minimis an unser Büro in Miami zu senden, darf das Probenvolumen 1 ml nicht überschreiten und die Verpackung muss den Richtlinien der [Dangerous Goods](https://www.fedex.com/en-ca/shipping-services/service-options/dangerous-goods.html "Dangerous Goods Regulations") entsprechen, im Falle einer Beschädigung ausreichend saugfähig und robust genug sein, um einen Bruch zu verhindern. Für den De-Minimis-Versand ist keine besondere Kennzeichnung erforderlich. Detaillierte Informationen finden Sie in den IATA-Gefahrgutvorschriften.
## [Wird Beta Kunden informieren, wann die Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind?](#collapseNine)
Sobald wir Ihre Proben in Miami erhalten haben, werden wir Sie umgehend kontaktieren und Sie über den sicheren Empfang der Proben informieren und ebenfalls ein erwartetes Lieferdatum für die Ergebnisse angeben. Unsere angegebenen Bearbeitungszeiten beginnen einen Tag nach Erhalt in unserem Labor in Miami, ausgeschlossen sind Wochenenden.
Nach 15 Uhr EST werden die Proben am folgenden Tag im System angemeldet.
## [Benötigt Beta ein SDS/MSDS?](#collapseEight)
Chemikalien müssen ein SDS/MSDS enthalten. Wir müssen eine Kopie in den Akten haben.
## [Kann Beta auf Anfrage Proben zurücksenden?](#collapseTen)
**Bitte lesen Sie hier unsere Richtlinien zur Probenrücksendung und Aufbewahrung.**
[Häufig gestellte Fragen: Prüfung des natürlichen und des synthetischen Anteils mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/faq.html)
*Letzte Aktualisierung der Seite: November 2023*
---
### [Submission Guidelines for Natural Ingredients Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/samples.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Submission Guidelines for Natural Ingredients Testing
1
## Prepare the required sample size and containers
US$500 per sample disposal fee will be charged for excess chemicals and liquids with high petrochemical content. **DO NOT send more than we require.**
SAMPLE TYPE
Liquids with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g. essential oils
Liquids with NO VOCs and have at least 10% carbon content
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL
1 mL / 1 cc
(vial full, no headspace)
0.25 to 0.5 mL / 0.25 to 0.5 cc (vial ¼ – ½ full)
REQUIRED CONTAINER
**1-2 mL** glass micro-sample vial with a crimp top that has a Teflon-lined septum
Alternative: Screw-top vials with Teflon-lined septum lids
Other liquids
10 mL / 10 cc
(vial half full)
**20 mL** glass vial with non-reactive cap liner made from silicone and teflon or some other chemically non-reactive material
Retail piece or applicable sub-sample,
e.g. turmeric powder, vitamins
0.5 to 5 grams (MAX)
Please refer to this [FAQ page](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html) for more information on our required containers for liquids with or without VOCs. You can also see examples [here](https://www.thermofisher.com/pe/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html).
---
### REMINDERS:
**SDS Required** – Chemicals must include SDS/MSDS. Email a copy to your SGS Beta account manager or upload it to your online form.
**Packing materials for vials** – You may use coarse-grade vermiculite or other materials with paper-based filling. DO NOT USE vermiculite powder.
**Packaging** – Please send vials in sturdy boxes to protect them from breakage while in transit.
[SGS Beta doesn’t accept samples with artificial isotopes](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/). SGS Beta clients who submit samples with artificial/labeled/tracer Carbon-14 will be liable for the damage and clean-up costs as per our [Terms and Conditions of Services](https://betalabservices-1bfd8.kxcdn.com/tc.pdf).
2
## Select a turnaround time then submit a form
#### How fast do you need the results?
**Standard Service** – results are reported in 7 business days or less
**Priority Service** – 4 business days or less
#### Fill out the correct submission form
Use our [“Natural Ingredients”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=en_US) form.
Let us know if your samples have volatile components or carbonates. Discussion must be pursued prior to analysis to ensure accurate results.
3
## Ship samples to the US or to one of our forwarding offices
[See here our complete address and list of forwarding offices (UK, Europe, China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan)](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses)
Please select a shipping company that will take full responsibility to clear your parcel with US customs. SGS Beta is not responsible for the clearance or transportation costs of international shipments not sent through one of our forwarding offices.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
Expect an email from SGS Beta confirming the safe arrival of your samples in Miami and the date your results will be ready. SGS Beta’s quoted turnaround time starts following the day your samples are received in Miami, excluding weekends.
If your samples arrive in the lab after our 3:00 PM EST cut-off time, they will be logged the next business day.
Please read our FAQ page for more information, e.g. de [minimis shipping](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) and [customs declaration](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for natural vs synthetic testing of various raw materials, intermediates and finished products.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: December 2025
---
### [Ready to submit CO2 gas for biogenic content testing?](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Submitting CO2 gas for biogenic content testing
1
## Collect the required volume of gas in these containers
Sample Volume & Containers Required
Gas Bag
Use New 1-Liter Gas Bags
For samples with at least 1% CO2 content, send 5-10 cc CO2 gas per sample (gas bag should be ¾ full maximum). Do not reuse bags that contain other gases.
For samples with less than 1% CO2 content, [please contact us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html).
Vacutainers
Send 10 cc of CO2, filled to 1 atm by using a syringe needle fitting
Sampling Guidelines
ASTM D6866 testing – use [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html)
ISO 13833 testing – use ISO 13096 or EN 15259
We also recommend that you keep a duplicate sample in the event of a leakage. Collect two of the exact same sample and submit one to us. Save the other sample until the lab has confirmed receipt in Miami.
Packaging
Place samples in a sturdy box.
[SGS Beta doesn’t accept samples with artificial isotopes.](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/)
2
## Submit your sample data
#### SGS Beta’s services for CO2 gas submitters
**Standard Service** – results are reported in 7 business days or less
**Priority Service** – 4 business days or less
#### Submit the correct submission form
Use our [“CO2 Emissions & Waste Fuels form”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=en_US) form.
3
## Send the samples to SGS Beta in Miami or to a forwarding office
[Our Miami address and forwarding](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses) offices in the UK, Europe, China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan
We are not responsible for the clearance or transportation costs of international shipments not sent through one of our [our forwarding offices](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html#ShippingAddresses). The shipper is responsible for handling the administrative requirements to release the shipment.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
You will receive an email from SGS Beta confirming receipt of your samples in Miami and when your results will be reported. The quoted turnaround time starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends. Samples delivered after our cut-off time (3:00 PM EST) will be logged on the next business day.
Please read our FAQ page for more information, e.g [emissions testing frequency](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#gases), [customs declaration](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen17)
REQUEST PRICING
#### SGS Beta offers standard and priority services for biogenic carbon testing of CO2 emissions.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: December 2025
---
### [Ready to submit biofuel samples for biogenic content testing?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/sample-shipping.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Sending biofuel samples for biogenic content testing
1
## Prepare the required volume in suitable containers
**Please DO NOT send more than we require.** Samples in excess of the maximum allowable volume will NOT be analyzed and the disposal of the sample will be at the client’s cost (US$500 per sample disposal fee).
The following guidelines apply to biofuels and liquids with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) e.g. chemicals, solvents, lubricants, oils, and liquids with high petrochemical carbon content.
Maximum Allowable Sample Volume
Sampling
1 mL (1 cc) per sample
Unless otherwise instructed, we will subsample the submitted material in a quantity reasonable for the analytical method.
Is SDS/MSDS required?
Packing Materials
Packaging
Required Container
Yes
Please DO NOT use vermiculite powder. You may use coarse-grade vermiculite or other materials with paper-based filling
Please send samples in sturdy boxes to protect the vials from being crushed during shipment.
**1-2 mL** glass micro-sample vial with a crimp top that has a Teflon-lined septum. See example [here](https://www.thermofisher.com/pe/en/home/industrial/chromatography/chromatography-consumables/autosampler-vials-caps-hplc-gc.html).
Alternative: Screw-top vials with Teflon-lined septum lids
Vial should have no headspace ([do not inject the sample through the vial cap](https://www.betalabservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/SGS-Beta-Biofuels-Recommended-Containers.png)).
[SGS Beta doesn’t accept samples with artificial isotopes](https://www.betalabservices.com/tracer-free-lab/).
2
## Submit an online form
#### Select a turnaround time
**Standard Service** – results are reported in 7 business days or less
**Priority Service** – 4 business days or less
#### Choose the correct submission form
Use our [“Biofuels, Lubricants and Liquids with High Petrochemical Content”](https://myportal.betalabservices.com/s/login/?language=en_US) form.
3
## Use the following customs declaration when shipping samples to Miami
Samples need to be shipped directly to the lab in Miami because Beta’s international forwarding offices are not equipped to handle biofuels. Please send to:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155, USA
To prevent shipping clearance delays, please use our recommended customs declaration – “Biofuel samples for scientific analysis – NO COMMERCIAL VALUE – Destroyed during analysis”. Customs and carriage value: 1 USD Harmonized Tariff Number (HS code) – 280300
Send your samples under the guidelines of [“De Minimis Shipping”](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html#collapseFourteen16) and email us the courier and tracking number.
Please make sure that the shipping company you choose takes full responsibility to clear the package with US customs when sending samples directly to Miami, Florida.
Note: SGS Beta does not cover import customs fees, duties, or taxes for client shipments. These charges are the sole responsibility of the client. For any customs fees charged to SGS Beta’s account, the client will be invoiced a $50 handling fee. The custom fees will be passed on to the client in addition to the handling fee. SGS Beta will not process any claims on behalf of the client with the courier in relation to the fees.
To avoid unexpected charges or delays, we recommend using DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping whenever possible, so that all customs fees are prepaid by the shipper.
An SGS Beta representative will email you to confirm the safe arrival of your samples in Miami and to quote the results delivery date. Our quoted turnaround time starts following the day we receive your samples in Miami, excluding weekends. Samples delivered after the 3:00 PM EST cut-off time will be logged the following business day.
For more information, please read our [FAQ page](https://www.betalabservices.com/faq.html)
REQUEST PRICING
#### We offer standard and priority services for biogenic carbon testing.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Page last updated: December 2025
---
### [ISO 19984 - ゴムのバイオベース濃度試験](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 はゴムおよびゴム製品のバイオべース濃度に関する規格です。
- SGS Beta はISO 19984-2に準拠した精度・確度の高いバイオベース炭素濃度試験結果を迅速にお知らせいたします。
- [お見積りはこちらから](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta は International Organization for Standardization (ISO) とは提携していません。
---
## ゴムのISO 19984 規格
ISOは、ゴムおよびポリウレタンを含むゴム製品におけるバイオベース濃度に関する規格を発行しました。
それらは、
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (ゴムおよびゴム製品 — バイオベース濃度の決定 — Part 1: 一般原則と配合表を用いての計算方法)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (ゴムおよびゴム製品 – バイオベース濃度の決定 — Part 2: バイオベース炭素濃度)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (ゴムおよびゴム製品 – バイオベース濃度の決定 — Part 3: バイオベース質量比率の決定)
これらのISO 規格はバイオベース成分もしくは化石起源成分でできているゴムまたはゴム製品のみに適用可能です。 ISO 19984 は技術委員会ISO/TC 45, Subcommittee SC 2で制定されました。
---
[あなたの製品のバイオベース度は? 証明しましょう!](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased.html)
---
## SGS Betaの高品質なISO 19984-2 試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定の SGS Beta は、ISO 19984-2に規定されたバイオベース濃度試験をご提供いたします。 SGS Beta では加速器質量分析(AMS)によってゴムおよびゴム製品のバイオベース炭素濃度試験を行います。
SGS Beta は通常5-7営業日で結果をご報告いたします。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 併せて技術的なご相談、品質管理レポートもご提供します。
日本語、英語、中国語、フランス語、ドイツ語、イタリア語、韓国語、ポルトガル語、スペイン語、トルコ語によるカスタマーサービスが可能です。
---
最終更新：2025年 6月
---
### [ISO 19984 - 고무 제품의 바이오 매스 함량 측정 실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 은 방사성탄소 분석 기법을 이용하여 고무와 고무 제품의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정합니다.
- SGS Beta ISO 19984-2 규정에 따라 빠르고 정확한 바이오 매스 함량 측정 실험을 제공합니다.
- [견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta 국제표준화기구 (International Organization for Standardization (ISO))과 직접 연관성이 없는 독자적인 측정 연구소입니다.
---
## 고무 제품을 위한 ISO 표준 방식 19984
ISO는 폴리우레탄을 포함한 고무 및 고무 제품의 바이오기반 탄소 함량에 관항 여러가지 표준방식을 발표해오고 있다.
발표된 표준 방식은 다음과 같습니다:
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (고무와 고무제품 — 바이오매스 함량 측정 — Part 1: 기본 원리와 공식을 이용한 계산 방법)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (고무와 고무제품 — 바이오매스 함량 측정 — Part 2: 바이오매스 탄소 함량)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (고무와 고무제품 — 바이오매스 함량 측정 — Part 3: 바이오매스 함량)
이런 ISO의 표준 방식들은 바이오 매스나 화석 연료로 만들어진 고무나 고무 제품들에만 적용됩니다. ISO 19984은 Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Subcommittee SC 2에서 만들었습니다.
---
[바이오매스 상품인가요? 증명해 보세요!](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased.html)
---
## SGS Beta 연구소의 고품격 ISO 19984-2 실험 서비스
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 업체인 SGS Beta ISO 19984-2에 명시된 바이오 함량 측정 서비스를 제공합니다. 본 연구소는 최신 기기인 가속질량분석기 (accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS))을 사용하여 측정하며, 일반적으로 5-7 영업일 이내에 기술적 설명을 포함한 실험 보고서를 온라인으로 받으실 수 있습니다.
특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 한국어 대고객 서비스는 물론 영어, 중국어, 프랑스어, 독일어, 이태리어, 일본어, 포르투기어 스페인어, 터키어로도 가능합니다.
---
최신 업데이트 : 2025년 6월
---
### [ISO 19984 - Teste de conteúdo de base biológica da Borracha](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 mede o conteúdo de carbono de base biológica de produtos de borracha e de borracha através da análise de radiocarbono.
- SGS Beta fornece testes de base biológica rápida e precisa em conformidade com as especificações da norma ISO 19984-2.
- [Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta não é afiliado com a Organização Internacional de Normalização (ISO).
---
## Norma ISO 19984 para Borracha
O ISO publicou uma série de normas voltadas para o conteúdo de carbono de base biológica em borracha e produtos de borracha, inclusive poliuretanos. As normas publicadas são:
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (Borracha e produtos de borracha – Determinação do conteúdo de base biológica – Parte 1: Princípios gerais e métodos de cálculo utilizando formulação)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (Borracha e produtos de borracha- Determinação do conteúdo de base biológica – Parte 2: teor de carbono de base biológica)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (Borracha e produtos de borracha – Determinação do conteúdo de base biológica – Parte 3: conteúdo em massa de base biológica)
Estas normas ISO só são aplicáveis a produtos de borracha e de borracha produtos que são feitos a partir de componentes de base biológica ou baseada em fósseis. O ISO 19984 foi desenvolvido pelo Comitê Técnico ISO / TC 45, Subcomitê SC 2.
---
[VOCÊ ESTÁ USANDO COMBUSTÍVEIS NEUTROS DE CARBONO? PROVE!](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica.html)
---
## Testes ISO 19984-2 de Alta qualidade do SGS Beta
SGS Beta, credenciado pela ISO / IEC 17025: 2017 fornece testes de conteúdo de base biológica, tal como descrito pela norma ISO 19984-2. O laboratório usa o acelerador de espectrometria de massa (AMS em inglês) para determinar o teor de carbono de base biológica de produtos de borracha e de borracha.
O SGS Beta rotineiramente divulga os resultados em 5-7 dias úteis com relatórios on-line, consulta técnica e relatórios de garantia de qualidade inclusos. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis.
Atendimento ao cliente está disponível em Inglês, Chinês, Francês, Alemão, Italiano, Japonês, Coreano, Português, e Espanhol.
---
Última atualização: junho de 2025
---
### [ISO 19984 - Analisi del contenuto biobased della gomma](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 misura il carbonio biobased presente nella gomma e nei prodotti composti da gomma, attraverso l’analisi al radiocarbonio.
- SGS Beta Analytic effettua analisi biobased rapide e accurate secondo le specifiche di ISO 19984-2.
- [Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta non è affiliata con l’International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
---
## Standard ISO 19984 per la gomma
L’ISO ha pubblicato una serie di standard relativi al contenuto biobased della gomma e dei prodotti in gomma, inclusi i poliuretani.
Gli standard pubblicati finora sono:
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (Gomma e prodotti in gomma — Determinazione del contenuto biobased — Parte 1: Principi generali e metodi di calcolo utilizzando la formulazione)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (Gomma e prodotti in gomma — Determinazione del contenuto biobased — Parte 2: Contenuto di carbonio biobased)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (Gomma e prodotti in gomma — Determinazione del contenuto biobased — Parte 3: Contenuto biobased in massa)
Questi standard ISO sono applicabili solo alla gomma e ai prodotti composti da gomma costituiti da materie prime biobased o fossili. ISO 19984 è stato sviluppato dal Comitato Tecnico ISO/TC 45, Sottocomitato SC 2.
---
[I vostri prodotti sono biobased? Provatelo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html)
---
## Le analisi ISO 19984-2 di alta qualità di SGS Beta
SGS Beta, un laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, effettua analisi del contenuto biobased secondo la procedura descritta in ISO 19984-2. Il laboratorio usa la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS) per misurare il carbonio biobased presente nella gomma e nei prodotti composti da gomma.
SGS Beta consegna regolarmente i risultati in 5-7 giorni lavorativi e offre un servizio completo che include accesso ai risultati online, assistenza tecnica e report di garanzia di qualità. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi.
Il servizio clienti è disponibile in inglese, cinese, francese, giapponese, tedesco, italiano, coreano, portoghese, e spagnolo.
---
Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2025
---
### [ISO 19984 - Analyse de contenu biosourcé des élastomères](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- La norme ISO 19984-2:2025 mesure le contenu en carbone biosourcé des élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères au moyen de la mesure du radiocarbone.
- SGS Beta fournit des résulats d’analyse de contenu biosourcé rapides et exacts conformément aux spécifications de la norme ISO 19984-2.
- [Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta n’est pas affilié à l’organisation ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation).
---
## Norme ISO 19984 pour les élastomères
L’organisation ISO a publié une série de normes axées sur la teneur en carbone biosourcé du caoutchouc et des produits en caoutchouc, dont les polyuréthanes.
Les normes publiées sont les suivantes :
ISO 19984-1 Élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères — Détermination de la teneur en composés biosourcés — Partie 1 : Principes généraux et méthodes de calcul en utilisant la formulation
ISO 19984-2 Élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères — Détermination de la teneur en composés biosourcés — Partie 2 : Teneur en carbone biosourcé
ISO 19984-3 Élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères — Détermination de la teneur en composés biosourcés — Partie 3 : Teneur en masse biosourcée
Ces normes ISO s’appliquent uniquement aux élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères issus de composants biosourcés ou de ressources fossiles. La norme ISO 19984 a été élaborée par le Comité Technique de l’ISO ISO/TC 45 Sous-comité 2.
---
[Votre produit est biosourcé? Prouvez-le!](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources.html)
---
## Analyses de haute qualité selon la norme ISO 19984-2 fournies par SGS Beta
Le laboratoire SGS Beta accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 fournit des analyses de contenu biosourcé conformément à la norme ISO 19984-2. Le laboratoire utilise la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS) pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biosourcé des élastomères et produits à base d’élastomères.
SGS Beta livre habituellement les résultats en 5 à 7 jours ouvrés sur un compte en ligne, et les tarifs incluent également une consultation technique ainsi qu’un rapport d’assurance qualité. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible.
Le service clientèle est disponible en anglais, chinois, français, italien, japonais, allemand, coréen, portugais, et espagnol.
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Dernière mise à jour de la page: juin 2025
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### [ISO 19984 – Análisis de contenido biogénico para goma](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 mide el contenido de carbono de origen biológico en caucho y productos de goma
- SGS Beta proporciona análisis rápidos y precisos de acuerdo a las especificaciones de la norma ISO 19984-2.
- [Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta no está afiliada a la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO).
---
## Norma ISO 19984 para caucho
ISO ha publicado una serie de normas centradas en el contenido de cabono de origen biológico de goma y productos de goma, entre ellos los poliuretanos. Los estándares publicados son:
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (Goma y productos de goma – Determinación del contenido biogénico — Parte 1: Principios generales y métodos de cálculo que utilizan formulación)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (Goma y productos de goma – Determinación del contenido biogénico — Parte 2: Contenido de carbono de origen biológico)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (Goma y productos de goma – Determinación del contenido biogénico — Parte 3: Contenido de masa de origen biológico)
Estas normas ISO son solo aplicables a la goma y los productos de goma fabricados a partir de constituyentes de origen fósil o biológico. La norma ISO 19984 fue desarrollada por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 45, Subcomité SC 2.
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[¿Su producto es de base biológica? ¡Compruébelo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica.html)
---
## Análisis de alta calidad para ISO 19984-2 de SGS Beta
SGS Beta, laboratorio certificado con la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, proporciona análisis del contenido biogénico tal y como se describe en la norma ISO 19984-2. El laboratorio utiliza espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS) para determinar el contenido de carbono de origen biológico de la goma y en productos de goma.
SGS Beta ofrece sus resultados de manera rutinaria en 5-7 días laborables y éstos incluyen informes online, asesoramiento técnico, e informes de garantía de calidad. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos.
El servicio de atención al cliente está disponible en inglés, chino, francés, alemán, italiano, japonés, coreano, portugués, y español.
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Última actualización de la pagina: Junio de 2025
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### [ISO 19984 - Messung des biobasierten Anteils von Gummi](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/iso-19984.html)
**Published:** September 29, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 19984-2:2025 bestimmt den biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteil in Gummi und Gummiprodukten mittels der Radiokarbon-Analyse.
- SGS Beta bietet schnelle und akkurate biobasierte Tests gemäß den ISO 19984-2 Vorschriften.
- [Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
---
SGS Beta ist nicht mit der Internationalen Organisation für Normung (ISO) affiliiert.
---
## ISO Norm 19984 für Gummi
ISO hat eine Reihe von Normen veröffentlicht, die sich auf den biobasierten Kohlenstoff-Anteil von Gummi, Gummiprodukten und Polyurethane beziehen. Folgende Normen wurden veröffentlicht:
ISO 19984-1 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using formulation (Gummi und Gummiprodukte – Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils – Teil 1: Generelle Prinzipien und Berechnungsmethoden mittels Ansatz)
ISO 19984-2 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 2: Biobased carbon content (Gummi und Gummiprodukte – Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils – Teil 2: Biobasierter Kohlenstoffanteil)
ISO 19984-3 Rubber and rubber products — Determination of biobased content — Part 3: Biobased mass content (Gummi und Gummiprodukte – Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils – Teil 3: Biobasierter Masseanteil)
Diese ISO-Normen sind ausschließlich auf Gummi und Gummiprodukte anwendbar, die aus biobasierten oder fossilen Bestandteilen hergestellt wurden. ISO 19984 wurde entwickelt von dem Technischen Komitee ISO/TC 45, Subkomitee SC 2.
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[Ist Ihr Produkt biobasiert? Beweisen Sie es!](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend.html)
---
## SGS Beta hochqualitative ISO 19984-2 Untersuchungen
Das ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditierte SGS Beta Labor bietet Analysen des biobasierten Gehalts gemäß ISO 19984-2. Das Labor verwendet Beschleunigermassenspektrometrie (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, kurz AMS) zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Kohlenstoff-Anteils in Gummi und Gummi-Produkten.
SGS Beta berichtet Ergebnisse üblicherweise innerhalb von 5–7 Werktagen, einschließlich Online-Berichterstattung, technischer Beratung und Qualitätssicherheits-Bericht. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an.
Unser Kundenservice steht Ihnen auf Englisch, Chinesisch, Französisch, Italienisch, Japanisch, Deutsch, Koreanisch, Portugiesisch, und Spanisch zur Verfügung.
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Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juni 2025
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### [ISO 13833 – 바이오 매스 이산화탄소 대 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 비율 측정 방식](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ISO 13833:2013 은 방사성탄소 분석 기법을 이용해 굴뚝에서 배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석연료 이산화탄소의 비율을 측정하는 방식입니다.
- ISO 13833 은 2013년 3월에 발표되었습니다.
- Beta 연구소는 ISO 13833에 명시된 대로 방사성탄소 측정 서비스를 제공합니다.
- [견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")
*Beta 연구소는 International Organization for Standardization (ISO)와 아무 연관이 없는 독립된 연구소입니다.*
ISO 13833은 탄소 거래 제도에서 정확하고 믿을 수 있는 데이터의 필요성에 따라 개발되었습니다.
방사성탄소 기법에 기초한 이 테스트 방법은 굴뚝에서 배출되는 가스의 전체 이산화탄소 중에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 함량을 %로 측정하는 방식입니다. 이 방법은 1시간에서 최장 1달 동안 수집된 샘플에 대한 자세한 내용을 보여줍니다. 이 방법에서는 이산화탄소를 기체 상태, 흡수된 액체 상태로, 또는 알칼리에 녹아있는 고체 상태로 채집할 수 있습니다.
## ISO 13833:2013 실험
이 실험 기준 하에서 이산화탄소는 가스 형태, 액체 형태, 고체 형태로 수집할 수 있으며, 1시간에서 1 달 동안 샘플링 형태에 따라 가능합니다.
최저 적용 범위는 전체 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소의 비율이 0.02이며, 실제 사용되는 범위는 0.02에서 1입니다.
ISO 13833 초안은 CEN Technical Committee CEN/TC 264, Air quality, under the Vienna Agreement의 협조 하에 Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1, Stationary source emissions에서 준비했습니다. ,
*최근 업데이트 날짜: March 22, 2013*
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### [ISO 13833: Medir a proporção entre CO2 biogênico e CO2 derivado de combustíveis fósseis](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- A norma **ISO 13833:2013** determina a relação entre o dióxido de carbono derivado de biomassa e o derivado de combustíveis fósseis nas emissões de fontes estacionárias.
- A norma **ISO 13833** foi publicada em março de 2013.
- Beta Analytic provides radiocarbon measurements as described in ISO 13833.
- [Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
*Beta Analytic não é afiliado com a Organização Internacional de Normalização (ISO em inglês)*
A ISO 13833 foi desenvolvida para atender a necessidade de dados comerciais confiáveis e precisos para a comercialização de emissões de carbono.
Esta norma, com base no método de radiocarbono, prevê especificamente estratégias e métodos de amostragem para a determinação das frações de dióxido de carbono (CO2) derivado de combustíveis fósseis e de biomassa no CO2 emitido totalmente nos gases de exaustão de fontes estacionárias.
## Análise para ISO 13833:2013
Conforme à norma, as amostras de CO2 podem ser recolhidas sob a forma de gás ou absorvidas em meios alcalinos sólidos ou líquidos. Esta norma também apresenta estratégias de amostragem integrada por períodos de 1 hora a 1 mês.
O limite mais baixo de aplicação é uma fracção de CO2 biogénico 0,02 em relação ao CO2 total. A gama funcional é uma percentagem de CO2 biogénico de 0,02-1,0 em relação ao total de CO2.
A ISO 13833 foi preparada pela Comitê Técnico ISO/TC 146, Qualidade do Ar, Subcomitê SC 1, Emissões de fontes estacionárias, em colaboração com o Comité Técnico do CEN, CEN /TC 264, Qualidade do ar, nos termos do Acordo Viena.
*Última atualizaçao: 22 de Março, 2013*
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### [ISO 13833 – Misurare il rapporto tra CO2 biogenica e fossile](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **ISO 13833:2013** determina, attraverso la datazione al carbonio, il rapporto tra anidride carbonica biogenica e fossile nelle emissioni da fonte stazionaria.
- **ISO 13833** è stato pubblicato a marzo 2013.
- Beta Analytic effettua misurazioni al radiocarbonio come descritto in ISO 13833.
- [Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
*Beta Analytic non è affiliata con la International Organization for Standardisation (ISO).*
ISO 13833 è stato sviluppato in risposta alla necessità di dati accurati e affidabili per il mercato delle emissioni di carbonio.
Questo standard, che si basa sul metodo del radiocarbonio, delinea le strategie di campionamento e i metodi per la determinazione della frazione di anidride carbonica (CO2) derivata da biomassa e derivata da combustibili fossili nella CO2 totale presente nei gas di scarico di fonti stazionarie.
## Analisi ISO 13833:2013
Sotto questo standard, i campioni di CO2 possono essere raccolti sotto forma di gas oppure assorbiti in un materiale alcalino solido o liquido. Presenta strategie di campionamento integrato per periodi di durata compresa tra un’ora e un mese.
Il limite inferiore di applicazione è il 2% di CO2 biogenica sulla CO2 totale. L’intervallo operativo è compreso tra il 2 e il 100% di CO2 biogenica sulla CO2 totale.
ISO 13833 è stato preparato dalla Commissione Tecnica ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Sottocommissione SC 1, Stationary source emissions, in collaborazione con la Commissione Tecnica CEN CEN/TC 264, Air quality, come stabilito dalla Convezione di Vienna.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: 22 marzo 2013*
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### [ISO 13833 – Mesure du ratio du CO2 d’origine biogène par rapport au CO2 d’origine fossile](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- La norme **ISO 13833:2013** permet de déterminer le ratio du dioxyde de carbone dérivé de la biomasse par rapport au dioxyde de carbone d’origine fossile à partir d’émissions de sources fixes à l’aide de l’analyse au radiocarbone.
- La norme **ISO 13833** a été publiée en mars 2013.
- Beta Analytic fournit des mesures au radiocarbone selon les critères de la norme ISO 13833.
- [Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
*Beta Analytic n’est pas affilié à l’Organisation internationale de normalisation (International Organization for Standardization – ISO).*
La norme ISO 13833 a été élaborée pour répondre aux besoins de données précises et fiables dans le cadre de l’échange de quotas d’émission.
Cette norme, qui repose sur la méthode au radiocarbone, spécifie des méthodes et stratégies d’échantillonnage pour déterminer les fractions de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) dérivé de la biomasse et d’origine fossile dans le CO2 total des émissions gazeuses des sources fixes.
## Test ISO 13833:2013
Selon cette norme, les échantillons de CO2 peuvent être collectés sous la forme de gaz ou absorbés en milieu alcalin solide ou liquide. Cette norme présente des stratégies pour un échantillonnage intégré pendant des périodes allant d’une heure à un mois.
La limite inférieure d’application correspond à une fraction de CO2 biogène par rapport au CO2 total de 0,02. Le champ d’application correspond à une fraction de CO2 biogène par rapport au CO2 total de 0,02 à 1.
La norme ISO 13833 a été préparée par le Comité Technique (Technical Commitee) ISO/TC 146 – Qualité de l’air et le Sous-Comité SC 1 – Émissions de sources fixes, en collaboration avec le Comité Technique du CEN CEN/TC 264 – Qualité de l’air selon l’Arrangement de Vienne.
*Dernière mise à jour : 22 mars 2013*
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### [ISO 13833: Midiendo la relación entre el CO2 biogénico y el derivado de combustibles fósiles](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- La norma **ISO 13833:2013** determina la relación entre el dióxido de carbono derivado de biomasa y el derivado de combustibles fósiles en emisiones de fuentes estacionarias.
- La norma **ISO 13833** se publicó en marzo de 2013.
- Beta Analytic proporciona mediciones de radiocarbono según la norma ISO 13833.
- [Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
*Beta Analytic no está afiliada con la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO en inglés)*
ISO 13833 se desarrolló para satisfacer la necesidad de datos confiables y precisos para la comercialización de emisiones de carbono.
Esta norma, basada en el método del radiocarbono, proporciona específicamente estrategias de muestreo y métodos para la determinación de las fracciones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) derivado de combustibles fósiles y de biomasa en el CO2 emitido totalmente en los gases de escape de fuentes estacionarias.
## Análisis para la ISO 13833:2013
Conforme a esta norma, las muestras de CO2 puede recolectarse en forma de gas o absorbidas en medios alcalinos sólidos o líquidos. Esta norma también presenta estrategias de muestreo integrado para periodos de 1 hora a 1 mes.
El límite inferior de aplicación es una fracción de CO2 biogénico de 0,02 respecto al CO2 total. El rango funcional es una fracción de CO2 biogénico de 0,02 a 1,0 respecto al CO2 total.
La ISO 13833 fue elaborada por el Comité Técnico ISO/TC 146, Calidad del Aire, Subcomité SC 1, Emisiones de fuentes estacionarias, en colaboración con el Comité Técnico del CEN, CEN/TC 264, Calidad del aire, en virtud del Acuerdo de Viena.
*Última actualización de la página: 22 de Marzo, 2013*
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### [ISO 13833 – Bemessung des Verhältnisses von biogenem zu fossilem CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/iso-13833.html)
**Published:** July 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **ISO 13833:2013** bestimmt das Verhältnis von Kohlenstoffdioxid aus Biomasse und fossilen Quellen bei Emissionen aus stationären Quellen mittels der Radiokarbon-Analyse.
- **ISO 13833** wurde im März 2013 veröffentlicht.
- Beta Analytic bietet Radiokarbon-Messungen gemäß ISO 13833.
- [Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
*Beta Analytic ist nicht mit der Internationalen Organisation für Normung (ISO) affiliiert.*
ISO 13833 wurde entwickelt, um den Bedarf an akkuraten und verlässlichen Daten im Rahmen des Kohlenstoff-Emissionshandels (Carbon Emission Trading) zu decken.
Dieser auf der Radiokarbondatierungs-Methode basierende Standard gibt insbesondere Strategien zur Probenentnahme und Methoden zur Bestimmung der aus Biomasse stammenden Kohlenstoffdioxid-Fraktion und der aus fossilen Quellen stammenden Fraktionen im gesamten CO2 in Abgasen von stationären Quellen an.
## ISO 13833:2013 Untersuchung
Gemäß dieser Norm können CO2-Proben als Gas, in Flüssigkeit absorbiert oder als festes alkalisches Medium entnommen werden. ISO 13833 enthält Strategien zur integrierten Probenentnahme für Zeiträume von einer Stunde bis zu einem Monat.
Die Untergrenze dieser Anwendung liegt bei einem Verhältnis von 0,02 (biogenes CO2 zu gesamter CO2-Fraktion). Der Arbeitsbereich liegt bei einem Verhältnis von 0,02 bis 1,0 (biogenes CO2 zu gesamter CO2-Fraktion).
ISO 13833 wurde vom Technischen Komitee ISO/TC 146, Luftqualität, Unterkomitee SC 1, Emissionen mit stationärer Quelle, in Kollaboration mit CEN Technisches Komitee CEN/TC 264, Luftqualität, gemäß dem Wiener Abkommen erstellt.
*Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 22. März 2013 aktualisiert.*
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### [EN 16640生質產品標準](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/cen-16640.html)
**Published:** March 4, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
歐洲標準委員會 (CEN) 技術委員會CEN/TC 411公布EN 16640:2017: 生質產品 – 生質碳含量 – 利用放射性碳測量方法確認生質碳含量。CEN 之前也發佈過以生質材料的放射性碳含量做為基礎的技術規範。
EN 16640指定了三種測量方法 – 液體閃爍計數(LSC)、β-離子(BI)與加速器質譜儀 (AMS)。根據 EN 16640的規定，材料的生質碳含量應表示為樣品質量的分量或總碳含量的分量。計算方法適用於任何含有有機碳的產品，包括生物複合材料。
EN 16640:2017 取代了 2014 年制定的技術規範 CEN/TS 16640。本標準於 2016 年 12 月獲得批准，並於 2017 年 2 月發佈。CEN 於 2017 年 8 月發佈了歐洲標準 EN 16640。
[需要報價](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
## 生質產品的技術規範
CEN/TS 16640 與之前發佈的技術規範 CEN/TS 16137 以及 CEN/TS 16295 均類似，這些規範由專注於塑膠的技術委員會發佈。這三種技術規範均以放射性碳分析為基礎。CEN/TS 16640 適用於所有生質產品，而其他兩種僅適用於塑膠和聚合物。
技術委員會 CEN/TC 411 目前正在制定其他規範和報告。2017 年 7 月，委員會批准了 EN 16766:2017：生質溶劑——取代 CEN/TS 16766:2015 的要求和測試方法。本標準規定了生質溶劑的生質含量、技術性能和測試方法等要求。
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[您的產品是生質的嗎? 證明它!](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased.html)
---
### Beta實驗室提供生質含量測試
通過ISO/IEC 17025:2017認證的Beta實驗室使用AMS測量材料的生質碳含量。相較於 EN 16640 規定的其他兩種方法，AMS分析的標準偏差只有0.1%。
Beta實驗室總部位於美國佛羅裡達州邁阿密，透過位於英國倫敦和西班牙馬德里的轉運辦事處接受整個歐洲的樣品。台灣的樣品可以直接與台北代理處聯繫。
要驗證Beta實驗室生質報告的真實性，請使用實驗室的報告驗證檢查器，輸入證書編號 (ID) 和生質含量百分比即可確認。
Beta實驗室透過提供高品質的生質碳含量測量來支持歐洲的生質產業。
*相關主題: 2024年6月*
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### [ASTM D6866 生質含量測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** March 7, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 本標準最初是為美國農業部生物優先計畫(USDA BioPreferred® Program)產品的生質含量測定而開發的。
- ASTM D6866 生質含量計算僅考慮總有機碳含量，不考慮產品的重量。
- Beta實驗室是 ASTM D6866 方法的共同開發者。
- 本標準並不測量產品的生物可分解性。
- [需要本測試報價](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html "需要本測試報價")
ASTM D6866 是美國開發的一種標準化分析方法，使用放射性碳定年法確定固體、液體和氣體樣品的生質含量。具體來說，它是應美國農業部的要求開發的，以滿足要求聯邦機構對於在其產品中使用最多生物質的製造商給予優先採購的立法（根據 2002 年的《農場安全和農村投資法》）。
放射性碳定年很快就被確立是用於確定產品生質含量唯一可行且準確的技術。工業用途的放射性碳定年操作標準於2004年完成，現已在美國聯邦法律（7 CFR 第 2902 部分）中引用。
ASTM D6866 是生質塑膠工業中廣泛使用的方法。Braskem是巴西領先的石化公司，也是眾多使用 ASTM D6866 認證其生質塑膠產品中生質含量的公司之一。
ASTM D6866 於 2004 年首次發布。此後發佈了多個版本。本標準當前有效的版本是 ASTM D6866-24，於 2024 年 2 月起生效。
[ASTM D6866 官方頁面](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html "ASTM D6866 官方頁面")
## 使用ASTM D6866標準測量生質碳含量
ASTM D6866 可辨別哪些碳是來自於現代的生物質碳，而哪些又是來自於石化的碳。生物質含有大量明確的碳14，很容易與其他材料，例如不含任何碳14的化石燃料區分開來。由於生物質中碳 14的含量是已知的，因此可以從樣品中的總有機碳中輕鬆計算出來自可再生來源的碳百分比。
## [\[影片\] 生質含量測試中的無機與有機碳](#collapseOne)
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## Beta實驗室高品質的生質含量測試
2003 年，在美國農業部的指導下，愛荷華州立大學的 CIRAS 設施開展了一項計劃來測試Beta實驗室（以及許多其他實驗室）的能力。到 2004 年 6 月，Beta實驗室在受控的測試條件下分析了200多個生質產品，並在1至3週內提供所有的測試結果。 結果證實了Beta實驗室提供可靠服務的商業能力。
在2004年，BETA實驗室加入美國材料測試協會 (ASTM) 小組委員會 D20.96，以協助編寫 ASTM D6866—使用放射性碳定年法進行生質含量分析的標準。
時至今日，Beta實驗室是世界上最大的生質含量測試實驗室。實驗室通常會在14個工作日或更短的時間內發布結果(對於台灣的客戶，測試時程以實驗室收到樣品後次一日開始計算)。優先服務可在 4 個工作日或更短時間內發佈結果。
要檢查Beta實驗室報告的真實性，請使用實驗室的報告驗證檢查器。
## ASTM D6866 並不測量產品的生物可分解性
必須注意的是，ASTM D6866僅量化材料的生質含量，但結果對材料的生物降解性來說沒有任何意義。
生質與生物可分解性聽起來可能相關，但它們不是同義詞，也不能互換。如果某一種材料是生質的，代表它來自植物或動物，但並不一定意味著它是可生物分解的。只有當環境中的微生物可以將其分解並將其用作食物來源時，這種材料才稱為可生物分解。
事實上，某些形式的纖維素是不可生物分解的，而一些源自石油的纖維素卻可以生物分解，這與流行的觀點相反。現今有些合成塑膠樹脂可以像紙一樣被生物分解及堆肥。也有一些生物塑膠材料，例如 Braskem的生物聚乙烯，它們則不會被生物分解。
**相關主題:**
[了解生質碳含量測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "了解生質碳含量測試")
[USDA生物優先計畫 (BioPreferred Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "USDA生物優先計畫")
[ASTM D6866測試 – 有機碳與總碳](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "ASTM D6866測試 – 有機碳與總碳")
[生質含量測試如何協助製造商？](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased.html "生質含量測試如何協助製造商？")
*最後更新2024年7月*
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### [バイオベース濃度試験規格 ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866 は当初米農務省BioPreferredプログラム (USDA BioPreferred® Program) においてバイオベース濃度を決定するために定められました。
- ASTM D6866 は重量ベースではなく、有機炭素が対象となります。
- Beta AnalyticはASTM D6866法の共同開発者です。
- この規格は、生分解性を測定するための規格ではありません。
- [お見積りはこちらから](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "お見積りはこちらから")
ASTM D6866 はアメリカ合衆国政府において、放射性炭素分析の手法を用いて固体・液体・気体のバイオベース度を決定するために定められました。 とくに農務省のバイオベース製品優先調達プログラムの要求を満たすために開発されました。 (the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002).
製品のバイオベース度を測定するためには放射性炭素分析の手法を用いるのが最も確実で有効です。 この放射性炭素年代測定の手法の工業分野への応用は、2004年に規格として完成し、現在はUS Federal Law (7 CFR part 2902)に制定されています。
ASTM D6866 は多くのバイオプラスチック業界で利用されています。 例えばブラジルの化学系リーディングカンパニーであるブラスム社はASTM D6866によって自社製品のバイオベース度を認定しています。
ASTM D6866 は2004年に発行され、以来何度かバージョンアップを繰り返してきました。 現在有効な標準規格のバージョンは、2024年2月に施行されたASTM D6866-24です。
[Official ASTM D6866 page](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## ASTM D6866 は再生可能炭素（リニューアブル・カーボン）を測定します
ASTM D6866 は、現在のバイオマスに由来する炭素と、化石由来の炭素とを区別します。 化石燃料由来の炭素は放射性炭素(C14)を含まないので、バイオマス由来炭素との区別が容易に可能です。 バイオマス由来の炭素の放射性炭素(C14)濃度が既知であれば、製品に含まれる放射性炭素(C14)濃度を測定することによってバイオマス由来炭素の比率が算出可能です。
---
免責事項:この動画はサードパーティーのサービスを利用しているため広告が表示されることがあります。
## Beta Analyticの高品質なバイオベース試験
2003年、USDAの指示のもとで、Iowa State Universityの施設CIRASは、(他の多くのラボと同様に)Beta Analyticの能力を試験するプログラムを実施しました。2004年6月までに、Beta Analyticは200以上のバイオベース製品をコントロールされたテスト環境の下で分析をし、1-3週間以内に全ての結果を報告しました。この結果、Beta Analyticが商用的に信頼性のあるサービスを提供することが出来るということが確証されました。
2004年、Beta AnalyticはASTMのSubcommittee D20.96に参画し、ASTM D6866－放射性炭素年代測定を用いたバイオベース度分析標準の策定者に協力をしました。
現在Beta Analyticは、世界最大のバイオベース試験ラボラトリーとなっています。通常5-7営業日で結果を報告しています。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。
## ASTM D6866 では生分解性を測定することはできません
ASTM D6866 はバイオベース度を測定するための試験であって、生分解性は測定することはできません。
バイオベース(biobased)と生分解性(biodegradability)は関連がありますが、異なる概念です。 製品がバイオベース製品であっても、生分解性があるとは限りません。 またその逆もあります。 ブラスケムのバイオベース製品 のように生分解性を持たないものもあります。
関連トピック:
[ Biobased Content Terms and Definitions](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "biobased materials defined")
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "ASTM D6866 certification for USDA Program")
[ASTM D6866は有機炭素が対象](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/organic-carbon.html)
*最終更新：2024年7月*
---
### [ASTM D6866: 바이오 매스 함량 측정하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866 은 미농무성의 BioPreferred Program의 (USDA BioPreferred® Program) 일환으로 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하기 위해 처음 개발되었습니다
- ASTM D6866 의 바이오 매스 함유량 계산은 전체 유기 탄소 함량 만을 고려하며 제품의 무게와는 관련이 없습니다
- Beta 연구소는 ASTM D6866 실험 개발자의 일원입니다
- 생분해성 측정과는 관련이 없습니다
- [견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")
ASTM D6866은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 이용하여 고체, 액체, 기체 샘플의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 표준 분석 방법으로 미국에서 처음 개발되었습니다. 특히 바이오 매스 물질이 많이 포함된 제품을 만든 제조업자들에게 미 연방 정부의 조달 우선권을 주기 위해 미농무성 (United States Department of Agriculture)의 필요에 의해 개발되었습니다. (The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002에 따라)
어떤 제품에 들어있는 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는데 방사성탄소 연대 측정 기법이 가장 정확한 방법이라는 것이 밝혀져 그 후에 상업적으로 이용하게 되었습니다. 이 실험 방법은 2004년에 완료되어 미국 연방법인 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002에 인용되었습니다.
ASTM D6866은 바이오 플라스틱 산업에서 가장 광범위하게 사용하는 실험 방법입니다. 세계적으로 유명한 브라질의 화학 회사인 Braskem은 그들 제품의 바이오 매스 함량을 증명하기 위해 ASTM D6866을 사용하는 바이오 플라스틱 기업 중 하나입니다.
2004년에 완성되어 처음 발표된 ASTM D6866은 그 이후로 많은 버전이 만들어졌으며, 현재 적용되는 최신 버전은 2024년 2월부터 시작된 ASTM D6866-24 입니다.
[공식 ASTM D6866 페이지](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## ASTM D6866 은 재생 가능한 탄소를 측정합니다
ASTM D6866은 바이오 매스 물질의 탄소와 화석 연료 물질의 탄소를 정확하게 구별해 냅니다. 바이오 매스는 일정량의 방사성탄소 (C14)를 가지고 있는 반면에 화석 연료는 방사성탄소를 전혀 가지고 있지 않다는 원리로 인해 쉽게 구별할 수 있습니다. 이렇게 바이오 매스에 있는 방사성탄소의 함량을 알 수 있기 때문에 샘플의 재생 가능한 탄소의 %를 전체 탄소에서 계산해 낼 수 있습니다.
## Beta 연구소의 고품격 바이오매스 함량 실험
2003년 USDA의 지시에 따라 아이오아 주립 대학에 있는 CIRAS 실험실은 Beta 연구소 (또한 다른 많은 실험실)의 실험 능력을 확인하는 프로그램을 시행했습니다. 2004년 6월까지 Beta 연구소는 엄격한 실험 조건하에서 200개 이상의 바이오 상품을 1-3주 안에 모두 분석했으며, 모든 만족스런 결과들로 인해 Beta 연구소는 상업적 서비스를 제공해도 된다는 것이 확인되었습니다.
2004년 Beta 연구소는 American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee D20.96 to help author ASTM D6866 – a standard for biobased content analysis using radiocarbon dating 에 참여하게 되었습니다.
오늘날 Beta 연구소는 세계에서 제일 큰 바이오매스 함량 실험 연구소이며, 결과를 통상적으로 5-7일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다.
## ASTM D6866은 생분해성 측정과는 상관없습니다
ASTM D6866은 바이오 매스 함량을 측정할 뿐 생분해성과는 아무 관련이 없다는 것을 꼭 알아 두셔야 합니다.
바이오 매스와 생분해성이라는 이 두 용어는 서로 관련있을 수 있지만, 서로 바꿔 쓸 수 있는 동의어는 아닙니다. 바이오 매스 물질이란 동물이나 식물에서 오는 것이지만, 생분해되지 않을 수도 있는 반면에. 생분해성 물질이란 단지 일반 환경에서 분해된다는 것을 의미합니다.
실제로 일부 형태의 셀로로즈는 생분해성이 아니지만 석유에서 온 일부 셀로로즈는 생분해 됩니다. 최근에는 생분해성인 합성 플라스틱 원료가 있어 종이와 같이 합성되어 사용되고 있습니다. 반면에 Braskem의 바이오 폴리에틸렌(bio-polyethylene) 와 같은 바이오 플라스틱은 생분해성이 아닙니다.
다른 의제들:
[바이오매스 함럄의 용어와 정의](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/biomass.html "biobased materials defined")
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "ASTM D6866 certification for USDA Program")
*2024년 7월 업데이트*
---
### [ASTM D6866 para Analisar o Conteúdo de Base Biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- O método ASTM D6866 foi inicialmente desenvolvido para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica dos produtos do USDA BioPreferred® Program.
- A análise do conteúdo de base biológica através do método ASTM D6866 considera apenas o Conteúdo de Carbono Orgânico Total e não o peso do produto.
- Beta Analytic é um co-desenvolvedor do método ASTM D6866.
- Por este método, não se mede o quão biodegradável é o produto.
- [SOLICITE UM ORÇAMENTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
O método ASTM D6866 foi desenvolvido nos Estados Unidos como um método analítico padronizado para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica de amostras sólidas, líquidas e gasosas, utilizando a datação por radiocarbono. O método ASTM D6866 foi especificamente desenvolvido por solicitação do Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos para satisfazer legislações que requerem que as agências federais dêem preferência em processos de compras a fabricantes que utilizam a maior quantidade possível de biomassa em seus produtos (tal como estipula o “Farm Security and Rural Investment Act” de 2002).
Foi rapidamente concluído que a datação por radiocarbono era a única técnica viável e precisa para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica de um produto. Um padrão de datação por radiocarbono para uso industrial foi concluído em 2004 e citado na Lei Federal dos EUA (7 CFR parte 2902).
O método ASTM D6866 é amplamente utilizado na indústria de bioplásticos. A Braskem, uma empresa brasileira líder no ramo petroquímico, é uma das muitas empresas fabricantes de bioplásticos que utilizam o método ASTM D6866 para certificar o conteúdo de base biológica de seus produtos.
O método ASTM D6866 foi publicado em 2004 pela primeira vez. Desde então, houve várias versões do mesmo. A versão atual vigente da norma é ASTM D6866-24, em efeito a partir de fevereiro de 2024.
[Página oficial da ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Medindo o Carbono Renovável Através do Método ASTM D6866
O método ASTM D6866 distingue o carbono resultante de insumos contemporâneos à base de biomassa do carbono derivado de insumos de origem fóssil. A biomassa contém uma quantidade bem caracterizada de carbono 14 que é facilmente diferenciada de outros materiais, tais como os combustíveis fósseis que não contêm carbono 14. Uma vez que é conhecida a quantidade de carbono 14 na biomassa, uma porcentagem de carbono derivado de fontes renováveis pode ser facilmente calculada a partir do carbono orgânico TOTAL contido na amostra.
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Aviso legal: Este vídeo está hospedado em um site de terceiros e poderá conter publicidade.
## Teste de base biológica de alta qualidade do Beta Analytic
Em 2003, sob a direção do USDA, as instalações CIRAS em Iowa State University realizou um programa para testar as capacidades da Beta Analytic (assim como de muitos outros laboratórios). Até junho de 2004, o Beta Analytic tinha analisado mais de 200 produtos de base biológica, sob condições de teste controladas entregar todos os resultados dentro de 1-3 semanas. Os resultados confirmaram as capacidades comerciais da Beta Analytic para fornecer um serviço confiável.
Em 2004, BETA uniu-se à Sociedade Americana de Testes de Materiais (ASTM), Subcomissão D20.96, para ajudar a autorar o ASTM D6866 – um padrão para análise de conteúdo de base biológica utilizando datação por radiocarbono.
Hoje, o Beta Analytic é o maior laboratório de testes de conteúdo de base biológica no mundo. O laboratório rotineiramente divulga os resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis.
## Não se mede o quão biodegradável é um produto pelo método ASTM D6866
Deve ser observado que o método ASTM D6866 apenas quantifica o conteúdo de base biológica de um material, mas os resultados não têm nenhuma implicação com a biodegradabilidade do mesmo.
Os termos “de base biológica” e “biodegradabilidade” podem ser relacionados, mas não são sinônimos e não podem ser usados alternadamente. Quando um material é de base biológica, ele provém de plantas ou animais, mas não significa necessariamente que é biodegradável. Um material é biodegradável apenas se micróbios no meio ambiente puderem perfurá-lo e usá-lo como fonte de alimento.
Alguns tipos de celulose são, na verdade, não biodegradáveis, enquanto que alguns que são provenientes de petróleo biodegradam, o que é contrário à opinião popular. Hoje em dia existem resinas plásticas sintéticas que biodegradam e se transformam em adubo, tal como o papel. Também existem materiais bioplásticos, tal como o biopolietileno da Braskem, que não biodegradam.
**Outros assuntos:**
[Conteúdo de Base Biológica – Termos e Definições](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biomassa.html "biobased materials defined")
[Programa BioPreferencial do USDA (BioPreferred Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "ASTM D6866 certification for USDA Program")
*Última atualização: julho de 2024*
---
### [L’ASTM D6866 per l'analisi del contenuto rinnovabile](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- L’ASTM D6866 è stato sviluppato originariamente per la determinazione del contenuto rinnovabile dei prodotti per lo USDA BioPreferred® Program.
- La misurazione del contenuto rinnovabile attraverso l’ASTM D6866 considera solo il carbonio organico totale, non il peso del prodotto
- Beta Analytic è stata tra gli sviluppatori dello standard ASTM D6866
- Questo standard non misura la biodegradabilità
- [RICHIEDI UN PREVENTIVO](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
L’ASTM D6866 è stato sviluppato negli Stati Uniti come metodo analitico standardizzato per determinare il contenuto rinnovabile di campioni solidi, liquidi o gassosi attraverso la datazione al radiocarbonio. È stato sviluppato, nello specifico, su richiesta del Dipartimento dell’Agricoltura degli Stati Uniti, per motivi di conformità alla normativa vigente che imponeva alle agenzie federali di favorire l’utilizzo da parte dei produttori di materiali contenenti la maggior quantità possibile di biomassa (tramite il Farm Security and Rural Investment Act del 2002).
Di lì a poco venne stabilito che la datazione al radiocarbonio era l’unica tecnica valida e precisa da utilizzare per determinare il contenuto rinnovabile di un prodotto. Lo standard in uso nella datazione al radiocarbonio per uso industriale è stato stabilito nel 2004 ed è ora incluso nelle legge federali statunitensi (7 CFR part 2902).
L’ASTM D6866 è un metodo ampiamente utilizzato nell’industria delle bioplastiche. Braskem, un’importante azienda petrolchimica brasiliana, è una delle tante industrie bioplastiche che utilizza l’ASTM D6866 per certificare il contenuto rinnovabile dei suoi prodotti.
L’ASTM D6866 è stato pubblicato per la prima volta nel 2004. Da allora, ne sono state rilasciate numerose versioni. La versione attualmente attiva di questo standard è ASTM D6866-24, entrata in vigore a febbraio 2024.
[Pagina ufficiale ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## L’ASTM D6866 misura il carbonio rinnovabile
L’ASTM D6866 distingue tra carbonio moderno, derivato da biomassa, e quello derivato da combustibili fossili. La biomassa contiene una certa quantità di carbonio-14 che la rende facilmente distinguibile da altri materiali, come i combustibili fossili, che non contengono carbonio-14. Dal momento che la quantità di carbonio-14 presente nella biomassa è nota, la percentuale di carbonio derivato da risorse rinnovabili è facilmente calcolabile sul carbonio TOTALE del campione.
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Avvertenza: questo video è ospitato su un sito esterno e potrebbe contenere pubblicità.
## Beta Analytic – Analisi di alta qualità del contenuto biobased
Nel 2003, sotto la direzione dello USDA, il centro CIRAS della Iowa State University ha avviato un programma nell’ambito del quale ha testato le capacità di Beta Analytic (e di molti altri laboratori). Entro giugno del 2004, Beta Analytic aveva analizzato oltre 200 prodotti biobased in condizioni controllate consegnando tutti i risultati entro 1-3 settimane. I risultati hanno confermato le capacità commerciali di Beta Analytic nel fornire un servizio affidabile.
Nel 2004, BETA ha collaborato con la Subcommittee D20.96 della American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) per la stesura di ASTM D6866 – uno standard relativo all’analisi del contenuto biobased attraverso la datazione al radiocarbonio.
Oggi, Beta Analytic è il più grande laboratorio di analisi biobased al mondo. Il laboratorio consegna regolarmente i risultati in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi.
## L’ASTM D6866 non misura la biodegradabilità
È necessario ricordare che l’ASTM D6866 è in grado di misurare solo il contenuto rinnovabile di un materiale, e che i risultati non hanno alcuna implicazione sulla biodegradabilità del materiale stesso.
I termini biobased e biodegradabilità possono essere collegati, ma non sono intercambiabili né sono sinonimi. Se un materiale è “biobased” deriva da piante o animali, ma ciò non significa necessariamente che sia biodegradabile. Un materiale è da considerarsi biodegradabile solo se i microorganismi presenti nell’ambiente possono decomporlo e usarlo come fonte di cibo.
Alcune forme di cellulosa, infatti, non sono biodegradabili, mentre alcuni materiali derivati dal petrolio lo sono, contrariamente a quanto si potrebbe pensare. Oggi esistono resine plastiche sintetiche che sono biodegradabili e compostabili proprio come la carta. Ci sono anche bioplastiche, come il bio-polietilene di Braskem, che non sono biodegradabili.
**Altri argomenti:**
[ Contenuto rinnovabile: termini e definizioni](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/biomassa.html "Definizione di materiali rinnovabili")
[USDA Biopreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "Certificazione ASTM D6866 per il programma USDA")
*Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2024*
---
### [La norme ASTM D6866 relative à l'analyse du contenu biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- L’ASTM D6866 fut développée, à l’origine, pour la détermination du contenu biosourcé des produits dans le cadre du USDA BioPreferred® Program.
- La détermination du contenu biosourcé selon la norme ASTM D6866 prend uniquement en compte la teneur en carbone organique total, et non le poids du produit.
- Beta Analytic est l’un des principaux développeurs de la méthode ASTM D6866
- La norme ne permet pas de mesurer la biodégradabilité des produits
- [SOLICITE UN PRESUPUESTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
L’ASTM D6866 a été développée aux États-Unis en tant que norme d’analyse pour déterminer la teneur en contenu biosourcé d’échantillons solides, liquides et gazeux, et ce au moyen de la datation radiocarbone. L’ASTM D6866 a été élaborée à la demande du Département américain de l’Agriculture pour satisfaire à une loi requièrant des agences fédérales qu’elles donnent la préférence, pour leurs achats, aux fabricants utilisant la plus grande quantité de biomasse dans leurs produits (Farm Security and Rural Investment Act de 2002).
Il fut rapidement établi que la datation radiocarbone était la seule technique fiable et précise pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée d’un produit. Une norme fonctionnelle de datation radiocarbone pour usage industriel fut finalisée en 2004 et est également citée dans la loi fédérale américaine (7 CFR part 2902).
L’ASTM D6866 est une norme largement utilisée dans l’industrie des bioplastiques. Braskem, entreprise brésilienne importante du secteur pétrochimique, est l’une des nombreuses entreprises de production de bioplastiques qui utilise l’ASTM D6866 pour certifier du contenu biosourcé de leurs produits.
L’ASTM D6866 vit le jour en 2004; plusieurs mises à jour furent publiées depuis. La version actuelle de la norme est ASTM D6866-24 et elle est effective depuis février 2024.
[Page officielle de l’ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## L’ASTM D6866 mesure le carbone renouvelable
L’ASTM D6866 distingue le carbone résultant des apports de matériaux contemporains, à base de biomasse de ceux issus de matériaux fossiles. La biomasse contient une quantité caractéristique de carbone 14, qui se distingue aisément des autres matériaux, tels que les combustibles fossiles qui ne contiennent pas de carbone 14. La quantité de carbone 14 dans la biomasse étant connue, le pourcentage de carbone provenant de sources renouvelables peut être aisément calculé à partir du carbone TOTAL contenu dans l’échantillon ainsi analysé.
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Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
## Beta Analytic fournit des analyses du contenu biosourcé de haute qualité
En 2003, sous la direction de l’USDA, le CIRAS (Center for Industrial Research and Service, Centre pour le service et la recherche industrielle) de l’Université d’Etat de l’Iowa a entrepris un programme d’évaluation des capacités de Beta Analytic (ainsi que de nombreux autres laboratoires). En juin 2004, Beta Analytic avait analysé plus de 200 produits biosourcés dans des conditions de test contrôlées, communiquant tous les résultats en 1 à 3 semaines. Les résultats ont confirmé les capacités commerciales de Beta Analytic à fournir un service fiable.
En 2004, BETA a rejoint le sous-comité D20.96 de l’ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials, Institut Américain de Test des Matériaux) pour participer à l’élaboration de l’ASTM D6866 – la norme pour l’analyse du contenu biosourcé basée sur le principe de la datation au radiocarbone.
Aujourd’hui, Beta Analytic est le plus grand laboratoire d’analyse du contenu biosourcé au monde. Le laboratoire communique les résultats en 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible.
## L’ASTM D6866 ne permet pas de mesurer la biodégradabilité
Il est à noter que l’ASTM D6866 ne permet que la quantification du contenu biosourcé d’un matériau, mais les résultats n’ont aucune implication concernant la biodégradabilité dudit matériau.
Les termes «biosourcé»et «biodégradabilité» peuvent être reliés, mais ils ne sont ni synonymes, ni interchangeables. Si un matériau est biosourcé, il provient de ressources telles les plantes, mais il n’en découle pas nécessairement qu’il soit biodégradable. Un matériau n’est biodégradable que si les microbes présents dans l’environnement peuvent le décomposer et l’utiliser comme source de nourriture.
Certaines formes de cellulose sont, en fait, non biodégradables, alors que certaines autres, dérivées du pétrole, se biodégradent, contrairement à la croyance générale. Il existe aujourd’hui des résines plastiques synthétiques qui sont biodégradables et se transformeront en compost, tout comme le papier. Il y a aussi des matériaux bioplastiques, tels que le bio-polyéthylène de Braskem, qui ne sont pas biodégradables.
**Sujets liés :**
[Les termes relatifs au contenu biosourcé et leurs définitions](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biomasse.html "Les termes relatifs au contenu biosourcé et leurs définitions")
[Le programme BioPreferred de l’USDA (BioPreferred Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html "Le programme BioPreferred de l'USDA")
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : juillet 2024*
---
### [ASTM D6866 para Analizar el Contenido de Base Biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** June 2, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- El método ASTM D6866 ha sido inicialmente desarrollado para determinar el contenido de base biológica de los productos del USDA BioPreferred® Program.
- El análisis del contenido de base biológica a través del método ASTM D6866 considera apenas el Contenido de Carbono Orgánico Total y no el peso del producto
- Beta Analytic es uno de los desarrolladores del estándar ASTM D6866
- Por este método, no se mide el nivel de biodegradabilidad del producto
- [SOLICITE UN PRESUPUESTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
El método ASTM D6866 fue desarrollado en los Estados Unidos como un método analítico estandarizado para determinar el contenido de base biológica de muestras sólidas, líquidas y gaseosas, utilizando la datación por radiocarbono. El método ASTM D6866 fue específicamente desarrollado por solicitud del Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos para cumplir con legislaciones que requieren que las agencias federales den preferencia en procesos de compras a los fabricantes que utilizan la mayor cantidad posible de biomasa en sus productos (conforme a lo estipulado en la ley “Farm Security and Rural Investment Act” de 2002).
Se concluyó rápidamente que la datación por radiocarbono era la única técnica viable y precisa para determinar el contenido de base biológica de un producto. Un estándar de datación por radiocarbono para uso industrial fue concluido en 2004 y citado en la Ley Federal de los EE.UU. (7 CFR parte 2902).
El método ASTM D6866 es extensamente utilizado en la industria de bioplásticos. Braskem, una empresa brasileña líder en la industria petroquímica, es una de las muchas empresas fabricantes de bioplásticos que utilizan el método ASTM D6866 para certificar el contenido de base biológica de sus productos.
El método ASTM D6866 fue publicado en 2004 por la primera vez. Desde entonces, hubo varias versiones de este estándar. La versión activa actual de la norma es el estándar ASTM D6866-24 vigente desde Febrero de 2024.
[Página oficial del estándar ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Midiendo el Carbono Renovable por el Método ASTM D6866
El método ASTM D6866 distingue el carbono resultante de insumos contemporáneos derivados de biomasa y el carbono derivado de insumos de origen fósil. La biomasa contiene una cantidad bien caracterizada de carbono 14 que es fácilmente diferenciada de otros materiales, como los combustibles fósiles que no contienen carbono 14. Cuando se conoce la cantidad de carbono 14 en la biomasa, un porcentaje de carbono derivado de fuentes renovables puede ser fácilmente calculado a partir del carbono TOTAL presente en la muestra.
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Exención de responsabilidad: Este video está alojado en un sitio externo y puede contener publicidad.
## Análisis de contenido biogénico de alta calidad con Beta Analytic
En 2003, con la dirección del USDA, las instalaciones CIRAS de la Universidad Estatal de Iowa emprendió un programa para probar la capacidad de Beta Analytic (así como la de muchos otros laboratorios). En junio de 2004, Beta Analytic había analizado más de 200 productos de origen biológico en condiciones de prueba controladas y entregando todos los resultados en 1-3 semanas. Los resultados confirmaron la capacidad comercial de Beta Analytic para proporcionar un servicio de confianza.
En 2004, BETA se unió al subcomité D20.96 de la American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) para colaborar en la autoría del ASTM D6866, un estándar para el análisis de contenido de origen biológico utilizando la datación por radiocarbono.
Hoy en día, Beta Analytic es el mayor laboratorio de análisis de contenido biogénico y entrega los resultados de manera rutinaria en 5-7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos.
## No se mide el nivel de biodegradabilidad de un producto por el método ASTM D6866
Debemos tomar en cuenta que el método ASTM D6866 apenas cuantifica el contenido de base biológica de un material, pero los resultados no tienen ninguna implicación con su capacidad de biodegradación.
Los términos “de base biológica” y “biodegradabilidad” pueden estar relacionados, pero no son sinónimos o intercambiables. Un material de base biológica incluye plantas o animales, pero eso no significa necesariamente que es biodegradable. Un material es biodegradable apenas si los microbios en el medio ambiente pueden descomponerlo y usarlo como fuente de alimento.
En realidad, algunos tipos de celulosa no son biodegradables, mientras que algunos que son provenientes del petróleo son biodegradables, contrariamente a la opinión popular. Actualmente existen resinas plásticas sintéticas biodegradables, transformándose en fertilizantes, como el papel. También existen materiales bioplásticos, como el biopolietileno de la empresa Braskem, que no son biodegradables.
**Otros Temas:**
[Contenido de Base Biológica – Términos y Definiciones](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biomasa.html "Contenido de Base Biológica – Términos y Definiciones")
[Programa BioPreferencial del USDA (BioPreferred Program)](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "Programa BioPreferencial del USDA")
*Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2024*
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### [ASTM D6866 für biobasierende Gehaltstest](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866 wurde ursprünglich für die biobasierende Gehaltsbestimmung von Produkten des USDA BioPreferred® Program entwickelt.
- ASTM D6866 biobasierende Gehaltsberechnungen zieht nur die gesamte organische Kohlenstoffinhalte und nicht das Produktgewicht in Betracht
- Beta Analytic ist ein Mitentwickler der ASTM D6866 Methode
- Der Standard bemisst nicht die Bioabbaubarkeit eines Produktes
- [ANGEBOT ANFORDERN](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
ASTM D6866 wurde in den Vereinigten Staaten als eine standardisierte analytische Methode entwickelt, die den biobasierenden Gehalt von festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Proben mit Hilfe der Radiokohlenstoff Datierung bestimmt. ASTM D6866 wurde auf Anfrage der US Department für Agrikultur entwickelt, um die Legislatur, die benötigt wird um die federale Agenturen zubefriedigen und somit der Beschaffung für die Hersteller durch die Benutzung von einer großen Anzahl von Biomassen in ihren Produkten, Priorität zu schenken (nach Farmsicherheit und ländlicher Investment Akt von 2002)
Schnell wurde festgestellt, dass die Radiokohlenstoff Datierung die einzige durchführbare und akkurate Methode ist um den biobasierenden Gehalt eines Produktes zubestimmen. Der Radiokohlenstoffstandard für die industrielle Benutzung wurde 2004 fertig gestellt und wurde im US Federalrechts zitiert (7CFR Part 2902)
ASTM D6866 ist eine weitverbreitete Methode in der Bioplastik Industrie. Braskem, eines der führenden brasilianischen petrolchemischen Unternehmen, ist eine von vielen Bioplastik Unternehmen, welche ASTM D6866 benutzt um den biobasierenden Gehalt ihrer Produkte zu zertifizieren.
ASTM D6866 wurde erstmals in 2004 veröffentlicht. Viele verschiedene Versionen wurden seitdem veröffentlicht. Die derzeit aktuelle Version der Norm ist ASTM D6866-24, gültig ab Februar 2024.
[Offizielle ASTM D6866 Seite](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## ASTM D6866 bemisst erneuerbaren Kohlenstoff
ASTM D6866 unterscheidet Kohlenstoffe resultierend von heutigen biomassenbasierenden Beiträgen von denjenigen, die von fossilen basierenden Beiträgen, abgeleitet wurden. Biomassen beinhalten eine gut-charakterisierte Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14, welche leicht von anderen Materialien, wie zum Beispiel fossilen Brennstoffen, die keinen Kohlenstoff 14 beinhalten, zu unterscheiden sind. Seitdem die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in Biomassen bekannt ist, kann der Prozentanteil von Kohlenstoff von erneuerbaren Quellen, einfach von dem GESAMTEN Kohlenstoff in der Probe, berechnet werden.
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Haftungsausschluss: Dieses Video wird auf der Website Dritter bereit gestellt und kann Werbung enthalten.
## Beta Analytic hochwertige Analyse des biobasierten Anteils
2003 führte die CIRAS-Einrichtung an der Iowa State University, unter der Direktion der USDA, ein Testprogramm durch, um Beta Analytics Kapazitäten (wie auch die vieler anderer Laboratorien) zu eruieren. Bis Juni 2004 hatte Beta Analytic unter kontrollierten Testbedingungen über 200 biobasierte Produkte analysiert und die Ergebnisse lagen innerhalb von 1 bis 3 Wochen vor. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass Beta Analytic über die kommerziellen Ressourcen verfügt, um einen verlässlichen Service sicherzustellen.
2004, trat BETA der American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), Subkomitee D20.96 bei, um bei den Formulierungen von ASTM D6866 zu helfen – eine Norm für die Analyse des biobasierten Anteils unter Verwendung der Radiokarbondatierung.
Heute ist Beta Analytic das weltweit größte, biobasierte Anteile testende Labor. BETA liefert Ergebnisse routinemäßig in 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an.
## ASTM D6866 bemisst nicht die Bioabbaubarkeit
Man muss bachten, das ASTM D6866 nur den biobasierenden Gehalt eines Materials quantifiziert, jedoch das Ergebnis keine Auswirkungen auf die Bioabbaubarkeit des Materials hat.
Die Ausdrücke „biobasierend“ und „Bioabbaubarkeit“ sind zwar ähnlich, jedoch sind sie keine Synonyme noch sind sie austauschbar. Wenn ein Material biobasierend ist, entsteht es aus Pflanzen oder Tieren, jedoch bedeutet dies nicht, dass es bioabbaubar ist. Ein Material ist nur bioabbaubar, wenn Mikrobe im Umfeld es aufnehmen und als Ernährungsquelle benutzen können.
Einige Zellulosearten sind in der Tat nicht-bioabbaubar, während andere, die von Petroleum abgleitet wurden, bioabbaubar sind im Gegensatz zu gängigen Auffassungen. Heutzutage gibt es synthetische Plastikgranulate die bioabbaubar sind und kompostierbar sind wie Papier. Es gibt zudem Bioplastikmaterialien, wie zum Beispiel Braskem’s Biopolyäthylen, die nicht bioabbaubar sind.
Andere Themen:
[Biobasierende Gehalte Bedingungen und Definitionen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/biomasse.html "biobased materials defined")
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biobevorzugt.html "ASTM D6866 certification for USDA Program")
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juli 2024*
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### [방사성탄소 분석을 통한 천연 제품의 효율적 품질 관리](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
100% 천연유래 제품(천연 제품)들의 가격은 일반적으로 화학 합성 유래 제품보다 높습니다. 따라서 일부 업체들은 천연유래 대신 석유화학 유래 합성 물질로 장난을 치려는 경향이 있습니다. 방사성탄소 분석을 통해 제조업체, 원자재 납품업체, 유통업자, 소비자, 소비자 보호 단체들은 다음과 같은 일을 할 수 있습니다:
- 천연유래 제품의 증명
- “천연유래” 조미료와 향료 제품들의 가짜 탐지.
- 제품 개발의 R&D 과정에서 데이터 확보
방사성탄소 분석법을 적용하는 제품들은 [화장품](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/cosmetics.html "화장품"), [커큐민](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html "커큐민"), [에센스 오일](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/oils.html "에센스 오일"), [첨가제](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fragrances.html "첨가제"), 와 [식품 및 건강보조식품](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/food.html "식품 및 건강보조식품") 등 입니다.
---
## 방사성탄소 분석법의 보완 역할
하지만, 단지 방사성탄소 분석법만 유일하게 100% 천연유래라 표기된 제품의 화학유래 합성 물질 포함 여부를 확인할 수 있습니다.
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/ "authenticity testing methods")
100% 바이오기반의 제품들이란 식물, 동물, 혹은 미생물에서 100% 유래입니다. 방사성탄소 분석은 바이오매스에서 온 물질 내 탄소의 정확한 퍼센트를 분석합니다.
Beta 연구소는 현재 국제적 표준방식인 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") 와 [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") 에 따라 천연유래 제품 시험 보고서를 제공하고 있습니다. 이 두 방식은 모두 방사성탄소 분석에 기반합니다.
**추가 자료:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Beta 연구소 관련 추가 기사](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Beta 연구소 관련 추가 기사")
#### Beta 연구소의 전문 기술!
##### 7 영업일 이내의 실험 결과 보고
결과 보고서는 일반적으로 7 영업일 만에 제공하며, 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 보고서는 시료의 사진과 QA 보고서 포함하여 온라인으로 24/7 언제든지 확인 가능하다.
##### 바이오기반 탄소 실험의 개발자이며 선두주자
본 연구소는 방사성탄소 측정을 통한 바이오기반 함량 실험 (ASTM D6866)의 첫번째 표준을 만든 개발자 일원이었으며, ISO 16620-2를 포함한 전세계 바이오기반 표준화 작업의 기술 자문단으로 활약하고 있다.
##### 고품격 기술 자문 가능
Beta 연구소는 복잡한 바이오기반 시료에 대해 타의 추종을 불허하는 전문 기술을 보유하고 있다. 한국어를 포함한 세계 각국의 언어로 고객 지원을 제공한다.
##### 추적자 비취급 실험실
Beta 연구소는 자연 상태의 방사성탄소 측정 연구소로 상호 오염의 위험성을 없애기 위해 추적자로 사용하는 인공 방사성탄소를 사용하는 의약품 시료를 취급하지 않는다.
### 자연산 제품인지의 여부? 증명해 보자 !
*정확하고 신속한 자연산 원료 사용 여부 실험. 항상 Beta 연구소로.* [연락하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [Il carbonio-14: un alleato nel controllo qualità dei prodotti naturali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
I prodotti derivati al 100% da fonti naturali (“prodotti naturali”) sono spesso più costosi dei loro equivalenti sintetici. Questo porta alcune aziende a impiegare alternative sintetiche, spesso derivate dal petrolio, dichiarandole come naturali in etichetta. Attraverso l’analisi al carbonio-14, i produttori, fornitori, distributori e utilizzatori di materiali naturali, così come gli enti normativi, possono:
- Verificare le dichiarazioni relative alle fonti naturali
- Identificare le fragranze e gli aromi “naturali” adulterati o contraffatti
- Ottenere dati vitali durante la fase di ricerca e sviluppo
Esempi di prodotti accettati dal laboratorio per l’analisi del carbonio-14 includono [cosmetici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/cosmetici.html "cosmetici"), [curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/curcumina-analisi.html "curcumina"), [oli essenziali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/oli.html "oli essenziali"), [aromi](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/aromi.html "aromi") e [integratori](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/alimenti.html "integratori").
---
## L’analisi al carbonio-14 completa gli altri test
Esistono diversi metodi di analisi che gli addetti al controllo qualità possono utilizzare per identificare le adulterazioni. Tuttavia, solo l’analisi del carbonio-14 può verificare se un prodotto dichiarato come 100% naturale contiene adulteranti derivati dal petrolio.
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/ "authenticity testing methods")
I prodotti biobased al 100% derivano al 100% da piante, animali o colture batteriche. L’analisi al carbonio-14 misura l’esatta percentuale di carbonio proveniente da biomassa.
Beta Analytic fornisce i risultati dell’analisi delle fonti naturali in conformità agli standard internazionali [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") e [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2"), che si basano sull’analisi al carbonio-14.
**Letture consigliate:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Altri articoli di Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Altri articoli di Beta Analytic")
#### Approfitta della competenza di Beta Analytic!
##### Risultati pronti in soli 7 giorni lavorativi
Il laboratorio consegna regolarmente i risultati in soli 7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. I risultati sono disponibili online 24/7 e includono i report di Garanzia di Qualità e le foto dei campioni.
##### Pionieri nell’analisi del carbonio biobased
Il laboratorio è stato uno dei principali sviluppatori dello standard per la determinazione del contenuto naturale attraverso il metodo del radiocarbonio (ASTM D6866) ed è stato consulente tecnico per tutte le maggiori iniziative di standardizzazione per l’industria biobased, inclusa la stesura dello standard ISO 16620-2.
##### Consulenza tecnica di alta qualità
Beta Analytic ha un’esperienza senza pari con i campioni naturali complessi. Il laboratorio fornisce assistenza ai clienti in inglese, cinese, francese, tedesco, coreano, italiano, portoghese, spagnolo e giapponese.
##### Laboratorio libero da radiocarbonio tracciante
Beta Analytic si occupa di analisi del radiocarbonio a livelli naturali e non accetta campioni farmaceutici contenenti carbonio-14 tracciante, per eliminare il rischio di contaminazione incrociata.
### Il tuo prodotto è naturale? Provalo!
*Per un’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali affidabile, accurata e rapida, scegli sempre Beta Analytic.*[CONTATTACI](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
---
### [L'analyse du carbone 14 permet d’améliorer le contrôle de la qualité des produits naturels](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Les produits qui proviennent à 100% de la nature (« produits naturels ») sont souvent plus chers que leurs équivalents synthétiques. Par conséquent, certaines entreprises peuvent être tentées d’étiqueter les équivalents artificiels généralement dérivés du pétrole comme étant des produits naturels. Grâce à l’analyse du carbone 14, les fabricants et les fournisseurs de matières premières, les distributeurs, les consommateurs et les organismes de réglementation peuvent :
- Valider l’origine naturelle d’un produit
- Identifier les arômes et parfums « naturels » falsifiés ou frauduleux
- Obtenir des données importantes au cours de la phase R&D de développement d’un produit
Le laboratoire accepte différents types de produits pour l’analyse du carbone 14 tels que les [cosmétiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/cosmetiques.html "cosmétiques"), la [curcumine](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/curcumine-analyse.html "curcumine"), les [huiles essentielles](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/huiles.html "huiles essentielles"), les [arômes](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/parfums.html "arômes") et les [compléments alimentaires](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/alimentaire.html "compléments alimentaires").
---
## L’analyse du carbone 14 permet de compléter d’autres analyses
Il existe plusieurs méthodes d’analyse que les services de contrôle qualité et d’assurance qualité utilisent pour détecter d’éventuelles falsifications. Cependant, seule l’analyse du carbone 14 permet d’identifier s’il y a des adultérants synthétiques dérivés de la pétrochimie dans un produit censé être d’origine naturelle à 100%.
Les produits 100% biosourcés proviennent à 100% de plantes, d’animaux ou de matériaux microbiologiques. L’analyse du carbone 14 mesure le pourcentage exact de carbone dans un matériau issu de la biomasse.
Beta Analytic fournit les résultats d’analyse de l’origine des produits naturels selon les normes internationales [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") et [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") qui sont toutes les deux basées sur l’analyse du carbone 14.
**Pour en savoir plus :**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Plus d’articles de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Plus d'articles de Beta Analytic")
#### Profitez de l’expertise de Beta Analytic !
##### Résultats d’analyse en 7 jours ouvrés
Le laboratoire communique les résultats en 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Les résultats sont accessibles en ligne à tout moment, accompagnés des rapports d’assurance qualité et de photos des échantillons.
##### Laboratoire pionnier dans l’analyse du carbone biosourcé
Beta Analytic est l’un des principaux développeurs de la première norme permettant de déterminer la teneur biosourcée d’un produit à l’aide de la méthode au radiocarbone (ASTM D6866) et a servi de conseiller technique pour toutes les initiatives de normalisation biosourcées dans le monde, y compris la méthode ISO 16620-2.
##### Consultation technique de haute qualité
Beta Analytic a une expérience inégalée avec les échantillons biosourcés complexes. Le laboratoire fournit un service clientèle dans plusieurs langues, dont le chinois, français, allemand, italien, japonais, coréen, portugais et espagnol.
##### Laboratoire exempt de traceur
Beta Analytic est un laboratoire radiocarbone mesurant le carbone naturel qui n’accepte pas les échantillons pharmaceutiques contenant du carbone 14 artificiel afin d’éviter tout risque de contamination croisée.
### Votre produit est naturel? Prouvez-le!
*Pour une analyse sûre, exacte et rapide de la naturalité des produits, choisissez toujours Beta Analytic.*[Contactez-nous](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
---
### [El análisis de Carbono-14 mejora el control de calidad en productos naturales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Los productos derivados 100% de la naturaleza (“productos naturales”) suelen ser más costosos que sus contrapartes sintéticas. Como resultado, algunas empresas pueden llegar a etiquetar engañosamente alternativas sintéticas usualmente derivadas del petróleo como productos naturales. Por medio del análisis de carbono-14, productores y proveedores de materias primas, distribuidores, consumidores y agencias reguladoras pueden:
- Sustentar afirmaciones sobre origen natural
- Identificar sabores y aromas “naturales” adulterados o fraudulentos
- Obtener información esencial durante la fase de investigación y desarrollo del producto
Algunos ejemplos de productos que el laboratorio puede aceptar para análisis de Carbono-14 son [cosméticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/cosmeticos.html "cosméticos"), [curcumina](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/curcumina-analisis.html "curcumina"), [aceites esenciales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/aceites.html "aceites esenciales"), [sabores](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/aromas.html "sabores"), y [suplementos alimenticios y dietéticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/alimentos.html "suplementos alimenticios y dietéticos").
---
## El análisis de Carbono-14 complementa otras pruebas químicas
Existen varios métodos analíticos que los departamentos de control y aseguramiento de calidad utilizan para detectar adulteraciones. Sin embargo, sólo el análisis de carbono-14 puede identificar si hay adulterantes sintéticos derivados de petroquímicos en un producto que dice ser 100% de origen natural.
Los productos que son 100% de base biológica son 100% derivados de plantas, animales o materiales microbiológicos. El análisis de carbono-14 mide el porcentaje exacto de carbono en un material que proviene de biomasa.
Beta Analytic actualmente comunica los resultados del análisis del origen de productos naturales conforme a las normas internacionales [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") e [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2"), las cuales se basan en el análisis de carbono-14.
**Lecturas recomendadas:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Más artículos de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Más artículos de Beta Analytic")
#### ¡Aproveche la experiencia técnica de Beta Analytic!
##### Resultados disponibles en solo 7 días laborables o menos
El laboratorio entrega resultados en solo 7 días laborables o menos de manera rutinaria. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Los resultados pueden ser consultados las 24 horas del día, incluyendo informes de garantía de calidad y fotografías de las muestras.
##### Pioneros en el análisis de contenido de carbono de base biológica
El laboratorio fue uno de los desarrolladores clave del primer estándar para determinar el contenido de origen biológico de productos usando el método de radiocarbono (ASTM D6866) y ha sido asesor técnico en las iniciativas más importantes de estandarización de productos de base biológica, entre ellas el estándar ISO 16620-2.
##### Consultas técnicas de alta calidad
Beta Analytic cuenta con una experiencia técnica incomparable en el análisis de muestras complejas. El laboratorio proporciona apoyo a sus clientes en varios idiomas, incluyendo el chino, francés, alemán, italiano, japonés, coreano, portugués y español.
##### Laboratorio libre de marcadores
Beta Analytic es un laboratorio de radiocarbono a nivel natural y no acepta muestras farmacéuticas que contengan marcadores de carbono 14 a fin de evitar el riesgo de contaminación cruzada.
### ¿Su producto es de origen natural? ¡Compruébelo!
*Para análisis de productos naturales confiables, precisos y rápidos, siempre elija a Beta Analytic.* [Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
---
### [Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse verbessert die Qualitätskontrolle natürlicher Produkte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte.html)
**Published:** August 3, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Produkte, die zu 100% aus der Natur stammen (“Natürliche Produkte”), sind oft teurer als ihre synthetischen Gegenstücke. Infolgedessen neigen einige Unternehmen dazu, künstliche Alternativen, die üblicherweise aus Erdöl gewonnen werden, fälschlicherweise als natürliche Produkte zu kennzeichnen. Durch die Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse können Hersteller und Rohstofflieferanten, Händler, Verbraucher und Aufsichtsbehörden:
- Angaben über natürliche Quellen prüfen
- Verfälschte oder betrügerische “natürliche” Geschmacks- und Duftstoffe identifizieren
- Wichtige Daten während der F&E-Phase der Produktentwicklung erhalten
Beispiele für Produkte, die unser Labor für Kohlenstoff-14-Analysen akzeptiert, sind [Kosmetika](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/kosmetik.html "Kosmetika"), [Curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/curcumin-analyse.html "Curcumin"), [ätherische Öle](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/oele.html "ätherische Öle"), [Aromen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/duftstoffe.html "Aromen") sowie [Lebensmittel- und Nahrungsergänzungsmittel](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/lebensmittel.html "Lebensmittel und Nahrungsergänzungsmittel").
---
## Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse ergänzt andere Prüfungen
Qualitätskontrolle und Qualitätssicherung verwenden verschiedene Prüfmethoden, um Verfälschungen zu erkennen. Nur eine Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse kann jedoch feststellen, ob ein Produkt aus petrochemischen und synthetischen Verfälschungsmitteln besteht, von denen behauptet wird, sie stammen zu 100% aus natürlichen Quellen.
[](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/ "authenticity testing methods")
Produkte, die zu 100% biobasiert sind, stammen zu 100% aus Pflanzen, Tieren oder mikrobiologischen Materialien. Die Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse misst den genauen Prozentsatz von Kohlenstoff in einem Material, der aus Biomasse stammt.
Beta Analytic berichtet derzeit Ergebnisse für die Prüfung natürlicher Produkte gemäß den internationalen Standards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") und [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2"), die beide auf der Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse basieren.
**Weiterführende Literatur:**
[Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821 "Identifying Fraudulent Natural Products: A Perspective on the Application of Carbon-14 Analysis") – Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry’s Advances in Bioflavor Research special issue
[Authentication of Peppermint Oil](https://perfumerflavorist.texterity.com/perfumerflavorist/march_2019/MobilePagedReplica.action?ajs_uid=4135D1736201I1I&absrc=hdl&oly_enc_id=4135D1736201I1I&ajs_trait_oebid=6901B2476689B3F&pm=2&folio=22#pg25 "Authentication of Peppermint Oil") – Perfumer & Flavorist
[Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry](https://www.nutraceuticalsnow.com/articles/2018/11/01/curcumin-adulteration-natural-products-industry/ "Curcumin and Adulteration in the Natural Products Industry") – Nutraceuticals Now
[Weitere Beta Analytic Artikel](https://www.betalabservices.com/publications/#Flavor "Weitere Beta Analytic Artikel")
#### Profitieren Sie von Beta Analytics Expertise!
##### Testergebnisse in nur 7 Werktagen
Unser Labor erstellt routinemäßig Ergebnisse binnen 7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Die Ergebnisse können Rund um die Uhr abgerufen werden, inklusive QS Berichten und Fotos der Proben.
##### Pioniere im Bereich der biobasierten Kohlenstoffprüfung
Unser Labor war einer der wichtigen Mitentwickler des ersten Standards, um den biobasierten Anteil von Produkten mittels der Radiokohlenstoff-Methode (ASTM D6866) zu analysieren und diente als technischer Berater weltweit allen wichtigen biobasierten Standardisierungsinitiativen, inklusive ISO 16620-2.
##### Hoch-qualitative technische Beratung
Beta Analytic verfügt über einzigartige Expertise im Umgang mit komplexen biobasierten Proben. Unser Labor bietet eine Kundenbetreuung in vielen verschiedenen Sprachen, inklusive Deutsch, Chinesisch, Französisch, Italienisch, Japanisch, Koreanisch, Portugiesisch und Spanisch.
##### Tracer-freies Laboratorium
Beta Analytic ist ein Labor mit natürlichem Radiokohlenstoff-Niveau und akzeptiert keine pharmazeutischen Proben, die tracer Kohlenstoff-14 enthalten, um das Risiko einer Kreuzkontamination zu vermeiden.
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---
### [Thank You](https://www.betalabservices.com/thank-you-webinars.html)
**Published:** December 19, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Thank you!
#### Your request is received and we will contact you soon.
[Back to Home Page](https://www.betalabservices.com)
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html)
**Published:** August 31, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# 生物源碳氫化合物氣體的碳14測試
測量碳氫化合物/燃氣樣本中的生物源碳百分比與化石碳百分比
[請求報價](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
放射性碳分析用於測定協同處理中碳氫化合物和燃料氣體的生物源碳含量，是歐盟、加拿大和美國各種清潔燃料標準中所需的測試。同位素分析可區分化石和現代碳氫化合物的氣體原料和氣體產物。
## 透過碳14分析以量化以下樣品中氣體的生物源含量：
- 混合氣體以及分離後的甲烷、二氧化碳（混合物或「原始沼氣」）、丙烷、丁烷和乙烯。
- 碳氫化合物氣體如沼氣、垃圾掩埋氣、生物甲烷、RNG、協同處理氣體燃料、再生氣體原料、合成氣、地源甲烷、土壤氣體、廢棄物能源氣體、腸道氣體、再生丙烷、低碳強度燃料、生物反應器氣體，和化學中間氣體。
## 生物源檢測報告標準
- ASTM D6866 – [生物源](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)%可以表示為在總碳中生物源的佔比。
- 作為此服務的一部分，可透過ASTM D7833、ASTM D1945或EPA 3C測試對氣體混合物進行全面色譜分析。
請注意：我們不接受硫化氫 (H2S) 氣體濃度超過百萬分之2,000 (>2,000 ppm) 的氣體。
**準備好提交樣品進行測試了嗎?** 在接受氣體樣本之前，您需要完成燃氣調查問卷/評估。 [請閱讀我們的指南。](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### 如需可靠、準確且快速的生物源含量測試解決方案，請選擇SGS Beta實驗室。
[聯絡我們](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
相關主題: 2025年7月
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html)
**Published:** May 9, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# バイオジェニック炭化水素ガスの14C試験
炭化水素/燃料ガスサンプルの バイオジェニック炭素% vs 化石由来炭素% の分析
[価格の問い合わせ](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
放射性炭素分析は、炭化水素と燃料ガスの共処理(co-processing)におけるバイオジェニック炭素含有量を測定するために使用され、EU、カナダ、米国の様々なクリーン燃料基準で要求されています。放射性炭素分析は、炭化水素ガスのフィードストックおよび製品ガスが、化石由来かモダンかを区別します。
## 下記サンプルの炭素14分析によるバイオジェニック濃度定量が可能です：
- バルク・ガス、分離されたメタン、CO2(混合ガスまたはraw biogas)、プロパン、ブタン、エチレン
- バイオガスを成分とする炭化水素ガス、埋立地ガス、バイオメタン、RNG、共処理(Co-Processing）ガス燃料、再生可能ガス原料、合成ガス、地中メタン、土壌ガス、廃棄物エネルギー化ガス、家畜由来メタン、再生可能プロパン、低炭素燃料、バイオリアクターガス、化学中間体ガス
## バイオジェニック試験の規格
- ASTM D6866 – [バイオジェニック](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) % は全炭素に対する割合で示されます
- このサービスの一環として、ASTM D7833、ASTM D1945、またはEPA 3C試験による混合ガスの完全クロマトグラフィー分析が可能です。
注意事項：硫化水素 (H2S)ガス濃度が2,000ppmを超えるガス組成物はお受けできません。
試験のためのサンプルの準備を行いますか？ 燃料ガスを送付していただく前に、サンプルに関する質問／アセスメントを完了していただく必要があります。[ガイドラインをお読みください](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### 信頼性が高く、正確で迅速なバイオジェニック試験ソリューションをお探しなら、ベータ・アナリティックをお選びください。
[お問い合わせ先](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
最終更新：2025年7月
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/hydrocarbons/biogenic-c14-testing.html)
**Published:** May 7, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# 바이오제닉 탄화수소 가스 14C 실험
탄화수소/연료 가스 시료의 % 바이오 제닉 탄소 vs % 화석 탄소 측정하기
[가격 요청](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
방사성탄소 분석은 공정 중에서 발생한 탄화 수소와 연료 가스의 바이오 제닉 탄소 함량을 측정하는 데 사용되며, EU, 캐나다 및 미국의 다양한 청정 연료 표준 제도 요구되는 실험 방법입니다. 동위원소 분석은 탄화수소 가스 공급 원료 및 생성 가스의 화석 대비 현대 여부를 구별합니다.
## 다음 시료들의 탄소-14 분석을 통한 가스의 바이오 제닉 함량 분석하기:
- 메탄, 이산화탄소(혼합물 또는 “원래의 바이오 가스”), 프로판, 부탄 및 에틸렌의 가스 및 분리 가스의 복합 구성 형태.
- 바이오가스, 매립 가스, 바이오 메탄, RNG, 공정 중 발생 가스 연료, 재생 가스 공급 원료, 합성 가스, 지질 메탄, 토양 가스, 폐기물 에너지 가스, 장용 가스, 재생 프로판, 저탄소 농도 연료, 바이오리액터 가스 및 화학적 중간 가스로 구성된 탄화수소 가스
## 바이오 제닉 실험 리포트 표준 방식
- ASTM D6866 – % [바이오제닉](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) 은 전체 탄소 중 일부로 표시됩니다.
- 이 서비스의 일환으로 ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945 또는 EPA 3C 실험을 통한 가스 혼합물의 전체 크로마토 그래피 분석이 가능합니다.
알림: 황화수소 (H2S) 가스의 농도가 2,000 ppm(>2,000 ppm) 초과하는 가스 형태는 취급하지 않습니다.
실험하기 위한 시료 제출 준비가 되셨습니까? 가스 시료 수락하기 전, 연료 가스 질문지/평가를 사전에 받아야 합니다. [가이드라인을 읽어보기.](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### 신뢰성, 정확성, 신속성의 바이오 제닉 함량 검사를 원하시면, SGS Beta 연구소를 선택합니다.
[연락하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
관련 자료: 2025년 7월
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/hidrocarbonetos/analise-c14-biogenico.html)
**Published:** May 6, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Análise de 14C em gás biogênico de hidrocarbonetos
Medição de % de carbono biogênico e % de carbono fóssil em amostras de gases combustíveis e de hidrocarbonetos
[Solicitar cotação](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
A análise por radiocarbono é usada para determinar o teor de carbono biogênico de gases combustíveis e de hidrocarbonetos em coprocessamento, e é exigida por várias regulações de combustível limpo da União Europeia, do Canadá e dos Estados Unidos. A análise isotópica distingue a origem fóssil ou moderna de matérias-primas e produtos de gás de hidrocarbonetos.
## Quantificação do teor biogênico de gases com análise de Carbono-14 nas seguintes amostras:
- Composição global de gases e gases isolados de metano, dióxido de carbono (misturado ou “biogás bruto”), propano, butano e etileno.
- Gases de hidrocarbonetos compostos por biogás, gás de aterro, biometano, GNR, combustíveis gasosos de coprocessamento, matérias-primas de gás renovável, gás de síntese, metano geogênico, gases do solo, gases de transformação de resíduos em energia, gases entéricos, propano renovável, combustíveis de baixa intensidade de carbono, gases de biorreatores e gases intermediários químicos.
## Normas dos relatórios da análise de carbono biogênico
- ASTM D6866 – A porcentagem [biogênica](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) é expressa como fração do carbono total.
- A análise cromatográfica completa de misturas de gases está disponível através de análises segundo as normas ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945 ou EPA 3C como parte deste serviço.
Observação: não aceitamos composições de gás com concentração superior a 2,000 partes por milhão (>2,000 ppm) de gás sulfeto de hidrogênio (H2S).
Quer enviar amostras para análise? Preencha o questionário/avaliação de gás combustível para verificar a viabilidade da análise de suas amostras de gás.[Leia nossas recomendações](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### Para obter soluções analíticas de conteúdo biogênico confiáveis, precisas e rápidas, escolha o SGS Beta.
[Entre em contato](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
Última atualização: julho de 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/idrocarburi/analisi-c14-biogenico.html)
**Published:** May 6, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Analisi del 14C su idrocarburi gassosi biogenici
Per misurare la percentuale di carbonio biogenico e la percentuale di carbonio fossile in campioni di idrocarburi gassosi/gas combustibili
[Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
L’analisi al radiocarbonio viene utilizzata per determinare il contenuto di carbonio biogenico degli idrocarburi gassosi e dei gas combustibili da co-processing ed è il test richiesto da varie norme relative ai carburanti puliti in UE, in Canada e negli USA. L’analisi isotopica è in grado di distinguere le materie prime e gli idrocarburi gassosi prodotti a partire da fonti fossili e quelli prodotti a partire da fonti moderne.
## Possiamo quantificare il contenuto biogenico di questi gas con il metodo del carbonio-14:
- Miscele o gas isolati di metano, anidride carbonica (in miscela o biogas grezzo), propano, butano ed etilene.
- Idrocarburi gassosi come biogas, gas di discarica, biometano, GNR, combustibili gassosi da co-processing, gas per la produzione di gas rinnovabile, syngas, metano geogenico, gas interstiziali, gas da termovalorizzatore, gas enterici, propano rinnovabile, combustibili a basse emissioni di carbonio, gas da bioreattore e prodotti intermedi gassosi.
## Norme analitiche per l’analisi del carbonio biogenico
- ASTM D6866 – percentuale di [carbonio biogenico](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) sul carbonio totale
- Questo servizio può includere l’analisi cromatografica completa delle miscele di gas, in conformità alle norme ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945 o EPA 3C.
NOTA: non possiamo accettare gas con concentrazioni di idrogeno solforato (H2S) superiori a 2,000 parti per milione (2,000 ppm).
Hai dei campioni da analizzare? Prima di inviare dei campioni di gas, dovrai contattare il laboratorio per completare il nostro questionario e la valutazione da parte del nostro team tecnico.[Leggi le nostre linee guida](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### Per analisi del contenuto biogenico affidabili, accurate e veloci, scegli SGS Beta.
[Contattaci](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2025
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/hydrocarbures/analyse-c14-biogenique.html)
**Published:** May 6, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Analyse C14 biogénique de gaz d’hydrocarbure
Mesure du % de carbone biogénique par rapport au % de carbone fossile dans les échantillons de gaz hydrocarbures/gaz combustibles
[Demander un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
L’analyse au radiocarbone est utilisée pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biogénique des gaz d’hydrocarbures et des gaz combustibles lors du co-traitement. Cette analyse est requise dans le cadre de diverses normes sur les carburants propres dans l’UE, au Canada et aux États-Unis. L’analyse isotopique permet de faire la distinction entre les matières premières de gaz d’hydrocarbures et les gaz produits d’origines fossiles et modernes.
## Quantifier le contenu biogénique des gaz par l’analyse du carbone 14 dans ces échantillons :
- Une composition de gaz en vrac et de gaz isolés de méthane, de dioxyde de carbone (dans un mélange ou « biogaz brut »), de propane, de butane et d’éthylène.
- Les gaz d’hydrocarbures composés de biogaz, de gaz d’enfouissement, de biométhane, de GNR, de gaz combustibles de co-traitement, de matières premières de gaz renouvelables, de gaz de synthèse, de méthane géogénique, de gaz souterrains, de gaz de valorisation énergétique des déchets, de gaz entériques, de propane renouvelable, de combustibles à faible intensité de carbone, de gaz de bioréacteurs et de gaz chimiques intermédiaires.
## Normes de rapport sur les analyses biogéniques
- ASTM D6866 – Le % [b](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)[iogénique](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) est exprimé en fraction du carbone total
- L’analyse chromatographique complète des mélanges de gaz est disponible par le biais des analyses ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945 ou EPA 3C dans le cadre de ce service.
REMARQUE: Nous ne pouvons pas accepter les compositions gazeuses dont la concentration en sulfure d’hydrogène (H2S) est supérieure à 2,000 parties par million (>2,000 ppm).
Vous êtes prêt à envoyer vos échantillons pour analyse ? Vous devez remplir le questionnaire sur les gaz combustibles avant l’acceptation de vos échantillons de gaz.[Lisez nos directives](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### Choisissez SGS Beta pour des analyses biogéniques fiables, précises et rapides.
[Nous contacter](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
Dernière mise à jour de la page: juillet 2025
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/hidrocarburos/analisis-c14-biogenico.html)
**Published:** May 5, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Análisis de contenido biogénico (carbono-14) en gases combustibles
Medición del % de carbono biogénico frente al % de carbono fósil en muestras de gas combustible.
[Solicitar un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
El análisis de radiocarbono se utiliza para determinar el contenido de carbono biogénico de gases de hidrocarburos y es requerido por varios programas de descarbonización de combustibles en la Unión Europea, Canadá y Estados Unidos. El análisis de 14C identifica el contenido de carbono de fuentes renovables, frente al carbono de origen fósil.
## ¿Qué tipo de muestras y gases podemos analizar?
- Mezclas de gases de metano, propano, butano, etileno y dióxido de carbono asociado, o estos mismos gases de hidrocarburos en su forma aislada.
- Gases de hidrocarburos compuestos por biogás, LFG (gas originado en vertederos), biometano, RNG (gas natural renovable), combustibles en estado gaseoso de plantas de coprocesamiento, materias primas renovables gaseosas, gas de síntesis, metano geogénico, gases del suelo, gases de conversión de residuos a energía, gases entéricos, propano renovable, combustibles de carbono de baja intensidad, gases de biorreactores y químicos intermedios gaseosos.
## Normas analíticas para análisis de contenido biogénico
- ASTM D6866 – El porcentaje (%) de contenido [biogénico](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) se reporta como fracción del carbono total.
- Como parte de este servicio, el análisis cromatográfico completo de las mezclas de gases está disponible a través de las normas ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945 o EPA 3C.
No podemos aceptar composiciones de gas con altas concentraciones (superiores a 2,000 ppm) de sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S).
¿Está listo para enviar sus muestras? Antes de aceptar sus muestras, debe completar nuestro cuestionario sobre gases combustibles.[Lea nuestra guía de envío](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### Elija SGS Beta para análisis de contenido biogénico precisos y rápidos.
[Contáctenos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2025
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### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/kohlenwasserstoffe/biogener-c14-test.html)
**Published:** May 5, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# 14C-Tests für Biogene Kohlenwasserstoffgase
Messung des % biogenen Kohlenstoffs im Vergleich zum % fossilen Kohlenstoff in Kohlenwasserstoff-/Brenngasproben
[Preisanfrage](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Analyse dient zur Bestimmung des biogenen Kohlenstoffgehalts von Kohlenwasserstoffen und Brenngasen bei der gemeinsamen Verarbeitung und ist die erforderliche Prüfung in verschiedenen Standards für saubere Kraftstoffe in der EU, Kanada und den USA. Die Isotopen-Analyse unterscheidet zwischen fossilen und modernen Kohlenwasserstoff-Rohstoffen und Produktgasen.
## Quantifizierung des biogenen Anteils von Gasen mittels Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse in folgenden Proben:
- Die Zusammensetzung von Gasen und isolierten Gasen in Methan, Kohlendioxid (in einem Gemisch oder “Rohbiogas”), Propan, Butan und Ethylen.
- Kohlenwasserstoffgase, die sich aus Biogas, Deponiegas, Biomethan, RNG, gasförmigen Brennstoffen aus der Mitverarbeitung, erneuerbaren Gasrohstoffen, Synthesegas, geogenem Methan, Bodengasen, Energieabfallgasen, enterale Gase, erneuerbarem Propan, kohlenstoffarmen Brennstoffen, Bioreaktorgasen und chemischen Zwischengasen zusammensetzen.
## Prüfnormen für biogene Tests
- ASTM D6866 – % [Biogen](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) wird als Anteil am Gesamtkohlenstoff ausgedrückt.
- Im Rahmen dieses Service ist eine vollständige chromatographische Analyse von Gasgemischen durch ASTM D7833-, ASTM D1945- oder EPA 3C-Tests möglich.
HINWEIS: Wir können keine Gaszusammensetzungen mit einer Konzentration von mehr als 2,000 Teilen pro Million (2,000 ppm) an Schwefelwasserstoffgas (H2S) akzeptieren.
Möchten Sie Proben zum Testen einsenden? Sie müssen den Brenngasfragebogen/die Brenngasbewertung ausfüllen, bevor wir Ihre Gasproben entgegennehmen können.[Lesen Sie unsere Richtlinien](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/shipping.html)
#### Wählen Sie SGS Beta für zuverlässige, genaue und schnelle Lösungen zur Prüfung biogener Inhaltsstoffe.
[Kontaktieren Sie Uns](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html)
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juli 2025
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### [なぜC14によって燃料や排出ガスのバイオジェニック炭素含有率を測定するのでしょうか?](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## 代替燃料の 詳細なデータ を把握します
放射性炭素(C14) 測定は燃料中のバイオジェニック炭素含有率を正確かつ高精度で決定します。 それにより代替燃料としてのバイオ燃料の対価をより高めることが可能です。 多くのプラントは予測値もしくは酸溶解法によってバイオ由来成分の含有率を決定していますが、どちらの方法も放射性炭素(C14)測定による方法より正確さおよび精度において劣る可能性があります。
## 不均質な燃料の代表値を得る
[排出CO2ガス](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html) のバイオジェニック炭素含有率試験はプラントなどより排出された全CO2ガス中のバイオ由来炭素含有率と化石燃料由来の炭素含有率を決定します。 これによって固形燃料を直接サンプリングすることによって生じる ”試料の不均質さ” の問題から解放されます。 これは、[都市廃棄物（MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), [ごみ固形燃料（RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html), [タイヤ由来燃料（TDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html) または [下水汚泥](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html)を使用するあ廃棄物発電所にとって特に価値があります。
## [さまざまな温室効果ガス規制](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html) と排出取引に適合するために
さまざまな規制に基づき報告をする際、企業は温室効果ガス排出量からバイオ由来もしくは再生可能なCO2ガスの排出量を差し引くことが可能です。それら規制のなかには、この放射性炭素(C14)試験を推奨または必須としているものがあります。 温室効果ガス、バイオ由来CO2の排出に関するさまざまな規制に適合するために、廃棄物利用エネルギー、電力、製鉄、石炭、セメントなどのバイオマス燃料と化石燃料を混合燃焼するプラントを抱える産業にとって有用な試験です。
#### ベータ・アナリティックの専門家におまかせください!
##### 迅速な試験納期 14 営業日
一年を通じて14 営業日で結果をお知らせしています。結果は、5－7営業日にご報告いたします。納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 試験報告書には品質管理レポート([Quality Assurance reports](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html))が添付されます。
##### ASTM D6866 メソッドの共同開発者です
ベータ・アナリティックは [ASTM D6866 メソッド](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) の開発者の重要な一員です。 またヨーロッパにおける規格である EN ISO 21644 および [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html) など、世界の主要なバイオベース試験規格の制定に技術アドバイザーとして貢献してきました。
##### 放射性炭素(C14)測定における世界的なリーダー
1979年以来 [ISO 17025 認定の](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) ベータ・アナリティックは放射性炭素年代測定(C14)測定における世界的なリーダーです。
##### 専門家による無料の技術相談
ベータ・アナリティックでは複雑なバイオベース試料に関して高度な知識を持つプロフェッショナルの専門家が常駐しています。そうした専門家による技術相談は無料で承っています。
##### トレーサー・フリー試験所
ベータ・アナリティックは薬物動態学関連の試料、バイオメディカル関連の試料など人工的に放射性炭素(C14)がラベルされた試料は、クロス・コンタミネーションのリスクを避けるため一切お引き受けしていません。
### あなたはカーボン・ニュートラルの燃料を使用していますか? 証明しましょう!
*信頼性が高く、正確で、納期の速い再生可能炭素の試験はベータ・アナリティックにおまかせください。* [お問い合わせ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [방사성탄소를 이용해서 연료와 배출 가스의 바이오매스 함량을 측정하는 이유](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## 대안으로 사용하고 있는 연료의 정확한 데이타 (precise data) 구하기
방사성탄소 측정으로 대안 연료 사용으로 좋은 효율성 주는 연료들의 바이오매스 함량의 정확한 데이타를 구할 수 있습니다. 현재 대부분의 공장에서는 방사성탄소 측정 방식 대신 정확성이 많이 떨어지는 산 용해 측정 방식 (acid dissolution test)을 사용하고 있습니다.
## 혼합 연료의 대표 측정 방식
[stack gas CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html)의 바이오매스 탄소 함량 측정은 실제 굴뚝에서 배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오매스 이산화탄소와 화석 기원 이산화탄소를 측정하므로 고체 연료의 시료 채취시 발생할 수 있는 시료의 대표성 문제을 해결할 수 있습니다. [도시형 고체 연료 (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), [재생 연료 (RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html), 폐 타이어 연료 (TDF) 혹은 [하수도 슬러지](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html) 를 사용하는 재생 연료 사용 기업에 특히 필요합니다.
## [greenhouse gas protocols](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html) 안 탄소 거래제에 적용
여러 나라의 규제 제도 보고 체계에서 바이오매스 혹은 탄소 중립 이산화탄소는 회사내 온실 가스 재고에서 공제 가능합니다. 여기서 대부분 이런 방사성탄소 측정 방식을 요구하거나 권장합니다. 폐연료 산업계, 발전 산업계, 석탄 발전 산업계, 제철 산업계, 시멘트 산업계 같은 많은 산업계는 규제 기관의 준수 이행 여부 확인을 위해 배출되는 바이오매스 탄소을 수량화할 필요가 대두됩니다.
#### Beta 연구소의 전문 기술의 잇점
##### 7 영업일 이내의 실험 결과 보고
Beta 연구소는 일반적으로 7 영업일 이내에 보고서를 보내드립니다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다. 모든 결과는 고품질 보증 보고서 ([Quality Assurance reports](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html)) 와 시료 사진과 더불어 온라인에 접속해서 언제 어디서든 보실 수 있습니다.
##### ASTM D6866 실험 방식의 공동 개발자
Beta 연구소는 [ASTM D6866 실험 방식의](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) 개발자로 참여했으며, 유럽 방식인 [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") 와 [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html)을 포함한 전세계 모든 바이오매스 표준화 작업을 하는 기관의 기술 자문 역할을 하고 있습니다.
##### 방사성탄소 측정 분야 세계 선두 기업
1979년 이래로 [ISO 17025-인증 업체인](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) Beta 연구소는 방사성탄소 측정 분야 세계 선두 기업입니다.
##### 전문가의 기술 자문
Beta 연구소는 바이오 연료를 포함한 복잡한 시료들에 대하여 타의 추종을 불허하는 전문 기술이 있습니다. 무제한 의 기술 자문을 대 고객 서비스의 일환으로 해드립니다.
##### 추적자 비취급 연구소
Beta 연구소는 자연 재생 탄소 측정 시 상호 교차 오염을 일을킬 수 있는 인공 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 의약품 시료들을 취급하지 않습니다.
### 바이오매스 상품인가요? 증명해 보세요!
*신속하고 고품격의 바이오 연료 실험 서비스를 원하시면 Beta 연구소를 선택하세요.* [연락처](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [Por que medir o conteúdo biogênico de combustíveis e emissões utilizando carbono 14?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## Adquira dados precisos sobre o uso de combustíveis alternativos
O carbono-14 produz dados precisos e exatos que mostram o conteúdo biogênico de combustíveis, dando um maior retorno sobre o uso de combustíveis alternativos. No momento, muitas usinas estimam esse conteúdo, ou utilizam teste de dissolução com ácido para determinar a fração biogênica. Ambos esses métodos podem ser muito menos precisos do que o método com C14.
## Obtenha uma medição representativa para combustíveis heterogêneos
A análise de carbono biogênico em gás de chaminé determina as frações de CO2 derivado de biomassa e de combustíveis fósseis no CO2 total de escape de gás de fontes estacionárias. Essa determinação contribui para resolver questões de representatividade em amostragens de combustíveis sólidos. Isso é especialmente importante para usinas de valorização energética de resíduos que processam [resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/residuos-solidos-municipais.html), [combustíveis derivados de resíduos (CDR)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html), [combustíveis derivados de pneusou lodo de esgoto](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-pneus.html).
## Respeitar os protocolos de gases de efeito estufa e as negociações de emissões de carbono
CO2 de chaminé biogênico ou neutro de carbono pode ser dedutível do inventário corporativo de gases do efeito estufa, cuja reportagem é exigida por várias [regulamentações](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/determinacao-biomassa.html), algumas das quais recomendam ou requerem medições com base em datações por carbono-14. Muitas indústrias, tais como as de energia gerada por resíduos, de geração de eletricidade, co-combustão de carvão, aço, cimento e cal precisam quantificar o seu dióxido de carbono biogênico (CO2) para a conformidade regulatória.
#### Aproveite as vantagens oferecidas pelo Beta Analytic!
##### Resultados de testes em apenas 7 dias úteis
O laboratório fornece relatórios em até 7 dias úteis. Dispõe também de serviço prioritário com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Os resultados podem ser acessados online 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, e incluem [relatórios de controle de qualidade](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) fotos da amostra.
##### Co-desenvolvedores do método ASTM D6866
O laboratório foi um dos principais desenvolvedores do [método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) e serviu como consultor técnico para todas as principais iniciativas de normatização de produtos biobaseados em todo o mundo, inclusive as normas [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") e [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/iso-13833.html).
##### Líder mundial em medições de carbono-14
Desde 1979, o Beta Analytic, [acreditado pela ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html), é líder mundial em medições de carbono-14.
##### Consultas técnicas gratuitas com nossos especialistas
O Beta Analytic tem experiência inigualável com amostras biobaseadas complexas.
##### Laboratório livre de marcadores
O laboratório não aceita amostras farmacêuticas que contenham carbono-14 artificial, que pode causar contaminação nas medições de carbono biobaseado.
### Seus combustíveis são neutros em carbono? Prove!
*Escolha o Beta Analytic para análises de carbono renovável rápidas, confiáveis e de alta qualidade.* [ENTRE EM CONTATO](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html)
---
### [Perché misurare il contenuto biogenico di combustibili ed emissioni con il carbonio-14?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## Per acquisire dati precisi sull’uso dei combustibili alternativi
Il carbonio-14 fornisce dati precisi e accurati sul contenuto biogenico dei combustibili, permettendo così di dichiarare una quota maggiore di combustibili alternativi. Per determinare la frazione biogenica dei combustibili, diversi impianti fanno delle stime o utilizzano il test della dissoluzione acida: entrambi questi metodi possono essere molto meno accurati dell’analisi al carbonio-14.
## Per ottenere una misurazione rappresentativa dei combustibili eterogenei
Attraverso l’analisi del carbonio biogenico sui [gas di scarico (CO2)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html) è possibile determinare le frazioni derivate da biomassa e da combustibili fossili della CO2 totale emessa da fonti stazionarie, risolvendo così il problema della rappresentatività dei campioni di combustibili fossili. Questo sistema è di particolare utilità per gli impianti di conversione energetica dei rifiuti che utilizzano [rifiuti solidi urbani](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/rifiuti-solidi-urbani.html), [combustibili derivati da rifiuti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-rifiuti.html), [combustibili derivati da pneumatici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-pneumatici.html) o fanghi di depurazione.
## Per garantire il rispetto dei [protocolli relativi ai gas serra](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/determinazione-biomassa.html) e al mercato delle emissioni
La CO2 biogenica o a impatto zero può essere detratta dalla dichiarazione dei gas serra, richiesta da diverse normative, alcune delle quali raccomandano o richiedono che la misurazione venga effettuata con il metodo del carbonio-14. Diverse industrie, tra cui waste-to-energy (energy-from-waste), generazione di energia elettrica, co-combustione di carbone, acciaio, cemento e calce, hanno bisogno di misurare l’anidride carbonica (CO2) biogenica emessa per motivi di conformità alle normative.
#### I vantaggi dell’esperienza di Beta Analytic
##### Risultati in soli 7 giorni lavorativi
Il laboratorio consegna regolarmente i risultati in soli 7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. I risultati possono essere consultati online 24/7 e includono [report di Garanzia di Qualità](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) e foto dei campioni.
##### Co-sviluppatore del metodo ASTM D6866
Il laboratorio ha fatto parte degli sviluppatori del [metodo ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) ed è stato consulente tecnico per tutte le maggiori iniziative di standardizzazione del mondo, inclusi i metodi europei [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") e [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/iso-13833.html).
##### Leader mondiale nella misurazione del carbonio-14
Dal 1979, il laboratorio [certificato ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) di Beta Analytic è leader mondiale nella misurazione del carbonio-14.
##### Consulenza tecnica gratuita da parte dei nostri esperti
Beta Analytic ha un’esperienza senza pari nell’analisi di campioni biobased complessi. Il nostro servizio include una consulenza tecnica gratuita e illimitata.
##### Laboratorio tracer-free
Il laboratorio non accetta campioni farmaceutici contenenti carbonio-14 artificiale, che possono produrre una contaminazione incrociata dei campioni biobased.
### Utilizzi combustibili a impatto zero? Provalo!
*Scegli Beta Analytic per analisi del carbonio rinnovabile rapide, affidabili e di alta qualità.*[CONTATTI](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
---
### [Pourquoi mesurer le contenu biogénique des combustibles et des émissions de CO2 à l'aide du carbone 14 ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable.html)
**Published:** August 7, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## Acquérir des données précises sur l’utilisation des combustibles alternatifs
L’analyse du carbone 14 procure des données précises et exactes qui indiquent le contenu biogène des combustibles, et donnent un rendement supérieur sur l’utilisation des combustibles alternatifs. Beaucoup d’usines font actuellement une estimation de leur fraction biogène ou utilisent un test de dissolution acide pour déterminer leur fraction biogène, méthodes qui peuvent se révéler bien moins exactes que la méthode C14.
## Obtenir une mesure représentative pour les combustibles hétérogènes
La réalisation du test de carbone biogène sur des échantillons [de gaz CO2 de cheminée](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html) permet de déterminer les fractions de dioxyde de carbone (C02) dérivées de la biomasse et de combustibles fossiles dans le CO2 total rejeté à partir des gaz de combustion provenant de sources fixes, ce qui permet de surmonter les problèmes de représentativité lors de l’échantillonnage des combustibles solides. Cela est particulièrement important pour les usines de valorisation énergétique des [déchets qui utilisent des déchets municipaux](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/dechets-solides-municipaux.html), [des combustibles dérivés des déchets](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-dechets.html), [des combustibles dérivés de pneumatiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-pneus.html) ou des boues d’épuration.
## [Respecter les protocoles de gaz à effet de serre](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/determination-biomasse.html) et l’échange de quotas d’émissions carbone
Le CO2 des gaz de cheminée biogène ou neutre en carbone est déductible de l’inventaire des gaz à effet de serre d’une entreprise requis pour l’établissement des rapports dans le cadre de plusieurs réglementations, dont certaines recommandent ou demandent ces mesures basées sur la datation au carbone 14. Beaucoup d’industries telles que l’industrie de transformation des déchets en énergie, production d’électricité, co-combustion du charbon, acier, ciment et chaux doivent quantifier leurs émissions en dioxyde de carbone (CO2) biogène pour se conformer à la réglementation.
#### Profitez de l’expertise de Beta Analytic !
##### Résultats dès 7 jours ouvrés
Le laboratoire communique les résultats en 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Les résultats sont accessibles en ligne à tout moment, accompagnés des [rapports d’assurance qualité](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/lab-qa.html) et de photos des échantillons.
##### Co-développeurs de la méthode ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic est l’un des principaux développeurs de la méthode [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) et a servi de conseiller technique pour toutes les initiatives de normalisation biosourcées dans le monde, y compris les méthodes européennes [EN ISO 21644](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/en-iso-21644.html "EN ISO 21644") et [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/iso-13833.html).
##### Leader mondial en mesures carbone 14
Depuis 1979, le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité [ISO 17025](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) est le leader mondial en mesures carbone-14.
##### Consultation technique gratuite de nos experts
Beta Analytic a une expérience inégalée avec les échantillons renouvelables complexes. Nos services incluent une consultation technique gratuite et illimitée.
##### Laboratoire exempt de traceur
Beta Analytic n’accepte pas les échantillons pharmaceutiques contenant du carbone 14 artificiel afin d’éviter tout risque de contamination croisée avec les mesures de carbone renouvelable.
### Vous utilisez des combustibles neutres en carbone? Prouvez-le!
*Choisissez Beta Analytic pour des analyses du carbone renouvelable rapides, fiables et de haute qualité !*[CONTACTEZ-NOUS](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html)
---
### [Generating Energy from Sewage Sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html)
**Published:** July 24, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Sewage sludge can be a source of renewable energy
- Sludge isn’t 100% biomass and would need **ASTM D6866 testing** according to the Western Climate Initiative
- Beta Analytic provides accurate ASTM D6866 testing to companies that incinerate sewage sludge
Sewage sludge is treated to make it safe for agricultural application. Treated sewage sludge produces nutrient-rich biosolids, which are principally used as soil fertilizer. Biosolids and the dried untreated form of sewage sludge are also used as alternative fuels. They are usually co-fired with other fuels like coal, municipal solid waste, wood waste, and agricultural waste. Not all sewage sludge, however, can be incinerated to produce energy. The water content and high levels of inert materials in sludge make its net fuel value relatively low.
---
## ASTM D6866 Testing on Sludge
The Western Climate Initiative considers dried sewage sludge as a waste-derived fuel. As such, operators of general stationary combustion units using sewage sludge as fuel are required to **measure the biogenic carbon content** of their emissions using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html). Like other waste-derived fuels, **sewage sludge is not 100% biomass**. Shampoos, detergents, and other substances derived from fossil fuels that are present in domestic waste make sewage sludge a heterogeneous fuel.
Studies on Sewage Sludge and its Non-biomass Components:
Walter Giger *et al.*, 4-Nonylphenol in Sewage Sludge: Accumulation of Toxic Metabolites from Nonionic Surfactants. *Science* **225**, 623-625(1984). DOI: 10.1126/science.6740328
McEvoy, J., Giger, W. Accumulation of linear alkylbenzenesulphonate surfactants in sewage sludges. *Naturwissenschaften* **72**, 429–431 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404885
## Other Alternative Fuels
[Refuse-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "ASTM Method D6866 testing on waste-derived fuels")
[Municipal Solid Waste ](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "ASTM D6866 testing of waste incineration")
[Tire-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "burning tires and ASTM D6866")
## Beta Analytic: ASTM D6866 Testing Provider
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic in Miami, Florida, provides ASTM D6866 testing to companies that incinerate 100% sludge or co-fires it with other materials. Test results can be accessed by clients online via a secured page. Beta Analytic’s recommended sewage sludge sample size can be found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "ASTM D6866 sample requirements").
---
### [Standard europei per tensioattivi, solventi e lubrificanti biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-biobased-standard.html)
**Published:** January 23, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
In risposta ai mandati M/430 e M/491 della Commissione Europea, il Comitato europeo di normazione (CEN) ha sviluppato le seguenti norme. [Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
## EN 16807 per lubrificanti biobased
Lo standard europeo EN 16807 stabilisce i requisiti e i criteri relativi ai lubrificanti biobased. Include la definizione del termine “biolubrificante” e descrive brevemente i metodi analitici utili alla caratterizzazione di questi prodotti.
Per quanto riguarda la misurazione del carbonio biobased, EN 16807 fa riferimento agli standard[ ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html) e[ EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html)
![]()
**EU Ecolabel per i lubrificanti**
La EU Ecolabel della Commissione Europea ha specificato che i lubrificanti definiti “biobased” o “biolubrificanti” devono contenere almeno il 25% di carbonio biobased. Il contenuto di carbonio biobased deve essere misurato in conformità con EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o EN 16785-1. Questi criteri per i lubrificanti saranno validi fino al 31 dicembre 2024.
Il sistema volontario Ecolabel UE è valido in tutta l’Unione europea, in Norvegia, in Islanda e in Liechtenstein.
Fonti:
[Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807:2016 – Liquid petroleum products – Bio-lubricants – Criteria and requirements of bio-lubricants and bio-based lubricants (acquistabile online)
## EN 16766 per solventi biobased
Il CEN ha sviluppato per la prima volta lo standard CEN/TS 16766 per solventi biobased nel 2015 e l’ha successivamente sostituito con la norma europea EN 16766:2017. La norma indica i requisiti per i solventi biobased in termini di contenuto biobased, proprietà tecniche e metodi di analisi.
Inoltre, lo standard europeo EN 16766:
– specifica diverse classi di solventi sulla base del contenuto di carbonio biobased, che sarà determinato come descritto nelle norme EN 16640 o EN 16785-1; e
– stabilisce quali informazioni devono essere fornite riguardo alla sostenibilità dei solventi biobased.
Per i dettagli, acquistare una copia della norma: EN 16766:2017 – Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods.
## **EN 17035 per tensioattivi biobased**
La norma EN 17035:2021 stabilisce i requisiti per i tensioattivi biobased in termini di proprietà, limiti, classi di applicazione e metodi di analisi. Indica inoltre le procedure raccomandate per il campionamento di varie forme di tensioattivi (ad esempio, solidi anidri, paste, gel, liquidi).
Include un sistema di classificazione, basato sul contenuto di carbonio biobased del tensioattivo, per chiarire la denominazione utilizzata nel settore. Il contenuto di carbonio biobased deve essere misurato in conformità con EN 16640, EN 16785-1 o EN 16785-2.
La norma EN 17035 permette di riportare la classificazione e la percentuale di carbonio biobased sulle etichette dei prodotti.
Cosa sono i tensioattivi biobased?**
EN 17035 descrive i tensioattivi biobased come tensioattivi che derivano completamente o parzialmente da biomassa, prodotti per mezzo di processi chimici o biotecnologici.
Ulteriori dettagli sono disponibili qui: EN 17035:2021 – Surface Active Agents – Bio-based surfactants – Requirements and test methods (acquistabile online).
## Test del carbonio biobased di alta qualità
Beta Analytic fornisce analisi del contenuto di carbonio biobased rapide e di alta qualità, secondo tutti gli standard sopra citati, ad eccezione di EN 16785-2. Per richieste e preventivi, contattare il laboratorio utilizzando[ questo modulo.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html)
Nel corso degli anni, il laboratorio, accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ha sostenuto l’industria biobased europea fornendo analisi del radiocarbonio a livello professionale, in conformità con diverse norme CEN. Continuerà a migliorare i propri servizi per soddisfare le esigenze dell’industria biobased.
Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2024*
---
### [Normes européennes pour les lubrifiants, solvants et tensioactifs biosourcés](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-normes-biosourcees.html)
**Published:** January 23, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
En réponse aux mandats M / 430 et M / 491 de la Commission européenne, le Comité européen de normalisation (CEN) a élaboré les normes suivantes. [Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
## Norme EN 16807 pour les lubrifiants biosourcés
La norme européenne EN 16807 définit les exigences et les critères pour les lubrifiants biosourcés. Elle spécifie le terme « bio-lubrifiant » et décrit brièvement les exigences des méthodes d’analyse relatives à sa caractérisation.
Pour les mesures de la teneur en carbone biosourcé, la norme EN 16807 référence les normes d’analyse [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html) et [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html)
![]()
**Ecolabel européen pour les lubrifiants**
L’écolabel européen de la Commission européenne a spécifié une teneur minimale en carbone biosourcé de 25% pour les lubrifiants en utilisant les termes « biosourcé » ou « biolubrifiant ». La teneur en carbone biosourcé sera mesurée selon les normes EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN / TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1. Ce critère pour les lubrifiants reste valable jusqu’au 31 décembre 2024.
L’ écolabel de l’UE est un programme volontaire valable dans toute l’Union européenne, en Norvège, en Islande et au Liechtenstein.
Sources :
[Décision (UE) 2018/1702 de la Commission établissant les critères de l’écolabel de l’UE pour les lubrifiants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807: 2016 – Produits pétroliers liquides – Biolubrifiants – Critères et exigences des biolubrifiants et des lubrifiants biosourcés (disponible en ligne moyennant des frais)
## La norme EN 16766 pour les solvants biosourcés
Le CEN a élaboré pour la première fois la norme CEN / TS 16766 pour les solvants biosourcés en 2015. Cette norme a finalement été remplacée par la norme européenne EN 16766: 2017. Elle définit des exigences pour les solvants biosourcés en termes de contenu biosourcé, de propriétés techniques et de méthodes d’analyse.
La norme européenne EN 16766 :
- spécifie des classes de solvants en fonction de la teneur en carbone biosourcé, qui sera déterminée comme décrite dans les normes EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1 ; et
- fixe les exigences relatives aux informations à fournir concernant les aspects de durabilité des solvants biosourcés.
Pour plus de renseignements, vous pouvez acheter une copie de la norme EN 16766:2017 – Solvants biosourcés – Exigences et méthodes d’analyse.
## **Norme EN 17035 pour les tensioactifs biosourcés**
La spécification technique EN 17035: 2021 définit les exigences pour les tensioactifs d’origine biosourcée en termes de propriétés, limites, classes d’application et méthodes d’analyse. Elle recommande également des procédures de sous-échantillonnage pour différentes formes de tensioactifs (par exemple solide sec, pâte, gel, liquides).
Elle comprend un système de classification basé sur la teneur en carbone biosourcé du tensioactif pour clarifier la dénomination utilisée dans l’industrie. Les mesures de teneur en carbone biosourcé seront effectuées selon les normes EN 16640, EN 16785-1 ou EN 16785-2.
La norme EN 17035 permet d’inclure la classification et le pourcentage de teneur en carbone biosourcé sur les étiquettes des produits.
Que sont les tensioactifs biosourcés?**
La norme EN 17035 définit un tensioactif biosourcé comme étant un tensioactif dérivé en tout ou en partie de la biomasse produite soit par traitement chimique ou biotechnologique.
Plus de renseignements disponibles ici EN 17035 – Agents de surface – Tensioactifs biosourcés – Exigences et méthodes d’essais (disponible en ligne moyennant des frais).
## **Analyses de la teneur en carbone biosourcé de haute qualité**
Beta Analytic fournit des analyses de la teneur en carbone biosourcé rapides et de haute qualité conformément à toutes les normes susmentionnées, sauf la norme EN 16785-2. Pour obtenir des renseignements sur les tarifs et les délais, veuillez utiliser ce [formulaire](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html).
Au fil des ans, le laboratoire accrédité ISO / IEC 17025: 2017 a soutenu l’industrie biosourcée européenne en fournissant des analyses professionnelles du radiocarbone telles que décrites dans les différentes normes CEN. Le laboratoire continue d’améliorer ses services afin de répondre aux besoins de l’industrie biosourcée.
Dernière mise à jour de la page: juin 2024*
---
### [Normas Europeas para lubricantes, solventes y surfactantes de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica/cen-normas-basebiologica.html)
**Published:** January 22, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
En respuesta a los mandatos M/430 y M/491 de la Comisión Europea, el Comité Europeo de Normalización (CEN) desarrolló las siguientes normas. [Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
## Norma EN 16807 para lubricantes de base biológica
La norma europea EN 16807 establece los requisitos y criterios para lubricantes de base biológica. La norma define el término “biolubricante” y describe brevemente los métodos de prueba requeridos para su caracterización.
Para mediciones de contenido de base biológica, la norma EN 16807 cita las normas analíticas [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html) y [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html)
![]()
**Etiqueta Ecológica de la Unión Europea para lubricantes**
La Etiqueta Ecológica de la Unión Europea establece un contenido de carbono de base biológica mínimo del 25% para los lubricantes etiquetados como “de base biológica” o “biolubricantes”. El contenido de base biológica debe medirse conforme a las normas EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o EN 16785-1. Este criterio para lubricantes está vigente hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2024.
La Etiqueta Ecológica de la Unión Europea es un programa voluntario válido en la Unión Europea, Noruega, Islandia y Liechtenstein.
Fuentes:
[Decisión de la Comisión Europea (EU) 2018/1702 que establece los criterios de la Etiqueta Ecológica de la Unión Europea para lubricantes](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807:2016 – Productos líquidos derivados del petróleo – Biolubricantes – Criterios y requisitos para biolubricantes y lubricantes de base biológica (disponible en línea pagando una cuota)
## Norma EN 16766 para solventes de base biológica
El CEN desarrolló la norma CEN/TS 16766 originalmente en 2015, siendo eventualmente reemplazada por la norma europea EN 16766:2017. La norma establece los requisitos para solventes de base biológica en lo que respecta a su contenido de base biológica, sus propiedades técnicas y los métodos de prueba.
La norma europea EN 16766 también establece lo siguiente:
– Especifica categorías de solventes con base en el contenido de carbono de base biológica, el cual debe determinarse siguiendo los métodos establecidos en las normas EN 16640 o EN 16785-1;
– Establece requisitos de provisión de información con respecto a los aspectos de sustentabilidad de los solventes de base biológica
Para más detalles, por favor adquiera una copia de la norma EN 16766:2017 – Solventes de base biológica – Requisitos y métodos de prueba.
## **Norma EN 17035 para tensioactivos de base biológica**
La norma EN 17035:2021 establece requisitos para tensioactivos de base biológica con respecto a sus propiedades, límites, categorías de aplicación y métodos analíticos. También recomienda procedimientos de submuestreo para varios tipos de tensioactivos (por ejemplo sólidos secos, pastas, gel o líquidos).
Incluye un sistema de clasificación basado en el contenido de carbono biobasado del tensioactivo para identificar las distintas denominaciones utilizadas en la industria. El análisis de contenido en carbono biobasado se realizará de acuerdo a los estándares EN 16640, EN 16785-1 o EN 16785-2.
La norma EN 17035 permite incluir la clasificación y el porcentaje de contenido biobasado en las etiquetas de los productos.
¿Qué son los tensioactivos de base biológica?**
La norma EN 17035 describe los tensioactivos de base biológica como tensioactivos derivados completa o parcialmente de biomasa producida mediante procesamiento químico o biotecnológico.
Podrá encontrar más detalles en EN 17035:2021 – Surface Active Agents – Bio-based surfactants – Requirements and test methods (disponible en línea previo pago).
## **Análisis de alta calidad de contenido de carbono de base biológica**
Beta Analytic ofrece análisis rápidos y de alta calidad de contenido de carbono de base biológica, conforme a las normas mencionadas anteriormente, con excepción de la norma EN 16785-2. Para consultas sobre precios y tiempos de entrega, por favor utilice este [formulario.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html)
A lo largo de los años, el laboratorio, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ha apoyado a la industria de base biológica europea ofreciendo análisis profesionales de radiocarbono tal como se describen en las diferentes normas CEN. El laboratorio continuará mejorando sus servicios para satisfacer las necesidades de la industria de base biológica.
Última actualización de la página: Junio de 2024*
---
### [Europäische Normen für biobasierte Schmiermittel, Lösemittel und Tenside](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-biobasierte-entwickelt.html)
**Published:** January 22, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
In Reaktion auf die Mandate der Europäischen Kommission M/430 und M/491 hat das Europäische Komitee für Normung (CEN) die folgenden Normen entwickelt. [Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
## EN 16807 für biobasierte Schmierstoffe
Die europäische Norm EN 16807 legt die Anforderungen und Kriterien für biobasierte Schmierstoffe fest. Es spezifiziert den Begriff „Bio-Schmierstoff“ und beschreibt kurz die relevanten Anforderungen an die Prüfmethode hinsichtlich ihrer Charakterisierung.
Für Messungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteils verweist EN 16807 auf die Analysestandards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) und [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html)
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**EU-Umweltsiegel für Schmierstoffe**
Im EU-Umweltsiegel der Europäischen Kommission ist ein Kohlenstoffgehalt auf biologischer Basis von mindestens 25% für Schmierstoffe festgelegt, die als „biobasiert“ oder „Bioschmierstoff“ deklariert werden. Der biobasierte Kohlenstoffgehalt wird gemäß EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 oder EN 16785-1 gemessen. Dieses Kriterium für Schmierstoffe gilt bis zum 31. Dezember 2024.
Das EU-Umweltsiegel ist ein freiwilliges System, das in der gesamten Europäischen Union, in Norwegen, Island und Liechtenstein gültig ist.
Quellen:
[Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807:2016 – Liquid petroleum products – Bio-lubricants – Criteria and requirements of bio-lubricants and bio-based lubricants (available online for a fee)
## EN 16766 für biobasierte Lösemittel
Das CEN entwickelte 2015 erstmals CEN/TS 16766 für biobasierte Lösemittel, das schließlich durch die europäische Norm EN 16766: 2017 abgelöst wurde. Die Norm legt Anforderungen an biobasierte Lösungsmittel in Bezug auf ihren biobasierten Gehalt, ihre technischen Eigenschaften und Prüfmethoden fest.
Der europäische Standard EN 16766:
– legt Lösemittelklassen basierend auf dem biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt fest, der gemäß den Normen EN 16640 oder EN 16785-1 bestimmt wird und
– legt Anforderungen an die Bereitstellung von Informationen zu den Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten biobasierter Lösungsmittel fest.
Beziehen Sie für Einzelheiten bitte eine Kopie der Norm EN 16766:2017 – Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods.
## EN 17035 für biobasierte Tenside
Der EN 17035:2021 Standard legt Anforderungen an biobasierte Tenside in Bezug auf Eigenschaften, Grenzwerte, Anwendungsklassen und Prüfmethoden fest. Es wird auch eine Teilbeprobung für verschiedene Formen von Tensiden empfohlen (z.B. trockener Feststoff, Paste, Gel, Flüssigkeiten).
Er enthält ein Klassifizierungssystem, das auf dem biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt des Tensids basiert, um die in der Industrie verwendete Namensgebung zu klären. Die Messungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts werden gemäß den Normen EN 16640, EN 16785-1 oder EN 16785-2 durchgeführt.
EN 17035 erlaubt die Aufnahme der Klassifizierung und des Prozentsatzes des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts auf Produktetiketten.
Was sind biobasierte Tenside?**
EN 17035 beschreibt ein biobasiertes Tensid als ein Tensid, das ganz oder teilweise aus Biomasse gewonnen wird, die entweder durch chemische oder biotechnologische Verarbeitung hergestellt wird.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in EN 17035 – Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe – Bio-basierte Tenside – Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren (online gegen Gebühr erhältlich).
## Qualitativ hochwertige Prüfung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteils
Beta Analytic bietet schnelle und qualitativ hochwertige Prüfungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts gemäß allen oben genannten Standards mit Ausnahme von EN 16785-2. Für Anfragen zu Preisen und Bearbeitungszeiten, nutzen Sie bitte dieses [Formular](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html).
Im Laufe der Jahre hat unser ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 akkreditiertes Labor die biobasierte Industrie in Europa durch professionelle Radiokohlenstoffanalysen unterstützt, wie in verschiedenen CEN-Normen beschrieben. Unser Labor wird seine Dienstleistungen weiter verbessern, um den Anforderungen der biobasierten Industrie gerecht zu werden.
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juni 2024*
---
### [European Standards for Bio-based Lubricants, Solvents and Surfactants](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-bio-based-standards.html)
**Published:** December 25, 2019
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
In response to the European Commission’s mandates M/430 and M/491, the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) developed the following standards. [Request a quote](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
## EN 16807 for Bio-based Lubricants
European standard EN 16807 sets the requirements and criteria for bio-based lubricants. It specifies the term “bio-lubricant” and briefly describes relevant test method needs with respect to its characterization.
For biobased carbon content measurements, EN 16807 references analytical standards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) and [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html)
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**EU Ecolabel for Lubricants**
The European Commission’s EU Ecolabel has specified a minimum bio-based carbon content of 25% for lubricants using the terms “bio-based” or “bio-lubricant”. The bio-based carbon content will be measured according to EN 16807, ASTM D6866, CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 or EN 16785-1. This criteria for lubricants remains valid until December 31, 2024.
The EU Ecolabel is a voluntary scheme valid throughout the European Union, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.
Sources:
[Commission Decision (EU) 2018/1702 establishing the EU Ecolabel criteria for lubricants](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG)
EN 16807:2016 – Liquid petroleum products – Bio-lubricants – Criteria and requirements of bio-lubricants and bio-based lubricants (available online for a fee)
## EN 16766 for Bio-based Solvents
The CEN first developed CEN/TS 16766 for bio-based solvents in 2015, which was eventually superseded by European standard EN 16766:2017. The standard sets requirements for bio-based solvents in terms of their bio-based content, their technical properties and test methods.
European standard EN 16766 also:
– specifies solvent classes based on the bio-based carbon content, which will be determined as described under standards EN 16640 or EN 16785-1; and
– sets requirements on information to be provided regarding the sustainability aspects of bio-based solvents.
For details, please purchase a copy of EN 16766:2017 – Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods.
## EN 17035 for Bio-based Surfactants
The EN 17035:2021 standard sets requirements for bio-based surfactants in terms of properties, limits, application classes and test methods. It also recommends sub-sampling procedures for various forms of surfactants (e.g. dry solid, paste, gel, liquids).
It includes a classification system based on the bio-based carbon content of the surfactant to clarify naming used in the industry. The bio-based carbon content measurements will be done according to standards EN 16640, EN 16785-1 or EN 16785-2.
EN 17035 allows inclusion of the classification and bio-based carbon content percentage on product labels.
**What are Bio-based Surfactants?**
EN 17035 describes a bio-based surfactant as a surfactant that is wholly or partly derived from biomass produced either by chemical or biotechnological processing.
More details can be found in EN 17035:2021 – Surface Active Agents – Bio-based surfactants – Requirements and test methods (available online for a fee).
## High-Quality Bio-based Carbon Content Testing
Beta Analytic provides rapid, high-quality bio-based carbon content testing according to all aforementioned standards except EN 16785-2. For inquiries on prices and lab turnaround time, please use this [form.](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
Over the years, the ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited lab has supported Europe’s bio-based industry by providing professional radiocarbon analysis as described in various CEN standards. The lab will continue to improve its services to meet the needs of the bio-based industry.
*Page Last Updated: June 2024*
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### [ASTM D6866を利用した再生可能炭素含有量の測定](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866試験は固体・液体燃料およびその燃焼排気ガス中の生物起源炭素含有量を測定します。
- 炭素クレジットやカーボンオフセット戦略のための精確なモニタリング及び検証ツールです。
- ベータ・アナリティック社はお客様の規制適合、イニシアチブの活用がより有利に行えるようASTM D6866試験をご提供いたします。
- [お見積りはこちらから](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "お見積りはこちらから")
## ASTM D6866試験とは
ASTM D6866試験は、放射性炭素年代測定法を利用した固体・液体・気体試料中の生物起源炭素濃度を決定する標準規格です。 試験方法として、液体シンチレーション計測(LSC)、加速器質量分析(AMS)、同位体比質量分析(IRMS)が挙げられます。
この標準規格をASTM D6866-04、 ASTM D6866-04a、ASTM D6866-05、ASTM D6866-06、ASTM D6866-06a、ASTM D6866-10、ASTM D6866-11、ASTM D6866-12、ASTM D6866-16、ASTM D6866-18、ASTM D6866-20、ASTM D6866-21、あるいはASTM D6866-22として言及するプロトコルやオフィシャルレポートもあるかもしれません。現在有効な標準規格のバージョンは、2024年2月に施行されたASTM D6866-24です。
ASTM D6866標準規格は2004年に完成し、現在Federal Law (7 CFR part 2902)に記載されています。 この規格によって連邦政府preferred procurement リストに含まれる製造品目が指定されています。 つまり連邦政府関係機関が製品中の再生可能バイオマス濃度の最も高い製品（プラスチックや他の化石起源物質に対して）を調達するという法令を満たすように、アメリカ農業省の要請によりこの標準規格が作成されました（2002年農業法案により:2002 Farm Bill）。 この標準規格は製造業者から申請された再生可能炭素濃度の検証に必要とされました。 放射性炭素年代測定の手法をそのまま応用することが可能でしたが、アメリカ農業省は規制政策として取り入れるため、技術および報告の規格化を必要としていました。
[(公式 ASTM D6866 ウェブサイト:英語のみ)](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## ASTM D6866試験の原理
ASTM D6866試験では有機物質中に存在する天然レベルの放射性炭素を測定します。 天然レベルの極微量な放射能を持つ放射性炭素(C14)は全ての生命体に一定のレベルで存在しています。 原生のバイオマスは基準値に対して100％放射性炭素を含有しますが、化石起源燃料には放射性炭素が存在しません。（基準値に対して0％） ASTM D6866試験ではこの相違を利用し化石起源CO2に対するバイオマス起源CO2の割合を決定します。 この方法は燃焼活動や微生物活動に由来する炭酸ガスおよびメタンガスに存在するバイオマス起源CO2の定量に利用されていました。1
## 簡単かつ精確な試験方法
化石起源CO2排ガスに対するカーボンニュートラルCO22排ガスの比の正確な移動平均を求めるためにはガス・フロー・コントローラーを既設の連続排ガス監視システム（CEMS）の排気口に接続し、排出ガスをサンプリング・測定することが必要です。 混焼プラントの燃料マテリアルは日々異なるため、バイオマス起源炭素比はサンプリング期間における代表値（平均値）で示されます。 事前に燃料を切断・分類・計量するという工程は必要ありません。 排ガスの直接測定という最終段階での分析を行うため、燃料の切断・分類・計量による前段階での推測という手法よりも精確でシンプルな結果が得られます。 Institute of Clean Air Companies（ICAC）が、ASTM D6866試験が温室効果ガス試験において果たす役割について調査・評価を行いました。
すべての測定結果はひとつの数値(%)で表されます。 つまり規制・財政機関はモニタリングや炭素トレードのために、この数値を評価するだけでよいのです。
ASTM D6866試験結果により総発熱量（エネルギー/熱）を評価するための研究が現在行われています。英国Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) および米国 Renewable Energy Associationによる試験的研究が計画されています。
## ASTM D6866の重要性
各企業は、[ASTM D6866試験結果](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html "ASTM D6866 result sample")より２つの利益を得ることができます。 まず各国の規制にもよりますが、温室効果ガス排出量の削減のためにASTM D6866試験結果を利用することができます。 また「排出量取引制度：cap-and-trade program」が実施されている国では、ASTM D6866試験結果によりさらに炭素クレジットを取得することが可能です。
例えば、50％ワラ、50％石炭を燃焼している混焼プラントを稼動している企業では、50％の温室効果ガス排出量削減が可能です。 ワラを燃焼させることにより発生する二酸化炭素は、カーボンニートラルCO2であるため、温室効果ガス排出量から差し引くことができます。 温暖化ガス排出レベルが削減されれば、企業は各規制を満たすことができますし、また排出量取引制度が実施されている国では炭素クレジットを取得することもできます。
現在ASTM D6866試験は、温室効果ガスプロトコルで義務づけられている不均一燃料やその排出CO2の生物起源（バイオマス）分画の測定に利用されています。 この標準規格は米国、オーストラリア、ヨーロッパの報告における規約に取り入れられています。 ASTM D6866試験と同内容の (2008年) は、欧州連合取引制度(European Union Emission Trading Scheme)においてごみ固形燃料のモニタリングに利用されています。
欧州連合（EU）では、他のタイプの不均一燃料のモニタリングにもASTM D6866試験の利用を許可しています。オーストラリア政府は混合燃料へのASTM D6866試験の利用を同様に推奨しています。英国再生可能エネルギー証書プログラム（Renewable Obligation Certificate program）ではバイオマスエネルギー製品のモニタリングとしてこの標準規格を検討しています。また廃棄物処理に関する国連クリーン開発メカニズム：United Nations Clean Development Mechanismにもすでに取り入れられています。
## Beta Analytic
ベータ・アナリティック社はフロリダ州マイアミに拠点をおく世界で唯一のISO/IEC 17025:2017認証ASTM D6866分析機関で、お客様が各規制を満たすことができるよう精確で信頼性の高いASTM D6866試験サービスをご提供しております。 当社はロンドンにオフィスがありますので、ヨーロッパからのお客様はロンドンオフィスへお問い合わせください。また日本、中国にも代理店を構えておりますので、日本・中国からのお客様にもよりよいサービスをご提供いたします。
(参考文献）
1\. Mook, W. G. (The Effect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, on the 13C and 14C Content of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide:英語のみ). RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. (Anthropogenic Influence on the 14C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study:英語のみ） . RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
*最終更新：2024年7月*
---
### [ASTM D6866 실험으로 바이오 매스 함량 측정하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866 은 고체, 액체, 기체의 다양한 상태의 샘플에서 바이오 매스 함량을 측정합니다.
- 이 실험 방식은 탄소 배출 거래 제도에서 증명 수단으로서 가장 정확한 방법입니다.
- Beta 연구소는 여러 기업들이 강제 규정을 준수하고, 이익이 되게 하기 위해 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공하고 있습니다.
- [견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")
## ASTM D6866 의 원리
ASTM D6866은 방사성탄소 분석 기법을 이용해 고체, 액체, 기체의 다양한 상태의 샘플에서 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 표준 실험 방법으로 다음과 같은 기기를 사용하고 있습니다. Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC), Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS).
ASTM D6866은 2004년에 처음 채택된 이후 계속 개정되어 왔습니다. 일부 공식 보고서에는 ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21, ASTM D6866-22등이 기준 방식으로 표시되기도 합니다만 현재 적용되는 최신 버전은 2024년 2월부터 시작된 ASTM D6866-24 입니다.
ASTM D6866이 표준 방법으로 채택되어 처음으로 실제 적용되었던 것은 2004년이며, 미국의 연방법(7 CFR part 2902)에 언급되어 있습니다. 미국 연방 정부의 preferred procurement list 에 포함되는 여러 상품의 목록을 정하는데 사용되었습니다. 이 규정은 연방 정부의 각 부서들이 사용하는 물품 중에서 재생 가능한 바이오 매스 함량이 많은 제품을 우선 구매하도록 (플라스틱이나 다른 화석 연료에서 나오는 제품에 비해) 규정하는 미 농무성 (United State of Department Agriculture)의 요청에 따라 미국 연방 정부가 법제화한 것입니다. (per the 2002 Farm Bill) 이 법안에 따라 재생 가능한 바이오 매스 함량을 측정해야 하는 표준 방법이 필요하게 되었으며 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법이 여기에 직접 적용 가능하여, 채택되었습니다. 하지만 방사성탄소 연대측정 서비스를 제공하는 업계가 전혀 규제가 되어있지 않아 미 농무성은 규제 정책의 일환으로 기법과 보고 절차에 대한 표준화 작업을 했습니다.
[공식 ASTM D6866 페이지](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## ASTM D6866의 원리
기본 원리는 유기 물질에 들어있는 자연 상태의 방사성탄소입니다. 하지만 이 실험에서는 ‘방사능’을 사용하는 것은 아닙니다. 방사성탄소라 불리는 탄소 14는 아주 미세한 방사능을 가지고 있으며, 자연적으로 발생합니다. 모든 생물체가 일정한 수준으로 가지고 있습니다. 현재 살아있는 바이오 매스는 100%의 방사성탄소를 가지고 있으며, 화석 연료는 전혀 가지고 있지 않습니다 (0%). ASTM D6866은 이 원리를 이용하여 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 함량을 결정합니다. 연소하여 배출되거나 미생물학적으로 발생하는 이산화탄소(혹은 메탄)에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소를 정확히 수량화할 수 있습니다.1
## 간단하면서도 정확한 측정 방식
실제 평균값은 현존하는 continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS)의 배출구에 가스 유출 조절기 (gas flow controller)를 연결해야 얻을 수 있습니다. 하지만 한달 내에 여러 종류의 혼합 연료를 사용해야 하는 기업 입장에서는 여러 변수가 있음에도 불구하고 단 한번의 결과를 얻어야 합니다. (계속 배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 평균치를 나타내주는)
ASTM D6866 실험 방법은 혼합 연료를 미세하게 분류해서 무게를 잴 필요가 없습니다. 투입 시점에 “무슨 일을 했는지 생각하는 것”을 기반으로 복잡하게 예상치를 계산하는 것 보다는 배출 시점에 “했던 일”을 보여주는 결과를 ASTM D6866 실험 결과는 보여줍니다.
The Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC)은 온실가스 실험에서 ASTM D6866의 역할을 조사해서 인정했습니다.
측정 결과는 간단한 백분율 값으로 보여주기 때문에, 규제 기관과 금융 기관에서 모니터링하고 거래하는데 사용이 용이합니다.
총 열량 값으로 적용할 수 있는지 여부를 파악하기 위한 연구가 지속적으로 진행 중에 있습니다. 영국의 Renewable Energy Association 와 미국의 Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) 에서 초기 연구 단계에 있습니다.
## ASTM D6866의 중요성
기업 입장에서는 [ASTM D6866 실험 결과](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html "ASTM D6866 result sample")로부터 두 가지 혜택을 볼 수 있습니다. 하나는 각국의 규제 방법에 따라 온실가스 재고를 공제받을 수 있으며, 또 하나는 배출가스 거래 제(cap-and-trade program) 을 실시하는 나라에서는 실험 결과에 따라 더 많은 탄소 배출 권을 얻을 수 있습니다.
예를 들어 50%의 벼 짚단과 50%의 석탄을 연소시키는 화력 발전소의 경우 온실 가스 재고를 50% 낮출 수 있습니다. 벼 짚단에서 배출되는 이산화탄소는 탄소 중립이며, 온실 가스 재고에서 공제받을 수 있습니다. 낮은 이산화탄소의 배출 정도를 보여줌으로써 규제를 준수하고 있다는 것을 보여주며, 만약에 배출가스 거래 제가 시행되는 나라라면 탄소 배출 권도 얻을 수 있습니다.
ASTM D6866은 온실가스 규정에서 요구하는 것처럼 혼합 연료와 거기셔 배출되는 이산화탄소의 바이오 매스 함량을 증명하는데도 사용되고 있습니다. 미국, 호주, 유럽의 reporting protocols 에 채택되어 규정되어 있으며 또한 ASTM D6866의 유럽식 이름인 유럽 연합의 Emission Trading Scheme에서 재생 연료를 관리하는데 사용되고 있습니다.
유럽 연합은 여러 종류의 혼합 연료를 관리하는데 이 실험 방법을 사용하고 있으며, 호주 정부 역시 혼합 연료에 대한 ASTM D6866 실험의 사용을 적극 추천하고 있습니다. 영국의 Renewable Obligation Certificate 프로그램 역시 바이오 매스 에너지 생산을 관리하는데 이 방법을 사용하고 있습니다. 유엔의 United Nations Clean Development Mechanism 에서는 고형 폐자원 관리 방법론으로 이 방법을 이용하고 있습니다.
## Beta 연구소는 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공합니다
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 미국 플로리다 주의 마이애미에 있으며, 고품질의 ASTM D6866 실험을 제공함으로써 기업이 필요로 하는 규제 기관의 요구 조건을 준수하게끔 도와드리고 있습니다. 런던에 사무실이 있어 유럽의 고객들의 편의를 돕고 있습니다. 한국, 중국, 일본에도 사무실이 있어 더 나은 서비스를 받으실 수 있습니다.
References:
1\. Mook, W. G. The Effect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, on the 13C and 14C Content of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide . RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. Anthropogenic Influence on the 14C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study . RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
*2024년 7월 업데이트*
---
### [Medindo o Conteúdo Renovável Pelo Método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Pelo método ASTM D6866 é possível medir o conteúdo biogênico dos combustíveis sólidos ou líquidos, bem como as emissões geradas por eles durante a combustão.
- Este teste é uma ferramenta precisa de monitoramento e verificação para as estratégias de crédito e compensação de carbono.
- A Beta Analytic presta serviços de análise através do método ASTM D6866 para várias empresas, ajudando-as a cumprir com os regulamentos ou a aproveitar certas iniciativas.
- [SOLICITE UM ORÇAMENTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
## Dados Gerais Sobre o Método ASTM D6866
ASTM D6866 se refere aos métodos padronizados de análise para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica de amostras sólidas, líquidas e gasosas, usando a análise por radiocarbono. Os métodos incluem a Contagem de Cintilação Líquida (CCL), Espectometria de Massa com Aceleradores (EMA) e técnicas de Espectometria de Massa de Razão Isotópica – EMRI (ou IRMS, em inglês).
O método ASTM D6866 foi adotado pela primeira vez em 2004. Algumas revisões foram feitas desde então. Alguns protocolos ou relatórios oficiais podem fazer referência a esta norma como ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 ou ASTM D6866-22. A versão atualmente ativa da norma é a ASTM D6866-24, vigente desde fevereiro de 2024.
O padrão ASTM D6866 foi concluído em 2004 e atualmente é citado na Lei Federal (7 CFR parte 2902). Ele é utilizado para analisar produtos manufaturados que virão a ser incluídos na lista preferencial de aquisições do Governo Federal. Este padrão foi elaborado por solicitação do USDA para atender às legislações que requerem que as agências federais dêem preferência à aquisição de produtos com o maior conteúdo possível de biomassa renovável (ao invés de plásticos ou outros componentes fósseis) em seus produtos, tal como determina a “Farm Bill de 2002” (lei agrícola dos EUA). Foi necessário desenvolver um método padronizado para verificar as afirmações feitas pelos fabricantes em relação ao conteúdo renovável de seus produtos. A datação por radiocarbono era diretamente relevante para este propósito, mas esta indústria não tinha nenhuma regulamentação. Foi necessário que o USDA passasse a padronizar as técnicas e os processos de prestação de contas para que os mesmos fossem incluídos em políticas de regulamentação.
[Página oficial do método ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html "ASTM D6866")
## Princípios que fundamentam o método ASTM D6866
Os níveis naturais de radiocarbono encontrados em materiais orgânicos são utilizados para que se chegue a um resultado através do uso do método ASTM D6866. Nenhuma “radioatividade”, tal como é definida pelos órgãos de regulamentação, é utilizada na análise.
Carbono 14 ou radiocarbono – um elemento levemente radiativo e naturalmente presente em todas as substâncias vivas – está presente em um nível definido. A biomassa contemporânea tem um teor de 100% de radiocarbono e está ausente (0%) nos combustíveis fósseis. O método ASTM D6866 utiliza esta diferença para determinar a quantia de CO2 proveniente de biomassa em comparação com a quantia de CO2 proveniente de componentes fósseis. Este método foi utilizado para quantificar o CO2 proveniente de biomassa no CO2 como um todo (ou metano) de efluentes derivados da combustão e de fontes bacteriológicas.1
## Método Simples e Preciso
Uma média real entre as emissões de CO2 de carbono neutro e as emissões de CO22 fósseis é obtida através da ligação de um controlador de fluxo contínuo de gás a uma porta de escape de sistemas existentes de monitoramento contínuo de emissões – SMCE (ou CEMS, em inglês). Devido ao fato das matérias-primasdas fábricas de co-incineração variarem ao longo do mês, todas as variações relativas ao carbono de biomassa e carbono fóssil são contabilizadas em um mesmo resultado (representando a média de ambos os componentes representados no efluente com CO2).
Não é necessário cortar, separar ou pesar os combustíveis mistos para definir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa eas emissões de gases de carbono neutro. Esta abordagem “back-end” fornece um resultado que indica “o que foi feito”, ao invés de estimativas complexas baseadas no “que achamos que fizemos” derivadas da abordagem “front-end”.
A organização “The Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC)” examinou e reconheceu o papel que o método ASTM D6866 exerce na análise de gases de efeito estufa.
Uma vez que um valor percentual único é universalmente aplicável à todas as medições, os órgãos de regulamentação e financeiros recebem uma única referência para o monitoramento comparativo e as atividades comerciais.
Estudos estão em andamento para testar a aplicabilidade do resultado ao valor calorífico bruto (energia/calor). Estudos-piloto estão em fase de planejamento na organização “Renewable Energy Association” no Reino Unido e no “Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)”, nos EUA.
## Importância do padrão ASTM D6866
As empresas podem se beneficiar dos resultados laboratoriais obtidos pelo método ASTM D6866 em dois dias. Dependendo da regulamentação em vigor nos países onde estão localizadas, elas podem usar os resultados para provar que estão com um inventário diminuido de gases de efeito estufa. Para as empresas localizadas em países que possuem um programa de “limite e comércio” (ou “cap-and-trade”) em funcionamento, os resultados obtidos pelo uso do método ASTM D6866 podem ajudá-las na obtenção de mais créditos de carbono.
Por exemplo, uma empresa que possui uma fábrica de co-incineração e que consome 50% de palha e 50% de carvão pode diminuir seu inventário de GEE em 50%. As emissões de dióxido de carbono geradas através da combustão da palha são de carbono neutro e podem ser deduzidas do inventário de GEE da empresa. Alcançando um nível mais baixo de emissões, a empresa pode cumprir com os regulamentos e obter créditos de carbono, sehouver um sistema de “limite e comércio” (“cap-and-trade”) em vigor no país onde está localizada.
O método ASTM D6866 é atualmente utilizado para verificar a fração biogênica (de biomassa) dos combustíveis heterogêneos e das suas emissões de CO2, tal como é requerido nos protocolos ligados aos gases de efeito estufa. Este método foi incorporado aos protocolos de prestação de contas nos EUA, na Austrália e Europa. Uma variação do método ASTM D6866, conhecida como é utilizada para monitorar os combustíveis derivados de resíduos para o Esquema de Comércio de Emissões da União Européia.
A União Européia também permite o uso do método ASTM D6866 para monitorar outros tipos de combustíveis heterogêneos. O Governo Australiano incorporou recomendações semelhantes no que diz respeito ao uso do método ASTM D6866 na análise de combustíveis misturados. O programa de certificação conhecido no Reino Unido como “The Renewable Obligation Certificate program” também está considerando este método para o monitoramento da geração de energia a partir de biomassa. Este método também foi incorporado à metodologia do Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo das Nações Unidas no que diz respeito ao manejo de resíduos sólidos.
## Beta Analytic ASTM D6866 Laboratório
Sediada em Miami, na Flórida, e com certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017,a Beta Analytic tem o compromisso de ajudar os seus clientes a atenderem regulamentos, prestando serviços de alto nível e utilizando o método ASTM D6866. Ao contrário dos laboratórios de universidades, o laboratório da Beta Analytic pode fornecer resultados a partir de apenas uma semana depois de receber as amostras. Serviços mais rápidos também estão disponíveis aos clientes dos EUA, sendo que os resultados são disponibilizados depois de 48 horas. A empresa tem um escritório em Londres, no Reino Unido, para a conveniência dos clientes de toda a Europa. Os clientes do Japão e da China também são melhor servidos pelas instalações e pelos representantes de desenvolvimento de negócios da Beta Analytic em seus respectivos países.
1\. Mook, W. G. The Effect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, on the 13C and 14C Content of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. RADIOCARBONO, VOL. 22, No. 2, 1980, P. 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. Anthropogenic Influence on the 14C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study. RADIOCARBONO, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
Última atualização: julho de 2024*
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### [Misurare il contenuto rinnovabile con l'ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- L’ASTM D6866 misura il contenuto biogenico dei combustibili solidi e liquidi e le emissioni della loro combustione.
- Questa analisi è un accurato strumento di monitoraggio e verifica per i crediti di carbonio e le strategie di compensazione.
- Beta Analytic fornisce alle aziende l’analisi con ASTM D6866 consentendo loro di conformarsi ai regolamenti e di trarre vantaggio da determinate iniziative.
- [RICHIEDI UN PREVENTIVO](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
## Notizie sull’ASTM D6866
L’ASTM D6866 include i metodi standard di analisi per la determinazione del contenuto biobased di campioni solidi, liquidi e gassosi attraverso l’analisi al radiocarbonio. I metodi includono la misurazione con Contatore a Scintillazione Liquida (LSC), la Spettrometria di massa con Acceleratore (AMS) e la Spettrometria di massa isotopica (IRMS).
L’ASTM D6866 è stato utilizzato per la prima volta nel 2004. Diverse revisioni sono state effettuate in seguito. Alcuni protocolli o referti ufficiali potrebbero citare questo standard come ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11,ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 o ASTM D6866-22. La versione attuale della norma è ASTM D6866-24, in vigore da febbraio 2024.
Lo standard di lavoro dell’ASTM D6866 è stato completato nel 2004 ed è ora citato nelle leggi federali (7 CFR part 2902). Viene utilizzato per designare i prodotti da includere nella preferred procurement list del governo americano. Il presente standard è stato redatto su richiesta di USDA, per motivi di conformità alle normative che obbligano le agenzie federali a preferire l’approvvigionamento di prodotti con il massimo quantitativo percentuale di biomassa rinnovabile (rispetto alla plastica o ad altri componenti fossili), secondo il Farm Bill del 2002. Era necessario quindi un metodo standardizzato per verificare le affermazioni dei produttori relative al contenuto rinnovabile. La datazione al radiocarbonio era direttamente applicabile, ma si trattava di un’industria ancora non regolamentata. Lo USDA necessitava di una standardizzazione delle tecniche e dei report ai fini dell’inclusione del metodo nelle normative.
[Pagina ufficiale ASTM D6866 ](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## I principi alla base dell’ASTM D6866
I livelli naturali di radiocarbonio nella materia organica vengono utilizzati per ottenere un risultato sotto lo standard ASTM D6866. Durante l’analisi non viene utilizzata alcuna “radiazione” vera e propria. Il carbonio-14 o radiocarbonio – un elemento poco radioattivo contenuto naturalmente in tutti gli organismi viventi – è presente in quantità definita. La biomassa “contemporanea” possiede il 100% di radiocarbonio ed è assente (0%) nei combustibili fossili. L’ASTM D6866 sfrutta queste caratterstiche della materia per determinare la quantità di CO2 biogenica rispetto alla CO2 fossile. Tale metodo è stato utilizzato per misurare la CO2 derivata da biomassa presente nelle emissioni di CO2 (o metano) provenienti dalla combustione o da batteri.1
## Un metodo semplice e accurato
È possibile ottenere una media veritiera di CO2 ad impatto zero rispetto alla CO2 fossile2 collegando un contatore continuo di flusso di gas al condotto del tubo di scarico del sistema di monitoraggio in continuo delle emissioni (CEMS) presente. Dal momento che la materia prima di un impianto di co-combustione varia nel corso di un mese, tutte le variazioni relative al carbonio biogenico e al carbonio fossile vengono contabilizzate in un solo risultato, che rappresenta la media di entrambi i componenti presenti nelle emissioni di CO2.
Per determinare le emissioni di gas serra rispetto a quelle ad impatto zero non è essenziale tagliare, ordinare e pesare il combustibile misto. Questo approccio “a posteriori” fornisce un risultato che indica “ciò che è stato fatto”, piuttosto che offrire stime complesse basate su “ciò che pensiamo di avere fatto” tipiche di un approccio a priori.
L’Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC) ha esaminato e riconosciuto il ruolo che l’ASTM D6866 ha nelle analisi sui gas serra.
Dal momento che un singolo valore percentuale è universalmente applicabile a tutte le misurazioni, gli enti di regolamentazione e quelli finanziari sono dotati di un unico riferimento per il monitoraggio comparativo e il mercato.
Sono in corso vari studi che testano l’applicabilità del risultato al potere calorifico lordo (energia/calore), ed altri sono in fase di progettazione presso la Renewable Energy Association nel Regno Unito e l’Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) negli Stati Uniti.
## L’importanza dell’ASTM D6866
Le aziende possono trarre vantaggio dai risultati dell’ASTM D6866 in due modi. A seconda delle normative in vigore nei paesi di origine, possono utilizzare il risultato per dimostrare l’emissione di quantità ridotte di gas serra. Per le aziende che operano in paesi dotati di un programma cap-and-trade program, i risultati dell’ASTM D6866 possono essere utili per ottenere più crediti di carbonio.
Per esempio, un’azienda che possiede un impianto di co-combustione che brucia il 50% di paglia e 50% di carbone può dichiarare un’emissione di gas serra pari solo al 50%. Le emissioni di anidride carbonica provenienti dalla combustione della paglia sono ad impatto zero e sono deducibili dall’inventario dei gas serra di un’azienda. Un livello ridotto di emissioni contribuisce a far conformare l’azienda alle normative e ad ottenere crediti di carbonio se nel paese è attivo un sistema cap-and-trade.
L’ASTM D6866 viene ora utilizzato per verificare la frazione biogenica (biomassa) dei combustibili eterogenei e le loro emissioni di CO2, come richiesto dai protocolli relativi ai gas serra. Il metodo è stato inoltre incorporato nei protocolli dei report negli Stati Uniti, in Australia e in Europa. Una variante dell’ASTM D6866, il viene utilizzato per analizzare i combustibili derivati dai rifiuti nell’ambito dell’Emission Trading Scheme dell’Unione Europea.
L’Unione Europea inoltre permette l’uso dell’ASTM D6866 per l’analisi di altri tipi di combustibili eterogenei. Il governo australiano, allo stesso modo, raccomanda l’uso dell’ASTM D6866 per le miscele di carburanti. Anche il programma Renewable Obligation Certificate del Regno Unito sta considerando questo metodo per monitorare la produzione di energia creata dalla biomassa. Il metodo è stato inoltre inserito tra le metodologie adottate dal Clean Development Mechanism delle Nazioni Unite (Meccanismo di Sviluppo Pulito) per la gestione dei rifiuti solidi urbani.
## Beat Analytic effettua analisi ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 con sede a Miami, Florida, che assiste i suoi clienti nel soddisfare i requisiti delle regolamentazioni fornendo analisi ASTM D6866 di alta qualità. Per avvicinarsi alla propria clientela europea, l’azienda dispone di una filiale a Londra, Regno Unito. I clienti giapponesi e cinesi possono beneficiare degli uffici di Beta Analytic e dell’assistenza dei suoi rappresentanti nei rispettivi paesi.
1\. Mook, W. G. The Effect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, on the 13C and 14C Content of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. Anthropogenic Influence on the 14C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study . RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2024*
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### [Mesure du contenu renouvelable selon ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- L’ASTM D6866 permet de mesurer le contenu d’origine non fossile des combustibles solides ou liquides et de leurs émissions lors de la combustion.
- Il s’agit d’un outil de surveillance et de vérification précis pour les crédits carbone et les stratégies de compensation.
- Beta Analytic fournit des analyses selon la norme ASTM D6866 à de nombreuses sociétés, lorsqu’elles doivent se conformer à la réglementation ou profiter de certaines initiatives.
- [OBTENIR UN DEVIS](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
## Contexte et histoire de l’ASTM D6866
L’ASTM D6866 est une norme de regroupant des méthodes d’analyses, ainsi normalisées, pour la détermination de contenu organique de matériaux solides, liquides et gazeux, au moyen de la datation radiocarbone. Ces méthodes incluent les techniques de comptage à scintillation liquide (LSC), la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS), et la spectrométrie de masse isotopique (IRMS).
L’ASTM D6866 a été adoptée en 2004. Des révisions ont depuis lors eu lieu. Certains protocoles ou rapports officiels peuvent avoir des appellations différentes pour cette norme : ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 ou ASTM D6866-22. La version actuelle de la norme est l’ASTM D6866-24 en vigueur depuis février 2024.
La norme ASTM D6866 fut finalisée en 2004 et est maintenant citée dans la loi fédérale américaine (7 CFR part 2902). Elle est utilisée pour désigner les produits fabriqués qui peuvent être inclus dans [la liste de préférence d’achat](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html "la liste de préférence d'achat") du gouvernement fédéral. Elle fut rédigée à la demande de l’USDA pour satisfaire une loi incitant les agences fédérales à privilégier l’achat de produits contenant la plus grande quantité de biomasse renouvelable (à l’inverse du plastique et autres composants fossiles) dans leurs composants (Farm Bill de 2002). Une méthode normalisée s’est révélée nécessaire pour vérifier les déclarations des fabricants concernant le contenu renouvelable. La datation radiocarbone était directement applicable, mais non réglementée à cet usage. L’USDA a eu besoin d’une normalisation des techniques et des rapports afin de les inclure dans le cadre de la réglementation.
[Page officielle de la norme ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Principes à l’origine de la norme ASTM D6866
Les niveaux naturels de radiocarbone dans les matériaux organiques sont utilisés pour calculer un résultat selon ASTM D6866. Aucune “radioactivité”, telle que définie par les organismes de réglementation, n’est utilisée au cours de l’analyse. Le carbone 14, ou radiocarbone, élément faiblement radioactif que l’on retrouve naturellement dans tous les êtres vivants, est présent à un niveau défini. La biomasse contemporaine contient 100 % de radiocarbone et les carburants fossiles n’en contiennent pas (0 %). L’ASTM D6866 utilise cette différence pour déterminer la quantité de CO2 de la biomasse par rapport au CO2 fossile. La méthode était utilisée pour quantifier le CO2 de la biomasse présent dans les effluents de CO2 en vrac (ou de méthane) issus de la combustion et de sources bactériologiques.1
## Une méthode simple et précise
Une vraie moyenne linéaire de l’émission de CO2 sans carbone par rapport à celle du CO2 d’origine fossile2 est obtenue en reliant un contrôleur de gaz à débit continu à l’orifice d’échappement des systèmes existants de surveillance continue des émissions (CEMS). Étant donné que la matière première d’une usine de co-combustion varie au cours d’un mois, toutes les variations relatives au carbone de la biomasse et au carbone fossile sont comptabilisées en un seul résultat (qui est la moyenne des deux composants représentés dans l’effluent de CO2).
La découpe, le tri et la pesée du carburant mixte ne sont pas nécessaires pour la détermination du gaz à effet de serre par rapport aux émissions de gaz neutre en carbone. Cette approche “back-end” fournit un résultat indiquant “ce qui a été fait”, plutôt que des estimations complexes basées sur “ce que nous pensons avoir fait”, issues d’une approche “front-end”.
L’Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC) a examiné et reconnu le rôle que joue l’ASTM D6866 dans l’analyse des gaz à effet de serre (GES).
Une seule valeur en pourcentage étant universellement applicable à toutes les mesures, une seule référence est fournie aux organismes réglementaires et financiers, pour être utilisée dans le suivi comparatif et les échanges.
Des études sont en cours pour tester l’applicabilité des résultats à la valeur calorifique brute (énergie / chaleur). Des études pilotes sont en cours de planification avec la Renewable Energy Association au Royaume-Uni et le Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) aux États-Unis.
## Importance de la norme ASTM D6866
Les entreprises peuvent tirer parti de leurs résultats ASTM D6866 de deux manières. Selon les règlements en vigueur dans leur pays d’origine, elles peuvent utiliser le résultat pour appuyer leur inventaire de gaz à effet de serre,ainsi réduit. Pour celles établies dans des pays ayant un programme de plafonnement et d’échange en place, les résultats ASTM D6866 peuvent les aider à obtenir davantage de crédits carbone.
À titre d’exemple, une entreprise qui possède une usine de co-combustion brûlant 50 % de paille et 50 % de charbon peut réduire son inventaire de GES de 50 %. Les émissions de dioxyde de carbone provenant de la paille sont neutres en carbone et déductibles de l’inventaire des émissions de GES d’une entreprise. Le niveau d’émission réduit aide l’entreprise à se conformer aux règlements et à obtenir des crédits carbone, si un système de plafonnement et d’échange existe dans son pays d’origine.
L’ASTM D6866 est maintenant utilisée pour vérifier la fraction organique (biomasse) des combustibles hétérogènes et de leurs émissions de CO2, comme requis par les protocoles relatifs aux gaz à effet de serre. La méthode a été intégrée dans les protocoles de déclaration aux États-Unis, en Australie et en Europe. Une variante de la norme ASTM D6866 est utilisée pour contrôler les combustibles dérivés de déchets dans le cadre du Système communautaire européen d’échange de quotas d’émission.
L’Union européenne permet également l’utilisation de la norme ASTM D6866 pour le contrôle d’autres types de combustibles hétérogènes. Le gouvernement australien a intégré des recommandations similaires pour l’utilisation de l’ASTM D6866 relativement aux carburants mélangés. Le programme de certification Renewable Obligation, au Royaume-Uni, envisage également cette méthode pour contrôler la production d’énergie issue de la biomasse. La méthode a également été intégrée dans la méthodologie du Mécanisme de Développement Propre de l’ONU relativement à la gestion des déchets solides.
## Beta Analytic fournit des résultats d’analyses ASTM D6866 en un délai d’une semaine
Situé à Miami, en Floride, Beta Analytic, certifié ISO/IEC 17025:2017, s’engage à aider ses clients à respecter les exigences de la réglementation en fournissant des services ASTM D6866 de haute qualité. À la différence des laboratoires universitaires, Beta Analytic peut délivrer des résultats en une semaine, après réception des échantillons. Un service d’urgence est également disponible pour les clients américains, les résultats sont alors disponibles en 48 heures. L’entreprise dispose d’un bureau à Londres, pour la commodité de ses clients dans toute l’Europe. Les clients au Japon et en Chine sont également mieux servis par des installations Beta Analytic et des représentants de développement des affaires dans leurs pays respectifs.
1\. Mook, W. G. The Effect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, on the 13C and 14C Content of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, N° 2, 1980, p. 392 à 397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. Anthropogenic Influence on the 14C Activity and Other Constituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study. RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, N° 3, 1992, p. 585 à 592.
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : juillet 2024*
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### [Midiendo el Contenido Renovable por el Método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Por el método ASTM D6866 es posible medir el contenido biogénico de los combustibles sólidos o líquidos y también las emisiones emitidas por ellos durante la combustión.
- Esta prueba es una herramienta precisa de monitoreo y verificación para las estrategias de crédito y compensación de carbono.
- Beta Analytic ofrece servicios de análisis a través del método ASTM D6866 para varias empresas, ayudándolas a cumplir con los reglamentos o aprovechar determinadas iniciativas.
- [SOLICITE UN PRESUPUESTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
## Información General Sobre el Método ASTM D6866
ASTM D6866 se refiere a los métodos estandarizados de análisis para determinar el contenido de base biológica de muestras sólidas, líquidas y gaseosas, utilizando el análisis por radiocarbono. Los métodos incluyen el Recuento de Centelleo Líquido (CCL), Espectrometría de Masa con Aceleradores (EMA) y técnicas de Espectrometría de Masa de la Razón Isotópica – EMRI (o IRMS, en inglés).
El método ASTM D6866 fue adoptado por la primera vez en 2004. Algunas revisiones han sido hechas desde entonces. Algunos protocolos o informes oficiales pueden referirse a este estándar como ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 o ASTM D6866-22. Desde Febrero de 2024, ASTM D6866-24 es la versión vigente de la norma.
El estándar ASTM D6866 fue concluido en 2004 y actualmente está incluido en la Ley Federal (7 CFR parte 2902). Se utiliza este estándar para analizar productos manufacturados que serán incluidos en la lista preferencial de adquisiciones del Gobierno Federal. Este estándar fue elaborado por solicitud del USDA para atender a las legislaciones que requieren que las agencias federales den preferencia a la adquisición de productos con el mayor contenido posible de biomasa renovable (en lugar de plásticos y otros componentes fósiles) en sus productos, como determina la “Farm Bill de 2002” (ley agrícola de los EE.UU.). Fue necesario desarrollar un método estandarizado para verificar las afirmaciones hechas por los fabricantes en relación a locontenido renovable de sus productos. La datación por radiocarbono era directamente relevante para este propósito, pero esta industria no tenía ninguna reglamentación. Ha sido necesario que el USDA pasase a estandarizar las técnicas y los procesos de rendición de cuentas para que ellos fuesen incluidos en políticas de reglamentación.
[Página oficial del método ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Principios que fundamentan el método ASTM D6866
Los niveles naturales de radiocarbono presentes en materiales orgánicos son utilizados para que se llegue a un resultado a través del uso del método ASTM D6866. Ninguna “radioactividad”, de acuerdo a la definición de los organismos reguladores, es utilizada en el análisis.
Carbono 14 o radiocarbono – un elemento livianamente radiactivo y naturalmente presente en todas las substancias vivas – está presente en un nivel definido. La biomasa contemporánea tiene un contenido de 100% de radiocarbono y está ausente (0%) en los combustibles fósiles. El método ASTM D6866 utiliza esta diferencia para determinar la cantidad de CO2 proveniente de biomasa en comparación con la cantidad de CO2 proveniente de componentes fósiles. Este método fue utilizado para cuantificar el CO2 proveniente de biomasa en el CO2 como un todo (o metano) de efluentes derivados de combustión y de fuentes bacteriológicas.1
## Método Simple y Exacto
Se obtiene un promedio de las emisiones reales entre las emisiones de CO2 de carbono neutral y las emisiones de CO22 fósiles a través de la conexión de un controlador de flujo continuo de gas a la lumbrera de escape de los sistemas existentes de monitoreo continuo de emisiones – SMCE (o CEMS, en inglés). A medida que la materia-prima de fábricas de co-incineración varía a lo largo del mes, todas las variaciones relacionadas al carbono de biomasa y carbono fósil son contabilizadas en un solo resultado (representando el promedio de los dos componentes representados en el efluente de CO2).
No es necesario cortar, separar o pesar los combustibles mezclados para definir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y las emisiones de gases de carbono neutral. Este enfoque “back-end” proporciona un resultado que indica “lo que ha sido hecho”, y no estimaciones complejas basadas en lo “que pensamos que hicimos” derivadas del enfoque “front-end”.
La organización “TheInstitute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC)” examinó y reconoció la función desempeñada por el método ASTM D6866 en el análisis de los gases de efecto invernadero.
Cuando un valor porcentual único es universalmente aplicable a todas las mediciones, los organismos de reglamentación y financieros reciben una única referencia para el monitoreo comparativo y las actividades comerciales.
Se están realizando estudios para probar la aplicabilidad del resultado a lo valor calorífico bruto (energía/calor). Estudios-piloto están siendo planificados por la organización “RenewableEnergyAssociation” en el Reino Unido y en el “Electric PowerResearchInstitute (EPRI)”, en los EE.UU.
## Importancia del estándar ASTM D6866
Las empresas pueden ser beneficiadas con los resultados de laboratorio obtenidos por el método ASTM D6866 en dos días. Dependiendo de la reglamentación en vigor en los países donde están ubicadas, ellas pueden utilizar los resultados para probar que tienen un inventario reducido de gases de efecto invernadero. Para las empresas ubicadas en países que tienen un programa de “limite y comercio” (o “cap-and-trade”) en operación, los resultados obtenidos a través del uso del método ASTM D6866 pueden ayudarlas a obtener más créditos de carbono.
Por ejemplo, una empresa que tiene una fábrica de co-incineración y que consume 50% de paja y 50% de carbón puede reducir su inventario de GEI en 50%. Las emisiones de dióxido de carbono generadas a partir de la combustión de paja son consideradas emisiones de carbono neutral y pueden ser deducidas del inventario de GEI de la empresa. Alcanzando un nivel más bajo de emisiones, la empresa puede cumplir con los reglamentos y obtener créditos de carbono, si existe un sistema de “limite y comercio” (“cap-and-trade”) en operación en el país donde se ubicada.
Actualmente se utiliza el método ASTM D6866 para verificar la fracción biogénica (de biomasa) de los combustibles heterogéneos y de sus emisiones de CO2, de acuerdo a lo que es requerido en los protocolos relacionados a los gases de efecto invernadero. Este método ha sido incorporado a los protocolos de rendición de cuentas en los EE.UU., Australia y Europa. Se utiliza una variación del método ASTM D6866, conocida como para monitorear los combustibles derivados de residuos para el Esquema de Comercio de Emisiones de la Unión Europea.
La Unión Europea también permite el uso del método ASTM D6866 para monitorear otros tipos de combustibles heterogéneos. El Gobierno Australiano ha incorporado recomendaciones similares en relación al uso del método ASTM D6866 en el análisis de combustibles mezclados. El programa de certificación conocido en el Reino Unido como “TheRenewableObligationCertificateprogram” también está considerando este método para el monitoreo de generación de energía a partir de biomasa. Este método también ha sido incorporado a la metodología del Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio de las Naciones Unidas en relación a la gestión de residuos sólidos.
## Beta Analytic Entrega los Resultados de la Prueba ASTM D6866 en una Semana
Con sede en Miami, Florida, y con la certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017, Beta Analytic tiene el compromiso de ayudar a sus clientes a atender reglamentos, ofreciendo servicios de alto nivel y utilizando el método ASTM D6866. A lo contrario de los laboratorios de universidades, el laboratorio de Beta Analytic puede proporcionar resultados a partir de sólo una semana después de recibir las muestras. Servicios más rápidos también están disponibles a los clientes de los EE.UU. y se ponen los resultados a disposición después de 48 horas. La empresa tiene una oficina en Londres, Reino Unido, para la conveniencia de los clientes de toda Europa. Los clientes de Japón y de China también son mejor atendidos por las instalaciones y representantes de desarrollo de negocios de Beta Analytic en sus respectivos países.
1\. Mook, W. G. TheEffect of Fossil Fuel and Biogenic CO, onthe 13C and 14C Content of AtmosphericCarbonDioxide. RADIOCARBONO, VOL. 22, No. 2, 1980, P. 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, InesKrajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. AnthropogenicInfluenceonthe 14C Activity and OtherConstituents of Recent Lake Sediments: A Case Study. RADIOCARBONO, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
*Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2024*
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### [Bemessung des erneuerbaren Gehalts mit Hilfe von ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd6866.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D6866 misst den biogenetischen Gehalt von festen und flüssigen Brennstoffen, sowie ihren Verbrennungsemissionen.
- Der Test ist ein akkurates Beobachtungs- und Verifikationsgerät für Kohlenstoffkredite und Kohlenstoff-Verrechnungsstrategie.
- Beta Analytic bietet ASTM D6866 Tests für verschiedene Unternehmen an, da es den Regulationen entspricht oder bestimmte Anreize als Vorteile wahrnimmt.
- [ANGEBOT ANFORDERN](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
## ASTM D6866 Hintergrund
ASTM D6866 bezieht sich auf die Standardstestmethode zur Bestimmung des biobasierenden Gehalts von festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Proben mit Hilfe der Radiokohlenstoffanalyse. Methoden beinhalten verschiedene Techniken wie zum Beispiel die Flüssige Szintillationen Zählung (LSC), Massenspektrometrische Beschleunigung (AMS) und den Isotopen Massenspektrometrischen Verhältniswert (IRMS).
ASTM D6866 wurde erstmals in 2004 verwendet. Veränderungen wurden seitdem vorgenommen. Einige Protokolle und offizielle Berichte verweisen evtl. auf folgende Normen: ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 oder ASTM D6866-22. Die derzeit aktive Version des Standards ist ASTM D6866-24 mit Wirkung ab Februar 2024.
Der ASTM D6866 Standard wurde in 2004 fertiggestellt und wurde im Federalen Recht (7 CFR Part 2902) zitiert. Er wird zur Bestimmung von hergestellten Artikeln benutzt, welche dann in die federale Regierungsmaßnahmenliste aufgenommen werden. Dieser Standard wurde auf Anfrage der USDA aufgeschrieben, um die Legislatur zubefriedigen, welche die federalen Agenturen benötigen um die Beschaffung von Produkten mit der größten Anzahl von erneuerbaren Biomassen (vs. Plastik oder anderen fossilen Komponenten) in ihren Produkten zu begünstigen (nach der 2002 Farm Rechnung). Eine standardisierte Methode wurde benötigt um die Ansprüche der Hersteller auf den erneuerbaren Gehalte zu verifiziert. Die Radiokohlenstoff Datierung wurde direkt eingesetzt, war jedoch eine unkontrollierte Industrie. Die USDA benötigte die Standardisierung der Techniken und der Auswertungen, die in die Ordnungspolitik eingegliedert wurde.
[Offizielle ASTM D6866 Seite](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Prinzipien der ASTM D6866
Ein natürliches Level an Radiokohlenstoff in organischen Materialien werden benutzt um ASTM D6866 Resultate abzuleiten. Keine „Radioaktivität“, definiert durch den Ordnungsträger, wird für die Analyse verwendet. Kohlenstoff 14 oder Radiokohlenstoff – ein schwaches radioaktives Element, dass in allen natürlichen Lebewesen vorkommt – ist präsent in einem dieser definierten Leveln. Gängige Biomasse weist 100% Radiokohlenstoff auf und ist abwesend (0%) in fossilen Brennstoffen. ASTM D6866 benutzt diese Unterschiede, um die Anzahl von CO2 Biomassen gegen fossilen CO2 zu bestimmen. Die Methode wurde benutzt um die CO2 Biomasse, die in einer großen Menge von CO2 (oder Methane) ausströmen und von verbrannten und bakteriologischen Quellen abgeleitet werden zu quantifizieren.
## Einfache und akkurate Methode
Ein wahrer Vorteil von kohlenstoffneutralen CO2 Emissionen gegenüber fossilen CO2 Emissionen ist erreicht, wenn man eine stetige Gasausflusskontrolle mit einen Abgasanschluss von einem existierenden stetigen Emissionsbeobachtungssystem (CEMS) verbindet. Da der Ausgangsbrennstoff einer Co-Feuerungsfabrik über einen Monat variiert, werden alle Variationen betreffend der Kohlenstoffbiomasse und fossilen Kohlenstoffen als alleiniges Ergebnis abgerechnet (repräsentiert den Durchschnitt von beiden Komponenten der im ausströmenten CO2 enthalten ist).
Ausschneiden, sortieren und abwiegen von gemischten Brennstoffen wird nicht zur Bestimmung von Treibhausgas gegenüber kohlenstoffneutralen Gasemissionen benötigt. Dieser nachgestellte Ansatz liefert ein Ergebnis, welcher „was getan wurde“ anzeigt anstatt von komplizierten Schätzungen „was wir gedacht haben, getan zu haben“, welcher vom vorgestellten Ansatz abzuleiten ist.
Das Institut „Saubere Luft Unternehmen“ (ICAC) begutachtet und anerkennt die Rolle, die ASTM D6866 bei Treibhausgastests spielt.
Da ein einfacher Durchschnittswert für alle Bemessungen anwendbar ist, werden beide regulatorische und finanzielle Behörden mit einer einfachen Referenz für die Benutzung von relativer Beobachtung und Handel beliefert.
Studien wurden in Gang gesetzt um die Anwendbarkeit der Resultate des Brutto Brennwerts (Energie/ Wärme) zu testen. Pilotstudien sind mit der erneuerbaren Energie Assoziation in Großbritannien und dem Elekropower Forschungsinstitut (EPRI) in den USA in Planung.
## ASTM D6866 Stellenwert
Unternehmen können von ASTM D6866 Laborresultaten in 2 Tagen profitieren. Abhängig von den aktuellen Regulationen in ihren Heimatländern, können sie die Resultate zur Unterstützung ihrer reduzierten Treibhausgasaufnahme benutzen. Unternehmen, in dessen Ländern ein Cap and Trade Ansatz gilt, können ASTM D6866 Resultate dabei helfen, mehrer Kohlenstoffekredite zu erhalten.
Zum Beispiel, ein Unternehmen, dass eine Co-Feuerungsfabrik besitzt und die 50% Stroh und 50% Kohle verbrennen, können ihre GHG Aufnahme um 50% reduzieren. Kohlenstoffdioxidemissionen von verbrannten Stroh, sind kohlenstoffneutral und von der Unternnehmens GHG Aufnahme absetzbar. Das reduzierte Emissionslevel hilft dem Unternehmen die Regulationen zu erfüllen und Kohlenstoffkredite zu erhalten, im Falle, dass ein Cap and Trade System in ihrem Heimatland eingeführt wurde.
ASTM D6866 wird heutzutage benutzt um die biogenetische (Biomasse) Fraktion von heterogenen Brennstoffen und ihren CO2 Emissionen zu verifizieren, welche im Treibhausgas Protokoll benötigt werden. Diese Methode wurde in das Auswertungsprotokoll in den USA, Australien und Europa inkorporiert. Eine Variante von ASTM D6866, das wird benutzt um abgeleitete Brennstoffe für das Emissions Handelsprogramm der Europäische Union zu kontrollieren.
Die Europäische Union erlaubt die Benutzung von ASTM D6866 um andere Typen von heterogenen Brennstoffen zu kontrollieren. Die australische Regierung hat ähnliche Empfehlungen für die Benutzung von ASTM D6866 für gemischte Brennstoffe. Das erneuerbare Obligation Zertifikatsprogramm in Großbritannien wird auch als Methode zur Kontrolle der Biomassen Energieproduktion berücksichtigt. Diese Methode wurde auch im Reinheitsentwicklungsmechanismus der Vereinigten Nationen, die das Festmüll-Management berücksichtigen inkorporiert.
## Beta Analytic liefert ASTM D6866 Tests in einer Woche
Ansässig in Miami, Florida, ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditiert Beta Analytic ist engagiert seine Kunden bei der Erfüllung der Regulationsbedingungen zu helfen und bietet dafür seine hochqualifizierten ASTM 6866 Service an. Eilservice ist verfügbar für US Kunden und Resulate werden innerhalb von 48 Stunden geliefert. Das Unternehmen hat ein Büro in London, Großbritannien, für Kunden innerhalb Europas. Kunden in Japan und China können auf Beta Analytic Einrichtungen und Business Entwickler in ihren Ländern zurückgreifen.
1\. Mook, W. G. Der Effekt von fossilem Brennstoff und biogenetischen CO, mit 13C und 14C Gehalt von atmosphärischen Kohlenstoffdioxiden. RADIOKOHLENSTOFF, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 392-397.
2\. SrdoZ, Dugan; Ahel, Nada Marijan; Giger, Walter; Schaffner, Christian; Bronid, Ines Krajcar; Petricioli, Don at; Pezdie, Jofe; Marcenko, Elena; Plenkovie-Moraj, Andjelka. Anthropogenischer Einfluss von 14C Aktivität und anderen Bestandteilen von jüngsten Seesedimenten: Eine Fallstudie. RADIOKOHLENSTOFF, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 585-592.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juli 2024*
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### [ASTM D6866: 연료의 바이오기반 탄소 함량 측정 실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 실험 방법은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 이용하여 기체, 액체, 고체 샘플의 바이오 기반 탄소/바이오제닉 탄소 함량을 측정하기 위해 ASTM International (전에는 the American Society for Testing and Materials)이 개발한 표준 실험 방법이다. 특히 어떤 종류의 시료라도 실험이 가능하기 때문에 다양한 종류의 [바이오 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/about-biofuels.html)에 적용하기 좋은 분석 방법으로 인정 받고 있다 2004년에 처음 발표가 된 이후 계속 새로운 버전이 나오고 있다.
**[견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")**
ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21, ASTM D6866-22. ASTM D6866-24 이 2024년 2월에 발표된 최신 버전이다.
방사성탄소 연대측정 기법은 처음에는 고고학과 화석 연구의 도구로서 시작되었다. 지금은 바이오매스 물질의 바이오제닉 함량 측정 등 다양한 용도로도 사용되고 있다.
어떻게 ASTM D6866이 바이오 연료 실험에 이용되는지 바이오 디젤을 예를 들어 설명해 보겠습니다.
## ASTM D6866 결과와 해석
혼합 연료에서 바이오 디젤의 함량을 측정하는 ASTM D6866은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법과 동일한 개념에서 시작했다. 단 차이는 연대 계산을 하지 않을 따름이다. 시료의 방사성탄소 (탄소 14)와 현재의 기준 참고 물질의 방사성탄소의 비율을 측정한다. 이 비율은 pMC (percent modern carbon)라는 단위로 표시한다. 만약에 분석하는 시료의 현재의 방사성탄소와 화석 탄소 (즉 방사성탄소가 없음)을 측정하였을 때 여기서 얻은 pMC 값은 시료의 바이오 디젤의 함량과 직접적인 관련이 있다.
현재의 방사성탄소와 방사성탄소가 들어있지 않은 화석 탄소가 섞여 있으며 pMC 농도에 반영된다. 지금 현재의 바이오 디젤은 99.7 pMC인 반면에 화석 연료 물질은 0 pMC이며, 측정된 pMC값이 두 내용물의 비율이 된다. 현재 100% 대두의 pMC 값은 99.7이며, 여기에 50%의 석유 계열 물질이 섞여 있으면, pMC값은 50 정도다.
ASTM D6866 실험 결과의 장점은 시료에 대한 어떠한 정보없이도 가능하다는 것이다. 실생활과 상당히 그럴듯한 상황이다. 실험에서 보고되는 평균값 (Mean Value)의 오차 범위는 6%으로 (평균 바이오 디젤 결과의 양 방향으로 +- 3%씩) 마지막 방사성탄소의 모든 변수를 포함한다. (보수적 접근 방식) 이 실험 방법은 모든 물질은 “현재”에서 왔건, “화석’에서 왔다는 것을 전제로 하며, 여기서 얻은 결과는 이 물질의 “현재”의 바이오 디젤 함량을 보여주는 것이며, 제조 과정 중에 사용한 바이오 디젤 물질의 량을 보여주는 것은 아니다. 최대값으로서 보고된 %를 해석할 수도 있다. (가장 보수적 해석 방법)
[공식 ASTM D6866 페이지](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## 방사성탄소 연대측정
1947년에 처음 개발된 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법은 지구의 상층부에서 우주선에 위해 연속적으로 만들어지는 방사성 동위원소인 방사성탄소 혹은 탄소 14를 이용하는 방법이다. 산소와 결합하여 이산화탄소가 되며, 대기 중에 퍼져있으며, 이 이산화탄소를 식물은 흡수하여 광합성 작용을 합니다. 최종적으로 동물들은 이 식물을 먹습니다.
탄소 14는 방사능의 반감기가 있어서 서서히 소멸해 가며, 우주선에 의해서 계속 만들어지므로 항상 평형을 유지하고 있다. 따라서 모든 살아있는 것들, 즉 식물, 동물들은 일정한 방사성탄소를 가지고 있다. 하지만 식물이나 동물이 죽게 되면, 대기 중에 있던 방사성탄소를 더 이상 받아들이지 못하고, 체내에 남아 있는 방사성탄소의 함량은 반감기에 따라 서서히 줄어들어, 결국은 하나도 남게 되지 않는데. 대략 5만년 걸린다.
방사성탄소 연대측정이란 여러 물질의 방사성탄소 함량을 정확히 측정하여 동물이나 식물이 죽은 시점을 계산하는 것이다. 이 연대 측정 시스템은 고고학, 지질학, 그 외의 지구 과학에서 없어서는 안 되는 중요한 연구 수단이다.
방사성탄소 연대측정은 핵 화학, 핵 물리학의 한 분야로서 방사성탄소의 량은 상당한 소량이기 때문에 가장 어려운 측정 기술이다. 현재는 두 가지 방법이 쓰이고 있다. 방사측정 연대측정 (Radiometric dating)와 가속 질량 분석기 (accelerator mass spectrometry AMS)
## 방사측정 연대측정 대비 AMS
방사측정 연대측정 방식은 방사성탄소가 분열할 때 생기는 방사성을 측정하는 방식이며, 이에 반해 가속 질량 분석기는 시료에서 직접 방사성탄소의 농도를 측정한다. 이 두 방법 모두 측정 전 시료 준비 단계로 복잡한 화학적 처리뿐만 아니라 고도의 기술을 요한다.
이 두 가지 방법 모두 시료의 전처리가 중요하다. 시료 종류에 따라 방법이 다양하다. 부수적인 이물질 제거 작업으로 다양한 물리적, 화학적 처리가 필요하다. 이 두 방법에 대한 전처리 기술은 서로 다르지만, 모두 진공 상태에서 진행해야 한다.
방사측정 방식에서는 시료를 특수 진공 장치가 된 곳에서 태워 이산화탄소를 만든다. 용융 리튬 (molten lithium)을 섞어 리튬 탄화물 (lithium carbide)을 만든 후, 냉각 시킨 다음 리튬 탄화물을 물과 반응시켜 아세틸렌을 만든다. 이 가스를 정제하고 실리카 알루미나 중화제 (silica-alumina catalyst)을 사용하여 벤젠으로 전환한다. 이 모든 과정은 진공 상태에서 실행한다. 이 벤젠은 92% 탄소이며, 섬광 화학물질과 섞어서 액체 섬광 계수기 (liquid scintillation counter)로 방사성을 측정한다. 보통 정확한 통계 수치를 얻기 위해 계수기 안에 약 2일 정도 둔다. 또한 현재의 표준 물질과 기초 자료 물질을 같은 계수기에서 계속 측정한다.
가속 질량 분석기를 이용한 방법은 시료를 태워서 정제된 이산화탄소로 만든 다음, 특수 유리로 된 진공실에서 수소와 반응케 하여 흑연을 만든다. 100% 탄소인 이 흑연을 가속 질량 분석기에 두고 측정한다. 측정 시간은 약 30분 정도 걸린다. 방사측정 방식과 동일하게 현재의 기준 물질과 기초 자료 물질을 위와 동일한 방법으로 계속 측정한다.
추가로 모든 시료의 안정 동위원소인 탄소 13을 측정한다. 이 값은 탄소 14 갑을 보정하는데 꼭 필요하다. 탄소 13의 측정은 그 값 자체로 재생 물질과 화석 물질의 함량 측정에 쓰이지 않지만, 방사성탄소 연대측정을 하는데 꼭 필요한 작업이다.
*2024년 7월 업데이트*
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### [Medindo o conteúdo de base biológica de combustíveis com a ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A norma ASTM D6866 é o método padrão de análise desenvolvido pela ASTM International (antes conhecida como American Society for Testing and Materials) para determinar o conteúdo de carbono biogênico/de base biológica em amostras sólidas, líquidas e gasosas, através da análise por radiocarbono. Pelo fato de poder ser utilizada para analisar qualquer tipo de amostra, é reconhecida como um ótimo método para diferentes [tipos de biocombustíveis.](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/sobre-biocombustiveis.html)
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A ASTM D6866 foi lançada em 2004. Várias versões já foram publicadas desde então – ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 e ASTM D6866-22. A versão atualmente em vigor é a ASTM D6866-24, desde fevereiro de 2024.
O método de datação por radiocarbono foi inicialmente utilizado como uma ferramenta em estudos arqueológicos e outros estudo de fósseis, mas agora foram encontradas outras aplicações; notadamente a quantificação das frações biogênicas em materiais de origem biológica.
Para ilustrar como a ASTM D6866 é aplicada a análises de biocombustíveis, usemos o biodiesel como exemplo (explanação abaixo).
## Resultados e interpretação da análise ASTM D6866
A aplicação da ASTM D6866 para derivar o conteúdo de biodiesel em uma mistura baseia-se no mesmo conceito que a datação por radiocarbono, mas sem a utilização de equações de idade. É realizada obtendo-se uma razão da quantidade de radiocarbono (carbono 14) em uma amostra desconhecida em relação a um padrão de referência moderno conhecido. A razão é relatada em forma de uma porcentagem com as unidades “pMC” (porcentagem de carbono moderno). Se o material sendo analisado é uma mistura de carbono moderno e carbono fóssil (que não contém radiocarbono), então o valor pMC obtido é diretamente correlacionado à quantidade de biodiesel presente na amostra.
A combinação de carbono fóssil com carbono moderno em um material resultará numa diluição do conteúdo de pMC moderno. Supondo que 99.7 pMC representa os materiais de biodiesel moderno, e 0 pMC representa derivados de petróleo, o valor pMC medido para um dado material refletirá as proporções dos dois tipos de componentes. Um material 100% derivado de grãos de soja modernos resultaria em um registro de radiocarbono próximo a 99.7 pMC. Se esse material fosse diluído com 50% de derivados de petróleo, o registro de radiocarbono seria próximo de 50 pMC.
Os resultados ASTM D6866 envolvem materiais fornecidos sem nenhuma informação de sua fonte. Essa situação é altamente provável em uma situação real. O valor médio citado nesse relatório abrange uma amplitude total de 6% (maior e menor que 3% em ambos os lados do resultado médio do biodiesel) para considerar as variações de registros de radiocarbono em um componente final (uma aproximação conservadora). Supõe-se que todos os materiais são de origem moderna ou fóssil, e que o resultado desejado seja a quantidade de componente de biodiesel “presente” no material, e não a quantidade de material de biodiesel “usado” no processo de fabricação. Pode-se interpretar as porcentagens relatadas como valores máximos (a interpretação mais conservadora).
[Página oficial da ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Datação por radiocarbono
A datação por radiocarbono, desenvolvida pela primeira vez em 1947, depende da produção contínua de um isótopo radioativo – o carbono 14, ou radiocarbono – por raios cósmicos na atmosfera superior. O isótopo se mistura com oxigênio para formar dióxido de carbono, que é filtrado até a biosfera e absorvido por plantas, que são então consumidas por animais.
O carbono 14 é continuamente perdido com o declínio radioativo, mas é equilibrado pela produção constante pelos raios cósmicos. Todos os seres vivos – vegetais e animais – têm a mesma concentração de carbono 14. No entanto, quando uma planta ou um animal morre, sua reposição de carbono 14 pela atmosfera é interrompida. O teor desse isótopo nos restos mortais ou fósseis gradualmente diminui até o ponto em que não sobra essencialmente nada, o que demora aproximadamente cinquenta mil anos.
Os procedimentos de datação por radiocarbono medem com precisão o conteúdo de carbono 14 em diversos materiais, e pelos resultados da datação por carbono é possível calcular quando a planta ou animal morreu. O sistema de datação é uma ferramenta indispensável em arqueologia, geologia e outras ciências da terra.
A datação por radiocarbono é um braço da química e física nucleares. Como a quantidade de carbono 14 é muito pequena, a sua medição requer as técnicas mais sensíveis. Atualmente, utiliza-se dois procedimentos: a datação radiométrica e a datação por espectrometria de massa com aceleradores (AMS).
## Datação radiométrica e datação por AMS
A datação radiométrica mede a radiação produzida pela desintegração do carbono 14, enquanto a datação por espectrometria de massa com aceleradores mede diretamente a concentração de carbono 14 em uma amostra. Ambas as técnicas envolvem uma extensa instrumentação, assim como química complexa na preparação das amostras antes da medição.
Para ambas as técnicas, o pré-tratamento das amostras é importante. Os procedimentos para essas técnicas variam amplamente, dependendo do tipo de material a ser medido. As etapas envolvem uma série de operações físicas e químicas para se eliminar materiais alheios. Cada uma das duas técnicas requer pré-tratamentos distintos, mas ambas envolvem operações em alto vácuo.
Para a medição radiométrica, as amostras são queimadas em um sistema especializado a vácuo para produzir dióxido de carbono. Em seguida, mistura-se isso com lítio derretido para se produzir carbeto de lítio. Após o resfriamento, o carbeto de lítio reage com água para produzir acetileno. O gás é purificado e finalmente convertido em benzeno com o uso de um catalizador de sílica-alumina. Todos esses procedimentos são realizados em sistemas a vácuo de vidro. O benzeno, composto de 92% carbono, é misturado com químicos cintiladores e colocado em um contador a cintilação para a detecção de radiação. Em média, a amostra ficará no contador durante dois dias para que acumule contagens suficientes para produzir estatísticas adequadas. Tanto os padrões contemporâneos quanto os materiais de referência são também medidos, posteriormente, nos mesmos contadores.
As amostras medidas por espectrometria de massa com aceleradores são queimadas para gerar dióxido de carbono que, em seguida, é purificado. O dióxido de carbono reage com hidrogênio para formar grafite em uma linha a vácuo especializada de vidro. O grafite, composto por 100% carbono, é colocado dentro de suportes de alumínio que são acoplados no acelerador de partículas para a medição. A análise demora cerca de trinta minutos. Assim como com a técnica radiométrica, amostras modernas e de referência são medidas em seguida, da mesma forma.
Além disso, todas as amostras são analisadas para se obter o isótopo estável, carbono 13. Isso é essencial para o ajuste dos valores medidos de carbono 14. A medição de carbono 13 é parte integral da datação por radiocarbono, mas não é adequada para a determinação precisa do conteúdo de carbono renovável em relação ao carbono fóssil em misturas.
*Última atualização: julho de 2024*
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### [Misurare il carbonio biobased dei combustibili con ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 è il metodo di analisi standard sviluppato da ASTM International (precedentemente American Society for Testing and Materials) per determinare il contenuto di carbonio biobased/biogenico di solidi, liquidi e gas, attraverso la datazione al radiocarbonio. Poiché può essere utilizzato per analizzare qualsiasi tipo di campione, è riconosciuto come buon metodo analitico per [diversi biocombustibili.](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biocombustibili.html)
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ASTM D6866 è stato pubblicato per la prima volta nel 2004. Successivamente sono state pubblicate altre versioni – ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 e ASTM D6866-22. ASTM D6866-24 è la versione dello standard attualmente valida (febbraio 2024).
La datazione al radiocarbonio è nata come strumento per l’archeologia e per altri campi di studio dei fossili, ma ha trovato poi altre applicazioni, ad esempio la quantificazione della frazione biogenica dei materiali biobased.
Per illustrare il modo in cui ASTM D6866 viene applicato all’analisi dei biocombustibili, usiamo il biodiesel come esempio (segue spiegazione).
## Risultati e interpretazione – ASTM D6866
L’applicazione di ASTM D6866 per misurare il contenuto di biodiesel in una miscela si basa sugli stessi concetti della datazione al radiocarbonio, ma senza l’uso delle equazioni per il calcolo dell’età. Viene effettuata individuando il rapporto tra la quantità di radiocarbonio (carbonio-14) presente in un campione di età sconosciuta e quella di uno standard moderno di riferimento. Questo rapporto è riportato come una percentuale in unità “pMC” (percentuale carbonio moderno). Se il materiale analizzato contiene sia radiocarbonio moderno sia carbonio fossile (che non contiene radiocarbonio), il valore pMC ottenuto sarà direttamente connesso alla quantità di biodiesel presente nel campione.
La presenza simultanea di carbonio fossile e carbonio moderno in un materiale comporta una diluizione della pMC. Presumendo che 99.7 pMC rappresenti i materiali moderni presenti nel biodiesel e che 0 pMC rappresenti i derivati del petrolio, il valore pMC misurato per quel materiale rifletterà le proporzioni dei due tipi di componenti. Un materiale derivato al 100% da soia “moderna” restituirebbe un valore radiocarbonico vicino a 99.7 pMC. Se il materiale fosse diluito con derivati del petrolio al 50%, il valore radiocarbonico sarebbe vicino a 50 pMC.
I risultati di ASTM D6866 riguardano materiali forniti senza alcuna considerazione delle informazioni sull’origine. Questa situazione è altamente probabile nella vita reale. Il valore medio indicato in questo report si estende a una gamma assoluta del 6% (più e meno 3% rispetto al risultato medio per il biodiesel) per tenere conto delle variazioni nella firma isotopica del radiocarbonio del componente finale (un’approssimazione conservativa). Si presume che tutti i materiali siano o moderni o di origine fossile e che il risultato desiderato sia la quantità di biodiesel presente nel materiale e NON la quantità di biodiesel utilizzata nel processo di produzione. Le percentuali riportate possono essere interpretate come valori massimi (l’interpretazione più conservativa).
[Pagina ufficiale ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Datazione al radiocarbonio
La datazione al radiocarbonio, sviluppata nel 1947, fa affidamento sulla produzione continua di un isotopo radioattivo, il carbonio-14 o radiocarbonio, da parte dei raggi cosmici nell’alta atmosfera. Questo isotopo si combina con l’ossigeno per formare anidride carbonica, che raggiunge la biosfera e viene assorbita dalle piante, che vengono poi mangiate dagli animali.
Il carbonio-14 viene continuamente perduto per decadimento radioattivo, ma l’equilibrio viene ristabilito dalla continua produzione di questo isotopo ad opera dei raggi cosmici. Tutti gli esseri viventi, piante e animali, presentano la stessa concentrazione di carbonio-14. Tuttavia, quando la pianta o l’animale muore, il suo carbonio-14 non viene più sostituito dall’atmosfera. La quantità di questo isotopo nei resti o nei fossili diminuisce gradualmente fino al punto in cui si esaurisce, dopo circa cinquantamila anni.
Le procedure utilizzate nella datazione al radiocarbonio misurano in modo accurato il carbonio-14 presente in diversi materiali; tramite la datazione al carbonio è poi possibile calcolare il momento della morte della pianta o dell’animale. Il sistema di datazione è uno strumento indispensabile per l’archeologia, la geologia e altre scienze della terra.
La datazione al radiocarbonio è un ramo della chimica e della fisica nucleare. Poiché la quantità di carbonio-14 è molto piccola, è necessario utilizzare le tecniche più sensibili per queste misurazioni. Ci sono due procedure attualmente in uso: la datazione radiometrica e la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore.
## Datazione radiometrica e AMS a confronto
La datazione radiometrica misura la radiazione prodotta dalla disintegrazione del carbonio-14, mentre la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore misura direttamente la concentrazione di carbonio-14 in un campione. Entrambe le tecniche richiedono l’uso di una grande quantità di strumenti e di reazioni chimiche complesse durante preparazione del campioni, che precede la misurazione.
Per entrambe le tecniche, il pretrattamento dei campioni è molto importante. Le procedure per queste tecniche variano a seconda del tipo di materiale da analizzare. I passaggi consistono in vari trattamenti fisici e chimici atti a eliminare le sostanze estranee. I pretrattamenti sono diversi per le due tecniche, ma entrambe prevedono operazioni in condizioni di alto vuoto.
Per le misurazioni radiometriche, i campioni vengono bruciati in un sistema a vuoto specializzato per produrre anidride carbonica, che viene poi combinata con litio fuso per produrre carburo di litio. Dopo il raffreddamento, il carburo di litio viene fatto reagire con acqua per produrre acetilene. Questo gas viene quindi purificato e infine convertito in benzene in presenza di un catalizzatore silicoalluminato. Tutte queste procedure vengono effettuate in un sistema a vuoto in vetro. Il benzene, che è formato al 90% da carbonio, viene miscelato con sostanze chimiche scintillanti e posizionato in un contatore a scintillazione liquida per la misurazione delle radiazioni. In media, il campione resterà in un contatore per due giorni, in modo da accumulare misurazioni sufficienti a fornire dati statistici affidabili. Sia gli standard contemporanei, sia i materiali di riferimento sono misurati negli stessi contatori.
I campioni destinati alla spettrometria di massa con acceleratore vengono bruciati per essere convertiti in anidride carbonica, che viene poi purificata. L’anidride carbonica viene fatta reagire con idrogeno per formare la grafite, all’interno di una linea del vuoto in vetro specializzata. La grafite, composta al 100% da carbonio, viene inserita in un supporto in alluminio e posizionata nell’acceleratore di particelle per la misurazione. L’analisi richiede circa trenta minuti. Come nella tecnica radiometrica, i campioni moderni e di riferimento sono misurati allo stesso modo.
Inoltre, per tutti i campioni viene analizzato l’isotopo stabile carbonio-13. Questo è essenziale per la correzione dei valori di carbonio-14 misurati. La misurazione del carbonio-13 è parte integrante della datazione al radiocarbonio, ma da sola non può distinguere con precisione il contenuto rinnovabile di una miscela da quello fossile.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: luglio 2024*
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### [Mesure de la teneur en carbone biosourcé des carburants par l’ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
L’ASTM D6866 est la méthode de test standard développée par l’ASTM International (précédemment appellée la Société Américaine pour les Tests et les Matériaux – American Society for Testing and Materials) pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biosourcé/biogène des échantillons solides, liquides et gazeux en utilisant l’analyse radiocarbone. Cette méthode pouvant être appliquée à tous les types d’échantillons, elle a été reconnue comme étant une très bonne méthode analytique pour différents [types de biocarburants.](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/a-propos-biocarburants.html)
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L’ASTM D6866 a été publiée pour la première fois en 2004. Plusieurs versions ont été publiées depuis – ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 ou ASTM D6866-22. La version actuelle de la norme est l’ASTM D6866-24 en vigueur depuis février 2024.
La méthode de datation au radiocarbone a débuté comme un outil en archéologie et pour d’autres études de fossiles, mais elle a aujourd’hui trouvé d’autres applications, comme la quantification des fractions biogènes dans les matériaux biosourcés.
Afin d’illustrer comment l’ASTM D6866 est appliquée pour le test de biocarburants, utilisons le biodiesel comme exemple (explication ci-dessous).
## Les résultats ASTM D6866 et leur interprétation
L’application de l’ASTM D6866 pour dériver le contenu en biodiesel d’un mélange est construite sur les mêmes concepts que la datation par le radiocarbone, mais sans l’usage des équations d’âge. Les calculs sont effectués par dérivation d’un ratio d’une quantité de radiocarbone (carbone 14) dans l’échantillon inconnu à celle d’un échantillon de référence moderne. Ce ratio est reporté sous forme de pourcentage avec l’unité “pMC” (pourcentage de Carbone Moderne). Si le matériau analysé est un mélange de radiocarbone moderne et de carbone fossile (qui ne contient plus de radiocarbone), alors la valeur pMC obtenue est en corrélation directe avec la quantité de biodiesel présente dans l’échantillon.
Combiner du carbone fossile avec du carbone moderne dans un matériau va résulter en la dilution de la teneur pMC en carbone moderne. En présumant que 99.7 pMC représente les matériaux biosourcés modernes et que 0 pMC représente des dérivés de pétrole, la valeur pMC mesurée pour ce matériau reflètera les proportions des deux types de composés. Un matériau dérivé à 100% de graines de soja donnera une signature radiocarbone proche de 99.7 pMC. Si ce matériau a été dilué avec 50% de dérivés de pétrole, il donnera une signature radiocarbone proche de 50 pMC.
Les résultats ASTM D6866 impliquent des matériaux fournis sans aucune information sur leur source. Cette situation est hautement probable dans une situation réelle. La valeur moyenne de référence dans ce rapport englobe une fourchette absolue de 6% (plus ou moins 3% de chaque côté du résultat moyen pour le biodiesel) pour prendre en compte les variations dans les signatures radiocarbone pour les composés finaux (une approximation conservative). Cela présume que les matériaux sont d’origine fossile ou modernes, et que le résultat désiré est la teneur en composé biodiesel “présent” dans le matériau et NON PAS la teneur en matériau biodiesel “utilisé” dans le processus de fabrication. Il est possible d’interpréter les pourcentages rapportés comme des valeurs maximales (l’interprétation la plus conservative).
[Page officielle de l’ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## La datation au radiocarbone
La datation au radiocarbone, développée en 1947, dépend de la production continue d’un isotope radioactif – carbone 14 ou radiocarbone – par les rayonnements cosmiques dans la haute atmosphère. L’isotope se combine avec l’oxygène pour former le dioxyde de carbone, qui va filtrer en descendant dans la biosphère et être absorbé par les plantes, qui sont à leur tour mangées par les animaux.
Le carbone 14 diminue continuellement par décroissance radioactive, mais est continuellement produit par les rayons cosmiques. Tous les organismes vivants, plantes et animaux, vont avoir la même concentration en carbone 14. Cependant, quand les plantes ou animaux meurent, leur concentration en carbone 14 n’est plus maintenue par l’apport de l’atmosphère. La teneur en cet isotope dans les restes morts ou fossiles va graduellement décroître jusqu’à disparition complète, le processus prenant approximativement 50000 ans.
Les procédures de datation radiocarbone mesurent avec précision la teneur en carbone 14 dans des matériaux variés, et à partir de ces résultats de datation, il est possible de mesurer la date de la mort de la plante ou l’animal. Le système de datation est un outil indispensable pour l’archéologie, la géologie, et d’autres sciences de la Terre.
La datation radiocarbone est une branche de la chimie nucléaire et de la physique. Etant donné que la quantité en carbone 14 est très faible, les techniques les plus sensibles pour ces mesures sont requises. Deux procédures sont utilisées actuellement, la datation radiométrique, et la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur.
## Datation radiométrique vs. AMS
La datation radiométrique mesure la radiation produite par la désintégration du carbone 14 alors que la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur mesure la concentration en carbone 14 dans l’échantillon. Il y a beaucoup de manipulations instrumentales dans les deux techniques, autant que de manipulations chimiques complexes dans le processus de préparation des échantillons avant la mesure.
Pour les deux techniques, les prétraitements des échantillons sont importants. Les procédures pour ces techniques varient beaucoup, selon le type de matériau mesuré. Les étapes impliquent différentes opérations physiques et chimiques pour éliminer les matériaux externes. Les étapes de prétraitement pour les deux techniques sont différentes, mais les deux impliquent des opérations sous vide.
Pour la mesure radiométrique, les échantillons sont soumis à combustion dans un système spécialisé sous vide pour produire du dioxyde de carbone. Il est alors combiné à du lithium en fusion pour produire du carbure de lithium. Après refroidissement, le carbure de lithium est mis en réaction avec de l’eau pour produire de l’acétylène. Ce gaz est purifié et finalement converti en benzène en utilisant un catalyseur silice-alumine. Toutes ces procédures sont réalisées dans des systèmes sous vide en verre. Le benzène, qui est composé à 92% de carbone, est mélangé à des produits chimiques de scintillation et placé dans des compteurs de scintillation liquide pour la détection de radiation. En moyenne, l’échantillon va rester dans le compteur pendant 2 jours pour accumuler assez de données pour donner des statistiques raisonnables. Des matériaux de référence ainsi que des matériaux d’âge récent sont mesurés en même temps dans le même compteur.
Les échantillons analysés par spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur subissent une combustion en dioxyde de carbone, et sont ensuite purifiés. Le dioxyde de carbone est mis à réagir avec de l’hydrogène pour former du graphite dans une ligne de vide en verre. Le graphite, qui est composé à 100% de carbone, est placé dans des porte-cibles en aluminium et placé dans le réceptacle de l’accélérateur pour la mesure. L’analyse prend environ 30 minutes. Comme pour la technique par radiométrie, des échantillons modernes et de référence sont mesurés de la même façon.
De plus, l’analyse de l’isotope stable carbone 13 est réalisée sur tous les échantillons. Cette mesure est essentielle pour l’ajustement des valeurs mesurées de carbone 14. La mesure carbone 13 est une partie intégrale de la datation au radiocarbone alors qu’elle n’est pas adaptée pour déterminer précisément la teneur renouvelable par rapport à la teneur fossile des mélanges.
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : juillet 2024*
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### [Midiendo el contenido de carbono de origen biológico de los combustibles conforme al método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El método ASTM D6866 es el método de prueba estándar desarrollado por ASTM International (anteriormente conocida como la Sociedad Americana para Pruebas y Materiales) para determinar el contenido de carbono de origen biológico/biogénico de muestras sólidas, líquidas y gaseosas utilizando análisis de radiocarbono. Dado que puede usarse para analizar cualquier tipo de muestra, se le reconoce como un método analítico muy bueno para diferentes [tipos de biocombustible.](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/sobre-los-biocombustibles.html)
**[SOLICITE UN PRESUPUESTO](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")**
El método de la datación por radiocarbono empezó como una herramienta en arqueología y otros estudios de materiales fósiles, pero ahora ha encontrado otras aplicaciones, particularmente para la cuantificación de las fracciones biogénicas en materiales de origen biológico.
El estándar ASTM D6866 fue publicado por primera vez en 2004. Varias versiones han sido publicadas desde entonces: ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 y ASTM D6866-22. Desde Febrero de 2024, ASTM D6866-24 es la versión vigente de la norma.
Para ilustrar cómo se aplica el método ASTM D6866 al análisis de biocombustibles, podemos utilizar el biodiesel como ejemplo (explicación a continuación).
## Resultados e interpretación del análisis ASTM D6866
La aplicación del método ASTM D6866 para derivar el contenido de biodiesel en una mezcla parte de los mismos conceptos que la datación por radiocarbono, pero sin el uso de ecuaciones de edad. Se realiza derivando una relación de la cantidad de radiocarbono (carbono 14) en una muestra desconocida con respecto a la encontrada en un estándar de referencia moderno. La relación se expresa como porcentaje con las unidades “pMC” (porcentaje de carbono moderno). Si el material sometido a análisis es una mezcla de radiocarbono contemporáneo y carbono fósil (el cual no contiene radiocarbono), entonces el valor pMC obtenido se correlaciona directamente con la cantidad de biodiesel presente en la muestra.
La combinación de carbono fósil y carbono contemporáneo en un material resultará en la disminución del contenido de pMC contemporáneo. Suponiendo que 99.7 pMC representa materiales de biodiesel contemporáneos y 0 pMC representa derivados del petróleo, el valor pMC medido en el material reflejará las proporciones de los dos tipos de componentes. Un material derivado al 100% de semillas de soja contemporáneas arrojará un registro de radiocarbono cercano a los 99.7 pMC. Si el material fue diluido con 50% de derivados del petróleo arrojará un registro de radiocarbono de aproximadamente 50 pMC.
Los resultados del análisis conforme al método ASTM D6866 involucran materiales proporcionados sin ninguna información de la fuente. Esta situación es altamente probable en un escenario real. El Valor Promedio citado en este informe comprende un rango absoluto de 6% (más y menos 3% a cada lado del Resultado Promedio de Biodiesel) para tomar en cuenta las variaciones en los registros de radiocarbono del componente final (una aproximación conservadora). Se presume que todos los materiales son contemporáneos o de origen fósil, y que el resultado deseado es la cantidad del componente de biodiesel “presente” en el material y NO la cantidad de material de biodiesel “usado” en el proceso de fabricación. Se pueden interpretar los porcentajes citados como valores máximos (la interpretación más conservadora).
[Página oficial del estándar ASTM D6866](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Datación por radiocarbono
La datación por radiocarbono, desarrollada por primera vez en 1947, depende de la producción continua de un isótopo radioactivo, el carbono 14 o radiocarbono, por los rayos cósmicos en la atmósfera superior. El isótopo se combina con el oxígeno para formar dióxido de carbono, el cual se filtra hacia la biósfera y es absorbido por las plantas, de las cuales se alimentan los animales.
El carbono 14 se pierde continuamente por el decaimiento radioactivo, pero esto es compensado por la producción continua de los rayos cósmicos. Todos los seres vivos, plantas y animales, tendrán la misma concentración de carbono 14. Sin embargo, cuando las plantas o animales mueren, sus niveles de carbono 14 ya no son reemplazados por la atmósfera. El contenido de este isótopo en los restos o fósiles mortales disminuye gradualmente hasta un punto en el que no queda nada, lo cual toma aproximadamente cincuenta mil años.
Los procedimientos de datación por radiocarbono miden en forma precisa el contenido de carbono 14 en varios materiales, y a partir de ello, se puede calcular el tiempo en que la planta o el animal murió. El sistema de datación es una herramienta indispensable en arqueología y en muchos estudios de geología y otras ciencias de la Tierra.
La datación por radiocarbono es una rama de la química y física nuclear. Debido a que las cantidades de carbono 14 son muy pequeñas, se requiere de las técnicas más sensibles para su medición. Actualmente se utilizan dos procedimientos: radiometría y espectrometría de masas con aceleradores.
## La datación radiométrica frente a la datación por AMS
La datación radiométrica mide la radiación producida por la desintegración del carbono 14, mientras que la espectrometría de masas con aceleradores mide directamente la concentración de carbono 14 en una muestra. Ambas técnicas conllevan una extensa instrumentación, así como complicados procesos químicos en la preparación de las muestras antes de la medición.
Tanto para las técnicas de radiometría como de espectrometría de masas con aceleradores, los pretratamientos de las muestras pueden ser importantes. Estos procedimientos pueden variar ampliamente, dependiendo del tipo de material sometido a medición. Los pasos a seguir consisten en varias operaciones físicas y químicas para eliminar materiales externos. Después de ello, los tratamientos para las dos técnicas difieren, pero ambas involucran operaciones de alto vacío.
Para medición radiométrica, las muestras se queman en un sistema de vacío especializado para producir dióxido de carbono, el cual se combina posteriormente con litio fundido para producir carburo de litio. Después de enfriarse, el carburo de litio se hace reaccionar con agua para producir acetileno. Este gas es purificado y convertido finalmente a benceno usando un catalizador de silicio y alúmina. Todos estos procedimientos se llevan a cabo en sistemas de vacío de vidrio. El benceno, que contiene 92 por ciento de carbono, es mezclado con químicos de centelleo y colocado en un contador de centelleo líquido para la detección de radiación. En promedio, la muestra permanecerá en un contador durante dos días a fin de acumular las cuentas suficientes para generar estadísticas razonables. Tanto estándares contemporáneos como materiales de referencia se miden subsecuentemente en los mismos contadores.
Las muestras para espectrometría de masas con aceleradores se queman para generar dióxido de carbono, el cual es posteriormente purificado. El dióxido de carbono se hace reaccionar con hidrógeno para formar grafito en una línea de vacío de vidrio especializada. El grafito, 100 por ciento carbono, es puesto en soportes de aluminio y colocado en el acelerador de partículas para su medición. El análisis toma cerca de treinta minutos. Como en la técnica de radiometría, muestras modernas y de referencia se miden posteriormente de la misma manera.
Adicionalmente, en todas las muestras se analiza el isótopo estable, el carbono 13. Esto es esencial para ajustar los valores de carbono 14 medidos. La medición del carbono 13 es una parte fundamental de la datación por radiocarbono, aunque no es adecuado para determinar en forma precisa el contenido de material renovable y fósil en las mezclas.
*Última actualización de la página: Julio de 2024*
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### [Den biobasierten Kohlenstoffanteil in Kraftstoffen mittels ASTM D6866 messen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 ist das Standardtestverfahren, um den biobasierten/biogenen Kohlenstoffanteil in festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Proben mittels der Radiokohlenstoff Analyse zu bestimmen. Die Methode wurde von ASTM International (ehemals American Society for Testing and Materials) entwickelt. ASTM D6866 ist eine sehr gute analytische Methode für die Analyse von verschiedenen [Biokraftstoffen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/ueber-biokraftstoffe.html), da sie auf alle Arten von Proben angewendet werden kann.
**[ANGEBOT ANFORDERN](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")**
ASTM D6866 wurde erstmals im Jahr 2004 veröffentlicht. Mehrere Versionen wurden seitdem publiziert – ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 und ASTM D6866-22. ASTM D6866-24 ist seit Februar 2024 die aktuelle Version des Standards.
Die Methode der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung mag zuerst als Werkzeug in der Archäologie und anderen fossilen Studien Anwendung gefunden haben, allerdings änderte sich dies, als man begann die Methode für die Quantifizierung der biogenen Anteile in biobasierten Materialien zu verwenden.
Um darzustellen, wie ASTM D6866 auf eine Prüfung von Biokraftstoffen angewendet wird, verwenden wir Biodiesel als Beispiel (Erklärung unten).
## ASTM D6866 Ergebnisse und Interpretation
Die Verwendung von ASTM D6866, um den Anteil von Biodiesel in einem Gemisch zu bestimmen basiert auf den gleichen Konzepten wie die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung, allerdings ohne die Verwendung von Altersgleichungen. Man misst das Verhältnis von Radiokohlenstoff (Kohlenstoff-14) in einer unbekannten Proben verglichen mit einem modernen Referenzstandard. Dieses Verhältnis wird als Prozentsatz in “pMC” (Prozent modernen Kohlenstoff) Einheiten berichtet. Wenn das analysierte Material ein Gemisch aus heutigem Radiokohlenstoff und fossilem Kohlenstoff (enthält kein Radiokohlenstoff mehr) enthält, korreliert der gewonnen pMC Wert direkt mit der Menge an Biodiesel in der Probe.
Die Kombination von fossilem Kohlenstoff mit heutigem Kohlenstoff in einem Material resultiert in einer Verdünnung des heutigen pMC Anteils. 99.7 pMC repräsentiert heutige Biodiesel-Materialien und 0 pMC repräsentiert Erdölderivate. Der gemessene pMC Wert für das Material spiegelt die Anteile beider Komponenten wieder. Ein Material, das zu 100% aus heutigen Sojabohnen besteht, ergibt eine Radiokohlenstoff-Signatur von 99.7 pMC. Wenn dieses Material mit 50% Erdölderivaten verdünnt wird, liegt die Radiokohlenstoff-Signatur bei 50 pMC.
Die ASTM D6866 Ergebnisse beinhalten Materialien, die ohne Informationen über deren Quelle zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Diese Situation kommt sehr nah an eine reale Situation heran. Der im Bericht zitierte Mittelwert umfasst einen absoluten Bereich von 6% (plus und minus 3% auf beiden Seiten des Biodiesel Ergebnisses), um Schwankungen in den Radiokohlenstoff-Signaturen der Endkomponenten berücksichtigen zu können (eine konservative Näherung). Es wird angenommen, dass alle Materialien entweder heutigen oder fossilen Ursprungs sind und dass das gewünschte Ergebnis gleich der Menge der Biodiesel Komponente “präsent” in dem Material ist und NICHT die Menge an Biodiesel-Material, die während des Herstellungsprozesses „verwendet“ wurde. Man kann die Prozentangaben als Maximalwerte interpretieren (die konservativste Interpretation).
[Offizielle ASTM D6866 Seite](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung wurde erstmals im Jahre 1947 entwickelt und basiert auf der kontinuierlichen Produktion eines radioaktiven Isotops—Kohlenstoff-14 oder Radiokohlenstoff—durch kosmische Strahlen in der oberen Atmosphäre. Das Isotop verbindet sich mit Sauerstoff und bildet Kohlendioxid, welches nach unten durch die Biosphäre gefiltert wird und von Pflanzen aufgenommen wird, die wiederum von Tieren gefressen werden.
Kohlenstoff-14 geht durch den radioaktiven Zerfall kontinuierlich verloren, dies wird allerdings durch die kontinuierliche Produktion mittels kosmischer Strahlung ausgeglichen. Alle Lebewesen, Pflanzen und Tiere haben die gleiche Konzentration an Kohlenstoff-14. Allerdings wird der Kohlenstoff-14 von der Atmosphäre nicht ersetzt, wenn Pflanzen oder Tiere sterben. Der Isotopengehalt in den abgestorbenen Überresten oder Fossilien nimmt allmählich ab, bis kein Radiokohlenstoff mehr vorhanden ist. Dieser Vorgang dauert ca. 50.000 Jahre.
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungsverfahren messen den Kohlenstoff-14 Gehalt in verschiedenen Materialien sehr genau und mit Hilfe der Kohlenstoff-Datierungsergebnisse kann man berechnen, wann die Pflanze oder das Tier gestorben ist. Dieses Datierungssystem ist ein unverzichtbares Werkzeug für Archäologie, Geologie und andere Geowissenschaften.
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung ist ein Zweig der Physik und Kernchemie. Da die Menge an Kohlenstoff-14 sehr gering ist, sind die empfindlichsten Techniken für die Messung erforderlich. Derzeit werden hierfür zwei Verfahren verwendet, die radiometrische Datierung und die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS).
## Radiometrische Datierung vs. AMS
Die radiometrische Datierung misst die Strahlung, die bei der Zersetzung von Kohlenstoff-14 entsteht, während die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie die Kohlenstoff-14 Konzentration in einer Probe misst. Für beide Techniken werden sehr umfangreiche Instrumente benötigt und eine komplizierte Probenaufbereitung vor der Messung.
Sowohl für die radiometrische Datierung, als auch für die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie ist die Aufbereitung der Proben sehr wichtig. Die Vorgehensweisen für beide Techniken variieren stark, abhängig von der Art des zu messenden Materials. Die Vorgehensweisen beinhalten verschiedene physikalische und chemische Vorgänge, um eventuelle Fremdstoffe zu beseitigen. Die Vorbehandlungschritte für beide Techniken sind verschieden, allerdings beinhalten beide Techniken Prozesse unter Hochvakuum.
Für die radiometrische Messung werden die Proben in einem speziellen Vakuumsystem verbrannt, um Kohlendioxid zu erzeugen. Dieses wird dann mit geschmolzenem Lithium kombiniert, um Lithiumkarbid zu erzeugen. Nach dem Abkühlen wird das Lithiumkarbid mit Wasser zur Reaktion gebracht, um Acetylen zu erzeugen. Das Gas wird gereinigt und schließlich unter Verwendung eines Siliziumdioxid-Aluminiumoxid-Katalysators zu Benzol umgewandelt. Alle diese Verfahren werden in Glas-Vakuum-Systemen durchgeführt. Das Benzol besteht zu 92% aus Kohlenstoff und wird mit Szintillator-Chemikalien gemischt und in einem Flüssigszintillationszähler zur Strahlungsdetektion platziert. Im Durchschnitt bleibt die Probe für zwei Tage im Zähler, um genug Zählungen zu generieren, die für eine angemessene Statistik gebraucht werden. Sowohl moderne Standards, als auch Hintergrund-Materialien werden anschließend in den selben Zählern gemessen.
Proben für die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie werden zu Kohlendioxid verbrannt, das dann gereinigt wird. Das Kohlendioxid wird dann mit Wasserstoff in einer speziellen Glas-Vakuum-Leitung zur Reaktion gebracht, um Graphit zu erhalten. Das Graphit besteht zu 100% aus Kohlenstoff und wird in Aluminium Target-Halter platziert und anschließend in einem Partikelbeschleuniger gemessen. Die Analyse dauert ca. 30 Minuten. Wie bei der radiometrischen Methode, werden auch hier anschließend moderne Standards und Hintergrund-Materialien gemessen.
Zusätzlich werden alle Proben auf das stabile Kohlenstoff-13 Isotop analysiert. Dies ist für die Anpassung der gemessenen Kohlenstoff-14 Werte essentiell. Die Kohlenstoff-13 Messung ist ein integraler Bestandteil der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung, ist aber für die präzise Bestimmung von erneuerbaren vs. fossilen Inhalten in Gemischen nicht geeignet.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Juli 2024*
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### [United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/cdm-am0025.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- The UN CDM has developed AM0025 – a methodology applicable to solid waste management projects
- AM0025, which required ASTM D6866 testing, was replaced by ACM0022
- Beta Analytic’s experience in ASTM D6866 testing will help companies with CDM projects obtain reliable results
The UNFCCC Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has different methodologies for specific projects. An example is the AM0025, an approved large-scale methodology on solid waste management.
The AM0025 (avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes) required [ASTM D6866 testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) to estimate the fossil carbon percentage in emissions from waste-derived fuels such as municipal solid waste. This methodology was replaced in 2012 by ACM0022 (Large-scale Consolidated Methodology – Alternative waste treatment processes).
The **ACM0022** methodology recommends **ASTM D6866** testing to project participants who wish to measure the fraction of fossil carbon in the total carbon content of municipal solid waste. Version 2.0, the active version of the ACM0022 methodology, is valid from November 28, 2014.
ACM0022 is applicable to projects involving one or a combination of these waste treatment options:
- Composting process in aerobic conditions
- Gasification to produce syngas and its use
- Anaerobic digestion with biogas collection and flaring and/or its use
- Mechanical/thermal treatment process to produce [refuse-derived fuel](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html) (RDF)/stabilized biomass and its use
- Incineration of fresh waste for energy generation, electricity and/or heat
- Treatment of wastewater in combination with solid waste, by co-composting or in an anaerobic digester
## About the CDM
The UNFCCC Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of three market-based mechanisms developed to aid countries in meeting their greenhouse gas emission reduction targets as established by the Kyoto Protocol. It is the first global environmental credit scheme of its kind.
Through the CDM, industrialized countries can earn Certified Emission Reduction (CER) credits via projects in developing countries. These projects must reduce or remove greenhouse gas emissions. Project owners can earn CERs, which can be traded and sold. One CER is equivalent to one ton of carbon dioxide.
Demand for the CDM and its CERs was very high in the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, which ended in 2012. The demand dropped significantly in succeeding years despite the CDM’s successes.
From October 1, 2011 to September 30, 2012, there were 1,747 projects registered and 1,256 projects issued with CERs. In the next reporting period, there were 2,181 projects registered and 1,779 projects issued with CERs. The drop in demand started in the 2013-2014 reporting period; there were only 208 projects registered and 575 projects issued with CERs. In the 2016-2017 reporting period, there were only 53 projects registered and 456 projects issued with CERs. \[Source: 2017 annual report of the Executive Board of the CDM to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol ([PDF](https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2017/cmp13/eng/05.pdf))\].
## ASTM D6866 Incorporated in Regulations
- Western Climate Initiative – intergovernmental organization composed of 7 U.S. states and 4 Canadian provinces that aim to reduce GHG in the region
- AB32 – climate change policy in California
- [EU ETS](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-euets.html "About ASTM D6866 in EU-ETS scheme") – Europe’s greenhouse gas cap-and-trade system
- US EPA – U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
## Beta Analytic Provides ASTM D6866 Testing for CDM Projects
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic is committed to provide UN CDM project owners with high-quality ASTM D6866 testing. The lab has opened a facility in Beijing, China, for the convenience of clients with CDM projects in the country. Owners of UN CDM projects in other parts of the world are encouraged to send their samples to Beta Analytic’s headquarters in Miami, Florida.
*Last updated: August 2018*
---
### [Carbon-14 Analysis – A Tool for Counterfeit Detection](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/food.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Natural products have become increasingly popular, and as this trend continues the requirement for a reliable counterfeit detection tool is increasingly prevalent. Naturally sourced products are more expensive than their synthetic equivalents, so the adulteration or fraudulent use of the cheaper artificial, usually fossil fuel-derived, version is a problem in the industry. As a result, being able to detect adulterated or fraudulent products has become increasingly important for stakeholders throughout the supply chain, from the manufacturers and distributors to the consumers themselves.
Biobased content testing (Carbon-14 analysis) is a tool for counterfeit detection. By determining the amount of carbon in the product that comes from renewable sources compared to fossil fuel sources, any biobased claims can be verified and synthetic adulteration can be detected. Biobased content testing uses Carbon-14 signatures, the most accurate way to determine natural vs synthetic sources of products.
Curcumin
In addition to being used as food flavoring and coloring, notably as a component of [turmeric](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic/), curcumin is also seen in therapeutic applications. The natural source of [curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html) is the turmeric plant. With the synthetic production route being cheaper, there have been instances where curcumin labelled as “natural” has been adulterated with synthetic components.
Biobased content testing offers a counterfeit detection method to determine whether a product is natural or synthetic or if the natural product has been adulterated with a synthetic counterpart.
Food Labeling
The [U.S. Food & Drug Administration](https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/use-term-natural-food-labeling) considers the term “natural” to mean that nothing artificial or synthetic (including all color additives regardless of source) has been included in, or has been added to, a food. The FDA stresses that its policy was not intended to address food production methods, such as the use of pesticides, nor did it explicitly address food processing or manufacturing methods, such as thermal technologies, pasteurization, or irradiation. The FDA also did not consider whether the term “natural” should describe any nutritional or other health benefit.
## Beta Analytic’s Fast Natural Product Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides Carbon-14 analyses to determine the percentage of natural versus synthetic content of food and dietary supplements. The lab provides results in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic reports results according to international standards ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon. For inquiries, please [email the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
---
### [Understanding Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/carbon14-dating.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Headquartered in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic provides biobased content / renewable carbon measurements to top commercial organizations, government agencies, scientists and engineers. BETA has been the world leader in Carbon-14 analyses since 1979 and has unmatched expertise analyzing complex samples. Call (305) 662-7760 or fill out our sample form today if you’re ready to send samples for testing.
- Radiocarbon, or carbon-14, is present in all living and recently expired matter
- Anything that is more than 50,000 years old no longer has carbon-14
- One industrial application of radiocarbon dating is ASTM D6866
This discussion is a simplified introduction to radiocarbon dating. There are exceptions to the theories and relationships introduced below that are beyond the scope of this discussion.
## What is Radiocarbon?
Carbon is the basis of life and is present in all living things.
Radiocarbon, or carbon-14 (also written as 14C), is an isotope of carbon that is unstable and weakly radioactive. Carbon-14 is present in all living things in minute amounts. Since it is radioactive, it gradually fades away by radioactive decay until it is all gone. Radiocarbon dating uses carbon-14 to determine the last time something (or someone) was alive.
Carbon-14 originates in the upper atmosphere of the earth and is created when neutrons originating from solar radiation bombardment collide with nitrogen in the air. A reaction occurs and a tiny number of these collisions convert nitrogen to carbon-14. This carbon-14 immediately starts to radioactively decay but is constantly being recreated. This leaves the amount in the air relatively constant.
Radiocarbon immediately reacts with oxygen in the air to form carbon dioxide (CO2). This carbon dioxide rapidly mixes throughout the atmosphere, where at ground level it is taken in by plants during photosynthesis. This process is constantly ongoing, so that at any point in time the amount of carbon-14 in living plants is the same as the amount of carbon-14 in the air around them.
Living plants are active components of the overall food chain. Animals eat plants and/or other animals; humans eat plants and animals. Therefore all living plants, animals, and human beings have the same amount of carbon-14 in their bodies at the same time. Their bodies are said to be in “equilibrium” with carbon-14 in the air. Although carbon-14 is radioactively decaying away in the body, it is constantly being replaced by new photosynthesis or the ingestion of food, leaving the amount relatively constant.
When a plant stops assimilating carbon dioxide or when an animal or human being stops eating, the ingestion of carbon-14 also stops and the equilibrium is disrupted. From that time forward, the only process at work in the body is radioactive decay. Eventually, all the carbon-14 in the remains will disappear. This principle applies equally to a person dying, a corn stalk being cut down, or to a soybean plant being pulled out of the ground. When they stop living, they stop taking in carbon-14 from the air around them, and the amount of carbon-14 in the remains gradually disappears.
## Radiocarbon Dating
A radiocarbon dating laboratory is able to measure the amount of carbon-14 remaining in a fossil. It then uses this information to determine the last time the fossil was respiring carbon (i.e. eating or photosynthesizing). A radiocarbon dating lab is able to do this using the known “half-life” of carbon-14. The half-life of carbon-14 is the amount of time it takes for one-half of the original amount to disappear by radioactive decay. This half-life is about 5,700 years and means that every 5,700 years the amount of carbon-14 in a fossil is only one-half of what it was 5,700 years ago. It also means that if a dead plant has 50% as much carbon-14 in it than in a living plant, the dead plant was alive about 5,700 years ago.
After 50,000 years, a fossil won’t have any radiocarbon left in it. Carbon-14 will have all disappeared by radioactive decay. When a radiocarbon dating lab doesn’t see any carbon-14 in a fossil, it knows the fossil is more than 50,000 years old. Petroleum and dinosaur bones are examples of fossil materials that no longer have carbon-14 remaining in them.
## [\[VIDEO\] Inorganic vs Organic Carbon in Biobased Content Testing](#collapseOne)
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Radiocarbon Dating and ASTM D6866
Radiocarbon dating is applicable to biobased content measurements in manufactured products because they contain some combination of recently living materials and fossil materials. The standard developed for this purpose is called ASTM D6866.
Recently living materials (the biobased component) have Carbon-14 in them while fossil materials (derived from petroleum) no longer have this weakly radioactive carbon isotope. Thus all the carbon-14 in the product comes from the biobased component. In the case of a product containing both crop-derived and petrochemical components, ASTM D6866 analysis will use the carbon-14 content to calculate how much of the product is derived from plant components vs. the petroleum-derived components.
Example: A product that is made of 100% polyethylene that came from petroleum will have a 0% biobased content result via ASTM D6866, whereas a product made of 100% polyethylene derived from plants will have an ASTM D6866 biobased content result of 100%.
**Further Reading:**
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products")
[Other Biobased Content Testing Standards](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/test-standards.html)
[ Biobased Content Terms and Definitions ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Biobased materials defined")
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "ASTM D6866 required in USDA BioPreferred Program")
---
### [What is Carbon-Neutral CO2?](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Carbon dioxide emissions are said to be carbon neutral if they are combustion products of biomass or biobased materials. Carbon-neutral CO2 has zero carbon footprint because it has no net effect on the biosphere’s carbon concentration. Biomass, when combusted, releases carbon dioxide which in turn is readily absorbed by plants—the source of biomass. Through this cycle, plants remove carbon from the atmosphere, and carbon is released back to the atmosphere when plants are burned. This balance makes biomass-derived carbon neutral.
## Carbon-Neutral Biomass
The Official Journal of the European Union has listed different types of materials that are considered biomass for the application of its guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Commission. Peat and fossil fractions of the materials listed below are not considered biomass. Unless a contamination with other materials or fuels is apparent based on visual or olfactory evidence, no analytical procedure needs to be applied to demonstrate the purity of members of Group 1 and 2 below, according to the Official Journal of the European Union.
Group 1 — Plants and parts of plants:
- straw
- hay and grass
- leaves, wood, roots, stumps, bark
- crops, e.g. maize and triticale
Group 2 — Biomass wastes, products and by-products:
- industrial waste wood (waste wood from woodworking and wood-processing operations and waste wood from operations in the wood materials industry)
- used wood (used products made from wood) and products and by-products from wood-processing operations
- wood-based waste from the pulp and paper industries, e.g. black liquor (with only biomass carbon)
- crude tall oil, tall oil and pitch oil from the production of pulp
- forestry residues
- lignin from the processing of plants containing ligno-celluose
- animal, fish and food meal, fat, oil and tallow
- primary residues from food and beverage production
- manure
- agricultural plant residues
- sewage sludge
- biogas produced by digestion, fermentation or gasification of biomass
- harbour sludge and other waterbody sludges and sediments
- landfill gas
- charcoal
- natural rubber or latex
Group 3 — Biomass fractions of mixed materials:
- the biomass fraction of flotsam from water body management
- the biomass fraction of mixed residues from food and beverage production
- the biomass fraction of composites containing wood
- the biomass fraction of textile wastes
- the biomass fraction of paper, cardboard, pasteboard
- the biomass fraction of municipal and industrial waste
- the biomass fraction of black liquor containing fossil carbon
- the biomass fraction of processed municipal and industrial wastes
- the biomass fraction of ethyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (ETBE)
- the biomass fraction of butanol
- the biomass fraction of waste tyres resulting from natural rubber and fibres
Group 4 — Fuels whose components and intermediate products have all been produced from biomass:
- bioethanol
- biodiesel
- etherised bioethanol
- biomethanol
- biodimethylether
- bio-oil (a pyrolysis oil fuel) and bio-gas
- hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO)
Source: [European Commission Guidance Document on Biomass issues in the EU ETS MRR Guidance document No. 3, Updated October 2022 (PDF)](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-10/gd3_biomass_issues_en.pdf)
*Page last updated: August 2023*
---
### [下水汚泥からのエネルギー生成](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 再生可能エネルギー源となる下水汚泥
- ASTM D6866 試験により下水汚泥中のバイオマス炭素濃度が決定可能
- 下水汚泥を焼却利用する企業へのベータ・アナリティック社によるASTM D6866試験の提供
下水汚泥を農業利用するためには安全性に配慮して適切に処理されなければいけません。 処理された下水汚泥は、脱水汚泥、乾燥汚泥、コンポスト化汚泥として、栄養分に富んだ汚泥肥料や土壌改良資材として利用されます。 それらは、代替燃料としても利用可能であり、石炭、MSW、木材廃棄物、農業廃棄物のような他の燃料と共に複合燃焼されます。 しかしすべての下水汚泥がエネルギー利用のために焼却されるわけではありません。下水汚泥中の水分量や異物の混入率が高い場合は下水汚泥のエネルギー量が低下します。
## 下水汚泥のASTM D6866試験
西部気候イニシアチブでは乾燥汚泥を廃棄物固形燃料とみなしています。 そのため燃焼用燃料として下水汚泥を使用する場合、 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html) によって燃焼ガスのバイオ由来炭素濃度を測定することを義 務付けています。固形廃棄物燃料一般にいえることですが、下水汚泥も100%バイオマス起源ではありません。 シャンプー、合成洗剤や一般廃棄物中に起因する化石燃料起源物質のために下水汚泥中のバイオマス含有率は低下します。
## 参考文献
Walter Giger et al., 4-Nonylphenol in Sewage Sludge: Accumulation of Toxic Metabolites from Nonionic Surfactants. Science **225**, 623-625(1984). DOI: 10.1126/science.6740328
McEvoy, J., Giger, W. Accumulation of linear alkylbenzenesulphonate surfactants in sewage sludges. *Naturwissenschaften* **72**, 429–431 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404885
## その他の代替燃料
[ごみ固形燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "ASTM Method D6866 testing on waste-derived fuels")
[都市廃棄物](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "ASTM D6866 testing of waste incineration")
[廃タイヤ燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "burning tires and ASTM D6866")
---
### [재생 에너지로서의 하수도 슬러지 (Sewage Sludge)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 하수도 슬러지를 재생 에너지로 만들 수 있습니다.
- 하수도 슬러지는 100% 바이오 매스가 아니기 때문에 서방 기후 계획에 따라 ASTM D6866 실험을 해야 합니다.
- BETA 연구소는 하수도 슬러지를 재생 에너지로 사용하는 기업들에게 정확한 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공합니다.
하수도 슬러지는 농업용으로 안전하게 사용하기 위해 처리를 해야 하며, 이렇게 처리된 하수도 슬러지는 영양소가 풍부한 바이오 고형물로서 원래는 비료로 쓰였지만 요즘은 처리하지 않은 건조한 하수도 슬러지와 섞어 대체연료로 많이 사용합니다. 석탄, 고형 도시 폐자원, 나무 조각들, 농업용 쓰레기와 같은 다른 재생 연료들과 같이 사용됩니다. 하지만 모든 하수도 슬러지가 에너지를 만들기 위해 소각되는 것은 아닙니다. 슬러지에 들어있는 많은 수분과 불활성 물질들로 인해 상대적인 연료 가치는 낮습니다.
---
## 하수도 슬러지의 ASTM D6866 실험
서방 기후 계획에 따르면 건조된 하수도 슬러지는 폐자원 재생 연료입니다. 따라서 하수도 슬러지를 재생 연료로 소각하는 기업은 반드시 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 실험을 통해 하수도 슬러지의 바이오 유래 물질 함량을 계산해야 합니다. 다른 폐자원 재생 연료처럼 하수도 슬러지도 100% 바이오 매스가 아닙니다. 일반 가정용 쓰레기에 나오는 각종 세제나 샴푸, 기타 화석 연료에서 온 화학 물질들로 인해 바이오 매스와 화석 물질이 섞여있는 연료일 뿐입니다.
하수도 슬러지와 바이오 매스가 아닌 물질에 대한 연구 참고 자료:
Walter Giger et al., 4-Nonylphenol in Sewage Sludge: Accumulation of Toxic Metabolites from Nonionic Surfactants. Science **225**, 623-625(1984). DOI: 10.1126/science.6740328
McEvoy, J., Giger, W. Accumulation of linear alkylbenzenesulphonate surfactants in sewage sludges. *Naturwissenschaften* **72**, 429–431 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404885
## 대안 연료들
[폐기물 재생 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "ASTM Method D6866 testing on waste-derived fuels")
[고형 도시 쓰레기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "ASTM D6866 testing of waste incineration")
[폐타이어 재생 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "burning tires and ASTM D6866")
## 실험 결과 보고: 1주일 이내
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 받은 BETA 연구소는 하수도 슬러지와 다른 연료를 혼합해 사용하는 기업들에 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공합니다. 통상 실험 결과는 일주일 정도 걸리며 온라인상으로 확인 가능합니다. 실험에 필요한 샘플 크기는 [여기를](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "ASTM D6866 sample requirements") 참조 바랍니다.
---
### [Scrap Tires and Tire-Derived Fuel](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Tire-derived fuels are used in energy-intensive industries as source of renewable energy
- Biogenic carbon fraction of TDF is measured via ASTM D6866
- ASTM D6866 world leader Beta Analytic helps TDF users comply with regulations by providing certification of their fuels’ biomass content
Their high heating value makes scrap tires a good alternative fuel for industries with energy-intensive processes, e.g. cement plants, electricity-generating facilities, and pulp and paper mills. Tires, when burned, produce the same amount of energy as oil, 25-50% more energy than coal, and 100-200% more energy than wood, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Scrap tires had been used as supplement fuel to coal and wood. Over the years, more and more combustion facilities use scrap tires not only because of their high energy content but also because they are cheaper than coal, produce cleaner emissions, and have low moisture content. The U.S. EPA testing has shown that (a) tire ash residues contain lesser heavy metals than some coals, and (b) tire combustion results in less NOx emissions compared to burning high-sulfur coal.
The U.S. EPA favors the waste-to-energy approach on scrap tires rather than landfill disposal. Tire piles are unfavorable due to fire risks and for health reasons (rats, mosquitoes, and other disease-causing organisms thrive in tire piles).
Millions of scrap tires are generated each year in the U.S., a good portion of which are either recycled into new products, used in civil engineering applications, or reused as tire-derived fuels (TDF). The U.S. EPA recognizes TDF as a viable alternative to fossil fuels based on the agency’s more than 15 years of experience with more than 80 facilities.
Depending on the size of their combustion units, facilities use whole tires or their shredded form called tire-derived fuel.
## Biomass Fraction of Scrap Tires
Depending on size, scrap tires can be up to 30% biomass as measured by ASTM D6866. According to a study by French company Aliapur, used passenger car tires have biomass fractions between 17% to 20% while used truck tires are between 28% to 30% biomass. The biomass components of tires include natural rubber, rayon, and stearic acid.
| Parameter | Used Passenger Car Tires | Used Truck Tires | Coal | Petroleum Coke |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomass | 17-20.3% (ave. 18.3%) | 28.6-29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Carbon | 67.5 – 70.1% (ave. 69.0%) | 59.7-62.6% (61.1%) | 64-68% | 84-97% |
| NCV (MJ/kg) | 29.5 – 30.6 (ave. 30.2) | 26.1 – 26.7 (26.4) | 26 | 32 |
*Table 1 – Select values from the [Aliapur Study. ](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document)*
Due to their significant biomass fractions, combusted scrap tires and tire-derived fuel produce lesser fossil carbon dioxide emissions compared to coal and petroleum coke. Thus, scrap tires make good alternative fuels. They are cheaper and emit less fossil CO2, but their heat output is similar to traditional fuels.
## ASTM D6866 for TDF Emissions Testing
Several regulatory bodies, including the U.S. EPA and the Western Climate Initiative, require cement plants, electric utilities, and other facilities that combust heterogeneous or waste-derived fuels like TDF to determine the biogenic carbon fraction of their CO2 emissions. These agencies recommend the use of [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") for such determination.
Industries burning TDF and other waste-derived fuels need to report their greenhouse gas inventories, which exclude [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "Biogenic CO2"). Knowing the biomass fraction of their emissions through ASTM D6866 would help them reduce their GHG inventories and obtain carbon credits when cap-and-trade systems are in place.
## What are Tire-Derived Fuels?
Tire-derived fuels are scrap tires that have been shredded into pieces typically between one and two inches. The shredding process does not only involve size reduction but also removal of fabric and metal wires, with the latter requiring use of powerful magnets. Due to these processes, TDFs are not as cost-effective as whole tires but are still in demand because not all combustion units can accommodate the size of a whole tire.
Some cement plants use whole tires in their kilns because their combustion units are large enough and the metal wires add iron necessary in making clinker. Paper and pulp mills, on the other hand, need to use de-wired TDF so as not to clog their boiler feed systems or introduce iron to ash that are sold to farmers.
TDF comes in several grades with wire-free TDF up to 50% more expensive than regular TDF.
## Industries Using TDF
***Cement***
The cement industry uses more scrap tire fuels than any other industry. According to U.S. EPA records, about 53 million tires are used in US cement kilns per year. And as of
2006, state and local environmental agencies have approved the use of TDF at 48 cement plants in 21 states.
Cement plants use tires as fuels in making clinker, a primary component in making Portland cement.
***Pulp and Paper***
The pulp and paper industry uses roughly 26 million tires per year as boiler fuel. Pulp and paper mills use TDF instead of whole tires because metal wires can clog their feed systems.
***Electric Utilities***
Boilers of electric utilities use around 24 million tires annually. These boilers combust coal to generate electricity. Due to the high heating value and lower cost of TDF, electricity-generating facilities now use TDF to supplement coal.
***Industrial or Institutional Boilers***
Industrial boilers, which are typically smaller than electric utility boilers, also use TDF as supplement to their mixed fuels. About 17 million tires are used in industrial boilers per year.
## Other Alternative Fuels
[Refuse-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "Waste-derived fuel for ASTM D6866 testing")
[Municipal Solid Waste ](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "About waste incineration and ASTM D6866")
[Sewage Sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "ASTM D6886 for waste-to-energy sewage sludge")
## Beta Analytic Offers ASTM D6866 to TDF Users
Located in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic caters to the needs of tire-derived fuel users by providing the percentage of biogenic carbon, which can be used for various regulatory applications, marketing, and biomass content calculation. ASTM D6866 testing can be done either on the TDF or its combustion emissions. Beta Analytic sampling requirements for solids or gases are found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements").
---
### [Municipal Solid Waste as Source of Renewable Energy](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html)
**Published:** August 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Municipal solid waste is used in several energy-intensive industries as an alternative fuel
- Biogenic carbon fraction of MSW is determined using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic continues to provide ASTM D6866 testing to MSW users
Commonly known as trash or garbage, **Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)** is any “solid phase household, commercial/retail, and/or institutional waste,” according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. MSW consists of everyday items like papers, grass clippings, plastic bags, furniture, clothing, bottles, rubber, metals, food scraps, paint, and batteries. MSW does not only come from residential sources but also from commercial (office buildings, retail and wholesale establishments, restaurants), institutional (libraries, schools, hospitals, prisons), and industrial sources (packaging and administrative). Most wastes classified as MSW are non-hazardous.
As part of their solid waste management program, numerous states in the U.S. are promoting source reduction, recycling, and composting to reduce landfill disposal. Several states have also adopted material disposal bans—leaves, grass clippings, general yard waste, office and computer paper, newsprint, corrugated cardboard, paperboard, glass, plastic, aluminum, and steel containers are banned from disposal facilities.
Many facilities burn MSW at high temperatures not only to reduce their waste volume but also to generate electricity. Though not the most environmentally sound strategy for MSW, combustion of MSW with energy recovery is preferred by the U.S. EPA over landfill disposal and incineration without energy recovery.
## ASTM D6866 for MSW Testing
In its proposed greenhouse gas mandatory reporting rule, the U.S. EPA states that facilities combusting MSW should use ASTM D6866 to determine the biogenic portion of their carbon dioxide emissions.
The Western Climate Initiative’s Essential Requirements for Mandatory Reporting also require ASTM D6866 testing to measure the biomass percentage of carbon dioxide emitted from general stationary combustion units using mixed fuels and waste-derived fuels. This mandate also covers MSW, which the WCI considers as a waste-derived fuel.
Similarly, California’s AB32/SB32 recommends **ASTM D6866 testing** for biogenic carbon determination of emissions from general stationary combustions units in the cement and electricity-generation industries. California is a member of the WCI.
## Renewable Energy from Waste
When MSW is combusted at high temperatures, energy is produced and recovered as heat or steam. The amount of energy produced by burning MSW is not fixed but dependent on the waste stream composition. The non-biogenic components of MSW, e.g. plastics, typically have higher heat content per unit weight than biogenic materials like paper.
According to a [U.S. Energy Information Administration report](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf "Methodology for Allocating Municipal Solid Waste... (pdf)") released in May 2007, the energy content of MSW (expressed as Btu per ton) has steadily increased over time while the percentage of total energy content that comes from biogenic resources has decreased. This increase in total energy content is attributed to increased volume of plastics and other non-biogenic materials in the waste stream. Energy from biogenic resources decreased not only because of the increased volume of plastics but also because paper and paperboard, which make up a large percentage of MSW in the past, are now being recycled instead of burned.
Trends notwithstanding, a significant portion of MSW is still biomass; thus MSW is still a good source of renewable energy. Many regulatory bodies, including the EPA, consider energy from the biogenic fraction of MSW as renewable.
## Other Alternative Fuels
[Refuse-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "Alternative fuel RDF ASTM D6866 testing")
[Tire-derived Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and alternative fuel burning tires")
[Sewage Sludge](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "ASTM D6866 testing on sewage sludge")
## Beta Analytic ASTM D6866 Services
Accredited to the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard, Beta Analytic is committed to help companies comply with regulations like the US EPA’s mandatory reporting rule or initiatives like the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. Companies burning MSW need to determine the biogenic carbon fraction of either the emissions or the solid fuels because biogenic CO2 is deductible from their greenhouse gas inventories under most protocols. Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic accepts samples for ASTM D6866 testing through its forwarding offices in China, Japan, Korea, UK, Spain and Taiwan.
---
### [Stack Gas Carbon Dioxide and its Biogenic Fraction](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Depending on fuel combusted, stack gases may have biogenic CO2.
- Biogenic or carbon-neutral stack gas CO2 is deductible from a company’s greenhouse gas inventory required for reporting under various regulations.
- Beta Analytic provides ASTM D6866 testing on stack gas CO2 and solid fuels. ASTM D6866 measures the biogenic fraction of solid fuels and their combustion emissions.
## ASTM D6866 and D7459 – Standards for Stack Gas CO2 Testing
ASTM D6866 is a standard method employing radiocarbon dating techniques to determine the percentage of “recently fixed carbon” (biogenic fraction) versus “old carbon” (non-biogenic fraction from fossil sources) present in a solid fuel or its stack gas emission. Materials in fuels (municipal solid waste, used tires, sewage sludge, refuse-derived fuels, etc.) with recently fixed carbon include those that are biomass like wood, paper, and others of animal or plant origin. Materials with old carbon include coal and other petroleum-derivatives like plastics. Through ASTM D6866, the amount of recently fixed carbon is known and correlated to a material’s biogenic carbon content. ASTM D6866 measures carbon 14, which is a carbon isotope present in biomass but absent in fossil inputs.
[ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459-08"), on the other hand, is the standard providing specific procedures on the collection of stack gases for ASTM D6866 testing. A gas bag is needed to collect the CO2 from stationary emissions sources.
## Stack Gas CO2 of Energy-Intensive Industries
Emissions from a stack are mostly carbon dioxide. Depending on the solid fuel combusted, this stack gas CO2 can have a biogenic or biomass fraction. Cement plants, for example, burn municipal solid waste or used tires in kilns to produce energy needed in making their products. The portion of MSW or used tires that is biomass produces biogenic CO2 when burned. The portion of wastes that are fossil in origin, on the other hand, emits non-biogenic CO2. The same is true for a plant that co-fires coal with biomass. The biomass portion of the fuel combusted also produces biogenic CO2.
In light of recent regulatory developments in North America and Europe, companies need to know the biogenic portion of the stack gas CO2 because it can be deducted from their greenhouse gas inventories, which are to be annually reported. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in particular, requires reporting of biogenic CO2 separate from non-biogenic CO2 for facilities that combust MSW as fuel or co-fire biomass with fossil-based fuels.
## Regulations Requiring Stack Gas CO2 Testing
There are several regulatory bodies and intergovernmental organizations that require testing of stack gas CO2; foremost of which is the US EPA with its mandate for companies emitting at least 25,000 metric tons CO2 equivalent to submit GHG reports annually. In Europe, companies who want to participate in the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme are also required to measure their stack gas CO2 to obtain carbon credits.
With members in the U.S. and Canada, the Western Climate Initiative also requires stack gas CO2 testing as part of its reporting protocol. Other organizations requiring stack gas CO2 testing include The Climate Registry and the California Air Resources Board (AB32).
A summary of current regulations listed in our website is found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html "Regulations Summary").
## Solid Fuels or Stack Gas CO2, Beta Analytic Can Measure Biogenic Carbon Content
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic accepts stack gas CO2 or solid fuels for ASTM D6866 testing. Flexibility of applicable samples is inherent in the standard. The lab also accepts gas samples stored in absorbent cartridges. Because the method involves converting samples into CO2 then to graphite, samples for ASTM D6866 analysis can be solids, liquids, or in gaseous form. More information on ASTM D6866 and its result interpretation are found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html "ASTM D6866 results interpretation").
---
### [Normative che richiedono l'analisi del contenuto biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/enti-normativi.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **Direttiva UE 2015/720 sui sacchetti biobased**
Dando seguito all’abolizione dei sacchetti per la spesa in plastica nel 2011, da cui erano esclusi i sacchetti per frutta e verdura, il governo italiano ha approvato la Direttiva UE 2015/720, che entrerà in vigore a partire dal 1 gennaio 2018. L’adozione di questa direttiva, che mira a ridurre l’uso di sacchetti di plastica nel paese, comporta che tutti i sacchetti ortofrutta usa e getta distribuiti in Italia dovranno essere compostabili e contenere una quota di carbonio biobased, la cui percentuale aumenterà progressivamente. Il contenuto biobased minimo è stato fissato al 40% per il 2018, sarà alzato al 50% nel 2020 e raggiungerà il 60% nel 2012.
I produttori di sacchetti in bioplastica dovranno certificare la percentuale biobased dei loro prodotti secondo lo standard UNI CEN/TS 16640 (recentemente rinominato [EN 16640:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html "EN 16640:2017")): % carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale. La legge prevede inoltre campagne di informazione mirate a sensibilizzare i consumatori sull’impatto ambientale dei sacchetti di plastica e ad “eliminare la convinzione che la plastica sia un materiale innocuo e poco costoso, favorendo il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di riduzione dell’utilizzo di borse di plastica”.
Fonte: [Articolo 9-bis del Decreto 91/2017](http://documenti.camera.it/leg17/dossier/Testi/D17091b.htm)
- **Decisione della Commissione Europea (EU) 2018/1702 che stabilisce i criteri EU Ecolabel per i lubrificanti**
In accordo con il Criterio 4 – Requisiti in materia di ingredienti rinnovabili, i prodotti finiti che utilizzano il termine “biobased” o “biolubrificante” devono contenere almeno il 25% di carbonio biobased. Per dimostrare la conformità di un prodotto, il richiedente è tenuto a fornire il referto finale del test effettuato secondo lo standard EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o EN 16785-1.
Il nuovo criterio e i relativi requisiti di valutazione e verifica saranno validi fino al 31 dicembre 2024.
Fonte: [Gazzetta ufficiale dell’Unione europea](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG) (8 novembre, 2018)
- **Decreto francese 2016-379 sui sacchetti monouso in plastica**
Il Ministero francese dell’Ecologia, lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e l’Energia ha pubblicato il decreto 2016-379 a marzo 2016 nell’ambito della nuova normativa francese sulla Transizione energetica e la Crescita verde, con lo scopo di ridurre l’uso dei sacchetti di plastica usa e getta. Questo decreto è entrato in vigore a luglio 2016, abolendo i sacchetti della spesa usa e getta in plastica di spessore inferiore a 50 micron. Da gennaio 2017, gli unici sacchetti autorizzati sono quelli che contengono almeno il 30% di materiale biobased. Il contenuto biobased minimo salirà al 40% nel 2018, al 50% nel 2020 e al 60% nel 2025. L’analisi al carbonio-14 è il metodo analitico richiesto per determinare il contenuto biobased.
I produttori di sacchetti in bioplastica devono certificare il contenuto biobased dei loro prodotti attraverso lo standard ISO 16620-2 o CEN/TS 16640. Il decreto afferma che il contenuto biobased è “la percentuale, espressa come una frazione del carbonio totale, di materiale biobased presente nei sacchetti, determinata utilizzando il metodo di calcolo specificato nello standard internazionale relativo alla determinazione del contenuto di carbonio biobased delle plastiche”.
Fonte: [Legifrance](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000032319878?r=uC5LCdwbPm) (31 marzo 2016)
- **Austria – BGBl. I No. 71/2019 sull’abolizione dei sacchetti di plastica monouso**
A luglio 2019, il Consiglio Nazionale austriaco ha votato per vietare l’uso dei sacchetti di plastica monouso a partire da gennaio 2020. Questa decisione è in linea con la [direttiva UE sugli imballaggi](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:31994L0062), la [strategia UE per la plastica](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0028) e la [direttiva sulla plastica monouso (2019/904/UE)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32019L0904).
Il divieto non riguarda:
– Sacchetti di plastica molto leggeri (spessore <0,015 mm), prodotti prevalentemente con materie prime rinnovabili e adatti al compostaggio domestico.
– Sacchetti di plastica riutilizzabili (in tessuto plastico o in materiali contenenti plastica) con pareti e manici cuciti.
Fonti: [BGBl. I No. 71/2019](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20002086)
Ministero federale per l’azione per il clima, l’ambiente, l’energia, la mobilità, l’innovazione e la tecnologia (BMK)
## Organizzazioni che promuovono i prodotti biobased
Esistono diverse organizzazioni europee che promuovono l’uso di prodotti biobased, come le bioplastiche, nell’ambito delle loro iniziative riguardanti i cambiamenti climatici globali.
- **BNPP (Francia)**
Il Bureau de Normalisation des Plastiques et de la Plasturgie (BNPP) mira a promuovere l’uso delle bioplastiche e a riunire gli esperti in materia. Inoltre, il BNPP attua in Francia un programma di certificazione per tutti i prodotti biobased.
- **European Bioplastics (Germania)**
European Bioplastics è un’associazione che rappresenta i produttori, i trasformatori e gli utilizzatori di bioplastiche e polimeri biodegradabili e dei loro derivati. L’associazione mira a promuovere la crescita e l’uso di materie prime rinnovabili e supporta le innovazioni che portano a una riduzione dell’impatto ambientale dei prodotti plastici durevoli e non.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: giugno 2022*
---
### [Réglementations exigeant les analyses du contenu biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/organismes-europeens.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **Directive européenne 2015/720 sur les sacs en plastique biosourcés**
Après une interdiction nationale des sacs en plastique en 2011, qui exclut les sacs à produits, la directive européenne 2015/720 a été adoptée en Italie et sera mise en vigueur à compter du 1er janvier 2018. Destinée à réduire la consommation de sacs en plastique, l’adoption de la directive signifie que tous les sacs à usage unique distribués en Italie devront être compostables et contenir un pourcentage de carbone biosourcé qui augmentera progressivement. La teneur biosourcée minimale qui sera de 40% en 2018 passera à 50% en 2020 et atteindra 60% en 2021.
Les fabricants de sacs bioplastiques sont tenus de certifier le pourcentage biosourcé de leurs produits selon la norme UNI CEN / TS 16640 : % de carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total (maintenant appelé [EN 16640:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html "EN 16640:2017")). La loi prévoit également des campagnes d’information visant à sensibiliser les consommateurs à l’empreinte environnementale des sacs en plastique et « contester la perception erronée que le plastique est un matériau inoffensif et peu coûteux, afin de contribuer à réduire l’utilisation de sacs en plastique ».
Source : [Article 9-bis du décret 91/2017](http://documenti.camera.it/leg17/dossier/Testi/D17091b.htm)
- **(EU) 2018/1702 établissant les critères de l’Ecolabel européen pour les biolubrifiants**
En vertu du critère 4 Exigences relatives aux ingrédients renouvelables, les produits utilisant le terme « biosourcé » ou « biolubrifiant » doivent contenir au moins 25% de carbone biosourcé dans le produit final. Pour démontrer cette conformité, le demandeur de l’écolabel doit soumettre le rapport d’analyse du produit final conformément aux normes EN 16807, ASTM D6866, DIN CEN / TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 ou EN 16785-1.
Les nouveaux critères, ainsi que les exigences d’évaluation et de vérification connexes, sont valables jusqu’au 31 décembre 2024.
Source : [Journal officiel de l’Union européenne](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.285.01.0082.01.ENG) (8 novembre 2018)
- **Décret français 2016-379 sur les sacs en plastique à usage unique**
Le ministère français de l’Écologie, du Développement durable et de l’Énergie a publié le décret 2016-379 en mars 2016 dans le cadre de la nouvelle loi française de transition énergétique pour la croissance verte visant à réduire l’utilisation de sacs en plastique jetables. Ce décret est entré en vigueur en juillet 2016 et interdit les sacs en plastique à usage unique inférieurs à 50 microns. Depuis janvier 2017, les seuls sacs autorisés sont ceux ayant une teneur biosourcée d’au moins 30%. Cette teneur biosourcée minimale passera à 40% en 2018, à 50% en 2020 et à 60% en 2025, comme spécifié dans le décret. L’analyse au carbone 14 est la méthode analytique requise pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée.
Les fabricants de sacs bioplastiques sont tenus de certifier la teneur biosourcée de leurs produits conformément aux normes ISO 16620-2 ou CEN / TS 16640. Le décret stipule également que la teneur biosourcée est « le pourcentage, exprimé en fraction du carbone total, de matériaux biologiques contenus dans les sacs, en utilisant la méthode de calcul spécifiée dans la norme internationale en vigueur pour la détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé des matières plastiques ».
Source : [Décret n° 2016-379](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000032319878?r=uC5LCdwbPm)
- **Le BGBl autrichien. I n° 71/2019 interdisant les sacs en plastique à usage unique**
En juillet 2019, le Conseil national autrichien a voté l’interdiction des sacs en plastique à usage unique à partir de janvier 2020. Cet effort est aligné sur la [directive européenne sur les emballages](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:31994L0062), la [stratégie européenne sur les plastiques et la directive](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0028) sur les [plastiques à usage unique (2019/904/EU)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32019L0904).
L’interdiction ne s’applique pas aux :
– Sacs en plastique très légers (épaisseur < 0,015 mm), fabriqués à partir de matières premières principalement renouvelables et adaptés au compostage domestique.
– Sacs en plastique réutilisables (en tissu plastique ou matériaux contenant du plastique) avec raccords cousus et poignées cousues.
Sources: [BGBl. I No. 71/2019](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20002086)
Ministère fédéral de l’action pour le climat, l’environnement, l’énergie, la mobilité, l’innovation et la technologie (BMK)
## Organismes encourageant les produits biosourcés
Il existe plusieurs organismes en Europe qui encouragent l’utilisation de produits biosourcés, tels que les bioplastiques, dans le cadre d’initiatives prises pour lutter contre le changement climatique.
##### **BNPP (France)**
Le Bureau de Normalisation des Plastiques et de la Plasturgie (BNPP) vise à promouvoir l’utilisation des bioplastiques et rassemble des experts dans ce domaine. Le BNPP a également un programme de certification pour tous les produits bioplastiques en France.
##### **European Bioplastics (Allemagne)**
European Bioplastics est une association qui représente des fabricants industriels, transformateurs, utilisateurs de bioplastiques et de polymères biodégradables et de leurs produits dérivés. L’association a pour but de promouvoir la croissance et l’utilisation de matières premières renouvelables dans la fabrication de produits et applications et soutient les innovations réduisant l’impact environnemental notamment des produits plastiques durables et non durables.
**Sujet associé :**
[Crédits d’impôt pour les producteurs de produits chimiques renouvelables aux Etats-Unis](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)
*Dernière mise à jour : juin 2022*
---
### [Regulaciones que requieren el análisis de contenido de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/organismos-regulatorios.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- **Directiva 2015/720 de la Unión Europea sobre Bolsas de Plástico de Base Biológica**
Tras la prohibición a nivel nacional del uso de bolsas de compras de plástico en 2011, la cual excluyó a las bolsas de productos perecederos, la Directiva 2015/720 de la Unión Europea ha sido adoptada en Italia y entrará en vigor el 1 de enero de 2018. Buscando reducir el consumo de bolsas de plástico, la directiva establece que todas las bolsas desechables de productos perecederos que se distribuyen en Italia tendrán que ser de composta y contener un porcentaje de carbono de base biológica que se incrementará de manera progresiva. El contenido de base biológica mínimo será de 40% en 2018 y se incrementará a 50% en 2020 y alcanzará 60% en 2021.
Los productores de bolsas de bioplástico deben certificar el porcentaje de contenido de base biológica de sus productos conforme a la norma UNI CEN/TS 16640: % de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono total (ahora denominada [EN 16640:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "EN 16640:2017")). La ley también establece campañas de información destinadas a crear consciencia sobre el impacto ambiental de las bolsas de plástico y “confronta la percepción equivocada de que el plástico es un material inofensivo y barato, ayudando a reducir el uso de las bolsas de plástico”.
Fuente: [Artículo 9-bis del Decreto 91/2017](http://documenti.camera.it/leg17/dossier/Testi/D17091b.htm)
- **Decisión de la Comisión Europea (EU) 2018/1702 que establece los criterios de Ecoetiquetado de la Unión Europea para biolubricantes**
De acuerdo con el Criterio 4 sobre Prescripciones de Ingredientes Renovables, los productos que usen los términos “de base biológica” o “biolubricante” deben tener al menos un 25% de contenido de carbono de base biológica en el producto final. Para demostrar el cumplimiento con lo norma, el solicitante del ecoetiquetado debe enviar el informe de análisis del producto final conforme a las normas EN 16807, ASTM D 6866, DIN CEN/TS 16137 (SPEC 91236), EN 16640 o EN 16785-1.
Los nuevos criterios, así como los requisitos de evaluación y verificación asociados, están vigentes hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2024.
Fuente: [Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018D1702&from=EN) (8 de noviembre de 2018)
- **Decreto Francés 2016-379 sobre bolsas de plástico desechables**
El Ministerio Francés de Ecología, Desarrollo Sostenible y Energía publicó el Decreto 2016-379 en marzo de 2016 como parte de la nueva ley francesa sobre transición energética y crecimiento verde que busca reducir el uso de bolsas de plástico desechables. Este decreto entró en vigor en julio de 2016 y prohibió el uso de bolsas de plástico de un solo uso con un grosor menor a 50 micras. A partir de enero de 2017, las únicas bolsas autorizadas son aquellas con un contenido de base biológica de al menos 30%. Este contenido de base biológica mínimo se incrementará al 40% en 2018, al 50% en 2020 y al 60% en 2025, tal como se especifica en el Decreto. El análisis de Carbono-14 es el método analítico requerido para determinar el contenido de base biológica.
Los productores de bolsas de bioplástico deben certificar el contenido de base biológica de sus productos de conformidad con las normas ISO 16620-2 o CEN/TS 16640. El Decreto también establece que el contenido de base biológica es el “porcentaje, expresado como fracción del carbono total, de materiales de base biológica contenido en las bolsas, utilizando el método de cálculo especificado en la norma internacional vigente para determinar el contenido de carbono de base biológica de los plásticos”.
Fuente: [Legifrance](https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000032319878?r=uC5LCdwbPm) (31 de marzo de 2016)
- **Boletín de leyes federales de Austria (BGBI) I N° 71/2019 que prohíbe las bolsas de plástico de un solo uso**
En julio de 2019, el Consejo Nacional de Austria votó para prohibir las bolsas de plástico de un solo uso a partir de enero de 2020. Este esfuerzo está alineado con la [Directiva de envases de la UE](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:31994L0062), la [Estrategia de plásticos de la UE](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0028) y la [Directiva de plásticos de un solo uso (2019/904/UE)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32019L0904).
Esta regulación no aplica a:
– Bolsas de plástico muy ligeras (espesor de < 0.015 mm), fabricadas principalmente con materias primas renovables y adecuadas para el compostaje doméstico.
– Bolsas de plástico reutilizables (hechas de tela plástica o materiales que contengan plástico) con conexiones y asas cosidas.
Referencias: [BGBl. I No. 71/2019](https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=20002086)
Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation, and Technology (BMK)
## Organizaciones que promueven productos de base biológica
Existen varias organizaciones en Europa que promueven el uso de productos de base biológica, como bioplásticos, como parte de sus iniciativas para hacer frente al cambio climático global.
- **BNPP (Francia)**
El Buró de Normalización de Plásticos y de la Industria del Plástico (BNPP) tiene como objetivo promover el uso de bioplásticos y reunir a expertos en la materia. El BNPP cuenta también con un programa de certificación para todos los productos bioplásticos en Francia.
- **European Bioplastics (Alemania)**
European Bioplastics es una asociación que representa a productores, transformadores y usuarios industriales de bioplásticos y polímeros biodegradables y sus productos derivados. La asociación busca promover el crecimiento y uso de materias primas renovables en productos y aplicaciones, y apoya las innovaciones tendientes a aminorar el impacto ambiental de productos plásticos durables y no durables, entre otros.
**Tema relacionado:**
[Créditos fiscales para fabricantes de productos químicos de origen renovable en Estados Unidos](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-chemicals-production-tax-credits/)
*Última actualización: Junio de 2022*
---
### [Programa europeu de certificação de conteúdo de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/programa-europeu.html)
**Published:** December 20, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Liderado pelo Instituto Holandês de Padronização (NEN), foi lançado em 2016 um novo programa de certificação de conteúdo de base biológica, baseado no padrão europeu [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1"). Após obter a certificação, as empresas podem aplicar na embalagem o logotipo do programa indicando a base biológica do produto, além de exibir o conteúdo de base biológica do produto no rótulo. Os produtos certificados são listados em uma base de dados disponibilizada ao público pela internet, assim tornando acessível a informação do conteúdo de base biológica a empresas e consumidores. O programa europeu tem como objetivo promover os produtos de base biológica e impulsionar a indústria como um todo.
Na estrutura deste programa de certificação, são exigidas análises de carbono de base biológica, utilizando o método analítico padronizado descrito em [CEN/TS 16640:2014](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640:2014"): Produtos de base biológica – Determinação do conteúdo de carbono de base biológica de produtos através do método de radiocarbono.
## Apresentando o padrão EN 16785-1
O padrão EN 16785-1 para a medição de conteúdo de base biológica com radiocarbono e análise elementar foi o produto de dois projetos europeus do Sétimo Programa-Quadro: Pré-padronização de produtos de base biológica com base em conhecimento (KBBPPS – Knowledge Based Bio-based Products’ Pre-Standardization) e OpenBio. O Beta Analytic, laboratório líder em análises de carbono de base biológica em todo o mundo, participou em ambos os projetos como parceiro consultor. O método EN 16785-1 pode ser aplicado a materiais brutos e químicos, assim como a produtos intermediários, semi-acabados e acabados.
O EN 16785-1 define “de base biológica” como “derivado de biomassa”. Um produto de base biológica é aquele que é parcialmente ou totalmente composto de materiais derivados de biomassa. O método de padronização tem como referência o CEN/TS 16640 (que em breve será atualizado para um padrão EN) para medir o conteúdo de carbono de base biológica com o uso da espectrometria de massa com aceleradores (AMS), como oferecido pelo Beta Analytic.
Hidrogênio, oxigênio e nitrogênio são também avaliados como parte do EN 16785-1, mas como não existe um procedimento analítico para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica desses elementos, o padrão dita obter uma declaração do fabricante sobre o conteúdo de biomassa, cujos valores deverão ser validados pelos resultados combinados da análise de radiocarbono e da análise elementar. O Beta Analytic não oferece análises elementares neste momento.
## Participação no programa de certificação de conteúdo de base biológica
O primeiro passo a tomar para um fabricante que visa candidatar-se ao programa é contratar uma agência de certificação responsável por administrar as certificações, como a Vinçotte, da Bélgica; um laboratório reconhecido de análises, como o Beta Analytic; e um laboratório aprovado para a análise elementar. Uma vez recebidos e avaliados os resultados, a decisão de fornecer o certificado ao fabricante é tomada pela agência de certificação. Se a resposta for positiva, o fabricante poderá aplicar o logotipo de certificação de conteúdo de base biológica, assim como a porcentagem do “conteúdo de base biológica” do produto em questão, como definido pelo padrão EN 16785-1.
---
### [Schema europeo di certificazione biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/schema-europeo.html)
**Published:** December 20, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Un nuovo schema europeo di certificazione biobased basato sullo standard europeo [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1") è stato avviato nel 2016 dal Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN). Dopo aver ottenuto il certificato, le aziende possono esporre il logo biobased dello schema sull’imballo mostrando così il contenuto biobased del proprio prodotto. I prodotti certificati appaiono in un registro, disponibile al pubblico sotto forma di un database online, che contiene le informazioni relative al contenuto biobased e le rende facilmente accessibili alle aziende e ai consumatori. Lo schema europeo mira a dare un impulso all’uso di prodotti biobased e a promuovere l’industria nel suo complesso.
Per questo schema di certificazione, l’analisi del carbonio biobased deve essere effettuata seguendo il metodo analitico standardizzato descritto in [CEN/TS 16640:2014](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html): Biobased Products – Determination of the biobased carbon content of products using the radiocarbon method.
## Presentazione dello standard EN 16785-1
EN 16785-1, uno standard per la misurazione del contenuto biobased attraverso l’analisi al radiocarbonio e l’analisi elementare, è il prodotto di due progetti del Settimo programma quadro europeo: Knowledge Based Bio-based Products’ Pre-Standardization (KBBPPS) e OpenBio. Beta Analytic, il leader mondiale nell’analisi del carbonio biobased, ha partecipato a entrambi i progetti come partner e consulente. Il metodo EN 16785-1 può essere applicato alle materie prime, alle sostanze chimiche, ai prodotti intermedi, ai semilavorati e ai prodotti finiti.
La definizione del termine ”biobased” fornita in EN 16785-1 è “derivato da biomassa”. Un prodotto biobased è un prodotto parzialmente o totalmente composto da materiali derivati da biomassa. Il metodo standard include CEN/TS 16640 (che diventerà a breve uno standard EN) per la misurazione del carbonio biobased attraverso la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS), ovvero il metodo utilizzato da Beta Analytic.
EN 16785-1 prevede anche la misurazione dell’idrogeno, dell’ossigeno e dell’azoto, ma poiché non esiste una procedura analitica per determinare il contenuto biobased di questi elementi, lo standard prescrive che il produttore fornisca una dichiarazione relativa al contenuto di biomassa, i cui valori verranno convalidati dai risultati combinati dell’analisi del radiocarbonio e dell’analisi elementare. Beta Analytic non offre, al momento, l’analisi elementare.
## Partecipazione allo schema europeo di certificazione biobased
Il primo passo per un produttore che desidera partecipare allo schema è quello di stipulare un contratto con un ente certificatore incaricato di rilasciare i certificati, come Vinçotte in Belgio, con un laboratorio di analisi accreditato come Beta Analytic e con un laboratorio approvato per l’analisi elementare. Una volta ricevuti e valutati i risultati del test, l’ente certificatore decide se assegnare il certificato al produttore. Se la risposta è positiva, il produttore può utilizzare sia il logo dello schema di certificazione biobased sia il “contenuto biobased” percentuale per quel prodotto, come indicato dallo standard EN 16785-1.
---
### [Programme européen de certification de la teneur biosourcée](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/programme-europeen.html)
**Published:** December 20, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A l’initiative de l’Institut néerlandais de normalisation (NEN), un nouveau programme de certification de la teneur biosourcée basé sur la norme européenne [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1") a été lancé en 2016. Après obtention d’un certificat, les fabricants peuvent utiliser le logo biosourcé de ce programme sur leurs emballages et indiquer la teneur biosourcée de leur produit sur l’étiquette. Les produits certifiés figurent sur un registre disponible en ligne de façon à ce que les données relatives à la teneur biosourcée soient accessibles aux entreprises et consommateurs. Ce programme européen a pour but de promouvoir les produits biosourcés et dynamiser le secteur.
Dans le cadre de ce programme de certification, l’analyse du carbone biosourcé à l’aide de la méthode analytique décrite dans la norme [CEN/TS 16640:2014](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640:2014"): “Produits biosourcés – Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé des produits à l’aide de la méthode au radiocarbone” est nécessaire.
## Introduction à la norme EN 16785-1
La norme EN 16785-1 pour la mesure de la teneur biosourcée à l’aide du radiocarbone et de l’analyse élémentaire a été le produit de deux projets du 7ème programme-cadre européen : pré-normalisation des produits biosourcés sur la base de la connaissance (Knowledge Based Bio-based Products’ Pre-Standardization – KBBPPS) et OpenBio. Beta Analytic, laboratoire leader dans l’analyse du carbone biosourcé au niveau mondial, a participé à ces 2 projets en tant que partenaire et conseiller. La méthode EN 16785-1 peut être appliquée aux matières premières, produits chimiques, produits finis, semi-finis ou intermédiaires.
La norme EN 16785-1 définit le terme “biosourcé” comme “dérivé de la biomasse”. Un produit biosourcé est un produit partiellement ou dans sa totalité composé de matériaux dérivés de la biomasse. La méthode référencée par la norme est la méthode CEN/TS 16640 (qui sera bientôt mise à jour en une norme EN) pour mesurer la teneur en carbone biosourcé en utilisant la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS), méthode proposée par Beta Analytic.
L’hydrogène, l’oxygène et l’azote font aussi partie de l’EN 16785-1, mais comme il n’y a pas de procédure analytique permettant de déterminer la teneur biosourcée de ces éléments, la norme prescrit l’obtention d’un certificat de la part du fabricant sur la teneur en biomasse, valeurs qui seront validées par les résultats combinés de l’analyse radiocarbone et élémentaire. Beta Analytic ne propose pas l’analyse élémentaire à ce jour.
## Participation au programme de certification de la teneur biosourcée
La première étape à réaliser pour un fabricant voulant participer au programme est de contacter une agence de certification chargée d’administrer les certificats, par exemple Vinçotte en Belgique, ainsi qu’un laboratoire d’analyses reconnu comme Beta Analytic et un laboratoire approuvé pour l’analyse élémentaire. Une fois les résultats d’analyses reçus et évalués, l’agence de certification prendra la décision de certifier ou non le fabricant. Si la réponse est positive, le fabricant pourra utiliser le logo de la certification en teneur biosourcée ainsi que le pourcentage de “teneur en biosourcé” pour ce produit, comme défini par la norme EN 16785-1.
---
### [Programa Europeo de Certificación del Contenido de Base Biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/programa-europeo.html)
**Published:** December 20, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Con el liderazgo del Instituto Neerlandés de Normalización (NEN), en 2016 fue lanzado un nuevo programa de certificación del contenido de base biológica basado en el estándar europeo [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1"). Tras obtener exitosamente un certificado, las compañías pueden usar el logo de contenido de base biológica del programa en el envase e indicar el contenido de base biológica de sus productos en la etiqueta. Los productos certificados aparecen en una base de datos en línea disponible al público a fin de que la información sobre el contenido de base biológica sea accesible a empresas y consumidores. El programa europeo busca promover los productos de base biológica e impulsar a la industria en su conjunto.
En el marco de este esquema de certificación, el análisis de carbono de base biológica debe realizarse usando el método analítico estandarizado descrito en la norma [CEN/TS 16640:2014](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640:2014"): Productos de base biológica – Determinación del contenido de carbono de base biológica de productos usando el método de radiocarbono.
## Una introducción al estándar EN 16785-1
El estándar EN 16785-1 para medir el contenido de base biológica por medio de radiocarbono y análisis elemental fue resultado de dos proyectos europeos del 7º Programa Marco: Preestandarización de Productos de Base Biológica con base en el Conocimiento (KBBPPS por sus siglas en inglés) y OpenBio. Beta Analytic, el laboratorio líder en el análisis de carbono de base biológica a nivel mundial, participó en ambos proyectos como socio asesor. El método EN 16785-1 puede aplicarse a materias primas, productos químicos, y productos intermedios, semiacabados o terminados.
Conforme a la norma EN 16785-1, el término “de base biológica” significa “derivado de biomasa”. Un producto de base biológica es aquél que se elabora parcial o totalmente a partir de materiales derivados de biomasa. El estándar cita la norma CEN/TS 16640 (próxima a transformarse en un estándar EN) para medir el contenido de carbono de base biológica usando espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS), tal como lo hace Beta Analytic.
El hidrógeno, oxígeno y nitrógeno también son evaluados como parte del estándar EN 16785-1, pero debido a que no existe un procedimiento analítico para determinar el contenido de base biológica de estos elementos, el estándar exige obtener una declaración del fabricante con relación al contenido de biomasa, cuyos valores deben ser validados por los resultados combinados del análisis de radiocarbono y el análisis elemental. Beta Analytic no ofrece análisis elemental en estos momentos.
## Participación en el Programa de Certificación del Contenido de Base Biológica
El primer paso que debe seguir un productor interesado en ingresar al programa es contactar a la agencia de certificación encargada de administrar los certificados, por ejemplo, Vinçotte en Bélgica, a un laboratorio de pruebas reconocido como Beta Analytic, y a un laboratorio autorizado para realizar análisis elemental. Una vez que los resultados de las pruebas de laboratorio son recibidos y evaluados, la agencia de certificación determina si otorga el certificado al fabricante. Si la respuesta es positiva, el fabricante puede utilizar el logo de certificación del contenido de base biológica, así como el porcentaje de “contenido de base biológica” para ese producto, conforme a la definición indicada en el estándar EN 16785-1.
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### [Europäisches Zertifizierungsprogramm zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/european-scheme.html)
**Published:** December 20, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Unter der Federführung des Dutch Standards Institute (NEN), wurde 2016 ein neues Zertifizierungsprogramm bzgl. des biobasierten Anteils, basierend auf der europäischen Norm [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/en-16785.html "EN 16785-1"), ins Leben gerufen. Nach dem erfolgreichen Erhalt des Zertifikats können Firmen das biobasiert-Logo des Programms für ihre Produkte verwenden. Zertifizierte Produkte werden in einem öffentlich zugänglichen Register aufgeführt, sodass die Daten über den biobasierten Anteil Geschäfts- und Endkunden zur Verfügung stehen. Das europäische Zertifizierungsprogramm fördert biobasierte Produkte, wie auch die gesamte biobasierte Industrie.
Gemäß der Rahmenstruktur des Zertifizierungsprogramms ist eine biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Analyse laut der genormten Analysemethode, beschrieben in [CEN/TS 16640:2014](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640:2014"): Biobased Products – Determination of the biobased carbon content of products using the radiocarbon method (Bestimmung des biobasierten Kohlenstoff-Anteils von Produkten mittels der Radiokohlenstoff-Methode) notwendig.
## Einleitung zur Norm EN 16785-1
Die Norm EN 16785-1 zur Messung des biobasierten Anteils mittels Radiokohlenstoff (C14) und Elementaranalyse ergab sich aus zwei Projekten des siebten europäischen Rahmenprogramms: Knowledge Based Bio-based Products’ Pre-Standardization (KBBPPS) und OpenBio. Beta Analytic, das führende Labor für biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Untersuchungen weltweit, war in beiden Projekten als ratgebender Partner involviert. Die EN 16785-1 Methode kann auf Rohstoffe, Chemikalien und Zwischenprodukte, halbfertige und fertige Produkte angewandt werden.
EN 16785-1 definiert “biobasiert” als “aus Biomasse gewonnen”. Ein biobasiertes Produkt besteht normalerweise aus Materialien, die gänzlich oder teilweise aus Biomasse hergestellt wurden. Die in der Norm zitierte Methode geht auf CEN/TS 16640 zurück (Modernisierung auf eine EN-Norm in Kürze zu erwarten), die die Messung des biobasierten Anteils mittels Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS) beschreibt – Beta Analytic ist auf diese Methode spezialisiert.
Wasserstoff, Sauerstoff und Stickstoff werden im Rahmen von EN 16785-1 ebenfalls untersucht, da es jedoch kein analytisches Verfahren zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils dieser Elemente gibt, verweist die Norm auf Herstelleraussagen zu dem biobasierten Anteil, diese Werte werden durch die kombinierten Ergebnisse der Radiokohlenstoff- und Elementaranalyse validiert. Beta Analytic bietet momentan keine Elementaranalyse an.
## Mitwirkung im Zertifizierungsprogramm bzgl. des biobasierten Anteils
Hersteller von Produkten beantragen zuerst die Zusammenarbeit mit Zertifizierungsorganisationen, die für die Verwaltung von Zertifikaten zuständig sind, z. B. Vinçotte in Belgien, ein anerkanntes Prüflabor wie Beta Analytic und ein bewilligtes Labor zur Durchführung der Elementaranalyse. Nach Erhalt und Auswertung der Testergebnisse entscheidet die Zertifizierungsorganisation, ob dem Hersteller das Zertifikat ausgestellt wird. Fällt die Entscheidung positiv aus, kann der Hersteller das Zertifizierungslogo über den biobasierten Inhalt, wie auch den Prozentwert “biobasierter Anteil” gemäß EN 16785-1 für das Produkt verwenden.
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### [A Norma Europeia EN 16785-1 Verifica o Conteúdo de Base Biológica de Produtos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A Norma Europeia EN 16785-1:2015 detalha as exigências para a determinação do conteúdo de base biológica de um dado produto através da análise por radiocarbono (carbono-14) e da análise elemental. A norma faz referência ao padrão [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/cen-16640.html) para o componente de carbono-14.
Para efeito da norma EN 16785, o termo “de base biológica” significa “derivado de biomassa”. Um produto de base biológica é aquele que é parcialmente ou totalmente composto de materiais derivados de biomassa. A norma se aplica a qualquer produto sólido, líquido ou gasoso que contenha carbono, assim englobando uma ampla gama de produtos.
Segundo essa norma, o conteúdo de base biológica de um produto é determinado de acordo com o padrão EN 16640: Produtos de base biológica – Conteúdo em carbono de origem biológica – Determinação do carbono de origem biológica pelo método de radiocarbono.
A norma EN 16785-1 também especifica os métodos padronizados de amostragem a empregar para vários produtos.
## Esquema de Certificação de Conteúdo de Base Biológica
Liderado pelo Instituto Holandês de Normatização (NEN – Nederlands Normalisatie-Instituut), o projeto iniciou em outubro de 2015 com uma reunião em Bruxelas, na Bélgica. A norma EN 16785-1 foi desenvolvida pelo Comitê Técnico do CEN/TC 411, do CEN, e foi publicada em dezembro de 2015. Em seguida, validou-se o esquema de certificação com base nessa norma, que foi lançado oficialmente no final de 2016.
Com a obtenção do certificado de conteúdo de base biológica, as empresas podem comprovar o conteúdo de base biológica de seus produtos na etiqueta. Os produtos certificados constarão em um registro disponível para o público em uma base de dados online, assim fornecendo informações transparentes e acessíveis a respeito dos produtos de base biológica disponíveis para empresas e consumidores.
---
[VOCÊ ESTÁ USANDO COMBUSTÍVEIS NEUTROS DE CARBONO? PROVE!](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/basebiologica.html)
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## O Beta Analytic Realiza Análises de Conteúdo de Base Biológica
O laboratório **Beta Analytic, acreditado pela norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, oferece análises de radiocarbono** em cumprimento com o padrão EN 16785-1, respaldado em mais de trinta e cinco anos de experiência técnica e uma década de competência regulatória para auxiliar produtores, fornecedores e consumidores na verificação do conteúdo de base biológica de produtos. **No momento, o laboratório não oferece análise elemental.**
O laboratório proporciona alta qualidade nas medições de conteúdo de carbono de base biológica através da espectrometria de massa com aceleradores (AMS) dentro de 5-7 dias úteis, com relatórios online, consultas técnicas e relatórios de garantia de qualidade inclusos. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. O atendimento ao cliente está disponível em inglês, chinês, francês, alemão, italiano, coreano, português, e espanhol.
Com sede em Miami, na Flórida, EUA, o laboratório aceita amostras de toda a Europa através de seu escritório de encaminhamento em Londres, Reino Unido.
*O Beta Analytic não é afiliado ao CEN, NEN, e nem à Comissão Europeia.*
*Última atualização: maio de 2018*
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### [Lo standard europeo EN 16785-1 verifica il contenuto biobased dei prodotti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Lo standard europeo EN 16785-1:2015 descrive i requisiti per la determinazione del contenuto biologico di un dato prodotto utilizzando l’analisi al radiocarbonio e l’analisi elementare. Lo standard fa riferimento a [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html) per quanto riguarda il carbonio-14.
Per gli scopi di EN 16785, il termine “biologico” significa “derivato da biomassa”. Un prodotto a base biologica è un prodotto parzialmente o totalmente composto da materiali derivati da biomassa. Lo standard è applicabile a qualsiasi prodotto solido, liquido o gassoso che contenga carbonio ed è perciò utilizzabile su una vasta gamma di prodotti.
Sotto questo standard, il contenuto biologico di un prodotto viene determinato secondo EN 16640: Prodotti a base biologica – Contenuto di carbonio di origine biologica – Determinazione del contenuto di carbonio di origine biologica usando un metodo basato sul radiocarbonio 14C.
EN 16785-1 specifica inoltre i metodi di campionamento standardizzati da utilizzarsi per i vari prodotti.
## Schema di certificazione biologico
Guidato dal Netherlands Standardization Institute (NEN), il progetto è partito a ottobre 2015 con un incontro iniziale a Bruxelles, Belgio. EN 16785-1 è stato redatto dal Comitato Tecnico CEN/TC 411 del CEN ed è stato pubblicato a dicembre 2015. Uno schema di certificazione basato su questo standard è stato convalidato subito dopo ed è stato messo in atto alla fine del 2016.
Attraverso il certificato biologico, le aziende possono riportare sull’etichetta il contenuto biologico dei loro prodotti. Un registro dei prodotti certificati sarà consultabile pubblicamente attraverso un database online, fornendo così informazioni trasparenti e facilmente accessibili sui prodotti biologici disponibili per aziende e consumatori.
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[I vostri prodotti sono biobased? Provatelo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html)
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## Beta Analytic effettua analisi del contenuto biologico
**Beta Analytic, un laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, offre analisi al radiocarbonio** secondo lo standard EN 16785-1, sfruttando i suoi 35 anni di esperienza tecnica e un decennio di competenza in materia di normative per aiutare produttori, fornitori e consumatori a verificare il contenuto biologico dei prodotti. **Il laboratorio attualmente non offre l’analisi elementare.**
Il laboratorio effettua misurazioni del carbonio biologico di alta qualità in soli 5-7 giorni, utilizzando la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS) e offrendo accesso ai risultati online, assistenza tecnica e report di Garanzia di Qualità inclusi nel prezzo. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. L’assistenza clienti è disponibile in inglese, cinese, francese, tedesco, coreano, italiano, portoghese, e spagnolo.
Beta Analytic, che ha sede a Miami, Florida, accetta campioni provenienti dall’Europa tramite il suo ufficio di Londra, Regno Unito.
*Beta Analytic non è affiliata con il CEN, il NEN o la Commissione Europea.*
*Ultimo aggiornamento: maggio 2018*
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### [La norme européenne EN 16785-1 vérifie la teneur biosourcée des produits](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La norme européenne EN 16785-1:2015 expose en détail les conditions pour la détermination de la teneur biosourcée d’un produit à l’aide de l’analyse au radiocarbone et de l’analyse élémentaire. La norme référence la spécification [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html) pour le carbone 14.
Pour les besoins de la norme EN 16785, le terme “biosourcé” signifie “dérivé de la biomasse”. Un produit biosourcé est un produit composé en partie ou en totalité de matériaux dérivés de la biomasse. Cette norme s’applique à tous les produits solides, liquides et gazeux contenant du carbone, c’est-à-dire une large gamme de produits.
Selon cette norme, le contenu biosourcé d’un produit est déterminé selon la spécification EN 16640: Produits biosourcés – Teneur en carbone biosourcé – Détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé par la méthode au radiocarbone.
La norme EN 16785-1 indique également les méthodes d’échantillonnage normalisées à utiliser pour différents produits.
## Système de certification biosourcé
Créé par l’Institut de normalisation des Pays-Bas (Netherlands Standardization Institute, NEN), le projet a commencé en octobre 2015 avec une réunion de lancement à Bruxelles en Belgique. La norme EN 16785-1 a été élaborée par le comité technique CEN/TC 411 du CEN et a été publiée en décembre 2015. Le système de certification basé sur cette norme a ensuite été validé et a officiellement été lancé fin 2016.
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[Votre produit est biosourcé? Prouvez-le!](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources.html)
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## Beta Analytic fournit les analyses de la teneur biosourcée
**Beta Analytic – laboratoire accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 – offre des analyses au radiocarbone** conformément à la norme EN 16785-1 en s’appuyant sur plus de 35 ans d’expérience technique et dix ans d’expertise en règlementation afin d’aider les producteurs, fournisseurs et consommateurs dans le processus de vérification de la teneur biosourcée des produits. **Le laboratoire ne propose pas l’analyse élémentaire pour l’instant.**
Le laboratoire propose des mesures de la teneur en carbone biosourcé de haute qualité à l’aide de la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS) et avec une publication des résultats en ligne en 5 – 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Les rapports d’analyse sont accompagnés d’un rapport d’assurance qualité et d’une consultation technique. Le service client est disponible en allemand, anglais, chinois, coréen, espagnol, français, italien, et portugais.
Basé à Miami, en Floride, le laboratoire accepte des échantillons en provenance de toute l’Europe via son bureau à Londres, au Royaume-Uni.
*Beta Analytic n’est pas affilié au CEN, NEN, ou à la Commission européenne.*
*Dernière mise à jour : mai 2018*
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### [Norma Europea EN 16785-1 verifica el contenido de base biológica de sus productos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La norma europea EN 16785-1:2015 especifica los requisitos para determinar el contenido de base biológica de un producto mediante análisis de radiocarbono (Carbono-14) y análisis elemental. La norma cita el estándar [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/cen-16640.html) para el componente de Carbono-14.
Para efectos de la norma EN 16785, el término “de base biológica” significa “derivado de biomasa”. Un producto de base biológica es aquél que se compone parcial o totalmente de materiales derivados de biomasa. La norma se aplica a cualquier producto sólido, líquido o gaseoso que contenga carbono, lo cual abarca una amplia gama de productos.
De acuerdo con esta norma, el contenido de base biológica de un producto se determina conforme al estándar EN 16640: Productos de origen biológico – Contenido en carbono de origen biológico – Determinación del contenido de carbono de origen biológico utilizando el método de radiocarbón.
La norma EN 16785-1 también especifica los métodos estandarizados de muestreo que deben ser usados para diferentes productos.
## Esquema de Certificación de Contenido de Base Biológica
Encabezado por el Instituto Neerlandés de Normalización (NEN), el proyecto comenzó en octubre de 2015 con una reunión inaugural en Bruselas, Bélgica. La norma EN 16785-1 fue redactada por el Comité Técnico CEN/TC 411 del CEN y publicada en diciembre de 2015. El programa de certificación basado en esta norma fue validado posteriormente y puesto en marcha de manera oficial a finales de 2016.
Al obtener un certificado de contenido de base biológica, las empresas pueden demostrar el contenido de base biológica de sus productos en la etiqueta. Se contará con un registro de los productos certificados disponible al público en una base de datos en línea, lo cual proporcionará información transparente y de fácil acceso sobre los productos de base biológica disponibles para empresas y consumidores.
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[¿Su producto es de base biológica? ¡Compruébelo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/basebiologica.html)
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## Beta Analytic realiza pruebas del contenido de base biológica
El laboratorio **Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ofrece análisis de radiocarbono** de conformidad con el estándar EN 16785-1, apoyándose en más de treinta y cinco años de experiencia técnica y una década de competencia regulatoria para ayudar a productores, proveedores y consumidores en la verificación del contenido de base biológica de sus productos. **El laboratorio no ofrece análisis elemental en estos momentos.**
El laboratorio proporciona mediciones del contenido de carbono de base biológica de alta calidad utilizando espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS), entregando resultados en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días hábiles con informes en línea, consultas técnicas e informes de garantía de calidad incluidos. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. El apoyo a nuestros clientes está disponible en inglés, chino, francés, alemán, italiano, coreano, portugués, y español.
Con sede en Miami, Florida, el laboratorio acepta muestras de toda Europa a través de su oficina de reenvío en Londres, Reino Unido.
*Beta Analytic no está afiliado al CEN, al NEN o a la Comisión Europea.*
*Última actualización: Mayo de 2018*
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### [Europäische Norm EN 16785-1 verifiziert den biobasierten Anteil von Produkten](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/en-16785.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Die europäische Norm EN 16785-1:2015 beschreibt die Anforderungen zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Anteils von Produkten mittels der Radiokarbon (Karbon 14) Analyse und der Elementaranalyse. Die Norm bezieht sich, bezüglich des Karbon 14 Anteils, auf [EN 16640.](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/cen-16640.html)
Im Zusammenhang mit EN 16785-1, bedeutet der Begriff “biobasiert” (“bio-based”) “aus Biomasse gewonnen” (“derived from biomass”); sprich, ein biobasiertes Produkt besteht zum Teil oder gänzlich aus Materialien, die aus Biomasse hergestellt wurden. Die Norm ist auf jedwede Karbon enthaltende Feststoffe, Flüssigkeiten und gasförmige Stoffe anwendbar, somit umfasst sie eine breite Produktpalette.
Im Rahmen dieser Norm wird der biobasierte Anteil von Produkten gemäß EN 16640: Biobasierte Produkte – Gehalt an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff – Bestimmung des Gehalts an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff mittels Radiokarbonmethode festgestellt.
EN 16785-1 spezifiziert auch standardisierte Probenverfahren für verschiedene Produkte.
## Biobasiertes Zertifizierungssystem
Nach der Einführung des Projekts durch das Niederländische Normungsinstitut (NEN), fand die Auftaktsitzung im Oktober 2015 in Brüssel, Belgien, statt. Das Komitee CEN Technical Committee CEN/TC 411EN 16785-1 setzte EN 16785-1 auf; die Veröffentlichung erfolgte im Dezember 2015. Das auf dieser Norm basierende Zertifizierungsprogramm wurde demzufolge validiert und trat Ende 2016 offiziell in Kraft.
Mittels des biobasierten Zertifikats können Firmen den biobasierten Anteil Ihrer Produkte auf der Kennzeichnung nachweisen. Ein Register der zertifizierten Produkte wird auf einer Online-Datenbank öffentlich einzusehen sein, somit ist die Transparenz und der einfache Zugriff auf Informationen zu den biobasierten Produkten sowohl für Firmen, als auch für Verbraucher sichergestellt.
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[Ist Ihr Produkt biobasiert? Beweisen Sie es!](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend.html)
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## Beta Analytic ist auf die Bestimmung von biobasierten Anteilen spezialisiert
Das ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akkreditierte **Beta Analytic Labor bietet Radiokohlenstoff-Analysen** an, die für EN 16785-1 verwendet werden können. **Beta Analytic bietet allerdings keine Elementaranalyse an.** Wir sind stolz auf über 35 Jahre technische Erfahrung und ein Jahrzehnt regulatorische Expertise, um Hersteller, Lieferanten und Verbrauchern bei der Verifizierung des biobasierten Anteils in Produkten zu unterstützen.
Beta Analytic stellt hochqualitative Messungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoff-Anteils zur Verfügung, diese werden unter Verwendung der Beschleunigermassenspektrometrie (AMS) innerhalb von 5-7 Werktagen ermittelt und einschließlich Qualitätssicherungsbericht online berichtet, die technische Beratung können Sie gerne vor und nach der Analyse in Anspruch nehmen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Unser Kundenservice steht Ihnen auf Englisch, Chinesisch, Französisch, Italienisch, Deutsch, Koreanisch, Portugiesisch, und Spanisch zur Verfügung.
Das Labor mit Hauptsitz in Miami, Florida, analysiert Proben aus ganz Europa – mit Hilfe unseres Versandbüros in London, GB, können Sie uns Ihre Proben zeitnahe zukommen lassen.
*Beta Analytic ist nicht mit CEN, NEN oder der Europäischen Kommission affiliiert.*
*Letzte Aktualisierung Mai 2018*
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### [바이오 에탄올 증명 필요성](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/bio-ethanol-verification.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
에탄올은 석유 화학의 주요 성분인 에틸렌의 가수분해(hydrolysis)로 쉽게 만들 수 있으며, 매년 약 2백만 톤의 석유계 에탄올이 만들어지고 있다. 남 아프리카와 사우디 아라비아의 기업이 주요 공급업자이며, 미국, 유럽, 일본에도 대형 생산 시설이 있다. 석유계 에탄올 (합성 에탄올)은 공업용 용매로 많이 사용되며, 다른 용도로도 많이 쓰인다.
에탄올의 기원을 확인하는 목적은 다음과 같다.
1. 바이오 에탄올 생산자와 투자자의 권리 보호.
2. 수입산 에탄올에 대한 바이오 에탄올인지 여부 확인 수단
3. 세금 혜택을 받기 위한 목적으로 바이오 에탄올이라 속이는 사기 확인 여부.
4. 바이오 에탄올의 세금 혜택, 유통, 소비 등과 관련한 통계의 필요성에 따른 단일 참고 자료 ([ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866") 실험을 통해) 제공.
바이오 에탄올 혹은 재생 에탄올을 위한 새로운 세금 혜택이 주어지는 법 (Energy Policy Act of 2005, H.R. 6)이 만들어질 계획에 있다. 단 이법은 석유계 에탄올에 대해서는 적용 되지 않을 것이며, 이 세금 혜택을 주기 위해서는 에탄올이 재생 원료에서 왔다는 인증이 필요하게 될 것이다. 과학적 실험 방법으로 인정 받는 방법이 ASTM D6866이다. 이 실험 방법은 정확하며, 수량화가 가능하여 석유와 같은 화석 연료로 만든 에탄올과 바이오 매스로 만든 에탄올을 정확하게 구별할 수 있다.
## ASTM D6866 실험: 바이오 에탄올 인증 방법
ASTM D6866 실험은 바이오 에탄올 생산에 투자한 투자자나 생산업자의 이익을 보호해준다. 이 실험 방법은 바이오 매스 상품의 인증을 위해 미국 농무성에서 지속적으로 사용하고 있는 실험 방법으로 바이오 에탄올을 규명하고 수량화하는데 있어서 직접적으로 적용되는 실험 방법이기도 하다.
바이오 에탄올 사용에 대한 세금 혜택이 주어지면서 바이오 에탄올 대신 합성 에탄올을 쓰려는 부도덕한 업자들의 유혹이 많아졌다. 대부분의 유혹은 바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올을 섞어 검사에 걸리지 않게 되기를 바라는 것이다. 하지만 ASTM D6866 실험 방법은 정확하게 바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올의 함량을 측정하여 수량으로 보여준다.
따라서 ASTM D6866 실험은 이런 부정적인 방법이 발을 붙이지 못하도록 하여 바이오 에탄올 산업을 보호해줄 것이며, 즉 ASTM D6866 인증서을 세금 혜택을 받기 위해 제출해야 하는 기본 서류로 해야 할 필요성이 대두되고 있다.
ASTM D6866 실험 방법은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 응용한 것이다. 바이오매스는 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 반면에 화석 물질은 전혀 가지고 있지 않다. 에탄올 시료에 남아있는 방사성탄소의 농도를 측정하면 이 에탄올이 재생 물질로 만들어진 것인지 화석 연료로 만들어 진 것인지 알 수 있다. 마찬가지로 바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올이 섞인 혼합물에서도 측정이 가능하다.
바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올이 섞인 혼합물의 경우, ASTM D6866 실험으로 바이오 에탄올의 함량을 %로 수량화 할 수 있어서 세금 혜택을 계산하는데 도움이 된다. 마찬가지로 다양한 농도의 바이오 에탄올이 섞인 대량의 가솔린인 경우에도 적용할 수 있는 실험 방법이다. 단 조심해야 할 것은 가솔린이 잘 섞여 있어야 대용량의 가솔린 탱크에서 아주 소량의 샘플을 채취해서 실험을 해 그 대표성을 인정받을 수 있다. 이런 문제는 다량의 물질을 실험할 때 항상 고려해야 하는 중요한 문제이기도 하다.
ASTM D6866 실험 방법은 에탄올 시료의 방사성탄소 농도를 측정할 뿐만 아니라 추가적으로 또다른 안정 동위원소인 탄소 13도 측정한다. 탄소 13의 측정 역시 방사성탄소 연대측정의 한 부분이며, 이 측정값은 방사성탄소 측정값을 보정하는데 꼭 필요하다. 에탄올 생산에 쓰인 바이오 스 물질의 원료를 증명할 수 있는 중요한 수단이 되기도 한다. 하지만 탄소 13 단독으로 혼합 물질에서 바이오 매스 물질과 화석 물질을 정확하게 측정할 수는 없다.
예를 들어 비록 석유와 옥수수의 탄소 13 농도는 서로 다르지만, 다른 바이오 매스 물질의 탄소 13 농도는 다양해서 석유의 탄소 13 농도와 구별이 안 될 수도 있다. 바이오 에탄올 생산에 적합한 일부 물질들 – 예로 사탕무, 감자, 포도 그 외 일부 과일들은 석유의 탄소 13 농도가 같은 값을 가지며, 일반적으로 구별이 불가능하다. 이런 이유로 인해 바이오 에탄올에 10%나 20%의 합성 에탄올이 섞인 경우, 탄소 13 분석만으로는 애매한 결과를 만들어 내는 반면에 방사성탄소 연대측정 분석 기법은 정확하게 구별할 수가 있다.
방사성탄소 연대측정의 과정에 대하여 더 알고 싶으면 다음을 참조하시기 바란다. [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
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### [디젤의 대체품: 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤 (Biomass-based Diesel)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/biomass-based-diesel.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤은 별도의 디젤 대체품이다.
- 미국의 FTC은 바이오 디젤과 비이오매스 기반 디젤에 대해 라벨 착용 시스템을 적용하고 있다.
- Beta 연구소는 바이오 디젤 및 바이오매스 기반 디젤 브렌드의 정확성 증명 수단으로 ASTM D6866의 사용을 권장한다. blends
## 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤는 별개다
미국 연방 거래 위원회 (Federal Trade Commission)은 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤의 차이점을 명확하기 위해 정의해 놓았다. 이들에 따르면, 바이오매스 기반 디젤은 “42 U.S.C. 7545에 따라 미국 환경청 (Environmental Protection Agency) 이 정한 연료와 연료 첨가물로 등록 조건을 맞추는 비석유계 재생 원료로 부터 생산한 디젤 연료 대체품을 뜻하며, 닭 기름과 닭 폐기물을 포함한 동물의 폐기물과 다른 폐기 물질, 혹은 바이오 디젤에 포함되지 않은 폐기수나 폐기수 처리 과정에서 생긴 도시 고형 폐기물, 슬러지, 기름들로부터 만든 연료를 모두 포함한다.”
미국 환경청의 수정 법안인 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2)은 2010년 2월에 마무리되었다. 여기에 따르면 바이오매스 기반 디젤은 “전생애 온실가스 배출의 최소 50% 미만을 가진 재생 연료” 이며, 다음의 조건을 충족해야 한다고 정의되어 있다: (a) 수송용 연료, 수송용 연료 첨가제, 난방용 기름, 혹은 제트 연료; (b) 바이오 디젤 혹은 비 에스터 재생 디젤 (non-ester renewable diesel)의 정의에 합당하며, (c) 자동차 연료로 사용 목적이 정해져 있다면, 40 CFR part 79의 자동차용 연료 혹은 연료 첨가제로 등록되어 있어야 한다. 미 환경청은 석유 부산물로 만들어진 재생 연료는 바이오매스 기반 디젤이 아니라고 명확하게 정의히고 있다.
반면 바이오 디젤은 “40 CFR Part 79의 연료와 연료 첨가제의 등록 조건을 충족한 식물 혹은 동물로 만든 지방산의 단일 alkyl esters이며, American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6751–07b (Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels)의 충족 조건을 갖춰야 한다고 정의되어 있다.
바이오 디젤 브렌드는 바이오 디젤과 석유계 디젤 연료의 혼합물이며, 바이오매스 기반 디젤 브렌드는 바이오매스 기반 디젤과 디젤의 섞인 것이다. .
## 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤의 미국 FTC 지정색 코드
FTC 는 이들 디젤의 대체품에 대해 지정색 코드를 정해놓고 있다. – 바이오 디젤은 파란색, 바이오매스 기반 디젤은 오렌지 색. 연료의 이름은 라벨의 상단에 적혀있으며, 정확한 함유량은 이름 아래에 적혀 있다.
바이오 디젤이나 바이오매스 기반 디젤 5%가 섞인 브렌드는 FTC가 정한 라벨을 사용해야 하며, 미만인 경우 라벨이 필요치 않다.
## ASTM D6866를 통해 바이오 디젤과 바이오매스 기반 디젤의 정확한 함유량 측정
Beta 연구소는 ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 받은 방사성탄소 연대측정 전문 연구소로서 바이오 연료의 혼합물의 정확성을 증명하기 위해 ASTM D6866의 사용을 권자하고 있다.
ASTM D6866은 연료의 재생 함유량 측정 실험에 사용된다. 이는 시료의 방사성탄소 (C14)의 존재량을 측정함으로써 바이오 디젤이나 바이오매스 기반 디젤의 함량을 쉽게 측정할 수 있다. 다른 구성 물질인 석유 기반 디젤은 방사성탄소가 없다. 따라서 ASTM D6866을 통해 방사성탄소를 측정하면 바이오 매스에서 온 연료의 함량을 쉽게 측정할 수가 있다.
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### [항공업계의 바이오 연료: 제트 연료의 미래](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/jet-biofuels.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
기름 가격 상승과 환경 문제로 인해 항공업계는 석유로 만든 제트 연료의 대안으로 바이오 연료를 주시하고 있다. 바이오 연료를 사용한 시험 비행이 이미 진행 중이다.
## 제트 바이오 연료의 ASTM D6866 실험
개발 중인 제트 바이오 연료에 대한 ASTM D6866 실험이 현재 행해지고 있다. 이 실험 방법으로 재생 원료 (즉 식물)로부터 온 정확한 퍼센테이지를 존재하고 있는 C14 측정을 통해 알 수 있다. 바이오매스에서 온 모든 물질은 C14을 가지고 있는 반면 화석 원료에서 온 물질은 C14이 없다. 따라서 ASTM D6866 바이오 연료 합성물의 정확성을 측정하는 증명 수단으로 사용된다. ASTM D6866에 대한 추가 정보는 [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866")를 참조한다.
## 바이오 연료: 풍부한 에너지 함유 식물 추출물
제트 연료로 추출물을 실험하고 있는 몇몇 식물들이 있다. 콩, 카놀라, 냉이의 일종인 카메리나 ( camelina), 자트로파 (jatropha), 조류 등등. 이런 식물의 추출물을 태우면 지구 온난화에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않는데, 이유는 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 배출하기 때문이다.
콩이나 카놀라가 비록 제트 연료로서 생산되지만, 식량이기도 하기 때문에 연료로서 사용에 많은 이견이 있다.
## 카메리나, 자트로파, 조류의 제트 연료
카메리나는 상당히 높은 줄기가 자라고, 휴식기인 밀 밭에서 경작도 가능하다. 카메리나 오일로 만든 연료는 이미 일본 항공의 보잉 747을 90분 동안 비행하는데 사용된 적도 있다.
또 다른 원료로는 자트로파가 있다. 이는 식량 경작을 할 수 없는 땅에서 3미터까지 자라는 독성 식물이다. 조류 또한 오염된 물에서도 자랄 수 있어 성장하는데 커다란 문제가 없다. 하지만 이 식물들에서 오일을 추출하는 것은 상당히 어렵다.
이들로 부터 추출한 오일은 보통 일반 제트 연료와 50% 섞어서 휴스톤까지 2시간 시험 비행을 한 컨디넨탈 항공의 보잉 737에 사용되었다.- 이것이 바이오 연료를 사용한 미국 내 첫 상업용 비행이었다. 일본 항공은 시험 비행을 위해 카메리나, 자트로파, 조류 혼합 연료를 사용한 것으로 기록되어 있다.
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### [바이오 에탄올과 석유계 에탄올의 차이점](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/petroleum-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*2006년 6월 1일 발행된 Ethanol Producer Magazine의 기사 내용*
*글: Beta 연구소 창립자 겸 의장 인 머리 탬버스 박사 (Dr. Murry Tamers)*
세계 대부분의 에탄올 생산 기업은 실제로 석유 화학 기업이다. 에탄올은 석유 화학의 주요 성분인 에틸렌의 가수분해(hydrolysis)로 쉽게 만들 수 있다. 남 아프리카와 사우디 아라비아의 기업이 주요 공급업자이며, 미국, 유럽, 일본에도 대형 생산 시설이 있다. 석유 에탄올 (합성 에탄올)은 공업용 용매로 많이 사용되며, 다른 용도로도 많이 쓰인다.
바이오 에탄올 혹은 재생 에탄올에 대해 새로운 세금 혜택이 주는 법 (Energy Policy Act of 2005, H.R. 6)이 만들어졌다. 단 이 법은 석유 에탄올에 대해서는 적용이 않된다. 이 세금 혜택을 주기 위해서 에탄올이 재생 원료에서 왔다는 인증이 필요했다. 과학적 실험 방법으로 인정 받는 방법이 [ASTM method D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM method D6866-05")이다. 이 실험 방법은 아주 정확하며, 수량화 할 수 있어서 석유와 같은 화석 연료로 만든 에탄올과 바이오 매스로 만든 에탄올을 정확하게 구별할 수 있다. 따라서 이 실험 방법은 바이오 에탄올 생산의 투자자와 생산업자의 이익을 보호해 준다. 실제로 이것이 각 나라의 바이오 에탄올 산업의 성공 여부를 결정짓는 척도가 된다.
바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올은 C2H5OH라는 동일한 화학식을 가지며, 화학적으로 동일하다. 단 탄소 원소의 동위원소 구성에 차이가 있을 뿐이다. 바이오 에탄올은 바이오 매스 물질에서 온 반면에 합성 에탄올은 화석 연료 물질에서 왔다. 화석 연구와 동일한 방법이 ASTM D6866-05 실험에 적용하는데.이 방법은 고고학자와 다른 화석 연구에서 많이 쓰이는 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 응용한 것이다. 방사성탄소 연대측정 방법은 시료의 자연 발생 방사성탄소 (C14, 탄소 14)의 함량을 측정해 현대의 물질에 있는 함량과 비교하는 것이다.
ASTM D6866-05는 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법과 동일하다. 즉 바이오 매스 물질은 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 반면에 화석 물질은 방사성탄소가 하나도 남아있지 않다는 것을 이용하는 것이다. 방사성탄소는 오랜 기간이 지나면 소멸한다. 실험하고 있는 에탄올의 방사성탄소의 농도를 측정하면 재생 물질에서 만든 것인지, 화석 연료로 만든 것인지 알 수 있다. 바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올이 섞여 있어도, ASTM D6866-05의 실험을 통해 바이오 에탄올의 함량의 수량을 %로 보여주므로, 세금 혜택을 효과적으로 줄 수 있다. 이 실험 방법은 여러 농도의 바이오 에탄올이 섞인 가솔린에서 정확하게 바이오 에탄올의 함량을 측정하는데 이용할 수 있으며, 정확한 함량을 보여준다. 단 조심해야 할 것은 가솔린이 잘 섞여 있어야 대용량의 가솔린 탱크에서 아주 소량의 샘플을 채취해서 실험을 해 그 대표성을 인정받을 수 있다. 이런 문제는 다량의 물질을 실험할 때 항상 고려해야 하는 중요한 문제다.
1947년에 처음 개발된 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법은 지구의 상층부에서 우주선에 의해서 생기는 방사성 동위원소인 방사성탄소 혹은 탄소 14의 지속적인 발생을 전제로 한다. 이 방사성탄소는 산소와 결합하여 이산화탄소가 되며, 대기 중에 존재한다. 식물은 이 이산화탄소를 받아들여 광합성 작용을 하며, 먹이 사슬에 의해 동물이나 인간은 이런 식물을 섭취한다. 방사성탄소는 지속적으로 반감하면서 없어지고, 동시에 우주선에 의해 지속적으로 만들어져 항상 밸런스를 유지합니다.
모든 살아있는 생명체는, 즉 식물, 동물, 사람은 항상 일정한 방사성탄소 농도를 가지고 있다. 생명체가 죽으면 이런 순환 고리가 끊기면서 방사성탄소를 더 이상 대기 중에서 받아 들이지 못한다. 그리고 서서히 반감하면서 하나도 남아있지 않을 때까지 소멸한다. 이렇게 완전히 소멸되는 기간이 약 50.000년이다. 방사성탄소 연대측정이란 여러 물질의 방사성탄소의 함량을 측정해서 식물이나 동물의 죽은 시점을 계산하는 것이다. 고고학, 지질학, 그 외 여러 지구 과학 분야에서 없어서는 안 되는 중요한 실험 방법이다.
방사성탄소 연대측정은 핵화학과 핵물리학의 한 분야이다. 방사성탄소는 아주 소량 존재하기 때문에 고도로 예민한 측정 기술이 필요하다. 두 가지 방법이 현재 사용되고 있다. 방사 측정 (radiometric)과 가속 질량 분석기 (accelerator mass spectrometry). 방사 측정 방식은 방사성탄소가 분열하면서 만들어 내는 방사성을 측정하는 것이고, 가속 질량 분석기는 방사성탄소의 농도를 직접 측정하는 것이다.
이 두 방법 모두 시료의 전처리가 중요하다. 전처리 절차는 시료의 종류에 따라서 다양하며, 부수적인 물질을 제거하기 위해 물리적, 화학적 방법들을 이용한다. 전처리 과정은 같지만 이 두 가지 방법은 완전히 다르며, 두 가지 방법 모두 진공 상태를 유지하면서 실험해야 한다.
방사 측정을 위해서는 진공 상태에서 시료를 태워서 이산화탄소를 만든다. 리튬 카바이드 (lithium carbide)을 만들기 위해 몰텐 리듐 (molten lithium)을 섞은 다음, 냉각 후 물을 섞으면 아세틸렌이 만들어집니다. 이 가스를 실리카 알루미나 촉매제 (silica-alumina catalyst)을 이용해 최종적으로 벤젠 (benzene)으로 전환시킨다. 이 모든 과정은 진공 상태에서 행해야 하며, 92%의 탄소를 가진 벤젠은 섬광 화학 물질을 섞어서 액체 섬광 계수기 (liquid scintillation counter)로 방사성을 측정한다. 평균적으로 시료를 이 계수기 안에 2일 정도 두어서 충분히 계산할 수 있도록 한 다음 적당한 통계 값을 구한다. 또한 같은 시기의 표준 물질과 참고 물질도 같은 계수기에서 계속 측정한다.
가속 질량 분석기를 이용할 시료를 태워 순수한 이산화탄소로 만든다. 이 이산화탄소는 진공 상태에서 수소와 반응하여 흑연이 된다. 이 흑연은 100% 탄소이며, 알루미늄으로 된 손잡이에 둔 다음에 가속기에 넣는다. 분석 시간은 대략 30분 정도 걸리며, 역시 같은 시기의 표준 물질과 참고 물질도 같은 방법으로 측정한다.
추가적으로 모든 시료의 안정 동위원소인 탄소 13도 측정한다. 이 측정값은 방사성탄소 측정값을 보정하는데 꼭 필요하다. 이 탄소 13 측정 역시 방사성탄소 연대측정에서 꼭 필요한 중요한 부분이며, 에탄올 생산에서 쓰인 바이오 매스 물질의 원료를 증명할 수 있는 중요한 수단이 되기도 한다. 탄소 13 단독으로 혼합 물질에서 바이오 매스 물질과 화석 물질을 정확하게 측정할 수는 없다. 비록 석유와 옥수수의 탄소 13 농도는 서로 다르지만, 다른 바이오 매스 물질의 탄소 13 농도는 다양해서 석유의 탄소 13 농도와 구별이 안 된다. 바이오 에탄올 생산에 적합한 일부 물질들 – 예로 사탕무, 감자, 포도 그 외 일부 과일들은 석유의 탄소 13 농도가 같은 값을 가지며, 일반적으로 구별이 불가능하다. 이런 사실로 인해 바이오 에탄올에 10%나 20%의 합성 에탄올이 섞인 경우, 탄소 13 분석만으로는 애매한 결과를 만들어 낸다. 반면에 방사성탄소 연대측정 분석 기법은 정확하게 구별할 수가 있다.
일반적으로 방사성탄소 연대측정 실험실을 유지하기 위해서는 상당히 많은 화학적 장비와 전자 장비가 있어야 한다. Beta 연구소의 경우 여러 고가의 장비들을 보유하고 있다. – 53개의 액체 섬광 계수기, 다량의 가속 질량 분석기, 탄소 13 질량 분석기, 11 벤젠 합성 진공 실, 12 흑연 진공 실, 전 처리와 연소를 위한 여러 대의 오븐들. 등등.
가솔린의 바이오 에탄올 사용에 대한 세금 혜택으로 인해 합성 에탄올을 쓰려는 부도덕한 업자들의 유혹이 많아졌다. 대부분의 유혹은 바이오 에탄올에 합성 에탄올을 섞어서 검사에 걸리지 않게 되기를 바라는 것이다. 하지만 ASTM D6866-05 실험 방법은 정확하게 바이오 에탄올과 합성 에탄올 함량의 수량을 측정하며, 이런 부정적인 방법이 발을 붙이지 못하도록 한다. 즉 ASTM D6866-05 인증서를 세금 혜택을 받기 위해 제출해야 하는 기본 서류로 해야 할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 됩니다.
## ASTM D6866 최신판
2012년 5월 11일부터 새 버전인 ASTM D6866-12이 사용되고 있다.
Beta 연구소는 ASTM D6866 실험에서 액체 섬광 계수기 (liquid scintillation counters)를 더 이상 사용하지 않고 있다.
*페이지 업데이트 – 2015년 1월 7일*
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### [바이오 에탄올 산업](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/bio-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
매년 수많은 에탄올들이 만들어지고 있으며, 이들은 대부분 재생 원료 (바이오 에탄올)나 석유 (합성 에탄올)로 만든다. 하지만 이 둘은 화학적으로 구별이 안된다. 2006년 1월에 만들어진 the Renewable Fuels Standard는 한발짝 더 나아가 다음 세가지 이유로 반드시 이 둘이 구별되야만 한다고 규정하고 있다:
- 세금 계산 목적.
- 합성 상태에서의 바이오 에탄올 사용 량 증명.
- 바이오 에탄올 사용 목적과 관련한 Renewable Fuels Standard의 유지.
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") 은 에탄올 첨가제, 바이오 디젤 첨가제, 그 외 여러 바이오 기반 제품을 포함한 모든 자연 물질의 재생/바이오 기반 함량을 측정하는 미국 정부 승인 실험 방법이다. 이 방법은 바이오 기반 제품의 증명을 위해 미국 농무성 (USDA)에서 흔하게 사용하고 있으며, 바이오 에탄올의 증명과 수량 확인 방법에 동일하게 적용하여 사용되고 있다.
## 바이오 에탄올의 바이오 기반 함량 측정 실험
에탄올이 어떻게 만들어졌는지 확인하는 이유는 다음 4가지 목적 때문이다.
1. 바이오 에탄올 생산에 투자한 바이오매스 생산업자와 투자자의 이익을 보호한다.
2. 외국산 에탄올이 바이오 에탄올로 정확하고 정직하게 신고되었는지 확인하는 수단을 제공한다.
3. 세금 혜택을 노리고 화석 에탄올을 바이오 에탄올로 표시하는 사기 범죄를 방지한다.
4. 단 한장의 실험 보고서로 ( [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) 바이오 에탄올의 세금 혜택, 배송, 사용, 소비와 관련한 모든 정산 작업을 일원화한다.
특히나 바이오 에탄올 산업계는 화석 연료로 생산되는 에탄올을 걱정하게 되는데 이유는 재생 에탄올과 합성 에탄올이 화학적으로 동일하여 구별이 되지 않기 때문이다.1
바이오 에탄올 생산에 투자하는 투자자나 생산업자의 이익을 보호해주는 것이 국내 에탄올 경제 성공에 대단히 중요한 일이다. 하지만 아쉽게도 대부분의 사람들은 석유로 만든 값싼 합성 에탄올이 있다는 것을 알지 못한다. 비록 합성 에탄올이 화학적으로 바이오 에탄올과 동일하지만, ASTM D6866 테스트를 통해서 직접 구별 가능한다.
아래 그래프는 세계 최대의 합성 에탄올 생산업자가 생산하는 합성 에탄올 량을 보여준다.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
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### [미 소매 시장에서의 바이오 디젤 브렌드 정확성 실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/accuracy-checks.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Christopher Reddy, et al.의 연구에 의하면, 방사성탄소 연대측정 ([radiocarbon dating](https://www.radiocarbon.com/korean/about-carbon-dating.htm "Basic Principles of Carbon Dating")) 기법을 이용해 미국의 소매 시장에서 바이오 디젤 브렌드 중에서 바이오 디젤이 실제 얼마나 섞여 있는지 판별하는데 사용되었다고 한다. 20개 이상의 바이오 디젤 브렌드에 대한 이 분석에 따르면 정확치 않은 브렌드가 종종 발견되었다.
Reddy 라는 기업은 2006년에 미네소타, 인디아나, 매사추세츠, 테네시 주의 여러 소매 정유소에서 여러 종류의 바이오 브렌드를 수집 분석하기 위해 방사성탄소 기법을 사용했다. 그 결과에 따르면, 10개의 시료 중 단 1개만 미국 국방부 (U.S. Department of Defense)의 20% 바이오 디젤 (B20 브렌드 )의 혼합 기름을 쓰라는 규정을 통과했다.
## 바이오디젤의 방사성탄소 연대측정
Reddy에 따르면, 방사성탄소 기법을 응용한 실험 방법은 다른 방법, 특히나 적외선 분광 법을 이용한 유럽의 기준인 EN14078 보다 정확도 면에서 훨씬 좋다고 한다. 가장 좋은 장점 중 하나는 정확성이다. 이들 연구에 따르면 브렌드에 투입되는 모든 변수를 고려하여 계산해도 전체 브렌드 범위 (0-100%)에 대해 +- 1% 오차만 있을 정도라고 합니다.
더 자세한 내용은 2008년 2월에 *Environmental Science & Technology* 에 발표된 The study, Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends을 참조하시기 바란다.
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### [바이오 디젤과 바이오 브렌드 - 재생 대안 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/biodiesel-bioblends.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
바이오 디젤은 동물의 지방, 식물 기름, 식당의 재생 기름 등으로 만든 바이오 연료다. 이 바이오 분해성 액체 연료는 기름성 acid alkyl esters, fatty acid methyl esters, 혹은 mono alkyl esters로 되어 있다. 바이오 브렌드는 바이오 디젤과 석유 기반 디젤 합성물이다.
바이오 디젤은 연소 시 위해 가스 및 황산의 배출이 적어 엔진 사용에 석유 기반 디젤의 대용품으로 아주 좋다. 또한 독성이 아니며, 가연성이 적어 (발화점이 높음) 화석 기반 디젤보다 더 안전하다. 다만 석유 기반 디젤보다 갤런 당 8% 정도 적은 에너지를 가지고 있지만 기능면에서 커다란 차이는 없다.
미국 에너지 청은 (The U.S. Department of Energy) 미국 내 바이오 디젤 사용을 장려하기 위한 여러 정책들 하에서, 매년 17억 갤론을 만들 만큼의 충분한 대두 오일, 재생용 식당 기름, 그외 다른 동물의 지방으로 충분한 공급이 가능하다고 본다.
## 바이오 디젤의 생산
바이오 디젤을 에스터 화 (esterification)을 통해 만든다. 각종 기름과 지방을 메탄올로 섞어 수산화나트륨 (sodium hydroxide)을 촉매제로 해서 fatty acid methyl esters로 만든다. 글리세린이 부산물로 만들어진다.
## 바이오 디젤 브렌드
미국에서 일정 비율로 석유 기반 디젤에 바이오 디젤을 섞어 쓰는 것은 합법이다. B100 바이오 디젤은 순수 바이오 디젤이며, B20은 20% 의 바이오 디젤과 80% 석유 기반 디젤이 혼합되어다는 것을 말한다. 또한 B5 는 5%의 바이오 디젤과 95%의 석유 기반 디젤이 섞인 것을 말한다. 대부분의 바이오 디젤 사용자들은 B20을 이용하는데, 그 이유는 B100 보다 동절기 기능이 더 뛰어나며, 대체 문제에서 보다 우월하기 때문이다.
바이오 브렌드는 석유 기반 디젤이 연소할 때와 비교하여 훨씬 적은 온실 가스를 배출한다. The U.S. Department of Energy-Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center의 자료에 따르면, B100 사용함으로써 석유 기반 디젤에 비교해서 약 75% 이상 절감 효과가 있으며, B20은 15% 절감 효과가 있다.
## 미국의 규제 정책과 각종 인센티브들
연방 정부 및 주 정부 단위로 바이오 디젤과 바이오 브렌드 사용에 대한 여러가지 인센티브와 법이 정해져 있다. 워싱톤 주의 경우 13개의 법안과 4개의 각종 인센티브 프로그램이 있다. 또한 대부분의 주는 1992년의 Energy Policy Act에 따라 바이오 디젤 사용을 권장하기 위한 세금 감면 및 공제 혜택을 주고 있다.
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### [합성 에탄올: 최신 경향 및 공급](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/synthetic-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*합성 에탄올 및 바이오 에탄올 최신 경향 – 생산업자들끼리의 합병*
세계적인 에탄올 생산업체인 Tereos Group은 자회사인 바이오 에탄올 Nord Picardie을 통해 합성 에탄올 생산업체인 SODES을 합병했다. 합성 에탄올 공장은 에탄올 생산을 위해 석유제품의 부산물인 에틸렌을 사용한다. 이 기업은 같은 공장 내에서 합성 에탄올과 화학적으로나 물리적으로 전혀 분별이 안되는 바이오 에탄올 생산 확장 계획을 가지고 있다.
아프리카의 최대 에탄올 생산 업체인 NCP Alcohols은 (생산제품의 67%를 수출) 합성 에탄올과 식용 및 공업용 발효 알코올 생산업체인 AlcoGroup을 구매했다. AlcoGroup은 전세계 에탄올 거래에서 상당히 커다란 비중을 차지하는 기업이었다.
화학 회사인 INEOS Enterprises (전세계 최대 합성 에탄올 생산업체) 영국에 새로운 바이오 연료 공장 건설을 시작했다. 이 공장은 에틸렌으로 부터 합성 에탄올 300,000 톤 생산하는 INEOS Refining 부지에 세워질 것이다.
## 이것의 뜻은?
바이오 연료 시장은 다른 전통적인 시장과 비교해 보면 고품질의 제품에 대한 수요가 많지 않다. 이 말 뜻은 연료 및 전통 시장 모두 제품을 공급하는 생산업자 입장에서 보면, 연료 판매소는 가정용으로 합성 에탄올을 공급하며, 이는 전통적인 비연료 제품에 대해 통제를 벗어나는 것이다. 또한 이는 합성 에탄올 생산에 많은 이익을 주게 된다.
## 합성 에탄올의 연료로서의 효용성과 사용
합성 에탄올과 캘리포니아 산 99.9% 순수 발료 에탄올의 옥탄가 값과 연료 혼합물의 연료 기능성을 비교해 보는 실험이 있었다. 결론은 합성 에탄올이 바이오 에탄올 보다 훨씬 좋아 보였으며, 따라서 합성 에탄올이 세계 각국에서 발효 에탄올보다 훨씬 나은 대체물이 되었다. 1
석유로 만든 합성 에탄올은 휘발유와 12% 섞여 남아프리카 공화국에서 사용되고 있다.
따라서 에탄올을 많이 소비하는 브라질이나 남아프리카 공화국의 최신 경향은 급성장 기간이나 국내 공급이 부족할 경우 공급 시 부족한 틈을 메우기 위해 합성 에탄올 사용이 급중하고 있다. 성숙한 에탄올 시장을 가지고 있는 브라질은 공급이 일시 멈춘 몇년 전 부터 연료용 합성 에탄올을 수입하기 시작하였다.
## 합성 에탄올 공급
합성 에탄올은 천연 가스, 석탄, 에틸렌, 석유의 부산물을 합성해서 만든다. 석탄으로 만든 합성 에탄올의 가격은 수수로 부터 만든 에탄올 비용의 반에 불과하다. (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 South Africa).
석유계 에틸렌으로 만든 에탄올 생산 과정은 한단계로 간단하다. 에탄올 생산가의 급격한 상승 (2006년 갤런당 $4.00까지 상승) 석유 제품 생산업자들이 값싼 플라스틱 보다는 더 가치있는 에탄올 을 만들기 위해 에틸렌을 사용을 촉진하게 되었다.
사우디 아라비아의 SABIC은 에틸렌으로 만든 합성 에탄올을 모두 수출한다. 1999년과 2003년 사이, 미국의 가장 커다란 에탄올 수출업자였다.
미국 국제 무역 위원회 (International Trade Commission)에 따르면, 2005년에 CBI (Caribbean Basin Initiative)의 수입은 무관세이며, 주 정부의 세금 인센티브를 받았으며, 모든 바이오 에탄올 수입의 절반 이상을 차지했다. 이 에탄올들은 합성 에탄올이 함유되어 있는지 여부를 실험해 보지 않았다.
이런 사실을 알고 문제를 제기한 나라들은 다음과 같다.
- 뉴질랜드
- 네덜란드
- 영국
- 호주
- 남 아프리카
- 유럽 연합
미국 상원은 에너지 빌을 통과시켰는데, 이 에너지 빌에는 2012년까지 50억 갤론의 휘발유에 바이오 에탄올 사용을 의무화하는 조항(RFS)이 포함되어 있다. 세금 위원회 (The Joint Committee on Taxation) 이 조항에 따라 다음 10년까지 납세자가 50억 달러를 지불해야 한다고 예상했다. 법의 취지에 맞게 (바이오 에탄올 의무 사용), 특히나 수입 에탄올 사용에 속지 않게 적절한 모니터링 방법이 있어야 한다.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, November 2002.
---
### [바이오 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/about-biofuels.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 바이오 연료란 동물이나 식물과 같은 재생 자원으로 만든 운송용 연료를 말한다.
- 바이오 연료는 연소할 때 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 배출한다.
- 현재 많은 종류의 바이오 연료가 개발 중에 있다.
바이오 연료란 바이오매스로 부터 생산되는 기체, 액체, 고체 형태의 연료를 말한다. 이들 모두 재생 가능하며, 화석 연료의 대체재로 적합하다. 현재 시장에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 대부분의 바이오 연료는 식물로 만들어졌으며, 운송용 연료로도 사용되고 있다.
일부 식물들은 바이오 연료 생산을 위해 특별 재배되고 있다. 미국에서는 건초용 수수 (switchgrass), 대두, 옥수수가 많이 이용되며, 브라질에서는 사탕수수, 유럽에서는 사탕무나 밀이 많이 이용되고 있다. 또한 중국에서는 카사바 (cassava) 와 수수, 동남 아시아에서는 억새와 팜 오일, 인디아에서는 자트로파 (jatropha) 가 많이 이용되고 있다.
바이오 연료의 종류에는 바이오 디젤, 바이오 알콜 (바이오 에탄올, 바이오 메타놀, 바이오 부탄올) , 바이오 가스, 합성 가스 (syngas), 목재, 목탄, 톱밥과 같은 고체 상태의 바이오 연료등이 있다. 현재 바이오 연료의 사용과 더불어 개발에 힘쓰고 있는 나라는 브라질, 미국, 프랑스, 스웨덴, 독일 등이다.
## 바이오 연료의 종류
바이오 연료는 3 그룹으로 나눈다. – 1세대. 2세대, 3세대.
1세대 바이오 연료는 설탕, 녹말, 식물성 기름, 동물성 지방을 전통적인 방식으로 생산하고 있다. 이들은 살아있는 동물의 식량이기도 하기 때문에 “식량 대 연료” 논쟁이 커다란 이슈가 되고 있다.
제 1세대 바이오 연료의 생산에 많은 제한이 따른다. 이유는 식량 공급 차원과 종 다양성의 문제 때문이다. 한편으로는 바이오 연료에 대한 수요가 꾸준히 증가히는 관계로 제2세대 바이오 연료가 개발되었다. 식량이 될 수 없는 작물이나 혹은 폐기물로 여겨지는 줄기, 겉껍질, 나무 조각, 과일 껍질로 만든 바이오 연료가 2세대 바이오 연료다.
전문가들에 따르면, 이런 2세대 바이오 연료는 1세대 바이오 연료에 비해서 훨씬 많은 온실가스 배출을 줄여주고 있지만, 나무나 섬유질로 부터 유용한 부분을 추출 작업으로 인해 생산이 복잡하다.
3세대 바이오 연료는 조류로 만든다. 조류가 가지고 있는 탄수화물의 발효 작업을 거쳐 생산한다.
2세대 바이오 연료와 3세대 바이오 연료는 첨단 바이오 연료라 불린다. 현재 개발 중에 있는 첨단 바이오 연료에는 [hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html "all about HDRD") (HDRD)이 있다. 이것은 동물 지방이나 식물성 기름을 정제해서 만든다. 이것은 기존의 석유와 혼합하여 사용 가능하다.
## 바이오 연료와 탄소 중립 이산화탄소
바이오 연료는 연소 때 탄소 중립 이산화탄소 ([carbon neutral carbon dioxide](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbon neutral CO2 explained"))을 배출하기 때문에 화석 연료의 좋은 대체재가 된다. 연소 시 탄소 중립 이산화탄소는 탄소 발자국이 0이다. 왜냐면 지구 상의 탄소 농도에 아무런 영향을 끼치지 않기 때문이다.
바이오매스가 연소시 이산화탄소를 배출하지만 이 이산화탄소는 바이오매스인 식물에 의해 흡수되었던 이산화탄소이다. 이 사이클을 통해, 식물은 대기 중에 있는 탄소를 흡수하며, 이 식물이 연소할 때 대기 중으로 이 탄소를 다시 배출하게 되며, 이런 균형 작용에 의해 바이오매스는 탄소 중립이 된다.
미국의 의회는 2012년까지 50억 갤론의 휘발유에 바이오 에탄올을 반드시 사용하게끔 하는 조항을 포함한 (RFS) 에너지 법안을 통과시켰다. 미 국세청 위원회는 이 조항으로 미국 납세자들은 향후 10년 간 약 50억불 정도 추가 지불해야 한다고 한다. 따라서 이러한 법 정신 (바이오 에탄올의 강제 사용 조항)이 훼손되지 않는지 여부, 특히 외국산 저렴한 가짜 에탄올 사용 여부를 확인할 적절한 감시 도구가 있어야 했다.
## 각종 규제 조치와 인센티브
미국에서는 연방 정부 차원, 혹은 주 정부 차원에서든 바이오 연료 사용을 권장하기 위한 많은 인센티브 제도와 법이 있다. 예를 들어 워싱턴 주에서만 4개의 인센티브 프로그램과 13개의 법이 있다. Energy Policy Act of 1992의 대안 연료 사용에 따라 B100 와 B20 바이오 디젤 브렌드 혹은 그 이상의 브렌드. 또한 대부분의 주에서는 바이오 연료 사용에 따라 세금 면제 혹은 세금 공제를 해주고 있다.
유럽과 같은 나라들 역시 바이오 연료와 같은 바이오 기반 제품의 사용을 증진시키기 위한 많은 인센티브 제도가 있다.
**추가 자료:**
[바이오 에탄올](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/bio-ethanol.html)
[바이오 디젤과 바이오 혼합연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/biodiesel-bioblends.html)
[제트 엔진용 연료](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/jet-biofuels.html)
[재생 디젤](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html)
[바이오매스 기반 디젤](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/biomass-based-diesel.html)
[합성 에탄올](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/synthetic-ethanol.html)
[바이오 에탄올 대 석유 에탄올](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biofuels/petroleum-ethanol.html)
---
### [Why Verify Bio-ethanol?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/bio-ethanol-verification.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Ethanol is easily made by the hydrolysis of ethylene, a major petrochemical. Two million tons of petroleum-derived ethanol are produced annually. The principal ethanol suppliers are South Africa and Saudi Arabia, but there are also large plants in the United States, Europe, and Japan. Petroleum-derived ethanol (synthetic ethanol) is a widely used industrial solvent and has a considerable variety of other applications.
Identifying the origin of ethanol serves four significant purposes:
1. It protects the interests of biomass producers and investors investing in bio-ethanol production.
2. It provides a means to ensure imported ethanol claimed to be bio-ethanol is correctly and honestly cited.
3. It deters fraud or otherwise dishonest representation of ethanol as bio-ethanol for the purposes of tax credits.
4. It provides a single number reference (using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")) to be added to accounting requirements associated with the tax credits, distribution, utilization, and consumption of bio-ethanol.
The tax credits for ethanol in gasoline (Energy Policy Act of 2005 H.R.6) are intended for bio-ethanol and not petroleum-derived ethanol. The issuance of these tax credits will have to require a certification that the ethanol comes from renewable sources. The recognized scientific test is ASTM D6866, which unambiguously and quantitatively distinguishes between materials produced from fossil fuels such as petroleum and those produced from contemporary biomass.
## ASTM D6866 for Bio-ethanol Verification
ASTM D6866 protects the interests of investors and biomass producers investing in bio-ethanol production. The method is used routinely by the USDA in the identification of biobased products and is applied without modification for the identification and quantification of bio-ethanol.
The important tax credits for bio-ethanol in gasoline will provide a temptation for unscrupulous individuals to submit synthetic ethanol. It is anticipated that the most common occurrence will be the dilution of bio-ethanol with synthetic ethanol. ASTM D6866 is a quantitative technique that will be able to clearly signal any significant dilution.
ASTM D6866 will protect the bio-ethanol industry by discouraging this cheating. An ASTM D6866 certification should be the necessary condition for each batch of bio-ethanol that is being submitted for tax credits.
ASTM D6866 uses the radiocarbon dating technique. Biomass has carbon 14 whereas fossil materials no longer have any of this weakly radioactive carbon isotope left. Measuring the concentrations of carbon 14 in an ethanol sample will show whether it had been manufactured from renewable or from fossil materials. It is also anticipated that in some cases there will be a mixture of bio-ethanol and synthetic ethanol.
In samples with both types of ethanol, ASTM D6866 will quantitatively determine the percentage of bio-ethanol so that the appropriate tax credit could be given. Likewise, ASTM D6866 would be an applicable test for bulk gasoline containing varying concentrations of bio-ethanol. The test would indicate the amount of renewable material in the total liquid. However, it must be certain that the gasoline is well mixed so that the very small sample taken is representative of the entire storage tank. This is always an important concern in bulk materials testing.
The ASTM D6866 analysis not only measures the carbon 14 content of the ethanol samples but also carbon 13, the more stable carbon isotope. Carbon 13 measurement is an integral part of radiocarbon dating. It is also, in some cases, a means of verifying the source of the biomass used for ethanol production. Carbon 13, however, is not suitable for precisely determining renewable vs. fossil contents in mixtures.
Although petroleum and corn, for example, have different carbon 13 concentrations, carbon 13 from other biomass materials have values that are quite variable. Some materials suitable for bio-ethanol production like sugar beets, sweet potatoes, grapes and other fruits, have carbon 13 values that are generally indistinguishable from that of petroleum. This would result in carbon 13 analyses giving ambiguous results in the case of dilutions of bio-ethanol with ten or twenty percent synthetic ethanol. On the other hand, radiocarbon dating analysis would clearly show this dilution.
For details on the radiocarbon dating process, see [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
---
### [Measuring Biogenic Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 is the standard test method developed by ASTM International (formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials) to determine the biobased carbon/biogenic carbon content of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples using radiocarbon analysis. Because it can be used to analyze any type of sample, it is recognized to be a very good analytical method for different [types of biofuels.](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/about-biofuels.html)
[**REQUEST A QUOTE**](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html "Request a quote")
ASTM D6866 was first released in 2004. Several versions have been published since then – ASTM D6866-04, ASTM D6866-04a, ASTM D6866-05, ASTM D6866-06, ASTM D6866-06a, ASTM D6866-08, ASTM D6866-10, ASTM D6866-11, ASTM D6866-12, ASTM D6866-16, ASTM D6866-18, ASTM D6866-20, ASTM D6866-21 and ASTM D6866-22. ASTM D6866-24 is the current active version of the standard as of February 2024.
The radiocarbon dating method may have started as a tool in archaeology and other fossil studies, but it has now found other applications, notably the quantification of the biogenic fractions in biobased materials.
To illustrate how ASTM D6866 is applied for biofuel testing, let us use bio-diesel as an example (explanation below).
## ASTM D6866 Results and Interpretation
The application of ASTM D6866 to derive the bio-diesel content in a mixture is built on the same concepts as radiocarbon dating but without using age equations. It is done by deriving a ratio of the amount of radiocarbon (carbon 14) in an unknown sample to that of a modern reference standard. The ratio is reported as a percentage with the units “pMC” (percent modern carbon). If the material being analyzed is a mixture of present-day radiocarbon and fossil carbon (which contains no radiocarbon), then the pMC value obtained correlates directly to the amount of bio-diesel present in the sample.
Combining fossil carbon with present-day carbon into a material will result in a dilution of the present-day pMC content. As the present-day bio-diesel materials have a known pMC value (99.7 in 2024) and 0 pMC represents petroleum derivatives, the measured pMC value for that material will reflect the proportions of the two component types. A material derived 100% from present-day soybeans would give a radiocarbon signature near 99.7 pMC in 2024. If that material was diluted with 50% petroleum derivatives, it would give a radiocarbon signature near 50 pMC.
The ASTM D6866 results involve materials provided without any source information. This situation is highly probable in a real-life situation. The Mean Value quoted in this report encompasses an absolute range of 6% (plus and minus 3% on either side of the Mean Bio-diesel Result) to account for variations in end-component radiocarbon signatures (a conservative approximation). It is presumed that all materials are present-day or fossil in origin, and that the desired result is the amount of bio-diesel component “present” in the material and NOT the amount of bio-diesel material “used” in the manufacturing process. One can interpret the reported percentages as maximum values (the most conservative interpretation).
[Official ASTM D6866 page ](https://store.astm.org/d6866-24.html)
## Radiocarbon Dating
Radiocarbon dating, first developed in 1947, depends on the continuous production of a radioactive isotope—carbon 14 or radiocarbon—by cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere. The isotope combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which filters down to the biosphere and is taken up by plants, which are subsequently eaten by animals.
The carbon 14 is continuously lost by radioactive decay, but this is balanced by the continuous production by cosmic rays. All living beings, plant and animal, will have the same concentration of carbon 14. However, when the plants or animals die, their carbon 14 is no longer replaced from the atmosphere. The content of this isotope in the dead remains or fossils gradually decreases up to the point where there is essentially none left, taking approximately fifty thousand years.
Radiocarbon dating procedures accurately measure the carbon 14 content in various materials, and from carbon dating results one can calculate when the plant or animal died. The dating system is an indispensable tool for archaeology, geology, and other earth sciences.
Radiocarbon dating is a branch of nuclear chemistry and physics. Since the amount of carbon 14 is very small, the most sensitive techniques for its measurements are required. Two procedures are currently used, radiometric dating and accelerator mass spectrometry.
## Radiometric vs. AMS Dating
Radiometric dating measures the radiation produced from the disintegration of carbon 14 while accelerator mass spectrometry directly measures the concentration of carbon 14 in a sample. There is extensive instrumentation involved in both techniques as well as complicated chemistry in the preparation of samples before measurement.
For both radiometric and accelerator mass spectrometry techniques, pretreatments of the samples are important. The procedures for these techniques vary widely, depending on the type of material being measured. The steps involve various physical and chemical operations to eliminate extraneous materials. The pretreatment steps for the two techniques are different, but both involve high-vacuum operations.
For radiometric measurement, the samples are combusted in a specialized vacuum system to produce carbon dioxide. This is then combined with molten lithium to produce lithium carbide. After cooling, the lithium carbide is reacted with water to produce acetylene. This gas is purified and finally converted to benzene using a silica-alumina catalyst. All of these procedures are carried out in glass vacuum systems. The benzene, which is 92% carbon, is mixed with scintillator chemicals and placed in a liquid scintillation counter for radiation detection. On average, the sample will remain in a counter for two days to accumulate enough counts to give reasonable statistics. Both contemporary standards and background materials are also subsequently measured in the same counters.
Samples for accelerator mass spectrometry are combusted to carbon dioxide, which is then purified. The carbon dioxide is reacted with hydrogen to form graphite in a specialized glass vacuum line. The graphite, which is 100% carbon, is placed into aluminum target holders and placed in the particle accelerator for measurement. The analysis takes about thirty minutes. As with the radiometric technique, modern and background samples are subsequently measured in the same way.
In addition, all samples are analyzed for the stable isotope, carbon 13. This is essential for adjustment of the measured carbon 14 values. Carbon 13 measurement is an integral part of radiocarbon dating although it is not suitable for precisely determining renewable vs. fossil contents in mixtures.
*Page last updated: July 2024*
---
### [Diesel Substitutes: Biodiesel and Biomass-based Diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/biomass-based-diesel.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biodiesel and Biomass-based diesel are two different alternatives to diesel
- The U.S. FTC has established labeling requirements for biodiesel and biomass-based diesel
- Beta Analytic promotes the use of ASTM D6866 to verify the accuracy of biodiesel and biomass-based diesel blends
## Biodiesel is not Biomass-based Diesel
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission has defined biodiesel and biomass-based diesel to clarify their differences. According to the FTC, biomass-based diesel means “a diesel fuel substitute produced from non-petroleum renewable resources that meets the registration requirements for fuels and fuel additives established by the Environmental Protection Agency under 42 U.S.C. 7545, and includes fuel derived from animal wastes, including poultry fats and poultry wastes, and other waste materials, or from municipal solid waste and sludges and oils derived from wastewater and the treatment of wastewater, except that the term does not include biodiesel.”
In the U.S. EPA’s amended Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) finalized in February 2010, biomass-based diesel is defined as “renewable fuel that has lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions that are at least 50 percent less than baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions” and meets all of these requirements: (a) it is a transportation fuel, transportation fuel additive, heating oil, or jet fuel; (b) it meets the definition of either biodiesel or non-ester renewable diesel; and (c) it is registered as a motor vehicle fuel or fuel additive under 40 CFR part 79, if the fuel or fuel additive is intended for use in a motor vehicle. The EPA clarifies that a renewable fuel that is co-processed with petroleum is not biomass-based diesel.
Biodiesel, on the other hand, means “the mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from plant or animal matter that meet: the registration requirements for fuels and fuel additives under 40 CFR Part 79; and the requirements of the American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6751–07b (Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels).”
A biodiesel blend is a mix of biodiesel and petroleum-based diesel fuel. Similarly, a biomass-based diesel blend contains biomass-based diesel and diesel.
## U.S. FTC Color Codes for Biodiesel and Biomass-based Diesel
The FTC assigned label colors for these diesel substitutes – blue for biodiesel and orange for biomass-based diesel. The fuel name is found at the upper portion of the label. Text stating the exact percentage of the diesel substitute is found below the name.
Blends with more than 5% biodiesel or biomass-based diesel needs to be labeled as prescribed by the FTC. Blends with 5% or less biodiesel or biomass-based diesel do not require labels.
## Checking Biodiesel and Biomass-based Diesel Blends Accuracy through ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic, Inc., of Miami, Florida, is a radiocarbon dating laboratory accredited to the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard. The company is promoting the use of ASTM D6866 to verify the accuracy of biofuel blends.
ASTM D6866 can be used to test for the renewable content of the fuel. The method easily determines how much of the blend is biodiesel or biomass-derived diesel by quantifying the carbon 14 present in the samples. The other component of the blend, petroleum-based diesel, has no carbon 14. Thus, the carbon 14 measured via ASTM D6866 can be easily attributed to the percentage of the blended fuel that came from biomass.
---
### [Biofuels for Aviation: The Future of Jet Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/jet-biofuels.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Due to rising oil prices and environmental concerns, the aviation industry is now looking at biofuels as alternatives to petroleum-derived jet fuel. Test flights using biofuels are already underway as the industry looks for cost-effective, clean alternatives to kerosene as jet fuel.
## ASTM D6866 Testing for Jet Biofuel Blends
ASTM D6866 testing is done on jet biofuels under development. The method determines the exact percentage of the fuel that came from renewable sources (plants) by measuring the amount of carbon 14 present in it. Any material that came from biomass has carbon 14 whereas those from fossil sources have no carbon 14. Thus, ASTM D6866 can be used as a verification tool when checking the accuracy of biofuel blends. More information on ASTM D6866 is found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866").
## Energy-rich Plant Extracts as Biofuels
There are several plants whose extracts are now being tested as jet fuels. These include soy, canola, camelina, jatropha, and algae. Burning fuels from these plants’ extracts will not contribute to global warming because their combustion product is carbon-neutral carbon dioxide.
Although soy and canola have produced promising fuel blends for jets, they are food crops and their use for non-food purposes are under fire in food versus fuel debates.
## Jet Fuels from Camelina, Jatropha, and Algae
Camelina is a flowering stalk that can reach several feet in height, and it can be grown on wheat fields that are left fallow. Fuel with camelina oil has already been used by Japan Airlines to fly a Boeing 747 for 90 minutes.
Another feedstock is jatropha, a poisonous shrub that can grow up to nine feet tall on soil that cannot sustain food crops. Like the jatropha, algae can be grown in polluted waters hence growing lots of it would not be a problem. Extracting oils from these two, however, is complex.
Oils from jatropha and algae have been blended with 50% regular jet fuel, and the blend was used by a Continental Airlines Boeing 737 to complete a two-hour test flight from Houston – the first U.S. commercial jet flight using biofuels. Japan Airlines was recorded as having used a blend of camelina, jatropha, and algae for a test flight.
---
### [Distinguishing Between Bio-ethanol and Petroleum Ethanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/petroleum-ethanol.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*By Dr. Murry Tamers, Beta Analytic Founder and Chairman*
*Article from Ethanol Producer Magazine Published June 1, 2006*
Much of the ethanol produced in the world is actually a petroleum product. It is easily made by the hydrolysis of ethylene, a major petrochemical. Two million tons of petroleum-derived ethanol is produced annually. The principal suppliers are from South Africa and Saudi Arabia, but there are also large plants in the United States, Europe and Japan. Petroleum-derived ethanol (synthetic ethanol) is a widely used industrial solvent and has a considerable variety of other applications.
The new tax credits for ethanol in gasoline (Energy Policy Act of 2005, H.R. 6) are intended for “bio-ethanol” or “renewable ethanol,” and not petroleum-derived ethanol. The issuance of these tax credits will have to require a certification that the ethanol comes from renewable sources. The recognized scientific test is the [ASTM method D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM method D6866-05"). This unambiguously and quantitatively distinguishes between materials produced from fossil fuels, such as petroleum, and those produced from contemporary biomass. ASTM D6866-05 protects the interests of investors and biomass producers investing in bio-ethanol production. In fact, it is of paramount importance to the success of the domestic bio-ethanol industry.
Bio-ethanol and synthetic ethanol are chemically indistinguishable—they are both the same compound, C2H5OH. The only difference between the two is the isotopic composition of the carbon atoms. Synthetic ethanol comes from fossil raw materials, and bio-ethanol comes from contemporary materials. A common procedure for studying fossils has been applied for ASTM D6866-05; it is the technique of radiocarbon dating, known for its use in archaeology and other fossil studies. Radiocarbon dating measures the content of a naturally occurring isotope, carbon 14, in the samples studied and compares this to the content in contemporary materials.
ASTM D6866-05 uses the same techniques as radiocarbon dating. Biomass consists of contemporary materials containing carbon 14, whereas fossil materials do not have any of this isotope left. It has all decayed away over the years. Measuring the concentrations of carbon 14 in the ethanol being studied will show whether it was manufactured from renewable or from fossil materials. In some cases, there will be a mixture of bio-ethanol and synthetic ethanol. Here, ASTM D6866-05 will quantitatively determine the percentage of bio-ethanol so that the appropriate tax credit can be given. Likewise, ASTM D6866-05 would be an applicable test for bulk gasoline containing varying concentrations of bio-ethanol. The test would indicate the amount of renewable material in the total liquid. However, it must be certain that the gasoline is well-mixed so that the small sample taken is representative of the entire storage tank. This is always an important concern in bulk materials testing.
Radiocarbon dating, first developed in 1947, depends on the continuous production of a radioactive isotope, carbon 14 or radiocarbon, by cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere. The isotope combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, which filters down to the biosphere. It is taken up by plants, which are then eaten by animals. The carbon 14 is continuously lost by radioactive decay, but this is balanced by the continuous production by cosmic rays.
All living beings, plant and animal, will have the same concentration of carbon 14. However, when the plants or animals die, their carbon 14 is no longer replaced from the atmosphere. The content of this isotope in the dead remains or fossils gradually decreases up to the point where there is essentially none left, taking approximately 50,000 years. Radiocarbon dating procedures accurately measure the carbon 14 content in various materials, and from this, one can calculate when the plant or animal died. The dating system is an indispensable tool for archaeology, and also many studies in geology and other earth sciences.
Radiocarbon dating is a branch of nuclear chemistry and physics. Since the amounts of carbon 14 are very small, the most sensitive techniques for its measurements are required. Two procedures are currently used: radiometric and accelerator mass spectrometry. Radiometric measures the radiation produced from the disintegration of carbon 14; accelerator mass spectrometry measures the concentration of carbon 14 directly.
For both radiometric and accelerator mass spectrometry techniques, pretreatments of the samples can be important. The procedures for this vary widely, depending on the type of material being measured. The steps involve various physical and chemical operations to eliminate extraneous materials. After this, the treatments for the two techniques are different, but both involve high vacuum operations.
For radiometric measurement, the samples are combusted in a specialized vacuum system to produce carbon dioxide. This is then combined with molten lithium to produce lithium carbide. After cooling, the lithium carbide is reacted with water to produce acetylene. This gas is purified and finally converted to benzene using a silica-alumina catalyst. All of these procedures are carried out in glass vacuum systems. The benzene, which contains 92 percent carbon, is mixed with scintillator chemicals and placed in a liquid scintillation counter for radiation detection. On average, the sample will remain in a counter for two days in order to accumulate enough counts to give reasonable statistics. Both contemporary standards and background materials are also subsequently measured in the same counters.
Samples for accelerator mass spectrometry are combusted to carbon dioxide, which is then purified. The carbon dioxide is reacted with hydrogen to form graphite in a specialized glass vacuum line. The graphite, 100 percent carbon, is put into aluminum target holders and placed in the particle accelerator for measurement. The analysis here takes about 30 minutes. As with the radiometric technique, modern and background samples are subsequently measured in the same way.
In addition, all samples are analyzed for the stable isotope, carbon 13. This is essential for adjustment of the measured carbon 14 values. Carbon 13 measurement is an integral part of radiocarbon dating. It is also, in some cases, a means of verifying the source of the biomass used for the ethanol production. Carbon 13 itself is not suitable for precisely determining renewable versus fossil contents in mixtures. Although petroleum and corn, for example, have different carbon 13 concentrations, natural carbon 13 from other biomass materials has values that are quite variable. Some materials suitable for bio-ethanol production—for example, sugar beets, sweet potatoes, grapes and other fruits—have carbon 13 values that are generally indistinguishable from that of petroleum. This would result in carbon 13 analyses giving ambiguous results in the case of dilutions of bio-ethanol with 10 percent or 20 percent synthetic ethanol. On the other hand, radiocarbon dating analysis would clearly show this dilution.
The amount of chemical and electronic equipment needed for a routine radiocarbon dating laboratory is quite large. For Beta Analytic Inc., the capital equipment includes 53 liquid scintillation counters, particle accelerators with ion sources, carbon-13 mass spectrometers with elemental analyzers, 11 benzene synthesis vacuum lines, 12 graphitization vacuum lines, and extensive materials and ovens for the pretreatments and combustions.
The important tax credits for bio-ethanol in gasoline will provide a temptation for unscrupulous individuals to submit synthetic (petroleum) ethanol. It is anticipated that the most common occurrence will be the dilution of bio-ethanol with synthetic ethanol in the hope that this will not be detected. However, ASTM D6866-05 is a quantitative technique that will be able to clearly signal any significant dilution. ASTM D6866-05 will protect the biobased industry by discouraging this cheating. An ASTM D6866-05 certification should be the necessary condition for each batch of bio-ethanol that is being submitted for the tax credit.
## ASTM D6866 Update
As of May 11, 2012, ASTM D6866-12 is the current active version of the standard.
Beta Analytic no longer uses liquid scintillation counters for ASTM D6866 testing.
*Page last updated – January 7, 2015*
---
### [Testing the Accuracy of U.S. Retail Biodiesel Blends](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/accuracy-checks.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A study by Christopher Reddy, et al., used [radiocarbon dating](https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm "Basic Principles of Carbon Dating") to determine the biodiesel blending percentages of retail biodiesel blends in the U.S. Their analysis of more than 20 biodiesel blends revealed that inaccurate blending happens frequently.
Reddy and company used their validated radiocarbon-based method to analyze a variety of bioblends acquired in 2006 from retailers in Minnesota, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Tennessee. Based on their results, only one out of 10 retail samples passed the specifications that the U.S. Department of Defense requires for blends that are 20% biodiesel (B20 blends).
## Radiocarbon Dating Biodiesel
According to Reddy, the radiocarbon-based biodiesel blend determination poses some important advantages over existing methods, including the European Standard method EN 14078, which employs infrared spectroscopy. One of the advantages is accuracy. Their study demonstrated ±1% accuracy over the entire v/v blending range (0–100%) while accounting for real-world variability in all of the input parameters.
The study, [Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es071814j), was published in *Environmental Science & Technology* in February 2008.
---
### [Biodiesel and Bioblends – Renewable Alternative Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/biodiesel-bioblends.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Biodiesel is a biofuel that is produced from animal fat, vegetable oils, or recycled restaurant greases. This biodegradable liquid fuel is composed of fatty acid alkyl esters, fatty acid methyl esters, or long-chain mono alkyl esters. Bioblends are mixtures of biodiesel and petroleum-based diesel.
Biodiesel is considered to be a good petroleum-based diesel replacement for use with compression-ignition engines because it emits less harmful gases and sulfur when burned. Biodiesel is also considerably safer than its fossil-based counterpart since it is non-toxic and less combustible (higher flash point). Although biodiesel contains about 8% less energy per gallon than petroleum diesel, no significant difference in performance or fuel economy has been reported.
The U.S. Department of Energy says there is enough supply of virgin soy oil, recycled restaurant grease, and other feedstocks to produce about 1.7 billion gallons of biodiesel per year under policies designed to encourage biodiesel use in the country.
## Biodiesel Production
Biodiesel is produced through esterification. Fats and oils are mixed with an alcohol, usually methanol, to form fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of a catalyst, usually sodium hydroxide. Glycerin is a by-product of biodiesel production.
## Biodiesel Blends
In the U.S., it is legal to blend biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel in any percentage. B100 biodiesel is pure biodiesel, B20 contains 20% biodiesel and 80% petroleum diesel, and B5 contains 5% biodiesel and 95% petroleum diesel. Most of the biodiesel users choose B20 because it does not have the same cold-weather performance and material compatibility issues that B100 has.
Bioblends also emit less greenhouse gases when combusted compared to petroleum diesel. According to the U.S. Department of Energy-Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center, using B100 reduces CO2 emissions by more than 75% compared with petroleum diesel. Using B20 reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 15%.
## U.S. Regulations and Incentives
There are many incentives and laws for the use of biodiesel and bioblends at state and federal levels. The state of Washington has the most with 4 incentive programs and 13 laws. Most states offer tax exemptions and deductions to encourage people to use biodiesel. B100 and blends of B20 or higher qualify for alternative fuel credits under the Energy Policy Act of 1992.
---
### [FCC Method to Determine Authenticity of Naturally Derived Food Ingredients](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fcc.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) is an internationally recognized compendium of quality, identity and purity standards for food ingredients published by the US Pharmaceutical Convention (USP). It includes specifications of the ingredients’ chemical formula, structure, molecular weight as well as its function, definition and information on packaging, storage and labeling.
In the accompanying appendices of the FCC, corresponding tests and assays are laid out, along with the relevant reference material to ensure reliability of the specified analytical procedures. With this information, the FCC provides an independent process for suppliers and producers in the industry to agree on the criteria for identity, quality and purity, and thereby the basis of determining the authenticity of food ingredients.
## FCC Method for Bio-based Content of Food
The FCC method for[ determining bio-based content of food ingredients](https://www.perfumerflavorist.com/home/news/21875624/food-chemicals-codex-features-new-method-for-determining-bio-based-content) uses carbon isotope signatures to differentiate between renewable carbon sources (e.g. plant or animal-based) and synthetic sources (e.g. petroleum-derived). The carbon isotope signature method is the most accurate way to determine bio-based content. This method allows bio-based percentage claims on food labeling to be verified.
The FCC suggests the method for 1,3-propanediol, but it is applicable to all carbon-based ingredients. The basis of the method lies in the isotopes of carbon – Carbon-12, Carbon-13 and Carbon 14. Naturally derived products will have known amounts of these isotopes, so by comparing the measured amounts to reference standards the authenticity of a natural product can be determined. The radioactive isotope, Carbon-14, is used in particular to distinguish the natural vs synthetic components of a product.
## Counterfeit Detection
The FCC method for bio-based content testing is also a useful tool in counterfeit detection. It allows the [detection of fraud](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fraud-detection.html) and adulteration, commonly seen when the natural extract is significantly more expensive than the synthetic compound.
Counterfeit detection is particularly pertinent for both new ingredients and those that are growing in popularity. Instances of adulteration and fraud are most often seen where there is a very high demand for an ingredient with a limited supply of the natural source.
Bio-based content testing can verify any “natural” claims by determining the percentage of the product that comes from renewable sources compared to any synthetic components.
## Beta Analytic High-Quality Bio-based Content Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides accurate bio-based content testing in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. Since 1979, the lab has been the world leader in Carbon-14 measurements with multiple forwarding facilities around the globe. Miami-based Beta Analytic has unparalleled expertise with bio-based samples. The lab was one of the key developers of the first standard to determine the bio-based content of products using the radiocarbon method and has been technical adviser to all major bio-based standardization initiatives worldwide including ISO 16620-2. For inquiries, [email or call the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**Related Topics:**
[Food Coloring – Natural or Synthetic?](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-food-color/)
[Garlic Oil Quality Control by Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/garlic-oil/)
[Natural vs Synthetic – Turmeric Adulteration](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic/)
*Last Updated September 2016*
---
### [Beta Analytic Publications](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-publications.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2010
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## *Articles Published by Beta Analytic*
## CO2 and Waste-Derived Fuels
Environmental Expert (Nov. 2009) – [Used Tires are Better Fuels than Coal and Coke, Aliapur Says](http://www.environmental-expert.com/resultEachArticle.aspx?cid=36639&codi=78443)
Energetica India (Nov.-Dec. 2009 Issue) – Quantifying the Renewable Carbon Content of Scrap Tires
Scrap Tire News (Dec. 2009) – [Burning Scrap Tires Produce Lesser Fossil CO2 Emissions than Burning Coal](https://www.betalabservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/25607963-Beta-Analytic-Article-in-Scrap-Tire-News.pdf)
Global Cement Magazine (March 2010) – U.S. Cement Industry’s Issues with the EPA’s Mandatory Reporting Rule
Industrial GHG Solutions Magazine (April 2010) – ASTM D6866: Measuring Biogenic CO2 of Stack Emissions
WTERT Brasil Web site (August 2010) – [Teste de Conteúdo Biogenico de Combustíveis Derivados de Residuos via ASTM D6866](http://www.wtert.com.br/home2010/arquivo/publicacoes/Teste_de_Conteudo_Biogenico_de_Combustiveis_Derivados_de_Residuos_via_ASTM%20D6866.pdf) (Portuguese article)
Entsorga (September 2010) – Biomassenanteil berechnen (German article)
World Cement Magazine (November 2010) – Measuring Biogenic Fraction
## Biobased Industry
Emballages Magazine (Aug. 2008) – [Beta Analytic qualifie l’origine renouvelable des bioplastiques](http://www.emballagesmagazine.com/actualites/beta-analytic-qualifie-l-origine-renouvelable-des-bioplastiques.14206) (French article)
Society of Plastics Engineers Quebec Section Bulletin (Sept. 2009) – [ASTM D6866: Measuring the Biobased Content of Biopolymers](http://www.polymtl.ca)
British Adhesives and Sealants Association Bulletin (Feb. 2010) – [ASTM D6866: Determining the Biobased Content of Adhesives and Sealants](http://www.basaonline.org/uploads/files/BASABulletinFeb2010.pdf#page=4)
Science Times China (June 2010) – [ASTM D6866：生物低碳工具](http://news.sciencenet.cn/sbhtmlnews/2010/6/233352.html) (Chinese article)
## Biofuels
Ethanol Producer Magazine (June 2006) – [Distinguishing Between ‘Bio-Ethanol’ and Petroleum Ethanol](http://www.ethanolproducer.com/article.jsp?article_id=2077)
## **Third-Party Articles Featuring ASTM D6866 or Beta Analytic**
Emballages Magazine (Oct. 2009) – [Des Bioplastiques Plus Transparents](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/emballage-magazine-Oct-09.pdf) (French article)
Industrial GHG Solutions (Nov. 2009) – EPA Recommends Radiocarbon Dating by Ron Kotrba
Chemical & Engineering News (February 2012) – [Verifying Biobased Materials](http://cen.acs.org/articles/90/i7/Verifying-Biobased-Materials.html?h=2061834918 "Verifying Biobased Materials") by Marc Reisch
*Page last updated on February 15, 2012*
---
### [Zahlungsbedingungen von SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/zahlungsbedingungen.html)
**Published:** July 15, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
**ANGEBOT** — Bitte füllen Sie dieses [Formular](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) aus und teilen Sie uns die Anzahl der Proben, die gewünschten Dienstleistungen und die Rechnungsadresse der zahlenden Institution mit. Ein Kundenbetreuer wird Sie innerhalb von 24 Stunden (außer am Wochenende) kontaktieren.
KONTAKT BUCHHALTUNGSABTEILUNG** — Wenn Sie Fragen zu Ihren Rechnungen, Zahlungen oder Bestellungen haben, kontaktieren Sie uns bitte unter:
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Telefonnummer: (+1) 305-396-6144
Geschäftszeiten: 8:00–17:00 Uhr EST (Montag–Freitag)
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Die per E-Mail versandte Rechnung enthält einen PDF-Anhang mit unseren Bankdaten, sowie einem sicheren Zahlungslink – suchen Sie nach der blauen Schaltfläche „Rechnung Anzeigen/Bezahlen“. Klicken Sie nach dem Öffnen auf die grüne Schaltfläche „Rechnung Bezahlen“, wählen Sie eine Zahlungsmethode aus dem Dropdown-Menü und geben Sie die anderen erforderlichen Daten ein, einschließlich einer E-Mail-Adresse, an die die Quittung gesendet werden soll. Für jede erfolgreiche Zahlung erhalten Sie eine E-Mail-Quittung.
BESTELLUNGEN (PO)** — Eine PO ist ein von Ihrer Buchhaltungsabteilung bereitgestelltes Dokument, das angibt, dass Ihre Bestellung angenommen und zur Zahlung registriert wurde. Eine PO kann den Prozess der Berichterstattung der Ergebnisse beschleunigen. Kontaktieren Sie unsere Buchhaltungsabteilung, um Ihre Zahlungsbedingungen mit uns zu bestätigen (Netto 15, Netto 30 usw.). Die Bedingungen müssen von beiden Parteien vereinbart werden.
SGS Beta akzeptiert nur Bestellungen im PDF-Dateiformat und:
- Lesbar und auf dem Briefkopf einer offiziellen Institution, Behörde oder Firma oder einem gleichwertigen Briefpapier gedruckt;
- Halten Sie eine Bestellnummer und das Genehmigungsdatum Ihrer Buchhaltungsabteilung oder -behörde bereit.
- Fügen Sie die von beiden Parteien vereinbarten Zahlungsbedingungen hinzu;
- Geben Sie Ihre Postanschrift und E-Mail-Adresse, sowie die primären Kontaktinformationen Ihrer Kreditorenbuchhaltungs- oder Buchhaltungsabteilung (Name und Telefonnummer des Ansprechpartners) an.
- Geben Sie die physische Adresse und die E-Mail-Adresse an, an die die Rechnung gesendet werden soll UND alle besonderen Anweisungen, die für das Einreichen von Rechnungen zur sofortigen Zahlung erforderlich sind;
- Von einem autorisierten Genehmiger unterzeichnet und/oder abgestempelt;
- Der Name und die Adresse unseres Labors sollten wie folgt lauten:
Beta Analytic LLC
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Miami, Florida 33155
United States
Tel: (+1) 305-396-6144
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Die Bestellung sollte außerdem Folgendes enthalten**:
- Die gewünschten Prüfungen, samt Ihrer Durchlaufzeiten;
- Anzahl der Proben;
- Preis pro Probe und Gesamtbetrag fällig an SGS Beta in der Währung der Rechnung.
Wenn Sie einen Kostenvoranschlag von einem SGS-Beta-Accountmanager erhalten haben, geben Sie bitte die Kostenvoranschlagsnummer auf der Bestellung an.
VORAUSRECHNUNG/PROFORMA** — Senden Sie für Anfragen zu Vorausrechnungen bitte eine E-Mail an unsere Buchhaltungsabteilung und geben Sie dabei die von Ihrem SGS Beta-Account-Manager bereitgestellte Kostenvoranschlagsnummer, sowie alle Anmerkungen an, die in der Rechnung enthalten sein müssen. Wichtig: Sobald die Gelder eingezahlt wurden, sind KEINE Rückerstattungen mehr zulässig. Die Mittel können nur für zukünftige Analysen zu den zuletzt veröffentlichten Preisen verwendet werden.
### **HAFTUNGSBESCHRÄNKUNG**
Der Kunde erkennt an und stimmt zu, dass die Rolle von SGS Beta bei der Bereitstellung von Dienstleistungen lediglich darin besteht, Materialproben zu analysieren und einen Bericht mit den detaillierten Ergebnissen von SGS Beta herauszugeben. Bitte lesen Sie hier unsere vollständigen Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Mai 2025
---
### [Condiciones de pago de SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/condiciones-de-pago-de-sgs-beta.html)
**Published:** August 5, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
**PRESUPUESTO** — Por favor, complete este [formulario](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) indicando el número de muestras, los servicios solicitados y la dirección de facturación de la institución responsable del pago. Un gerente de cuentas se pondrá en contacto con usted en un plazo máximo de 24 horas (excepto fines de semana).
**CONTACTO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CONTABILIDAD** — Si tiene alguna duda sobre facturas, pagos u órdenes de compra, no dude en contactarnos:
Correo electrónico: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Teléfono: (+1) 305-396-6144
Horario de atención: lunes a viernes, de 8:00 a 17:00 (hora estándar del Este, EE. UU.)
FORMAS DE PAGO RECOMENDADAS** — Transferencia bancaria y tarjeta de crédito
SOBRE NUESTRAS FACTURAS** — Las facturas se generan el siguiente día hábil tras el registro de las muestras en el laboratorio. Se enviarán a la dirección de correo electrónico indicada en la sección “Opciones de Pago” del formulario de envío en línea, salvo que se indique lo contrario por escrito.
La factura por correo incluirá un archivo PDF con nuestros datos bancarios y un enlace seguro de pago. Busque el botón azul “*View/Pay Invoice*”. Al hacer clic, seleccione el botón verde “*Pay Invoice*”, elija un método de pago en el menú desplegable y complete los datos requeridos, incluyendo una dirección de correo electrónico para recibir el comprobante. Recibirá una confirmación por correo electrónico por cada pago procesado con éxito.
**ÓRDENES DE COMPRA (OC)** — Una orden de compra (OC) es un documento emitido por su Departamento de Contabilidad confirmando que el pedido ha sido aprobado y registrado para su pago. Disponer de una OC puede agilizar la entrega de resultados. Para confirmar sus condiciones de pago (Net 15, Net 30, etc.), contacte con nuestro Departamento de Contabilidad. Las condiciones deben ser acordadas por ambas partes.
SGS Beta solo acepta órdenes de compra en formato PDF que cumplan con los siguientes requisitos:
- Ser legibles y estar impresas en papel membretado oficial de la institución, entidad gubernamental o empresa
- Incluir el número de OC y la fecha de aprobación por el área contable o la autoridad responsable
- Reflejar las condiciones de pago acordadas por ambas partes
- Indicar la dirección física, el correo electrónico y los datos de contacto principales del Departamento de Contabilidad o Cuentas por Pagar (nombre y teléfono)
- Especificar la dirección física y el correo electrónico a los que debe enviarse la factura, junto con cualquier instrucción adicional para facilitar el pago oportuno
- Estar firmadas y/o selladas por una persona autorizada
- Incluir correctamente los datos del laboratorio:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
Estados Unidos
Teléfono: (+1) 305-396-6144
Correo electrónico: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Además, la orden de compra debe indicar:**
- Los análisis requeridos y los plazos de entrega seleccionados
- Número de muestras
- Precio por muestra y monto total a pagar a SGS Beta, incluyendo la moneda de la factura
Si ha recibido un presupuesto por parte de un gestor de cuenta de SGS Beta, incluya el número de presupuesto en la OC.
**FACTURA ANTICIPADA/PROFORMA** — Si necesita una factura anticipada, escriba a nuestro Departamento de Contabilidad e incluya el número de presupuesto proporcionado por su gestor de cuenta, así como cualquier nota adicional que deba reflejarse en la factura. Importante: NO se realizan reembolsos una vez recibido el pago. Los fondos podrán utilizarse únicamente para futuros análisis conforme a las tarifas vigentes publicadas.
### **Limitación de responsabilidad**
El cliente reconoce y acepta que la función de SGS Beta se limita al análisis de las muestras enviadas y a la emisión de un informe con los resultados obtenidos. Le recomendamos leer nuestros Términos y Condiciones completos aquí: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Última actualización de la página: mayo de 2025
---
### [Termini di pagamento di SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/termini-pagamento.html)
**Published:** July 22, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
PREVENTIVI** — Per ricevere un preventivo, compila questo [modulo](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) specificando il numero di campioni, i servizi richiesti e l’indirizzo di fatturazione dell’istituto che effettuerà il pagamento. Un account manager ti contatterà entro 24 ore, esclusi i fine settimana.
CONTATTI DELL’UFFICIO AMMINISTRATIVO** — Per domande su fatture, pagamenti o ordini di acquisto (PO), contattaci:
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Numero di telefono: (+1) 305-396-6144
Orari d’ufficio: 8 – 17 EST (lunedì-venerdì)
METODI DI PAGAMENTO CONSIGLIATI** — Bonifico bancario e carta di credito
**LE NOSTRE EMAIL DI FATTURAZIONE** — Le nostre fatture vengono generate il giorno lavorativo successivo alla registrazione dei campioni in laboratorio. Salvo indicazioni diverse, la fattura verrà inviata all’indirizzo email indicato nella sezione “Opzioni di pagamento” del modulo online.
L’email includerà un allegato in formato PDF con i nostri dati bancari e un link per il pagamento sicuro: cerca il pulsante blu “View/Pay Invoice”. Una volta aperto il link, fai clic sul pulsante verde “Pay Invoice”, scegli un metodo di pagamento dal menù a tendina e fornisci i dati richiesti, come l’indirizzo email a cui inviare la ricevuta. Riceverai una conferma via email per ogni pagamento andato a buon fine.
ORDINI DI ACQUISTO** — L’ordine d’acquisto o buono d’ordine è un documento emesso dall’ufficio contabilità dell’ente che effettua il pagamento, che indica che l’ordine è stato creato e approvato per il pagamento. L’invio di un ordine d’acquisto può accelerare il processo di consegna dei risultati. Contatta il nostro ufficio contabilità per confermare i termini di pagamento (15 giorni data fattura, 30 giorni data fattura, ecc.). I termini devono essere accettati da entrambe le parti.
SGS Beta accetta solo ordini d’acquisto in formato PDF e che:
- siano leggibili e stampati su carta intestata ufficiale dell’istituto o della società;
- riportino un numero di ordine e una data di approvazione da parte dell’ufficio contabilità o dell’autorità competente;
- includano i termini di pagamento concordati;
- riportino l’indirizzo fisico e l’email dell’istituto o azienda, nonché le informazioni di contatto principali dell’ufficio contabilità (nome e numero di telefono);
- includano sia l’indirizzo a cui intestare la fattura e l’indirizzo email a cui inviarla, sia eventuali istruzioni speciali necessarie per l’invio delle fatture in modo che il pagamento possa essere effettuato prontamente;
- siano firmati e/o timbrati da una persona autorizzata.
- Il nome e l’indirizzo del nostro laboratorio devono essere i seguenti:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
Stati Uniti
Tel: (+1) 305-396-6144
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
L’OdA deve indicare inoltre:**
- i test specifici da eseguire con relativi tempi di consegna;
- il numero di campioni;
- il prezzo per campione e l’importo totale dovuto a SGS Beta con la valuta utilizzata per la fattura.
Se hai ricevuto un preventivo da un account manager di SGS Beta, includi il numero di preventivo nell’ordine di acquisto.
FATTURAZIONE ANTICIPATA** — Invia un’email al nostro ufficio contabilità per richiedere una fattura anticipata, includendo il numero di preventivo fornito dal tuo account manager di SGS Beta ed eventuali diciture o note da includere in fattura. Nota: non sono ammessi rimborsi una volta effettuato il pagamento. I fondi possono essere utilizzati solo per analisi future, alla tariffa in vigore al momento dell’arrivo dei campioni in laboratorio.
### **Limitazione di responsabilità**
Il cliente riconosce e concorda che il ruolo di SGS Beta nella fornitura dei servizi è semplicemente quello di analizzare i campioni di materiale e di emettere un rapporto che illustri i risultati di SGS Beta. Leggi qui i nostri Termini e Condizioni: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Ultimo aggiornamento: maggio 2025
---
### [Termos de pagamento do SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/termos-de-pagamento.html)
**Published:** July 15, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
COTAÇÃO** — preencha este [formulário](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) para informar a quantidade de amostras, os serviços solicitados e o endereço de cobrança da instituição pagadora. Um gerente de contas entrará em contato dentro de 24 horas, exceto nos fins de semana.
CONTATO DO DEPARTAMENTO DE CONTABILIDADE** — se tiver alguma dúvida sobre faturas, pagamentos, ordens de serviço ou notas de encomenda, contate-nos:
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Telefone: (+1) 305-396-6144
Horário de atendimento: 8:00-17:00 PM EST (segunda a sexta-feira)
MÉTODOS DE PAGAMENTO RECOMENDADOS** — transferência bancária ou cartão de crédito
SOBRE NOSSOS EMAILS DE FATURAMENTO** — as faturas são geradas no dia útil seguinte ao registro da amostra recebida no laboratório. Elas são enviadas para o email indicado nas opções de pagamento do formulário de dados de amostras, a menos que recebamos outras instruções por escrito.
A fatura enviada por email incluirá um anexo em PDF com nossos dados bancários, bem como um link de pagamento seguro – procure o botão azul “View/Pay Invoice” (visualizar/pagar fatura). Ao acessar o link, clique no botão verde “Pay Invoice” (pagar fatura), escolha seu método de pagamento no menu suspenso e preencha outros dados necessários, como um endereço de email para onde enviar o recibo. Por cada pagamento efetuado é encaminhado um recibo por email.
ORDENS DE SERVIÇO/NOTAS DE ENCOMENDA (OS/NE)** — uma OS ou NE é um documento fornecido pelo departamento de contabilidade de sua instituição que indica que seu pedido foi aceito e registrado para pagamento. Uma OS ou NE pode acelerar o processo de publicação do laudo de resultados. Contate o nosso departamento de contabilidade para confirmar seus termos de pagamento (15 dias, 30 dias, etc). Os termos devem ser acordados por ambas as partes.
O SGS Beta apenas aceita OSs e NEs em formato de arquivo PDF e que:
- Sejam legíveis e impressos em papel timbrado oficial da instituição, do governo ou da empresa, ou timbre equivalente;
- Possuam número de OS/NE e data de aprovação por seu departamento de contabilidade ou autoridade;
- Incluam os termos de pagamento acordados por ambas as partes;
- Indiquem seu endereço de correspondência e email, assim como as informações primárias de contato do seu departamento de contas a pagar ou de contabilidade (nome do contato e número de telefone);
- Incluam o endereço físico e o email para onde deve-se enviar a fatura, e quaisquer instruções especiais necessárias para o envio de faturas para pagamento imediato;
- Sejam assinadas e/ou carimbadas por um aprovador autorizado;
- O nome e o endereço do nosso laboratório devem aparecer da seguinte forma:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
United States
Tel: (+1) 305-396-6144
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
A OS/NE também deve indicar:**
- As análises e prazos de entrega específicos a serem realizados;
- A quantidade de amostras;
- O preço por amostra e o valor total devido ao SGS Beta, na moeda da fatura.
Se tem uma cotação emitida por um gerente de contas do SGS Beta, inclua o número da cotação na OS/NE.
FATURAS OU PRÓ-FORMAS ADIANTADAS** — envie um email ao nosso departamento de contabilidade para solicitar uma fatura adiantada. Informe o número da cotação emitida pelo seu gerente de contas do SGS Beta, além de quaisquer outras informações que devam constar na fatura. Observação: NÃO são permitidos reembolsos após o depósito dos fundos. Os fundos só podem ser usados para análises futuras, com o preço vigente no momento do recebimento da(s) amostra(s).
### **Limitação de responsabilidade**
O Cliente reconhece e concorda que o papel do SGS Beta no fornecimento dos Serviços é meramente analisar a(s) Amostra(s) de Material e emitir um Laudo que detalha as descobertas do SGS Beta. Leia nossos Termos e Condições completos aqui: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Última atualização: maio de 2025
---
### [Conditions de paiement de SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/conditions-de-paiement.html)
**Published:** July 15, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
DEVIS** — Veuillez remplir ce [formulaire](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) et nous indiquer le nombre d’échantillons, les services demandés et l’adresse de facturation de l’établissement payeur. Un conseiller vous contactera dans les 24 heures, sauf le week-end.
CONTACT DU SERVICE COMPTABILITÉ** — Si vous avez des questions concernant vos factures, vos paiements ou vos bons de commande, veuillez nous contacter à l’adresse suivante :
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Numéro de téléphone: (+1) 305-396-6144
Heures d’ouverture : 8h00-17h00 EST (lundi-vendredi)
MODES DE PAIEMENT RECOMMANDÉS** — Virement bancaire et carte bancaire
**A PROPOS DE NOS E-MAILS DE FACTURATION** — Nos factures sont générées le jour ouvré suivant l’enregistrement des échantillons au laboratoire. Nous les enverrons à l’adresse indiquée dans la section “Options de paiement” du formulaire en ligne, sauf si nous recevons d’autres instructions par écrit.
La facture envoyée par e-mail comprendra une pièce jointe au format PDF avec nos coordonnées bancaires ainsi qu’un lien de paiement sécurisé – recherchez le bouton bleu « View/Pay Invoice » (Voir/Payer la facture). Une fois ouvert, cliquez sur le bouton vert « Pay Invoice » (Payer la facture), choisissez un mode de paiement dans le menu déroulant et fournissez les autres données requises, y compris l’adresse mail à laquelle le reçu sera envoyé. Vous recevrez un reçu par e-mail pour chaque paiement effectué.
**BONS DE COMMANDE (PO)** — Un bon de commande est un document fourni par votre service de comptabilité indiquant que la commande a été acceptée et enregistrée pour paiement. Fournir un bon de commande peut accélérer le partage des résultats. Contactez notre service de comptabilité pour confirmer vos modalités de paiement (net 15 jours, net 30 jours, etc.). Les modalités doivent être acceptées par les deux parties.
SGS Beta n’accepte que les bons de commande au format PDF qui doivent :
- être lisibles et imprimés sur le papier à en-tête officiel de l’institution, du gouvernement ou de l’entreprise ou sur un papier à en-tête équivalent ;
- avoir un numéro de bon de commande et une date d’approbation par votre service ou autorité comptable ;
- inclure les modalités de paiement convenues par les deux parties ;
- indiquer votre adresse postale et votre adresse mail ainsi que les coordonnées principales de votre service des comptes fournisseurs ou de la comptabilité (nom et numéro de téléphone du contact) ;
- inclure l’adresse physique et l’adresse e-mail à laquelle envoyer la facture ET toutes les instructions spéciales nécessaires pour envoyer les factures pour un paiement rapide ;
- être signé et/ou tamponné par un approbateur autorisé ;
- Le nom et l’adresse de notre laboratoire doivent apparaître comme suit :
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
United States
Tel: (+1) 305-396-6144
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
**Le bon de commande doit également inclure :**
- les analyses spécifiques à effectuer avec les délais de livraison ;
- le nombre d’échantillons ;
- le prix par échantillon et le montant total dû à SGS Beta avec la devise de la facture.
Si vous avez reçu un devis d’un gestionnaire de compte SGS Beta, veuillez indiquer le numéro de devis sur le bon de commande.
FACTURE EN AVANCE/PROFORMA** — Veuillez envoyer un e-mail à notre service de comptabilité pour les demandes de facture en avance, en incluant le numéro de devis fourni par votre conseiller SGS Beta et toute information devant figurer sur la facture. Rappel : Les remboursements ne sont PAS autorisés une fois que les fonds ont été déposés. Le crédit peut uniquement être utilisé pour des analyses futures aux prix en vigueur au moment de la soumission.
### **Limitation de la responsabilité**
Le Client reconnaît et accepte que le rôle de SGS Beta dans la fourniture de services consiste uniquement à analyser des échantillons et à communiquer un rapport détaillant les conclusions de SGS Beta. Veuillez lire l’intégralité de nos conditions générales ici: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Dernière mise à jour de la page: mai 2025
---
### [SGS Beta's Payment Terms](https://www.betalabservices.com/payment-terms.html)
**Published:** September 2, 2022
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
**QUOTATION** — Please fill out this [form](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) and let us know the number of samples, services requested, and billing address of the paying institution. An account manager will contact you within 24 hours, except weekends.
**ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT CONTACT** — If you have any questions on your invoices, payments or purchase orders, please contact us at:
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Phone number: (+1) 305-396-6144
Business hours: 8 AM-5 PM EST (Monday-Friday)
**RECOMMENDED PAYMENT METHODS** — Wire transfer and credit card
**ABOUT OUR INVOICE EMAILS** — Our invoices are generated the next working day after samples are logged at the lab. We will send them to the address indicated on the online submission form’s Payment Options section, unless we receive other instructions in writing.
The emailed invoice will include a PDF attachment with our bank information as well as a secure payment link – look for the “View/Pay Invoice” blue button. Once opened, click the green “Pay Invoice” button, choose a payment method from a dropdown menu and provide other required data, including an email address where the receipt will be sent. You will receive an email receipt for every successful payment.
**PURCHASE ORDERS (PO)** — A PO is a document provided by your Accounting Department indicating that your order has been accepted and registered for payment. Having a PO may speed up the process of reporting the results. Contact our Accounting Department to confirm your payment terms with us (Net 15, Net 30, etc.). Terms must be agreed by both parties.
SGS Beta will only accept Purchase Orders in PDF file format and:
- Legible and printed on the official institution, governmental or company letterhead or equivalent stationery;
- Have a PO number and date of approval by your Accounting Department or authority;
- Include the Payment Terms agreed by both parties;
- Indicate your mailing address and email as well as the primary contact information of your Accounts Payable or Accounting Department (contact name and phone number);
- Include the physical address and email to which to send the invoice AND any special instructions needed for submitting invoices for prompt payment;
- Signed and/or stamped by an authorized approver;
- Our laboratory’s name and address should appear as follows:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
United States
Tel: (+1) 305-396-6144
Email: <billing@betalabservices.com>
**The PO should also indicate:**
- Specific tests to be performed with the delivery times;
- Number of samples;
- Price per sample and total amount due to SGS Beta with the currency of the invoice.
If you received an estimate from an SGS Beta account manager, please include the Estimate Number on the PO.
**ADVANCED INVOICE/PROFORMA** — Please email our Accounting Department for advanced invoice requests, including the estimate number provided by your SGS Beta Account Manager and any notes that need to be included on the invoice. Reminder: Refunds are NOT permitted once the funds are deposited. Funds can only be used for future analyses at the latest published prices.
### Limitation of Liability
Client acknowledges and agrees that SGS Beta’s role in furnishing Services is merely to analyze Material Sample(s) and issue a Report detailing SGS Beta’s findings. Please read our full Terms & Conditions here: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
---
Page last updated: May 2025
---
### [Condiciones de pago de SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/condiciones-de-pago.html)
**Published:** August 6, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
PRESUPUESTO** — Por favor, complete este [formulario](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html) indicando el número de muestras, los servicios requeridos y la dirección de facturación de la institución pagadora. Un gerente de cuentas se pondrá en contacto con usted en un plazo máximo de 24 horas (excepto fines de semana).
CONTACTO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CONTABILIDAD** — Si tiene alguna duda sobre facturas, pagos u órdenes de compra, no dude en contactarnos:
Correo electrónico: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Teléfono: (+1) 305-396-6144
Horario de atención: lunes a viernes, de 8:00 a 17:00 (hora estándar del Este, EE. UU.)
FORMAS DE PAGO RECOMENDADAS** — Transferencia bancaria y tarjeta de crédito
SOBRE NUESTRAS FACTURAS** — Las facturas se generan el siguiente día hábil tras el registro de las muestras en el laboratorio. Se enviarán a la dirección de correo electrónico indicada en la sección “Opciones de Pago” del formulario de envío en línea, salvo que se indique lo contrario por escrito.
La factura por correo incluirá un archivo PDF con nuestros datos bancarios y un enlace seguro de pago. Busque el botón azul “*View/Pay Invoice*”. Al hacer clic, seleccione el botón verde “*Pay Invoice*”, elija un método de pago en el menú desplegable y complete los datos requeridos, incluyendo una dirección de correo electrónico para recibir el comprobante. Recibirá una confirmación por correo electrónico por cada pago procesado con éxito.
ÓRDENES DE COMPRA (OC)** — Una orden de compra (OC) es un documento emitido por su Departamento de Contabilidad que confirma que el pedido ha sido aprobado y registrado para su pago. Disponer de una OC puede agilizar la entrega de resultados. Para confirmar sus condiciones de pago (Net 15, Net 30, etc.), contacte con nuestro Departamento de Contabilidad. Las condiciones deben ser acordadas por ambas partes.
SGS Beta solo acepta órdenes de compra en formato PDF que cumplan con los siguientes requisitos:
- Ser legibles y estar impresas en papel membretado oficial de la institución, entidad gubernamental o empresa
- Incluir el número de OC y la fecha de aprobación por el área contable o la autoridad responsable
- Reflejar las condiciones de pago acordadas por ambas partes
- Indicar la dirección física, el correo electrónico y los datos de contacto principales del Departamento de Contabilidad o Cuentas por Pagar (nombre y teléfono)
- Especificar la dirección física y el correo electrónico a los que debe enviarse la factura, junto con cualquier instrucción adicional para facilitar el pago oportuno
- Estar firmadas y/o selladas por una persona autorizada
- Incluir correctamente los datos del laboratorio:
Beta Analytic LLC
4985 SW 74th Court
Miami, Florida 33155
Estados Unidos
Teléfono: (+1) 305-396-6144
Correo electrónico: <billing@betalabservices.com>
Además, la orden de compra debe indicar:**
- Los análisis requeridos y los plazos de entrega seleccionados
- Número de muestras
- Precio por muestra y monto total a pagar a SGS Beta, incluyendo la moneda de la factura
Si ha recibido un presupuesto por parte de un gestor de cuenta de SGS Beta, incluya el número de presupuesto en la OC.
FACTURA ANTICIPADA/PROFORMA** — Si necesita una factura anticipada, escriba a nuestro Departamento de Contabilidad e incluya el número de presupuesto proporcionado por su gestor de cuenta, así como cualquier nota adicional que deba reflejarse en la factura. Importante: NO se realizan reembolsos una vez recibido el pago. Los fondos podrán utilizarse únicamente para futuros análisis, aplicando las tarifas publicadas vigentes.
### **Limitación de responsabilidad**
El cliente reconoce y acepta que la función de SGS Beta se limita al análisis de las muestras enviadas y a la emisión de un informe con los resultados obtenidos. Le recomendamos leer nuestros Términos y Condiciones completos aquí: <https://www.betalabservices.com/tc.pdf>
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Última actualización de la página: Mayo de 2025
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### [Why test your Fuel Gas?](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons/regulations.html)
**Published:** September 14, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Radiocarbon analysis can be used in an effort to understand methane point emissions, incentivize the use of renewable natural gas (RNG) to produce net zero carbon pathways, and quantify biogenic content of mixed gases from various “fossil” and “modern” carbon sources.2-4 The co-processing of fossil fuel methane from biogas has also created synergistic opportunities in blue hydrogen technologies that incorporate strategies to decarbonize natural gas and use hydrogen gas as a clean fuel using current refinery infrastructure. Other strategies identify carbon intensity (CI) in co-processed gases of propane and butane chemical intermediates generated in refinery production.
## U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Renewable Fuels Standards Rule for 2023, 2024 and 2025 includes testing requirements for [biogas and renewable natural gas (RNG)](https://www.betalabservices.com/rfs-biogenic-content-testing-biogas/) seeking to generate renewable identification numbers (RINs) under the program. The program requires that any fuels produced from biogas and RNG must submit [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) test results to generate RINs.
All three-year engineering reviews of facilities upgrading biogas to RNG will be required to provide certificates of analysis (COAs) from an independent laboratory for their biogas at the digester or landfill, their RNG prior to the addition of any non-renewable components, and their RNG after it is blended with non-renewable components. Out of consideration for a timely registration process, RNG producers will be required to submit these COAs at their engineering reviews, rather than upon registration.
The rule also specifically requires ASTM D6866 as one of the standards that “must be used when measuring biogas properties,” and includes stringent recordkeeping requirements for biogas and RNG biogenic content measurements, which must be reviewed by third-party auditors under the RFS Quality Assurance Plan. The section of the Set rule focused on new biogas and RNG testing concludes, “that this requirement is necessary to ensure that RINs are only generated from renewable biomass.”
## Canada’s Clean Fuel Regulations
The Canadian Ministry of Environment and Climate Change published a Quantification Method (QM) for co-processing in refineries under the [Clean Fuel Regulations](https://www.betalabservices.com/canada-clean-fuel-regulations-biogenic-testing/). The QM requires ASTM D6866 testing to measure the biogenic content of the co-processed feedstocks used and the low-CI fuels produced in registered projects.
In order to obtain credits for the production of low CI fuels under a co-processing CO₂ Emissions Reduction project, they are required to measure the biogenic content of samples from each fuel, product, and hydrocarbon co-product via ASTM D6866 testing.
## Renewable Energy Directive (RED) II
In June 2023, the European Commission adopted a revised methodology for calculating the biogenic content of biofuels and biogas under the [Renewable Energy Directive (RED).](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/regulations.html) Biogas producers whose products are co-processed have the choice to demonstrate compliance by either directly testing biogenic content via the carbon-14 method or through mass balance calculations based on the feedstocks used.
**References:**
1\. Lan, X.; Tans, P.; Sweeney, C.; Andrews, A.; Dlugokencky, E.; Schwietzke, S.; Kofler, J.; McKain, K.; Thoning, K.; Crotwell, M.; Montzka, S.; Miller, B.; and Biraud, S.; “Long-Term Measurements Show Little Evidence for Large Increases in Total U.S. Methane Emissions Over the Past Decade,” *Geophysical Research Letter*, **2019**, *46*, 4991-4999.
2\. Kerfoot, H. B.; Hagedorn, B.; and Verwiel, M., “Evaluation of the age of landfill gas methane in landfill gas-natural gas mixtures using co-occurring constituents,” *Environ. Sci. Processes Impacts*, **2013**, *15*, 1153-1161.
3\. Epsic, C.; Liechti, M.; Battaglia, M.; Paul, D.; Rockmann, T.; and Szidat, S., “Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis of Atmospheric Methane: A New Preconcentration and Purification Setup,” *Radiocarbon*, **2019***, 61*(5), 1461-1476. doi:10.1017/RDC.2019.76.
4\. Joung, D.; Leonte, M.; and Kessler, J.D., “Methane Sources in the Waters of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior as Revealed by Natural Radiocarbon Measurements,” *Geophysical Research Letters*, **2019**, 4*6*, 5436-5444.
Page last updated: September 2023
---
### [바이오 플라스틱의 세계](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/bioplastics.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 바이오 플라스틱의 사용은 여러 나라, 특히 유럽에서 점차적으로 증가하고 있습니다.
- 바이오 플라스틱은 생분해성이 아닙니다. (생분해성과 관련이 없습니다. )
- ASTM D6866 실험은 재생 가능한 원료로 만든 바이오 플라스틱에서 바이오 매스 함량을 정확한 %로 보여줍니다.
바이오 플라스틱 제품은 비슷한 석유 화학 제품과 성질이 다르며, 생산도 쉽지 않지만 점차 사용이 늘고 있으며, 특히 유럽에서는 급격히 늘어나고 있습니다.
바이오 플라스틱 혹은 “유기 플라스틱”은 포장재, 일회용 용기, 쓰레기 봉투, 생분해성 필름 분야 등에서 흔히 많이 사용합니다. 의학 분야에서 재흡수 유기 플라스틱으로도 사용됩니다. 바이오 플라스틱은 수증기 투과성이 있지만 방수 기능이 있어서 위생 용품에서도 많이 사용되고 있습니다. 또한 정전기가 거의 없기 때문에 전자 제품, 레저 상품, 자동차 산업에서도 점차 사용이 늘고 있습니다.
## 바이오 플라스틱에서의 ASTM D6866
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products") 실험을 통해서 바이오 플라스틱 제품에서 재생 가능 원료 (예를 들자면 식물)에서 온 바이오 매스 함량을 정확한 %로 알 수 있습니다. ASTM D6866은 바이오 매스 물질의 방사성탄소 (탄소 14)의 함량을 측정하는 것입니다. ; 화석 물질에는 방사성탄소가 더 이상 존재하지 않기 때문에 ASTM D6866 실험을 통해서 바이오 매스 함량을 정확하게 측정 가능합니다.
ASTM D6866 실험 결과의 예:
제품 A – 석유로 만든 폴리에틸렌으로 만든 플라스틱 백
제품 A의 바이오 매스 함량 = 0%
제품 B – 바이오 매스 물질의 폴리에틸렌으로 만든 플라스틱 백
제품B의 바이오 매스 함량 = 100%
## 바이오 플라스틱 대 석유 화학 플라스틱
유럽 바이오 플라스틱 ([European Bioplastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/regulatory-bodies.html#European))에 따르면, “석유 계열의 플라스틱과 바이오 플라스틱을 직접 비교는 적절하지 않다고 합니다. 왜냐하면 석유 계열 플라스틱은 이미 시장에서 많이 쓰이고 있는 성숙된 산업인 반면에 바이오 플라스틱은 이제 막 개발 단계에 있기 때문입니다.
실제로 바이오 플라스틱이 석유 계열의 플라스틱보다 환경적으로나 경제적으로 훨씬 유리한 것인가 하는 문제를 생각해 봐야 합니다. 비록 여러 전과정 평가 시스템 (Life Cycle Assessment) 연구들이 진행되어 바이오 플라스틱 제품이 화석 연료 에너지를 적게 사용하고 이산화탄소 배출을 적게 한다는 하지만, 아직도 바이오 플라스틱이 더 친환경적 해결책이라고 단언할 수는 없습니다.”
경제적 관점으로 본다면, 유럽의 바이오 플라스틱 제품은 수입 의존도를 줄여주며, 일거리 창출과 수출 기회를 증진시켜줄 수 있습니다.
## 바이오 플라스틱이란?
유럽 바이오 플라스틱 (European Bioplastics)에 따르면 어떤 플라스틱이 바이오 플라스틱인지 아닌지 판단하려면 두 가지 요소를 고려해야 한다고 합니다. – 퇴비화와 원재료.
바이오 플라스틱은 (1) 재생 원료와 화석 원료가 섞이거나 (2) 재생 원료 만을 기반으로 하는 확실히 퇴비가 되는 플라스틱을 말합니다.
퇴비가 되는 플라스틱에 대해서는 유럽에서는 EN 13432나 EN 14995, 미국에서는 ASTM D6400, 그 이외의 나라에서는 ISO 17088의 기준에 따라 인증을 받아야만 합니다. 유럽에서 퇴비화 플라스틱으로 만든 제품에는 보통 “seedling” 로고를 붙입니다.
설탕, 녹말, 식물 기름, 셀룰로즈로 만든 플라스틱은 바이오 플라스틱입니다. 지금 시중에서 파는 대부분의 바이오 플라스틱은 옥수수, 감자, 곡물류, 사탕수수, 나무를 주 원료로 사용합니다.
## 과연 바이오 플라스틱은 생분해가 되는가?
바이오 플라스틱/바이오 폴리머라 해서 모두 생분해되는 것은 아닙니다. 생분해 정도는 물질의 분자 구조에 달려있는 것이지 재료에 달려 있는 것은 아닙니다.
바이오 플라스틱이라는 말과 생분해성이라는 말이 서로 어떤 연관성을 가지고 있을 수는 있지만 절대 동의어는 아니며, 서로 교환해서 사용할 수 있는 용어가 아닙니다. 따라서 바이오 플라스틱 물질이란 식물이나 동물에서 온 것을 말하며, 반드시 생분해성이 있다 없다 말할 수는 없습니다. 일반 환경에서 미생물들이 분해해서 식용으로 쓰인다면 그 물질은 생분해성이 있다는 것입니다.
실제로 일부 셀룰로즈는 생분해가 안되며 어떤 셀룰로즈는 비록 석유 물질에서 왔지만 생분해가 됩니다. 요즘 종이처럼 생분해가 되는 합성 플라스틱이 개발되어 있습니다. 또한 바이오 플라스틱 물질이지만 생분해가 아닌s Braskem’s bio-polyethylene 라는 플라스틱도 있습니다.
## 바이오 플라스틱 대 바이오 연료 대 식량
유럽 바이오 플라스틱 (The European Bioplastics)은 주장하기를 바이오 플라스틱은 식량 공급이나 식량 가능성에 전혀 영향을 끼치지 않으며, 지속 가능한 개발에 위협 요소로 여겨져서는 안 된다고 합니다. 바이오 연료와는 달리 바이오 플라스틱의 부피는 상대적으로 적으며, 바이오 플라스틱 산업의 공급에 필요한 재배 지역은 상당히 적습니다.
더군다나 바이오 플라스틱 산업은 식량으로 사용할 수 없는 농산물 잔여물이나 찌꺼기를 사용하려는 노력을 엄청 기울입니다. 감자 껍질처럼 먹을 수 없으며, 버려야 하는 쓰레기를 사용하는 바이오 플라스틱 물질도 있습니다.
---
### [Biogenic Content Testing under the US EPA Renewable Fuel Standard](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-fuel-standard.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Fuel producers accumulate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) to comply with their Renewable Volume Obligations.
- Renewable fuel producers with municipal solid waste (MSW) as feedstock may use ASTM D6866 testing to measure the RIN-generating fraction of their fuels.
- Exporters also use ASTM D6866 testing to measure the renewable fuel content of blended fuels.
- RFS 2022 includes regulations for the use of biointermediates to produce qualifying renewable fuel.
- The renewable content testing standard was updated from ASTM D6866-08 to ASTM D6866-22.
## Biogenic Content Testing for Partially Renewable Fuel
Under its Renewable Fuel Standard Program, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) allows fuel producers using separated [municipal solid waste (MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html) as feedstock to generate Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) that they use to demonstrate compliance with their Renewable Volume Obligations.
Separated MSW is described in the RFS as “material remaining after separation actions have been taken to remove recyclable paper, cardboard, plastics, rubber, textiles, metals, and glass from municipal solid waste, and which is composed of both cellulosic and non-cellulosic materials.”
Under the RFS, the biogenic fraction of the MSW-derived renewable fuel, as determined by [ASTM D6866 testing,](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html) qualifies for RINs having a D-code of 3. The calculation of the renewable fraction of the fuel is based on ASTM D6866 test results for every batch of fuel produced. Alternatively, testing is done on a composite sample obtained from different batches produced over a period not to exceed one calendar month.
The resulting biogenic fraction of the composite sample will be deemed cellulosic biofuel and applied to all batches of fuel produced in the next month to determine the appropriate number of RINs that must be generated. The fuel producer is required to recalculate this fraction at least monthly. For the first month, the fuel producer can estimate the non-fossil fraction and then make corrections as needed in the second month.
The procedure using the ASTM D6866 method applies not only to MSW-derived fuel but also to all partially renewable transportation fuels produced by the simultaneous co-processing of renewable biomass (as defined in the RFS) and non-renewable feedstock. ASTM D6866 testing is required under Method B, which is used to calculate the number of gallon-RINs generated for a batch of partially renewable fuel.
Sources: Pages 14706 and 14876 of the [RFS2 (PDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/351126309-US-EPA-RFS2.pdf) published in March 2010
## ASTM D6866 Testing for Blended Fuels
The RFS also contains a provision for exporters of blended fuels (renewable fuel mixed with gasoline or diesel) on how to determine the percentage of renewable fuel in the blend.
According to the US EPA, for renewable fuels that are in the form of a blend with gasoline or diesel at the time of export, the exporter shall determine the volume of exported renewable fuel based on one of the following:
(1) Information from the supplier of the blend of the concentration of renewable fuel in the blend.
(2) Determination of the renewable portion of the blend using Method B or Method C of ASTM D6866 or an alternative test method as approved by the EPA.
(3) Assuming the maximum concentration of the renewable fuel in the blend as allowed by law and/or regulation.
Source: Page 14880 of the [RFS2 (PDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/351126309-US-EPA-RFS2.pdf)
## Biointermediates Allowed in RFS Program
The 2022 RFS update includes a regulatory framework allowing biointermediates to be included in the program while ensuring that environmental and programmatic safeguards are in place. Any feedstock material intended for use to produce renewable fuels must meet all requirements set by the 2022 RFS program to be accepted as a biointermediate. To date, only these materials are eligible – Biocrude, Biodiesel distillate bottoms, Biomass-based sugars, Digestate, Free fatty acid (FFA) feedstock, Glycerin, Soapstock, or Undenatured ethanol.
Under the program, RIN-generating parties must calculate RIN volume for co-processed fuels produced from a biointermediate and calculate the renewable fraction of a fuel using ASTM D6866 Method B (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry). If the renewable content of the co-processed fuel is 10% or greater, the ASTM D6866 Method C standard can be used.
Source: Page 39664 of [RFS FR Doc. 2022–12376 (PDF)](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2022-07-01/pdf/2022-12376.pdf)
2023 UPDATE: The EPA expanded the use of biogas as a biointermediate and RNG as a feedstock.
For more details: [RFS Program Adds Biogenic Content Testing for Biogas and RNG](https://www.betalabservices.com/rfs-biogenic-content-testing-biogas/)
## Renewable Fuel Standard Overview
The RFS program establishes specific volume standards for cellulosic biofuel, biomass-based diesel, advanced biofuel, and total renewable fuel that must be used in transportation fuel each year. The EPA annually calculates the value of the annual standards and publishes these values in the Federal Register.
The program aims to decrease dependence on foreign crude oil imports while increasing domestic sources of energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and diversifying the country’s energy portfolio.
The regulatory requirements apply to domestic and foreign producers/refiners and importers of renewable fuel. Exporters of renewable fuels, whether in its neat form or blended with gasoline or diesel, acquire RINs to comply with their applicable Renewable Volume Obligations. Refiners, importers, and exporters of renewable transportation fuel retire RINs for compliance purposes. RINs have monetary value and are tradable. Parties can buy RINs to meet their obligations or sell their extra RINs.
Source: [US EPA: Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard Program](https://www.epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program "US EPA: Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard Program")
## Beta Analytic’s Rapid ASTM D6866 Testing Services
Based in Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic aims to help renewable fuel producers and exporters in complying with the RFS by providing accurate and precise ASTM D6866 testing. The ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited laboratory provides results in 7 business days or less. Faster services are also available. For inquiries, contact the lab using this [form.](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html)
*Beta Analytic provides ASTM D6866 testing for transportation fuels. The lab is not affiliated with the US EPA or the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Program.*
*Page last updated: August 2023*
---
### [如何收集氣體樣本進行ASTM D6866測試](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459描述了從煙囪收集氣體樣本的正確技術
- 此標準是專門針對[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/biobased/astm-d6866.html)所制定的
- Beta實驗室並未提供ASTM D7459服務
對於煙囪排出物，用於分析的氣體可直接從連續排放監測系統（CEMS）的廢氣中取得，或透過煙囪中的探針獲得。每個CEMS修改的成本僅限於數百美元，包括管道、閥門、氣體流量控制器以及電腦控制。
在設定的時間內（例如2週、1個月）連續收集氣體，並對0.1升至1.0升收集的排出物進行單次測量。測試結果代表了碳中和與溫室二氧化碳排放的真實運作平均值。請將氣體送往碳-14測試實驗室進行分析，最少僅需4個工作天即可完成分析。
有關如何將樣品提交給Beta實驗室進行碳-14分析的詳細訊息，請參閱” [寄送樣品](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "寄送樣品")“的主題。
## ASTM D7459-08氣體採集
ASTM D7459-08涵蓋了收集固定排放源排放的生質衍生碳（生物源）和化石衍生二氧化碳形態的綜合樣本的實施標準。
這項標準規定如何根據ASTM D6866從固定排放源收集氣體樣品，以確定生質衍生碳與總碳（化石衍生碳加生質或生物碳）的比率的具體順序。
氣體被裝置在氣袋中，隨後被運送到他處的放射性碳定年實驗室進行分析。一年中只需要幾個氣袋就可以真實地了解燃燒情況。
**您可以在[ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM")網站上下載此標準。**
## 氣體採樣不屬於Beta實驗室服務的一部分
經ISO/IEC 17025:2017認證的Beta實驗室提供ASTM D6866測試。本公司不處理氣體採樣，並假設提交給其實驗室的樣本已根據ASTM D7459標準正確收集。Beta實驗室的樣品量要求和運輸說明可在[此處](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements")找到。
*頁面最後更新時間：2025 年 3 月*
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### [ASTM D6866試験のための気体サンプル採取方法](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459では排気ガスからの気体サンプルの採取方法に関する適切な方法について説明しています。
- この標準規格は[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)試験のために開発されました。
- ベータ・アナリティック社ではASTM D7459サービスは提供しておりません。
排出ガスに関しては、連続排ガス監視システムの排気管(CEMS)より直接得られる気体サンプルが分析に利用されます。配管、バルブ、ガスフロー制御システム、コンピュータシステムといったCEMS変更に伴う費用はわずか数百ドルです。
気体は必要な期間(例：2週間、1ヶ月)に継続的に採取されます。1回の測定は0.1から1.0リットルの採取排出ガスにより行われます。測定結果はカーボンニュートラルCO2排出量に対する温室効果ガスCO2排出量の真の移動平均により表されます。分析のためのガス試料は炭素14試験所に送付され、最短で4営業日以内に結果がわかります。
ベータ・アナリティック社への炭素１４分析サンプル送付に関する詳細は、[試料の送付](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html)をご参照ください。
## ASTM D7459-08 気体サンプル採取について
ASTM D7459-08は定常燃焼施設から排出される排出ガス中のバイオマス起源CO2の混合率を決定するための試験(ASTM D6866)用に制定されたサンプル採取のための標準規格であり、定常燃焼施設からの気体サンプルの採取方法に関する具体的な手順を説明しています。
**この標準規格は[ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM")**ウェブサイト：英語のみ よりダウンロードすることができます。
## ベータ・アナリティック社では気体サンプルの採取サービスは行っておりません
ベータ・アナリティック社（ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証取得）では、ASTM D6866をご提供しておりますが、気体サンプルの採取サービスはおこなっておりません。 ASTM D6866試験のためのサンプルは ASTM D7459に従って適切に採取される必要があります。 必要サンプル量・送付手順に関する詳細は[こちら](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements")をご参照ください。
*最終更新：2025年3月*
---
### [ASTM D6866 실험을 위한 가스 샘플링 방법](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459 은 공장 굴뚝에서 배출되는 가스 샘플 채집에 관한 방법에 대한 규정입니다.
- 이 표준 방법은 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 테스트를 위해 특별히 개발되었습니다.
- Beta 연구소는 ASTM 7459 서비스는 제공하지 않습니다.
굴뚝에서 배출되는 가스는 연속 배출 모니터링 시스템의 배출기 (the exhaust of continuous emission monitoring systems) (CEMS) 나 굴뚝에 있는 관을 통해 직접 채집합니다. 파이프, 밸브, 가스 조절기, 컴퓨터 조절기와 같은 CEMS을 수정할 때마다 수백 달러의 비용이 드는 만큼 처음에 잘 설치해야 합니다.
정해진 시간에 따라 배출 가스를 연속적으로 채집합니다. (예를 들자면 2주간, 혹은 1달간) 한번 측정할 때마다 0.1리터에서 1.0리터를 채집하며 실험 결과는 배출되는 온실가스인 이산화탄소에서 탄소 중립 이산화탄소의 평균값을 보여줍니다. 가스 시료의 분석을 위해 방사성탄소 **(C14)** 분석 실험실로 보내며, 4 영업일 이내 분석 가능합니다.
방사성탄소 분석을 위해 BETA 연구소로 샘플을 보내는 자세한 방법은 [샘플보내기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html) 을 참조하시기 바랍니다.
## ASTM D7459-08: 가스 샘플링 작업
ASTM D7459-08 은 가스의 배출 장소에서 직접 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 분리된 함량을 알기 위한 샘플링 작업의 표준 실행 방법을 설명해 주고 있습니다.
이 표준 실행 방법은 ASTM D6866 실험 규정에 따라 전체 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소의 비율을 측정하기 위해 가스의 직접 배출 장소에서 가스 샘플을 채집하는 방법에 대한 명확한 절차에 관해 설명해 줍니다.
이 가스를 가스 백에 담아 방사성탄소 연대측정 연구소로 보냅니다. 단지 몇 개의 가스 백만 있어도 1년 동안에 어떤 물질들이 연소되는지 알 수 있습니다.
**자세한 방법은 [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM") 웹사이트에서 다운로드 받으실 수 있습니다.**
## Beta 연구소는 가스 샘플링 서비스를 제공하지 않습니다
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 승인을 받은 Beta 연구소는 단지 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스만 제공하며 가스 샘플링 서비스는 제공하지 않으며, 실험실로 보내주신 샘플은 ASTM D7459에 따라 샘플을 채집했다고 가정합니다. 얼마나 샘플이 필요한지, 그리고 어떻게 실험실로 보내는지에 대한 자세한 설명은 [여기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements") 에서 찾아 보실 수 있습니다.
*관련 자료: 2025년 3월*
---
### [Como coletar amostras de gás para a análise ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- A norma ASTM D7459 descreve a técnica adequada de coleta de amostras de gás de chaminé
- O padrão foi desenvolvido especificamente para a [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
- O Beta Analytic não fornece serviços da ASTM D7459
No que diz respeito aos efluentes de chaminé, o gás para análise é obtido diretamente do escape dos sistemas de monitoramento contínuo de emissões (MCE) ou com uma sonda na chaminé. O custo pela modificação do MCE é limitado a algumas centenas de dólares para tubulações, válvulas, controlador de fluxo de gás e, talvez, controle por computador.
O gás é coletado de forma contínua por um período de interesse (por exemplo, 2 semanas, 1 mês), e uma única medição é feita em 0,1 litro a 1,0 litro de efluente coletado. O resultado representa uma média real do fluxo das emissões de CO2 neutras em carbono com as emissões de CO2 de efeito estufa. O gás é enviado para o **laboratório para a análise por carbono-14**, que pode ser realizada em 4 a 7 dias úteis.
Para obter detalhes sobre como enviar amostras para análise de carbono-14 no Beta Analytic, consulte [Enviar amostras](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/envio-co2-biogenico.html "Enviar amostras").
## Amostragem de gás segundo a ASTM D7459-08
A norma ASTM D7459-08 abrange a prática padrão de coleta de amostras integradas para a especiação do carbono derivado de biomassa (biogênico) e de dióxido de carbono de fontes fósseis emitido por fontes estacionárias de emissões.
A norma determina os procedimentos específicos para coletar amostras de gás de fontes estacionárias de emissão para a determinação da proporção de carbono derivado de biomassa no carbono total (carbono fóssil + de biomassa ou biogênico) de acordo com a norma ASTM D6866.
O gás é capturado em uma bolsa de gás, que é transportada para um laboratório externo de datação por radiocarbono. São necessárias apenas algumas bolsas gás ao longo de um ano para obter um panorama verdadeiro do que foi queimado.
**A norma pode ser descarregada no site da [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM").**
## A amostragem de gás não é parte dos serviços do Beta Analytic
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pela ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e fornece análises segundo a ASTM D6866. A empresa não realiza a amostragem de gás e presume que as amostras enviadas ao laboratório foram devidamente coletadas de acordo com a norma ASTM D7459. Os requisitos de volume de amostra do Beta Analytic e as instruções de envio são encontrados [aqui](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/envio-co2-biogenico.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements").
*Última atualização: março de 2025*
---
### [Come raccogliere campioni di gas per l'analisi con ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- La norma ASTM D7459 definisce la metodica corretta per la raccolta di campioni di gas da camino
- Questa norma è stata sviluppata specificamente per l’analisi co [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic non fornisce servizi di campionamento secondo ASTM D7459
I campioni di gas da camino vengono raccolti direttamente dallo scarico dei sistemi di monitoraggio continuo delle emissioni (CEMS) o tramite una sonda inserita nel camino. Il costo per la modifica del CEMS è limitato a poche centinaia di euro per tubi, valvole, un regolatore di flusso per gas e, in alcuni casi, modifiche al computer.
Il gas viene raccolto in maniera continua per un periodo di tempo di interesse (ad esempio, 2 settimane o 1 mese) e viene effettuata una singola misurazione su una quantità di gas compresa tra 0,1 e 1 litro. Il risultato rappresenta una media mobile delle emissioni di CO2 “carbon-neutral” rispetto a quelle “a effetto serra”. Il gas viene inviato a un **laboratorio di analisi del carbonio-14**, che può effettuare l’analisi anche in soli 4 giorni lavorativi.
Ulteriori informazioni sull’invio dei campioni a Beta Analytic per l’analisi del carbonio-14 sono disponibili nella sezione [Invio campioni](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/co2-biogenico-spedizione.html "Invio campioni").
## Campionamento dei gas con ASTM D7459-08
ASTM D7459-08 illustra le procedure standard per la raccolta di campioni per la determinazione del carbonio derivato da biomassa (biogenico) e da fonti fossili emesso da impianti stazionari.
Questa norma indica come raccogliere campioni di gas da fonti di emissioni stazionarie per la misurazione del rapporto tra carbonio derivato dalla biomassa e carbonio totale (carbonio da fonti fossili più carbonio biogenico), in conformità con ASTM D6866.
Il gas viene raccolto in una sacca che viene poi spedita per l’analisi a un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio. È sufficiente analizzare poche sacche di gas nel corso di un anno per avere un quadro reale del combustibile utilizzato.
**È possibile scaricare una copia della norma dal sito web di [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM").**
## Il campionamento dei gas non rientra tra i servizi di Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 ed effettua analisi in conformità con ASTM D6866. Non offre il servizio di campionamento dei gas e considera i campioni come raccolti correttamente secondo la norma ASTM D7459. I requisiti relativi alle quantità di materiale e le istruzioni per la spedizione a Beta Analytic sono disponibili [qui](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/co2-biogenico-spedizione.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements").
*Ultimo aggiornamento: marzo 2025*
---
### [Comment prélever des échantillons de gaz pour les analyses ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- La norme ASTM D7459 décrit la technique appropriée pour prélever des échantillons de gaz CO2 dans les cheminées.
- Cette norme a été spécifiquement développée pour l’[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic ne fournit pas de services ASTM D7459.
Pour les effluents de cheminée, le gaz à analyser est obtenu directement à partir de l’échappement des systèmes de surveillance continue des émissions (CEMS) ou à l’aide d’une sonde dans la cheminée. Le coût de la modification d’un CEMS se limite à quelques centaines de dollars pour la tuyauterie, les vannes, le contrôleur de débit de gaz et, éventuellement, le contrôle informatique.
Le gaz est prélevé en continu pendant une période donnée (par exemple 2 semaines, 1 mois), et une seule mesure est effectuée sur 0,1 litre à 1,0 litre de CO2 prélevé. Le résultat représente une véritable moyenne des émissions de CO2 neutres en carbone par rapport aux émissions de CO2 à effet de serre. Le CO2 est envoyé à un **laboratoire d’analyse du carbone 14** pour y être analysé, ce qui peut être fait en 4 jours ouvrés seulement.
Pour plus de détails sur la manière de soumettre des échantillons à Beta Analytic pour l’analyse du carbone 14, voir [Envoi d’échantillons](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/envoi-co2-biogenique.html "Envoi d'échantillons").
## Échantillonnage de gaz ASTM D7459-08
La norme ASTM D7459-08 définit la pratique standard pour le prélèvement d’échantillons intégrés en vue de la spéciation du carbone dérivé de la biomasse (biogénique) et du dioxyde de carbone d’origine fossile émis par des sources d’émissions fixes.
Cette norme fournit des procédures spécifiques sur la manière de prélever des échantillons de gaz à partir de sources d’émission fixes pour déterminer le rapport entre le carbone dérivé de la biomasse et le carbone total (carbone dérivé des fossiles plus biomasse ou carbone biogénique) conformément à la norme ASTM D6866.
Le gaz est capturé dans un sac à gaz qui est ensuite envoyé à un laboratoire de datation au radiocarbone pour y être analysé. Seuls quelques sacs de gaz sont nécessaires au cours de l’année pour donner une vrai représentation de ce qui a été brûlé.
**Vous pouvez télécharger la norme sur le site de l’[ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM")**
## L’échantillonnage des gaz ne fait pas partie des services de Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, fournit les analyses ASTM D6866. Nous ne nous occupons pas de l’échantillonnage des gaz et supposons que les échantillons soumis à notre laboratoire ont été correctement prélevés conformément à la norme ASTM D7459. Les exigences en matière de volume d’échantillons et les instructions d’expédition de Beta Analytic se trouvent [ici](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/envoi-co2-biogenique.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements").
*Dernière mise à jour de la page : mars 2025*
---
### [Cómo recolectar muestras de gas para el análisis ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- La norma ASTM D7459 describe la técnica adecuada para recolectar muestras de gas de CO2 emitido por fuentes de emisión estacionarias.
- Esta norma se desarrolló específicamente para el análisis [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
- Nota: Beta Analytic no ofrece servicios de muestreo.
Para analizar los gases emitidos por las chimeneas, se debe tomar la muestra directamente del escape de los sistemas de monitoreo continuo de emisiones (CEMS) o mediante una sonda colocada en la salida del conducto. El costo por modificación del CEMS se limita a unos pocos cientos de dólares para tuberías, válvulas, medidores de flujo de gas y, tal vez, control informático.
El gas se recolecta continuamente durante un periodo de interés (por ejemplo, 2 semanas, 1 mes, etc), y se realiza una única medición en 0.1 a 1.0 litros del efluente recolectado. El resultado representa un promedio móvil de las emisiones de CO2 neutras en carbono frente a las de efecto invernadero. El gas se envía a un **laboratorio de análisis de carbono-14** para su análisis, el cual puede realizarse en tan solo 4 días hábiles.
Para más detalles sobre envío de muestras para análisis de carbono-14 a Beta Analytic, consulte [esta página](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/envio-co2-biogenico.html "esta página").
## Norma ASTM D7459-08 para muestreo de gases
La norma ASTM D7459-08 abarca la práctica estándar para la recolección de muestras para la medición de carbono derivado de biomasa (biogénico) y de combustibles fósiles emitido por fuentes de emisión estacionarias.
Esta norma proporciona procedimientos específicos sobre cómo recolectar muestras de gas de fuentes de emisión estacionarias para la determinación de la fracción de carbono derivado de biomasa del carbono total (carbono derivado de combustibles fósiles más carbono de biomasa o biogénico) de acuerdo con la norma analítica ASTM D6866.
El gas se captura en una bolsa de gas que, posteriormente se transporta a un laboratorio de análisis de carbono-14 para su análisis. Sólo se necesitan unas pocas bolsas de gas a lo largo del año para obtener un panorama real de lo que se ha quemado.
**Puede descargar la norma en el sitio web de la [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM").**
## Beta Analytic no proporciona servicios de muestreo de gases.
Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ofrece análisis de carbono-14 de acuerdo con la norma analítica ASTM D6866. El laboratorio no ofrece servicios de muestreo de gases y asume que las muestras enviadas a su laboratorio se han recolectado correctamente según la norma ASTM D7459. Consulte [aquí](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements") los requisitos de volumen de muestra e instrucciones de envío.
*Última actualización de la página: Marzo de 2025*
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### [Wie man Gasproben für ASTM D6866 Prüfungen sammelt](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd7459-2.html)
**Published:** March 23, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459 beschreibt die richtige Technik zum Sammeln von Gasproben aus Schornsteinen
- Dieser Standard wurde speziell für [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html) entwickelt.
- Beta Analytic bietet keine ASTM D7459-Dienste an
Bei Schornsteinabgasen wird das zu analysierende Gas direkt aus dem Abgas von kontinuierlichen Emissionsüberwachungssystemen (CEMS) oder mit einer Sonde im Schornstein gewonnen. Die Kosten pro CEMS-Modifikation sind auf einige Hundert Euro für Rohrleitungen, Ventile, Gasdurchflussregler und möglicherweise Computersteuerung begrenzt.
Das Gas wird über einen bestimmten Zeitraum (z. B. 2 Wochen, 1 Monat) kontinuierlich gesammelt und es wird eine einzelne Messung an 0,1 bis 1,0 Liter durchgeführt. Das Ergebnis ist ein echter Durchschnitt der kohlenstoffneutralen CO2-Emissionen im Vergleich zu den Treibhausgasemissionen. Das Gas wird zur Analyse an ein **Kohlenstoff-14-Testlabor** geschickt. Die Analyse kann in nur 4 Werktagen durchgeführt werden.
Einzelheiten zum Einreichen von Proben an Beta Analytic zur Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse finden Sie unter [Proben senden](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html "Proben senden").
## ASTM D7459-08 Gasprobenahme
ASTM D7459-08 umfasst das Standardverfahren zum Sammeln integrierter Proben zur Analyse von aus Biomasse gewonnenem Kohlenstoff (biogen) und aus fossilen Brennstoffen stammendem Kohlendioxid aus stationären Emissionsquellen.
Diese Norm enthält spezifische Verfahren zum Sammeln von Gasproben aus stationären Emissionsquellen zur Bestimmung des Verhältnisses von aus Biomasse stammendem Kohlenstoff zum Gesamtkohlenstoff (aus fossilen Quellen stammender Kohlenstoff plus Biomasse oder biogener Kohlenstoff) gemäß ASTM D6866.
Das Gas wird in einem Gasbeutel aufgefangen und später zur Analyse in ein externes Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungslabor transportiert. Es genügen wenige Gasbeutel pro Jahr, um ein genaues Bild der verbrannten Stoffe zu erhalten.
**Sie können den Standard von der [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM")-Website herunterladen.**
## Die Gasproben-Entnahme ist im Leistungsumfang von Beta Analytic nicht enthalten
Beta Analytic ist gemäß ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und wir bieten ASTM D6866-Tests an. Unser Unternehmen befasst sich nicht mit der Entnahme von Gasproben und wir gehen davon aus, dass die an unser Labor übermittelten Proben ordnungsgemäß gemäß ASTM D7459 gesammelt wurden. Beta Analytics Anforderungen an das Probenvolumen und Versandanweisungen finden Sie [hier](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements").
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: März 2025*
---
### [How to Collect Gas Samples for ASTM D6866 Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459 outlines the proper technique in collecting gas samples from stacks
- This standard was specifically developed for [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic does not provide ASTM D7459 services
With regard to stack effluents, gas for analysis is obtained directly from the exhaust of continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) or with a probe in the stack. Cost per CEMS modification is limited to a few hundred dollars for piping, valves, gas flow controller, and perhaps computer control.
Gas is collected on a continuous basis for a time of interest (e.g. 2 weeks, 1 month), and a single measurement is made on 0.1 liter to 1.0 liter of collected effluent. The result represents a true running average of carbon-neutral vs. greenhouse CO2 emissions. The gas is sent to a **carbon-14 testing laboratory** for analysis, which can be performed in as little as 4 business days.
For details on how to submit samples to Beta Analytic for carbon-14 analysis, see [Send Samples](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Send Samples").
## ASTM D7459-08 Gas Sampling
ASTM D7459-08 encompasses the standard practice for collecting integrated samples for the speciation of biomass-derived carbon (biogenic) and fossil-derived carbon dioxide emitted from stationary emissions sources.
This standard provides specific procedures on how to collect gas samples from stationary emission sources for determination of the ratio of biomass-derived carbon to total carbon (fossil-derived carbon plus biomass or biogenic carbon) in accordance with ASTM D6866.
The gas is captured in a gas bag that is later transported to an off-site radiocarbon dating laboratory for analysis. Only a few gas bags are needed during the course of the year to give a true picture of what was combusted.
**You can download the standard in the [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm "ASTM") website.**
## Gas Sampling is not Part of Beta Analytic’s Services
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides ASTM D6866 testing. The company does not deal with gas sampling and assumes that samples submitted to its lab have been properly collected according to ASTM D7459. Beta Analytic sample volume requirements and shipping instructions are found [here](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "Beta Analytic sample requirements").
*Page last updated: March 2025*
---
### [EU Regulation on Natural Flavourings](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/flavorings.html)
**Published:** February 19, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The Flavouring Regulation (EC) No. 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council lays down general requirements for safe use of flavourings and provides definitions for different types of flavourings. It also identifies specific requirements for use of the term **“natural”.** The regulation not only applies to flavourings but also to source materials, foods containing flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties.
According to the Regulation, **“natural flavouring substances”** are obtained by appropriate physical, enzymatic or microbiological processes from material of vegetable, animal or microbiological origin either in the raw state or after processing for human consumption, by one or more of the traditional food preparation processes. Flavourings correspond to substances that are naturally present and have been identified in nature.
The Regulation also states that flavouring substances or flavouring preparations should only be labelled as “natural” if their flavouring component comprises only “natural flavouring substances.”
**(EC) No 1334/2008** was adopted in December 2008 and entered into force in January 2009.
## Assessing Authenticity of Natural Flavours
In its Guidance Document on the EC Regulation on Flavourings, the **European Flavour Association (EFFA)** recognizes Carbon-14 (radiocarbon) measurement as a tool for assessing the natural origin of the raw materials used.
The EFFA says that if a flavouring substance analysed by radiocarbon analysis is found devoid of radioactivity, this is “robust proof” that the material has been generated from fossil fuel substrates.
According to the EFFA, flavouring substances can be considered to have “modern” activity when they show typical radiocarbon determinations between 100-115% of the standard modern activity of 14.5 dpm/g (± 5%), while radiocarbon activity below 13.8 dpm/g may be indicative of mixtures of natural flavouring substances with their non-natural counterparts.
## Beta Analytic Natural Product Testing
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides high-quality **Carbon-14 analyses** to determine the percentage of natural versus synthetic content of flavourings and other substances.
The Miami-based lab measures isotopic ratios and reports results for natural products source testing according to international standards [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon. The ISO 16620-2 report includes these data: % biobased carbon content, % modern carbon, radiocarbon activity (dpm/g) and d13C relative to VPDB.
Sources:
[Flavouring Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008R1334 "Flavouring Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008")
[EFFA Guidance Document on the EC Regulation on Flavourings](https://effa.eu/eu-legislation/flavouring-legislation "EFFA Guidance Document on the EC Regulation on Flavourings")
*Last Updated: May 2021*
---
### [What are Biofuels?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/about-biofuels.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biofuels are transportation fuels from renewable sources like plants and animals
- Biofuels when burned emit carbon-neutral CO2
- There are many types of biofuels under development
Solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels that are produced from biomass are called biofuels. They are renewable and are good substitutes to fossil fuels. Most biofuels available in the market today are made from plants. They are often used as transportation fuels.
Certain plants are being cultivated specifically for biofuel production. In the U.S., switchgrass, soybeans, and corn are the major sources of biofuel. Brazil uses sugar cane while Europe processes sugar beet and wheat. Other agricultural products being processed into biofuels are cassava and sorghum in China, miscanthus and palm oil in Southeast Asia, and jatropha in India.
Examples of biofuels are biodiesel, bio-alcohols (bio-ethanol, biomethanol, biobutanol), biogas, syngas, and solid biofuels like wood, charcoal, and sawdust. Countries that have strongly promoted biofuel development and use include Brazil, the U.S., France, Sweden, and Germany.
## Types of Biofuels
Biofuels are classified into three groups – first generation, second generation, and third generation.
First generation biofuels are produced through conventional technology with sugar, starch, vegetable oil, or animal fats as sources. Because their feedstocks are also sources of food, the “food vs. fuel” debate is the major issue with first generation biofuels.
Production of first generation biofuels has a limitation because it might threaten food supply and biodiversity. To address the increasing biofuel demand, the second generation biofuels were developed. These second generation biofuels are produced from non-food crops or portions of food crops that are not edible and considered as wastes, e.g. stems, husks, wood chips, and fruit skins and peeling.
According to experts, second generation biofuels have greater greenhouse gas emission savings than first generation biofuels. Second generation biofuels, however, are more complicated to produce as it involves extracting useful feedstocks from woody or fibrous biomass.
Third generation biofuels are those that are produced from algae. Production of oilgae or algae fuel involves fermentation of the algae carbohydrate.
Second and third generation biofuels are also called advanced biofuels. An example of an advanced fuel that is still under development is the hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel. HDRD is produced from animal fats or vegetable oils that have been refined in oil refineries. This fuel can be blended with petroleum.
## Biofuels and Carbon Neutral CO2
Biofuels are good alternatives to fossil fuels because they produce [carbon-neutral carbon dioxide](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbon neutral CO2 explained") when burned. Carbon-neutral CO2 has zero carbon footprint because it has no net effect on the biosphere’s carbon concentration.
Biomass, when combusted, releases carbon dioxide, which in turn is readily absorbed by the plants—the source of biomass. Through this cycle, plants remove carbon from the atmosphere, and carbon is released back to the atmosphere when the plants are burned. This balance makes biomass carbon neutral.
The U.S. Senate passed an energy bill that contains a provision (RFS) that would mandate the use of bio-ethanol in gasoline to 5 billion gallons by the year 2012. The Joint Committee on Taxation has estimated that this provision will cost taxpayers $5 billion over the next ten years. Proper monitoring must be put into place to verify that the spirit of the law (its bio-ethanol mandate) is not flaunted, particularly through the use of imported ethanol.
## Regulations and Incentives
In the U.S., there are many incentives and laws for the use of biofuels at state and federal levels. The state of Washington alone has 4 incentive programs and 13 laws. B100 and biodiesel blends of B20 or higher qualify for alternative fuel credits under the Energy Policy Act of 1992. Most states offer tax exemptions and deductions for using biofuels.
Other countries, especially in Europe, also offer similar incentives to encourage use of biofuels.
**Related Topics:**
- [Bio-ethanol ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/bio-ethanol.html)
- [Biodiesel and Bioblends](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/biodiesel-bioblends.html)
- [Jet Fuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/jet-biofuels.html)
- [Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html)
- [Biodiesel and Biomass-based Diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/biomass-based-diesel.html)
- [Synthetic Ethanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/synthetic-ethanol.html)
- [Bio-ethanol vs Petroleum Ethanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/petroleum-ethanol.html)
---
### [Synthetic Ethanol: Global Trends and Supply](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/synthetic-ethanol.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Global Trend for Synthetic and Bio-ethanol – Producers to Merge*
The global ethanol producer Tereos Group has acquired SODES, a synthetic ethanol producer, through its Bio-ethanol Nord Picardie subsidiary. The synthetic ethanol facility uses ethylene, a petroleum by-product, to produce ethanol. The company plans to expand this plant to process bio-ethanol, which is chemically and physically indistinguishable from synthetic ethanol produced in the same plant.
NCP Alcohols, the largest ethanol producer in Africa (67% of all production exported), purchased AlcoGroup, which produces synthetic ethanol and fermented alcohols for fuel and industrial use. AlcoGroup was an active participant in global ethanol trades.
The global chemicals firm INEOS Enterprises (the largest synthetic ethanol producer in the world) has begun construction of a new biofuels plant in the UK. This plant will be built on the site of INEOS Refining that produces 300,000 tons of synthetic ethanol from ethylene.
## What Does This Mean?
The biofuel market does not demand high purity product in comparison to many traditional outlets. This means that, for a producer who is serving both the fuel and the traditional markets, the fuel outlet provides a home for synthetic ethanol, which would be off-specification for traditional non-fuel applications. This gives savings on re-processing synthetic ethanol for the fuel market.
## Effectiveness and Use of Synthetic Ethanol as Fuel
The effect of synthetic ethanol on octane response and fuel performance of fuel mixtures was compared to that of fermented ethanol of 99.9% purity sourced from California. It was concluded that the synthetic ethanol produced from coal compared very favorably to bio-ethanol, and it is therefore a feasible alternative to the fermented alcohol in use elsewhere in the world.1
Coal-derived synthetic ethanol is currently used in South Africa as a 12% blend with gasoline.
There is a worldwide trend from ethanol-consuming nations, such as Brazil and South Africa, to use synthetic ethanol to fill gaps in supply during periods of rapid growth or dips in domestic supply. Brazil, with its mature ethanol market place, openly imported synthetic ethanol as fuel until only a few years ago when traditional supply resumed again.
## Synthetic Ethanol Supply
Synthetic ethanol is readily synthesized from natural gas, coal, and ethylene, a by-product of petroleum. Synthetic ethanol from coal was half the cost of ethanol from cane (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 South Africa).
The production of ethanol from petroleum ethylene is a simple one-step process. The dramatic price rise of ethanol (at one point up to $4.00 per gallon in 2006) has probably encouraged petroleum product manufacturers to switch to other uses ethylene, principally from low-cost plastics to the more valued ethanol.
Saudi Arabia’s SABIC exports exclusively synthetic ethanol produced from ethylene. Between 1999 and 2003, the company was the largest exporter of ethanol to the United States.
According to the United States International Trade Commission, in 2005 CBI (Caribbean Basin Initiative) imports, which are tariff-free and receive state tax incentives, again represented more than half of all bio-ethanol imports. This ethanol is not tested for synthetic ethanol content.
Countries that have shown awareness and concern about this issue:
- New Zealand
- The Netherlands
- United Kingdom
- Australia
- South Africa
- European Union
The U.S. Senate passed an energy bill that contains a provision (RFS) that would mandate the use of bio-ethanol in gasoline to 5 billion gallons by the year 2012. The Joint Committee on Taxation has estimated that this provision will cost taxpayers $5 billion over the next ten years. Proper monitoring must be put into place to verify that the spirit of the law (its bio-ethanol mandate) is not flaunted, particularly through the use of imported ethanol.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, November 2002.
---
### [Understanding Biobased Carbon Content Measurement](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biobased carbon testing is able to distinguish biobased from non-biobased products
- The terms biobased and non-biobased are applicable to carbon-containing products
- A product’s biobased carbon content is reported as a fraction of total organic carbon content (TOC) and not on its weight according to ASTM D6866
- A product’s biobased carbon content can be reported as a fraction of total carbon content (TC) according to other standardized methods such as ISO 16620-2 and CEN 16640.
**Here are some definitions to clarify the concepts:**
**BIOBASED** – Materials that are derived in whole or in part from biomass resources are biobased. Biomass resources are organic materials that are available on a renewable or recurring basis such as crop residues, wood residues, grasses, and aquatic plants. Corn ethanol is a well-known example of a biobased material derived from biomass resources.
**BIOBASED PRODUCT** – Any product that contains some amount of biobased material within it is technically a biobased product. The term is typically applied only to materials containing carbon.
**NON-BIOBASED PRODUCT** – Any product that does not contain any biobased materials in it is a non-biobased product, but the term is typically applied only to materials containing carbon. Products made entirely from petrochemical resources are referred to as non-biobased products. Glass, however, is not generally referred to as non-biobased material since it doesn’t contain any carbon.
**PERCENT BIOBASED CARBON CONTENT** – This is a measure of the amount of biomass-derived carbon in a product as compared to its total organic carbon content (Biobased carbon to TOC) per ASTM D6866. Other analytical standard methods such as EN 16640 and ISO 16620-2 allow biobased results to be reported as a fraction of total carbon (TC). Both have become acceptable ways of measuring biobased carbon content.
## [\[VIDEO\] Inorganic vs Organic Carbon in Biobased Content Testing](#collapseOne)
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Biobased Content Measurements
The emerging biobased manufacturing industry is producing large quantities of products that contain mixtures of both biobased materials and petroleum-derived materials. “Percent biobased” is a measure of the amount of biobased carbon in the product as compared to the sum of biobased and petroleum-based carbon in the product. A percent biobased value of 75% would mean that of all the carbon in the product, 75% of it is biobased and 25% is petroleum based.1
The purpose of a biobased content measurement is to determine how much of the carbon within a biobased product is derived from biomass. The value represents a measure of how much biobased material a company is using to manufacture its products relative to the more readily available and less expensive petroleum-based alternatives.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Suggested Readings:**
[Carbon 14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/carbon14-dating.html "carbon dating concept")
[What are Bioplastics?](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/bioplastics.html)
---
### [Understanding ASTM D6866 Results](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The application of ASTM D6866 to derive a “biomass CO2 content” for carbon dioxide effluents is built upon the same concepts as those used by the US Department of Agriculture to measure the biobased carbon content of manufactured products containing biomass carbon. It is done by comparing a relative amount of radiocarbon (C14) in an unknown sample to that of a modern reference standard. The ratio in contemporary biomass will be 100% while the ratio in fossil materials will be zero.1 Carbon dioxide derived from combustion of a mixture of present-day biomass and fossil carbon will yield an ASTM D6866 result that directly correlates to the amount of biomass carbon combusted and carbon-neutral CO2 generated.
Carbon dioxide effluent derived from combustion of 100% present-day biomass will yield results of 100% biogenic carbon content. Carbon dioxide effluent derived from the combustion of 100% fossil fuel will yield results of 0% biogenic carbon content. Carbon dioxide produced from mixed fuels (biomass plus fossil fuel) will yield a percentage result in direct proportion to the biomass carbon consumed vs. fossil carbon consumed in the combustion. The final result is referred to as the MEAN BIOMASS CO2 CONTENT and assumes all the carbon in the carbon dioxide was derived from either present-day living or fossil sources.
## Beta Analytic ASTM D6866 Lab Report
The results provided in Beta Analytic reports involve materials provided without any source information. This situation is highly probable in a real life situation. The MEAN VALUE quoted in our reports encompasses an absolute range of 6% (plus and minus 3% on either side of the MEAN BIOMASS CO2 CONTENT to account for variations in end component radiocarbon signatures—
a conservative approximation). It is presumed that all materials are present-day or fossil in origin and that the desired result is the amount of biomass component “present” in the material and not the amount of biomass material “used” in the manufacturing process. Interpret reported percentages as maximum values (most conservative interpretation).
ASTM D6866 results relate directly to the percentage of [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "a.k.a. biogenic CO2") in an incineration effluent. A value of 71% renewable content measured on CO2 effluent would indicate that 71% of the exhausted CO2 was from biomass (29% from fossil fuel). It does not represent the weight of biomass combusted or the weight of fossil fuel combusted. This is advantageous since the weight of the fuels only indirectly relate to the uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The respiration uptake compound was carbon dioxide, and the combustion effluent was carbon dioxide. The ASTM D6866 result directly and specifically relates to the amount of carbon-neutral CO2 consumed and expelled.
ASTM D6866 results assume all the carbon in the analyte/sample was either present-day or fossil. This assumption does not apply well to landfills older than 5-10 years since they will include excess bomb carbon from perhaps 20-40 years ago or to older trees that began growing more than 20 years ago. The “present day” end-component is ambiguous in such cases. The method best applies to high concentration CO2 effluents from combustion sources. Results obtained which are greater than 100% are reported as 100% for simplification.
1\. Levin, Ingeborg; Miinnich, K 0; Weiss, Wolfgang. The Effect of Anthropogenic CO2 and 14C Sources on the Distribution of 14C in the Atmosphere. RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 379-391.
---
### [Applicability of ASTM D6866 to Greenhouse Gas Emissions](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astm-d6866-greenhouse-gas.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 makes a direct measurement of the carbon-neutral percentage within a bulk CO2/gas effluent. A single result is provided, e.g. 63% biomass CO2. A facility knowing its total tonnage CO2 output and ASTM D6866 result can directly calculate the tonnage of both carbon-neutral CO2 and fossil CO2 expelled, regardless of feedstock variability. ASTM D6866 provides a verification and monitoring tool for separating fossil carbon from carbon-neutral emissions in greenhouse gas emissions inventories.1
## Give the Financial Community Confidence in Emission Reduction Projects
Relating percentages between projects, facilities, and projections is a common practice within the investment community. Being able to relate percentage reductions in fossil CO2 emissions by monitoring percentage carbon-neutral CO2 provides an understandable reference point to stimulate investment.
## Avoid Double Counting
Single ASTM D6866 results can be tied to specific facility or industry emissions for trading and regulatory purposes. Since single measurements representing a true running average can be made directly on stack effluents over a time period of choice (1 week, 1 month, etc.), traceability is direct and double counting can be avoided.
## Verifiable Emission Reductions
The combined knowledge of tonnage CO2 output and percentage biomass CO2 provides a simple, transparent measure to monitor reductions. For example, last period a facility produced 4,000 tons of CO2 with 50% biomass CO2, and this period it produced 4,000 tons with 75% biomass CO2. This facility has reduced its GHG emissions by 25%. Additionally, last period this facility had 2,000 tons of tradable carbon-neutral CO2 while this month it has 3,000 tons of tradable carbon-neutral CO2. If all facilities are operating under the same mechanism, a single, transparent and verifiable tool is at work.
1\. Hämäläinen, K M; Jungner, H; Antson, O; Räsänen, J; Tormonen, K; Roine, J. Measurement of Biocarbon in Flue Gases Using 14C. RADIOCARBON, Vol 49, Nr 2, 2007, p 325–330.
---
### [Regulamento da União Europeia para aromatizantes](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/aromatizantes.html)
**Published:** February 27, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O Regulamento para aromatizantes (EC) nº 1334/2008 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho estabelece os requisitos gerais para a utilização segura de aromatizantes e apresenta as definições para os diferentes tipos de aromatizantes. Também identifica os requisitos específicos para o uso do termo **“natural”**. O Regulamento não se aplica apenas a aromatizantes, mas também a materiais de base, alimentos que contenham aromatizantes e certos ingredientes alimentares com propriedades aromatizantes.
Segundo o Regulamento, **“substâncias aromatizantes naturais”** são obtidas através de processos físicos, enzimáticos ou microbiológicos adequados, provindos de materiais de origem vegetal, animal ou microbiológica seja no estado bruto ou processado para o consumo humano através de um ou mais dos processos tradicionais de preparação de alimentos. Os aromatizantes correspondem a substâncias que estão naturalmente presentes e que foram identificadas na natureza.
O Regulamento também declara que as substâncias aromatizantes ou preparações de aromatizantes apenas deverão ser rotuladas como “naturais” se seus componentes aromatizantes contiverem apenas “substâncias aromatizantes naturais”.
O **Regulamento (EC) nº 1334/2008** foi adotado em dezembro de 2008 e entrou em vigor em janeiro de 2009.
## Avaliando a autenticidade de aromatizantes naturais
No documento de orientação do Regulamento EC para aromatizantes, a **Associação Europeia de Aromatizantes** (EFFA) reconhece a medição por Carbono-14 (radiocarbono) como uma ferramenta para avaliar a origem natural dos materiais brutos utilizados.
A EFFA diz que se uma substância aromatizantes analisada pela análise por radiocarbono não apresenta radioatividade, isso é uma “prova sólida” de que o material foi gerado a partir de substratos de combustíveis fósseis.
Segundo a EFFA, pode-se considerar que substâncias aromatizantes têm atividade “moderna” quando elas apresentam determinação típicas de radiocarbono de 100-115% da atividade moderna padrão de 14.5 dpm/g (± 5%),enquanto a atividade radiocarbônica abaixo de 13.8 dpm/g pode indicar uma mistura de substâncias aromatizantes naturais com seus equivalentes não naturais.
## A análise de origem natural do Beta Analytic
O laboratório Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO 17025 e oferece **análises por Carbono-14** de alta qualidade para determinar a porcentagem do conteúdo natural e sintético de aromatizantes e outras substâncias.
O laboratório tem sede em Miami e realiza medições de razões isotópicas para as análises da origem de produtos naturais segundo os padrões internacionais [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") ou [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") 8.3.2: conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração do carbono total ou do carbono orgânico total. O relatório ISO 16620-2 inclui estes dados: % do conteúdo de carbono de base biológica, % de carbono moderno, atividade radiocarbônica (dpm/g) e d13C em relação ao padrão VPDB.
Fontes:
[Regulamento (CE) para aromatizantes nº 1334/2008](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008R1334 "Regulamento (CE) para aromatizantes nº 1334/2008")
[Documento de orientação da EFFA para o Regulamento (CE) para Aromas](https://effa.eu/eu-legislation/flavouring-legislation "Documento de orientação da EFFA para o Regulamento (CE) para Aromas")
*Última atualização: maio de 2021*
---
### [Regolamento CE sugli aromi naturali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/aromi-prodotti-naturali.html)
**Published:** February 27, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il Regolamento sugli aromi (CE) n. 1334/2008 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio stabilisce le regole generali relative all’uso in sicurezza degli aromi e fornisce le definizioni dei diversi tipi di aromi. Definisce inoltre i requisiti specifici per l’uso del termine **“naturale”**. Il regolamento non si applica solo agli aromi ma anche alle fonti, agli alimenti che contengono aromi e ad alcuni ingredienti alimentari con proprietà aromatizzanti.
Secondo il regolamento, le **“sostanze aromatizzanti naturali”** si ottengono attraverso appropriati procedimenti fisici, enzimatici o microbiologici a partire da materiali di origine vegetale, animale o microbiologica, impiegati nella forma originale o preparati mediante uno o più procedimenti tradizionali di preparazione degli alimenti. Gli aromi corrispondono a sostanze normalmente presenti e identificate in natura.
Il Regolamento stabilisce inoltre che le sostanze o le preparazioni aromatizzanti devono essere etichettate come “naturali” solo se la loro componente aromatizzante contiene esclusivamente “sostanze aromatizzanti naturali”.
**(EC) n. 1334/2008** è stato adottato a dicembre 2008 ed è entrato in vigore a gennaio 2009.
## Verificare l’autenticità degli aromi naturali
Nel suo Documento Guida sul Regolamento CE sugli aromi, la **European Flavour Association (EFFA)** riconosce la misurazione del carbonio-14 (radiocarbonio) come strumento valido per la valutazione dell’origine naturale delle materie prime utilizzate.
L’EFFA suggerisce che se una sostanza aromatizzante, analizzata tramite l’analisi al radiocarbonio, non presenta radioattività, ciò costituisce una “prova solida” del fatto che il materiale sia stato prodotto a partire da sostanze derivate dal petrolio.
Secondo l’EFFA, le sostanze aromatizzanti presentano attività “moderna” quando la determinazione del radiocarbonio restituisce valori tra il 100 e il 115% dell’attività moderna standard di 14,5 dpm/g (±5%), mentre un’attività radiocarbonica al di sotto di 13,8 dpm/g potrebbe indicare la presenza di una miscela di sostanze aromatizzanti naturali e di sostanze non naturali.
## Le analisi delle fonti naturali di Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO 17025 e fornisce servizi di **analisi del carbonio-14** di alta qualità per la determinazione del contenuto percentuale naturale, in rapporto a quello sintetico, negli aromi e in altre sostanze.
Il laboratorio, con sede a Miami, misura i rapporti isotopici e riporta i risultati dell’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali secondo gli standard internazionali ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale. Il report ISO 16620-2 include i seguenti dati: % contenuto di carbonio biobased, % carbonio moderno, attività radiocarbonica (dpm/g) e d13C relativo a VPDB.
Fonti:
[Regolamento sugli aromi (CE) n. 1334/2008](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32008R1334 "Regolamento sugli aromi (CE) n. 1334/2008")
[Documento Guida EFFA sul Regolamento CE sugli aromi](https://effa.eu/eu-legislation/flavouring-legislation "Documento Guida EFFA sul Regolamento CE sugli aromi")
*Ultimo aggiornamento maggio 2021*
---
### [ASTM D6866 再生可能炭素試験結果](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
二酸化炭素排出ガス中の「バイオマス起源CO2濃度」を得るためのASTM D6866試験は、バイオマス起源炭素を含む製品中の生物起源炭素（再生可能炭素）濃度を測定するために米国農務省により利用された試験方法と同じ原理で測定されます。ASTM D6866試験では、Modern reference standardに対する、未知サンプル中の放射性炭素C14の濃度比を報告いたします。生物起源製品の放射性炭素濃度は100％で、化石起源製品の放射性炭素濃度は0％になります。製品の原生の生物起源炭素と、化石燃料に由来する炭素との混合物質であるなら、その炭素の混合比率はC14濃度に反映されます。
放射性炭素年代測定で用いられるModern reference standardは国立標準技術研究所(National Institute of Standards and Technology :NIST)による基準で、1950年の100％現代炭素中の放射性炭素濃度と定義されています。1950年が選択されたのは、それ以降核実験によって人為的な放射性炭素が大量に大気中に放出されてしまったからです。([爆発炭素:bomb carbon](https://www.radiocarbon.com/carbon-dating-bomb-carbon.htm "bomb carbon")).
この過剰なbomb carbonは増減する核実験とともに変化するため、1950年が参照基準として使用される論理的ポイントとなりました。この影響のために一定の補正がASTM D6866試験の必要要件ごとに適用されます。特に1996年以降大気CO2リザーバーから採取された炭素に適用されます。1996年以前に採取された炭素には、放射性炭素増加の特徴があり、ASTM D6866 試験補正が直接適用されません。この補正は5−10年以上古い埋め立て地、また20年以上前に成長をはじめた樹木には適用されません。
100％現代バイオマスの燃焼に由来する二酸化炭素排出ガスは、再生可能炭素濃度が100％という結果が得られます。また100％化石燃料の燃焼に由来する二酸化炭素排出ガスは、再生可能炭素濃度が0％という結果が得られます。混合燃料(バイオマス燃料＋化石燃料)から産生される二酸化炭素は、燃焼中に消費されるバイオマス炭素に対する化石炭素に正比例した結果が得られます。最終結果は MEAN BIOMASS CO2 CONTENT として定義され、二酸化炭素中の全ての炭素は現代生物起源または化石起源に由来すると見なされています。
## Beta Analyticの ASTM D6866を用いた再生可能炭素試験報告
分析物質に関する報告書の試験結果では、物質の由来は分かりません。 MEAN BIOMASS CO2 CONTENTはもっとも安全に考えた場合、最大±3％の誤差を含みます。その理由は放射性炭素の地域的な差、試料の不均一性、古い原材の使用などによります。すべての物質は生物起源または化石起源で、また望ましい結果は、物質中に「存在する」バイオマス濃度であり、製造過程で「使用される」バイオマス物質濃度ではないと考えられています。当社では報告された結果(パーセンテージ％)は最大値と解釈しております。
ASTM-D6866試験結果は、燃焼排出ガス中のカーボンニュートラルCO2の割合に直接関係しています。CO2排出ガスの測定において再生可能炭素濃度が71％であるということは、排気されたCO2の71％がバイオマス由来であることを示しています(29％化石燃料由来)。これは燃焼されたバイオマスや化石燃料の重量を示しているわけではありません。燃料の重量は大気からの二酸化炭素の取り込みに間接的ですが関係しているという利点があります。呼吸作用により取り込まれる成分も燃焼排出ガスも二酸化炭素です。ASTM D6866試験結果は 消費・放出されたカーボンニュートラルCO2濃度に直接かつ明確に関係しています。
ASTM D6866試験結果では、サンプル中の全ての炭素が現代炭素または化石起源炭素と見なしています。しかし20〜40年以上前から過剰なbomb carbonを含んでいるため、5〜10年以上古い埋め立て地、あるいは20年以上前に成長を始めた樹木には適用されません。このような場合、“現代”最終成分は明確ではありません。最良の方法として、燃焼源からの高濃度CO2排出ガスを適用することです。100％以上の結果が得られた場合には、単純化のために100％として報告されます。
(参考文献)
1\. Levin, Ingeborg; Miinnich, K 0; Weiss, Wolfgang.The Effect of Anthropogenic CO2 and 14C Sources on the Distribution of 14C in the Atmosphere.(英語のみ) RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 379-391.
---
### [ASTM D6866 결과에 대한 설명](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소를 측정하는 ASTM D6866 실험은 미국 농무성에서 시용하는 바이오 매스 탄소를 함유하고 있는 공산품의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 방법과 같은 개념에서 시작되었습니다. 현재의 표준 참고 물질과 측정하고자 하는 샘플의 방사성탄소 (C14)의 상대 양을 비교하는 것입니다. 현존하는 바이오 매스 물질의 비율은 100%인 반면에 화석 연료 물질의 비율은 0% 입니다. 지금처럼 바이오 매스 연료와 화석 연료가 혼합된 형태로 연소되어 발생하는 이산화탄소는 연소된 바이오 매스 탄소의 량과 발생한 탄소 중립 이산화탄소의 량이 서로 연관성을 보여주며, 이것이 ASTM D6866 테스트의 결과입니다.
지금 100% 바이오 매스 물질이 연소하여 배출되는 이산화탄소는 100% 재생 가능한 탄소 함량을 가졌다는 실험 결과가 나옵니다. 마찬가지로 100% 화석 연료가 연소하여 배출되는 이산화탄소는 0% 재생 가능 탄소 함량을 가졌다는 실험 결과가 나옵니다. 혼합된 연료가 연소하여 발생하는 이산화탄소는 그 비율에 따라 %로 정확하게 나옵니다. 최종 결과는 MEAN BIOMASS CO2 CONTENT로 표시하며, 이산화탄소에 포함되어 있는 모든 탄소는 현재 살아있거나 화석 연료에서 온 것이라는 가정에서 입니다.
## Beta 연구소의 ASTM D6866 실험 보고서
Beta 연구소의 보고서의 결과는 어떤 물질인지에 대한 사전 정보가 전혀 없이 나온 결과입니다. 이런 경우들은 실 생활에서 일어납니다. 보고서의 중간 값 (MEAN VALUE)의 오차 범위는 6%이며 (최종 방사성탄소 물질의 오차를 계산해서 중간 바이오 매스 이산화탄소 함량의 양쪽으로 + – 3% – 가장 보수적 접근 방법에 따라) 이 결과는 그 물질이 현재에 존재했거나 화석 연료에서 온 것이라는 가정에 의한 것입니다. 또한 결과는 그 물질의 ‘현재’ 가지고 있는 바이오 매스 함량을 말하며, 제조 과정에서 ‘사용한’ 바이오 매스 량이 아니라는 것을 가정합니다. 보고서에 나온 %은 최대치로 해석해야 합니다. (가장 보수적 해석 방법에 따라)
ASTM D6866 실험 결과는 소각로에서 배출되는 탄소 중립 이산화탄소 [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "a.k.a. biogenic CO2") 의 %와 직접 관련이 있습니다. 배출된 이산화탄소에서 측정한 바이오 매스 함량이 71%라고 한다면, 배출된 이산화탄소 중에서 바이오 매스에서 온 것이 71% (따라서 29%가 화석 연료에서 온 이산화탄소)라는 것을 보여줍니다. 반드시 명심해야 할 점은 이것이 바이오 매스 연료나 화석 연료의 무게를 나타내는 것이 아니라는 것입니다. 실제 소각되는 연료의 무게와 배출되는 이산화탄소와는 직접적인 관련이 없습니다. 호흡으로 배출되거나 소각되어 배출되는 것 모두 이산화탄소이며 ASTM D6866의 결과는 소비되어 배출된 탄소 중립 이산화탄소의 양과 직접적이고, 또한 특정적으로 연관이 있습니다.
ASTM D6866 실험 결과는 샘플에 들어있는 모든 탄소를 측정합니다. 즉 샘플은 현재의 것이거나 화석 물질에서 왔다고 가정합니다. 이런 가정은 5년-10년 이상 지난 쓰레기 매립장에서는 20년에서 40년 전에 핵실험에 의해 탄소가 추가로 포함되었을 수 있기 때문에 적용하지 않으며, 또한 20년 이상 오래 전에 자란 나무에 대해서도 적용하지 않습니다. 이런 경우에 있어서 “현재의” 탄소라는 것이 애매하기 때문입니다. 이 실험 방법은 연소되는 지점에서 배출되는 고농도의 이산화탄소를 측정하는 것이 가장 좋습니다. 100% 이상의 결과는 간단하게 그냥 100%라고 보고서에 표시됩니다.
1\. Levin, Ingeborg; Miinnich, K 0; Weiss, Wolfgang. The Effect of Anthropogenic CO2 and 14C Sources on the Distribution of 14C in the Atmosphere. RADIOCARBON, VOL 22, No. 2, 1980, P 379-391.
---
### [온실가스 배출의 ASTM D6866적용](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astm-d6866-greenhouse-gas.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ASTM D6866 실험은 다량의 이산화탄소에 들어있는 탄소중립 이산화탄소의 비율을 직접 측정하여 결과를 간단한 %로 보여줍니다. 예를 들어 바이오 매스 이산화탄소 63% 라는 식으로. 따라서 배출되는 이산화탄소의 전체 양을 아는 기업 입장에서 연료의 종류가 무엇이든 탄소 중립 혹은 바이오 매스 이산화탄소와 화석 이산화탄소의 무게를 쉽게 계산할 수 있습니다. 이런 방식으로 ASTM D6866 실험은 온실가스 배출 재고에서 탄소 중립 이산화탄소와 화석 연료 이산화탄소의 구분을 증명 관리해 주는 좋은 실험 방법입니다. 1
## 배출 감축 프로젝트에서 금전적 보상을 줍니다.
투자자 입장에서 프로젝트 간, 기업 간, 투자 간에 %을 따지는 것은 흔한 일입니다. 탄소 중립 이산화탄소의 %를 앎으로써 화석 이산화탄소 배출의 감축 정도를 계산하는 것 자체만으로도 투자를 촉진하는 참고 자료가 됩니다.
## 이중 계산 방지
ASTM D6866의 간단한 결과 보고서는 매매 목적이든 규제 목적이든 특정 기업의 배출 정도와 연결해 파악할 수 있습니다. 결과 보고서 자체가 실제 배출되고 있는 평균 값을 보여주고 특정 기간 (1주, 혹은 1달) 동안 직접 배출되는 가스를 측정해서 만들어지기 때문에 결과 직접 확인 가능하여, 이중 계산을 방지해 줍니다.
## 배출 가스 감축의 증명
전체 배출되는 이산화탄소와 그 안에 포함되어 있는 바이오 매스 함량의 %를 알면 감축 관리에 있어서 간단 투명합니다. 예를 들어서, 지난 번에 배출된 전체이산화탄소의 양이 4,000톤이며 이 중 바이오 매스 이산화탄소 함량이 50%였는데, 이번에 배출되는 4,000 톤의 이산화탄소 중에서 75%의 바이오 매스 이산화탄소가 있다면, 이 기업은 25% 배출가스 감축을 하였다는 것을 쉽게 알 수 있습니다. 따라서 이 기업은 지난 번에는 2,000톤의 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 거래할 수 있었지만, 이번에는 3,000톤의 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 거래할 수 있다는 것을 쉽게 알 수 있습니다. 이렇게 결과 보고서는 아주 간단하면서도, 투명한 증명 수단임에 틀림없습니다.
1\. Hämäläinen, K M; Jungner, H; Antson, O; Räsänen, J; Tormonen, K; Roine, J. Measurement of Biocarbon in Flue Gases Using 14C. RADIOCARBON, Vol 49, Nr 2, 2007, p 325–330.
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### [A indústria do bioetanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/bioetanol.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
São produzidos bilhões de galões de etanol todos os anos, tanto de recursos renováveis (bioetanol) quanto de petróleo (etanol sintético). Os dois são quimicamente indistinguíveis. Ao passo que o Padrão de Combustíveis Renováveis de janeiro de 2006 avança, a distinção entre os dois é necessária e prática por três motivos:
- Para efeitos de explicação de origem e contabilidade tributária.
- Para verificar a quantidade de bioetanol na mistura.
- Para verificar a integridade do Padrão de Combustíveis Renováveis, tendo em vista sua aplicação exclusiva ao bioetanol.
A norma [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") é o método aprovado pelo governo dos Estados Unidos para determinar o teor renovável/de base biológica de produtos naturais, inclusive de aditivos de etanol, aditivos de biodiesel e outros produtos de base biológica. O método é utilizado rotineiramente pela USDA na identificação de produtos de base biológica, e é aplicado sem modificações na identificação e quantificação de bioetanol.
## Analisando o conteúdo de base biológica do bioetanol
Identificar a origem do etanol serve para quatro importantes propósitos:
1. Proteger os interesses de produtores de biomassa e empresários que investem na produção de bioetanol.
2. Garantir que o etanol importado declarado como bioetanol parte de uma fundamentação correta e honesta.
3. Impedir fraudes ou outras representações desonestas do etanol como bioetanol visando obter créditos fiscais.
4. Proporcionar um único número de referência (utilizando a [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) a ser incluído nas exigências contábeis relacionadas a créditos fiscais, distribuição, utilização e consumo de bioetanol.
O etanol produzido a partir de combustíveis fósseis é de especial preocupação para a indústria de bioetanol. O etanol sintético é quimicamente indistinguível do etanol renovável produzido de biomassa.1
Proteger os interesses de produtores de biomassa e empresários que investem na produção de bioetanol é de suma importância para o sucesso da economia nacional do etanol. Muitos líderes de mercado do setor não estão cientes do fato de que o etanol sintético pode ser facilmente obtido de produtores de petróleo nacionais e estrangeiros. Apesar do etanol sintético ser quimicamente indistinguível do bioetanol, ele pode ser reconhecido diretamente com o método ASTM D6866.
O gráfico abaixo mostra a quantidade de etanol sintético produzido pelos maiores produtores de etanol sintético do mundo.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
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### [L’industria del bioetanolo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/bioetanolo.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Miliardi di litri di etanolo vengono prodotti ogni anno, a partire sia da fonti rinnovabili (bioetanolo) sia dal petrolio (etanolo sintetico). I due prodotti sono chimicamente indistinguibili. Lo sviluppo del Renewable Fuels Standard di gennaio 2006 rende una distinzione tra i due pratica e necessaria, per tre motivi:
- Per ragioni di contabilità e registrazione delle forniture.
- Per verificare la quantità di bioetanolo presente nella miscela.
- Per proteggere l’integrità del Renewable Fuel Standard, inteso per l’applicazione al solo bioetanolo.
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") è il metodo approvato dal governo statunitense per la determinazione del contenuto rinnovabile/biobased dei materiali naturali, inclusi gli additivi per l’etanolo e per il biodiesel e altri prodotti biobased. Questo metodo è utilizzato regolarmente dallo USDA per l’identificazione dei prodotti biobased e viene applicato, senza alcuna modifica, anche per l’identificazione e la quantificazione del bioetanolo.
## Analisi del contenuto biobased del bioetanolo
Identificare l’origine dell’etanolo ha quattro scopi fondamentali:
1. Protegge gli interessi dei produttori di biomassa e degli investitori che investono nella produzione del bioetanolo.
2. Fornisce uno strumento per garantire che l’etanolo di importazione, etichettato come bioetanolo, sia indicato in modo corretto e onesto.
3. Scoraggia inoltre l’indicazione fraudolenta, o altrimenti disonesta, di etanolo come bioetanolo, volta ad ottenere detrazioni fiscali.
4. Fornisce un numero di riferimento univoco (utilizzando [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) che può essere inserito nei requisiti contabili associati alle detrazioni fiscali, la distribuzione, l’uso e il consumo del bioetanolo.
Una particolare ragione di preoccupazione per l’industria del bioetanolo è rappresentata dai combustibili fossili. L’etanolo sintetico è chimicamente identico all’etanolo rinnovabile prodotto a partire dalla biomassa.1
Proteggere gli interessi dei produttori di biomassa e degli investitori che investono nella produzione del bioetanolo è di estrema importanza per il successo di un’economia nazionale dell’etanolo. La maggior parte dei leader di questo settore non è al corrente del fatto che l’etanolo sintetico può essere fornito facilmente dai produttori di petrolio nazionali e stranieri. Nonostante l’etanolo sintetico sia chimicamente identico all’etanolo rinnovabile prodotto a partire dalla biomassa, può essere individuato facilmente utilizzando ASTM D6866.
Il grafico seguente mostra la quantità di etanolo sintetico prodotto dai maggiori produttori di etanolo al mondo.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
---
### [L’industrie du bioéthanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/bio-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Des milliards de gallons d’éthanol sont produits chaque année à la fois à partir de ressources renouvelables (bioéthanol) et fossiles (éthanol synthétique). Les deux sont chimiquement impossibles à distinguer. Au fur et à mesure de l’avancement de la norme sur les carburants renouvelables de janvier 2006 (Renewable Fuels Standard), la distinction entre les deux est devenue nécessaire et pratique pour trois raisons :
- Objectifs comptables et fiscaux.
- Vérifier la quantité de bioéthanol dans le mélange.
- Maintenir l’intégrité de la norme sur les carburants renouvelables concernant son intention de s’appliquer uniquement au bioéthanol.
L’[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") est la méthode approuvée par le gouvernement américain pour déterminer la teneur renouvelable / biosourcée des matériaux naturels, y compris les additifs de l’éthanol ou du biodiesel, et autres produits biosourcés. La méthode est utilisée couramment par l’USDA dans l’identification des produits biosourcés et est appliquée sans modification pour l’identification et la quantification du bioéthanol.
## Analyse de la teneur biosourcée du bioéthanol
L’identification de l’origine de l’éthanol répond à quatre objectifs importants :
1. Cela permet de protéger les intérêts des producteurs de biomasse et les personnes investissant dans la production de bioéthanol.
2. Cela représente un moyen de garantir que l’éthanol importé considéré comme bioéthanol est correctement et honnêtement représenté.
3. Cela permet de prévenir la fraude ou toute autre éventuelle représentation malhonnête de l’éthanol comme bioéthanol à des fins de crédits d’impôts.
4. Cela fournit une référence unique (par l’[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) à ajouter aux exigences comptables associées aux crédits d’impôts, à la distribution, utilisation et consommation de bioéthanol.
L’éthanol produit à partir de carburants fossiles est un sujet de préoccupation pour l’industrie du bioéthanol. L’éthanol synthétique est chimiquement impossible à distinguer de l’éthanol renouvelable produit à partir de la biomasse.1
La protection des intérêts des producteurs de biomasse et personnes investissant dans la production de bioéthanol est essentielle au succès de l’économie nationale de l’éthanol. La plupart des leaders dans ce domaine ne savent pas qu’il est facile de se procurer de l’éthanol synthétique auprès de producteurs nationaux ou étrangers. Bien qu’il soit chimiquement parlant impossible de distinguer l’éthanol synthétique du bioéthanol, il est possible de le distinguer directement à l’aide de l’ASTM D6866.
Le tableau ci-dessous montre la quantité d’éthanol synthétique produit par les plus grands producteurs mondiaux.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
---
### [La industria del bioetanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/bioetanol.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Billones de galones de etanol se producen anualmente a partir de fuentes renovables (bioetanol) y derivados del petróleo (etanol sintético). Los dos tipos son químicamente indistinguibles, y a medida que la aplicación del Estándar de Combustibles Renovables de enero de 2006 avanza, la distinción entre los dos tipos es necesaria y práctica por tres razones:
- Para efectos de explicación de origen y contabilidad tributaria.
- Para verificar la cantidad de bioetanol en la mezcla.
- Para mantener la integridad del Estándar de Combustibles Renovables en cuanto a su intención de aplicarse solamente al bioetanol.
El estándar [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") es el método aprobado por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos para determinar el contenido renovable/de base biológica de productos naturales como aditivos de etanol, aditivos de biodiesel y otros productos de origen biológico. El método es utilizado de manera regular por la USDA para identificar productos de origen biológico y se aplica sin modificación para la identificación y cuantificación del bioetanol.
## Analizando el contenido de base biológica del bioetanol
Identificar el origen del etanol tiene cuatro importantes propósitos:
1. Protege los intereses de los productores de biomasa y empresarios que invierten en la producción de bioetanol.
2. Es un medio para asegurar que el etanol importado declarado como bioetanol tiene una fundamentación correcta y honesta.
3. Impide fraudes o clasificaciones deshonestas del etanol como bioetanol con el propósito de obtener créditos fiscales.
4. Proporciona un número de referencia único (usando el método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) que se añade a los requerimientos de verificación asociados con créditos fiscales, distribución, utilización y consumo de bioetanol.
De especial preocupación para la industria del bioetanol es el etanol producido a partir de combustibles fósiles. El etanol sintético es químicamente indistinguible del etanol renovable producido a partir de biomasa.1
Proteger los intereses de los productores de biomasa y de los empresarios que invierten en la producción de bioetanol es fundamental para el éxito de la economía doméstica del etanol. La mayoría de los líderes de la industria en este sector no están conscientes de que el etanol sintético pueden obtenerlo fácilmente de los productores de petróleo domésticos y extranjeros. Aunque el etanol sintético es químicamente indistinguible del bioetanol, puede distinguirse directamente utilizando el método ASTM D6866.
La gráfica de abajo muestra la cantidad de etanol sintético producido por los mayores productores de etanol sintético en el mundo.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
---
### [The Bio-ethanol Industry](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/bio-ethanol.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Billions of gallons of ethanol are produced annually both from renewable (bio-ethanol) and petroleum (synthetic ethanol) resources. The two are chemically indistinguishable. And as the Renewable Fuels Standard of January 2006 moves forward, distinguishing between the two is necessary and practical for three reasons:
- For source and tax accounting purposes.
- Verification of the quantity of bio-ethanol in the blend.
- Upholding the integrity of the Renewable Fuels Standard with regard to its intent to apply solely to bio-ethanol.
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels") is the US government-approved method for determining the renewable/biobased content of natural range materials, including ethanol additives, biodiesel additives, and other biobased products. The method is used routinely by the USDA in the identification of biobased products and is applied without modification for the identification and quantification of bio-ethanol.
## Biobased Content Testing Bio-ethanol
Identifying the origin of ethanol serves four significant purposes:
1. It protects the interests of biomass producers and investors investing in bio-ethanol production.
2. It provides a means to ensure imported ethanol claimed to be bio-ethanol is correctly and honestly cited.
3. It deters fraud or otherwise dishonest representation of ethanol as bio-ethanol for the purposes of tax credits.
4. It provides a single number reference (using [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")) to be added to accounting requirements associated with the tax credits, distribution, utilization, and consumption of bio-ethanol.
Of particular concern for the bio-ethanol industry is ethanol produced from fossil fuels. Synthetic ethanol is chemically indistinguishable from renewable ethanol produced from biomass.1
Protecting the interests of biomass producers and investors investing in bio-ethanol production is paramount to the success of the domestic ethanol economy. Most industry leaders in this sector are unaware that synthetic ethanol is readily available from domestic and foreign petroleum producers. Although synthetic ethanol is chemically indistinguishable from bio-ethanol, it can be directly distinguished using ASTM D6866.
The graph below shows the amount of synthetic ethanol produced by the world’s largest synthetic ethanol producers.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
---
### [Die Bioethanol Industrie](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/bioethanol.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Milliarden Liter Ethanol werden jährlich sowohl aus erneuerbaren Ressourcen (Bioethanol), als auch aus Erdölquellen (synthetisches Ethanol) produziert. Die beiden Arten sind chemisch nicht zu unterscheiden. Allerdings ist es im Rahmen des Renewable Fuels Standard (Januar 2006) sehr wichtig, die beiden aus 3 Gründen unterscheiden zu können:
- Für die Steuerbuchführung.
- Verifizierung über die verwendete Menge an Bioethanol in Gemischen.
- Wahrung der Integrität des Renewable Fuels Standard mit Rücksicht auf die Zielsetzung, ausschließlich Bioethanol zu verwenden.
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") ist in den USA die staatlich anerkannte Methode, um den erneuerbaren/biobasierten Anteil von natürlichen Materialien bestimmen zu können, inklusive Ethanolzusätze, Biodieselzusätze und andere biobasierte Produkte. Die Methode wird routinemäßig von der USDA für das Identifizieren von biobasierten Produkten verwendet und sie wird auf die gleiche Weise für die Identifikation und Quantifizierung von Bioethanol verwendet.
## Biobasierten Anteil von Bioethanol prüfen
Die Herkunft von Ethanol zu identifizieren dient den folgenden vier Punkten:
1. Es schützt die Interessen der Biomasseproduzenten und die Interessen der Investoren, die in die Produktion von Bioethanol investieren.
2. Die Prüfung garantiert, dass importiertes Ethanol auch tatsächlich korrekt als Bioethanol gekennzeichnet ist.
3. Es schreckt möglichen Betrug ab, der die unehrliche Darstellung von Ethanol als Bioethanol für Steuererleichterungen nutzt.
4. Die Analyse stellt eine Referenznummer bereit (mittels [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866: biobased content determination of Fuels")), die im Zusammenhang mit Steuererleichterungen, Vertrieb, Nutzung und Verbrauch von Bioethanol verwendet werden kann.
Von besonderer Bedeutung für die Bioethanol-Industrie ist Ethanol, das aus fossilen Brennstoffen produziert wird. Synthetisches Ethanol ist von erneuerbarem Ethanol aus Biomasse chemisch nicht zu unterscheiden.1
Der Interessenschutz der Biomasseproduzenten und Investoren ist unmittelbar an den Erfolg der heimischen Ethanol-Wirtschaft gekoppelt. Die meisten Branchenführer in diesem Sektor sind sich nicht darüber bewusst, dass synthetisches Ethanol leicht von in- und ausländischen Produzenten verfügbar ist. Obwohl synthetisches Ethanol chemisch ununterscheidbar von Bioethanol ist, kann man es mit Hilfe von ASTM D6866 sehr gut unterscheiden.
Der folgende Graph zeigt die weltweit größten Produzenten von synthetischem Ethanol in Tonnen pro Jahr an.
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1\. *Dijs, Ivo J; van der Windt, Eric; Kaihola, Lauri; van der Borg, Klaas. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION BY 14C ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT IN FUELS. RADIOCARBON, Vol 48, Nr 3, 2006, p 315-323.*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/fuel-gases-2.html)
**Published:** May 8, 2025
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Radiocarbon Determination of Fuel Gases
Measuring % Biogenic Carbon vs % Fossil Carbon in hydrocarbon/fuel gas samples
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
Radiocarbon analysis (14C) is used to determine biogenic carbon content of hydrocarbon and fuel gases in co-processing and is the required testing in various clean fuel standards in the EU, Canada, and the USA. 14C analysis distinguishes between fossil and modern hydrocarbon gas feedstocks and product gases.
## Quantify the Biogenic Content of Gases by Carbon-14 Analysis in these samples:
- A bulk composition of gases and isolated gases of methane, carbon dioxide (in a mixture or “raw biogas”), propane, butane, and ethylene.
- Hydrocarbon gases composed of biogas, landfill gas, biomethane, RNG, co-processing gaseous fuels, renewable gas feedstocks, syngas, geogenic methane, soil gases, waste to energy gases, enteric gases, renewable propane, low carbon intensity fuels, bioreactor gases, and chemical intermediate gases.
## Biogenic Testing Reporting Standards
- ASTM D6866 – % [Biogenic](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html) is expressed as a fraction of total carbon
- Full chromatographic analysis of gas mixtures is available through ASTM D7833, ASTM D1945, or EPA 3C testing as part of this service.
NOTE: We cannot accept gas compositions with greater than 50 parts-per-million concentration (>50 ppm) of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.
Ready to submit samples for testing? You need to complete the fuel gas questionnaire/assessment prior to acceptance of your gas samples.[Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/hydrocarbons-shipping.html)
#### For reliable, accurate and fast biogenic content testing solutions, choose SGS Beta.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: February 2025
---
### [Requesting a Quote from SGS Beta](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
**Published:** December 12, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Please send the following information so we can provide a quotation asap.
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---
### [Essential Oil Testing by Carbon-14 Analysis](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/oils.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Essential oils are concentrated essences of plants extracted through distillation or pressing. They are used widely for their flavor, fragrance and even therapeutic effects. Given their wide range of applications and the increasing trend to favor “natural” products, there is great demand for essential oils in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food and drinks industries.
Essential oils are expensive to produce, and with their increasing popularity has come the more readily available synthetic versions often denoted as fragrance oil. The synthetic versions do not have exactly the same components as the naturally sourced oils. In the production of the natural essential oils, there are other compounds in low concentrations that are also extracted. For example, when synthesizing cinnemaldehyde, the other compounds found in the natural cinnamon oil are not created.
Biobased content testing (Carbon-14 analysis) determines whether the essential oil is natural or synthetic. Biobased content testing can be used by suppliers and manufacturers to verify if an essential oil has not been adulterated with the cheaper synthetic alternative. To distinguish between different natural sources, stable isotope testing or other chemical analyses are required.
## Natural vs Synthetic Essential Oils
Bitter almond oil vs Synthetic Benzaldehyde
Bitter almond oil is used widely as a flavoring agent. In addition to almond kernels, bitter almond oil can also be extracted from fruits like peaches and apricots. Due to the limited supply and higher cost of the natural form, the synthetic compound is often used in food and drink products.
Biobased content testing can determine whether the bitter almond oil has been made from a natural or synthetic source or is a mixture of both. Biobased content testing, however, cannot distinguish between the different natural sources.
Cinnamon oil vs Synthetic Cinnamaldehyde
Cinnamon oil is used in the food industry as flavoring and fragrance, as a fungicide and for its health benefits. Cinnamon oil can refer to two types – the stronger and more expensive to produce cinnamon bark oil and the cheaper cinnamon leaf oil and cassia oil. Given the high production price, it is cinnamon bark oil that runs the higher risk of being adulterated with a cheaper alternative.
Biobased content testing can verify whether cinnamon oil is made from its natural source or if it has been adulterated with synthetic cinnamaldehyde.
Natural Linalool from Essential Oil vs. Synthetic Linalool
Linalool is a key constituent of coriander oil, which in its natural form is extracted from seeds of the *Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum)* plant. Linalool is also a component of bergamot, lavender, mentha citrata and rosewood oils. The aroma chemical is used in fragrance and flavoring, preservatives, lotions and therapeutic medicines.
Biobased carbon testing can identify petro-chemically derived synthetic linalool, which is chemically the same as linalool distilled from lavender oil, but it is not botanical in origin. Biobased carbon testing, however, cannot distinguish the specific botanical origin of natural linalool or identify synthetic linalool manufactured from beta-Pinene, a by-product of the paper industry.
Thyme Essential Oil vs. Synthetic Thymol
Thyme essential oil has many medicinal properties. It contains thymol which gives the essential oil its antiseptic properties. Synthetic thymol is used as an antiseptic in mouthwashes and in general purpose disinfectants among many other applications.
Biobased carbon testing can differentiate between thyme essential oil (thymol chemotype) extracted from plants such as those belonging to the *Lamiaceae* family and synthetic thymol, which can be manufactured in the lab with very high purity (99.9+%) from petrochemical sources at a low cost.
Natural products testing using the Carbon-14 method can be used to screen these essential oils if they contain petrochemical-derived adulterants.
| **Essential Oil** | **Synthetic Adulterant** |
|---|---|
| [Bitter Almond Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/bitter-almond-oil-adulteration/) | Benzaldehyde |
| Cassia Oil | Cinnamaldehyde, Coumarin |
| Cinnamon Bark Oil | Cinnamaldehyde |
| Lemongrass Oil | Citral |
| Litsea Cubeba Oil |
| Cumin Fruit Oil | Cuminaldehyde |
| Basil Oils | Linalool |
| Bergamot Oil |
| Coriander Fruit Oil |
| Mentha Citrata Oil |
| Nutmeg Oil |
| Rosemary Oil |
| Rosewood Oil |
| [Peppermint Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/) | Menthol, Mineral Oil |
| Wintergreen Oil | Methyl Salicylate |
| Origanum Oil | Thymol |
| Thyme Oil |
## Beta Analytic’s Essential Oils Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality Carbon-14 analysis of essential oils. Results are reported between 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less.
The Miami-based lab reports results according to ISO 16620-2 (biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon) or ASTM D6866. For inquiries, [email or call the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
---
### [Carbon-14 Analysis of Curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/curcumin-analysis.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Turmeric powder, made from the plant Curcuma longa, consists of several different curcuminoids including curcumin. It has a distinctive yellow color and has various uses including flavoring, coloring, ingredients in cosmetics and as a supplement. As with many other natural ingredients, curcumin is subject to adulteration with the petroleum-derived synthetics and authentication is becoming crucial for manufacturers and suppliers.
## Curcumin Adulteration
Naturally sourced curcumin is extracted from [turmeric](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-vs-synthetic/). However, this process is more costly than producing synthetic curcumin from petroleum-derived compounds. Currently many synthetic production routes to curcumin are variations of Pabon’s method which originally used acetyl acetone and vanillin. Acetyl acetone is industrially produced from petrochemicals. Natural vanillin is scarce and expensive to produce but can also be manufactured synthetically with petrochemicals at a much lower cost.
The use of synthetic curcumin in formulations has potential regulatory repercussions. The drafted guidelines in August 2016 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on new dietary ingredients highlight that synthetic identicals of herbs or botanicals are not the same and therefore do not qualify as a dietary ingredient under 201(ff)(1)(C) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Given the regulatory implications and the economic incentive for adulteration, with the curcumin market predicted to reach $100 million by 2023, being able to reliably detect the presence of any synthetic curcumin is important for manufacturers and suppliers. Natural source authentication additionally provides a useful marketing tool to gain the trust of consumers.
## Detecting Adulteration with Carbon-14 Analysis
Carbon-14 analysis has proven to be an accurate tool to detect adulteration of natural curcumin with the petrochemical-derived synthetic version. According to the American Botanical Council:
The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.
Carbon-14, an unstable and weakly radioactive isotope of carbon, enters the carbon cycle from its continual formation in the upper atmosphere. As a result, since living or recently living things are part of the carbon cycle, they will have a known amount of Carbon-14. This radioisotope decays over time, and petroleum and its derivatives are too old such that they will not contain any Carbon-14. Therefore measuring Carbon-14 content gives a clear indication of the natural (biobased) content of a material like curcumin.
## Beta Analytic – A Natural Products Testing Laboratory
ISO 17025-accredited Beta Analytic provides high-quality and fast natural product source testing using Carbon-14 analysis according to two standards – ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2, which reports biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon (TC) or total organic carbon (TOC). Results are reported in 7 business days or less and can be accessed online 24/7 including QA reports and sample photos. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. For inquiries, please use Beta Analytic’s [contact form](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
**References:**
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) May 2018 (accessed June 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). June 2017 (accessed August 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). August 2016 (accessed July 2017).
*Last Updated June 2021*
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### [Carbon-14 Analysis of Flavors & Fragrances](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fragrances.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
For many of the flavors and fragrances in the market today, a food or drinks manufacturer has the choice between natural and synthetic variants. With the naturally sourced product often being more expensive, the synthetic counterpart is used by many companies.
Biobased content testing (Carbon-14 analysis) offers a means to distinguish between these two sources: natural or synthetic. Synthetic fragrances and flavors are usually manufactured from mineral sources such as petroleum. Fossil fuels, like petroleum, were formed millions of years ago and are therefore depleted in Carbon-14. By contrast naturally sourced materials will have a Carbon-14 content similar to that of modern-day plants. Therefore by measuring the Carbon-14 content of flavors and fragrances, it can be determined whether the material is naturally or synthetically sourced or if a reported 100% naturally sourced flavor or fragrance has been adulterated.
## Natural vs Artificial – Determining the Product Source
Vanilla
Natural source – Vanilla Beans (Vanilla planifolia)
Artificial vanilla – Lignin vanillin (by-product of paper industry), Ethyl vanillin (a coal tar derivative), Bio-vanillin (microbial fermentation derivative)
[Vanilla](https://www.betalabservices.com/vanilla-vanillin/) is very popular in the flavor and fragrance industry. Due to a high demand and low supply, it is very expensive. Most products use synthetic vanilla, the most common forms are lignin vanillin and ethyl vanillin.
Biobased content testing is able to distinguish vanilla bean extracts versus vanillin sourced from petrochemical derivatives. The test cannot determine if vanilla is sourced from vanilla beans or from other botanical precursors. Carbon stable isotope analysis is needed to further identify the source material.
Caffeine
Natural sources include – Coffee beans, Tea leaves, Guarana berries
Synthetic sources include – Chemical synthesis of urea
Caffeine is a giant in the food and drinks industry, be it in coffee and tea or soda. In recent years, there has been an ever-growing demand for caffeinated drinks including energy drinks, sports drinks and soda. In non-coffee/tea drinks, synthetically produced caffeine provides a cheap source.
Through biobased content testing, it can be determined if the caffeine is from a natural or synthetic petrochemical source. Biobased content testing cannot differentiate between the various natural sources of caffeine.
Acetic acid
Natural source – Fermentation of certain plants and fruits
Synthetic source – From synthetic alcohol
Acetic acid has a variety of uses. In a diluted form, it is used as a cleaning agent (vinegar). In the food industry, it is used as an acidity regulator and condiment.
To check for adulterated or fraudulent acetic acid, biobased content testing can be used. It can distinguish between naturally sourced acetic acid and the synthetically sourced from petrochemical feedstocks.
Tartaric acid
Natural source – Some fruits (commonly as a waste by-product from the winemaking industry)
Synthetic source – From maleic anhydride (synthetic L-(+)-tartaric acid)
The use of [tartaric acid](https://www.betalabservices.com/tartaric-acid/) spans the food industry, from wine and juice to baking. Both the natural and synthetic sources of tartaric acid are used commercially. Biobased content testing can differentiate between the two types and verify which material is naturally sourced.
## Beta Analytic Natural Product Testing Services
Miami-based Beta Analytic provides fast, high-quality biobased content testing for the fragrance and flavor industry. Biobased content results are reported between 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. The ISO 17025-accredited lab reports results according to international standards ISO 16620-2 (biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon) or ASTM D6866. For inquiries, [email or call the lab](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-contact.html).
---
### [Beta Analytic’s High-Quality Natural Products Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fraud-detection.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A material’s inherent radiocarbon (Carbon-14) levels can be used to assess its authenticity. As shown in numerous studies , Carbon-14 analyses can be used to differentiate natural products from their petrochemically-derived counterparts, including vanillin derived from vanilla beans, essential oils like cinnamon oil and bitter almond oil, caffeine from coffee or tea, acetic acid, citric acid, curcumin (turmeric extract), and edible oils like olive, sesame, corn, squalene, and rapeseed.
The use of Carbon-14 analyses to establish natural versus synthetic origin of consumer products is not new. It has been well established for decades as a useful and accurate tool. However, the outdated terms of dpm/g (disintegrations per minute per gram) or even radiocarbon age are now replaced with clearly understandable terminology that is easily marketed and understood by both regulators and consumers.
In 2011, the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention added biobased content testing to its [Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex") as a method for verifying the authenticity of natural ingredients in dietary supplements and food.
## How does Carbon-14 Detect Petroleum-derived Artificial Substances?
Standardized methods such as ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2 detect synthetic substances in materials through radiocarbon (Carbon-14) analysis. Materials sourced from nature have a known radiocarbon level. Products with petroleum-derived components, however, will have a significantly lower radiocarbon level. Many artificial additives in food, drinks, drugs, and cosmetics are petroleum-based, and these materials have no radiocarbon left.
For example, Product A wholly made from renewable sources (plant extracts) will be 100% biobased according to ISO 16620-2. For a blended product that is composed of a natural extract and a synthetic chemical compound, the test will yield a biobased carbon result between 0% and 100% proportional to the quantity of each of the two components in the blend.
Carbon-14 testing differentiates biobased content, that which is derived from recently living feedstocks such as plant material, from fossil-derived content. The test does not differentiate between the different ingredients contained but indicates the natural or synthetic origin of the carbon.
## Beta Analytic’s High-Quality Natural Products Authenticity Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic provides radiocarbon analyses to determine the percentage of natural versus synthetic content of flavors, additives, coloring, fragrances, cosmetics, dietary supplements, and other chemical components in food, drugs, and beverages.
The lab reports natural vs synthetic components of a product according to international standards ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2. Both standards include Carbon-14 analysis to measure the exact percentage of carbon in a material that comes from renewable sources or biomass.
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### [Are Natural Cosmetics Ingredients Free from Petrochemicals?](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/cosmetics.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Many cosmetics carry the labels “natural” or “petrochemical-free” to stand out from competition as the demand for products containing renewably sourced ingredients continues to grow. Due to the complexity of sourcing various ingredients from around the world and the large range of choices available, it is in the interest of manufacturers and distributors to have analytical proof that the ingredients used to make natural cosmetics do not contain petrochemical-derived substances.
Synthetic ingredients used as emollients, emulsifiers, humectants, preservatives and surfactants in cosmetic products are usually sourced from petroleum derivatives. Their natural counterparts are oftentimes more expensive. This is especially true for [essential oils](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/oils.html). The demand for natural essential oils and fluctuating crop availability or quality make their prices significantly higher than the synthetic variety.
To make sure that the natural ingredient procured is not fake or adulterated with cheaper petrochemical compounds, a manufacturer’s quality control measures should include natural product source testing using Carbon-14.
## Verifying Petrochemical-Free Ingredients
Radiocarbon-based standardized analytical methods such as ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2 can be used to verify that a cosmetic ingredient is devoid of petrochemicals. Results of ISO 16620-2 testing show the percentage of the carbon in a product that comes from natural sources (biobased carbon) versus the synthetic (petroleum-derived carbon).
Materials sourced from nature have a known radiocarbon (Carbon-14) level. Blended substances with both petroleum-derived and renewably sourced components, however, will have a significantly lower radiocarbon level. Chemicals that are 100% sourced from petroleum derivatives have no radiocarbon left. Because of these distinctions, measuring the radiocarbon content of a material can be a reliable tool in proving that it is indeed free from petrochemicals.
For example, Ingredient A wholly made from renewable sources (e.g. plant extracts) will be 100% biobased according to ISO 16620-2. Ingredient B, composed of 60% plant-based extract and 40% petroleum-based, will have a biobased percentage significantly less than 100%. For a cosmetic ingredient to be petrochemical-free, it must be 100% biobased.
## Beta Analytic’s Fast Cosmetics Testing
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-accredited Beta Analytic measures isotopic ratios and reports results for natural products source testing according to ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon. The Miami-based lab provides results in 7 business days or less. A priority service is available for results required in 4 business days or less. Results can be accessed online 24/7 including QA reports and sample photos.
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### [방사성탄소 (Carbon-14) 분석 : 위조 탐지 수단](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fraud-detection.html)
**Published:** October 17, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
한 물질에 들어있는 방사성탄소의 수준을 통해 물질의 진위 여부를 측정할 수 있다. 여러 실험을 통해 보여주는 것 처럼, 방사성탄소 분석은 석유 화학 기반 원료와 자연산 원료의 차이점을 알려준다. 여기에는 바닐라 콩에서 생긴 바닐린, 계피 오일과 비터 알몬드 오일과 같은 에센샬 오일, 커피나 차의 카페인 아세트 산, 구여산, 커류민 (강황 추출물), 올리브 오일, 참 기름, 콩 기름, 스쿼알렌, 유채씨와 같은 식용 기름이 포함된다.
고객들이 사용하는 제품에 대한 자연산 대비 합성 원료에 대한 방사성탄소 분석 기법의 사용은 사실 새로운 것은 아니다. 쉽게 사용 가능하고 정확한 실험 방법으로 수십년 동안 사용해 왔다. 하지만 최신화된 dpm/g (disintegrations per minute per gram) 단위 혹은 방사성탄소 연대가 규제 기관이나 소비자들에게 보다 쉽게 이해되도록 쉬운 용어로 대치된 덕분이다.
2011년 미국 Pharmacopeial Convention은 식품 및 건강 보조 식품의 자연산 원료 진위 여부를 증명하는 방법으로 미국 식품화학 물질 규격집 ([Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex"))에 이 바이오기반 함량 측정 실험을 추가했다.
## 방사성탄소가 석유 기반 인공 물질을 탐지하는 방법
ASTM D6866 and ISO 16620-2 와 같은 실험 표준 방식은 방사성탄소 (탄소 14) 분석을 통해 물질 내 합성 성분을 탐지합니다. 자연에서 온 물질의 방사성탄소 수준은 이미 알려져 있으며, 석유 기반 물질을 가진 제품의 방사성탄소 함량을 현저히 적다. 식품, 음료, 의약품, 화장품에 들어있는 많은 첨ㅁ가제들은 거의 석유 기반 물질이며, 이들에게는 방사성탄소가 거의 없다. .
예를 들어 전체 재생 원료 (식물 추출물) 로 만든 제품 A는 ISO 16620-2에 따르면 100% 바이오기반이다. 자연산 원료와 합성 화학 원료를 혼합한 제품의 경우, 두 원료의 량에 따라 바이오기반 탄소의 함량이 0%에서 100%일 것이다.
방사성탄소 실험은 최근까지 살았던 식물과 같은 원료에서 온 것인지, 화석 기반 원료인지 바이오기반 함량에서 차이를 구별지게 한다. 이 실험은 포함되어 있는 원료들을 구별짓지는 못하며, 탄소의 기원이 자연산인지 합성인지만 구별할 수 있다. .
## Beta 연구소의 고품격 자연산 제품의 진위 여부 실험
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 조미료, 첨가제, 색소제, 향료제, 화장품, 건강 보조 식품, 식품, 의약품, 음료품의 화학 성분들의 자연산 대비 합성 원료 함량을 측정하기 위한 방사성탄소 분석 서비스를 제공하고 있다.
본 연구소는 국제적 표준 방식인 ASTM D6866 나 ISO 16620-2에 따라 제품의 천연 대비 합성 성분을 분석 보고하며, 이 두 표준 방식에는 재생 혹은 바이오매스에서 온 물질의 정확한 탄소 퍼센트를 측정하는 방사성탄소 분석법이 포함되어 있습니다.
---
### [Análise por carbono-14: Uma ferramenta para a detecção de fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/deteccao-de-fraudes.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
É possível avaliar a autenticidade de um material com a análise de seus níveis inerentes de radiocarbono (carbono-14). Como já foi demonstrado em inúmeros estudos, as análises por carbono-14 podem ser aplicadas para diferenciar produtos naturais de seus equivalentes derivados de petroquímicos. Isso inclui vanilina de grãos de baunilha, óleos essenciais como o óleo de canela e o óleo de amêndoa amarga, cafeína de café ou chá, ácido acético, ácido cítrico, curcumina (extrato de açafrão-da-terra), e óleos comestíveis, como o de oliva, gergelim, milho, esqualeno e canola.
O emprego da análise por carbono-14 para estabelecer a origem natural e a origem sintética em produtos de consumo não é algo novo. Ele já está firmado há décadas como uma ferramenta útil e precisa. Hoje, os termos desatualizados dpm/g (desintegrações por minuto por grama) e até mesmo idade por radiocarbono já foram substituídos por uma terminologia claramente compreensível, que pode ser facilmente comercializada e entendida tanto por reguladores quanto por consumidores.
Em 2011, a Convenção Farmacopeica dos Estados Unidos incluiu a análise de conteúdo de base biológica ao Código de Produtos Químicos Alimentícios ([FCC](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex")) como método para verificar a autenticidade de ingredientes naturais em suplementos dietéticos e alimentos.
## Como o carbono-14 detecta substâncias artificiais derivadas de petróleo?
Métodos padronizados, como o ASTM D6866 e o ISO 16620-2, detectam substâncias sintéticas em materiais através da análise por radiocarbono (carbono-14). Os materiais originários da natureza têm um nível de radiocarbono conhecido. Os produtos contendo componentes derivados do petróleo, entretanto, têm um nível de radiocarbono consideravelmente mais baixo. Muitos dos aditivos artificiais utilizados em alimentos, bebidas, medicamentos e cosméticos são à base de petróleo, e esses materiais encontram-se esgotados de radiocarbono.
Por exemplo, o Produto A, totalmente produzido a partir de fontes renováveis (extratos de plantas) será 100% de base biológica, segundo o ISO 16620-2. Para um produto misturado, composto de um extrato natural e um composto químico sintético, a análise mostrará um resultado de carbono de base biológica entre 0% e 100%, proporcional à quantidade de cada um dos dois componentes na mistura.
A análise por carbono-14 é capaz de diferenciar o conteúdo de base biológica, derivado de matérias-primas recentemente vivas, como materiais de plantas, do conteúdo de origem fóssil. A análise não diferencia entre os diferentes ingredientes contidos, mas indica a origem natural ou sintética do carbono.
## As análises de alta qualidade do Beta Analytic provam a autenticidade de produtos naturais
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e oferece análises de radiocarbono para determinar a porcentagem do conteúdo natural e sintético em agentes de sabor, aditivos, corantes, aromas, cosméticos e suplementos dietéticos, além de outros componentes químicos em alimentos, medicamentos e bebidas.
O laboratório reporta os componentes naturais e sintéticos de um produto segundo os padrões internacionais ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2. Ambos os padrões requerem a análise por carbono-14 para medir a porcentagem exata de carbono de um material originário de fontes renováveis ou de biomassa.
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### [Analisi al carbonio-14: uno strumento per individuare i prodotti contraffatti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/rilevazione-contraffazione.html)
**Published:** October 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
I livelli di radiocarbonio (carbonio-14) di un materiale possono essere sfruttati per verificare la sua autenticità. Come provato da numerosi studi, l’analisi al carbonio-14 può essere utilizzata per distinguere i prodotti naturali dai loro equivalenti derivati dal petrolio, ad esempio la vanillina derivata dai baccelli di vaniglia, gli oli essenziali come l’olio di cannella e l’olio di mandorla amara, la caffeina derivata dal caffè o dal the, l’acido acetico, l’acido citrico, la curcumina (estratta dalla curcuma), gli oli alimentari come quelli di oliva, di sesamo, di mais o di colza e lo squalene.
L’impiego dell’analisi al carbonio-14 per stabilire l’origine, sintetica o naturale, dei prodotti di consumo non è una novità. È un metodo utile e accurato che viene utilizzato da decenni. Tuttavia, i termini dpm/g (disintegrazioni per minuto per grammo) o età radiocarbonica, ormai obsoleti, sono stati sostituiti da terminologia più chiara, facilmente utilizzabile sul mercato e comprensibile sia per gli enti normativi sia per i consumatori.
Nel 2011, la U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention ha aggiunto l’analisi del carbonio biobased al suo [Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex"), come metodo per la verifica dell’autenticità degli ingredienti naturali di alimenti e integratori.
## In che modo il carbonio-14 identifica le sostanze derivate dal petrolio?
I metodi standard come ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2 rilevano la presenza di sostanze sintetiche nei materiali attraverso l’analisi al carbonio-14. I materiali derivati da fonti naturali hanno livelli di radiocarbonio conosciuti. I prodotti che contengono sostanze di origine petrolchimica presentano livelli di radiocarbonio significativamente inferiori. Molti degli additivi artificiali presenti negli alimenti, nelle bevande, nei medicinali e nei cosmetici derivano dal petrolio e non contengono perciò alcuna traccia di radiocarbonio.
Ad esempio, un Prodotto A completamente derivato da fonti rinnovabili (estratti vegetali) sarà 100% biobased/naturale secondo lo standard ISO 16620-2. Per un prodotto composto da una miscela di estratti naturali e composti chimici sintetici, il test restituirà un valore di carbonio naturale compreso tra 0% e 100%.
L’analisi al carbonio-14 distingue il contenuto naturale, ovvero derivato da materiale recente come le piante, dal contenuto fossile. Il test non può distinguere i diversi ingredienti presenti, ma identifica l’origine, naturale o sintetica, del carbonio.
## Analisi di alta qualità per la verifica dell’autenticità dei prodotti naturali
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio di analisi certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e fornisce servizi di analisi al radiocarbonio per determinare il contenuto percentuale naturale, in rapporto a quello sintetico, di aromi, additivi, coloranti, fragranze, cosmetici, integratori alimentari e altri componenti chimici di alimenti, medicinali e bevande.
Il laboratorio riporta i componenti naturali di un prodotto, in rapporto a quelli sintetici, in conformità a standard internazionali come ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2. Entrambi gli standard sfruttano l’analisi al carbonio-14 per misurare la percentuale esatta di carbonio derivato da fonti rinnovabili (o biomassa).
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### [L’analyse au Carbone-14 - Un outil pour la détection des fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/detection-des-fraudes.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Les niveaux de radiocarbone (carbone 14) d’un matériau peuvent être utilisés pour vérifier son authenticité. Comme indiqué dans plusieurs études, les analyses au carbone-14 peuvent être utilisées pour différencier les produits naturels de leurs équivalents dérivés de la pétrochimie, dont la vanilline dérivée de gousses de vanille, des huiles essentielles comme la cannelle ou l’huile d’amande amère, la caféine provenant du café ou du thé, l’acide acétique, l’acide citrique, la curcumine (extrait de curcuma), ainsi que les huiles alimentaires comme l’huile d’olive, de sésame, de maïs, de squalène et de graines de colza.
L’utilisation des analyses au carbone 14 pour établir l’origine naturelle par opposition à l’origine synthétique des produits de consommation n’est pas nouvelle. Depuis des décennies, ces analyses ont été établies comme un outil très utile et précis. Cependant, la terminologie désuète de dpm/g (désintégrations par minute et par gramme) ou encore l’âge radiocarbone sont maintenant remplacés par une terminologie claire et compréhensible qui est facilement commercialisable et comprise autant par les régulateurs que par les consommateurs.
En 2011, la Convention sur la pharmacopée des Etats-Unis (U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention) a ajouté l’analyse de la teneur biosourcée à son Codex des produits chimiques alimentaires ([Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex")) comme méthode permettant de vérifier l’authenticité des ingrédients naturels dans les compléments alimentaires et les aliments.
## Comment le carbone 14 permet-il de détecter les substances artificielles dérivées du pétrole?
Les méthodes normalisées telles que l’ASTM D6866 et ISO 16620-2 permettent de détecter les substances synthétiques dans des matériaux à l’aide de l’analyse du radiocarbone (Carbone 14). Les matériaux d’origine naturelle ont un niveau radiocarbone connu. Les produits avec des composés dérivés du pétrole, par contre, ont un niveau radiocarbone significativement inférieur. De nombreux additifs artificiels dans les aliments, les boissons, les médicaments et les cosmétiques sont à base de pétrole, et ces matériaux n’ont plus de radiocarbone.
Par exemple, un produit A entièrement issu de sources renouvelables (extraits végétaux) sera 100% biosourcé selon l’ISO 16620-2. Pour un produit mélangé composé d’un extrait naturel et d’un produit chimique synthétique, l’analyse donnera un résultat biosourcé entre 0% et 100% proportionnellement à la quantité de chacun des deux composants dans le mélange.
L’analyse au carbone 14 permet de différencier la teneur biosourcée, qui est dérivée de matières premières vivantes récemment comme les plantes, de la teneur d’origine fossile. L’analyse ne différencie pas les différents ingrédients contenus par le mélange, mais indique l’origine naturelle ou synthétique du carbone.
## Analyses d’authenticité de produits naturels de haute qualité fournies par Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, propose des analyses radiocarbone pour déterminer le pourcentage de contenu naturel par opposition au contenu synthétique des arômes, additifs, colorants, parfums, cosmétiques, compléments alimentaires, ainsi que d’autres composés chimiques des aliments, médicaments et boissons.
Le laboratoire indique les composants naturels d’un produit par rapport aux composants synthétiques selon les normes internationales ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2. Les deux normes utilisent l’analyse du carbone 14 pour mesurer le pourcentage exact de carbone issu de sources renouvelables ou de la biomasse dans un matériau.
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### [Análisis de carbono 14: Una herramienta para la detección de fraudes](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/deteccion-de-fraudes.html)
**Published:** October 13, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Los niveles inherentes de radiocarbono (carbono 14) de un material pueden ser usados para evaluar su autenticidad. Como demuestran numerosos estudios, los análisis de carbono 14pueden usarse para diferenciar los productos naturales de sus contrapartes derivadas de petroquímicos, como la vainillina derivada de los granos de vainilla, los aceites esenciales como el aceite de canela y el aceite de almendras amargas, la cafeína del café o té, el ácido acético, el ácido cítrico, la curcumina (extracto de la cúrcuma), y plantas comestibles como el olivo, sésamo, maíz, escualeno y colza.
El uso de los análisis de carbono 14 para establecer el origen natural frente al origen sintético de un producto no es nuevo. Se ha establecido como una herramienta útil y precisa por décadas. Sin embargo, los términos anticuados de dpm/g (desintegraciones por minuto por gramo) o incluso el de edad de radiocarbono están siendo reemplazados con una terminología claramente entendible que puede comercializarse fácilmente y ser entendida tanto por reguladores como consumidores.
En 2011, la Convención Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos (U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention) añadió el análisis del contenido de origen biológico a su Códice de Sustancias Químicas para Alimentos ([Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex")) como un método para verificar la autenticidad de ingredientes naturales en suplementos dietéticos y alimentos.
## ¿Cómo puede el carbono 14 detectar las sustancias artificiales derivadas del petróleo?
Los métodos estandarizados como los de la norma ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2 detectan las sustancias sintéticas de un material por medio del análisis de radiocarbono (Carbono-14). Los materiales obtenidos de la naturaleza tienen un nivel de radiocarbono conocido. En contraste, los productos con componentes derivados del petróleo tendrán un nivel de radiocarbono significativamente más bajo. Muchos aditivos artificiales en alimentos, bebidas, medicamentos y cosméticos son derivados del petróleo, y en estos materiales no existe radiocarbono.
Por ejemplo, un producto A elaborado completamente a partir de fuentes renovables (extractos de plantas) será 100% de origen biológico conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2. Para un producto mixto compuesto de un extracto natural y un compuesto químico sintético, la prueba arrojará un resultado de carbono de origen biológico de entre 0 y 100% en función de la cantidad de cada uno de los componentes en la mezcla.
El análisis de carbono 14 diferencia el contenido de origen biológico, aquél derivado de materias primas con una vida reciente como los materiales vegetales, del contenido de origen fósil. El análisis no distingue entre los diferentes ingredientes contenidos, pero revela el origen natural o sintético del carbono.
## El análisis de autenticidad de productos naturales de alta calidad de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, proporciona análisis de radiocarbono para determinar el porcentaje de contenido natural con respecto al sintético de sabores, aditivos, colorantes, aromas, cosméticos, suplementos dietéticos y otros componentes químicos en alimentos, medicamentos y bebidas.
El laboratorio determina los componentes naturales frente a los componentes sintéticos de un producto conforme a las normas internacionales ASTM D6866 o ISO 16620-2. Ambas normas incorporan el análisis de carbono 14 como método para medir el porcentaje exacto de carbono en un material que proviene de fuentes renovables o biomasa.
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### [Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse: Ein Werkzeug zur Aufdeckung von Betrug](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/betrug-aufdecken.html)
**Published:** October 21, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Das Radiokohlenstoff (Kohlenstoff-14) Niveau eines Materials kann dazu verwendet werden, um die Echtheit zu prüfen. Wie in zahlreichen Studien gezeigt, können Kohlenstoff-14 Analysen dazu verwendet werden, um zwischen natürlichen Produkten und ihren petrochemischen Gegenstücken zu unterscheiden, inklusive Vanillin gewonnen aus Vanilleschoten, ätherische Öle wie z.B. Zimtöl und Bittermandelöl, Koffein aus Kaffee oder Tee, Essigsäure, Zitronensäure, Curcumin (Kurkuma-Extrakt) und Speiseöle wie z.B. Oliven, Sesam-, Mais-,Squalen-, und Rapsöl.
Die Verwendung von Kohlenstoff-14 Analysen, um die Herkunft von natürlichen mit synthetischen Produkten vergleichen zu können ist nicht neu. Die Analysen sind seit Jahrzehnten als nützliches und präzises Werkzeug etabliert. Allerdings werden die veralteten Begriffe wie dpm/g (Zerfall pro Minute pro Gramm) oder sogar das Radiokohlenstoffalter durch neue und klar verständliche Terminologie ersetzt, die leicht in Umlauf gebracht wird und gleichermaßen von Aufsichtsbehörden und Verbrauchern verstanden werden kann.
Im Jahre 2011 fügte die U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention die Prüfung des biobasierten Anteils ihrem [Food Chemicals Codex](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/fcc.html "Food Chemicals Codex") als eine Methode zur Verifizierung der Echtheit von natürlichen Zutaten in Nahrungsergänzungsmittel und Lebensmitteln hinzu.
## Wie erkennt Kohlenstoff-14 künstliche und erdölbasierte Substanzen?
Standardisierte Methoden wie etwa ASTM D6866 und ISO 16620-2 erkennen synthetische Substanzen in Materialien mittels der Radiokohlenstoff (Kohlenstoff-14) Analyse. Materialien, die aus der Natur stammen verfügen über ein bekanntest Radiokohlenstoff-Niveau. Produkte, die allerdings aus erdölbasierten Komponenten bestehen, verfügen über ein deutlich niedrigeres Radiokohlenstoff-Niveau. Viele künstliche Zusätze in Lebensmitteln, Getränken, Medikamenten und Kosmetika sind erdölbasiert. Diese Materialien weisen kein Radiokohlenstoff mehr auf.
Beispiel: Produkt A wurde komplett aus erneuerbaren Quellen (Pflanzenextrakte) gefertigt und ist folglich auch 100% biobasiert nach ISO 16620-2. Die Prüfung eines gemischten Produkts, das aus einem natürlichen Extrakt und einer synthetischen Verbindung gefertigt wurde, wird ein biobasiertes Kohlenstoffergebnis zwischen 0% und 100% ergeben, proportional zu den quantitativen Anteilen der beiden Komponenten in der Mischung.
Die Kohlenstoff-14 Prüfung differenziert zwischen dem biobasierten Anteil, der von kürzlich lebendem Material stammt, wie z.B. Pflanzenmaterial und dem fossilen Anteil. Die Prüfung unterscheidet nicht zwischen den verschiedenen Zutaten, bestimmt aber den natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprung des Kohlenstoffs.
## Beta Analytics hoch-qualitative Echtheitsprüfung für natürliche Produkte
Beta Analytic ist ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und liefert Radiokohlenstoff-Analysen zur Bestimmung des Prozentsatzes von natürlichen und synthetischen Anteilen in Aromen, Zusatzstoffen, Farbstoffen, Duftstoffen, Kosmetika, Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln und anderen chemischen Komponenten in Lebensmitteln, Medikamenten und Getränken.
Unser Labor berichtet Ergebnisse über natürliche und synthetische Komponenten eines Produktes gemäß den internationalen Standards ASTM D6866 oder ISO 16620-2. Beide Standards enthalten eine Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse zur Messung des genauen Kohlenstoffanteils in einem Material, das aus erneuerbaren Quellen oder aus Biomasse stammt.
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### [天然化妝品原料是否含有石化衍生成分？](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/natural-products/cosmetics.html)
**Published:** March 30, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
隨著含有可再生來源成分的產品需求日益增長，很多化妝品都使用“天然”或“零石化合成成分”的標籤來新增自身產品的市場競爭力。由於採購來自全球各地的原料成分其複雜性和可供選擇的範圍很大，所以能够經由測試證明自己天然化妝品產品成分原料中不含石化衍生物，對於製造商和經銷商來說是非常有利的。
化妝品中的潤膚劑、乳化劑、保濕劑、防腐劑和界面活性劑等成分的合成成分通常來源於石化衍生物。同類的天然來源成分相對而言往往更昂貴，尤其是[精油](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/oils.html)。天然精油的需求和來源作物的產量與品質波動使得其價格遠遠高於其他同類合成產品。
確保採購的天然原料成分沒有摻雜更廉價的石油衍生成分，製造商的品質控制措施應該包括使用碳-14進行的天然產品來源測試。
## 驗證非石化衍生原料
利用放射性碳原理的標準測試方法，比如ASTM D6866和ISO 16620-2可以用來驗證化妝品原料中不含石化成分。 ISO 16620-2測試結果顯示受測產品中天然來源（生質碳）與合成來源（石化衍生碳）的碳百分比。
天然來源的原料含有一個已知的放射性碳（碳-14）含量。然而，同時含有石化來源成分和可再生來源成分的混合物質則含有相對較低的放射性碳含量。100%源於石化衍生物的物質則不含放射性碳。正因為這些區別，測量樣品中的放射性碳含量是一個可以證明產品中不含石化衍生成分的可靠工具。
例如，A原料完全來源於可再生成分（例如植物萃取物），根據ISO 16620-2它將會是100%生質含量。B原料中60%源於植物萃取物和40%源於石化衍生成分，則它將是明顯低於100%的生質含量。對於純天然的化妝品原料而言，則必須含有100%的生質含量。
## BETA實驗室快速的化妝品測試
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認證的BETA實驗室測試碳同位素比並且根據ASTM D6866或ISO 16620-2 8.3.2：生質碳含量占總碳含量或總有機碳含量的百分比標準出具天然產品來源測試結果報告。 實驗室總部位於邁阿密，可在5-7個工作日提供測試結果，優先服務僅需4個工作天或更少即可交付報告。 並支援24小時上網下載結果報告，包含品質保證報告和測試樣品照片。
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### [天然化粧品の原材料には石油化学製品は含まれていないのでしょうか？](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/cosmetics.html)
**Published:** April 25, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
再生可能な原材料を含む製品への需要が高まり、市場競争が激しくなる中、多くの化粧品が“天然” または “石油化学系フリー”とラベルで謳っています。原材料は世界で多様化、複雑化し、結果として選択肢が多くなっています。そのため、天然化粧品が石油化学由来の物質を含まないことが分析され、証明されることへの関心がメーカーや流通業者の間で高まっています。
柔軟化粧水、乳化剤、保湿剤、保存料、界面活性剤といった化粧品の合成原料は通常石油由来です。それらに代わる天然の原料はより高価な場合が多いです。これは特に [エッセンシャルオイル](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/oils.html)に言えることです。 天然のエッセンシャルオイルへの高まる需要と、その不安定な供給状態のために、その価格は合成のものよりもはるかに高くなっています。
調達した天然の原料が偽物であるかどうか、あるいは安価な石油化学成分と偽和されていないかどうかを確認するためには、メーカーは、品質管理の一環としてCarbon-14（炭素14）を使った天然由来製品の起源証明試験を実施するべきです。
## 原料が石油化学フリーであることを証明する
標準化された放射性炭素を用いた分析方法（例：ASTM D 6866、ISO 16620-2 ）は、化粧品の原料に石油化学系の物質が含まれていないことを証明するために用いることができます。ISO 16620-2試験の結果では、製品の原料における天然由来炭素の割合（バイオベース炭素含有率）vs 合成（石油由来）由来炭素の割合をご報告します。
天然由来の物質には一定の濃度の放射性炭素 (Carbon-14)が含まれています。一方、石油由来成分と再生可能成分が共に含まれる原料では、著しく低い放射性炭素濃度を示します。100％石油由来の化学物質には放射性炭素は含まれていません。こうした違いにより、物質の放射性炭素の濃度を測定することは石油化学由来の原料が含まれていないということを証明する信頼できるツールとなりえるのです。
例えば、再生可能物質からのみ成る原料A （例： 植物からの抽出物）は、 ISO 16620-2では100％バイオベース炭素含有率を示します。60％が植物由来で、40％が石油由来の原料Bは、100％以下のバイオベース炭素含有率を示します。石油化学フリーであることを謳う化粧品は、100％バイオベース炭素含有率でないといけません。
## Beta Analyticの迅速な化粧品試験
ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定試験機関Beta Analytic社では、同位体比を測定し、全炭素量（TC）または全有機体炭素量（TOC）に対するバイオベース炭素含有率に関する国際規格 ISO 16620-2 8.3.2またはASTM D6866に準拠した天然由来証明試験の結果をご報告いたします。 マイアミに拠点を置くBeta Analyticは、5～7営業日で結果を報告します。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。 結果はオンラインで常時確認でき、QAレポート、試料の写真も閲覧が可能です。
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### [천연 화장품 성분에 석유 합성 물질이 들어있는지 확인?](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/cosmetics.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
대부분의 화장품들의 포장지에는 천연 성분 함유 제품에 대한 수요가 늘어남에 따라 “천연, 내추럴” 혹은 “화학 합성 물질 불포함”이라 쓰여 있습니다. 다양한 원료들이 세계 각국에서 오고, 종류도 다양하기 때문에 화장품 제조업자나 판매업자들 입장에서는 화학 합성 원료가 포함되지 않은 천연 화장품의 원료들의 성분 분석에 많은 관심을 가질 수 밖에 없습니다.
화장품에 많이 들어있는 피부 연화제, 유화제, 보습제, 방부제, 계면 활성제로 쓰이는 합성 성분은 대부분 석유 부산물에서 옵니다. 대신 이들의 천연 원료는 상당히 가격이 비쌉니다. 특히 에센스 오일 ([essential oils](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/oils.html))의 가격은 비쌉니다. 꾸준한 수요 증가 및 작황 상태에 따라 가격 변동이 심합니다.
이러한 천연 원료들이 값싼 석유 합성물질로 대치되었는지 여부를 확인하는 것은 제조업체의 품질 관리 측면에서 상당히 중요하며, 방사성탄소 (C14)을 이용한 천연 원료 성분 검사를 해야 하는 이유입니다.
## 합성 화학 물질 불함유 성분의 증명 수단
방사성탄소 분석을 기반으로 하는 ASTM D6866 와 ISO 16620-2 같은 표준 분석 방식은 화장품 원료 중 석유화학 유래 성분이 있는지 여부를 확인하는데 쓰입니다. ISO 16620-2 실험 보고서는 천연 유래 (바이오기반 탄소) 대비 합성 유래 (석유 유래 탄소) 탄소 퍼센트를 보여줍니다.
천연 물질에는 이미 알려져있는 수준의 방사성탄소(Carbon-14)가 있습니다. 만약 천연 물질과 석유 파생 물질이 혼합된 물질의 경우, 상당히 낮은 방사성탄소를 가지고 있을 것입니다. 100% 석유 파생 원료의 화학물질은 방사성탄소가 하나도 없습니다. 이 차이로 인해 어떤 물질의 방사성탄소를 측정해 보면 석유 합성 물질이 있는지 없는지 여부를 할 수 있습니다.
예를 들어 천연 원료 (즉 식물 추출물)로 만들어진 A 성분은 ISO 16620-2 실험 결과 100%이지만. 60%의 식물 추출물과 40%의 석유 파생 물질이 혼합된 B 성분은 100%가 안됩니다. 합성 화학 물질이 함유되지 않은 화장품은 실험 결과가 반드시 100% 바이오기반이어야 합니다.
## Beta 연구소의 신속한 화장품 테스트
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 동위원소 비를 측정하며, ASTM D6866 or ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: biobased carbon content as a fraction of total carbon or total organic carbon. 에 따라 천연 유래 제품 실험 보고서를 만들어 드립니다. 모든 결과는 시료 사진과 QA 리포트와 함께 온라인 상에서 언제든지 확인 가능합니다.
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### [Os ingredientes naturais de cosméticos estão livres de petroquímicos?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/cosmeticos.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Muitos cosméticos apresentam rótulos constando os termos “natural” ou “livre de petroquímicos” para se destacar da concorrência, enquanto cresce a demanda por produtos contendo ingredientes de fontes renováveis. Devido à complexidade de procedência, à variedade de ingredientes de todo o mundo e à amplitude de opções disponíveis, é de interesse dos fabricantes e distribuidores obter provas analíticas de que os ingredientes utilizados para a fabricação de cosméticos naturais não contêm substâncias derivadas de petroquímicos.
Ingredientes sintéticos utilizados, como emolientes, emulsionantes, humectantes, conservantes e surfactantes, são normalmente provindos de derivados de petróleo. Seus equivalentes naturais são normalmente mais caros. Isso se aplica especialmente a [óleos essenciais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/oleos.html). A demanda por óleos essenciais naturais e a disponibilidade e qualidade flutuantes de safras tornam seus preços consideravelmente mais altos do que as variedades sintéticas.
Para garantir que o ingrediente natural procurado não é falsificado ou adulterado com compostos mais baratos de petroquímicos, as medidas de qualidade dos fabricantes deverão compreender a análise de origem de produtos naturais com o carbono-14.
## Verificando os ingredientes livres de petroquímicos
Os métodos analíticos padronizados baseados em radiocarbono, como o ASTM D6866 e o ISO 16620-2, podem ser utilizados para verificar se um ingrediente cosmético é livre de petroquímicos. Os resultados das análises segundo o ISO 16620-2 mostram a porcentagem do carbono proveniente de fontes naturais (carbono de base biológica) em relação ao carbono sintético (derivado do petróleo) contida em um produto.
Os materiais provenientes da natureza apresentam um nível conhecido de radiocarbono (carbono-14). Substâncias mistas, contendo componentes tanto derivados do petróleo quanto de fontes renováveis, portanto, apresentam um nível de radiocarbono consideravelmente menor. Químicos que são 100% provenientes de derivados de petróleo não contêm mais traços de radiocarbono. Por causa dessas distinções, a medição do teor de radiocarbono em um material é uma ferramenta confiável para se comprovar que o material é realmente livre de petroquímicos.
Por exemplo, o ingrediente A, totalmente originário de fontes renováveis (como extratos de plantas), será 100% de base biológica, segundo o ISO 16620-2. O ingrediente B, composto de 60% de extrato vegetal e 40% de composto à base de petróleo, apresentará uma porcentagem de base biológica muito menor do que 100%. Para que um ingrediente seja livre de petroquímicos, ele deverá ser 100% de base biológica.
## Análises rápidas para cosméticos com o Beta Analytic
O Beta Analytic é acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017. O laboratório realiza medições de razões isotópicas e reporta resultados para análises de origem de produtos naturais de acordo com os padrões ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: conteúdo de carbono de base biológica como fração do carbono total ou do carbono orgânico total. O laboratório é localizado em Miami e apresenta resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis. Os resultados podem ser acessados 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, e incluem relatórios de controle de qualidade e fotografias das amostras.
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### [Gli ingredienti dei cosmetici naturali sono liberi da sostanze petrolchimiche?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/cosmetici.html)
**Published:** March 29, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Data la costante crescita della domanda di prodotti contenenti ingredienti derivati da fonti rinnovabili, molti cosmetici sono etichettati come “naturali” o “senza sostanze petrolchimiche” per distinguerli dalla concorrenza. A causa della complessità dell’approvvigionamento di vari ingredienti provenienti da tutto il mondo e della vasta scelta disponibile, è nell’interesse dei produttori e dei distributori avere una prova analitica dell’assenza di sostanze petrolchimiche negli ingredienti utilizzati.
Gli ingredienti sintetici utilizzati come emollienti, emulsionanti, umettanti, conservanti e tensioattivi nell’industria cosmetica derivano, solitamente, dal petrolio. I loro equivalenti naturali sono spesso più costosi. Questo è vero soprattutto per gli [oli essenziali](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/oli.html). La domanda di oli essenziali naturali e le fluttuazioni nella disponibilità e nella qualità delle piante che ne rappresentano la materia prima fanno sì che il loro prezzo sia molto più alto di quello delle alternative sintetiche.
Per verificare che un ingrediente naturale acquistato non sia contraffatto o adulterato con sostanze petrolchimiche più economiche, il controllo qualità effettuato dai produttori dovrebbe includere l’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali attraverso il carbonio-14.
## Analisi degli ingredienti senza sostanze petrolchimiche
I metodi analitici standard che si basano sull’analisi del radiocarbonio, come ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2, possono essere utilizzati per verificare che un ingrediente cosmetico sia privo di sostanze petrolchimiche. I risultati dell’analisi ISO 16620-2 mostrano la percentuale di carbonio derivato da fonti naturali (carbonio biobased) in contrapposizione a quella sintetica (carbonio derivato da petrolio).
I materiali derivati da fonti naturali presentano livelli di radiocarbonio (carbonio-14) conosciuti. Le miscele che contengono sia sostanze di origine petrolchimica sia componenti derivati da fonti rinnovabili, tuttavia, presentano livelli di radiocarbonio significativamente inferiori. Le sostanze chimiche provenienti al 100% da sostanze derivate dal petrolio non contengono radiocarbonio. Grazie a queste differenze, la misurazione del radiocarbonio presente in un materiale rappresenta uno strumento affidabile per provare che questo sia davvero libero da sostanze petrolchimiche.
Ad esempio, un Ingrediente A completamente derivato da fonti rinnovabili (estratti vegetali) sarà 100% biobased/naturale secondo lo standard ISO 16620-2. Un Ingrediente B, composto al 60% da estratti vegetali e al 40% da derivati del petrolio, avrà un contenuto biobased percentuale molto inferiore al 100%. Un ingrediente cosmetico davvero libero da sostanze petrolchimiche dovrà risultare biobased al 100%.
## Le analisi rapide di Beta Analytic per l’industria cosmetica
Il laboratorio di Beta Analytic, un’azienda certificata ISO/IEC 17025:2017, misura i rapporti isotopici e riporta i risultati dell’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali in conformità con ASTM D6866 o ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenuto di carbonio biobased come frazione del carbonio totale o del carbonio organico totale. Il laboratorio, che ha sede a Miami, consegna i risultati in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi. I risultati sono disponibili online 24/7 e includono i report di Garanzia di Qualità e le foto dei campioni.
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### [Les ingrédients des cosmétiques naturels sont-ils exempts de produits pétrochimiques?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/cosmetiques.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Un grand nombre de produits cosmétiques sont estampillés “naturels” ou “sans produits pétrochimiques” pour se démarquer de la concurrence dans un contexte où la demande pour les produits contenant des ingrédients de source renouvelable ne cesse d’augmenter. En raison de la complexité de l’approvisionnement des ingrédients en provenance du monde entier et du large choix disponible, il est dans l’intérêt des fabricants et distributeurs d’avoir une preuve analytique que les ingrédients utilisés pour fabriquer des cosmétiques naturels ne contiennent pas de substances dérivées de la pétrochimie.
Les ingrédients synthétiques utilisés comme émollients, émulsifiants, humectants, conservateurs et tensioactifs dans les produits cosmétiques proviennent généralement de dérivés du pétrole. Leurs homologues naturels sont souvent plus chers. Cela est particulièrement vrai pour les [huiles essentielles](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/huiles.html). La demande pour les huiles essentielles naturelles et la disponibilité ou la qualité fluctuante des cultures rendent leurs prix nettement plus élevés que leur équivalent synthétique.
Pour s’assurer que les ingrédients naturels ne sont pas faux ou falsifiés avec des composés pétrochimiques moins chers, les mesures de contrôle de la qualité des fabricants devraient inclure des analyses de l’origine des produits naturels selon la méthode du carbone 14.
## Vérification des ingrédients sans composés pétrochimiques
Les méthodes analytiques basées sur le radiocarbone et normalisées telles que l’ASTM D6866 et ISO 16620-2 peuvent être utilisées pour vérifier qu’un ingrédient cosmétique ne contient aucun composant pétrochimique. Les résultats des analyses ISO 16620-2 indiquent le pourcentage de carbone issu de sources naturelles (carbone biosourcé) dans un produit par rapport au carbone synthétique (carbone dérivé du pétrole).
Les matériaux provenant de la nature ont un niveau de radiocarbone (carbone 14) connu. Les substances mélangées contenant des composés à la fois dérivés du pétrole et de source renouvelable vont avoir quant à elles un niveau de radiocarbone significativement inférieur. Les produits chimiques qui sont à 100% issus de dérivés du pétrole ne contiennent plus de radiocarbone. Grâce à cette distinction, la mesure de la teneur en radiocarbone d’un matériau peut être un outil fiable pour prouver que celui-ci ne contient aucun produit issu de la pétrochimie.
Par exemple, un ingrédient A fabriqué intégralement à partir de sources renouvelables (i.e. des extraits de plantes) sera 100% biosourcé selon la norme ISO 16620-2. Un ingrédient B, composé à 60% d’extraits de plantes et à 40% de composés issus de la pétrochimie, aura un pourcentage biosourcé significativement inférieur à 100%. Pour qu’un ingrédient cosmétique soit sans composé pétrochimique, il doit être 100% biosourcé.
## Analyse rapide des cosmétiques par Beta Analytic
Le laboratoire Beta Analytic accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017 mesure les ratios isotopiques et fournit les résultats d’analyse de l’origine des produits naturels selon la norme ASTM D6866 ou ISO 16620-2 8.3.2 : teneur en carbone biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total ou carbone organique total. Le laboratoire basé à Miami fournit les résultats en 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible. Les résultats sont accessibles en ligne 24/7 et incluent les rapports qualité ainsi que les photos des échantillons.
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### [¿Los ingredientes de los cosméticos naturales están libres de petroquímicos?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/cosmeticos.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Muchos cosméticos portan la etiqueta “natural” o “libre de petroquímicos” para diferenciarse de sus competidores a medida que aumenta la demanda de productos que contienen ingredientes elaborados a partir de fuentes renovables. Dada la complejidad que implica obtener varios ingredientes de diferentes partes del mundo y la amplia gama de opciones disponibles, es del interés de productores y distribuidores contar con una prueba analítica de que los ingredientes usados en la elaboración de cosméticos naturales no contienen sustancias derivadas de petroquímicos.
Los ingredientes sintéticos como emolientes, emulsionantes, humectantes, conservantes y surfactantes usados en productos cosméticos usualmente se obtienen de derivados del petróleo. Sus contrapartes naturales son con frecuencia más costosas. Éste es el caso, en particular, de los [aceites esenciales](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/aceites.html). La demanda de aceites esenciales naturales y la fluctuante disponibilidad o calidad de cultivos hace que sus precios sean significativamente más elevados que los de las variedades sintéticas.
Para asegurar que el ingrediente natural utilizado no es falso o ha sido adulterado con componentes petroquímicos más baratos, las medidas de control de calidad de un productor deberían incluir el análisis del origen del producto natural usando Carbono-14.
## Verificando que los ingredientes estén libres de petroquímicos
Los métodos analíticos estandarizados basados en radiocarbono como los de las normas ASTM D6866 e ISO 16620-2 pueden usarse para verificar que un ingrediente cosmético está libre de petroquímicos. Los resultados del análisis conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2 muestran el porcentaje de carbono en un producto que se deriva de fuentes naturales (el carbono de base biológica) con respecto a aquél que se deriva de fuentes sintéticas (carbono derivado del petróleo).
Los materiales obtenidos de la naturaleza tienen un nivel de radiocarbono (Carbono-14) conocido. Las sustancias mezcladas con derivados del petróleo y componentes de origen natural, no obstante, tendrán un nivel de radiocarbono significativamente más bajo. Las sustancias químicas que se derivan al 100% de derivados del petróleo no tienen registro de radiocarbono. En virtud de estas distinciones, medir el contenido de radiocarbono de un material puede ser una herramienta confiable para probar que el mismo sí está libre de petroquímicos.
Por ejemplo, el Ingrediente A elaborado completamente a partir de fuentes renovables (como los extractos vegetales) será 100% de base biológica conforme a la norma ISO 16620-2. El Ingrediente B, compuesto en un 60% de extractos vegetales y en un 40% de derivados del petróleo, tendrá un porcentaje de contenido de base biológica significativamente menor al 100%. Para que un ingrediente cosmético esté libre de petroquímicos, tiene que ser 100% de base biológica.
## El rápido análisis de cosméticos de Beta Analytic
El laboratorio Beta Analytic, acreditado por la norma ISO/IEC 17025:2017, mide las relaciones isotópicas y comunica los resultados del análisis del origen de productos naturales conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 o a la norma ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: contenido de carbono de base biológica como fracción del carbono total o del carbono orgánico total. El laboratorio, con sede en Miami, entrega resultados en un plazo de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos. Los resultados pueden ser consultados en línea las 24 horas del día, junto con los informes de control de calidad y las fotografías de las muestras.
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### [Sind die Inhaltsstoffe für natürliche Kosmetik frei von Petrochemikalien?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/kosmetik.html)
**Published:** March 26, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Viele Kosmetika werden als “natürlich” oder “frei von Petrochemikalien” beworben, um sich von der Konkurrenz abzuheben und aufgrund der stetig steigenden Nachfrage nach Produkten mit erneuerbaren Inhaltsstoffen. Da die Beschaffung von verschiedenen Inhaltsstoffen aus der ganzen Welt komplex ist und eine Vielzahl von Varianten zur Verfügung steht, ist ein analytischer Beleg, dass die in Naturkosmetik verwendeten Inhaltsstoffe keine petrochemischen Substanzen enthalten, im Interesse der Hersteller und Händler.
Synthetische Inhaltsstoffe, die in kosmetischen Produkten als Weichmacher, Emulgatoren, Feuchthaltemittel, Konservierungsmittel und Tenside verwendet werden, werden üblicherweise aus Erdölderivaten hergestellt. Natürliche Äquivalente sind oft teurer. Dies gilt besonders für [ätherische Öle](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/oele.html). Die Nachfrage nach natürlichen ätherischen Ölen und die Verfügbarkeit, aufgrund schwankender Ernten oder Qualität, spiegeln sich in deutlich höheren Preisen wieder, im Vergleich zu den synthetischen Varianten.
Um sicherzustellen, dass die natürlichen Inhaltsstoffe nicht verfälscht oder mit günstigeren petrochemischen Verbindungen verunreinigt wurden, legen wir Herstellern im Rahmen der Qualitätskontroll-Maßnahmen die Analyse von natürlichen Produkten mittels Kohlenstoff-14 nahe.
## Verifizierung von Inhaltsstoffen frei von Petrochemikalien
Radiokohlenstoff-basierte standardisierte analytische Methoden wie ASTM D6866 oder ISO 16620-2 können verwendet werden, um zu überprüfen, ob ein kosmetischer Inhaltsstoff frei von Petrochemikalien ist. Die Ergebnisse gemäß ISO 16620-2-Analysen geben den Prozentsatz des aus natürlichen Quellen stammenden (biobasierten) Kohlenstoffs in einem Produkt, gegenüber dem aus synthetischen Quellen stammenden Kohlenstoff (aus Erdöl gewonnen) an.
Natürliche Materialien besitzen eine bekannte Radiokohlenstoff (Kohlenstoff-14) Signatur. Mischsubstanzen, die sowohl aus Erdöl gewonnene, als auch erneuerbare Materialien enthalten, weisen einen signifikant niedrigeren Radiokohlenstoffgehalt auf. In Chemikalien, die zu 100% aus Erdölderivaten stammen, ist kein Radiokohlenstoff mehr nachweisbar. Aufgrund dieser Unterscheidungen stellt die Messung des Radiokohlenstoffgehalts eines Materials ein zuverlässiges Werkzeug dar, um zu belegen, dass ein Produkt in der Tat frei von Petrochemikalien ist.
Beispielsweise wird die Analyse gemäß ISO 16620-2 von Inhaltsstoff A, der vollständig aus erneuerbaren Quellen hergestellt wird (z.B. Pflanzenextrakte), zu 100% biobasiert sein. Inhaltsstoff B, bestehend aus 60% pflanzlichem Extrakt und zu 40% aus Petroleum-basierten Materialien, wird einen biobasierten Prozentsatz ergeben, der deutlich geringer als 100% ausfallen wird. Ein kosmetischer Inhaltsstoff, der frei von Petrochemikalien ist, muss zu 100% biobasiert sein.
## Beta Analytics zeitnahe Ergebnisse für Kosmetik-Analysen
Unser ISO / IEC 17025: 2017-akkreditiertes Beta Analytic Labor misst Isotopenverhältnisse und berichtet Ergebnisse von Quellen-Analysen für natürliche Produkte gemäß ASTM D6866 oder ISO 16620-2 8.3.2: Biobasierter Kohlenstoffgehalt als Fraktion des Gesamtkohlenstoffs oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs. Unser Labor mit Hauptsitz in Miami liefert Ergebnisse innerhalb von 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Ergebnisse, wie auch QA-Berichte und Beispielfotos, können rund um die Uhr online abgerufen werden.
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### [Carbon-14-Analyse von Curcumin](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/curcumin-analyse.html)
**Published:** August 13, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Kurkumapulver wird aus der Curcuma longa Pflanze gewonnen und besteht aus mehreren verschiedenen Curcuminoiden, einschließlich Curcumin. Es hat eine unverwechselbare gelbe Farbe und wird unterschiedlich angewandt, als Aroma, Färbemittel, Zutat in Kosmetika und Nahrungsmittelergänzung. Wie bei vielen anderen natürlichen Zutaten kommt es auch bei Curcumin zu Verfälschungen durch aus Petroleum hergestellte synthetische Stoffe, folglich wird die Authentifizierung für Hersteller und Zulieferer essentiell.
## Curcumin-Verfälschung
Natürlich hergestelltes Curcumin wird aus Kurkuma extrahiert. Allerdings ist das Verfahren kostspieliger, als die Herstellung von synthetischem Curcumin, bestehend aus Mineralölverbindungen. Derzeit basieren viele Produktionswege zur Synthese von Curcumin auf der Pabon-Methode, wobei als Ausgangsstoffe Acetyl-Aceton und Vanillin verwendet werden. Acetyl-Aceton wird industriell aus Petrochemikalien hergestellt. Natürliches Vanillin ist knapp und teuer zu produzieren, kann aber auch mithilfe von Petrochemikalien zu einem deutlich niedrigeren Preis synthetisiert werden.
Die Verwendung von synthetischem Curcumin in Rezepturen kann regulatorische Auswirkungen haben. Die im August 2016 von der US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) entworfenen Richtlinien zu neuen diätetischen Inhaltsstoffe stellt heraus, dass synthetische Identika von Kräutern oder anderen pflanzlichen Bestandteilen nicht mit dem jeweiligen Original vergleichbar und daher gemäß 201(ff)(1)(C) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act nicht als Nahrungsbestandteil qualifiziert sind.
Angesichts der regulatorischen Konsequenzen, des ökonomischen Anreizes bzgl. Verfälschungen und der Marktprognose für Curcumin bis 2023, 100 Millionen Dollar zu erreichen, ist es für Hersteller und Lieferanten wichtig, Rohstoffe und Produkte auf synthetisches Curcumin zuverlässig zu prüfen. Die Authentifizierung des natürlichen Ursprungs bietet zusätzlich ein hervorragendes Marketing-Tool, um das Vertrauen der Verbraucher zu untermauern.
## Nachweis von Verfälschungen mittels Carbon-14-Analyse
Die Carbon-14-Analyse hat sich als ein präzises Werkzeug erwiesen, um die Verfälschung von natürlichem Curcumin mit der petrochemisch hergestellten und synthetischen Version zu verifizieren. Gemäß dem American Botanical Council:
Bei dem Ersatz von natürlichem Curcumin durch synthetisches Curcumin handelt es sich um eine willentliche Vorgehensweise, die sich den meisten spektroskopischen und analytischen Tests entzieht. Die Messung von Kohlenstoffisotopen, mittels eines hochentwickelten Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometer zur Ermittlung des 14C-Gehalts der Probe, ist die effektivste Methode, um zu bestimmen, ob ein Curcuminmaterial pflanzlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs ist. \[The replacement of natural curcumin with synthetic curcumin is a deliberate practice that eludes most spectroscopic and analytical tests. Carbon isotope measurement, requiring a sophisticated accelerator mass spectrometer to measure 14C in the sample, is the most effective method to determine if a curcumin material is plant-derived or of synthetic origin.\]
Carbon-14 ist ein instabiles und schwach radioaktives Kohlenstoffisotop. Es wird in der oberen Atmosphäre kontinuierlich gebildet und tritt so in den Kohlenstoffkreislauf ein. Da rezente Lebewesen ebenfalls Teil des Kohlenstoffzyklus sind, nehmen sie C14 auf und weisen, infolgedessen, eine bekannte Carbon-14 Signatur auf. Dieses Radioisotop zerfällt im Laufe der Zeit; in Petroleum und dessen Derivate sind Kohlenstoff-14 Isotope bereits zerfallen. Daher gibt die Messung des Carbon-14-Gehalts einen deutlichen Hinweis auf den natürlichen (biobasierten) Gehalt eines Materials wie Curcumin.
## Beta Analytic – Prüflabor für natürliche Substanzen
Das ISO 17025-akkreditierte Beta Analytic Labor bietet hochqualitative und zeitnahe Analysen von natürlichen Produkten und Rohstoffen mittels der Kohlenstoff-14-Methode gemäß der folgenden Standards – ASTM D6866 oder ISO 16620-2, sprich biobasierter Kohlenstoffgehalt als Fraktion des gesamten Kohlenstoffs (TC) oder des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs (TOC). Die Ergebnisse werden innerhalb von 5-7 Werktagen berichtet und können, einschließlich QA-Berichten und Beispielfotos, jederzeit online abgerufen werden. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an. Für Anfragen wenden Sie sich bitte an [Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html).
Referenzen:
American Botanical Council (ABC), the American Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AHP), and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR) Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program. [Botanical Adulterants Bulletin: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Root and Rhizome, and Root and Rhizome Extracts.](https://www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/119/table-of-contents/hg119-bapnews-babs/) May 2018 (accessed June 2018)
Business Wire. Global Curcumin Market – Forecast to 2023 – [Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth – Research and Markets](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170607005637/en/Global-Curcumin-Market---Forecast-2023-- "Increased Research Focus to Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Drives Market Growth - Research and Markets"). June 2017 (accessed August 2017).
Pabon HJ. [A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/recl.19640830407 "A synthesis of curcumin and related compounds"). Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 1964;83:379–86.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. [Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry](https://www.fda.gov/media/99538/download "Dietary Supplements: New Dietary Ingredient Notifications and Related Issues: Guidance for Industry"). August 2016 (accessed July 2017).
*Letzte Aktualisierung: Juni 2021*
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### [再生可能エネルギー源としての都市廃棄物（MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 都市廃棄物(MSW)はエネルギー多消費型産業において代替燃料として利用されています。
- [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html)によってMSW中のバイオマス起源炭素濃度を測定することが可能です。
ごみとして一般的に知られている都市廃棄物(MSW)とは、米国環境保護庁によると「一般家庭から出る固形廃棄物、民間企業（オフィスビル、小売店、卸売業、レストラン）および公共施設(図書館、学校、病院、刑務所)からの固形廃棄物」を指します。 例えば紙、刈り取った草、ビニール袋、家具、衣類、ボトル、ゴム製品、金属、生ゴミ、ペンキ、電池などが含まれます。 MSWに分類されるほとんどの廃棄物は無害です。
廃棄物管理プログラムの一環として、アメリカの多くの州では資源の削減、リサイクルの推進、埋め立て処分を減少させるための堆肥化を行っています。 また州によっては、葉、枝、草などの植物残渣ゴミ、オフィスからの紙ゴミ、新聞紙、段ボール紙、板紙、ガラス類、プラスチック、アルミニウム、スチール容器などのリサイクル可能な廃棄物のごみ処理施設における受け入れを禁止しています。
多くの施設では、廃棄物容量を減少させるためだけでなく、発電を目的としMSWを高温で燃焼しています。 これは最も環境保全型の方法とはいえません。 しかしながら、エネルギー回収を伴わない埋め立て処理や焼却よりはベターな手段として米国 EPAに推奨されています。
## MSWに関するASTM D6866の世界における動向
米国EPAは温室効果ガスに関する報告義務規定案おいて、MSWを燃焼している施設で排出二酸化炭素中のバイオマス起源二酸化炭素の割合を決定するために ASTM D6866 の利用を提示しています。
西部気候イニシアチブ (Western Climate Initiative) の報告必要事項では、混合燃料と廃棄物固形燃料を利用した燃焼装置から排出される二酸化炭素中のバイオマス起源二酸化炭素の割合を測定するために、**ASTM D6866**試験を義務づけています。
同様にカリフォルニア州AB32/SB32 では、セメント産業や発電産業における燃焼装置からの排出ガス中のバイオマス起源二酸化炭素定量にASTM D6866試験を推奨しています。
## 廃棄物からの再生可能エネルギー
MSWが高温で燃焼される際、熱または蒸気としてエネルギーが回収されます。 MSWの燃焼により得られるエネルギー量は一定ではなく、MSWの組成によって決まります。 MSWの非生物起源成分（例えばプラスチック）は、一般的に紙のような生物起源物質よりも高い熱エネルギーを持っています。
2007年５月に発表された米国エネルギー情報局の報告 （[U.S. Energy Information Administration report](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf "U.S. Energy Information Administration report")） によると、生物起源物質由来の総エネルギー量の割合が減少した一方で、MSWのエネルギー量(1トンあたりBtuとして表される)の割合は増加しました。 これは総エネルギー量におけるプラスチックなどの非生物起源廃棄物量の増加を意味しています。 しかしこれは単に非生物起源廃棄物量の増加を意味するにとどまらず、過去にMSWの大部分を占めていた紙などの生物起源廃棄物が、燃焼されるかわりにリサイクルされるようになったことを示唆しています。
この動向にもかかわらず、MSWにおけるバイオマス成分の占める割合は非常に大きいので、MSWは今もなお再生可能エネルギーとして最良の資源のひとつであると言えます。 EPAを含む多くの規制機関では、MSW中の生物起源分画からのエネルギーを再生可能エネルギーと見なしています。
## その他の代替燃料
[ごみ固形燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html) (RDF : Refuse Derived Fuel)
[廃タイヤ燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and alternative fuel burning tires")
[下水汚泥](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "ASTM D6866 testing on sewage sludge")
## ベータ・アナリティック社 ASTM D6866試験サービス
ベータ・アナリティック社(ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証取得)は、各国企業が米国EPAやEU-ETSなどの規制に適合できるよう支援いたします。 多くの規約において生体起源二酸化炭素は温室効果ガス排出量から排除可能です。 そのためMSWを燃焼している企業では、MSWもしくはその排出ガスのバイオマス炭素含有量の定量が必要とされます。
---
### [재생 에너지로서의 고형 도시 폐자원 (Municipal Solid Waste)](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 고형 도시 폐자원은 에너지 집약 산업 현장에서 대체 에너지로 많이 사용되고 있습니다.
- [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html) 실험을 통해 고형 도시 폐자원 중에서 바이오 매스 함량을 측정할 수 있습니다.
- Beta 연구소는 고형 도시 폐자원을 사용하는 업체에 지속적으로 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공해 주고 있습니다.
미국의 환경청(US Environmental Protection Agent)에 따르면 일반 쓰레기로 불리는 고형 도시 폐자원(MSW)은 고체 형태의 일반 가정이나 회사, 일반 점포, 기업체에서 나오는 쓰레기를 말합니다. 우리가 일상에서 쓰는 종이류, 유리 조각, 플라스틱 백, 가구, 의류, 병, 고무, 금속, 음식 찌꺼기, 페인트, 건전지 등입니다. 일반 가정뿐만 아니라 상업용(사무실, 소매점, 도매점, 식당), 기관용(도서관, 학교, 병원, 감옥 등), 공업용 (포장지, 서류들) 업체에서도 나오며, 대부분 위험 물질은 아닙니다.
대부분의 미국 각주는 고형 도시 폐자원 관리 프로그램의 일환으로, 될 수 있으면 쓰레기가 소량으로 나오게 하고, 나온 쓰레기는 가능하면 재생하고, 그리고 될 수 있으면 땅에 묻지 않고 퇴비로 만들어 사용하도록 유도합니다. 일부 주에서는 금지 품목을 정해서 쓰레기 처리장 반입을 못하게 합니다. 떨어진 낙엽 잎, 유리 조각, 잔디 쓰레기, 사무실용 컴퓨터 용지, 신문, 종이 박스, 일반 박스, 유리 플라스틱, 알루미늄, 철 등.
고형 도시 폐자원을 고열로 소각하면 부피를 없앨 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 전기를 만듭니다. 환경적으로 가장 좋은 방법은 아니지만 미국 환경청은 에너지를 만들어 낸다는 면에서 그냥 땅에 매립하거나 소각하는 것보다 선호합니다.
## 고형 도시 폐자원 실험으로서의 ASTM D6866
미국 환경청인 U.S. EPA 의 온실 가스 강제 보고 규정에 따라면 고형 도시 폐자원을 소각하는 모든 시설은 배출되는 이산화탄소 중에서 바이오 매스 부분이 얼마나 되는지 알아보기 위해 반드시 **ASTM D6866** 실험을 해야 한다고 강제하고 있습니다.
Western Climate Initiative’s 의 강제 보고 규정에서도 혼합 연료와 폐자원 연료를 사용하는 일반 시설은 배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는 실험 방법으로 ASTM D6866 실험 해야 한다고 강제 조항에 넣고 있습니다. WCI에 따르면 고형 도시 폐자원도 폐자원 연료의 한 종류라 여겨 반드시 ASTM D6866실험을 해야 하는 강제 조항이 있습니다.
비슷한 방식으로 미국의 캘리포니아 주의 AB32/SB32 도 시멘트 기업과 전력 생산 기업의 연소 시설에서 나오는 바이오 매스 배출 함량을 측정하는데 ASTM D6866실험을 권장합니다. 미국의 캘리포니아는 WCI의 회원입니다.
## 폐자원에서 재생 에너지
고형 도시 폐자원을 고열로 가열하면 에너지와 열이 발생하며 증기가 됩니다. 여기서 발생하는 에너지 량은 일정하게 정해져 있지 않고 어떤 종류의 폐자원이냐에 따라 다릅니다. 바이오 매스가 아닌 플라스틱 같은 고형 도시 폐자원은 바이오 물질인 종이보다 단위 무게당 열을 더 많이 냅니다.
2007년 5월에 발행된 [U.S. Energy Information Administration report](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf)에 따르면, 바이오 물질에서 발생하는 전체 에너지는 감소하는 반면에 고형 도시 폐자원의 에너지 량 (톤 당 Btu로 표시됨)은 점차적으로 증가하고 있다고 합니다. 이유는 쓰레기에서 플라스틱과 다른 비 바이오 성 물질이 늘어나면서 전체 에너지의 량이 증가하기 때문입니다. 플라스틱은 점차 증가하고 있지만, 바이오 물질인 종이나 판자는 과거에는 고형 도시 폐자원의 많은 량을 차지했지만 지금은 태우지 않고 재생해서 쓰기 때문에 이들에서 오는 에너지는 차츰 감소하고 있습니다.
현재 대부분의 고형 도시 폐자원은 바이오 매스입니다. 따라서 고형 도시 폐자원은 아직도 재생 에너지로 취급되고 있으며, EPA를 포함한 많은 정부 기관들은 고형 도시 폐자원의 바이오 매스 부분을 재생 에너지로 생각하고 있습니다.
## 다른 대안 연료들
[폐기물 재생 연료 (Refuse-derived Fuels) ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "alternative fuel RDF ASTM D6866 testing")
[폐타이어 재생 연료 (Tire-derived Fuels) ](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "ASTM D6866 and alternative fuel burning tires")
[하수도 슬러지 (Sewage Sludge) ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "ASTM D6866 testing on sewage sludge")
## Beta 연구소의 ASTM D6866 서비스
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증을 받은 Beta 연구소는 미국 환경청인 US EPA의 강제 보고 규정이나 유럽 연합의 배출 거래 제(European Union Emissions Trading Scheme)와 같은 규정에 맞는 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 각 기업에 제공하고 있습니다. 고형 도시 폐자원을 연료로 사용하는 기업들은 대부분의 규정에 따라 온실가스 재고에서 바이오 유래 이산화탄소를 상쇄할 수 있으므로 배출 가스나 고형 연료에서 바이오 유래 물질이 얼마나 차지하는지 알아야 합니다. Beta 연구소는 미국 플로리다 주 마이애미에 있으며, 영국, 일본, 중국, 한국에 지사를 운영하고 있습니다.
---
### [Resíduos Sólidos Municipais como Fonte de Energia Renovável](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/residuos-solidos-municipais.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Os resíduos sólidos municipais são utilizados em várias indústrias que requerem energia intensiva como combustível alternativo
- A fração de biomassa dos RSMs é determinada através do uso do método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
- A Beta Analytic continua prestando serviços de análise pelo método ASTM D6866 aos usuários de RSMs
Comumente conhecidos como lixo, os Resíduos Sólidos Municipais (RSMs) são “quaisquer resíduos sólidos domésticos, comerciais/de lojas e/ou institucionais”, de acordo com a Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos EUA. Os RSMs consitem de itens de uso diário, tais como o papel, a grama cortada, os sacos plásticos, os móveis, as roupas, as garrafas, a borracha, os metais, os restos de alimentos, as tintas e baterias. Os RSMs não provêm apenas de fontes residenciais, mas também comerciais (prédios de escritório, lojas e estabelecimentos comerciais e restaurantes), institucionais (bibliotecas, escolas, hospitais e prisões), e industriais (embalagens e materiais administrativos). A maior parte dos resíduos classificados como RSM não é perigosa.
Como parte de seus programas de manejo de resíduos sólidos, vários estados nos EUA estão promovendo a diminuição dos resíduos na fonte, a reciclagem e a compostagem para diminuir os aterros sanitários. Vários estados também passaram a proibir a eliminação de determinados materiais, tais como folhas, grama cortada, resíduos domésticos em geral, papel usado em escritórios e computadores, jornais, papelão ondulado, cartão, vidro, plástico, alumínio e recipientes de aço. É proibido colocar estes materiais no lixo.
Muitas instalações consomem os RSMs em altas temperaturas não apenas para diminuir o seu volume de resíduos, mas também para gerar eletricidade. Apesar de não ser a estratégia mais ambientalmente saudável para os RSMs, a combustão dos mesmos é preferida pela APA dos EUA no que diz respeito à recuperação de energia, quando comparada com os aterros sanitários e a incineração sem a recuperação de energia.
## Uso do Método ASTM D6866 para Testar os RSMs
Em suas normas de prestação obrigatória de contas relacionadas aos gases de efeito estufa, a APA dos EUA afirma que as instalações que consomem RSMs devem usar o método ASTM D6866 para determinar a porção biogênica de suas emissões de dióxido de carbono.
Os Requisitos Essenciais para a Prestação Obrigatória de Contas, elaborados pela Iniciativa Ocidental do Clima também requerem que o teste pelo método **ASTM D6866** seja feito para medir a porcentagem de biomassa do dióxido de carbono emitido pelas unidades gerais estacionárias de combustão que usam misturas de combustíves e combustíveis derivados de resíduos. Esta norma também inclui os RSMs, os quais a IOC considera um combustível derivado de resíduos.
Semelhantemente, a norma conhecida como “Califórnia AB32/SB32” recomenda o uso do método ASTM D6866 na verificação do conteúdo de biomassa das emissões produzidas pelas unidades gerais estacionárias de combustão nas indústrias de cimento e geração de eletricidade. A Califórnia é membra da IOC.
## Energia Renovável Procedente de Resíduos
Quando os RSMs são incinerados em altas temperaturas, a energia é produzida e recuperada na forma de calor ou vapor. A quantidade de energia produzida pela incineração dos RSMs não é fixa e depende da composição dos resíduos. Os componentes não biogênicos dos RSMs, tais como os plásticos, costumam ter um conteúdo de calor mais alto por unidade de peso do que os materiais biogênicos como o papel.
De acordo com o relatório da [“U.S. Energy Information Administration”](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf), o qual foi publicado em maio de 2007, o conteúdo de energia dos RSMs (expresso em Btu por ton) tem aumentado gradualmente ao longo do tempo, enquanto a porcentagem do conteúdo total de energia proveniente de recursos biogênicos tem diminuído. Este aumento no conteúdo total de energia é atribuído ao maior volume de plásticos e outros materiais não biogênicos entre os resíduos. A energia procedente de recursos biogênicos diminuiu não apenas por causa do maior volume de plásticos, mas também porque o papel e o papelão, que representavam uma alta porcentagem entre os RSMs no passado, hoje em dia estão sendo reciclados, ao invés de serem incinerados.
Tendências à parte, uma parcela significativa dos RSMs ainda é constituída de biomassa e, assim, os mesmos continuam sendo uma boa fonte de energia renovável. Muitos órgãos de regulamentação, incluindo a APA, consideram que energia procedente da fração biogênica dos RSMs como renovável.
## Outros Combustíveis Alternativos
[Combustíveis Derivados de Resíduos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html "Combustíveis Derivados de Resíduos")
[Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-pneus.html "Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus")
[Lodos de Esgoto](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodos de Esgoto")
## Serviços ASTM D6866 da Beta Analytic
Com padrão de certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017 e sediada em Miami, na Flórida, a Beta Analytic tem o compromisso de ajudar as empresas no cumprimento de regulamentos, tais como as normas de prestação de contas obrigatórias da APA dos EUA ou as iniciativas do Esquema de Comércio de Emissões da União Européia. As empresas que consomem os RSMs precisam determinar a fração de biomassa de suas emissões ou dos combustíveis sólidos porque o CO2 biogênico pode ser deduzido de seus inventários de emissões de gases de efeito estufa, de acordo com a maioria dos protocolos. Sediada em Miami, na Flórida, a Beta Analytic tem escritórios no Reino Unido, no Japão e na China.
---
### [I Rifiuti Solidi Urbani come fonte di energia rinnovabile](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/rifiuti-solidi-urbani.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- I rifiuti solidi urbani vengono usati da molte industre ad alta intensità energetica come combustibile alternativo
- È possibile determinare la frazione di biomassa degli RSU attraverso [l’ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic effettua analisi con l’ASTM D6866 per che utilizza RSU
Comunemente conosciuti come spazzatura o immondizia, i rifiuti solidi urbani (RSU) sono, secondo la US Environmental Protection Agency, “rifiuti solidi domestici, commerciali e/o istituzionali”. Sono costituiti da oggetti di uso quotidiano come carta, erba tagliata, sacchetti di plastica, mobili, indumenti, bottiglie, gomma, metalli, scarti alimentari, vernici e batterie. Non sono soltanto di provenienza domestica, ma anche commerciale (uffici, commercio al dettaglio e all’ingrosso, ristoranti), istituzionale (biblioteche, scuole, ospedali, carceri) e industriale (imballaggio e amministrazione). La maggior parte di essi è classificata come non pericolosa.
All’interno del loro programma di gestione dei rifiuti solidi, numerosi stati degli Stati Uniti stanno promuovendo la riduzione delle fonti, il riciclaggio e il compostaggio per ridurre lo smaltimento in discarica. Diversi stati hanno inoltre adottato precise misure per lo smaltimento di alcuni materiali: foglie, erba tagliata, rifiuti da cortile, rifiuti da ufficio e carta per computer, carta da giornale, cartone e cartone ondulato, vetro, plastica, alluminio e contenitori di acciaio sono vietati negli impianti di smaltimento.
Molti impianti bruciano rifiuti solidi urbani ad alta temperatura non soltanto per ridurre il volume dei rifiuti, ma anche per generare elettricità. Nonostante non sia la strategia più ecologica per gli RSU, la US EPA incoraggia la combustione dei rifiuti solidi urbani con recupero di energia rispetto a smaltimento in discarica e incenerimento senza recupero di energia.
## L’ASTM D6866 per l’analisi degli RSU
In piena conformità con le norme che impongono la segnalazione sui gas serra, la U.S. EPA afferma che gli impianti che bruciano RSU dovrebbero fare ricorso all’ASTM D6866 per determinare la quota biogenica delle emissioni di anidride carbonica.
I requisiti essenziali per la dichiarazione obbligatoria della Western Climate Initiative includono le analisi con l’ASTM D6866 per misurare la percentuale di biomassa di anidride carbonica emessa dalle unità di combustione stazionaria che utilizzano miscele di combustibili e combustibili derivati da rifiuti. La normativa comprende anche i rifiuti solidi urbani che la WCI considera come combustibile derivato da rifiuti.
Allo stesso modo, la AB32/SB32 in California raccomanda le analisi con l’ASTM D6866 per determinare la frazione biogenica delle emissioni provenienti dalle unità di combustione stazionaria nei cementifici e negli impianti per la produzione di energia. La California è membro della WCI.
## Energia rinnovabile dai rifiuti
Quando gli RSU vengono bruciati a temperature elevate, viene prodotta energia che viene recuperata sotto forma di calore o di vapore. La quantità di energia prodotta dalla combustione dei rifiuti solidi urbani non è fissa ma dipende dalla composizione della massa dei rifiuti. I componenti non biogenici degli RSU come la plastica di solito hanno un potere calorifico per peso più elevato rispetto ai materiali biogenici come la carta.
Secondo il rapporto del maggio 2007 della [U.S. Energy Information Administration](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf) il contenuto energetico degli RSU (espresso in Btu per tonnellata) è aumentato nel corso del tempo, mentre la percentuale proveniente da fonti biogeniche sull’energia totale è diminuita. Questo aumento è attribuito al maggior volume di plastica e di altri materiali non biogenici nella massa dei rifiuti. Tuttavia, il decremento dell’energia proveniente da fonti biogeniche è da attribuire non solo al crescente volume di materie plastiche, ma anche alla carta e al cartone che in passato costituivano una grossa percentuale dei rifiuti urbani e che ora vengono riciclati invece di essere bruciati.
Malgrado queste tendenze, una parte significativa dei rifiuti solidi urbani è ancora composta da biomassa, per cui essi rappresentano ancora una buona fonte di energia rinnovabile. Molti enti regolatori, inclusa l’EPA, considerano come rinnovabile l’energia prodotta dalla frazione biogenica dei RSU.
## Altri combustibili alternativi
[Combustibili derivati da rifiuti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-rifiuti.html "Test combustibili alternativi CDR ASTM D6866")
[Combustibili derivati da pneumatici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-pneumatici.html "ASTM D6866 e gli pneumatici come combustibile")
[Fanghi di depurazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Test ASTM D6866 sui fanghi di depurazione")
## Servizi ASTM D6866 di Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic è un laboratorio certificato ISO/IEC 17025:2017 che si impegna ad assistere le aziende nell’adeguamento alle normative come quelle sulla segnalazione obbligatoria dell’EPA, o le iniziative come il Sistema Europeo di Scambio delle Emissioni. Le aziende che bruciano rifiuti solidi urbani hanno bisogno di determinare la frazione di biomassa sia delle emissioni sia dei combustibili solidi, perché la CO2 biogenica è deducibile dai report dei gas serra nella maggior parte dei protocolli. Beta Analytic si trova a Miami, in Florida, e ha uffici in Gran Bretagna, Giappone e Cina.
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### [Les déchets solides municipaux comme source d'énergie renouvelable](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/dechets-solides-municipaux.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Les déchets solides municipaux (DSM) sont utilisés dans plusieurs industries à forte consommation énergétique en tant que combustible alternatif
- La fraction biomasse des DSM est déterminée par l’utilisation de la norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic fournit des analyses selon ASTM D6866 aux utilisateurs de DSM
Usuellement connus en tant que rebuts ou déchets, les déchets solides municipaux (DSM) sont tous les “déchets solides des ménages, commerciaux ou au détail, et/ou déchets des Institutions,”selon l’Agence de Protection Environnementale américaine. Les DSM sont constitués de matériaux de tous les jours, tels que papiers, tontes de gazon, sacs en plastique, meubles, vêtements, bouteilles, caoutchouc, métaux, restes de nourriture, peinture et piles électriques. Les DSM ne proviennent pas uniquement de sources résidentielles mais également commerciales ( immeubles de bureaux, établissements de vente au détail et grossistes, restaurants) , Institutionnelles ( bibliothèques, écoles, hôpitaux, prisons), et industrielles (emballages et services administratifs). La plupart des décharts considérés comme DSM ne sont pas dangereux.
Dans le cadre de leur programme de gestion des déchets solides, de nombreux Etats américains promeuvent une réduction des déchets à leur source, le recyclage et le compost afin de réduire les dispositifs d’enfouissement. Plusieurs Etats one également adopté des interdictions d’élimination de certains déchets, tel les feuilles, l’herbe, les tontes, les déchets de jardin, le papier provenant de bureaux incluant celui issu de l’utilisation de l’informatique, les journaux, le carton ondulé, le verre, l’aluminium et les conteneurs en acier sont interdits dans les dispositifs d’élimination.
Beaucoup d’installations brûlent des DSM à une haute température, non seulement pour réduire le volume de déchets mais aussi pour générer de l’éléctricité. Bien qu’elle n’apparaisse pas de prime abord comme la stratégie la plus écologique relativement aux DSM, sa combustion avec récupération d’énergie est préférée par l’EPA américain à d’autres solutions tel l’enfouissement ou la combustion sans récupération d’énérgie.
## L’ASTM D6866 pour l’analyse des DSM
Dans son règlement de déclaration obligatoire des émissions de gaz à effet de serre, L’EPA américaine stipule que les installations brûlant des DSM doivent utiliser la norme **ASTM D6866** afin de déterminer la part biogène ( provenant de la biomasse) de leurs émissions de dioxyde de carbone.
L’Essential Requirements for Mandatory Reporting (ou Exigences Essentielles concernant l’Obligation de Déclaration) du Western Climate Initiative requiert également l’utilisation d’analyses selon ASTM D6866 afin de mesurer le pourcentage de biomasse du dioxyde de carbone émit par les unités d’incinération utilisant des carburants mixtes ou dérivés de déchets. Ce mandat concerne également les DSM, que le WCI considère comme carburants dérivés de déchets.
De la même manière, L’ AB32/SB32 californien recommende l’analyse selon ASTM D6866 pour la détermination de la biomasse des émissions de co2 provenant d’unités d’incinération dans les industries du ciment et de la production d’énergie. La Californie est membre du WCI.
## Energie Renouvelable et Déchets
Lorsque des DSM sont incinérés à de hautes températures, de l’énergie est produite et récupérée sous forme de chaleur ou vapeur. La quantité d’énergie produite par l’incinératio de déchets n’est pas fixe et dépend du flux de composition des déchets. Les composants non-biogène ( ne provenant de ressources biosourcées, soit fossiles) des DSM comme les plastiques, produisent un plus fort taux de chaleur par unité de poids que les matériaux biogènes tels le papier.
Selon le [Rapport Energy Information Administration américain](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf "Rapport Energy Information Administration américain"), publié en mai 2007, le contenu énergétique des DSM ( exprimé en tant que Btu par tonne) s’est régulièrement accru dans le temps alors que le pourcentage d’énergie totale provenant de ressources biogènes a décru. Cette augmentation du contenu en énergie totale est attribuée au volume de plastiques et d’autres matériaux non-biogènes présents dans le flux des déchets. L’énergie provenant de ressources biogènes a décrue pas seulement par l’augmentation du volume de plastiques mais surtout par le fait du recyclage et non de l’incinération des papiers et cartons, qui constituaient un large pourcentage des DSM incinérés par le passé.
Nonnobstant les tendances, une part significative des DSM est toujours constituée de biomasse; ainsi, les DSM sont ils toujours une bonne source d’énergie renouvelable. Beaucoup de corps législatifs, incluant l’EPA, considèrent que l’énregie produite à partir de la fraction biogène des DSM est renouvelable.
## Autres Carburants Alternatifs
[Carburants dérivés de déchets](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "Carburants dérivés de déchets")
[Carburants dérivés de pneumatiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html "Carburants dérivés de pneumatiques")
[Boues d’épuration](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Boues d'épuration")
## Services ASTM D6866 par Beta Analytic
Accrédité à la norme ISO/IEC 17025:2017, Beta Analytic s’engage à aider les entreprises à respecter les règlementations telle l’obligation de déclaration de l’EPA américaine ou des initiatives telle l’European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. Les entreprises incinérant des DSM ont besoin de déterminer la fraction biomasse soit de leurs émissions, soit des combustibles solides car le CO2 biogène est déductible des inventaires d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre, selon la plupart des protocoles en place. Beta Analytic est situé à Miami, en Floride, et possède des bureaux en Grande Bretagne, en Chine et au Japon.
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### [Residuos Sólidos Municipales como Fuente de Energía Renovable](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/residuos-solidos-municipales.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Se utilizan los residuos sólidos municipales en varias industrias que requieren energía intensiva como combustible alternativo
- Se determina la fracción de biomasa de los RSMs através del uso del método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html)
- Beta Analytic sigue ofreciendo servicios de análisis por el método ASTM D6866 a los usuarios de RSMs
Comúnmente conocidos como basura, los Residuos Sólidos Municipales (RSMs) son “cualquier residuo sólido doméstico, comercial/de tienday/o institucional”, de acuerdo a la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de los EE.UU. Los RSMs consisten de artículos de uso diario, como papel, recortes de céspedes, bolsas plásticas, muebles, ropas, botellas, caucho natural, metales, restos de alimentos, pinturas y baterías. Los RSMs no provienen sólo de fuentes residenciales, sino también comerciales (edificios de oficinas, tiendas, establecimientos comerciales y restaurantes), institucionales (bibliotecas, escuelas, hospitales y las cárceles), e industriales (embalajes y materiales administrativos). La mayor parte de los residuos clasificados como RSM no es peligrosa.
Como parte de sus programas de gestión de residuos sólidos, varios estados en los EE.UU.están promoviendo la reducción de los residuos en la fuente y también el reciclaje y compostaje para disminuir el número de vertederos. Varios estados también pasaron a prohibir la eliminación de determinados materiales, como hojas, recortes de césped, residuos domésticos en general, papel utilizado en oficinas y computadoras, periódicos, cartóny cartón ondulado, vidrio, plástico, aluminio y envases de acero. Está prohibido tirar estos materiales a la basura.
Muchas instalaciones consumen los RSMs a altas temperaturas no solo para reducir su volumen sino también para generar electricidad. Aunque esta no es la estrategia más ambientalmente recomendada para los RSMs, su combustión es la opción preferida por la APA de los EE.UU.debido a la recuperación de la energía, cuando comparada con los vertederos y la incineración sin recuperación de energía.
## Uso del Método ASTM D6866 para Analizar los RSMs
En sus reglas de rendición obligatoria de cuentas relacionadas a los gases de efecto invernadero, la APA de los EE.UU. afirma que las instalaciones que consumen los RSMs deben utilizar el método ASTM D6866 para determinar la porción biogénica de sus emisiones de dióxido de carbono.
Los Requisitos Esenciales para la Rendición Obligatoria de Cuentas, elaborados por la Iniciativa Occidental del Clima también requiere que sea hecha una prueba por el método **ASTM D6866** para medir el porcentaje de biomasa del dióxido de carbono emitido por las unidades generales estacionarias de combustión que utilizan mezclas de combustibles y combustibles derivados de residuos. Esta regla también incluye a los RSMs, los cuales la IOC considera un combustible derivado de residuos.
De manera similar, el reglamento conocido como “California AB32/SB32” recomienda el uso del método ASTM D6866 en la verificación del contenido de biomasa de las emisiones producidas por las unidades generales estacionarias de combustión en las industrias de cemento y generación de electricidad. California es miembro de la IOC.
## Energía Renovable Proveniente de Residuos
Cuando los RSMs son incinerados a altas temperaturas, se produce y se recupera energía en forma de calor o vapor. La cantidad de energía producida por la incineración de los RSMs no es fija y depende de la composición de los residuos. Los componentes no biogénicos de los RSMs, como los plásticos, normalmente contienen más calor por unidad de peso que los materiales biogénicos como el papel.
De acuerdo al [informe de la “U.S. Energy Information Administration”](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf), publicado en mayo de 2007, el contenido de energía de los RSMs (expresado en Btu por ton) esta aumentando gradualmente a lo largo del tiempo, mientras el porcentaje de contenido total de energía proveniente de recursos biogénicos está disminuyendo. Este incremento en el contenido total de energía ha sido atribuido al mayor volumen de plásticos y otros materiales no biogénicos entre los residuos. La energía proveniente de recursos biogénicos ha sido reducida no solo por razón del mayor volumen de plásticos, sino también porque el papel y el cartón, que representaban un alto porcentaje entre los RSMs en el pasado, hoy día están siendo reciclados y no incinerados.
A pesar de las tendencias, una parte significativa de los RSMs sigue siendo de biomasa y, por esta razón, representa una buena fuente de energía renovable. Muchos organismos de reglamentación, incluyendo la APA, consideran que la energía proveniente de la fracción biogénica de los RSMs es renovable.
## Otros Combustibles Alternativos
[Combustibles Derivados de Residuos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html "Combustibles Derivados de Residuos")
[Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-neumaticos.html "Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos")
[Lodos de Depuradora](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodos de Depuradora")
## Servicios ASTM D6866 de Beta Analytic
Con estándar de certificación ISO 17025 y con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic tiene el compromiso de ayudar a las empresas en el cumplimiento de reglamentos, como las reglas de rendición obligatoria de cuentas de la APA de los EE.UU. o las iniciativas del Esquema de Comercio de Emisiones de la Unión Europea. Las empresas que consumen los RSMs necesitan determinar la fracción de biomasa de sus emisiones o de los combustibles sólidos porque el CO2 biogénico puede ser deducido de sus inventarios de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, de acuerdo con la mayoría de los protocolos. Con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic tiene oficinas en el Reino Unido, Japón y China.
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### [Städtischer Hausmüll (Municipal Solid Waste MSW) als Quelle von erneuerbarer Energie](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/hausmuell.html)
**Published:** December 12, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Städtischer Hausmüll wird in verschiedenen energie-intensiven Industrien als Alternativ Brennstoff verwendet
- Biomassenfraktion von MSW wird durch [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html) bestimmt
- Beta Analytic fährt fort ASTM D6866 Test MSW Benutzern anzubieten
Gemäß der U.S Umweltschutz Agentur versteht man unter städtischen Hausmüll (MSW) jeglichen festen Hausmüll wie z.B. kommerziellen/ aus dem Einzelhandel stammenden und/oder institutionellen Abfall. MSW besteht aus alltäglichen Materialien, wie Papier, Plastik, Möbeln, Kleidung, Grassabfällen, Flaschen, Gummi, Metall, Essensresten, Farbe und Batterien. MSW stammt jedoch nicht nur aus häuslichen Quellen, sondern auch aus geschäftlichen (Büromaterialien, Einzel-und Großhandel, Restaurants), institutionellen (Büchereien, Schulen, Krankenhäuser, Gefängnissen) und industriellen Quellen (Verpackung und Administration). Abfällen die als MSW klassifizieren sind ungefährlich.
Als Teil ihres Hausmüll Management Programm, begünstigt eine Vielzahl von U.S Bundesstaaten, Quellenreduktionen, Recycling und Kompostierung um die Abfalldeponien zu verkleinern. Verschiedene Staaten haben zudem Materialentsorgungsverbote – Blätter, Grass, allgemeine Gartenabfälle, Büro- und Computerpapier, Zeitungen, Pappe, Karton, Glass, Plastik, Aluminium und Stahl werden von Abfalldeponien nicht mehr aufgenommen.
Viele Einrichtungen verbrennen MSW bei hoher Temperatur, nicht nur um ihr Müllvolumen zu verringern, sondern auch um Elektrizität zu erzeugen. Dies ist jedoch nicht die umweltfreundlichste Strategie für MSW. Die Verbrennung von MSW mit Energieabbau wird von der U.S EPA über die Verwendung von Abfalldeponie und Abfallverbrennung ohne Energieabbau bevorzugt.
## ASTM D6866 für MSW Tests
In seinem vorgeschlagenen Treibhausgas Auswertungsgesetz, sollten die U.S EPA Staaten die MSW verbrennen U.S. EPA Staaten die MSW verbrennen, ASTM D6866 benutzen um den biogenetischen Anteil ihrer Kohlenstoffdioxidemission zu bestimmen.
Die erforderliche Bedingung der westlichen Klimainitiative für das Auswertungsgesetz verlangt desweitern, dass ASTM D6866 Tests den Biomassen Prozentanteil der Kohlenstoffdioxide, ermittelt durch die allgemeine stationäre Verbrennung und durch die Benutzung von gemischten Brennstoffen und von Abfall abgeleiteten Brennstoffen, bemisst. Diese Regelung fällt unter MSW, welches das WCI als von Abfall abgleitender Brennstoff beschreibt.
California’s AB32/SB32 empfiehlt **ASTM D6866 Tests** zur Bestimmung von Biomassen von Emissionen von allgemeinen stationären Verbrennungseinheiten in der Zement und Elektrizität generierenden Industrie. California ist Mitglied der WCI.
## Erneuerbare Energie aus Müll produziert
Wenn MSW bei hoher Temperatur verbrannt wird, wird Energie produziert und als Hitze oder Dampf zurückgewonnen. Die Anzahl von Energie produziert durch die Verbrennung von MSW ist nicht festgelegt und hängt von der Müll Komposition ab. Die nicht biogenetischen Komponenten von MSW, wie z.B. Plastik, haben normalerweise einen höheren Hitzegehalt per Einheitsgewicht als ein biogenetisches Material wie z.B. Papier.
Gemäß dem [US Energie Informationsadministrationsbericht](https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/pdf/historical/msw.pdf) der im Mai 2007 veröffentlicht wurde, hat sich der Energiegehalt von MSW (genannt als BTU pro Tonne) mit der Zeit vergrößert, während sich der Prozentanteil des totalen Energiegehalts der sich aus der biogenetischen Quelle gebildet hat verkleinert. Diese Vergrößerung des totalen Energiegehalts wurde zugeordnet um das Volumen von Plastik und anderen nicht biogenetischen Materialien der in Müll enthalten ist zu vergrößern. Energie von biogenetischen Quellen verkleinern sich, nicht nur wegen der Vergrößerung des Plastikvolumens, sondern auch durch Papier und Pappe, welches einen großen Prozentanteil von MSW in der Vergangenheit ausmacht, nun jedoch recycelt anstatt verbrannt wird.
Ein signifikanter Anteil des MSW ist weiterhin Biomasse, jedoch ist MSW weiterhin eine gute Quelle von erneuerbarer Energie. Viele gesetzlichen Einrichtungen, einschließlich die EPA, bezeichnet Energie von biogenetischen Fraktionen von MSW als erneuerbar.
## Andere alternative Brennstoffe
[Von Abfall abgeleiteter Brennstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html "Von Abfall abgeleiteter Brennstoffe")
[Von Reifen abgeleiteter Brennstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altreifen.html "Von Reifen abgeleiteter Brennstoffe")
[Abwasserschlamm](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Abwasserschlamm")
## Beta Analytic ASTM D6866 Service
Akkreditiert zu ISO 17025 Standard, hat Beta Analytic es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht Unternehmen dabei zu helfen, Bewertungsregelungen der US EPA’s und der Initiativen der EU Emission Handelsprogramm zu erfüllen. Unternehmen, die MSW verbrennen, müssen die Biomassenfraktion von der Emission oder dem festen Brennstoff bestimmen, da biogenetisches CO2 von ihrem Treibhausgasinventoren unter den meisten Protokollen abgezogen werden kann. Beta Analytic ist in Miami, Florida ansässig und hat weitere Einrichtungen in UK, Japan und China.
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### [廃タイヤ及びタイヤ由来燃料](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- タイヤ由来燃料(TDF)は再生可能エネルギー源としてエネルギー多消費型産業おいて利用されています
- ASTM D6866試験によってTDFのバイオマス炭素含有量を測定できます
- ASTM D6866試験で世界をリードするベータ・アナリティック社は、燃料中のバイオマス炭素含有量を測定することによってTDF利用者が各規制に適合するようご支援いたします
エネルギー多消費型産業 (例えばセメント工場、発電施設、製紙パルプ工場)では、高い発熱量をもつ廃タイヤは有効な代替燃料となります。 米国環境保護省によると、タイヤの燃焼によるエネルギー量は、石油と同等、石炭の125-150%、木材の200-300%になります。
廃タイヤは石炭、木材の補助燃料として利用されています。 長年にわたり燃焼施設では、高エネルギーという理由だけでなく、石炭より安価であること、排出ガスがクリーンであること、含水量が低いなどの理由により廃タイヤを使用してきました。 米国EPAテストでは、(a)タイヤ焼却灰は石炭よりも重金属含有量が少ない場合がある、(b)タイヤ燃焼ガスは硫黄を多く含む石炭の燃焼ガスと比較してNox量が少ない、といいうことがわかっています。
米国EPAは、廃タイヤの埋め立て処分よりも廃棄物燃料として使用することを支持しています。 廃タイヤを山積みにして廃棄することは、火災の危険性や衛生上の理由(ネズミ、蚊、その他病原体の繁殖)からも好ましくありません。
米国では毎年、何百万もの廃タイヤが発生しますが、その大部分は新しい製品へリサイクル、土木工学へ利用、廃タイヤ燃料(TDF)として再利用されます。 米国EPAでは、80以上の施設における15年以上の経験に基づき、TDFを化石燃料の有効な代替品として考えています。
燃焼装置の大きさにもよりますが、各施設ではタイヤをそのまま使用するか、または廃タイヤ燃料と呼ばれる細断された形で使用します。
## 廃タイヤのバイオマス含有量
廃タイヤの大きさにもよりますが、廃タイヤの最大30％がバイオマスであることがASTM D6866試験により分かっています。 Aliapur社（フランス）の研究によると、乗用車用の廃タイヤには17〜20％のバイオマス成分が含まれる一方で、トラック用の廃タイヤには28〜30％バイオマス成分が含まれています。 タイヤのバイオマス成分は、天然ゴム、レーヨン、ステアリン酸などです。
| 種類 | 乗車用廃タイヤ | トラック用廃タイヤ | 石炭 | 石油コークス |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| バイオマス | 17-20.3% (平均値 18.3%) | 28.6-29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| 炭素含有量 | 67.5 – 70.1% (平均値 69.0%) | 59.7-62.6% (61.1%) | 64-68% | 84-97% |
| NCV (MJ/kg)\* | 29.5 – 30.6 (平均値 30.2) | 26.1 – 26.7 (26.4) | 26 | 32 |
*表 1 –[Aliapur社の研究結果より。](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document)詳細は Aliapur社の ウェブサイト をご参照ください。 燃焼された廃タイヤやタイヤ由来燃料はバイオマス濃度が高いため、石炭や石油コークスより化石起源CO2排出量が少ないのです。 そのため廃タイヤは有効な代替燃料となります。 廃タイヤは安価でかつ化石起源CO2排出量が少なく、その上従来の化石燃料と同量のエネルギーを発生します。 \*真発熱量（NCV：Net Calorific Value）*
## タイヤ由来燃料(TDF) のASTM D6866
米国EPA、 西部気候イニシアチブを含む規制機関では、不均一燃料やTDFのような廃棄物燃料を燃焼するセメント産業や発電産業等に排出二酸化炭素中のバイオマス起源CO2の測定を義務づけています。 これらの規制機関では [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") 試験の利用を推奨しています。 TDFやその他廃棄物燃料を燃焼させる産業では、温室効果ガス排出量の報告が義務づけられています。 [カーボンニュートラルCO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "biogenic CO2") は温室効果ガス排出量から差し引くことができます。そのためASTM D6866試験によるバイオマス起源CO2含有量の決定は、「排出量取引制度：cap-and-trade」での温室効果ガス排出量の削減またカーボンクレジットの獲得に寄与できます。
## タイヤ由来燃料とは？
タイヤ由来燃料とは、一般的に2cm〜5cmに細断された廃タイヤのことです。 細断プロセスでは廃タイヤのサイズを微小化するだけでなく、繊維の除去や強力磁石の使用により金属線を取り除きます。 このプロセスにより、TDFは未加工のタイヤを使用するほどコスト効率が良くはありませんが、すべての燃焼装置がそのまま未加工のタイヤのサイズに適応できるわけではないので現在でも需要があります。
セメント工場のなかには、燃焼装置が十分に大きいこと、またクリンカーを作る際に必要な鉄を金属線が加えることから、そのままタイヤを使用しています。 一方、製紙パルプ工場では、ボイラー給水システムが詰まらないように、また農家へ売られる灰に鉄が混入しないように金属線を除去したTDFの使用が必要となります。
TDFにはグレードがあり、金属線フリーTDFは通常のTDFより50％程度高額です。
## TDFを利用する産業
***セメント***
セメント産業では、他の産業よりも廃タイヤ燃料を利活用しています。 米国EPAによると、年間約5300万本のタイヤが米国のセメント工場で使用されています。 州また地方環境機関で21州の48セメント工場でのTDFの使用を認めています(2006年)。
セメント工場では、ポートランド・セメントの製造で主成分となるクリンカーを作る際に燃料としてタイヤを使用します。
***製紙とパルプ***
製紙パルプ産業では、年間約2600万本のタイヤがボイラー燃料として使用されています。 製紙パルプ工場では、金属線が給水システムを詰まらせる可能性があるため、未加工のタイヤを使用する代わりにTDFが使用されます。
***電気事業***
電気事業のボイラーでは、年間約2400万本のタイヤが使用されています。 これらのボイラーでは発電のために石炭が燃焼されますが、TDFの高い発熱量と低コストのために、現在では石炭の補足としてTDFを使用しています。
***工業用・公共施設用ボイラー***
一般に電気事業用ボイラーより小さい工業用ボイラーでは、混合燃料の補足としてTDFが使用されています。 年間約1700万本のタイヤが工業用ボイラーで使用されます。
## ベータ・アナリティック社によるTDF利用者へのASTM D6866 試験の提供
フロリダ州マイアミを拠点とするベータ・アナリティック社は、バイオマス含有量試験により、廃タイヤ利用者のご要望にお応えしております。 ASTM D6866試験はTDFまたはその燃焼排出ガスに適用されます。 ベータ・アナリティック社への固体、気体サンプルの送付方法につきましては、 [こちら](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biogenic-co2-shipping.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements") をご参照ください。
## その他の代替燃料
[ごみ固形燃料(RDF：Refuse-Derived Fuel)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "waste-derived fuel for ASTM D6866 testing")
[都市廃棄物 ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "about waste incineration and ASTM D6866")
[下水汚泥](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "ASTM D6886 for waste-to-energy sewage sludge")
---
### [Pneus Sucateados e Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-pneus.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Combustíveis derivados de pneus são usados em indústrias de energia intensiva como fonte de energia renovável
- A fração biogênica dos CDPs é medida pelo método ASTM D6866
- A Beta Analytic, líder mundial em ASTM D6866, ajuda os usuários de CDPs a cumprirem com os regulamentos, fornecendo certificação do conteúdo de biomassa de seus combustíveis
Seu valor de alto-aquecimento faz com que os pneus sucateados sejam um bom combustível alternativo para as indústrias com processos de energia intensiva – ex. fábricas de cimento, instalações de geração de eletricidade e fábricas de celulose e papel. Quando queimados, os pneus produzem a mesma quantidade de energia que o petróleo, cerca de 25 a 50% mais energia que o carvão, e de 100 a 200% mais energia que a madeira, de acordo com a Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos EUA.
Pneus sucateados costumavam ser utilizados como combustível suplementar ao carvão e à madeira. Ao longo dos anos, um número crescente de instalaçõesvem usando pneus sucateados não apenas devido ao seu alto conteúdo de energia, mas também porque são mais baratos que o carvão, produzem emissões mais limpas e têm um conteúdo de baixo teor de umidade.Os testes da APA dos EUA mostram que (a) os resíduos de cinzas de pneus contêm metais menos pesados do que alguns tipos de carvão, e (b) a combustão de pneus resulta em menos emissões de NOx,comparado-se com a queima de carvão com alto teor de enxofre.
A APA dos EUA dá preferência à geração de energia através do uso de pneus sucateados do que os aterros sanitários. O amontoamento de pneus é algo desfavorável devido ao risco de incêndio e por questões de saúde (ratos, mosquitose outros organismos causadores de doenças se desenvolvem bem em pneus amontoados).
Milhões de pneus são descartados todos os anos nos EUA e uma boa parte deles é reciclada para produzir novos produtos, sendo usada na construção civil ou reutilizada para produzir combustíveis derivados de pneus (CDPs). A APA dos EUA reconhece que os CDPs representam uma alternativa viável aos combustíveis fósseis, baseado em sua experiência de mais de 15 anos com mais de 80 instalações.
Dependendo do tamanho de suas unidades de combustão, as instalações usam pneus inteiros ou rasgados em tiras, os quais são conhecidos como combustível derivado de pneus.
## Fração de Biomassa dos Pneus Sucateados
Dependendo de seu tamanho, os pneus sucateados podem ter até 30% de biomassa, tal como pode ser constatado pelo método ASTM D6866. De acordo com um estudo feito pela empresa francesa Aliapur, os pneus sucateados de carros utilitários têm frações de biomassa de 17 a 20%, enquanto que os pneus sucateados de caminhões têm frações de biomassa de 28 a30%. Os componentes de biomassa dos pneus incluem a borracha natural, o raiom e o ácido esteárico.
| Parâmetro | Pneus Sucateados de Carros Utilitários | Pneus Sucateados de Caminhões | Carvão | Coque de Petróleo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomassa | de 17 a 20.3% (18.3% em média) | de 28.6 a 29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Carbono | de 67.5 a 70.1% (69.0% em média) | de 59.7 a 62.6% (61.1%) | de 64 a 68% | de 84 a 97% |
| VCN (MJ/kg) | de 29.5 a 30.6 (30.2% em média) | de 26.1 a 26.7% (26.4%) | 26% | 32% |
*Tabela 1 – Valores selecionados do [Estudo da Aliapur.](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document)*
Devido às suas significativas frações de biomassa, os pneus sucateados incinerados e os combustíveis derivados de pneus produzem emissões com menos dióxido de carbono de origem fóssil, em comparação com o carvão e o coque de petróleo. Portanto, os pneus sucateados representam uma boa fonte alternativa de combustível. Eles são mais baratos e emitem menos CO2 fóssil, mas sua produção de calor é semelhante aos combustíveis tradicionais.
## ASTM D6866 para Testar as Emissões dos CDPs
Vários órgãos de regulamentação, incluindo a APA dos EUA e a Iniciativa Ocidental do Clima, requerem que as fábricas de cimento, os serviços públicos de eletricidadee outras instalações que consomem combustíveis heterogêneos ou derivados de resíduos, tal como os CDPs, determinem a fração biogênica de suas emissões de CO2. Estas agências recomendam que o método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") seja utilizado para este propósito.
As indústrias que consomem os CDPs e outros tipos de combustível derivados de resíduos precisam prestar contas de seus inventários de gases de efeito estufa, os quais excluem o [CO2 de carbono neutro](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "biogenic CO2"). Conhecendo a fração de biomassa de suas emissões através do método ASTM D6866, as indústriassão ajudadas a diminuirseus inventários de GEE e a obter créditos de carbono quando sistemas de“limite e comércio” (ou “cap-and-trade”, em inglês) estão em funcionamento.
## O que são os Combustíveis Derivados de Pneus?
Os combustíveis derivados de pneus são pneus sucateados que foram rasgados em tiras, normalmente entre uma e duas polegadas (de 2,54cm a 5,08cm). O processo de retalhamentonão envolve apenas a diminuição do tamanho mas também a remoção de cintas de metal e tecidos (lonas). Para remover as cintas de metal, é necessário usar ímãs muito fortes. Devido a estes processos, a relação custo-benefício dos CDPs não é tão boa do que quando se pode usar pneus inteiros, mas esse processo continua em demanda porque nem todas as unidades de combustão podem acomodar pneus inteiros.
Algumas fábricas de cimento usam pneus inteiros em suas estufasporque suas unidades de combustão são suficientemente grandes e as cintas de metal fornecem o aço necessário para fazer clínquer. As fábricas de papel e celulose, por outro lado, precisam usar CDPs sem cintas de metal para evitar que os sistemas de alimentação de suas caldeiras sejam obstruidos ou introduzam aço às cinzas que são vendidas ao setor agrícola.
Os CDPs estão disponíveis em diferentes níveis. A variedade sem cintas de metal custa até 50% mais do que os CDPs convencionais.
## Indústrias que Usam os CDPs
***Cimento***
A indústria do cimento usa mais combustíveis derivados de pneus sucateados do que qualquer outra. De acordo com os registros da APA dos EUA, cerca de 53 milhões de pneus são usados em fornos de cimento nos EUA a cada ano. A partir de 2006, agências ambientais estaduais e locais aprovaram o uso dos CDPs em 48 fábricas de cimento em 21 estados.
As fábricas de cimento usam pneus como fonte de combustível na fabricação de clínquer, um componente primário na fabricação de cimento do tipo Portland.
***Papel e Celulose***
A indústria de papel e celulose usa aproximadamente 26 milhões de pneus por ano comofonte de combustível em suas caldeiras. As fábricas de papel e celulose usam os CDPs, ao invés de pneus inteiros, porque as cintas de metal podem obstruir seus sistemas de alimentação.
***Serviços Públicos de Eletricidade***
As caldeiras dos serviços públicos de eletricidade utilizam aproximadamente 24 milhões de pneus anualmente. Estas caldeiras consomem carvão para gerar eletricidade. Devido ao alto valor de aquecimento e ao custo mais baixo dos CDPs, os serviços públicos de eletricidade atualmente usam os CDPs para suplementar o carvão.
***Caldeiras Industriais ou Institucionais***
As caldeiras industriais, que normalmente são menores que as caldeiras usados nos serviços públicos de eletricidade, também usam CDPs para suplementar seus combustíveis mistos. Cerca de 17 milhões de pneus são usados anualmente nas caldeiras industriais.
## Outros Combustíveis Alternativos
[Combustíveis Derivados de Resíduos](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/combustiveis-derivados-de-residuos.html "Combustíveis Derivados de Resíduos")
[Resíduos Sólidos Municipais](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/residuos-solidos-municipais.html "Resíduos Sólidos Municipais")
[Lodo de Esgoto](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodo de Esgoto")
## A Beta Analytic Oferece Serviços de Análise Pelo Método ASTM D6866 aos Usuários de CDPs
Localizado em Miami, Flórida, o Beta Analytic atende às necessidades de utilizadores de combustível derivados de pneus , fornecendo o percentual de carbono biogênico , que pode ser usado para várias aplicações regulatórias , marketing e cálculo do teor de biomassa. A análise pelo método ASTM D6866 pode ser feita com os próprios CDPs ou com as emissões geradas pela combustão dos mesmos. Os requisitos da Beta Analytic referentes às amostras sólidas ou gasosas podem ser encontrados [aqui](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/carbono-renovavel/envio-co2-biogenico.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements").
---
### [Combustibile derivato da pneumatici](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/combustibili-derivati-da-pneumatici.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- I combustibili derivati da pneumatici (CDP) vengono utilizzati nelle industrie ad alta intensità energetica come fonte di energia rinnovabile
- La frazione biogenica dei CDP viene misurata con l’aiuto dell’ASTM D6866
- Beta Analytic è un’azienda leader nel campo dei servizi con l’ASTM D6866 e aiuta le aziende che fanno utilizzo dei CDP ad essere in regola con i regolamenti fornendo loro la certificazione necessaria sul contenuto della biomassa dei loro combustibili
Grazie al loro elevato potere calorifico, gli scarti di pneumatici costituiscono un buon carburante alternativo per le industrie che effettuano processi ad alta intensità energetica, come ad esempio i cementifici, gli impianti di generazione di energia elettrica e le cartiere. Secondo la US Environmental Protection Agency, una volta bruciati gli pneumatici producono la stessa quantità di energia del petrolio, il 25-50% di energia in più rispetto al carbone e il 100-200% di energia in più rispetto al legno,.
Gli scarti di pneumatici possono essere usati come combustibile da integrare al carbone e alla legna. Sempre più impianti di combustione utilizzano gli scarti di pneumatici, non solo a causa del loro elevato contenuto energetico, ma anche perché sono più economici del carbone, producono emissioni più pulite e hanno un basso contenuto di umidità. Le analisi effettuate dalla US EPA hanno dimostrato che (a) i residui di cenere degli pneumatici contengono meno metalli pesanti di alcuni carboni, e (b) la combustione degli pneumatici produce meno emissioni NOx rispetto alla combustione del carbone ad alto contenuto di zolfo.
La U.S. EPA allo smaltimento in discarica preferisce l’energia derivata dagli scarti di pneumatici, poiché gli pneumatici non utilizzati e ammucchiati in pile possono causare incendi ed essere nocivi alla salute per la possibile proliferazione di ratti, zanzare e altri agenti patogeni.
Ogni anno negli Stati Uniti vengono generati milioni di scarti di pneumatici, di cui una buona parte viene riciclata in nuovi prodotti, utilizzata in applicazioni di ingegneria civile o riutilizzata come combustibile derivato da pneumatici (CDP). Con i suoi 15 anni di esperienza in più di 80 impianti la U.S. EPA ha finito con l’ammettere che i CDP costituiscono una valida alternativa ai combustibili fossili.
A seconda delle dimensioni delle loro unità di combustione, gli impianti utilizzano pneumatici interi o triturati che prendono il nome di combustibile derivato da pneumatici.
## La frazione della biomassa delle pile di pneumatici
A seconda delle dimensioni, gli scarti di pneumatici possono avere fino al 30% di biomassa, così come risulta dalle misurazioni effettuate con l’ASTM D6866. Secondo uno studio condotto dalla società francese Aliapur, gli pneumatici usati nelle autovetture hanno una frazione di biomassa tra il 17% al 20%, mentre gli pneumatici usati nei camion hanno tra il 28% e il 30% di biomassa. I componenti della biomassa degli pneumatici sono la gomma naturale, il rayon e l’acido stearico.
| Parametro | Pneumatici usati nelle autovetture | Pneumatici usati nei camion | Carbone | Coke di petrolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomassa | 17-20.3% (mediamente 18.3%) | 28.6-29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Carbonio | 67.5 – 70.1% (mediamente 69.0%) | 59.7-62.6% (61.1%) | 64-68% | 84-97% |
| Valore calorifico netto (MJ/Kg) | 29.5 – 30.6 (mediamente 30.2) | 26.1 – 26.7 (26.4) | 26 | 32 |
*Tabella 1 – Valori dello [studio condotto da Aliapur.](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document)*
Grazie alla loro frazioni significative di biomassa, gli scarti di pneumatici bruciati e il combustibile derivato da pneumatici producono meno emissioni fossili di anidride carbonica rispetto al carbone e al coke di petrolio. Questo rende gli scarti di pneumatici degli ottimi combustibili alternativi: sono più economici ed emettono meno CO2 fossile, ma la loro produzione di calore è simile a quella dei combustibili tradizionali.
## L’ASTM D6866 per le analisi delle emissioni dei CDP
Numerosi organismi di regolamentazione, tra cui la U.S. EPA e la Western Climate Initiative, impongono a cementifici, aziende elettriche e altre strutture che bruciano combustibili eterogenei o derivati da rifiuti di determinare la frazione biogenica delle loro emissioni di CO2 e raccomandano l’uso dell’ [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") per effettuare tale determinazione.
Le industrie che bruciano CDP e da rifiuti devono segnalare le scorte di gas serra, che escludono il [carbonio a emissioni zero](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbonio a emissioni zero"). Conoscere la frazione della biomassa delle loro emissioni con l’ASTM D6866 li aiuterebbe a ridurre le scorte di gas serra e ottenere crediti di carbonio qualora siano in atto sistemi di cap-and-trade.
## Cosa sono i combustibili derivati da pneumatici?
I combustibili derivati da pneumatici sono scarti di pneumatici che sono stati triturati in pezzi di uno e due centimetri. Il processo di frantumazione non riguarda soltanto la riduzione delle dimensioni, ma anche la rimozione di tessuto e fili metallici e l’eliminazione di questi ultimi richiede l’uso di potenti magneti. A causa di questi processi, i CDP non sono così convenienti come per gli pneumatici interi, ma sono ancora richiesti perché non tutte le unità di combustione sono in grado di operare con le dimensioni di uno pneumatico integro.
Alcuni cementifici usano pneumatici interi nei loro forni, perché le loro unità di combustione hanno dimensioni sufficienti e i fili metallici aggiungono il ferro necessario per creare il clinker. I produttori di carta e cellulosa, invece, necessitano dell’uso di CDP senza fili metallici, in modo da non intasare i sistemi di alimentazione delle caldaie, oppure introducono ferro alla cenere che viene venduta agli agricoltori.
Il CDP si presenta sotto varie forme senza la presenza di fili metallici e può costare fino al 50% in più del CDP normale.
## Le industrie che utilizzano il CDP
***Cemento***
L’industria del cemento è il settore che più di tutti utilizza combustibili derivati da scarti di pneumatici. Secondo i dati della US EPA, circa 53 milioni di pneumatici vengono usati ogni anno nei forni dei cementifici americani. A partire dal 2006, gli enti ambientali statali e locali hanno approvato l’uso del CDP in 48 cementifici di 21 Paesi degli Stati Uniti.
I cementifici utilizzano gli pneumatici come combustibile per creare il clinker, ovvero un componente primario nella produzione di cemento Portland.
***Cellulosa e Carta***
L’industria della cellulosa e della carta utilizza circa 26 milioni di pneumatici all’anno come combustibile per le proprie caldaie e preferisce agli pneumatici interi i CDP perché i fili metallici potrebbero far inceppare i sistemi di alimentazione.
***Aziende elettriche***
Le caldaie delle aziende elettriche utilizzano ogni anno circa 24 milioni di pneumatici e bruciano carbone per generare elettricità. A causa dell’elevato potere calorifico e del basso costo, gli impianti che generano elettricità utilizzano il CDP per integrare il carbone.
***Caldaie industriali o istituzionali***
Anche le caldaie industriali, che sono solitamente più piccole di quelle delle aziende elettriche, fanno uso di CDP come supplemento ai loro combustibili misti e ogni anno usano circa 17 milioni di pneumatici.
## Altri combustibili alternativi
[Combustibili derivati da Rifiuti](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html "Combustibili derivati da Rifiuti")
[Rifiuti solidi urbani](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "Rifiuti solidi urbani")
[Fanghi di Depurazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Fanghi di Depurazione")
## L’ASTM D6866 di Beta Analytic per chi fa uso di CDP
Beta Analytic, un laboratorio con sede a Miami, Florida, soddisfa le necessità degli utilizzatori di combustibili derivati da pneumatici misurando la percentuale di carbonio biogenico, che può essere utilizzata per dimostrare l’ottemperanza alle normative, per il calcolo del contenuto di biomassa o a scopo di marketing. Le analisi con l’ASTM D6866 possono essere effettuate sul CDP o sulle sue emissioni. I requisiti sul campionamento di solidi e gas sono consultabili nel presente [link](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/carbonio-rinnovabile/co2-biogenico-spedizione.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements").
---
### [Les pneumatiques usagés et le carburant dérivé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-pneus.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Les carburants dérivés de pneumatiques (CDP) sont utilisés comme source d’énergie renouvelable dans les industries à forte demande énergétique
- La fraction biogène d’un CDP est mesurée par l’ASTM D6866
- Beta Analytic, leader mondial ASTM D6866, aide les utilisateurs de CDP à se conformer aux réglementations en fournissant une certification de la teneur en biomasse de leurs carburants
Leur pouvoir calorifique élevé fait des pneumatiques usagés un bon carburant alternatif pour les industries demandant beaucoup d’énergie, comme par exemple les cimenteries, les installations de production d’électricité, et les usines de pâtes et papiers. Les pneumatiques, lorsqu’ils sont brûlés, produisent la même quantité d’énergie que le pétrole, 25 à 50 % de plus que le charbon, et 100 à 200 % de plus que le bois, selon l’Agence américaine de Protection de l’Environnement (EPA).
Les pneumatiques usagés ont été utilisés comme carburant d’appoint pour le charbon et le bois. Au fil des ans, de plus en plus d’installations de combustion utilisent des pneus usagés, non seulement en raison de leur haute teneur en énergie, mais aussi par leur moindre coût en comparaison avec le charbon. Leur combustion permet également des émissions plus propres, et leur teneur en humidité est faible. Les tests de l’EPA américaine ont montré que i) les résidus calcinés de pneumatiques contiennent moins de métaux lourds que certains charbons, ii) la combustion de pneumatiques dégage moins de NOx comparée à la combustion à haute teneur en soufre du charbon.
L’EPA américaine privilégie l’approche de la transformation des déchets en énergie pour les vieux pneumatiques, plutôt que l’enfouissement. Les piles de pneus sont déconseillées à cause des risques d’incendie d’une part, mais surtout pour des raisons sanitaires (les rats, les moustiques et d’autres organismes causant des maladies s’y développent).
Des millions de pneumatiques sont mis au rebut chaque année aux États-Unis, dont une bonne partie est soit recyclée en nouveaux produits, soit utilisée dans des applications du génie civil, ou réutilisée comme combustibles dérivés des pneumatiques (CDP). L’EPA des États-Unis, se basant sur une expérience de plus de 15 ans et avec plus de 80 installations, reconnait les CDP comme une alternative viable aux combustibles fossiles.
Selon la taille de leurs unités de combustion, les installations utilisent des pneumatiques entiers ou sous forme déchiquetée; c’est cela qui est appelé carburant dérivé de pneumatiques.
## Fraction de biomasse des pneumatiques usagés
Selon leur taille, et tels que mesurés par la norme ASTM D6866, les pneumatiques usagés peuvent contenir une teneur en biomasse allant jusqu’à 30 %. Selon une étude réalisée par la société française Aliapur, la teneur en biomasse des pneumatiques usagés pour voitures est de 17 à 20 %; celle des pneumatiques pour camions est de 28 à 30 %. Les composants organiques des pneumatiques comprennent le caoutchouc naturel, la rayonne, et l’acide stéarique.
| Paramètre | Pneumatiques usagés de voitures particulières | Pneumatiques usagés de camions | Charbon | Coke de pétrole |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomasse | 17 à 20,3 % (moy. 18,3 %) | 28,6 à 29,7 % (29,1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Carbone | 67,5 à 70,1% (moy. 69.0 %) | 59,7 à 62,6 % (61,1%) | 64 à 68 % | 84 à 97 % |
| PCI (MJ/kg) | 29,5 à 30,6 (moy. 30,2) | 26,1 à 26,7 (26,4) | 26 | 32 |
*Tableau 1 – Valeurs extraites de l’étude Aliapur. Les détails des résultats peuvent être téléchargés à partir du site web d’Aliapur.*
En raison de leur fraction de biomasse importante, les pneumatiques usagés brûlés et le carburant qui en découle produisent moins d’émissions de dioxyde de carbone fossile que le charbon et le coke de pétrole. Ainsi, les pneumatiques usagés font-ils de bons carburants alternatifs. Ils sont moins chers et émettent moins de CO2 fossile, mais leur production de chaleur est similaire aux carburants traditionnels.
## La norme ASTM D6866 pour l’analyse des émissions des CDP
Plusieurs organismes de réglementation, dont l’EPA des États-Unis et l’Initiative occidentale pour le Climat, exigent, pour les cimenteries, installations électriques et autres usines brûlant des combustibles hétérogènes ou résiduaires tels que les CDP, que la fraction d’origine non fossile de leurs émissions de CO2 soit déterminée. Ces organismes recommandent à cet effet l’utilisation de la norme [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions").
Les industries utilisant du CDP et d’autres carburants résiduaires doivent déclarer les inventaires de leurs émissions de gaz à effet de serre, qui excluent le [CO2 neutre en carbone](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "CO2 neutre en carbone"). Connaître la fraction organique de leurs émissions au moyen de l’ASTM D6866 les aident à réduire leurs inventaires de GES et à obtenir des crédits carbone, une fois les systèmes de plafonnement et d’échange en place.
## Qu’est-ce que le combustible dérivé de pneumatiques (CDP) ?
Il est constitué de pneumatiques usagés qui ont été déchiquetés, généralement en morceaux de 2,5 à 5 cm. Le processus de déchiquetage n’implique pas seulement la réduction de la taille, mais également le retrait des structures de type tissus ou métalliques, nécessitant le recours à de puissants aimants pour ces dernières. Pour ces raisons, les CDP ne sont pas aussi économiques que les pneumatiques entiers, mais sont toujours demandés, car toutes les unités de combustion ne peuvent s’adapter à la taille d’un pneumatique.
Certaines cimenteries utilisent des pneumatiques entiers dans leurs fours, car leurs unités de combustion sont assez grandes et les fils métalliques ajoutent du fer nécessaire à la production de clinker. Les usines de pâtes et papiers doivent, elles, utiliser des CDP sans aucun fils afin de ne pas obstruer les systèmes d’alimentation des chaudières, ou introduire du fer dans la cendre, vendue aux agriculteurs.
Il existe plusieurs catégories de CDP, ceux ne contenant plus aucun fils sont 50 % plus chers que ceux qui en contiennent.
## Industries utilisant du CDP
***Ciment***
L’industrie du ciment utilise plus de combustible provenant de pneumatiquess usagés que toute autre industrie. Selon l’EPA des États-Unis, environ 53 millions de pneus sont utilisés dans les fours à ciment américains chaque année. Depuis 2006, les agences gouvernementales et locales ont notamment approuvé l’utilisation de CDP pour 48 cimenteries, dans 21 États.
Les cimenteries utilisent des pneumatiques en tant que combustible pour la production de clinker, un élément principal dans la fabrication du ciment de Portland.
***Pâtes et papiers***
L’industrie des pâtes et papiers utilise environ 26 millions de pneumatiques par an en tant que combustible de chaudière. Les usines de pâtes et papiers utilisent des CDP au lieu de pneus entiers, car les fils métalliques peuvent obstruer leurs systèmes d’alimentation.
***Centrales électriques***
Les chaudières des centrales électriques brûlent environ 24 millions de pneus par an. Ces chaudières brûlent du charbon pour produire de l’électricité. En raison de la valeur calorifique élevée et du faible coût des CDP, les installations génératrices d’électricité utilisent maintenant des CDP en supplément du charbon.
***Les chaudières industrielles ou institutionnelles***
Les chaudières industrielles, qui sont généralement plus petites que celles des centrales électriques, utilisent également des CDP en supplément de leurs combustibles mixtes. Environ 17 millions de pneus sont utilisés dans les chaudières industrielles chaque année.
## D’autres carburants alternatifs
[Les combustibles dérivés de déchets](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/combustibles-derives-de-dechets.html "Les combustibles dérivés de déchets")
[Les déchets solides municipaux](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "Les déchets solides municipaux")
[Les boues d’épuration](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Les boues d'épuration")
## Beta Analytic fournit des analyses selon la norme ASTM D6866 aux utilisateurs de CDP
Beta Analytic répond aux besoins des utilisateurs de carburant dérivé des pneumatiques usagés en fournissant le pourcentage de carbone biogène, qui peut être utilisé pour diverses applications réglementaires ou marketing et pour calculer le contenu en biomasse. Les mesures effectuées selon la norme ASTM D6866 peuvent l’être sur les CDP, ou sur leurs émissions de combustion. Les consignes d’échantillonnage de Beta Analytic pour les solides ou les gaz peuvent être consultées [ici](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/carbone-renouvelable/envoi-co2-biogenique.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements").
---
### [Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-neumaticos.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Combustibles derivados de neumáticos son utilizados en industrias de energía intensiva como fuente de energía renovable
- Se mide la fracción biogénica de los CDNs por el método ASTM D6866
- Beta Analytic, líder mundial en ASTM D6866, ayuda a los usuarios de CDNs a cumplir con los reglamentos, ofreciendo certificación del contenido de biomasa de sus combustibles
Su alto valor calorífico hace que los neumáticos desechados sean un buen combustible alternativo para las industrias con procesos de energía intensiva – por ejemplo, industrias de cemento, instalaciones generadoras de electricidad y fábricas de celulosa y papel. Durante su incineración, los neumáticos producen la misma cantidad de energía que el petróleo, alrededor de 25 a 50% más energía que el carbón, y de 100 a 200% más energía que la madera, de acuerdo con la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de los EE.UU.
Los neumáticos desechados normalmente son utilizados como combustible suplementar al carbón y a la madera. A lo largo de los años, un número creciente de instalaciones están utilizando neumáticos desechados no sólo por su alto contenido de energía, sino también porque son más baratos que el carbón, producen emisiones más limpias y tienen un bajo contenido de humedad. Las pruebas de la APA de los EE.UU. muestran que (a) los residuos de cenizas de neumáticos contienen metales menos pesados que algunos tipos de carbón, y (b) la combustión de neumáticos produce menos emisiones de NOx, en comparación con la incineración de carbón con alto contenido de azufre.
La APA de los EE.UU. da preferencia a la generación de energía a través del uso de neumáticos desechados en lugar de los vertederos. Los tiraderos de neumáticos son desfavorables por razón de los riesgos de incendio y por cuestiones de salud (ratas, mosquitos y otros organismos causantes de enfermedades se desarrollan bien en los tiraderos de neumáticos).
Millones de neumáticos son desechados todos los años en los EE.UU. y se recicla una buena parte de ellos para producir nuevos productos, los cuales son utilizados en la construcción civil o re-utilizados para producir combustibles derivados de neumáticos (CDNs). La APA de los EE.UU. reconoce que los CDNs representan una alternativa viable a los combustibles fósiles, basado en su experiencia de más de 15 años con más de 80 fábricas.
Dependiendo del tamaño de sus unidades de combustión, las instalaciones utilizan neumáticos enteros o fragmentados, los cuales son conocidos como combustibles derivados de neumáticos.
## Fracción de Biomasa de los Neumáticos Desechados
Dependiendo de su tamaño, los neumáticos desechados pueden contener hasta 30% de biomasa, como puede ser verificado por el método ASTM D6866. De acuerdo con un estudio hecho por la empresa francesa Aliapur, los neumáticos desechados de vehículos utilitarios contienen fracciones de biomasa de 17 a 20%, mientras los neumáticos desechados de camiones contienen fracciones de biomasa de 28 a 30%. Los componentes de biomasa de los neumáticos incluyen caucho natural, rayón y ácido esteárico.
| Parámetro | Neumáticos Desechados de Vehículos Utilitarios | Neumáticos Desechados de Camiones | Carbón | Coque de Petróleo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomasa | de 17 a 20.3% (18.3% en promedio) | de 28.6 a 29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Carbón | de 67.5 a 70.1% (69.0% en promedio) | de 59.7 a 62.6% (61.1%) | de 64 a 68% | de 84 a 97% |
| VCN (MJ/kg) | de 29.5 a 30.6 (30.2% en promedio) | de 26.1 a 26.7% (26.4%) | 26% | 32% |
*Cuadro 1 – Valores seleccionados de[l Estudio de Aliapur.](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document)*
Debido a sus significativas fracciones de biomasa, los neumáticos desechados incinerados y los combustibles derivados de neumáticos producen emisiones con menos dióxido de carbono de origen fósil, en comparación con el carbón y el coque de petróleo. Por consiguiente, los neumáticos desechados representan una buena fuente alternativa de combustible. Ellos son más baratos y emiten menos CO2 fósil, pero su producción de calor es similar a los combustibles tradicionales.
## ASTM D6866 para Analizar las Emisiones de los CDNs
Varios organismos reguladores, incluyendo la APA de los EE.UU. y la Iniciativa Occidental del Clima, requieren que las fábricas de cemento, los servicios públicos de electricidad y otras instalaciones que consumen combustibles heterogéneos o derivados de residuos, como losCDNs, determinen la fracción biogénica de sus emisiones de CO2. Estas agencias recomiendan que el método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") sea utilizado para este propósito.
Las industrias que consumen los CDNs y otros tipos de combustible derivados de residuos deben rendir cuentas de sus inventarios de gases de efecto invernadero, los cuales excluyen el [CO2 de carbono neutral](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "CO2 de carbono neutral"). Conociendo la fracción de biomasa de sus emisiones a través del método ASTM D6866, las industrias son ayudadas a reducir sus inventarios de GEI y a obtener créditos de carbono cuando hay sistemas de “limite y comercio” (o “cap-and-trade”, en inglés) en operación.
## ¿Qué son los Combustibles Derivados de Neumáticos?
Los combustibles derivados de neumáticos son neumáticos desechados que han sido fragmentados, normalmente entre una y dos pulgadas (de 2,54cm a 5,08cm). El proceso de trituración incluye no solamente la disminución del neumático sino también la eliminación de las correas de metal y tejidos (tela). Para quitar las correas de metal es necesario utilizar imanes muy fuertes. Por causa de estos procesos, la relación costo-beneficio de los CDNs no es tan buena que cuando se puede utilizar neumáticos enteros, pero este proceso aún se encuentra en demanda porque no todas las unidades de combustión pueden acomodar neumáticos enteros.
Algunas fábricas de cemento utilizan neumáticos enteros en sus invernaderos porque sus unidades de combustión son suficientemente grandes y las correas de metal proporcionan el acero necesario para hacer Clinker. Las fábricas de papel y celulosa, por otro lado, necesitan utilizar los CDNs sin correas de metal para evitar que los sistemas de alimentación de sus calderas sean obstruidos o introduzcan acero a las cenizas que son vendidas al sector agrícola.
Los CDNs están disponibles en diferentes categorías. La variedad libre de correas de metal cuesta hasta 50% más que los CDNs convencionales.
## Industrias que Utilizan los CDNs
***Cemento***
La industria de cemento utiliza más combustibles derivados de neumáticos desechados que cualquier otra. De acuerdo a los registros de la APA de los EE.UU., alrededor de 53 millones de neumáticos son utilizados en hornos de cemento en los EE.UU. a cada año. Desde 2006, las agencias ambientales estaduales y locales aprobaron el uso de los CDNs en 48 fábricas de cemento en 21 estados.
Las fábricas de cemento utilizan los neumáticos como fuente de combustible en la fabricación de Clinker, un componente primario en la preparación del cemento Portland.
***Papel y Celulosa***
La industria de papel y celulosa utiliza aproximadamente 26 millones de neumáticos por año como fuente de combustible en sus calderas. Las fábricas de papel y celulosa utilizan los CDNs, en lugar de neumáticos enteros, porque las correas de metal pueden obstruir sus sistemas de alimentación.
***Servicios Públicos de Electricidad***
Las calderas de los servicios públicos de electricidad utilizan aproximadamente 24 millones de neumáticos anualmente. Estas calderas consumen carbón para generar electricidad. Debido a lo alto valor calorífico y costo más bajo de los CDNs, los servicios públicos de electricidad actualmente utilizan los CDNs para suplementar el carbón.
***Calderas Industriales o Institucionales***
Las calderas industriales, que normalmente son más pequeñas que las calderas utilizadas en los servicios públicos de electricidad, también utilizan los CDNs para suplementar sus combustibles mezclados. Unos 17 millones de neumáticos son utilizados anualmente en las calderas industriales.
## Otros Combustibles Alternativos
[Combustibles Derivados de Residuos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/combustibles-derivados-de-residuos.html "Combustibles Derivados de Residuos")
[Residuos Sólidos Municipales](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "Residuos Sólidos Municipales")
[Lodos de Depuradora](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Lodos de Depuradora")
## Beta Analytic Ofrece Servicios de Análisis por el Método ASTM D6866 a los Usuarios de CDNs
Ubicado en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic atiende las necesidades de los usuarios de combustibles derivados de neumáticos proporcionando el porcentaje de carbono biogénico, un valor útil para varias aplicaciones reglamentarias, marketing, y para el cálculo del contenido de biomasa. El análisis por el método ASTM D6866 puede ser hecho con los propios CDNs o con las emisiones generadas por su combustión. Los requisitos de Beta Analytic relacionados a las muestras sólidas o gaseosas pueden ser encontrados [aquí](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/carbono-renovable/envio-co2-biogenico.html "ASTM D6866 TDF sample requirements").
---
### [Altreifen und sekundärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altreifen.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen (TDF) wird in energie-intensiven Industrien als Quelle für erneuerbare Energie benutzt
- Biogene Fraktionen von TDF wird anhand von ASTM D6866 bemessen
- ASTM D6866 Weltführer Beta Analytic hilft TDF Benutzer die Regulationen einzuhalten durch die Ausstellung von Zertifikaten ihres Brennstoffbiomassengehalt.
Ihr hoher Wärmewert macht Altreifen zu einem Alternativbrennstoff für Industrien mit Energieintensiven Prozessen, zum Beispiel Zementfabriken, Elektrizitätserzeugene Einrichtungen und Zellstoff- und Papierfabriken. Reifen, wenn verbrannt, produzieren die selbe Menge an Öl, 20-50% mehr Energie als Kohle und 100-200% mehr Energie als Holz, gemäß des US ökologischen Schutzagentur.
Altreifen werden als Erstatzbrennstoff für Kohle und Holz benutzt. Über die Jahre hinweg, benutzen mehr und mehr Verbrennungsanlagen Altreifen, nicht nur wegen ihrem hohen Energiegehalt sondern da sie auch billiger sind als Kohle, eine sauberer Emission produzieren und einen geringen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt aufweisen. Die US EPA Tests haben gezeigt, dass (a) Reifenaschenreststoffe weniger schweres Metall beinhalten als Kohle, und (b) die Reifenverbrennung zu weniger NOx Emissionen im Vergleich zur Verbrennung von hoch schwefelhaltiger Kohle führt.
Die US EPA bevorzugt den Müll zu Energie Ansatz für Altreifen anstatt es zur Abfalldeponie zu bringen. Reifenhaufen sind unvorteilhaft da ein Feuerrisiko und Gesundheitsrisiko (Ratten, Mosquitos und andere Erkrankungs verursachende Organismen in den Reifenhaufen) besteht.
Millionen von Altreifen werden in den USA jedes Jahr generiert, ein guter Anteil davon werden entweder zu neuen Produkten verarbeitet, und für staatliche Ingeneuranwendungen verwendet oder als secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen verwendet (TDF). Die US EPA sieht TDF als eine brauchbare Alternative zu fossilen Brennstoff, welches auf der Agentur mit über 15 Jahren an Erfahrung und 80 Einrichtungen basiert.
Abhängig von der Größe ihrer Verbrennungsanlage, benutzen Einrichtungen ganze Reifen oder in geschredderter Form, welcher als secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen bekannt ist.
## Biomassenfraktion von Altreifen
Abhängig von der Größe, können Altreifen aus bis zu 30% Biomasse bestehen, gemessen nach ASTM D6866. Gemäß einer Studie des französischen Unternehmens Aliapur, haben gebrauchte Autoreifen eine Biomassenfraktion zwischen 17% und 20%, während Lastwagenreifen eine Biomasse zwischen 28% und 30% aufweisen. Die Biomassenkomponenten von Reifen beinhalten Naturgummi, Rayon und Stearinsäure.
| Parameter | Benutzte Autoreifen | Benutzte Lastwagenreifen | Steinkohle | Petroleum Kohle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomasse | 17-20.3% (durchsch. 18.3%) | 28.6-29.7% (29.1 %) | 0% | 0% |
| Kohlenstoff | 67.5 – 70.1% (durchsch. 69.0%) | 59.7-62.6% (61.1%) | 64-68% | 84-97% |
| NCV (MJ/kg) | 29.5 – 30.6 (durchsch. 30.2) | 26.1 – 26.7 (26.4) | 26 | 32 |
*Tabelle 1 – Wähle die Werte von der [Aliapur Studie](https://www.scribd.com/document/563295203/Aliapur-2009-Reference-Document) aus.*
Aufgrund ihrer signifikanten Biomassenfraktion produzieren, verbrannte Altreifen und secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen, weniger fossile Kohlenstoffdioxidemissionen im Vergleich zu Steinkohle und Petroleum Kohle. Altreifen machen einen guten Alternativbrennstoff aus. Dieser ist billiger und sondert weniger fossilen CO2 ab, aber ihr Wärmeoutput ist der selbe als traditioneller Brennstoff.
## ASTM D6866 für TDF Emissionstests
Etliche behördliche Einrichtungen, einschließlich die US EPA und die westliche Klimainitiative, benötigt Zementfabriken, elektrische Unternehmen und andere Einrichtungen, die heterogene Stoffe verbrennen oder von Müll gewonnenen Brennstoff wie zum Beispiel TDF um die biogene Fraktion ihrer CO2 Emissionen zu bestimmen. Diese Agenturen empfehlen die Benutzung von [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-06 for tire combustion emissions") für solch eine Bestimmung.
Industrien, die TDF und andere von Müll gewonnenen Brennstoffe verbrennen, müssen ihre Treibhausgasbestände aufweisen, welche [Kohlenstoff-neutrales CO2 ausschließen](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "biogenic CO2"). Das Wissen der Biomassenfraktion ihrer Emissionen durch ASTM D6866 würde ihnen helfen ihren GHG Bestand zu reduzieren und ihre Kohlenstoffkredite zu erhalten, wenn Begrenzungs- und Handelssystem etabliert sind.
## Was sind secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen?
Secondärer Brennstoff gewonnen aus Altreifen sind Altreifen, die in Stücke zwischen ein und zwei Inches geschreddert wurden. Der Schredderprozess beinhaltet keine Größenreduktion und entfernt Faser und Metalldrähte, wobei das Letztere die Benutzung von kraftvollen Magneten benötigt. Aufgrund dieses Prozesses, sind TDFs nicht so kosteneffektiv wie zum Beispiel ganze Reifen, es besteht jedoch eine Nachfrage, da nicht alle Verbrennungsanlagen ganzen Reifen lagern können.
TDF kommen in verschiedenen Graden, mit drahtlosen TDF ist bis zu 50% teurer als reguläres TDF.
## Industrien die TDF benutzen
***Zement***
Die Zementindustrie benutzt mehr Altreifen als jede andere Industrie. Gemäß der US EPA Berichte, werden um die 53 Millionen an Reifen in US Zementofen pro Jahr benutzt. Seit 2006, haben staatliche und örtliche Umweltagenturen die Benutzung von TDF in 48 Zementwerken in 21 Staaten genehmigt.
Zemtwerke benutzen Reifen als Brennstoffe um Klinker herzustellen, eine hauptsächliche Komponente um Portland Zement herzustellen.
***Papier und Zellstoffe***
Die Papier und Zellstoff Industrie benutzt um die 26 Millionen Reifen pro Jahr als Erhitzungsbrennstoff. Papier und Zellstofffabriken benutzen TDF anstatt ganze Reifen da Metalldrähte ihre Eingabesystem hemmen.
***Elektrizitätswerk***
Boiler in Elektrizitätswerken benutzen bis zu 24 Millionen Reifen jedes Jahr. Diese Boiler verbrennen Kohle um Elektrizität zu erzeugen. Aufgrund des hohen Wärmewert und die geringen Kosten von TDF, benutzen Elektrizitätserzeugungseinrichtungen TDF als Kohleersatz.
***Industrielle oder Institutionelle Boiler***
Industrielle Boiler, die normalerweise kleiner sind als Elektrizitätswerkboiler, benutzen TDF als Ersatz für ihre gemischten Brennstoffe. Über 17 Millionen Reifen werden in industrielle Boiler pro Jahr verwendet.
## Andere alternative Brennstoffe
[Aus Abfall gewonnener Brennstoff](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/brennstoff-aus-altmuell.html "Aus Abfall gewonnener Brennstoff")
[Fester Haushaltsmüll](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html "Fester Haushaltsmüll")
[Abwasserschlamm](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html "Abwasserschlamm")
## Beta Analytic bietet ASTM D6866 für TDF Benutzer an
Das Labor Beta Analytic mit Sitz in Miami, Florida, bietet Unternehmen, die mit sekundären Brennstoffen aus Altreifen arbeiten, präzise Untersuchungen des prozentualen Anteils von biogenem Kohlenstoff wie auch individuelle Beratung; die Bemessung des Anteils an biogenem Kohlenstoff kann für verschiedene Anträge auf behördliche Genehmigungen, das Marketing und Biomassegehalt-Berechnungen verwendet werden kann. ASTM D6866 Tests können entweder am TDF oder ihrer Verbrennungsemission erkennen. Beta Analytic Probenanforderungen für feste und gasförmige Stoffe können [hier](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html "sending samples for EN 15440 testing") gefunden werden.
---
### [ベータ社 ISO/IEC 17025:2017認定](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
放射性炭素年代測定サービスの提供をリードするベータ・アナリティック社は、フロリダ州マイアミ研究所において ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証を受けました。 （ISO/IEC 17025認証機関 [Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditation, Inc](https://www.pjlabs.com/) より認定）ISO/IEC 17025は、いかなる試験、または較正研究所も取得できる認定された最も高い品質レベルの認定規格です。
この認証により、Beta Analyticのマイアミ試験所は、[加速器質量分析 (AMS)](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html) によるによる天然レベルの放射性炭素測定および安定同位体質量分析（IRMS）とキャビティリングダウン分光法(CRDS)による炭素、水素、窒素、酸素の安定同位体比測定において高い技術能力を有することを証明しました。
#### ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証に適用される特定試験は、
(a) AMS を利用した考古学的試料、地質学的試料また水分試料中の放射性炭素年代/放射能、
(b) 有機物および無機物の炭素、水素、窒素、酸素の安定同位体比のIRMSおよびCRDSによる測定;
(c) [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html), [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html), [ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html), [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html), [ISO 19984-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/iso-19984.html) を利用した炭素含有固体、液体、気体物質のための天然物質のバイオベース炭素濃度、
(d) CEN/TS 16137を利用した固形再生燃料(SRF)、廃棄物固形燃料(RDF) via ASTM D6866, [BS EN ISO 21644:2021](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/en-iso-21644.html), EN 16640, ISO 13833 and ISO 16620-2。
全ての試験結果は、ISO/IEC 17025:2017の認定を受けています。 ISO/IEC 17025:2017は、「結果の証明」をテストする研究所品質保証手順の厳しい認定規格です。 ISO/IEC 17025:2017では、データの追跡可能性、照合、文書管理、レポートの正確性、技術経験等の事項に取り組みます。 ベータ・アナリティック社では、試料の分析において利用される認証手順は、460ページの文書化された研究所・経営管理によりサポートされています。
ベータ・アナリティック社 はISO/IEC 17025:2017認証により、極めて優秀で信頼性の高い試験研究所としてその名声を高めました。 また放射性炭素年代測定だけでなく、再生可能炭素試験やバイオベース試験においても当社が第一選択となりました。
## IAF-ILAC-ISO共同コミュニケ
国際認定フォーラム(IAF) 、国際試験所認定協力機構(ILAC) は、「ISO/IEC 17025:2017の必要要件を満たす研究所とは、技術的有効な試験結果や較正を一貫して提供するために研究所にとって必要な技術的適正必要要件、また経営システム必要要件いずれも満たす研究所のことを意味する」という ISOの概念に賛同しています。 ISO/IEC 17025:2017における経営システム必要要件は、ISO 9001:2015 の品質マネージメントシステム−必要要件の原則を満たし、また関連必要要件に連携しています。
---
*最終更新：2023年5月*
---
### [한국바이오소재패키징협회 KBMP’s BP Label](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/korea-label.html)
**Published:** May 11, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- KBMP는 2011년에 인증 프로그램을 시작했습니다.
- 이 프로그램은 최소 25% 이상의 바이오 매스 함량을 보유한 원료 및 그 제품에 해당됩니다.
- KBMP’s BP Label의 유효 기간은 2년이며, 제품의 생분해성과는 관련이 없습니다.
---
참고사항: SGS Beta 연구소는 KBMP 나 바이오 베이스 인증 프로그램과 직접적인 관련은 없습니다만 KBMP 바이오 베이스 인증 프로그램의 일환으로 시료 제출에 관한 문의 사항 환영합니다.
---
한국바이오소재패키징협회(KBMP)는 2011년에 바이오 라벨 인증 프로그램을 시작하여 소비자들의 탄소 절감 제품의 이해와 적절한 소비를 이해시키고 바이오 소재 제품의 촉진에 힘쓰고 있습니다. 인증 제품들은 원자재, 상품, 포장으로 나누며, 라벨에 실제 바이오 매스 함량을 숫자로 표시하는 인증서을 제공합니다. 만약 제품과 포장 모두 인증을 받았다면, 하나의 라벨에 제품과 포장의 숫자를 같이 적은 하나의 인증서를 제공합니다.
요약 :
| 상품의 자격 | 바이오베이스드 원자재 (펠랫), 바이오베이스드 원자재로 만든 완제품과 포장 |
|---|---|
| 기본 충족 사항 | 바이오 함량 25%이상 (KBMP-0107:2011 혹은 [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html)) |
| 추가 정보 | 원자재나 상품이 각각이 아니라 혼합되어 있는 경우, 각 개별 상품으로 인증 과정은 거친다. 전체 무게의 상대적 바이오 함량을 기반으로 인증된다. |
| 인증 유효기간 | 2 년 |
## 한국바이오소재패키징협회 소개
KBMP 은 탄소 중립 바이오 매스 물질과 상품의 사용을 촉진하고 이런 상품 제조 상 발생하는 관련 기술적 문제들을 해결하기 위해 지식 경제부 장관의 허가를 받아 설립되었습니다. 현재 각 분야별 다양한 400 명 이상의 회원이 있습니다. 바이오 매스 제품의 촉진과 원자재의 국산화 외에 바이오 매스 제품의 기준과 인증과정을 제공하며, 국내외 여러 기관들과 서로 의견을 교환하고 있습니다.
자료 출처: [http://www.koreabiopack.org/](http://www.koreabiopack.org)
## SGS Beta 연구소의 ASTM D6866 분석 실험
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증업체인 SGS Beta 연구소는 신속하고 정확한 ASTM D6866 분석 실험을 제공함으로써 한국 바이오 유래 산업을 지원하고 있습니다. 본 연구소의 한국지사는 시료 운송과 대 고객 서비스에 만전을 기하고 있습니다. 모든 분석은 미국 마이애미에 있는 실험실에서 행해집니다.
SGS Beta 연구소는 단 한번의 분석 실험은 연구 개발용으로 상관없지만, 더 나은 신뢰성과 평균치를 얻기위해 최소 2번의 분석 실험을 권유합니다. 법적 결과와 관련해서는 최소한 3-4번의 분석 실험을 권장합니다.
---
### [エコマーク認定](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/eco-mark.html)
**Published:** August 10, 2018
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 商品のライフサイクルを通して環境への影響を総合的に判断
- 文房具から建築資材、エンジンオイルなどにわたって様々な商品およびサービスに適用
- 認定基準は商品の用途や特徴などによって分類されたカテゴリー(商品類型)ごとに制定される
- 植物由来原料の使用が認定要件のひとつとなっている商品類型があり、その証明方法にISO 16620-2 または ASTM D6866試験が採用されている
エコマークの認定基準は商品の用途や特徴などによって分類されたカテゴリー(商品類型)ごとに日本環境協会によって制定されており、それぞれの商品類型によって異なります。
例えば、商品類型 ”No.112 文具･事務用品Version2.2″ では、4-1-1(4)-a)に “メディアケース、OA フィルター(枠あり)、OHP フィルム、クリアホルダー(ファイル)および窓付き封筒(紙製)の窓部分に植物由来プラスチックを使用する際は、製品中のバイオベース合成ポリマー含有率が 25％以上であること”と定められています。またその証明方法として、植物由来プラスチック(原料樹脂）は、”ISO 16620-2 または ASTM D6866 に規定される 14C法によるバイオベース炭素含有率の測定結果の値と成分組成を用い、ISO 16620-3に規定される方法により算出したバイオベース合成ポリマー含有率” の記載が求められています。
## **※SGS Beta ではISO 16620-2 または ASTM D6866の試験を行うことができます。ただし、ISO 16620-3に基づく算出には対応しておりません。**
---
エコマーク認定でISO 16620-2またはASTM D6866試験が証明方法として採用されている商品類型は下記の通りです。
エコマーク商品類型 No.103 ＜新基準＞衣服 Version 3.9
エコマーク商品類型 No.104 ＜新基準＞家庭用繊維製品 Version 3.9
エコマーク商品類型 No.105 ＜新基準＞工業用繊維製品 Version 3.8
エコマーク商品類型 No.112 ＜新基準＞文具･事務用品 Version 2.11
エコマーク商品類型 No.128 ＜新基準＞日用品 Version 1.28
- 食器
- 台所・食卓・ランチ・レジャー用品
- 台所用水切り、廃食用油吸収材、食用油濾過器
- 洗たく・風呂場・サニタリー用品
- 清掃・収納用品、室内装飾・芸術品
- ダストコントロールマット
- 化粧用具、家庭医療関連用品
- ペット・園芸用品
- ゴムホース・手袋・マット等ゴム製品
- 掃除機用フィルター袋
- 空き缶回収機器
- マッチ、つけ木、線香
- その他
エコマーク商品類型 No. 130 ＜新基準＞家具 Version 2.9
エコマーク商品類型 No.140 詰め替え容器・省資源型の容器 Version 1.17
- 植物由来プラスチックを使用したPETボトル（容器）
- 植物由来プラスチックを使用したプラスチック製容器包装
エコマーク商品類型 No.143 靴・履物 Version 1.11
その他詳細は、 [公益財団法人日本環境協会エコマーク事務局](https://www.ecomark.jp/nintei/ "公益財団法人日本環境協会エコマーク事務局") のサイトをご参照ください。
関連する試験規格:
[日本バイオプラスチック協会によるバイオマスプラ識別表示制度](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/biomasspla.html)
---
### [日本バイオプラスチック協会によるバイオマスプラ識別表示制度](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/biomasspla.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- バイオマスプラスチック製品の認証制度
- 製品中のバイオマスプラスチック度が、25.0wt％以上のプラスチック製品
日本バイオプラスチック協会(JBPA、前身は生分解性プラスチック研究会（BPS）)は一般消費者がバイオマスプラスチック製品を容易に識別できるように、日本バイオプラスチック協会が定める識別表示基準に適合する製品を“バイオマスプラ”として認証し、別に定めるバイオマスプラのシンボルマークの使用を許可するバイオマスプラ識別表示制度を定めました。
 
日本バイオプラスチック協会様のウェブサイトによるとバイオマスプラとして認証され、シンボルマークの使用許可を得るためには下記基準を満たす必要があります。
1. ポジティブリスト記載のバイオマスプラスチックを使用すること。
2. 製品中のバイオマスプラスチック度が、25.0wt％以上のプラスチック製品。
3. JBPA指定の使用禁止物質を含まないこと。
上記1にあるようにバイオマスプラに使われる若しくは使われる予定の成分（材料）には、ポジティブリスト記載のバイオマスプラスチックを使用する必要があります。 そしてバイオマスプラポジティブリストへの記載を希望する際は、ポジティブリスト作成基準に示した申請書の他に，日本バイオプラスチック協会の委員会が必要と認める試験報告書または文献資料などを日本バイオプラスチック協会識別表示委員長に提出しなければなりません。
<http://www.jbpaweb.net/bp/>
バイオマスプラポジティブリストへの記載には日本バイオプラスチック協会認定機関によるバイオマスカーボン測定試験([ASTM D 6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/astm-d6866.html))が必要です。
※SGS BetaはASTM D6866試験の、日本バイオプラスチック協会認定機関です。
関連記事：[日本のバイオマスプラスチックの認定制度について](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-bioplastic-labels/)
日本バイオプラスチック協会では、バイオマスプラの他に、生分解性プラスチックのためのグリーンプラ識別表示制度も設けており、こちらは使用後に自然界に存在する微生物のはたらきで、最終的に水と二酸化炭素に分解されるプラスチック＝生分解性プラスチックを対象としています。
関連する試験規格:
[エコマーク認定](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/eco-mark.html)
---
### [TÜV AUSTRIA’s OK 바이오기반 라벨 프로그램](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/ok-biobased.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- OK 바이오기반 라벨은 스타 시스템을 이용해 바이오기반 함량 인증 서비스를 제공합니다. – 별이 많을수록, 바이오기반 함량이 많다는 뜻.
- 이 프로그램은 최소 30%의 총 탄소와 20%의 바이오기반 탄소 함량을 가진 원자재, 중간재, 최종 제품에 적용됩니다.
- OK 바이오기반 인증은 퇴비성 및 생 분해성과는 관련이 없습니다.
---
## OK 바이오기반 프로그램 (OK biobased Certification)
별 1개는 바이오기반 함량이 20%-40%이며, 4개는 80% 이상의 바이오기반 함량을 가졌다는 것을 보여줍니다.
Image Credit: [European Bioplastics](https://www.european-bioplastics.org/avada_faq/is-there-a-certain-percentage-threshold-value-that-marks-the-minimal-biobased-carbon-content-biobased-mass-content-in-a-productmaterial/)
신청은 TÜV AUSTRIA 웹사이트의 신청서 다운로드하여 작성 제출하면 됩니다.
**요점 정리:**
| 제품 자격 | - 나무, 면, 종이 펄프, 전분과 같이 화학적으로 변형되지 않은 자연 상태의 물질의 전부, 혹은 일부로 만든 원자재원자재, 중간재, 첨가물, 완제품. - 가스나 액체, 고체 연료는 해당 안됨. |
|---|---|
| 기본 충족 조건 | 각 제품은 2가지 조건을 반드시 충족해야 합니다: - [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/cen-16640.html)으로 측정한 바이오기반 탄소 함량이 최소 20% 이상 - TÜV AUSTRIA document TS-OK20으로 측정한 총 탄소 함량 (건조 상태의 무게) 30% 이상 |
| 측정 횟수 | 각 3회. (바이오 매스 함량, 총 탄소 함량) |
| 인증 유효 기간 | 5 년 |
Source: [OK biobased Certification Scheme](https://okcert.tuvaustria.com/ok-biobased-en/ "Conformity mark OK biobased")
---
**참고사항:** SGS Beta 연구소는 TUV AUSTRIA 나 OK 바이오기반 프로그램과 무관하며, 인증 관련 실험에 대한 시료 제출 건에 대한 관련 질의는 Beta 연구소로 해주시면 됩니다.
---
## SGS Beta 연구소의 바이오기반 탄소 함량 실험
[ISO/IEC 17025:2017](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html) 인증 업체인 SGS Beta 연구소는 정확한 ASTM D6866과 EN16640 분석 서비스를 제공함으로써 바이오기반 산업을 지원합니다. 미국 마이애미에 소재하고 있으며, 서울을 비롯하여, 중국의, 시안, 아일랜드의 더블린, 영국의 런던, 일본의 나고야에 시료 발송 사무소를 운영하고 있습니다.
---
### [Get in Touch](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2024
**Author:** DPO
---
### [Talk to us](https://www.betalabservices.com/account-support.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2024
**Author:** DPO
---
### [Thank You](https://www.betalabservices.com/thank-you-general-inquiries.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Thank you!
#### Your request is received and we will contact you soon.
[Back to Home Page](https://www.betalabservices.com)
---
### [방사성탄소 (C14, 탄소14) 분석에 대하여](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/carbon14-dating.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 방사성탄소 혹은 탄소14은 최근에 죽었거나, 현재 살아있는 모든 물체에 존재합니다.
- 5만년 이상이 된 물체에는 방사성탄소가 없습니다.
- ASTM D6866은 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 산업에 응용한 것입니다.
여기서는 방사성탄소 연대측정에 대하여 간단히 설명합니다. 설명 범위를 넘어서는 여러 예외 조항들이 있지만 여기서는 생략합니다.
## 방사성탄소 (탄소 14, C14, Radiocarbon) 이란?
탄소는 생명의 기본이며, 모든 살아있는 것에 존재합니다.
방사성탄소라고도 불리는 탄소14는 탄소의 동위원소로서 불안정하며, 약한 방사성을 띄고 있으며, 살아있는 모든 생명체에 아주 미세 량 존재합니다. 방사성이 있는 관계로 시간이 지나면서 점차 소멸하여 결국에는 모두 없어집니다. 방사성탄소 연대측정이란 이 탄소 14가 어떤 물질 (혹은 어떤 사람)이 살았던 시점을 보여준다는 것을 이용한 것입니다.
탄소 14는 지구의 상층부에서 생기는데, 태양의 방사성 폭발로 생긴 중성자들이 공기에 있는 질소와 충돌하면서 생성됩니다. 이 충돌로 인해 반응이 일어나 질소가 탄소 14로 변합니다. 이 탄소 14는 생성되면서 바로 방사성이 반감하기 시작하여 소멸되면서, 동시에 계속 발생하기 때문에 공기 중의 이 탄소 14의 량은 일정하게 유지됩니다.
이 방사성탄소는 대기 중에 있는 산소와 반응하여 이산화탄소(CO2)가 됩니다. 이렇게 생긴 이산화탄소는 공기에 급하게 섞여 식물들이 광합성을 하기 위해 흡수합니다. 이 과정은 계속해서 꾸준히 일어나므로 어떤 시점에서 살아있는 식물 내의 탄소14 량과 이 식물이 살아 가는 대기 중의 탄소 14의 량은 거의 같이 유지됩니다.
살아있는 식물은 먹이 사슬에서 아주 중요한 구성 성분입니다. 동물들은 이런 식물들이나 혹은 다른 동물을 잡아 먹으며, 인간은 이런 식물들과 동물들을 먹습니다. 따라서 모든 살아있는 식물들, 동물들, 사람들 모두 같은 시점에 같은 량의 탄소 14을 가지고 있으며, 우리는 이것을 공기 중에 탄소 14가 “평형”을 이룬다고 합니다. 비록 탄소 14의 방사성으로 인해 계속 반감하지만, 광합성 작용이나 다른 음식을 섭취하면서 거의 일정한 량을 유지하여 평형을 이룹니다.
식물이 이산화탄소 흡수를 멈추거나 (식물의 죽음) 동물이나 사람이 먹는 것을 멈추면 (동물이나 사람의 죽음) 탄소 14의 흡수 역시 멈추면서 그 평형 상태가 깨집니다. 그 시간 이후부터는 새로운 탄소 14의 흡수는 없으며, 체내에 있는 방사성 탄소가 반감기에 따라 줄어들며 결국에 남아있던 모든 탄소 14는 없어지게 됩니다. 이 원리는 사람이 죽었거나 옥수수 줄기가 잘렸거나, 콩의 뿌리가 뽑혔을 때에도 동일하게 적용됩니다. 죽게 되면 주변에 있던 탄소 14의 흡수를 멈추고 체내에 남아있는 탄소 14의 량은 서서히 줄어듭니다.
## 방사성탄소 연대측정 (Radiocarbon Dating)
방사성탄소 연대측정 실험실은 화석에서 남아있는 탄소 14의 량을 측정할 수 있습니다. 그리고 이 량을 가지고 그 화석이 마지막으로 탄소를 흡수(음식물 섭취나 식물의 광합성 작용)했던 마지막 시기를 결정합니다. 방사성탄소에는 반감기라는 것이 있습니다. 반감기란 방사성의 량이 원래 상태의 반으로 줄어드는 것을 말합니다. 방사성탄소의 반감기는 대략 5700년이며 이 말은 매 5700년 마다 방사성탄소의 량이 반으로 줄어든다는 것입니다. 또한 만약에 죽은 식물의 방사성탄소가 살아있을 때의 50%만 가지고 있다면, 이 죽은 식물은 5700년 전에는 살아있었다는 것을 보여줍니다.
약 5만년 정도 지난 화석에는 방사성탄소가 하나도 남아있지 않습니다. 방사성의 반감기에 따라 완전히 소멸된 것입니다. 따라서 방사성탄소 연대측정이란 화석에서 방사성탄소가 하나도 남아있지 않다면 이 화석의 나이가 5만년 이상이라는 것을 알게 되는 것입니다. 석유나 공룡의 화석 등은 방사성탄소가 그 안에 하나도 남아있지 않는 경우입니다.
## 방사성탄소 연대측정과 ASTM D6866
방사성탄소 연대측정은 제조된 상품의 바이오 매스 함량을 측정하는데 이용할 수 있습니다. 그 이유는 그 상품 안에 화석 연료에서 온 물질과 바이오 매스에서 온 물질이 섞여 있기 때문입니다. 이 목적으로 개발된 표준 실험 방식이 ASTM D6866입니다.
원리는 바이오 매스 물질은 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 반면에 화석 연료 물질은 방사성탄소를 가지고 있지 않다는 것입니다. 따라서 어떤 상품 안에 방사성탄소를 가지고 있는 물질이 있다면 이 모든 방사성탄소는 바이오 매스 물질에서 온 것입니다. 바이오 매스 물질과 화석 연료 물질이 섞여있는 제품의 경우, ASTM D6866 실험을 통해서 방사성탄소의 함량을 측정하면 바이오 물질과 화석 연료 물질이 얼마만큼 섞여 있는지 정확히 알 수 있습니다.
예: 석유에서 온 폴리에틸렌 100%로 만든 제품의 경우 ASTM D6866 실험 결과는 바이오 매스 함량이 0%이며, 반면에 바이오 매스로 된 폴리에틸렌의 경우 ASTM D6866 실험 결과는 바이오 매스 함량이 100%입니다.
Other Topics:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products")
[Carbon Dating Concepts ](https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm "More info on radiocarbon dating")
[ Biobased Content Terms and Definitions ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/biomass.html "biobased materials defined")
[USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "ASTM D6866 required in USDA BioPreferred Program")
---
### [Compreendendo a Análise do Carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/datacao-carbono14.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- O radiocarbono, ou carbono-14, está presente em todas as substâncias vivas e que morreram recentemente
- Nenhuma substância com mais de 50.000 anos contém carbono-14
- O ASTM D6866 é uma aplicação industrial de datação por radiocarbono
O texto abaixo é uma introdução simplificada ao método de datação por radiocarbono. Há exceções às teorias e relações explicadas abaixo, mas as mesmas vão além do objetivo desta introdução.
## O que é Radiocarbono?
O carbono é a base da vida e está presente em todas as substâncias vivas.
O radiocarbono, ou carbono-14 (também escrito como 14C), é um isótopo de carbono instável e levemente radioativo. O carbono-14 está presente em todas as substâncias vivas em pequenas quantidades. Devido à sua radioatividade, o carbono-14 desaparece gradualmente por causa do enfraquecimento radioativo, até desaparecer completamente. A datação por radiocarbono usa o carbono-14 para determinar quando algo (ou uma pessoa) estava vivo.
O carbono-14 se origina na atmosfera superior da Terra e é criado quando os nêutrons provenientes do bombardeio de radiação solar se chocam com o nitrogênio encontrado no ar. Isto provoca uma reação e um número bem pequeno destas colisões convertem o nitrogênio em carbono-14. Este carbono-14 imediatamente começa a enfraquecer-se radioativamente, embora sua radioatividade seja constantemente recriada. Isto mantém a quantidade relativamente constante de carbono-14 no ar.
O radiocarbono imediatamente reage com o oxigênio do ar para formar dióxido de carbono (CO2). Este dióxido de carbono se mistura por toda a atmosfera, onde ao nível do solo é absorvido pelas plantas durante a fotossíntese. Este processo é contínuo, de modo que em qualquer momento, a quantidade de carbono-14 nas plantas vivas é a mesma que encontramos no ar em torno delas.
As plantas vivas são componentes ativos da cadeia alimentar em geral. Os animais comem as plantas e/ou outros animais; os seres humanos comem as plantas e os animais. Portanto, todas as plantas vivas, animais e seres humanos têm a mesma quantidade de carbono-14 em seus corpos ao mesmo tempo. Dizemos que seus corpos estão em “equilíbrio” com o carbono-14 encontrado no ar. Apesar do carbono-14 enfraquecer-se radioativamente no corpo, o mesmo é constantemente reposto por novos processos de fotossíntese ou pela ingestão de alimentos, fazendo com que a quantidade seja relativamente constante.
Quando uma planta pára de assimiliar o dióxido de carbono ou quando um animal ou ser humano pára de alimentar-se, a ingestão de carbono-14 também é interrompida e o equilíbrio é rompido. Daquele momento em diante, o único processo em andamento no corpo é o enfraquecimento radioativo. Eventualmente, todo o carbono-14 remanescente desaparece. Este princípio é igualmente aplicável a uma pessoa que esteja morrendo, a um pé de milho que esteja sendo cortado ou a uma planta de soja que esteja sendo tirada da terra. Quando param de viver, eles param de assimilar o carbono-14 do ar ao seu redor e a quantidade de carbono-14 remanescente desaparece gradualmente.
## Datação por Radiocarbono
Um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono é capaz de medir a quantidade de carbono-14 que resta em um fóssil. O laboratório usa esta informação para determinar a última vez que o fóssil esteve respirando carbono (ou seja, alimentando-se ou fazendo a fotossíntese). Um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono é capaz de fazer isto utilizando o que é conhecido como a “meia vida” do carbono-14. A meia vida do carbono-14 é a quantidade de tempo necessária para que uma metade da quantidade original desapareça com o enfraquecimento radioativo. Esta meia vida consiste em aproximadamente 5.700 anos e significa que a cada 5.700 anos, a quantidade de carbono-14 em um fóssil é apenas uma metade do que era 5.700 anos atrás. Isto também significa que se uma planta morta contiver 50% a mais de carbono-14 do que uma planta viva, a planta morta estava viva aproximadamente 5.700 anos atrás.
Depois de 50.000 anos, um fóssil não contém mais nenhum radiocarbono. O carbono-14 terá desaparecido completamente devido ao enfraquecimento radioativo. Quando um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono não identifica nenhum carbono-14 em um fóssil, chega-se à conclusão de que o mesmo tem mais de 50.000 anos. Petróleo e ossos de dinossauros são exemplos de materiais fósseis que não mais contêm carbono-14.
---
Aviso legal: Este vídeo está hospedado em um site de terceiros e poderá conter publicidade.
## Datação por Radiocarbono e a Técnica ASTM D6866
A datação por radiocarbono pode ser utilizada para medir o conteúdo de base biológica dos produtos manufaturados, visto que os mesmos contêm uma combinação de materiais fósseis e de organismos que estavam recentemente vivos. O padrão desenvolvido para este fim é conhecido como ASTM D6866.
Os materiais que estavam recentemente vivos (o componente de base biológica) contêm carbono-14, enquanto que os materiais de origem fóssil (derivados do petróleo) não contêm mais este isótopo de carbono levemente radioativo. Portanto, todo o carbono-14 encontrado no produto provém do componente de base biológica. No caso dos produtos com componentes derivados de produtos agrícolas e petroquímicos, o método ASTM D6866 de análise usa o conteúdo de carbono-14 para calcular quanto do produto é derivado de componentes de plantas, em comparação com os componentes derivados de petróleo.
Por exemplo: Um produto que contém 100% de polietileno proveniente de petróleo tem um conteúdo de 0% de base biológica, quando analisado pelo método ASTM D6866, enquanto que um produto de 100% de polietileno derivado de plantas tem um conteúdo de 100% de base biológica, quando analisado pelo método ASTM D6866.
Outros Tópicos:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products")
[Conceitos sobre a Datação por Carbono](https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm "Conceitos sobre a Datação por Carbono ")
[Conteúdo de Base Biológica – Termos e Definições ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Conteúdo de Base Biológica - Termos e Definições ")
[Carbono Orgânico e Carbono Total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "Carbono Orgânico e Carbono Total")
[Programa BioPreferencial do USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "Programa BioPreferencial do USDA")
---
### [Comprendere l'analisi al carbonio-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/datazione-al-carbonio-14.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Il radiocarbonio, o carbonio-14, è presente in tutti gli esseri viventi e nella materia morta da poco tempo
- Il carbonio-14 si esaurisce quando la materia in questione supera i 50.000 anni
- L’ASTM D6866 è un’applicazione industriale della datazione al radiocarbonio
L’obiettivo di questo testo è presentare in modo semplice la datazione al radiocarbonio, senza entrare nel merito delle eccezioni alle teorie e alle relazioni discusse di seguito.
## Cos’è il radiocarbonio?
Il carbonio è la base della vita ed è presente in tutti gli esseri viventi.
Il radiocarbonio o carbonio-14 (noto anche come 14C) è un isotopo instabile e poco radioattivo del carbonio, presente in tutti gli esseri viventi in quantità minime. Essendo radioattivo, la quantità di radiocarbonio diminuisce gradualmente per decadimento fino al suo completo esaurimento. La datazione al radiocarbonio ricorre al carbonio-14 per determinare il momento della morte di qualcosa o qualcuno.
Il carbonio-14 ha origine negli strati superiori dell’atmosfera terrestre e si forma quando i neutroni generati dai bombardamenti delle radiazioni solari si scontrano con l’azoto dell’aria. Si verifica dunque una reazione e una piccola parte di queste collisioni converte l’azoto in carbonio-14. Questo carbonio-14 inizia immediatamente a decadere ma viene costantemente rigenerato. In questo modo, la quantità presente nell’aria è relativamente costante.
Il radiocarbonio reagisce immediatamente con l’ossigeno dell’aria e forma anidride carbonica (CO2) che si disperde rapidamente in tutta l’atmosfera: raggiunto il suolo, viene assorbita dalle piante durante la fotosintesi. Questo processo è costante, così che in qualsiasi momento la quantità di carbonio-14 presente nelle piante viventi è uguale alla quantità di carbonio-14 nell’aria circostante.
Le piante hanno un ruolo attivo nella catena alimentare. Gli animali si nutrono di piante e/o altri animali e gli uomini si nutrono di piante e animali. Pertanto tutte le piante, gli animali e gli uomini hanno nello stesso momento la stessa quantità di carbonio-14 e i loro corpi sono “in equilibrio” con il carbonio-14 dell’aria. Sebbene il carbonio-14 subisca decadimento radioattivo all’interno dell’organismo, viene costantemente sostituito attraverso la fotosintesi o l’assunzione di cibo, dunque la sua quantità rimane costante.
Quando una pianta smette di assimilare anidride carbonica o quando un animale o un essere umano smette di nutrirsi, l’assunzione di carbonio-14 si ferma, interrompendo l’equilibrio. Da quel momento in poi, il solo processo che si verifica in quell’organismo è il decadimento radioattivo del carbonio-14 fino alla sua scomparsa. Questo principio vale allo stesso modo per una persona che muore, per un gambo di mais che viene reciso e per una pianta di soia che viene sradicata. Quando questi organismi cessano di vivere, l’assunzione di carbonio-14 dall’aria si interrompe e l’isotopo presente nei resti scompare gradualmente.
## Datazione al radiocarbonio
Un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio è in grado di misurare la quantità di carbonio-14 rimasta in un fossile al fine di determinare l’ultima volta che quest’ultimo ha assunto carbonio (nutrendosi o facendo la fotosintesi). Questo calcolo viene effettuato utilizzando l’emivita del carbonio-14, ovvero il tempo necessario affinché metà della quantità originaria scompaia per decadimento radioattivo. Questo dato corrisponde a circa 5.700 anni e significa che ogni 5.700 anni la quantità di carbonio-14 in un fossile diventa la metà di quella che era 5.700 anni prima. In poche parole, se una pianta morta ha il 50% di carbonio-14 rispetto ad una pianta viva, la pianta morta era in vita circa 5.700 anni fa.
Dopo 50.000 anni, in un fossile non resta alcuna traccia di radiocarbonio, che scompare completamente a causa del decadimento radioattivo. Quando un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio non individua carbonio-14 in un fossile, giunge alla conclusione che il fossile abbia più di 50.000 anni. Petrolio e ossa di dinosauro sono esempi di materiali fossili che non hanno più carbonio-14.
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## Datazione al radiocarbonio e ASTM D6866
La datazione al radiocarbonio permette di misurare il contenuto biobased dei prodotti perché questi sono una combinazione di materiali provenienti da organismi vissuti recentemente e materiali fossili. Lo standard sviluppato per questo scopo prende il nome di ASTM D6866.
I materiali provenienti da organismi vissuti recentemente (la componente biobased) contengono carbonio-14 mentre i materiali fossili (derivati dal petrolio) non hanno più questo isotopo debolmente radioattivo. Perciò tutto il carbonio-14 del prodotto proviene dalla componente biobased. Nel caso di un prodotto con componenti derivati delle colture e componenti petrolchimici, le analisi con ASTM D6866 utilizzeranno il contenuto di carbonio-14 per calcolare la quantità di prodotto ottenuta da vegetali e quella ottenuta dal petrolio.
Esempio: un prodotto fatto al 100% di polietilene proveniente dal petrolio risulterà avere lo 0% di contenuto biobased, mentre un prodotto fatto al 100% di polietilene derivato da piante risulterà avere un contenuto biobased del 100%.
Altri argomenti:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/astm-d6866.html "Test ASTM D6866 su prodotti biobased")
[Datazione al carbonio](https://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/datazione-al-carbonio.htm "Ulteriori informazioni sulla datazione al radiocarbonio")
[ Contenuto biobased – Termini e definizioni ](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Definizione di materiali rinnovabili")
[Programma BioPreferred USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html "ASTM D6866 richiesto nel Programma BioPreferred USDA")
---
### [Comprendre l'analyse par carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/datation-carbone14.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Des quantités de radiocarbone ou carbone 14 sont stockées dans chaque organisme vivant, et commencent à diminuer à sa mort.
- Tout ce qui a plus de 50000 ans n’a plus de carbone 14
- Une application industrielle de la datation par carbone 14 est l’ASTM D6866
Vous trouverez ici une introduction accessible sur la datation par radiocarbone. Il existe des cas particuliers plus complexes que ce qui est présenté ci-dessous, et dont les détails ne rentrent pas dans le cadre de cet article.
## Qu’est-ce que le radiocarbone ?
Le carbone est la base de la vie et est présent dans chaque corps vivant.
Le radiocarbone, ou carbone 14 (noté également 14C), est un isotope du carbone instable et faiblement radioactif. Il est présent dans le vivant en quantités infimes. En tant qu’objet radioactif, il se désintègre et disparaît graduellement. Le procédé de datation nous donne des indications sur l’époque correspondant aux derniers instants de quelque chose (ou quelqu’un).
Le carbone 14 trouve son origine dans la haute atmosphère et est créé par le bombardement de l’azote atmosphérique par les neutrons issus des radiations solaires. Chaque collision convertit une infime partie d’azote en carbone 14, qui se désintègre assez vite, mais est remplacé par des collisions régulières, qui le maintiennent à un taux constant.
Une partie de ce carbone peut se lier avec de l’oxygène pour former du dioxyde de carbone (CO2), et se répandre dans l’atmosphère avant d’être finalement absorbée par la végétation lors de la photosynthèse. Ce processus se répète à chaque instant et permet donc de maintenir une concentration de carbone 14 constante entre la plante et l’air qui l’entoure.
Les végétaux, composants majeurs de la chaîne alimentaire, sont mangés par des animaux, et propagent le carbone dans toute la chaîne jusqu’à l’Homme. C’est ainsi que tous les êtres vivants ont le même taux présent dans leurs corps à un instant donné. Ces corps sont dits en “équilibre”, avec la même concentration de carbone 14 que l’air. C’est ainsi que ce corps instable reste présent dans les mêmes proportions, constamment renouvelé par la photosynthèse et l’ingestion de nourriture.
Quand une plante n’assimile plus de dioxyde de carbone où qu’un animal ou un être humain ne mange plus, le renouvellement s’arrête et l’équilibre est rompu. Le seul processus restant étant la désintégration radioactive, les quantités s’amenuisent avec le temps, jusqu’à disparaître entièrement. Ce principe est valable pour une personne décédée, un plant de maïs coupé ou du soja arraché.
## La datation par Radiocarbone
Un laboratoire de datation mesure les traces de carbone encore présentes dans un fossile. Elles permettent de dater le dernier instant où les molécules ont été absorbées (par ingurgitation ou photosynthèse). Cette information s’obtient grâce à la connaissance du temps de “demi-vie”, qui est la durée qu’il faut à la moitié de la quantité de l’isotope présente initialement pour se désintégrer et disparaître. Ce temps vaut approximativement 5700 ans, c’est-à-dire que tous les 5700 ans, la quantité de carbone diminue de moitié. On en conclue également que si une plante morte contient moitié moins de carbone qu’une plante vivante, c’est donc qu’elle était vivante il y a 5700 ans.
Au-delà de 50000 ans, un fossile ne contient quasiment plus de trace du composé radioactif initial. Si une mesure effectuée par un laboratoire ne trouve aucun reste dans un fossile, ce dernier a certainement plus de 50000 ans. C’est par exemple le cas du pétrole et des os de dinosaures.
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Avertissement : cette vidéo est hébergée sur un site tiers et peut contenir de la publicité.
## Datation radiocarbone et ASTM D6866
La datation par radiocarbone est adaptée à la mesure de composants à base de résidus biologiques, puisqu’ils contiennent du matériel issu de corps initialement vivants. La norme caractérisant ces mesures est l’ASTM D6866.
Des composés ayant été vivants à une époque proche auront des traces de carbone 14, contrairement au contenu fossile (issu du pétrole). L’activité de carbone mesurée vient donc entièrement des premiers. L’ASTM D6866 permet, grâce à cette méthode, de calculer dans un produit contenant un mélange de produits d’origine agricole et de composés pétrochimiques les fractions de chacun.
Par exemple : un produit à 100% à base de polyéthylène d’origine pétrolière donnera un score de 0% lors de la recherche de matières biologiques avec via l’ASTM D6866, contrairement à un polyéthylène d’origine végétale, qui lui aura un score de 100%.
Sujets complémentaires :
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products")
[Datation au carbone 14](https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm "Datation au carbone 14")
[Vocabulaire et définitions pour les composants biologiques](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Vocabulaire et définitions pour les composants biologiques")
[Carbone organique et carbone total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "Carbone organique et carbone total")
[Programme recommandé par l’USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biopreferred-usda.html "ASTM D6866 required in USDA BioPreferred Program")
---
### [Comprendiendo el Análisis del Carbono 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/datacion-carbono14.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- El radiocarbono, o carbono 14, está presente en todas las substancias vivas y que murieron recientemente
- Ninguna substancia con más de 50.000 años contiene carbono 14
- ASTM D6866 es una aplicación industrial de datación por radiocarbono
El texto siguiente es una introducción simplificada del método de datación por radiocarbono. Hay excepciones a las teorías y a las relaciones que se explican más adelante, pero ellas van más allá del alcance de esta introducción.
## ¿Qué es Radiocarbono?
El carbono es la base de la vida y está presente en todas las substancias vivas.
El radiocarbono, o carbono 14 (también escrito como 14C), es un isótopo de carbono inestable livianamente radioactivo. El carbono 14 está presente en todas las substancias vivas en pequeñas cantidades. Debido a su radioactividad, el carbono 14 desaparece gradualmente debido a la debilidad radioactiva, hasta que desaparezca totalmente. La datación por radiocarbono utiliza el carbono 14 para determinar cuando algo (o una persona) estaba vivo.
El carbono 14 se origina en la atmósfera superior de la Tierra y se crea cuando los neutrones provenientes del bombardeo de radiación solar se chocan con el nitrógeno en el aire. Esto provoca una reacción y un número muy pequeño de estas colisiones convierten el nitrógeno en carbono 14. Este carbono 14 inmediatamente comienza a debilitarse radioactivamente, a pesar de su radioactividadser recreada constantemente. Esto mantiene una cantidad relativamente constante de carbono 14 en el aire.
El radiocarbono inmediatamente reacciona con el oxígeno del aire para formar dióxido de carbono (CO2). Este dióxido de carbono se mezcla por toda la atmósfera, al nivel del suelo donde es absorbido por las plantas durante la fotosíntesis. Este proceso es continuo, de manera que en cualquier momento, la cantidad de carbono 14 en las plantas vivas es la misma que encontramos en el aire alrededor de ellas.
Las plantas vivas son componentes activos de la cadena alimentaria en general. Los animales comen las plantas y/u otros animales; los seres humanos comen las plantas ylos animales. Por lo tanto, todas las plantas vivas, animales y seres humanos tienen la misma cantidad de carbono 14 en sus cuerpos al mismo tiempo. Decimos que sus cuerpos están en “equilibrio” con el carbono 14 encontrado en el aire. Apesar del carbono 14 debilitarse radioactivamente en el cuerpo, lo mismo es constantemente repuesto por nuevos procesos de fotosíntesis o por la ingestión de alimentos, por lo que la cantidad sea relativamente constante.
Cuando una planta deja de asimilar el dióxido de carbono ocuando un animal o ser humano deja de alimentarse, la ingestión de carbono 14 también es interrumpida y se rompe el equilibrio. A partir de este momento, el único proceso en curso en el cuerpo es la discapacidad radioactiva. Con el tiempo, todo el carbono 14 va a desaparecer. Este principio también se aplica a una persona que está muriendo, una planta de maíz que se está cortando o una planta de soja que se está sacando de la tierra. Al dejar de vivir, ellas dejan de asimilar el carbono 14 del airealrededor y la cantidad de carbono 14 restante desaparece gradualmente.
## Datación por Radiocarbono
Un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono es capaz de medir la cantidad de carbono 14 que resta en un fósil. El laboratorio utiliza esta información para determinar la última vez que el fósil estaba respirando carbono (o sea, alimentándose o haciendo la fotosíntesis). Un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono es capaz de hacer esto utilizando lo que es conocido como la “media vida” del carbono 14. La media vida del carbono 14 es la cantidad de tiempo necesaria para que una mitad de la cantidad original desaparezca con la discapacidad radioactiva. Esta media vida consiste de aproximadamente 5.700 años y significa que a cada 5.700 años, la cantidad de carbono 14 en un fósil es apenas una mitad de lo que era 5.700 años atrás. Esto también significa que si una planta muerta contiene 50% a más de carbono 14 que una planta viva, la planta muerta estaba viva aproximadamente 5.700 años atrás.
Después de 50.000 años, un fósil no más contiene radiocarbono. El carbono 14 tendrá desaparecido totalmente por razón de su discapacidad. Cuando un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono no identifica ningún carbono 14 en un fósil, llegase a la conclusión que el mismo tiene más de 50.000 años. Petróleo y huesos de dinosaurios son ejemplos de materiales fósiles que no más contienencarbono 14.
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Exención de responsabilidad: Este video está alojado en un sitio externo y puede contener publicidad.
## Datación por Radiocarbono y la Técnica ASTM D6866
La datación por radiocarbono puede ser utilizada para medir el contenido de base biológica de los productos manufacturados, ya que ellos contienen una combinación de materiales fósiles y organismos que estaban recientemente vivos. El estándar desarrollado para este propósito es conocido como ASTM D6866.
Los materiales que estaban recientemente vivos (el componente de base biológica) contienen carbono 14, mientras los materiales de origen fósil (derivados del petróleo) no contienen más este isótopo de carbono livianamente radioactivo. Por lo tanto, todo el carbono 14 presente en el producto proviene del componente de base biológica. En el caso de los productos con componentes derivados de productos agrícolas y petroquímicos, el método ASTM D6866 de análisis utiliza el contenido de carbono 14 para calcular cuánto del producto es derivado de componentes de plantas, en comparación con los componentes derivados de petróleo.
Por ejemplo: Un producto que contiene 100% de polietileno proveniente de petróleo tiene un contenido de 0% de base biológica, cuando analizado a través del método ASTM D6866, mientras que un producto de 100% de polietileno derivado de plantas tiene un contenido de 100% de base biológica, cuando analizado por a través del método ASTM D6866.
Otros Tópicos:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866 for biobased products")
[Conceptos sobre la Datación por Carbono](https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm "Conceptos sobre la Datación por Carbono")
[Contenido de Base Biológica – Términos y Definiciones](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Contenido de Base Biológica - Términos y Definiciones")
[Carbono Orgánico y Carbono Total](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "Carbono Orgánico y Carbono Total")
[Programa BioPreferencial del USDA](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biopreferencial-usda.html "Programa BioPreferencial del USDA")
---
### [Verstehen der Kohlenstoff 14 Analyse](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/kohlenstoff14-datierung.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Radiokhlenstoff, oder Kohlenstoff 14 ist in allen Lebewesen und kürzlich abgelaufenen Gegenständen
- Alles was älter als 50.000 Jahre alt ist und kein Kohlenstoff 14 beinhaltet
- Eine der industriellen Anwendungen von Radiokohlenstoff Datierung ist AST D6866
Diese Diskussion ist eine einfache Einleitung in die Radiokohlenstoff Datierung. Es gibt Ausnahmen zu diesen Theorien und Beziehungen, die unten aufgeführt werden, die über den Rahmen dieser Diskussion heraus gehen.
## Was ist Radiokohlenstoff?
Kohlenstoff ist die Lebensbasis und ist in allen Lebewesen enthalten.
Radiokohlenstoff oder Kohlenstoff 14 (auch als 14C bezeichnet), ist ein Kohlenstoffisotop, das unstabile und schwache Radioaktivität besitzt. Kohlenstoff 14 ist in allen Lebewesen in der sogenannten Minutenanzahl vorhanden. Da es radioaktiv ist, löst es sich fortschreitend auf, bis es sich komplett ausgelöst hat.
Kohlenstoff 14 entsteht in der oberen Erdatmosphäre und wird verursacht, wenn Neutronen entstanden durch solare radioaktive Strahlungen mit Nitrogenen in der Luft zusammen prallen. Eine Reaktion findet statt und eine kleine Anzahl dieses Aufpralls verwandelt Nitrogen in Kohlenstoff 14. Dieses Kohlenstoff 14 beginnt sofort sich auszulösen, wird jedoch fortwährend wiederhergestellt.
Radiokohlenstoff reagiert sofort mit Sauerstoff in der Luft und formt Kohlenstoffdioxid (CO2). Dieses Kohlenstoffdioxid vermischt sich rasch durch die Atmosphäre, in Bodenhöhe wird es von Pflanzen durch Photosynthese eingenommen. Dieser Prozess ist anhaltend, so dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in lebenden Pflanzen die selbe ist, als die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in der Luft, die sie umgibt.
Lebende Pflanzen sind aktive Komponente der allgemeinen Nahrungskette. Tiere fressen Pflanzen und/ oder andere Tiere, Menschen essen Pflanzen und Tiere. Daraus folgt, dass alle lebenden Pflanzen, Tiere und Menschen, die selbe Anzahl an Kohlenstoff 14 zur selben Zeit in ihren Körpern besitzen. Ihre Körpern sind im „Gleichgewicht“ mit Kohlenstoff 14 in der Luft. Obwohl sich die Radioaktivität von Kohlenstoff 14 im Körper auflöst, wird es immer durch neue Photosynthese oder die Aufnahme von Nahrung ersetzt, welches die Anzahl relativ ausgleicht.
Wenn eine Pflanze stoppt Kohlenstoffdioxid aufzunehmen oder wenn ein Tier oder Mensch aufhört zu essen, stoppt die Aufnahme von Kohlenstoff 14 und das Gleichgewicht wird zerstört. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt, ist der einzige Prozess der im Körper wirkt der radioaktive Abfall. Letztendlich, verschwinden alle restlichen Kohlenstoff 14. Dieses Prinzip gilt ebenso für eine sterbende Person, ein Getreidehalm der abgeschnitten wird, oder eine Sojabohnenpflanze die aus dem Boden gezogen wird. Wenn sie aufhören zu leben, stoppen sie Kohlenstoff 14 in der Luft um sie herum aufzunehmen und die Anzahl des restlichen Kohlenstoff 14 verschwindet allmählich.
## Radiokohlenstoff Datierung
Ein Radiokohlenstoff Datierungslabor ist fähig die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in Fossilien zu bemessen. Es benutzt dann diese Information um den letzten Zeitpunkt an dem das Fossil Kohlenstoff eingeatmet hat zu bestimmen (z.B Essen oder Photosynthese). Ein Radiokohlenstoff Labor ist fähig dies zu ermessen anhand der Benutzung der radioaktiven Halbwertzeit von Kohlenstoff 14. Die radioaktive Halbwertzeit von Kohlenstoff 14 ist ein Zeitwert, der bestimmt wie lange eine Hälfte des ursprünglichen Betrags benötigt wird um durch den radioaktiven Zerfall zu verschwinden. Die Halbwertzeit ist um die 5.700 Jahre alt und bedeutet, dass nach 5.700 Jahren die Anzahl von Kohlenstoff 14 in einem Fossil jetzt nur noch der Hälfte von 5.700 Jahren entspricht. Es bedeutet auch, dass wenn eine tote Pflanze 50% soviel an Kohlenstoff 14 besitzt wie eine lebendige Pflanze, die tote Pflanze vor 5.700 Jahren lebendig war.
Nach 50.000 Jahren, hat ein Fossil keinen Radiokohlenstoff mehr übrig. Kohlenstoff 14 hat sich durch den radioaktiven Zerfall aufgelöst. Wenn ein Radiokohlenstoff Labor keinen Kohlenstoff 14 in einem Fossil vorfindet, weiß es, dass das Fossil mehr als 50.000 Jahre alt ist. Petroleum und Dinosaurierknochen sind Beispiele von fossilen Materialien, da sie über keine Kohlenstoff 14 mehr verfügen.
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Haftungsausschluss: Dieses Video wird auf der Website Dritter bereit gestellt und kann Werbung enthalten.
## Radiokohlenstoff und ASTM D6866
Radiokohlenstoff Datierung ist anwendbar bei biobasierenden Gehaltsbemessungen in hergestellten Produkten, da sie eine Kombination von kürzlich lebenden und fossilen Materialien enthalten. Der Standard der für dieses Ziel entwickelt wurde nennt man ASTM D6866.
Kürzlich lebende Produkte (biobasierende Komponente) weisen Kohlenstoff 14 auf, während fossile Materialien (abgeleitet von Petroleum) nicht mehr über diese schwachen radioaktiven Kohlenstoffisotopen verfügen. Demzufolge stammen alle Kohlenstoff 14 des Produktes von biobasierenden Komponenten ab. Im Falle, dass ein Produkt beides, abgeleitete und petrochemische Komponente beinhaltet, wird eine ASTM D6866 Analyse benutzt, um den Kohlenstoff 14 Gehalt zu errechnen, der besagt wie viel des Produktes von einer pflanzlichen Komponente abgeleitet wurden vs. der petroleum- abgeleiteten Komponenten.
Beispiel: Ein Produkt, das aus 100% aus Petroleum stammenden Polyethylen besteht, weist ein ASTM D6866 biobasierenden Gehaltsergebnis von 0% auf. Ein Produkt hingegen, dass aus 100% Polyethylen abgeleitet von einer Pflanze besteht, weist ein ASTM D6866 biobasierendes Gehaltsergebnis von 100% auf.
Andere Themen:
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866")
[Biobasierender Gehalt Bezeichnungen und Definitionen](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/biomass.html "Biobasierender Gehalt Bezeichnungen und Definitionen")
[Organischer Kohlenstoff vs. Totaler Kohlenstoff](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html "Organischer Kohlenstoff vs. Totaler Kohlenstoff")
[USDA biobevorzugendes Programm](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/usda-biobevorzugt.html "USDA biobevorzugendes Programm")
---
### [Wie man Gasproben für ASTM D6866 Prüfungen sammelt](https://www.betalabservices.com/astmd7459.html)
**Published:** September 1, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- ASTM D7459 beschreibt die richtige Technik zum Sammeln von Gasproben aus Schornsteinen
- Dieser Standard wurde speziell für [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/astmd6866.html) entwickelt.
- Beta Analytic bietet keine ASTM D7459-Dienste an
Bei Schornsteinabgasen wird das zu analysierende Gas direkt aus dem Abgas von kontinuierlichen Emissionsüberwachungssystemen (CEMS) oder mit einer Sonde im Schornstein gewonnen. Die Kosten pro CEMS-Modifikation sind auf einige Hundert Euro für Rohrleitungen, Ventile, Gasdurchflussregler und möglicherweise Computersteuerung begrenzt.
Das Gas wird über einen bestimmten Zeitraum (z. B. 2 Wochen, 1 Monat) kontinuierlich gesammelt und es wird eine einzelne Messung an 0,1 bis 1,0 Liter durchgeführt. Das Ergebnis ist ein echter Durchschnitt der kohlenstoffneutralen CO2-Emissionen im Vergleich zu den Treibhausgasemissionen.1 Das Gas wird zur Analyse an ein **Kohlenstoff-14-Testlabor** geschickt. Die Analyse kann in nur 4 Werktagen durchgeführt werden.
Einzelheiten zum Einreichen von Proben an Beta Analytic zur Kohlenstoff-14-Analyse finden Sie unter [Proben senden](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html).
## **ASTM D7459-08 Gasprobenahme**
ASTM D7459-08 umfasst das Standardverfahren zum Sammeln integrierter Proben zur Analyse von aus Biomasse gewonnenem Kohlenstoff (biogen) und aus fossilen Brennstoffen stammendem Kohlendioxid aus stationären Emissionsquellen.
Diese Norm enthält spezifische Verfahren zum Sammeln von Gasproben aus stationären Emissionsquellen zur Bestimmung des Verhältnisses von aus Biomasse stammendem Kohlenstoff zum Gesamtkohlenstoff (aus fossilen Quellen stammender Kohlenstoff plus Biomasse oder biogener Kohlenstoff) gemäß ASTM D6866.
Das Gas wird in einem Gasbeutel aufgefangen und später zur Analyse in ein externes Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungslabor transportiert. Es genügen wenige Gasbeutel pro Jahr, um ein genaues Bild der verbrannten Stoffe zu erhalten.
**Sie können den Standard von der [ASTM](https://www.astm.org/Standards/D7459.htm)**–**Website herunterladen.**
## **Die Gasproben-Entnahme ist im Leistungsumfang von Beta Analytic nicht enthalten**
Beta Analytic ist gemäß ISO/IEC 17025:2017 akkreditiert und wir bieten ASTM D6866-Tests an. Unser Unternehmen befasst sich nicht mit der Entnahme von Gasproben und wir gehen davon aus, dass die an unser Labor übermittelten Proben ordnungsgemäß gemäß ASTM D7459 gesammelt wurden. Beta Analytics Anforderungen an das Probenvolumen und Versandanweisungen finden Sie [hier](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/erneuerbarer-kohlenstoff/biogene-co2-lieferung.html).
1\. Manning, M R; Lowe, D C; Melhuish, W H; Sparks, R J; Wallace, G; Brenninkmeijer, C A M; McGill, R C. [The use of radiocarbon measurements in atmospheric studies ](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Manning.pdf). RADIOCARBON, VOL 32, No. 1, 1990, P 37-58.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert: Februar 2024*
---
### [排出ガス二酸化炭素及びその生物起源分画](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html)
**Published:** September 24, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 燃料の種類によって、排出ガスは生物起源CO2を含有している可能性があります
- 生物起源CO2、カーボンニュートラル排出ガスCO2は、様々な規制・プログラムにおいて温室効果ガス排出量から差し引くことができます
- ベータ・アナリティック社は二酸化炭素排出ガスや固体燃料のASTM D6866試験を提供いたします。 ASTM D6866試験では固体燃料や燃焼排出ガス中の生物起源CO2比率を測定します
## ASTM D6866及びD7459 – 排出ガスCO2試験のための標準規格
ASTM D6866試験は、固体燃料やその排出ガス中に存在する「古い炭素」(化石起源炭素)に対する「現代の炭素」(生物起源炭素)の割合を決定するための標準規格です。 その手法は放射性炭素年代測定と同じです。 都市廃棄物、廃タイヤ、下水汚泥、ごみ固形燃料等の現代炭素を含む燃料は、木材、紙、動物や植物起源のバイオマスを含有しています。 プラスチックなどの石油由来製品や石炭は非常に古い化石起源の炭素を含有しています。 ASTM D6866試験によって現代炭素(生物起源炭素）の含有比が測定可能です。 ASTM D6866では、化石起源物質には存在せずバイオマス中に存在する炭素の同位体(Carbon 14)を測定します。
[ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459-08"),はASTM D6866試験のための排出ガスのサンプリング方法の標準規格です。 定常燃焼施設からCO2を採取するためには気体バックが必要です。
## エネルギー多消費型産業における排出ガスCO2
排出ガスのほとんどは二酸化炭素です。 燃焼される固体燃料によりますが、この排出ガスCO2は生物起源分画またはバイオマス分画を含みます。 例えば、セメント工場では製品の製造のために必要なエネルギーを得るために、都市廃棄物（MSW）や廃タイヤを燃焼します。 バイオマスであるMSWや廃タイヤが燃焼すると 生物起源CO2 が排出されます。 一方で化石起源廃棄物は、非生物起源CO2を排出します。バイオマスと石炭を混合燃焼させる施設の場合も同じです。 燃焼される燃料のバイオマス部分が生物起源CO2を排出します。
近年北米、ヨーロッパでの規制に鑑みて、毎年報告が義務づけられている温室効果ガス排出量から生物起源CO2を差し引くことができるため、各企業は排出ガスCO2中の生物起源CO2量を知る必要があります。 米国環境保護庁 では、燃料としてMSWを燃焼、また化石起源燃料とバイオマスを混合燃焼している施設に、非生物起源CO2と区別して生物起源CO2の報告義務を課しています。
## 排出ガスCO2試験が必要とされる規制
排出ガスCO2試験を義務づけている規制機関、政府間組織のなかでも特に重要な米国EPAでは、CO2を25000トン以上排出する企業に温室効果ガス（GHG）を毎年報告することを義務づけています。 またヨーロッパでは、 欧州連合域内排出量取引制度 への参加を希望する企業はカーボンクレジットを獲得するために、排出ガスCO2の測定が義務づけられています。 米国、カナダの 西部気候イニシアチブ では、報告規約の一環として、排出ガスCO2試験を義務づけています。 気候レジストリーやカリフォルニア大気資源局(AB32) を含むその他の組織でも排出ガスCO2試験を義務づけています。
当ウェブサイトに記載された規制に関する概要は [こちら](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html "Regulations Summary")をご参照ください。
## ベータ・アナリティック社による固体燃料または排出ガスCO2の生物起源含有量の測定
ベータ・アナリティック社（ISO/IEC 17025:2017認証取得）では、ASTM D6866試験のための排出ガスCO2または固形燃料を試料として受け入れております。 また同規格のための様々な試料種にも対応しております。 ASTM D6866試験では試料をCO2、その後グラファイトへ変換するために固体、液体、気体試料の分析が可能です。 ASTM D6866試験および試験結果に関する詳細は [こちら](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html "ASTM D6866 results interpretation")をご参照ください。
---
### [배출 가스의 이산화탄소와 바이오 매스 함량](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 배출가스에는 연소하는 연료의 종류에 따라 바이오 유래 이산화탄소가 있을 수 있습니다.
- 여러 규제기관에 보고 의무가 있는 기업들은 그 기업이 가지고 있는 온실가스 재고에서 바이오 매스 혹은 탄소 중립 이산화탄소를 차감할 수 있습니다.
- Beta 연구소는 배출가스의 이산화탄소와 고체 연료로부터 ASTM D6866 실험 서비스를 제공하여 바이오 매스 함량을 측정해 드립니다.
## 배출가스의 이산화탄소 표준 실험 방법: ASTM D6866 and D7459
ASTM D6866 실험은 고체 상태의 연료나 혹은 배출되고 있는 가스에서 살아있는 탄소(즉 바이오 유래 이산화탄소)와 죽은 탄소(화석 연료에서 온 바이오 매스가 아닌 이산화탄소)을 측정하는 표준 방법이며, 방사성탄소 연대측정 기법을 이용합니다. 다양한 형태의 재생 연료들 (도시 고형 폐자원, 폐타이어, 하수도 슬러지, 재생 연료 등)은 바이오 매스 물질(예를 들면 나무, 종이, 그 외 동물이나 식물에서 나오는)과 석탄이나 석유에서 생긴 물질 (예를 들면 플라스틱)이 함께 들어 있습니다. 따라서 ASTM D6866 실험을 통해 정확한 바이오 매스 함량을 측정할 수 있습니다. 이 방법은 탄소의 동위원소인 방사성탄소 (C14)가 바이오 매스 물질에는 있는 반면에 화석 연료에는 없다는 원리를 이용하여 측정하는 것입니다.
또한 [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459-08") 는 ASTM D6866 실험을 위한 배출가스 채집에 관한 규정을 정한 표준 방법입니다. 정확한 채집을 위해서는 가스 백을 사용해야 합니다.
## 에너지 다량 사용 산업에서의 배출 이산화탄소
대부분의 배출가스는 이산화탄소로 이루어져 있습니다. 연료의 종류에 따라 배출 가스에는 바이오 유래 이산화탄소가 있을 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 시멘트 공장은 시멘트를 생산하기 위해 많은 에너지가 필요해 고형 도시 폐자원이나 폐 타이어를 연료로 사용합니다. 이런 연료들이 연소하면서 배출하는 이산화탄소에는 바이오 매스 이산화탄소가 들어 있을 수 있습니다. 반대로 화석 연료에서 나온 폐자원을 연소하면 바이오 매스 이산화탄소는 나오지 않습니다. 마찬가지로 석탄과 바이오 매스를 가진 보조 연료를 혼합하여 사용할 경우에도 그만큼 바이오 매스 이산화탄소가 발생합니다.
북미와 유럽에서 실시하는 최근의 규제 사항의 관점에서, 기업들은 배출되는 이산화탄소에서 바이오 매스 이산화탄소가 얼마가 포함되어 있는지 알아야 매년 보고해야 하는 온실 가스 재고에서 공제받을 수 있습니다. 특히 미국의 환경청 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)은 이런 보고를 의무화 시켜 놓았습니다.
## 배출 이산화탄소 실험을 요구하는 규정들.
미국의 환경청은 매년 25,000 메트릭 톤 이상 이산화탄소를 배출하는 기업들은 매년 온실가스 배출 보고를 강제로 규정하고 있으며, 이 외에도 많은 규제 기관이나 국제 기구도 이런 강제 규정을 가지고 있습니다. 유럽에서는 European Union Emissions Trading Scheme 에 참여하고자 하는 모든 기업은 탄소 배출 권을 얻기 위해 배출 이산화탄소를 반드시 측정해야만 합니다.
또한 미국과 캐나다의 많은 주정보가 회원으로 있는 서방 기후 계획 Western Climate Initiative 역시 보고 규정으로 배출 이산화탄소 측정을 요구하고 있습니다. 이 외에 The Climate Registry and the California Air Resources Board (AB32) 역시 배출 이산화탄소 측정을 요구하는 강제 규정이 있습니다.
본 웹사이트에 현재 강제 규정을 가지고 있는 규제 기관의 목록을 적어 놓았으며 [여기서](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html "Regulations Summary") 찾아 보실 수 있습니다.
## Beta 연구소는 바이오 매스 함량을 측정해 드립니다.
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증 업체인 Beta 연구소는 배출 이산화탄소나 고형 연료에서 ASTM D6866 실험 측정 서비스를 제공해 드리고 있습니다. 흡수성 카드리지에 저장되어 있는 가스 시료 역시 측정 가능합니다. 실험 방법의 표준화에 따라 기체, 액체, 고체의 여러 형태의 샘플을 실험할 수가 있습니다. 이 표준화란 샘플을 이산화탄소로 전환시켜 흑연으로 만드는 것입니다. 이 실험 방법에 대한 더 자세한 내용이나 실험 결과의 해석에 대해 궁금하신 내용이 있으시면 [여기에서](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-04a-results.html "ASTM D6866 results interpretation") 찾아 보실 수 있습니다.
---
### [Beta Analytic’s Radiocarbon Dating Services](https://www.betalabservices.com/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
**Published:** April 1, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Technique: Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
- Turnaround time: 2-14 business days
- Calibration: High-Probability Density Range Method
- Detection Limit: 43,500 BP (0.44 pMC)
- Secure online access to results, sample photos, and quality assurance reports
## ISO 17025-accredited since 2008
Beta Analytic has provided high-quality radiocarbon dating services since 1979. The lab has demonstrated technical competence in the measurement of (a) natural levels of radiocarbon by AMS, and (b) stable isotope ratios of carbon, deuterium, nitrogen, and oxygen by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS).
As a tracer-free lab, we do not accept biomedical samples or any materials with artificial carbon-14, carbon-13, carbon-12 or any other isotopes to avoid the risk of cross-contamination.
## Quality Control & Assurance
As part of our quality control measures, internal standards are run daily in our in-house particle accelerators with SNICS ion sources. Multiple cross-checks are performed throughout each analysis. At least two (2) background measurements are done at the beginning and end of each run. To ensure accuracy in the results for the unknowns, 4 to 5 known-age QA standards are run in each AMS wheel.
We require results for the QA samples to fall within expectations of the known values before accepting and reporting the results for any sample.
## [\[VIDEO\] Analytic How can Beta clients be sure their results comply with all the quality assurance requirements?](#collapseOne)
How can Beta Analytic clients be sure their results comply with all the quality assurance requirements?
Disclaimer: This video is hosted in a third-party site and may contain advertising.
## Unlimited Client Support in Multiple Languages
Our technical managers welcome discussion before, during, and after the analyses. We do not charge fees for technical support.
Our account managers offer assistance and advice in Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Spanish and Portuguese.
## Complimentary Stable Isotope Analysis
If the sample size permits, Beta Analytic also provides stable isotope analysis for these materials at no additional cost:
- δ13C for cremated bones, organics and water (dissolved inorganic carbon)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N for non-cremated bones
- δ13C + δ18O for carbonates
- δD + δ18O for water
We also offer stable isotope analyses NOT in conjunction with C14 dating.
### **Frequently Asked Questions:**
[How much does carbon dating cost?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/how-much-does-carbon-dating-cost.htm)
[Recommended sample sizes](https://www.radiocarbon.com/required-carbon-dating-sample-sizes.htm)
[Shipping Guidelines](https://www.radiocarbon.com/sending-carbon-dating-samples.htm)
*Page last updated: November 2022*
---
### [](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Natural Ingredient Testing
Measuring % Biobased Carbon versus % Fossil Carbon in natural ingredients
A 100% Biobased Carbon result means that the material analyzed is all natural and has no evidence of synthetic adulterants or any petrochemical-derived substances.
[Request Pricing](https://www.betalabservices.com/request-quote.html)
## What does “biobased” mean?
“Biobased” means containing organic carbon of renewable origin like agricultural, plant, animal, fungi, microorganisms, marine, or forestry materials living in a natural environment in equilibrium with the atmosphere, according to the ASTM D6866 analytical standard.
Biobased carbon testing is done by Carbon-14 analysis. Products that are 100% biobased are 100% sourced from plants, animals or microbiological materials. Since carbon-14 is only present in living or recently expired material, Carbon-14 testing using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is the most effective method in confirming if there are petrochemical-derived synthetic adulterants in a product claiming to be 100% naturally sourced. Biomass has a known level of carbon-14, whereas petroleum-derived materials do not contain any. Depending on the composition of the tested material, the result reported will be between 0% and 100% biobased.
## Measure the Biobased Content of Natural Ingredients by Carbon-14 Analysis
- Validate natural source claims
- Obtain data vital for raw materials quality control
- Identify adulterated or fraudulent “natural” flavor and fragrance products
## Natural-sourced vs Synthetic Origin Reporting Standards
- [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/astm-d6866.html) – Results are reported as a fraction of the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content of the material
- [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/iso-16620.html) – Reports results as a fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) or total carbon (TC)
These standards do not distinguish between different natural sources, only whether the material is biomass-derived or petrochemical-sourced or both. [Read more on TOC vs TC](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/organic-carbon.html)
## SGS Beta’s Testing Services for Natural Ingredients
- Standard Service – results are reported in 7 business days or less
- Priority Service – 4 business days or less
Products regularly accepted by SGS Beta for Carbon-14 analysis include **curcumin, essential oils, flavors**, and **food & dietary supplements**, among others.
## Case Studies
These are our case studies showing why Carbon-14 analysis is necessary to detect petrochemical-derived adulteration.
- [Garlic Oil](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01821)
- [Peppermint Oil](https://www.betalabservices.com/essential-oil-labs-peppermint/)
- Turmeric – with Eurofins and non-profit Global Curcumin Association
Read more on [Carbon-14 Analysis vs Other Authenticity Testing Methods](https://www.betalabservices.com/authenticity-testing-methods/)
Ready to submit samples for testing? [Read our guidelines](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/samples.html)
#### Get in touch to learn more about natural vs synthetic testing.
[Contact Us](https://www.betalabservices.com/general-inquiries.html)
Page last updated: April 2025
---
### [Thank You](https://www.betalabservices.com/thank-you-request-quote.html)
**Published:** January 25, 2024
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Thank you!
#### Thank you for your interest in Beta’s services.
We aim to respond to inquiries within 24 hours (Monday-Friday).
[Back to Home Page](https://www.betalabservices.com)
---
### [全炭素および全有機炭素中のバイオベース/バイオジェニック炭素含有量](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/organic-carbon.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
固体・液体・気体サンプル中の全有機炭素（TOC）または全炭素（TC）分画に含まれるバイオマス由来炭素を測定することにより、サンプル中のバイオベース炭素・バイオジェニック炭素を定量することができます。バイオベースとバイオジェニックは 、再生可能な炭素を含む物質と定義されていますが、一般的には、バイオベースはバイオジェニック起源（生物起源）の製品を定義するために使用されます。しかしこれらの用語はしばしば互換的に使用されます。
## 全有機炭素(TOC)
TOCはバイオベース産業にとって標準的なレポートフォーマットです。一般的に、フィラーやバインダーとして使用される石灰石、ドロマイト、その他鉱物由来炭素などの炭酸塩は放射性炭素をほとんどもしくはまったく含んでいないので、無機炭素はバイオマス由来という概念から除外されてきました。現行のASTM D6866規格の定義では、バイオベース製品はTOC分画のみを対象とします。
## 全炭素(TC)
一方、TCはバイオ燃料、排出ガス、セメントなどの試験によく使用されます。これらの産業では、使用している材料、工程の温室効果ガスへの総寄与率が問題であるため、生物起源分画と化石起源分画の両方を報告する必要があります。これは、産業が現代の炭素循環（カーボン・フットプリントなど）にどれだけの影響を与えているかを決定するために重要な試験です。化石燃料起源の排出を包括的に考慮する必要があるため、製品／工程のライフサイクルにおける複数の段階での試験が必要とされます。
*最終更新：2024年1月*
---
### [탄소 중립 이산화탄소](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
바이오 매스 혹은 바이오 유래 (biobased) 물질을 태워서 배출되는 이산화탄소를 탄소 중립 이산화탄소라고 합니다. 이런 탄소 중립 이산화탄소는 지구 상의 이산화탄소 농도에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않기 때문에 탄소 발자국이 0입니다. 바이오 매스가 타면 식물이 공기 중에서 흡수한 이산화탄소를 그대로 배출합니다. 즉 광합성 작용을 하기 위해 흡수한 이산화탄소를 다시 공기 중에 배출하는 사이클이 만들어집니다. 이렇게 균형 상태가 유지되므로 우리는 이를 탄소 중립이라고 합니다.
## 탄소 중립 바이오 매스
유럽 연합의 공식 저널에는 Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Commission의 온실 가스 감축을 관리 보고 지침에 따라 바이오 매스라고 여기는 여러 종류의 물질들을 적어 놓고 있습니다.
아래 적혀있는 물질에 토탄과 화석 물질은 바이오 매스로 여기지 않습니다. 유럽 연합의 공식 저널에 따르면 눈으로 보거나 냄새로 맡아서 다른 물질을 분명히 오염시키지 않았다면, 아래 적혀있는 그룹 1과 2 목록의 순수성을 설명하기 위한 분석 절차는 필요치 않습니다.
그룹 1 — 식물체와 식물체 일부:
- straw
- hay and grass
- leaves, wood, roots, stumps, bark
- crops, e.g. maize and triticale
Group 2 — 바이오 매스 쓰레기, 상품, 중간 상품:
- industrial waste wood (waste wood from woodworking and wood-processing operations and waste wood from operations in the wood materials industry)
- used wood (used products made from wood) and products and by-products from wood-processing operations
- wood-based waste from the pulp and paper industries, e.g. black liquor (with only biomass carbon)
- crude tall oil, tall oil and pitch oil from the production of pulp
- forestry residues
- lignin from the processing of plants containing ligno-celluose
- animal, fish and food meal, fat, oil and tallow
- primary residues from food and beverage production
- manure
- agricultural plant residues
- sewage sludge
- biogas produced by digestion, fermentation or gasification of biomass
- harbour sludge and other waterbody sludges and sediments
- landfill gas
- charcoal
- natural rubber or latex
Group 3 — 혼합 물질의 바이오 매스 부분 물질:
- the biomass fraction of flotsam from water body management
- the biomass fraction of mixed residues from food and beverage production
- the biomass fraction of composites containing wood
- the biomass fraction of textile wastes
- the biomass fraction of paper, cardboard, pasteboard
- the biomass fraction of municipal and industrial waste
- the biomass fraction of black liquor containing fossil carbon
- the biomass fraction of processed municipal and industrial wastes
- the biomass fraction of ethyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (ETBE)
- the biomass fraction of butanol
- the biomass fraction of waste tyres resulting from natural rubber and fibres
Group 4 — 구성 물질과 중간 생산 물질이 바이오 매스에서 온 연료들:
- bioethanol
- biodiesel
- etherised bioethanol
- biomethanol
- biodimethylether
- bio-oil (a pyrolysis oil fuel) and bio-gas
- hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO)
Source: [European Commission Guidance Document on Biomass issues in the EU ETS MRR Guidance document No. 3, Updated October 2022 (PDF)](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-10/gd3_biomass_issues_en.pdf)
관련 자료: 2023년 8월
---
### [Beta Analytic News](https://www.betalabservices.com/news.html)
**Published:** May 21, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Thank you](https://www.betalabservices.com/thank-you-bb-report.html)
**Published:** February 18, 2023
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
# Thank you!
#### Your request is received and we will contact you soon.
We check emails regularly during business hours (8 AM-5 PM EST, Monday-Friday).
[Back to Home Page](/)
---
### [Serviços de datação por radiocarbono do Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/datacao-radiocarbono-ams.html)
**Published:** April 4, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Técnica: Espectrometria de massa com aceleradores (AMS)
- Prazo de entrega de resultados: 2-14 dias úteis
- Calibração: Método de faixa de densidade de alta probabilidade
- Limite de detecção: 43500 BP (0,44 pMC)
- Acesso eletrônico seguro a resultados, fotografias de amostras e relatórios de garantia de qualidade
## Acreditado pelo ISO 17025 desde 2008
O Beta Analytic oferece serviços de datação por radiocarbono de alta qualidade desde 1979. O laboratório demonstra competência técnica nas medições de: (a) níveis naturais de radiocarbono por AMS; e (b) razões isotópicas de carbono, deutério, nitrogênio e oxigênio por espectrometria de massa de razões isotópicas (IRMS).
Por sermos um laboratório livre de marcadores, não aceitamos amostras biomédicas ou outros materiais que contenham isótopos artificiais de carbono-14, carbono-13, carbono-12 ou quaisquer outros, a fim de evitarmos o risco de contaminação cruzada.
## Controle e garantia de qualidade
Como parte de nossas medidas de controle de qualidade, rodamos padrões internos diariamente em nossos aceleradores de partículas com fontes de íons SNICS. Realizamos múltiplas verificações cruzadas a cada análise. São realizadas, no mínimo, duas (2) medições em segundo plano ao começo e final de cada análise. Para garantir a acurácia nos resultados das amostras desconhecidas, são rodados 4 a 5 padrões de idade conhecida em cada AMS, para a garantia de qualidade.
Os resultados das amostras de controle de qualidade devem estar dentro das expectativas dos valores conhecidos antes de aceitarmos e reportarmos os resultados de qualquer amostra.
## Consultas ilimitadas e suporte ao cliente em diferentes idiomas
Nossos gerentes técnicos estão à disposição para tirar dúvidas antes, durante e depois das análises. Não cobramos pelas consultas.
Nossos gerentes de contas oferecem apoio e aconselhamentos em alemão, chinês, coreano, espanhol, francês, inglês, italiano, japonês e português.
## Cortesia de análises de isótopos estáveis
Se o tamanho da amostra permitir, o Beta Analytic também oferece análises isotópicas para os materiais abaixo, sem custos adicionais:
- δ13C para ossos cremados, matéria orgânica e água (carbono inorgânico dissolvido)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N para ossos não cremados
- δ13C + δ18O para carbonatos
- δD + δ18O para água
Também oferecemos análises de isótopos estáveis independentes de datações por C14.
### **Perguntas frequentes:**
[Quanto custa a datação por radiocarbono?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/portugues/quanto-custa-datacao-radiocarbono.htm)
[Tamanhos recomendados de amostras](https://www.radiocarbon.com/portugues/arqueologia-requisitos-amostras.htm)
[Orientações de envio](https://www.radiocarbon.com/portugues/arqueologia-enviar-amostras.htm)
*Última atualização: novembro de 2022*
---
### [Servizi di analisi al radiocarbonio di Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/datazione-radiocarbonio-ams.html)
**Published:** April 7, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Tecnica: Spettrometria di massa con acceleratore (AMS)
- Tempi di consegna: 2-14 giorni lavorativi
- Calibrazione: Metodo High-Probability Density Range
- Limite di rilevamento: 43500 BP (0,44 pMC)
- Accesso online sicuro ai risultati, alle foto dei campioni e ai report di garanzia di qualità
## Certificazione ISO 17025 dal 2008
Beta Analytic fornisce servizi di datazione al radiocarbonio di alta qualità dal 1979. Il laboratorio ha dimostrato competenza tecnica nella misurazione di (a) livelli naturali di radiocarbonio tramite AMS e (b) rapporti di isotopi stabili di carbonio, deuterio, azoto e ossigeno mediante spettrometria di massa isotopica (IRMS).
Dal momento che il nostro è un laboratorio tracer-free, non accettiamo campioni biomedici né altri materiali contenenti carbonio-14, carbonio-13, carbonio-12 o altri isotopi artificiali per evitare il rischio di contaminazione incrociata.
## Controllo e assicurazione qualità
Le nostre procedure di controllo qualità prevedono l’analisi giornaliera di campioni di riferimento interni nei nostri acceleratori di particelle con fonti di ioni SNICS. Vengono effettuati diversi controlli incrociati durante ogni analisi e all’inizio e alla fine di ogni test vengono eseguite almeno due (2) misurazioni del background. Per garantire la precisione dei risultati relativi ai campioni di età sconosciuta, ogni ruota AMS contiene da 4 a 5 campioni standard di età nota.
La concordanza dei risultati dei campioni di controllo qualità con i valori attesi è un requisito fondamentale per l’approvazione e la consegna dei risultati dei campioni di età sconosciuta.
## Consulenza illimitata e supporto clienti in diverse lingue
I nostri responsabili tecnici sono sempre disponibili a fornire consulenza prima, durante e dopo le analisi. La consulenza è gratuita.
I nostri account manager offrono assistenza e consulenza in cinese, inglese, francese, tedesco, italiano, giapponese, coreano, spagnolo e portoghese.
## Analisi degli isotopi stabili gratuite
Se la dimensione del campione lo consente, Beta Analytic effettua le seguenti analisi degli isotopi stabili senza costi aggiuntivi:
- δ13C su ossa cremate, sostanze organiche e acqua (carbonio inorganico disciolto)
- δ13C + δ15N + % C + % N + C:N su ossa non cremate
- δ13C + δ18O su carbonati
- δD + δ18O su acqua
Offriamo analisi degli isotopi stabili anche SENZA datazione al C14.
### **Domande frequenti:**
[Quanto costa la datazione al carbonio?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/costi-datazione-carbonio.htm)
[Quantità di materiale raccomandate](https://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/datazione-radiocarbonio-campioni-dimensioni.htm)
[Istruzioni per la spedizione](https://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/datazione-radiocarbonio-campioni.htm)
*Ultimo aggiornamento: novembre 2022*
---
### [Servicios de datación por radiocarbono de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/datacion-radiocarbono-ams.html)
**Published:** April 6, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Técnica: Espectrometría de masas con aceleradores (AMS)
- Tiempos de entrega: 2-14 días laborables
- Calibración: Método del rango de densidad de alta probabilidad
- Límite de detección: 43500 BP (0,44 pMC)
- Acceso seguro en línea a resultados, fotografías de las muestras e informes de garantía de calidad
## Laboratorio acreditado por la norma ISO 17025 desde 2008
Beta Analytic ha ofrecido servicios de datación por radiocarbono de alta calidad desde 1979. El laboratorio ha demostrado competencia técnica en la medición de (a) niveles naturales de radiocarbono por AMS, y b) relaciones de isótopos estables de carbono, deuterio, nitrógeno y oxígeno por espectrometría de masas de relaciones isotópicas (IRMS).
Al ser un laboratorio libre de trazadores, no aceptamos muestras biomédicas ni materiales con isótopos artificiales de carbono-14, carbono-13, carbono-12 o algún otro para evitar riesgos de contaminación cruzada.
## Control y aseguramiento de calidad
Como parte de nuestras medidas de control de calidad, se analizan estándares internos diariamente en nuestros aceleradores de partículas con fuentes de iones SNICS. Se realizan múltiples verificaciones cruzadas en cada etapa del análisis. Al menos dos (2) mediciones en segundo plano se llevan a cabo al inicio y final de cada prueba. Para asegurar la precisión de los resultados en las muestras desconocidas, entre 4 y 5 estándares de control de calidad de edad conocida son incluidos en la rueda del acelerador.
Los resultados de las muestras de control de calidad deben encontrarse dentro de los rangos esperados antes de aceptar y publicar los resultados de cualquier muestra.
## Consultas ilimitadas y asistencia al cliente en múltiples idiomas
Nuestros gerentes técnicos aceptan consultas antes, durante y después de los análisis. No generamos cargos por consultas.
Nuestros gerentes de cuenta ofrecen asistencia y asesoramiento en chino, inglés, francés, alemán, italiano, japonés, coreano, español y portugués.
## Análisis de isótopos estables gratuitos
Si el tamaño de la muestra lo permite, Beta Analytic ofrece análisis de isótopos estables en los siguientes materiales sin costo adicional:
- δ13C en huesos incinerados, materiales orgánicos y agua (carbono inorgánico disuelto)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N en huesos no incinerados
- δ13C + δ18O en carbonatos
- δD + δ18O en agua
También ofrecemos análisis de isótopos estables SIN datación por C14.
### **Preguntas frecuentes:**
[¿Cuánto cuesta la datación por carbono?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/espanol/cuanto-cuesta-la-datacion-por-carbono.htm)
[Tamaños de muestra recomendados](https://www.radiocarbon.com/espanol/arqueologia-requisitos-muestras.htm)
[Instrucciones de envío](https://www.radiocarbon.com/espanol/arqueologia-enviar-muestras.htm)
*Última actualización de la página: Noviembre de 2022*
---
### [Services de datation au radiocarbone de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/datation-radiocarbone-ams.html)
**Published:** April 6, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Technique : Spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS)
- Délai : 2-14 jours ouvrés
- Calibration : Méthode de plage de densité à haute probabilité
- Limite de détection : 43500 BP (0,44 pMC)
- Accès en ligne sécurisé aux résultats, photos des échantillons et rapports d’assurance qualité
## Accréditation ISO 17025 depuis 2008
Beta Analytic fournit des services de datation au radiocarbone de haute qualité depuis 1979. Le laboratoire a démontré une compétence technique dans la mesure (a) des niveaux naturels de radiocarbone par AMS, et (b) des rapports isotopiques stables du carbone, du deutérium, de l’azote et de l’oxygène par spectrométrie de masse à rapport isotopique (IRMS).
En tant que laboratoire sans traceur, nous n’acceptons pas d’échantillons biomédicaux ou de matériaux contenant du carbone 14, du carbone 13, du carbone 12 ou d’autres isotopes artificiels afin d’éviter tout risque de contamination croisée.
## Assurance & contrôle qualité
Dans le cadre de nos mesures de contrôle qualité, des normes internes sont appliquées quotidiennement dans nos accélérateurs de particules avec des sources d’ions SNICS. Plusieurs recoupements sont effectués tout au long de chaque analyse. Au moins deux (2) mesures de fond sont effectuées au début et à la fin de chaque analyse. Pour garantir l’exactitude des résultats pour les valeurs inconnues, 4 à 5 échantillons de référence d’assurance qualité d’âge connu sont analysés dans chaque machine AMS.
Nous exigeons que les résultats des échantillons d’AQ soient conformes aux valeurs connues avant de valider et de communiquer les résultats.
## Consultation illimitée & support client dans plusieurs langues
Nos responsables techniques sont à votre disposition pour répondre à vos questions avant, pendant et après les analyses. Nous ne facturons pas de frais de consultation.
Nos chargés de clientèle proposent assistance et conseils en chinois, anglais, français, allemand, italien, japonais, coréen, espagnol et portugais.
## Analyse gratuite des isotopes stables
Si la taille de l’échantillon le permet, Beta Analytic fournit également une analyse isotopique stable pour les matériaux suivants sans frais supplémentaires :
- δ13C pour les os incinérés, matières organiques et l’eau (carbone inorganique dissous)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N pour les os non incinérés
- δ13C + δ18O pour les carbonates
- δD + δ18O pour l’eau
Nous proposons également des analyses d’isotopes stables SANS la datation C14.
### **Questions fréquemment posées :**
[Combien coûte la datation au radiocarbone ?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/francais/combien-coute-la-datation-carbone.htm)
[Taille recommandée pour les échantillons](https://www.radiocarbon.com/francais/taille-des-echantillons-radiocarbone.htm)
[Instructions d’envoi](https://www.radiocarbon.com/francais/envoi-echantillons-datation-radiocarbone.htm)
*Dernière mise à jour : novembre 2022*
---
### [Beta Analytics Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungsdienste](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/radiokohlenstoff-ams-datierung.html)
**Published:** April 4, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- Verfahren: Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS)
- Bearbeitungszeit: 2-14 Werktage
- Kalibrierung: High-Probability Density Range Methode
- Nachweisgrenze: 43500 BP (0,44 pMC)
- Sicherer Online-Zugriff auf Ergebnisse, Probenfotos und Qualitätssicherungsberichte
## ISO 17025-akkreditiert seit 2008
Beta Analytic bietet hochwertige Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungsdienste seit 1979 an. Das Labor hat technische Kompetenz bei der Messung von (a) natürlichen Radiokohlenstoffwerten mittels AMS und (b) stabilen Isotopenverhältnissen von Kohlenstoff, Deuterium, Stickstoff und Sauerstoff mittels Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS).
Als tracerfreies Labor akzeptieren wir keine biomedizinischen Proben oder Materialien mit künstlichem Kohlenstoff-14, Kohlenstoff-13, Kohlenstoff-12 oder anderen Isotopen, um das Risiko einer Kreuzkontamination zu vermeiden.
## Qualitätskontrolle & -sicherung
Im Rahmen unserer Qualitätskontrollmaßnahmen werden in unseren hauseigenen Teilchenbeschleunigern täglich interne Standards mit SNICS-Ionenquellen durchgeführt. Während jeder Analyse werden mehrere Gegenprüfungen durchgeführt. Zu Beginn und am Ende jedes Durchlaufs werden mindestens zwei (2) Backgroundmessungen durchgeführt. Um die Genauigkeit der Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Unbekannte sicherzustellen, werden in jedem AMS-Rad 4 bis 5 QS-Standards mit bekannten Altern ausgeführt.
Die Ergebnisse für die QS-Stichproben müssen den Vorgaben der bekannten Werte entsprechen, bevor die Ergebnisse für eine Probe akzeptiert und gemeldet werden.
## Unbegrenzte Beratung und Kundenbetreuung in mehreren Sprachen
Unsere technischen Manager begrüßen Kundenaustausch vor, während und nach den Analysen. Wir berechnen keine Beratungsgebühren.
Unsere Kundenbetreuer bieten Unterstützung und Beratung in Chinesisch, Englisch, Französisch, Deutsch, Italienisch, Japanisch, Koreanisch, Spanisch und Portugiesisch.
## Kostenlose Analyse stabiler Isotope
Wenn die Probengröße es zulässt, bietet Beta Analytic auch eine stabile Isotopenanalyse für folgende Materialien ohne zusätzliche Kosten an:
- δ13C für Leichenbrand, organische Stoffe und Wasser (gelöster anorganischer Kohlenstoff)
- δ13C + δ15N +% C +% N + C: N für nicht eingeäscherte Knochen
- δ13C + δ18O für Karbonate
- δD + δ18O für Wasser
Wir bieten auch stabile Isotopenanalysen an, die NICHT in Verbindung mit C14-Datierungen stehen.
### **Häufig gestellte Fragen:**
[Was kostet eine Kohlenstoffdatierung?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/deutsch/was-kosten-carbon-datierungen.htm)
[Empfohlene Probenmengen](https://www.radiocarbon.com/deutsch/probenanforderung-kohlenstoff-14.htm)
[Versandrichtlinien](https://www.radiocarbon.com/deutsch/radiokohlenstoff-zusendung-proben.htm)
*Letzte Aktualisierung der Seite: November 2022*
---
### [Beta實驗室放射性碳定年服務](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
**Published:** April 13, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 技術: 使用加速器質譜儀 (AMS)定年
- 測試時程: 2-14個工作天交付報告
- 校正: 使用高概率密度範圍法進行校正
- 定年極限: 43,500 BP (0.44 pMC)
- 使用安全的連線提供定年結果、樣品照片和品質保證報告
## 2008年起通過ISO 17025認證
Beta實驗室自1979年起提供高品質的放射性碳定年服務。本實驗室已證明具有(a)以加速器質譜儀(AMS)測量天然等級的放射性碳，以及(b)以同位素比質譜儀(IRMS)測量碳、氫、氮和氧等穩定同位素。
身為無示蹤劑實驗室，我們不接受生醫樣品或任何添加人工碳14、碳13、碳12或其他同位素的樣品，以避免交叉污染的風險。
## 品質控制與保證
品質量控制措施的其中一部分，就是每天在帶有銫濺離子源的內部粒子加速器中運行內部標準。在每個分析過程中都進行了多次交叉檢查。每次運行的開始和結束至少要進行兩次背景測量。為了確保樣品的準確性，每個AMS樣品輪盤中，需要運行4至5個已知年齡的品質保證標準品測試。
在完成和發佈任何樣品的報告之前，我們要求品質保證標準品的測試結果須落在已知值的預期範圍內。
## 多種語言的不限定諮詢和客戶支持服務
我們的技術經理歡迎客戶在分析之前、中和之後進行討論。 我們不收取諮詢費用。
我們的客戶經理以國語、英語、法文、德文、意大利文、日文、韓文、西班牙文和葡萄牙文提供幫助和建議。
## 免費的附加穩定同位素分析
在樣品量充足的情況下，Beta實驗室也可以為以下這些類別的放射性碳定年樣品提供附帶的穩定同位素分析，而無需額外費用：
- δ13C適用於燃燒過的骨頭、有機物和水(溶解態無機碳)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N 適用於未燃燒的骨頭
- δ13C + δ18O 適用於碳酸鹽類
- δD + δ18O 適用於水
實驗室也單獨提供穩定同位素測試服務。
### **常見問題:**
[碳定年費用是多少呢](https://www.radiocarbon.com/zh-hant/how-much-does-carbon-dating-cost.htm)
[建議樣品量](https://www.radiocarbon.com/zh-hant/required-carbon-dating-sample-sizes.htm)
[寄送指南](https://www.radiocarbon.com/zh-hant/sending-carbon-dating-samples.htm)
*最後更新時間: 2022年11月*
---
### [Beta Analyticの放射性炭素年代測定サービス](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
**Published:** April 6, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 方法: 加速器質量分析(AMS)
- 納期: 2-14 営業日
- 暦年代較正: High-Probability Density Range法
- 検出限界: 43,500 BP (0.44 pMC)
- 安全なオンラインアクセスによる結果、試料写真、品質管理レポートの閲覧
## 2008からISO 17025-認定
Beta Analytic は1979年から高品質な放射性炭素年代測定サービスをご提供してきました。私たちは、(a) AMSによる天然レベルの放射性炭素測定、および(b)同位体質量分析計(IRMS)による炭素、水素、窒素、酸素の安定同位体分析において技術力を発揮してきました。
トレーサーフリー試験所であるため、生体医学に関する試料、そして人為起源のcarbon-14, carbon-13, carbon-12はもとより他のいかなる人為起源同位体を含む可能性のある試料は、クロス-コンタミネーションを避けるために受け入れておりません。
## 品質管理 & 保証
品質管理の一環として、SNICSイオンソースによる加速器でインターナルスタンダードの測定を常時行っています。複数のクロスチェックがそれぞれの分析の過程で行われます。少なくとも2つのバックグランド試料の測定がそれぞれの測定の最初と最後に行われます。結果の確度を保証するため4から5の既知年代の品質保証用試料がそれぞれのAMSホイールで測定されます。
最終結果の報告のためには、それらQA試料の測定値が想定内の範囲であることが要求されます。
## 多言語による無制限の技術相談とサポート
技術担当者は、分析の前、途中、後、どのタイミングでのご相談も歓迎いたします。技術相談は無料です。
中国語、英語、フランス語、ドイツ語、イタリア語、日本語、韓国語、スペイン語、ポルトガル語による対応が可能です。
## 無料の安定同位体分析
Beta Analyticの年代測定には、試料のサイズが許容できる限り、以下の安定同位体分析も無料でご提供しています。
- 火葬骨、有機物、水(溶存無機炭素)のδ13C
- 火葬骨以外の骨試料のδ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N
- 炭酸塩のδ13C + δ18O
- 水のδD + δ18O
年代測定を行わない試料の安定同位体分析も有料でご提供しています。
### **FAQ:**
[放射性炭素年代測定の費用は?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/jp/how-much-does-carbon-dating-cost.htm)
[試料のサイズは?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/jp/required-carbon-dating-sample-sizes.htm)
[試料の送付方法について](https://www.radiocarbon.com/jp/sending-carbon-dating-samples.htm)
*最終更新：2022年11月*
---
### [Beta 연구소의 방사성탄소 연대측정 서비스](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/radiocarbon-ams-dating.html)
**Published:** April 6, 2020
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- 측정기기: 질량가속분석기 (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry)
- 결과보고: 2-14 영업일 이내
- 보정 방법: High-Probability Density Range Method
- 측정 한계값: 43,500 BP (0.44 pMC)
- 모든 보고서, 시료 사진, 품질 보증 보고서 안전한 온라인 접속 가능.
## 2008년도부터 ISO 17025-인증업체
Beta 연구소는 1979년부터 고품질의 방사성탄소 연대측정 서비스를 제공해오고 있습니다. AMS 를 이용해 천연 상태의 방사성탄소 측정 분야와 동위원소 질량 분석기로 탄소, 수소, 질소, 산소 안정 동위원소 분석 분야에서 기술적 완벽성을 보여줍니다.
추적자 취급하지 않는 연구소로서, 상호 오염의 위험성을 피하기 위해 바이오 의학 분야 시료나 인공 탄소 12, 13, 14 나 다른 동위원소를 추가한 시료는 취급하지 않습니다.
## 품질 관리 및 보장
품질 관리 방안으로서, 내부 표준 물질을 SNICS ion 과 함께 자체 가속기를 매일 운영합니다. 각 분석마다 다양한 상호 체크를 진행합니다. 각각의 기기 운영 시작과 마지막에 최소 2번의 기초 측정을 진행합니다. 또한 시료 측정의 정확성을 확보하기 위해 각 AMS 휠마다 4-5개의 QA 표준 물질을 측정합니다.
최종 측정 결과 보고 전, QA 표준 시료의 측정 값이 기존 알고있는 값과 일치하는지 확인합니다.
## 한국어를 포함한 다양한 언어로 무제한 자문 및 고객 지원
분석 전, 동안, 후, 언제든 우리 전문 매니저는 의논사항에 대해 무료 자문해 드립니다. 무료입니다.
또한 한국어를 비롯해 영어, 중국어, 프랑스어, 독어. 이태리어, 일본어, 스페인어, 폴투기어로 고객 지원합니다.
## 무료 안정 동위원소 분석 서비스
다음 시료들의 경우, 추가 비용없이 안정 동위원소 분석해 드립니다. (단 시료가 충분할 경우에 한해서):
- δ13C – 화장된 뼈, 유기물질, 물 (용존 무기 탄소)
- δ13C + δ15N + %C + %N + C:N – 화장안된 뼈
- δ13C + δ18O – 탄산염
- δD + δ18O – 물
C14 연대측정과 관계없이 별도의 안정 동위원소 분석도 가능합니다.
### **자주하는 질문/응답:**
[연대측정 가격은?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/korean/how-much-does-carbon-dating-cost.htm)
[시료 량은?](https://www.radiocarbon.com/korean/required-carbon-dating-sample-sizes.htm)
시료 [발송 안내문](https://www.radiocarbon.com/korean/sending-carbon-dating-samples.htm)
*최신 업데이트: 2022년 11월*
---
### [為什麼使用碳14來測量燃料和排放的生物源含量](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/renewable-carbon.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
## 獲得替代燃料的準確數據
碳14可測出精確的燃料生物源含量數據，提供替代燃料一個更好的回報率。目前，許多工廠預估或使用酸溶解測試法來測定生物源部分，這兩種方法都沒有碳14方法準確。
## 取得異質燃料的代表性測量
對[排煙道二氧化碳](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/stack-gas-co2.html)施行生物源碳測試，可測定固定污染源排放出的總二氧化碳中，含多少生物質衍生和化石燃料衍生二氧化碳，這樣可以克服取樣固體燃料時，會遇到的代表性問題。 對於使用[城市固體廢棄物(MSW)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/municipal-solid-waste.html), [垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/refuse-derived-fuels.html), [輪胎衍生燃料(TDF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/tire-derived-fuels.html) 或 [污水污泥](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/sewage-sludge.html) 等垃圾發電廠來說，特別有價值。
## [遵守溫室氣體協議](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/biomass-determination.html)和碳排放交易
許多法規規定公司須申報溫室氣體清冊，而排煙道中生物源或碳中性二氧化碳的成分則可從公司排放的溫室氣體清冊中扣除，這些法規中，也有建議或要求進行碳14立基的分析、測量。如廢棄物轉能源（來自於廢棄物的能源）、發電廠、煤炭混燒、鋼鐵、水泥、石灰等眾多行業，依法需要量化他們的生物源二氧化碳排放量。
#### 善用Beta實驗室的專業知識！
##### 只需4-14個工作天即可交付報告
實驗室提供14個工作天的標準測試服務。也可以選擇更快速的測試服務 – 快速服務(7個工作天)及優先服務(4個工作天)。測試結果、 [品質保證報告](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-lab-qa.html) 和樣品照片可透過線上查詢系統取得，全年無休。
##### ASTM D6866方法的合作開發成員
實驗室是[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/astm-d6866.html)方法的關鍵開發成員之一，並在全球的主要生質標準化行動中擔任技術顧問，如EN ISO 21644及[ISO 13833](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/iso-13833.html).
##### 碳14測試的領先者
自1979年起，[ISO 17025-認證](https://www.betalabservices.com/beta-analytic-iso-17025.html)的Beta實驗室一直是碳14測試的領先者。
##### 專業的技術諮詢服務
Beta實驗室擁有無與倫比且專業的複雜可再生樣品測試能力。我們的服務包含免費、無限的技術諮詢。
##### 無示踪劑實驗室
實驗室不接受含人工碳14的生物醫學樣品，因為它可能會交叉污染可再生碳測試。
### 您正在使用碳中性燃料？ 驗證看看!
*Beta實驗室，值得信賴、品質高且快速的可再生碳測試服務。*[聯繫我們](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
---
### [ASTM D6866 天然由来証明試験（真正評価）](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/natural-products/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
ASTM D6866は、固体や液体、気体に含まれるバイオベース度（植物、動物などの抽出物の含有量）を決定する放射性炭素（C14）測定試験のために米国で確立された標準規格です。 これにより、対象物質における天然由来物質 vs 石油由来の合成物質の正確な含有比率を測定することができます。本試験は、香料(フレーバー、フレグランス)、食品、飲料、サプリメントといった製品の試験として適しています。
ASTM D6866試験法では、天然由来の製品の、原料の種（植物、動物、微生物の特定）を同定する試験ではなく、単純に天然由来のみ／合成(石油由来)由来のみで構成されているか、もしくはその混合品であるかを分析する試験です。
[お見積りはこちらから](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/astm-d6866-contact.html "お見積りはこちらから")
## ASTM D6866と石油由来の合成物質
ナチュラルプロダクツ（自然派製品）の需要は増えるにしたがって、安く購入できるからといった経済的な理由から偽装/偽和も増えています。自然の原料は、比較的高価で、生産が難しい側面があるため、安価で簡単に手に入る石油由来の合成物質に置き換えることも多いのです。 こうした状況の中、業界の利害関係者にとって、ラベリングの誤りが法的、そして商的な波紋を招かねないために、原材料が本当に天然由来のものかどうかを確認できることが重要視されています。
**ASTM D6866**法で放射性炭素（C14）の含有量を測定することで、植物由来のバイオマスのように放射性炭素（C14）を不偏的に含む現世の炭素（ バイオベース炭素）と石油由来物質の炭素の割合を算出することができます。
石油由来物質は放射性炭素（C14）を一切含まないことから、天然由来かどうかは放射性炭素（C14）を含んでいるか否かで確認できます。実際に含んでいる放射性炭素（C14）の割合に応じて0%から100%の間でバイオベース度をご報告いたします。
### 天然由来証明試験機関 – Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic社では、ASTM D6866に準拠して、天然由来vs石油由来物質の比率を測定する天然由来証明試験を行っております。ISO/IEC17025:2017認定試験機関である弊社が全試験を行い、5-7営業日にて結果のご報告をいたします。 納期短縮サービスをご選択いただいた場合は、４営業日以下でご報告いたします。
Beta Analytic社は、2004年のASTM D6866標準化にあたってASTM小委員会の一員として携わりました。天然由来を証明するため、ASTM D6866の結果として全有機体炭素量（TOC）をご報告いたします。
---
### [ASTM D6866 천연유래 제품 실험](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/natural-products/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
미국에서 개발된 표준 분석 방식인 **ASTM D6866**은 방사성탄소 (탄소 14) 측정을 통해 기체, 액체, 고체 물질의 바이오기반 함량을 측정하는데 쓰이고 있습니다. 이 실험은 석유화학 유래 합성 물질 대비 천연유래 물질의 퍼센트를 정확히 보여줍니다. 식품 첨가물, 향수, 향료, 음료, 건강 보조 식품같은 제품에도 사용됩니다.
ASTM D6866 은 서로 다른 종류의 천연유래 물질을 구별하지는 못합니다. 단지 석유화학 유래와 천연유래를 구별하는데 쓰입니다.
[견적 요청하기](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/astm-d6866-contact.html "견적 요청하기")
## ASTM D6866을 통한 석유화학 유래 합성 물질 탐지
천연유래 제품의 수요가 늘면서, 경제적 이득을 취하려는 사기 행각 또한 증가하고 있습니다. 천연유래 원료의 가격 상승과 공급 부족으로 가격이 싸고 쉽게 구할 수 있는 석유화학 유래 합성 원료 사용 또한 증가하고 있습니다. 산업 현장에서는 제품들의 천연유래 원료가 실제 천연유래인지 증명하는 것이 아주 중요한 일이 되고 있습니다. 의도치 않았던 원료 납품 업자의 농간에 커다란 법적, 경제적 손실을 볼 수 있기 때문입니다.
방사성탄소 (탄소 14) 함량을 측정하는 ASTM D6866 실험은 천연유래 탄소 (바이오기반 탄소)와 석유화학 유래 탄소를 정확히 탐지할 수 있습니다. 바이오매스는 방사성탄소 (탄소 14)를 일정량 가지고 있는 반면, 석유유래 물질은 전혀 없습니다. 실험 대상 물질의 구성에 따라 결과 보고서는 0% – 100% 사이의 바이오기반을 가지고 있습니다.
### 천연유래 제품 실험 연구소 – Beta 연구소
Beta 연구소는 ASTM D6866 규정에 따라 방사성탄소 천연유래 제품 실험 서비스를 제공합니다. 천연유래 대비 석유화학 유래 물질의 퍼센트를 보여줍니다. ISO/IEC 17025:2017 인증업체인 본 연구소는 5-7 영업일 이내 결과를 보고해 드립니다. 특급 서비스는 4 영업일 이내에 보고해 드립니다.
Beta 연구소는 2004년 American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee의 일원으로 참가하여 ASTM D6866 실험 방식을 만들었습니다. 천연유래 제품 실험인 ASTM D6866 결과는 전체 유기 탄소 (Total Organic Carbon (TOC)) 에서 측정합니다. .
---
### [Análise de produtos naturais segundo a ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/produtos-naturais/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
O método analítico padronizado **ASTM D6866** foi desenvolvido nos Estados Unidos e utiliza a análise por carbono-14 para determinar o conteúdo de base biológica de materiais sólidos, líquidos e gasosos. A análise mostra com exatidão, em um dado material, a porcentagem de conteúdo proveniente de base biológica em comparação ao conteúdo derivado de sintéticos. O teste pode ser utilizado em produtos como aromas, fragrâncias, alimentos, bebidas e suplementos.
A norma ASTM D6866 não distingue entre diferentes fontes naturais, mas sim determina se o material é derivado de biomassa ou de fontes petroquímicas, ou se é uma mistura dos dois.
[Solicite um orçamento](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/astm-d6866-contato.html "Solicite um orçamento")
## Detectando sintéticos derivados de petroquímicos com a ASTM D6866
A demanda por produtos naturais tem crescido e, com ela, também tem aumentado o incentivo por adulterações motivadas pela economia. Como os ingredientes naturais são normalmente mais caros e difíceis de produzir, a substituição com sintéticos derivados de petroquímicos oferece uma solução mais barata e fácil. Para as partes interessadas da indústria, poder verificar se seu produto é realmente natural e não adulterado é crucial, já que até mesmo rotulagem inadvertidamente equivocada pode acarretar em consequências legais e financeiras.
Ao analisar o teor de **carbono-14**, a ASTM D6866 é capaz de distinguir entre fontes de carbono contemporâneo, como biomassa de plantas (carbono de base biológica) e carbono de derivados de petróleo. A biomassa contém um nível conhecido de carbono-14, enquanto materiais derivados de petróleo não contêm carbono-14 algum. Dependendo da composição do material analisado, o resultado reportado será entre 0% e 100% de base biológica.
### Laboratório de análises de produtos naturais – Beta Analytic
O Beta Analytic oferece análises por carbono-14 de produtos naturais segundo a norma ASTM D6866, e reporta a porcentagem de material natural em relação a material derivado de petroquímicos. O laboratório é acreditado pelo ISO/IEC 17025:2017, e apresenta resultados em 5-7 dias úteis. Dispomos também de um serviço prioritário para análises com resultados em 4 ou menos dias úteis.
O Beta Analytic foi membro do subcomitê da American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), que desenvolveu a ASTM D6866 em 2004. Para análises da proveniência de produtos naturais, os resultados ASTM D6866 são reportados como fração do Carbono Orgânico Total (TOC).
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### [Analisi dei prodotti naturali con ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/prodotti-naturali/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Il metodo analitico standardizzato **ASTM D6866** è stato sviluppato negli Stati Uniti e sfrutta la tecnica del carbonio-14 per determinare il contenuto biobased di qualsiasi materiale solido, liquido o gassoso. Il referto evidenzia la percentuale di materiale di origine biobased in contrapposizione ai componenti sintetizzati dal petrolio. Questo test può essere applicato a prodotti come aromi, fragranze, alimenti, bevande e integratori.
ASTM D6866 non permette di distinguere tra diverse fonti naturali, ma solo tra materiali derivati da biomassa e materiali derivati da sostanze petrolchimiche.
[Richiedi un preventivo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/astm-d6866-contatti.html "Richiedi un preventivo")
## Rilevare le sostanze petrolchimiche con ASTM D6866
La crescita della domanda di prodotti naturali ha creato un incentivo economico per l’adulterazione. Poiché gli ingredienti naturali sono spesso costosi e difficili da produrre, risulta conveniente sostituirli con sostanze sintetiche di origine petrolchimica. Per gli stakeholder dell’industria alimentare, è di importanza cruciale essere in grado di verificare che i loro prodotti siano davvero naturali e non adulterati, dal momento che perfino un errore involontario nella dichiarazione degli ingredienti può avere conseguenze legali ed economiche.
Attraverso la misurazione del contenuto di **carbonio-14**, ASTM D6866 permette la distinzione tra fonti di carbonio “contemporaneo” (carbonio biobased) come i vegetali e carbonio proveniente dal petrolio. La biomassa contiene una quantità nota di carbonio-14, mentre i materiali derivati dal petrolio non ne contengono. A seconda della composizione del materiale analizzato, il risultato sarà un valore compreso tra 0% e 100% biobased.
### Laboratorio di analisi dei prodotti naturali – Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic fornisce analisi dei prodotti naturali col metodo del carbonio-14 in conformità allo standard ASTM D6866, misurando la percentuale di sostanze naturali in contrapposizione a quelle petrolchimiche. Il laboratorio di Beta, accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, consegna i risultati in 5-7 giorni lavorativi. È disponibile un servizio prioritario per i risultati urgenti, con consegna entro 4 giorni lavorativi.
Beta Analytic ha fatto parte del Sottocomitato dell’American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), autore, nel 2004, dello standard ASTM D6866. Per l’analisi delle fonti dei prodotti naturali, i risultati ASTM D6866 sono riportati come frazione del carbonio organico totale (TOC).
---
### [Analyses de produits naturels selon l’ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/produits-naturels/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
La méthode analytique normalisée **ASTM D6866** a été élaborée aux États-Unis. Elle utilise l’analyse au carbone 14 pour déterminer la teneur biosourcée des matières solides, liquides et gazeuses. Cette analyse montre avec précision le pourcentage de matériau qui est d’origine biosourcée par rapport aux matériaux synthétiques dérivés de la pétrochimie. L’analyse peut être utilisée pour des produits tels que les arômes, les parfums, les aliments, les boissons et les compléments alimentaires.
L’ASTM D6866 ne permet pas de faire la différence entre différentes origines naturelles, elle indique uniquement si l’échantillon est issu de la biomasse ou de la pétrochimie ou est un mélange des deux.
[Obtenir un devis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/contact-astm-d6866.html "Obtenir un devis")
## Détection de substances synthétiques dérivées du pétrole avec l’ASTM D6866
Avec l’augmentation de la demande de produits naturels, l’incitation à l’adultération motivée par des considérations économiques augmente également. Les ingrédients naturels étant souvent plus chers et difficiles à produire, les remplacer par des produits synthétiques dérivés de la pétrochimie est une solution moins onéreuse et plus accessible. Pour les intervenants de cette industrie, il est crucial de pouvoir vérifier que leurs produits sont d’origine naturelle et non altérés, car même un étiquetage erroné peut avoir des conséquences juridiques et financières.
En mesurant la teneur en **carbone 14**, l’ASTM D6866 est capable de distinguer les sources de carbone contemporaines comme la biomasse des plantes (carbone biosourcé) et le carbone issu de dérivés du pétrole. La biomasse a un niveau connu de carbone 14, alors que les matériaux dérivés du pétrole n’en contiennent pas. Selon la composition du produit testé, le résultat sera compris entre 0% et 100% biosourcé.
### Beta Analytic – Laboratoire d’analyses des produits naturels
Beta Analytic fournit des analyses de produits naturels selon la méthode du carbone 14 conformément à la norme ASTM D6866, en indiquant le pourcentage de substances naturelles par rapport au pourcentage de substances dérivées de la pétrochimie. Le laboratoire accrédité ISO / IEC 17025: 2017 communique les résultats dans un délai de 5 à 7 jours ouvrés. Un service prioritaire en 4 jours ouvrés ou moins est disponible.
Beta Analytic faisait partie du sous-comité de l’American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) qui a rédigé la norme ASTM D6866 en 2004. Pour les analyses de l’origine des produits naturels, les résultats selon l’ASTM D6866 sont reportés comme fraction du carbone organique total (COT).
---
### [ASTM D6866 Prüfung Natürlicher Produkte](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/naturlicher-produkte/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Die analytische und standardisierte Methode **ASTM D6866** wurde in den Vereinigten Staaten entwickelt und verwendet Kohlenstoff-14-Tests zur Bestimmung des biobasierten Gehalts von festem, flüssigem und gasförmigem Material. Dies zeigt genau den prozentualen Anteil von Material, das biobasierten Ursprungs ist, verglichen mit aus der Petrochemie stammenden künstlichen Stoffen. Der Test kann für Produkte wie Aromen, Duftstoffe, Lebensmittel, Getränke und Nahrungsergänzungsmittel verwendet werden.
ASTM D6866 unterscheidet nicht zwischen unterschiedlichen natürlichen Quellen, sondern nur, ob das Material aus Biomasse oder aus der Petrochemie stammt oder eine Kombination aus beiden ist.
[Angebot anfordern](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/astm-d6866-contact.html "Angebot anfordern")
## Erdöl-Derivate mittels ASTM D6866 erkennen
Mit der steigenden Nachfrage nach Naturprodukten, besteht auch ein Anreiz für ökonomisch motivierte Verfälschungen. Da natürliche Inhaltsstoffe oft teurer und schwieriger herzustellen sind, ist der Ersatz durch petrochemische und syntetische Stoffe eine billigere und einfachere Methode. Für die Interessengruppen der Branche ist die Möglichkeit, ihre Produkte zu verifizieren, wenn diese in der Tat natürlich und unverfälscht sind entscheidend, da sogar eine versehentliche falsche Kennzeichnung sowohl rechtliche, als auch finanzielle Konsequenzen haben kann.
Durch die **Messung des Kohlenstoff-14-Gehalts** ist ASTM D6866 in der Lage, zwischen rezenten Kohlenstoffquellen, wie Biomasse aus Pflanzen (biobasierter Kohlenstoff) und Kohlenstoff aus Erdölderivaten zu unterscheiden. Biomasse hat ein bekanntes Kohlenstoff-14 Niveau, während aus Erdöl gewonnene Materialien keinen Kohlenstoff-14 mehr enthalten. Abhängig von der Zusammensetzung des getesteten Materials wird das berichtete Ergebnis zwischen 0% und 100% biobasiert liegen.
### Beta Analytic – Prüflabor für Natürliche Produkte
Beta Analytic bietet Kohlenstoff-14 Prüfungen für natürliche Produkte gemäß ASTM D6866 an, wobei der prozentuale Anteil von natürlichem gegenüber petrochemischem Material angegeben wird. Unser ISO / IEC 17025: 2017-akkreditiertes Labor berichtet die Ergebnisse in 5-7 Werktagen. Falls Ergebnisse innerhalb von 4 Werktagen (oder weniger) benötigt werden, bieten wir einen Priority-Service an.
Beta Analytic war Teil des Unterkomitees der American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), das 2004 die Norm ASTM D6866 verfasst hat. Für die Prüfung des natürlichen Ursprungs von Produkten, werden die ASTM D6866 Ergebnisse als Anteil des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs (TOC) angegeben.
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### [Análisis de productos naturales por el método ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/productos-naturales/astm-d6866.html)
**Published:** November 30, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
El método analítico estandarizado **ASTM D6866** fue desarrollado en Estados Unidos y utiliza el análisis de carbono-14 para determinar el contenido de base biológica de materiales sólidos, líquidos y gaseosos. El método muestra con precisión el porcentaje de un material que proviene de fuentes biológicas en comparación con aquél que se deriva de sintéticos de origen petroquímico. El análisis es aplicable a productos como sabores, aromas, alimentos, bebidas y suplementos.
El método ASTM D6866 no distingue las diferentes fuentes naturales; sólo determina si el material se deriva de biomasa o es de origen petroquímico; o si resulta de una combinación de ambas fuentes.
[Solicite un presupuesto](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/astm-d6866-contacto.html "Solicite un presupuesto")
## Identificación de los componentes sintéticos derivados del petróleo mediante el método ASTM D6866
A medida que la demanda de productos naturales aumenta, así también el incentivo de adulteración motivada por intereses económicos. Dado que los ingredientes naturales son generalmente más costosos y difíciles de producir, reemplazarlos con sintéticos derivados del petróleo ofrece una salida más barata y fácil. Para los sectores interesados de la industria, verificar si sus productos son verdaderamente naturales o adulterados es fundamental, toda vez que etiquetar incorrectamente un producto, aún si se realiza de manera involuntaria, puede tener repercusiones legales y financieras.
Al medir el **contenido de carbono-14**, el método ASTM D6866 puede distinguir entre las fuentes de carbono contemporáneas como la biomasa vegetal (carbono de base biológica) y el carbono derivado del petróleo. La biomasa tiene un nivel conocido de Carbono-14, mientras que los materiales derivados del petróleo carecen de éste. Dependiendo de la composición del material analizado, el resultado indicado en el informe será de entre 0% y 100% de contenido de base biológica.
### Laboratorio de análisis de productos naturales – Beta Analytic
Beta Analytic ofrece análisis de carbono-14 en productos naturales conforme a la norma ASTM D6866, determinando el porcentaje de materiales derivados de fuentes naturales con respecto al porcentaje de materiales de origen petroquímico. El laboratorio, acreditado por la norma ISO 17025:2017, entrega los resultados en el transcurso de 5 a 7 días laborables. Tenemos disponible un servicio prioritario con entrega de resultados en 4 días laborables o menos.
Beta Analytic fue parte del Subcomité de la Sociedad Estadounidense para Ensayos y Materiales (ASTM por sus siglas en inglés) que adoptó la norma ASTM D6866 en 2004. Los resultados del análisis de productos naturales conforme a la norma ASTM D6866 se expresan en el informe como fracción del carbono orgánico total (TOC por sus siglas en inglés).
---
### [바이오 기반 탄소 함량 측정의 이해](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/biomass.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- 바이오 기반 탄소 실험은 바이오 기반인지 아닌지 여부를 구별할 수 있다.
- 바이오 기반인지 아닌지 여부는 모든 탄소 함유 제품에 적용 가능하다.
- 제품의 바이오 기반 탄소 함량은 ASTM D6866에 따라 전체 유기 탄소 함량 (Total organic carbon TOC) 함량의 일부로 보고되며, 무게와는 상관이 없다.
- ISO 16620-2와 CEN 16640와 같은 표준 방법은 바이오 기반 탄소 함량을 전체 탄소 함량 (Total Carbon TC)의 일부로 보고되기도 한다.
**개념의 명확성을 위한 용어 정의:**
**바이오 기반 (BIOBASED)** – 바이오매스 원료의 전부 혹은 일부로 만들어진 물질 모두 바이오 기반이라 한다. 바이오매스 원료는 작물의 잔해, 나무의 잔해, 풀, 수초와 같이 재생 가능한 유기 물질을 말합니다. 옥수수 에탄올은 바이오매스 원료로 만들어진 대표적 바이오 기반 물질이다.
**바이오 기반 제품 (BIOBASED PRODUCT)** – 바이오 기반 물질이 일부분 들어있는 제품을 보통 바이오 기반 제품이라 한다. 이 용어는 일반적으로 탄소를 포함한 물질에만 적용된다.
**비-바이오 기반 제품 (NON-BIOBASED PRODUCT)** – 바이오 기반 물질이 전혀 들어있지 않은 상품을 비-바이오 기반 상품이라 한다. 이 용어는 탄소가 들어있는 물질에만 적용한다는 것을 기억해야 한다. 석유 화학 물질로만 만들어진 제품은 비-바이오 기반 제품이라 하며, 유리와 같은 상품은 탄소가 전혀 없기 때문에 비-바이오 매스 물질이라 하지 않는다.
**% 바이오 기반 탄소 함량** – ASTM D6866에 따라 전체 유기 탄소 함량 대비 바이오매스에서 온 탄소의 량을 측정한 (TOC에 대한 바이오 기반 탄소) 것을 말하며, EN 16640, ISO 16620-2와 같은 방식은 전체 탄소 (TC) 대비 바이오 기반 결과를 말해준다. 바이오 기반 탄소 함량 측정에는 모두 사용되고 있다.
## 바이오 기반 함량 측정
최근의 바이오 기반 제조 산업은 바이오 기반 물질과 석유 유래 물질을 섞은 상품들을 다량으로 제조하고 있다. “% 바이오 기반”이란 제품의 전체 탄소, 즉 바이오 기반 탄소와 석유 유래 물질의 탄소를 합한 것에서 바이오 기반 탄소의 함량을 측정한 것입니다. 예를 들어서 바이오 기반 함량이 75%란 말은 전체 탄소 중에서 바이오 기반 탄소가 75%이고 석유 유래 탄소가 25%란 것을 의미한다.
이렇게 바이오 기반 탄소 함량 측정 목적은 바이오매스에서 유래한 바이오 기반 제품의 바이오 기반 탄소가 얼마나 되는지 확인하는 것이다. 이 측정값은 기업의 입장에서 흔하면서 저렴한 석유 유래 물질 대신 얼마나 많이 바이오 기반 물질을 사용하여 제품을 만들었는지를 보여준다.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**권장 참고 자료:**
[Carbon 14 Analysis ](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/carbon14-dating.html "carbon dating concept")
[바이오플라스틱의 정의](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/bioplastics.html)
---
### [Entendendo a medição de conteúdo de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/biomassa.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- A análise de carbono de base biológica é capaz de apontar se um produto é ou não é de base biológica.
- Os termos “de base biológica” e “que não é de base biológica” se aplicam aos produtos que contêm carbono.
- O conteúdo de carbono de base biológica em um produto é relatado como fração do carbono orgânico total (TOC), e não como peso, segundo a norma ASTM D6866.
- O conteúdo de carbono de base biológica em um produto pode ser relatado como fração do conteúdo de carbono total (TC), segundo outros métodos de padronização, como o ISO 16620-2 e o CEN 16640.
A seguir, algumas definições para esclarecer os conceitos:
**DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Materiais que são derivados inteiramente ou parcialmente de recursos de biomassa são considerados de base biológica. Os recursos de biomassa são materiais orgânicos disponíveis de forma renovável ou recorrente, como resíduos de safras, resíduos de madeira, gramíneas, e plantas aquáticas. O etanol à base de milho é um exemplo bastante conhecido de um material de base biológica derivado de recursos de biomassa.
**PRODUTO DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Qualquer produto que contenha qualquer quantidade de materiais de base biológica é tecnicamente um produto de base biológica. O termo é normalmente aplicado apenas a materiais que contenham carbono.
**PRODUTO QUE NÃO É DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Qualquer produto que não contenha quaisquer materiais de base biológica é um produto que não é de base biológica, mas o termo é normalmente aplicado apenas a materiais que contenham carbono. Os produtos feitos inteiramente de recursos petroquímicos são conhecidos como produtos que não são de base biológica. Entretanto, vidro não é normalmente considerado um produto que não é de base biológica porque ele não contém carbono.
**PORCENTAGEM DO CONTEÚDO DE CARBONO DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – É uma medida da quantidade do carbono derivado de biomassa em um produto, em relação ao conteúdo total de carbono orgânico (carbono de base biológica relativo ao TOC), segundo a ASTM D6866. Outros métodos analíticos de padronização, como o EN 16640 e o ISO 16620-2, permitem que os resultados de base biológica sejam relatados como fração do conteúdo de carbono total (TC). Ambas formas são aceitas no que diz respeito à medição do conteúdo de base biológica.
---
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## Medições de conteúdo de base biológica
A crescente indústria de fabricação de produtos de base biológica está produzindo grandes quantidades de produtos que contêm misturas com materiais de base biológica e materiais derivados de petróleo. “Porcentagem de base biológica” é uma medida da quantidade de carbono de base biológica em um produto, relativa à soma do carbono de base biológica e do carbono à base de petróleo contida em um produto. Uma porcentagem de base biológica de 75% significa que de todo o carbono contido no produto, 75% é de base biológica e 25% é à base de petróleo.1
O propósito da medição de conteúdo de base biológica é determinar quanto do carbono presente em um produto de base biológica é derivado de biomassa. O valor representa uma medida de quanto material de base biológica está sendo usado na fabricação de dado produto, em relação às alternativas à base de petróleo, mais baratas e facilmente disponíveis.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Leituras recomendadas:**
[Análise por carbono 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/datacao-carbono14.html "Análise por carbono 14")
---
### [Comprendere l’analisi del carbonio biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/biomassa.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- L’analisi del carbonio biobased permette di distinguere i prodotti biobased da quelli non biobased
- I termini biobased e non biobased sono applicabili ai prodotti che contengono carbonio
- Secondo lo standard ASTM D6866, il contenuto di carbonio biobased di un prodotto è riportato come frazione del carbonio organico totale (TOC) e non come frazione del peso
- Il contenuto di carbonio biobased di un prodotto può essere riportato come frazione del carbonio totale (TC) secondo altri metodi standardizzati come ISO 16620-2 e CEN 16640.
Ecco alcune definizioni dei concetti più importanti:
**BIOBASED** – I materiali derivati completamente o in parte da biomassa sono definiti biobased. La biomassa comprende i materiali organici rinnovabili come i residui colturali, i residui di legno, l’erba e le piante acquatiche. L’etanolo da mais è un ottimo esempio di materiale biobased derivato da biomassa.
**PRODOTTO BIOBASED** – Qualsiasi prodotto che contenga materiale biobased è tecnicamente un prodotto biobased. Questo termine si applica normalmente solo ai materiali contenenti carbonio.
**PRODOTTO NON BIOBASED** – Qualsiasi prodotto che non contiene materiale biobased è un prodotto non biobased, ma questo termine si applica normalmente solo ai materiali contenenti carbonio. I prodotti derivati completamente da fonti petrolchimiche sono chiamati prodotti non biobased. Il vetro, tuttavia, non viene generalmente chiamato non biobased perché non contiene carbonio.
**PERCENTUALE DI CARBONIO BIOBASED** – Questa è una misura della quantità di carbonio derivato da biomassa presente in un prodotto in rapporto al carbonio organico totale presente (carbonio biobased su TOC) secondo ASTM D6866. Altri metodi analitici standard come EN 16640 e ISO 16620-2 permettono che i risultati biobased siano riportati come frazione del carbonio totale (TC). Entrambi i metodi sono diventati accettabili per la misurazione del carbonio biobased.
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## Analisi del contenuto biobased
L’industria emergente del biobased sta producendo una grande quantità di prodotti che contengono sia materiali biobased sia materiali di origine petrolchimica. La “percentuale biobased” è una misura della quantità di carbonio biobased in un prodotto in rapporto alla somma di carbonio biobased e carbonio derivato dal petrolio presente nel prodotto. Una percentuale biobased del 75% indica che, di tutto il carbonio presente nel prodotto, il 75% è biobased e il 25% deriva dal petrolio.1
Lo scopo della misurazione del contenuto biobased è determinare quale quantità di carbonio presente in un prodotto biobased deriva da biomassa. Il valore rappresenta una misura di quanto materiale biobased un’azienda sta utilizzando per produrre i suoi prodotti, in rapporto alle più diffuse ed economiche alternative derivate dal petrolio.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Letture consigliate:**
[Analisi al carbonio-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/datazione-al-carbonio-14.html "Analisi al carbonio-14")
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### [Comprendre la mesure du carbone biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/biomasse.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Le test de carbone biosourcé permet de distinguer les produits biosourcés des non-biosourcés.
- Les termes biosourcé et non-biosourcé sont applicables aux produits contenant du carbone.
- Le contenu en carbone biosourcé d’un produit est reporté comme fraction du contenu en carbone organique total (COT) et non pas en fonction de son poids, selon l’ASTM D6866.
- Le contenu en carbone biosourcé d’un produit peut être reporté comme fraction du contenu en carbone total (CT) selon d’autres méthodes normalisées comme l’ISO 16620-2 et le CEN 16640.
Voici quelques définitions pour clarifier les concepts :
**BIOSOURCE** – Les matériaux dérivés en totalité ou en partie de ressources issues de la biomasse sont biosourcés. Les ressources issues de la biomasse sont des matériaux organiques disponibles de façon renouvelable ou sur une base récurrente comme les résidus de récolte, les résidus de bois, l’herbe et les plantes aquatiques. L’éthanol issu du maïs est un exemple bien connu d’un matériau biosourcé dérivé de ressources issues de la biomasse.
**PRODUIT BIOSOURCE** – Tout produit dont la composition comporte un matériau biosourcé est techniquement un produit biosourcé. Le terme est généralement appliqué uniquement aux matériaux contenant du carbone.
**PRODUIT NON-BIOSOURCE** – Tout produit dont la composition ne comporte aucun matériau biosourcé est un produit non-biosourcé, mais le terme est généralement appliqué uniquement aux matériaux contenant du carbone. Les produits fabriqués entièrement à partir de ressources pétrochimiques sont catégorisés comme produits non-biosourcés. Cependant, le verre n’est généralement pas catégorisé comme non-biosourcé car il ne contient pas de carbone.
**POURCENTAGE DE CONTENU EN CARBONE BIOSOURCE** – C’est la mesure de la quantité de carbone dérivé de biomasse dans un produit comparé à son contenu total en carbone organique (carbone biosourcé en fonction du COT) selon l’ASTM D6866. D’autres méthodes analytiques normalisées comme l’EN 16640 et l’ISO 16620-2 permettent de reporter le résultat biosourcé comme fraction du carbone total (CT). Les deux sont devenus des moyens acceptables de mesurer le contenu en carbone biosourcé.
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## Mesures de contenu biosourcé
L’industrie manufacturière biosourcée émergente produit de larges quantités de produits contenant des mélanges de matériaux biosourcés et de matériaux dérivés du pétrole. Le ”pourcentage biosourcé” est la mesure de la quantité de carbone biosourcé dans un produit comparé à la somme des carbones biosourcés et issus de pétrole dans le produit. Un pourcentage biosourcé de 75% signifie que sur tout le carbone présent dans le produit, 75% est biosourcé, et 25% est issu du pétrole. 1
L’intérêt de la mesure du contenu biosourcé est de déterminer la quantité de carbone dérivé de la biomasse dans un produit biosourcé. Cette valeur représente la mesure de la quantité de matériaux biosourcés que l’entreprise utilise pour produire ces produits par rapport aux alternatives à base de pétrole plus disponibles et moins chères.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Lectures suggérées:**
[Analyses au carbone 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/datation-carbone14.html "Analyses au carbone 14")
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### [Comprendiendo las mediciones del contenido de carbono de base biológica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/biomasa.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- El análisis de carbono de origen biológico puede distinguir productos de origen biológico de los que no lo son.
- Los términos “de base biológica” y “que no es de base biológica” son aplicables a productos que contienen carbono.
- El contenido de carbono de base biológica de un producto se reporta como fracción del contenido de carbono orgánico total (TOC) y no con relación a su peso, de conformidad con el estándar ASTM D6866.
- El contenido de carbono de base biológica puede reportarse como fracción del contenido de carbono total (TC), de acuerdo con otros métodos estandarizados como las normas ISO 16620-2 y CEN 16640.
A continuación encontrará algunas definiciones que permiten clarificar los conceptos:
**DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Los materiales que se derivan por completo o parcialmente de recursos de biomasa son de base biológica. Los recursos de biomasa son materiales orgánicos disponibles en forma renovable o recurrente como los residuos de cultivos, residuos de madera, pastos y plantas acuáticas. El etanol de maíz es un ejemplo muy conocido de un material de base biológica derivado de recursos de biomasa.
**PRODUCTO DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Cualquier producto que contiene alguna cantidad de material de base biológica es técnicamente un producto de base biológica. El término se aplica usualmente solo a materiales que contienen carbono.
**PRODUCTO QUE NO ES DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Cualquier producto que no contiene algún material de base biológica es un producto que no es de base biológica, aunque el término se aplica comúnmente solamente a materiales que contienen carbono. Los materiales elaborados completamente a partir de recursos petroquímicos se catalogan como productos que no son de base biológica. El vidrio, sin embargo, generalmente no es catalogado como material que no es de base biológica ya que no contiene carbono.
**CONTENIDO DE PORCENTAJE DE CARBONO DE BASE BIOLÓGICA** – Es una medida de la cantidad de carbono derivado de biomasa de un producto con relación a su contenido de carbono orgánico total (carbono de base biológica con respecto al TOC), de acuerdo con la norma ASTM D6866. Otros métodos analíticos como los estándares EN 16640 e ISO 16620-2 permiten que los resultados del análisis de origen biológico sean reportados como fracción del carbono total (TC). Ambos modelos son aceptables para medir el contenido de carbono de base biológica.
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## Mediciones del contenido de base biológica
La emergente industria de productos de base biológica está produciendo grandes cantidades de productos que contienen mezclas de materiales de origen biológico y derivados del petróleo. El “porcentaje de base biológica” mide la cantidad de carbono de base biológica en el producto con relación a la suma del carbono de base biológica y derivado del petróleo en el producto. Un valor de contenido de base biológica del 75% indicaría que, de todo el carbono presente en el producto, 75% es de origen biológico y 25% derivado del petróleo.1
La finalidad de la medición del contenido de base biológica es determinar qué tanta cantidad del carbono de un producto de base biológica se deriva de biomasa. El valor representa una medida de la cantidad de material de base biológica que una empresa está utilizando para elaborar sus productos con respecto a las alternativas derivadas del petróleo más fácilmente disponibles y menos costosas.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Lecturas sugeridas:**
[Análisis de Carbono 14](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/datacion-carbono14.html "Análisis de Carbono 14")
---
### [Messungen des biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalts verstehen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/biomasse.html)
**Published:** November 18, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Mittels der Messung des biobasierten Kohlenstoffs, ist es möglich biobasierte von nicht biobasierten Produkten zu unterscheiden
- Der Begriff biobasiert wird für Produkte verwendet, die Kohlenstoff enthalten
- Der biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Anteil eines Produkts wird, gemäß ASTM D6866, unabhängig vom Gewicht, als Fraktion des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs (TOC) berichtet
- Der biobasierte Kohlenstoff-Anteil eines Produkts kann gemäß anderer Normen wie ISO 16620-2 und CEN 16640 als Fraktion des Gesamtkohlenstoffs (TC) berichtet werden
Im folgenden einige Definitionen, die Einblicke in das Konzept geben:
**BIOBASIERT** – Materialien, die gänzlich oder teilweise aus Biomasseressourcen stammen, bezeichnet man als biobasiert (biobased).Biomasseressourcen beschreiben organische Materialien, die erneuerbar sind oder auf wiederkehrender Basis zur Verfügung stehen, z.B. Ernte-, Holzrückstände, Gräser und Wasserpflanzen. Mais-Ethanol ist ein bekanntes Beispiel für ein biobasiertes Material aus Biomasseressourcen.
**BIOBASIERTES PRODUKT** – Jedwedes Produkt, das einen Anteil an biobasiertem Material aufweist, ist technisch ein biobasiertes Produkt. Der Begriff wird üblicherweise für Materialien verwendet, die Kohlenstoff enthalten.
**NICHT-BIOBASIERTES PRODUKT** – Jedwedes Produkt, das kein biobasiertes Material enthält ist ein nicht-biobasiertes Produkt, der Begriff wird allerdings üblicherweise nur für Materialien verwendet, die Kohlenstoff enthalten. Gänzlich aus petrochemischen Ausgangsstoffen hergestellte Produkte werden als nicht-biobasiertes Produkt bezeichnet. Glas wird nicht als nicht-biobasiertes Produkt bezeichnet, da es keinen Kohlenstoff enthält.
**PROZENT BIOBASIERTER KOHLENSTOFF-ANTEIL** – Bezeichnet laut ASTM D6866, die Messung des Anteils des Kohlenstoffs aus Biomasse in einem Produkt, im Vergleich mit dem Anteil des gesamten organischen Kohlenstoffs (biobasierter Kohlenstoff zu TOC). Andere Analyse-Normen wie EN 16640 und ISO 16620-2 ermöglichen, dass Ergebnisse als Fraktion des Gesamtkohlenstoffs (TC) berichtet werden. Beide Methoden stellen akzeptable Möglichkeiten dar, um den biobasierten Kohlenstoffgehalt messen zu können.
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Haftungsausschluss: Dieses Video wird auf der Website Dritter bereit gestellt und kann Werbung enthalten.
## Messung des biobasierten Anteils
Die aufstrebende biobasierte Herstellerindustrie produziert große Produktmengen, die eine Mischung aus biobasierten und erdölbasierten Materialien enthalten. “Prozent biobasiert” stellt eine Messung der Menge an biobasiertem Kohlenstoff in einem Produkt dar. Es wird der Anteil von biobasiertem Kohlenstoff mit dem Anteil an erdölbasiertem Kohlenstoff verglichen. Ein Wert von 75% biobasiert bedeutet, dass 75% des in dem Produkt enthaltenen Kohlenstoffs biobasiert ist und 25% erdölbasierend.1
Der Zweck der Messung des biobasierten Anteils ist, festzustellen, wie viel Kohlenstoff in einem biobasierten Produkt aus Biomasse stammt. Der Wert belegt wie viel biobasiertes Material eine Firma in der Produktion verwendet, im Vergleich zu der Verwendung von leichter verfügbaren und kostengünstigeren Materialien auf Erdölbasis.
1\. Schonhofer, Franze. [14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Schonhofer.pdf "14C in Austrian Wine and Vinegar (PDF)"). RADIOCARBON, VOL. 34, No. 3, 1992, P. 768-7711.
**Weiterlesen:**
[Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/kohlenstoff14-datierung.html "Kohlenstoff-14 Analyse")
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### [Perché testare il bioetanolo?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/verifica-bioetanolo.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
L’etanolo si ottiene facilmente attraverso l’idrolisi dell’etilene, un importante prodotto dell’industria petrolchimica. Due milioni di tonnellate di etanolo derivato dal petrolio vengono prodotte ogni anno. I principali fornitori di etanolo si trovano in Sudafrica e Arabia Saudita, ma esistono grandi impianti anche negli Stati Uniti, in Europa e in Giappone. L’etanolo sintetico (derivato dal petrolio) è ampiamente utilizzato come solvente industriale e ha numerose altre applicazioni.
Identificare l’origine dell’etanolo ha quattro scopi fondamentali:
1. Protegge gli interessi dei produttori di biomassa e degli investitori che investono nella produzione del bioetanolo.
2. Fornisce uno strumento per garantire che l’etanolo di importazione, etichettato come bioetanolo, sia indicato in modo corretto e onesto.
3. Scoraggia inoltre l’etichettatura fraudolenta, o altrimenti disonesta, dell’etanolo come bioetanolo, mirata ad ottenere detrazioni fiscali.
4. Fornisce un numero di riferimento univoco (utilizzando [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")) che può essere inserito nei requisiti contabili associati alle detrazioni fiscali, alla distribuzione, all’uso e al consumo del bioetanolo.
Le detrazioni fiscali per l’etanolo nella benzina (Energy Policy Act del 2005, H.R.6) sono riservate al bioetanolo e non all’etanolo derivato dal petrolio. La concessione di queste detrazioni fiscali richiederà che l’etanolo sia certificato come proveniente da fonti rinnovabili. Il test scientifico riconosciuto è il metodo ASTM D6866-05, che rende possibile distinguere inequivocabilmente e quantitativamente tra i materiali derivati da combustibili fossili, come il petrolio, e quelli derivati da biomassa moderna.
## ASTM D6866 per l’analisi del bioetanolo
ASTM D6866 protegge gli interessi dei produttori di biomassa e degli investitori che investono nella produzione del bioetanolo. Questo metodo è utilizzato regolarmente dallo USDA per l’identificazione dei prodotti biobased e viene applicato, senza alcuna modifica, anche per l’identificazione e la quantificazione del bioetanolo.
Le importanti detrazioni fiscali per il bioetanolo nella benzina costituiranno una tentazione per individui senza scrupoli, che potrebbero richiederle per l’etanolo sintetico. Si prevede che il problema più frequente sarà la diluizione del bioetanolo con etanolo sintetico. ASTM D6866 è una tecnica quantitativa che può segnalare qualsiasi diluizione significativa.
ASTM D6866 proteggerà l’industria del bioetanolo scoraggiando questo comportamento. Una certificazione ASTM D6866 dovrebbe essere un requisito obbligatorio per ogni lotto di bioetanolo per cui viene richiesta la detrazione dalle tasse.
ASTM D6866 sfrutta la stessa tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio. La biomassa contiene carbonio-14, mentre i materiali fossili non contengono più traccia di questo isotopo debolmente radioattivo. Misurare la concentrazione di carbonio-14 in un campione di etanolo indicherà se questo è stato prodotto a partire da fonti rinnovabili o fossili. Si prevede che, in alcuni casi, evidenzierà la presenza di bioetanolo e materiali fossili in miscela.
Nei campioni contenenti entrambi i tipi di etanolo, ASTM D6866 determinerà quantitativamente la percentuale di bioetanolo, in modo che possano essere applicate le detrazioni fiscali appropriate. Allo stesso modo, ASTM D6866 potrebbe essere utilizzato per i lotti di benzina contenenti quantità variabili di bioetanolo. Il test indicherebbe la quantità di materiale rinnovabile sul totale del liquido. Tuttavia, è necessario assicurarsi che la benzina sia ben miscelata in modo che un campione molto piccolo sia rappresentativo dell’intera cisterna. Questo è un accorgimento importante per tutte le analisi di materiali in lotti di quantità elevata.
L’analisi ASTM D6866 misura non solo il carbonio-14 presente nei campioni di etanolo, ma anche il loro carbonio-13, un isotopo più stabile. La misurazione del carbonio-13 è parte integrante della datazione al radiocarbonio. In alcuni casi, è anche un modo di verificare la fonte della biomassa utilizzata per la produzione dell’etanolo. Il carbonio-13 da solo, tuttavia, non può distinguere con precisione il contenuto rinnovabile di una miscela da quello fossile.
Anche se il petrolio e il mais, ad esempio, presentano concentrazioni di carbonio-13 differenti, il carbonio-13 di altri materiali naturali ha valori variabili. Alcuni materiali adatti alla produzione di bioetanolo – come la barbabietola da zucchero, la patata dolce, l’uva e altri frutti – presentano valori di carbonio-13 spesso indistinguibili da quello del petrolio. Per questo motivo, l’analisi del carbonio-13 potrebbe restituire risultati ambigui se il bioetanolo fosse diluito con il dieci o il venti percento di etanolo sintetico. La datazione al radiocarbonio, al contrario, evidenzierebbe chiaramente questa diluizione.
Per i dettagli sulla procedura della datazione al radiocarbonio, consultare [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "Misurare il carbonio biogenico dei combustibili con ASTM D6866").
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### [Etanolo sintetico: tendenze globali e fornitura](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/etanolo-sintetico.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Tendenze globali per l’etanolo sintetico e il bioetanolo – Fusioni tra i produttori*
Il produttore mondiale di etanolo Tereos Group ha acquisito SODES, un produttore di etanolo sintetico, attraverso la sua sussidiaria Bio-ethanol Nord Picardie. L’impianto per la produzione di etanolo sintetico utilizza l’etilene, un sottoprodotto del petrolio, per produrre etanolo. L’azienda ha in programma di espandere questo impianto per produrre bioetanolo, chimicamente e fisicamente indistinguibile dall’etanolo sintetico prodotto nello stesso impianto.
NCP Alcohols, il maggior produttore di etanolo in Africa (67% di tutta la produzione esportata), ha acquistato AlcoGroup, che produce etanolo sintetico e alcool fermentati ad uso industriale e come carburanti. AlcoGroup era un partecipante attivo del mercato globale dell’etanolo.
L’azienda chimica globale INEOS Enterprises (il maggior produttore al mondo di etanolo sintetico) ha iniziato la costruzione di un nuovo impianto per biocombustibili nel Regno Unito. Questo impianto sarà costruito sul sito di INEOS Refining che produce 300.000 tonnellate di etanolo sintetico a partire dall’etilene.
## Cosa significa?
Il mercato dei biocombustibili non richiede un prodotto ad alta purezza, rispetto a diversi mercati tradizionali. Questo significa che, per un produttore che serve sia l’industria dei carburanti sia quella tradizionale, il mercato dei combustibili offre uno sbocco per l’etanolo sintetico, che non soddisferebbe i requisiti tecnici per le applicazioni tradizionali diverse dai carburanti. Questo comporta un risparmio sulla rilavorazione dell’etanolo sintetico per il mercato dei combustibili.
## Efficacia e uso dell’etanolo sintetico come combustibile
L’effetto dell’etanolo sintetico sul fattore di risposta degli ottani e sulle prestazioni delle miscele di carburanti è stato comparato a quello dell’etanolo fermentato al 99,9% di purezza, proveniente dalla California. L’etanolo sintetico prodotto a partire dal carbone è risultato molto simile al bio-etanolo ed è perciò una buona alternativa all’alcool fermentato utilizzato in altre parti del mondo.1
L’etanolo sintetico derivato dal carbone è attualmente usato in Sudafrica al 12% nelle miscele con benzina.
L’attuale tendenza globale delle nazioni che consumano etanolo, come il Brasile e il Sudafrica, è di utilizzare l’etanolo sintetico come risorsa per i periodi di crescita rapida o di calo della produzione domestica. Il Brasile, con il suo mercato dell’etanolo ben sviluppato, ha importato apertamente etanolo sintetico come combustibile fino al momento della ripresa della fornitura tradizionale, avvenuta pochi anni fa.
## Fornitura dell’etanolo sintetico
L’etanolo sintetico viene sintetizzato facilmente a partire da gas naturale, carbone e etilene, un sottoprodotto del petrolio. Il costo dell’etanolo sintetico derivato dal carbone è la metà di quello dell’etanolo derivato dalla canna da zucchero (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 Sudafrica).
La produzione dell’etanolo dall’etilene di petrolio è un processo semplice costituito da una sola fase. Il marcato incremento del prezzo dell’etanolo (4 dollari per un gallone nel 2006) ha probabilmente incoraggiato i produttori di prodotti petrolchimici a convertire l’etilene ad altri usi, principalmente abbandonando le plastiche a basso costo per concentrarsi sull’etanolo, di valore più elevato.
La società saudita SABIC esporta esclusivamente etanolo sintetico prodotto a partire dall’etilene. Tra il 1999 e il 2003, l’azienda era il maggiore esportatore di etanolo verso gli Stati Uniti.
Secondo la United States International Trade Commission, le importazioni CBI (Caribbean Basin Initiative), che non hanno tariffe aggiuntive e ricevono incentivi statali, rappresentavano nel 2005 più della metà di tutte le importazioni di bioetanolo. Il contenuto di etanolo sintetico di questo etanolo non è stato testato.
Alcuni paesi che si sono dimostrati sensibili a questo problema sono:
- Nuova Zelanda
- Paesi Bassi
- Regno Unito
- Australia
- Sudafrica
- Unione Europea
Il Senato degli USA ha approvato una legge sull’energia che include una disposizione (RFS) che renderebbe obbligatorio l’uso del bioetanolo nella benzina fino a 19 miliardi di litri entro il 2012. La Joint Committee on Taxation ha stimato che questa disposizione costerà ai contribuenti 5 miliardi di dollari durante i prossimi dieci anni. È necessario un corretto monitoraggio per verificare che il pilastro di questa normativa (le disposizioni riguardanti il bioetanolo) non venga ignorato, in particolare attraverso l’uso di etanolo di importazione.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, November 2002.
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### [Distinguere il bioetanolo dall'etanolo di petrolio](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/etanolo-petrolio.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Dott. Murry Tamers, fondatore e Presidente di Beta Analytic*
*Articolo estratto dall’Ethanol Producer Magazine pubblicato il 1 giugno 2006.*
Una grande parte dell’etanolo prodotto nel mondo deriva dal petrolio. L’etanolo si ottiene facilmente attraverso l’idrolisi dell’etilene, un importante prodotto dell’industria petrolchimica. Ogni anno, vengono prodotte due milioni di tonnellate di etanolo derivato dal petrolio. I principali fornitori si trovano in Sudafrica e Arabia Saudita, ma esistono grandi impianti anche negli Stati Uniti, in Europa e in Giappone. L’etanolo sintetico (derivato dal petrolio) è ampiamente utilizzato come solvente industriale e ha numerose altre applicazioni.
Le nuove detrazioni fiscali per l’etanolo nella benzina (Energy Policy Act del 2005, H.R. 6) si applicano al “bioetanolo” o all’”etanolo rinnovabile” e non all’etanolo derivato dal petrolio. La concessione di queste detrazioni fiscali richiederà che l’etanolo sia certificato come proveniente da fonti rinnovabili. Il test scientifico riconosciuto è [il metodo ASTM D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "ASTM method D6866-05"). Questa analisi rende possibile distinguere quantitativamente, in modo inequivocabile, tra i materiali derivati da combustibili fossili, come il petrolio, e quelli derivati da biomassa moderna. ASTM D6866-05 protegge gli interessi dei produttori di biomassa e degli investitori che investono nella produzione del bioetanolo. È infatti di estrema importanza per il successo dell’industria nazionale del bioetanolo.
Il bioetanolo e l’etanolo sintetico sono chimicamente indistinguibili – sono infatti lo stesso composto di formula C2H5OH. L’unica differenza tra le due sostanze è la composizione isotopica degli atomi di carbonio. L’etanolo sintetico deriva da materie prime fossili, mentre il bioetanolo deriva da materiali contemporanei. Il metodo ASTM D6866-05 applica una procedura utilizzata per studiare i fossili: si tratta della tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio, conosciuta per il suo utilizzo in archeologia e in altri ambiti di ricerca. La datazione al radiocarbonio misura la quantità di un isotopo naturale, il carbonio-14, presente nei campioni studiati e la mette a confronto con quella presente nei materiali contemporanei.
ASTM D6866-05 sfrutta la stessa tecnica della datazione al radiocarbonio. La biomassa consiste di materiali contemporanei che contengono carbonio-14, mentre i materiali fossili non contengono questo isotopo, che è decaduto completamente con il passare del tempo. Misurare la concentrazione di carbonio-14 in un campione di etanolo indicherà se questo è stato prodotto a partire da fonti rinnovabili o fossili. In alcuni casi, evidenzierà la presenza di bioetanolo e materiali fossili in miscela. ASTM D6866-05 determina, in questi casi, la percentuale di bioetanolo, in modo che possano essere applicate le detrazioni fiscali appropriate. Allo stesso modo, ASTM D6866-05 potrebbe essere utilizzato per i lotti di benzina contenenti quantità variabili di bioetanolo. Il test indicherebbe la quantità di materiale rinnovabile sul totale del liquido. Tuttavia, è necessario assicurarsi che la benzina sia ben miscelata in modo che il piccolo campione prelevato sia rappresentativo dell’intera cisterna. Questo è un accorgimento importante per tutte le analisi di materiali di quantità elevata.
La datazione al radiocarbonio, sviluppata nel 1947, fa affidamento sulla produzione continua di un isotopo radioattivo, il carbonio-14 o radiocarbonio, da parte dei raggi cosmici nell’alta atmosfera. Questo isotopo si combina con l’ossigeno per formare anidride carbonica, che raggiunge la biosfera. Viene quindi assorbita dalle piante, che vengono poi mangiate dagli animali. Il carbonio-14 scompare continuamente per decadimento radioattivo, ma l’equilibrio viene ristabilito dalla continua produzione di questo isotopo ad opera dei raggi cosmici.
Tutti gli esseri viventi, piante e animali, presentano la stessa concentrazione di carbonio-14. Tuttavia, quando la pianta o l’animale muore, il loro carbonio-14 non viene più sostituito dall’atmosfera. La quantità di questo isotopo nei resti o nei fossili diminuisce gradualmente fino al punto in cui si esaurisce, dopo circa 50000 anni. Le procedure utilizzate nella datazione al radiocarbonio misurano in modo accurato il carbonio-14 presente in diversi materiali, da cui è poi possibile calcolare il momento della morte della pianta o dell’animale. Il sistema di datazione è uno strumento indispensabile per l’archeologia, così come per diversi ambiti della geologia e di altre scienze della terra.
La datazione al radiocarbonio è un ramo della chimica e della fisica nucleare. Poiché le quantità di carbonio-14 sono molto piccole, è necessario utilizzare le tecniche più sensibili per queste misurazioni. Ci sono due procedure attualmente in uso: la datazione radiometrica e la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore. L’analisi radiometrica misura la radiazione prodotta dalla disintegrazione del carbonio-14; la spettrometria di massa con acceleratore misura la concentrazione di carbonio-14 in modo diretto.
Per entrambe le tecniche, il pretrattamento dei campioni può essere molto importante. La procedura di pretrattamento può variare a seconda del tipo di materiale da analizzare. I passaggi consistono in vari trattamenti fisici e chimici atti ad eliminare i materiali estranei. I trattamenti successivi sono diversi per le due tecniche, ma entrambe prevedono operazioni in condizioni di alto vuoto.
Per le misurazioni radiometriche, i campioni vengono bruciati in un sistema a vuoto specializzato per produrre anidride carbonica, che viene poi combinata con litio fuso per produrre carburo di litio. Dopo il raffreddamento, il carburo di litio viene fatto reagire con acqua per produrre acetilene. Questo gas viene quindi purificato e infine convertito in benzene in presenza di un catalizzatore silicoalluminato. Tutte queste procedure vengono effettuate in un sistema a vuoto in vetro. Il benzene, che è formato al 90% da carbonio, viene miscelato con sostanze chimiche scintillanti e posizionato in un contatore a scintillazione liquida per la misurazione delle radiazioni. In media, il campione resta in un contatore per due giorni, in modo da accumulare misurazioni sufficienti a fornire dati statistici affidabili. Anche i campioni moderni e di riferimento sono misurati negli stessi contatori.
I campioni destinati alla spettrometria di massa con acceleratore vengono bruciati per essere convertiti in anidride carbonica, che viene poi purificata. L’anidride carbonica viene fatta reagire con idrogeno per formare grafite, all’interno di una linea del vuoto in vetro specializzata. La grafite, composta al 100% da carbonio, viene inserita in un supporto in alluminio e posizionata nell’acceleratore di particelle per la misurazione. L’analisi richiede circa 30 minuti. Come nella tecnica radiometrica, i campioni moderni e di sfondo sono misurati allo stesso modo.
Inoltre, per tutti i campioni viene analizzato l’isotopo stabile carbonio-13. Questo è essenziale per la correzione dei valori di carbonio-14 misurati. La misurazione del carbonio-13 è parte integrante della datazione al radiocarbonio. In alcuni casi è un modo di verificare la fonte della biomassa utilizzata per la produzione dell’etanolo. Il carbonio-13 da solo non può distinguere con precisione il contenuto rinnovabile di una miscela da quello fossile. Anche se il petrolio e il mais, ad esempio, presentano concentrazioni di carbonio-13 differenti, il carbonio-13 di altri materiali naturali ha valori variabili. Alcuni materiali adatti alla produzione di bioetanolo – ad esempio la barbabietola da zucchero, la patata dolce, l’uva e altri frutti – presentano un contenuto di carbonio-13 spesso indistinguibile da quello del petrolio. Per questo motivo, l’analisi del carbonio-13 potrebbe restituire risultati ambigui se il bioetanolo fosse diluito con il 10 o il 20% di etanolo sintetico. La datazione al radiocarbonio, al contrario, evidenzierebbe chiaramente questa diluizione.
Per un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio è necessaria una grande quantità di sostanze chimiche e di strumentazione elettronica. La strumentazione di Beta Analytic Inc. include 53 contatori a scintillazione liquida, acceleratori di particelle con fonti ioniche, spettrometri di massa per il carbonio-13 con analizzatori elementari, 11 linee del vuoto per la sintesi del benzene, 12 linee del vuoto per la grafitizzazione, forni per il pretrattamento e la combustione e altri materiali.
Le importanti detrazioni fiscali per il bioetanolo nella benzina costituiranno una tentazione per individui senza scrupoli, che potrebbero richiederle per l’etanolo sintetico (di petrolio). Si prevede che il problema più frequente sarà la diluizione del bioetanolo con etanolo sintetico con la speranza che quest’ultimo non venga individuato. Tuttavia, ASTM D6866-05 è una tecnica quantitativa in grado di segnalare qualsiasi diluizione significativa. ASTM D6866-05 proteggerà l’industria biobased scoraggiando questo comportamento. Una certificazione ASTM D6866-05 dovrebbe essere un requisito obbligatorio per ogni lotto di bioetanolo per cui viene richiesta la detrazione dalle tasse.
## Aggiornamento di ASTM D6866
Dall’11 maggio 2012, ASTM D6866-12 è la versione attualmente attiva dello standard.
Beta Analytic non utilizza più i contatori a scintillazione liquida per l’analisi ASTM D6866.
*Ultimo aggiornamento: 7 gennaio 2015*
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### [Sostituti del diesel: biodiesel e diesel derivato da biomassa](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/diesel-derivato-dalla-biomassa.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biodiesel e diesel derivato da biomassa sono due diverse alternative al diesel
- La U.S. FTC ha fissato i requisiti per l’etichettatura di biodiesel e diesel derivato da biomassa
- Beta Analytic promuove l’uso dell’ASTM D6866 per verificare l’accuratezza delle miscele di biodiesel e di diesel derivato da biomassa
## Il biodiesel non è diesel derivato da biomassa
La U.S. Federal Trade Commission ha fornito una definizione di biodiesel e di diesel derivato da biomassa per chiarire le differenze tra i due. Secondo la FTC, il diesel derivato da biomassa è “un combustibile sostituto del diesel prodotto da risorse rinnovabili che rispetta i requisiti per la registrazione di combustibili ed additivi stabilita dalla Environmental Protection Agency secondo 42 U.S.C. 7545, e include i combustibili derivati da scarti animali, inclusi grassi e rifiuti da pollame, e da altri materiali di scarto, o da rifiuti solidi urbani, acque reflue e oli derivati dal trattamento delle acque, con l’esclusione del biodiesel”.
Secondo la definizione presente nel Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) della US EPA, ultimato nel febbraio 2010, il diesel derivato dalla biomassa è “un combustibile rinnovabile che ha emissioni di gas serra, nel suo ciclo di vita, inferiori di almeno il 50% rispetto alle emissioni di gas serra di un combustibile tradizionale” e soddisfa tutti i seguenti requisiti: (a) è un combustibile per il trasporto, un additivo per combustibili per il trasporto, gasolio per riscaldamento o un combustibile per jet; (b) corrisponde alla descrizione di biodiesel o di diesel rinnovabile non esterico; e (c) è registrato come combustibile per veicoli a motore o come additivo per combustibili secondo la 40 CFR parte 79, se il combustibile o additivo è destinato all’uso in un veicolo a motore. L’EPA chiarisce che un combustibile rinnovabile co-trattato con il petrolio non è diesel derivato da biomassa.
Il biodiesel, invece, contiene “esteri monoalchilici di acidi grassi a catena lunga derivati da materiali vegetali o animali che rispettano i requisiti per la registrazione dei combustibili e degli additivi per combustibili fissati dalla 40 CFR Part 79 e i requisiti dello standard ASTM D6751-07b (Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels)”.
Il biodiesel miscelato è una miscela di biodiesel e diesel a base di petrolio. Di conseguenza, una miscela di diesel derivato dalla biomassa contiene diesel derivato dalla biomassa e diesel tradizionale.
## I codici a colori della FTC per il biodiesel e il diesel derivato dalla biomassa
La FTC ha assegnato un’etichetta colorata blu ai sostituti del biodesel: blu per il biodiesel e arancione per il diesel derivato da biomassa. Il nome del combustibile si trova nella parte superiore dell’etichetta. L’esatta percentuale in cui è presente il sostituto del diesel è riportata al di sotto del nome.
Le miscele contenenti più del 5% di biodiesel o diesel derivato dalla biomassa devono essere etichettate sulla base di quanto prescritto dalla FTC. Le miscele che non raggiungono questa percentuale di biodiesel o diesel derivato da biomassa non sono dotate di etichette.
## Verificare l’accuratezza delle miscele di biodiesel o di diesel derivato dalla biomassa con l’ASTM D6866
La Beta Analytic Inc. di Miami, Florida, è un laboratorio di datazione al radiocarbonio certificato secondo lo standard ISO/IEC 17025:2017. L’azienda promuove l’uso dell’ASTM D6866 per verificare l’accuratezza delle miscele di biocombustibili.
L’ASTM D6866 può essere utilizzato per analizzare il contenuto rinnovabile di un combustibile. Attraverso questo metodo è possibile determinare facilmente la percentuale della miscela costituita da biodiesel o da diesel derivato da biomassa, misurando il carbonio-14 presente nei campioni. L’altra componente della miscela, il diesel di origine petrolchimica, non contiene carbonio-14. Di conseguenza, il carbonio-14 misurato attraverso l’ASTM D6866 può essere facilmente collegato alla percentuale di combu
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### [Biodiesel e biomiscele - Combustibili alternativi rinnovabili](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biomiscele-biodiesel.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Il biodiesel è un biocombustibile prodotto a partire da grassi animali, oli vegetali o grassi alimentari riciclati. Questo combustibile liquido biodegradabile è composto da alchil esteri degli acidi grassi, metil esteri degli acidi grassi o mono-alchil esteri a catena lunga. Le biomiscele sono miscele di biodiesel e diesel derivato dal petrolio.
Il biodiesel è considerato un buon sostituto del diesel derivato dal petrolio per l’uso nei motori ad accensione spontanea, perché, durante la combustione, emette meno gas pericolosi e zolfo. Il biodiesel è inoltre molto più sicuro della sua controparte fossile poiché è atossico e meno combustibile (punto di infiammabilità più alto). Nonostante il biodiesel contenga circa l’8% di energia in meno rispetto al diesel derivato dal petrolio, non è stata registrata alcuna differenza significativa nelle prestazioni o nel consumo di combustibile.
Il Dipartimento dell’Energia degli USA ha dichiarato che le scorte di olio di soia vergine, di grassi alimentari riciclati e di altre materie prime sono sufficienti a produrre circa 6,4 miliardi di litri di biodiesel ogni anno, seguendo una politica progettata per incoraggiare l’uso del biodiesel nel paese.
## Produzione del biodiesel
Il biodiesel viene prodotto attraverso un processo di esterificazione. In presenza di un catalizzatore, generalmente l’idrossido di sodio, i grassi e gli oli vengono miscelati con un alcool, solitamente il metanolo, per formare metil esteri degli acidi grassi. La glicerina è un sottoprodotto della produzione del biodiesel.
## Miscele di biodiesel
Negli USA, è legale miscelare il biodiesel con diesel derivato dal petrolio in qualsiasi percentuale. Il biodiesel B100 è biodiesel puro, il B20 contiene il 20% di biodiesel e l’80% di diesel fossile e il B5 contiene il 5% di biodiesel e il 95% di diesel fossile. La maggior parte degli utilizzatori di biodiesel sceglie il B20 perché non presenta i problemi di compatibilità con i materiali e di prestazioni a basse temperature del B100.
Le biomiscele emettono inoltre meno gas serra durante la combustione rispetto al diesel derivato dal petrolio. Secondo l’Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center del Dipartimento dell’Energia degli USA, utilizzare il B100 riduce le emissioni di CO2 di oltre il 75% rispetto al diesel derivato dal petrolio. Utilizzare il B20 riduce le emissioni di anidride carbonica del 15%.
## Normative e incentivi negli USA
Esistono diversi incentivi e normative relativi all’uso di biocombustibili e biomiscele a livello statale e federale. Nello stato di Washington ci sono 4 programmi di incentivi e 13 normative. La maggior parte degli stati offre esenzioni e deduzioni dalle tasse per incoraggiare l’uso dei biocombustibili. Il B100 e le miscele B20 o superiori hanno i requisiti per ottenere le detrazioni per i combustibili alternativi secondo l’Energy Policy Act del 1992.
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### [Biocombustibili per aviazione: il futuro dei combustibili per jet](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biocombustibili-jet.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
A causa dell’incremento dei prezzi del petrolio e delle problematiche ambientali, l’industria dell’aviazione sta ora prendendo in considerazione i biocombustibili come alternative al combustibile per jet derivato dal petrolio. I test di volo con biocombustibili sono già in corso, mentre l’industria cerca alternative economiche ed efficaci al cherosene, utilizzato finora come combustibile per jet.
## Analisi ASTM D6866 per le miscele di combustibili per jet
L’analisi ASTM D6866 viene effettuata sui biocombustibili per jet in fase di sviluppo. Questo metodo determina la percentuale esatta del combustibile derivata da fonti rinnovabili (piante), misurando la quantità di carbonio-14 presente. Qualsiasi materiale proveniente da biomassa contiene carbonio-14, mentre quelli derivati da fonti fossili non ne contengono. Perciò, ASTM D6866 può essere utilizzato come strumento di verifica dell’accuratezza delle miscele di biocombustibili. Ulteriori informazioni su ASTM D6866 sono disponibili [qui](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866").
## Estratti di piante ricchi di energia come biocombustibili
Numerosi estratti di piante sono attualmente in fase di test come combustibili per jet. Tra queste ci sono la soia, la colza, la camelina, la jatropha e le alghe. Bruciare combustibili derivati dagli estratti di queste piante non contribuirà al riscaldamento globale, perché il prodotto della loro combustione è anidride carbonica a impatto zero.
La soia e la colza, nonostante abbiano prodotto miscele di combustibili per jet promettenti, sono anche risorse alimentari e sono al centro di un dibattito che riguarda il loro utilizzo come cibo e come combustibile.
## Combustibili per jet da camelina, jatropha e alghe
La camelina è una pianta che può raggiungere il metro e venti di altezza e può essere coltivata su campi di grano lasciati incolti. Il combustibile a base di olio di camelina è già stato utilizzato da Japan Airlines per far volare un Boeing 747 per 90 minuti.
Un’altra materia prima è la jatropha, un arbusto velenoso che può raggiungere i 2,5 metri d’altezza su terreni che non potrebbero sostenere la crescita di colture alimentari. Come la jatropha, le alghe possono crescere in acque inquinate e perciò la loro coltivazione intensiva non costituirebbe un problema. Estrarre olio da queste due piante, tuttavia, è complesso.
Gli oli estratti dalla jatropha e dalle alghe sono stati miscelati con combustibile per jet normale al 50% e la miscela è stata utilizzata da un Boeing 737 di Continental Airlines per completare un test di volo di due ore da Houston – il primo volo commerciale negli USA ad utilizzare un biocombustibile. Japanese Airlines ha inoltre utilizzato una miscela di camelina, jatropha e alghe per un test di volo.
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### [Cosa sono i biocombustibili?](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biocombustibili.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- I biocombustibili sono carburanti derivati da fonti rinnovabili come le piante e gli animali
- I biocombustibili emettono CO2 carbon neutral durante la combustione
- Diversi tipi di biocombustibili sono attualmente in fase di sviluppo
I combustibili solidi, liquidi o gassosi prodotti a partire dalla biomassa sono chiamati biocombustibili. Sono rinnovabili e rappresentano una buona alternativa ai combustibili fossili. La maggior parte dei biocombustibili attualmente disponibili sul mercato deriva da fonti vegetali. Sono spesso utilizzati come carburanti per trasporto.
Alcune piante vengono coltivate specificatamente per la produzione di biocombustibile. Negli USA, il panico verga, la soia e il mais sono le principali fonti di biocombustibile. In Brasile viene utilizzata la canna da zucchero, mentre in Europa si sfruttano la barbabietola da zucchero e il grano. Altri prodotti agricoli che vengono trasformati in biocombustibile sono la manioca e il sorgo in Cina, il miscanto e l’olio di palma nel Sud Est asiatico e la jatropha in India.
Alcuni esempi di biocombustibili sono il biodiesel, i bioalcool (bioetanolo, biometanolo, biobutanolo), il biogas, il syngas e i biocombustibili solidi come il legno, il carbone e la segatura. Il Brasile, gli USA, la Francia, la Svezia e la Germania sono alcuni dei paesi che hanno incoraggiato fortemente lo sviluppo dei biocombustibili.
## Tipi di biocombustibili
I biocombustibili sono classificati in tre gruppi – prima generazione, seconda generazione e terza generazione.
I biocombustibili di prima generazione sono prodotti, con l’uso di tecnologie convenzionali, a partire da zuccheri, amidi, olio vegetale o grassi animali. Poiché queste materie prime sono anche risorse alimentari, il dibattito “cibo o combustibile” rappresenta il problema principale collegato ai biocombustibili di prima generazione.
La produzione di biocombustibili di prima generazione è limitata perché potrebbe avere un effetto negativo sulla disponibilità di cibo e sulla biodiversità. Per fare fronte alla crescente domanda di biocombustibili, sono stati sviluppati i biocombustibili di seconda generazione. Sono prodotti a partire da colture non edibili o da porzioni di piante edibili che non possono essere utilizzate come cibo e sono quindi scartate, come gli steli, i gusci, i trucioli di legno e le bucce.
Secondo gli esperti, i biocombustibili di seconda generazione permettono di ridurre maggiormente le emissioni di gas serra rispetto a quelli di prima generazione. La produzione dei biocombustibili di seconda generazione, tuttavia, è più complessa, poiché è necessario estrarre le materie prime utilizzabili dalla biomassa legnosa o fibrosa.
I biocombustibili di terza generazione sono prodotti a partire dalle alghe. La produzione di “oilgae”, o combustibile derivato da alghe, prevede la fermentazione dei carboidrati presenti nelle alghe.
I biocombustibili di seconda e terza generazione vengono chiamati anche biocombustibili avanzati. Un esempio di combustibile avanzato ancora in fase di sviluppo è il [diesel rinnovabile derivato da idrogenazione (Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel – HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/diesel-rinnovabile-hdrd.html "diesel rinnovabile derivato da idrogenazione (Hydrogenation-Derived Renewable Diesel - HDRD)"). L’HDRD è prodotto a partire da grassi animali od oli vegetali che vengono raffinati nelle raffinerie di petrolio. Questo combustibile può essere miscelato con il petrolio.
## Biocombustibili e CO2 carbon neutral
I biocombustibili sono buone alternative ai combustibili fossili perché, durante la combustione, producono [anidride carbonica carbon neutral](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbon neutral CO2 explained"). L’impronta di carbonio della CO2 carbon neutral, non influendo sulla concentrazione finale di carbonio nella biosfera, è pari a zero.
La biomassa, durante la combustione, rilascia anidride carbonica, che viene prontamente riassorbita dalle piante – ovvero la fonte della biomassa. Attraverso questo ciclo, le piante rimuovono il carbonio dall’atmosfera, rilasciandolo nuovamente quando vengono bruciate. Grazie a questo equilibrio, la biomassa è una materia prima a impatto zero.
Il Senato degli USA ha approvato una legge sull’energia contenente una disposizione (Renewable Fuel Standard) che ha imposto l’uso del bioetanolo nella benzina per un totale di 18 miliardi di litri entro il 2012. La Joint Committee on Taxation ha stimato che questa disposizione costerà ai contribuenti 5 miliardi di dollari durante i prossimi dieci anni. È necessario un corretto monitoraggio per verificare che il pilastro di questa normativa (le disposizioni riguardanti il bioetanolo) non venga ignorato, in particolare attraverso l’uso di etanolo di importazione.
## Normative e incentivi
Negli USA esistono diversi incentivi e normative relativi all’uso di biocombustibili a livello statale e federale. Solo nello stato di Washington ci sono 4 programmi di incentivi e 13 normative. Il B100 e le miscele di biodiesel B20 o superiori sono idonei ad essere utilizzati per ottenere detrazioni fiscali secondo l’Energy Policy Act del 1992. La maggior parte degli stati offre esenzioni e deduzioni dalle tasse per l’uso di biocombustibili.
Anche altri paesi, soprattutto europei, offrono incentivi simili per incoraggiare l’uso di prodotti derivati da biomassa come i biocombustibili.
**Letture consigliate:**
[Bioetanolo](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/bioetanolo.html)
[Biodiesel e biomiscele](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biomiscele-biodiesel.html)
[Combustibile per aviazione](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/biocombustibili-jet.html)
[Diesel rinnovabile (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/diesel-rinnovabile-hdrd.html)
[Diesel derivato da biomassa](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/diesel-derivato-dalla-biomassa.html)
[Etanolo sintetico](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/etanolo-sintetico.html)
[Bioetanolo ed etanolo fossile](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/etanolo-petrolio.html)
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### [EN 17228 – Terminologia, caratteristiche e comunicazione per polimeri e plastiche biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-17228.html)
**Published:** January 15, 2021
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
- EN 17228 è applicabile a polimeri e plastiche biobased, ad esclusione di quelli a uso medico.
- Fa riferimento agli standard [EN 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16640.html), [EN 16785-1](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/en-16785.html) e [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/iso-16620.html), norme di analisi che si basano sul metodo del carbonio-14.
- EN 17228 sostituisce CEN/TR 15932:2010, [CEN/TS 16137:2011](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16137.html), [CEN/TS 16295:2012](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/cen-16295.html) e CEN/TS 16398:2012.
Beta Analytic NON fornisce risultati conformi allo standard EN 17228:2019**. In quanto laboratorio di analisi del carbonio biobased, Beta fornisce referti conformi agli standard di analisi EN 16640 e ISO 16620-2, a cui fa riferimento la norma EN 17728.
NOTA: nel caso dell’analisi con EN 16640, i risultati sono sempre espressi sotto forma di % di carbonio biobased sul carbonio totale (TC). Per l’analisi con ISO 16620-2, selezionare l’opzione carbonio totale (TC) sul modulo online.
## **Cos’è EN 17228?**
Lo standard EN 17228 specifica la terminologia, i metodi per la caratterizzazione e i modelli per la refertazione relativi alle plastiche e ai polimeri biobased, inclusi i prodotti plastici semilavorati e i prodotti compositi. Questo standard non riguarda i polimeri e le plastiche biocompatibili a uso medico.
Oltre al contenuto di carbonio biobased, EN 17728 copre anche gli aspetti relativi all’analisi del ciclo di vita e alla sostenibilità.
EN 17228 (Plastics – Bio-based polymers, plastics, and plastics products – Terminology, characteristics and communication) è stato pubblicato per la prima volta a gennaio 2019.
### [I tuoi prodotti sono biobased? Provalo!](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased.html "I tuoi prodotti sono biobased")
Beta Analytic, un laboratorio accreditato ISO/IEC 17025:2017, non è affiliata con il CEN o con il CEN/TC 249, il comitato tecnico responsabile per EN 17728.
Ultimo aggiornamento: gennaio 2021*
---
### [ベータ・アナリティック社](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biobased/beta.html)
**Published:** September 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
ベータ・アナリティック社は1979年フロリダ州マイアミに設立されました。 迅速かつ精確な結果の提供をはじめとするお客様のご要望に応えるよう常に献身してきました。 特に、迅速な結果の提供は当時の考古学の発展に不可欠でした。 現在でも、ベータ・アナリティック社は放射性炭素年代測定によって文化財資源管理に大きく貢献しています。
2002年農業保障・農業投資法成立は、1979年の考古学資源保護法の成立と同様のインパクトをベータ・アナリティック社に与えました。 同法によって、政府はバイオマス濃度の最も高い製品の購入を義務付けられました。 バイオマス濃度とは、有機炭素中のバイオマス起源炭素の比と定義されたため、計算方法をわずかに修正するだけで、｢放射性炭素年代｣から｢バイオマス濃度｣への換算が可能なのです。 放射性炭素年代測定の豊富な経験と高い技術力によって、ベータ・アナリティック社では、新興のバイオマス製品製造業界へ信頼あるデータを迅速に提供できる体制がすでに整っていたのです。
2003年にはアメリカ農業省の管理のもと、アイオワ州立大学により、ベータ・アナリティック社をはじめとする多くの研究機関の調査が実施されました。 2004年6月までに、ベータ社は200検体以上のバイオマス製品の分析を、1～3週間以内に全ての試料の結果を提供するという条件下で行いました。 その結果、放射性炭素年代測定の技術はそのままバイオマス濃度測定に応用できること、およびベータ・アナリティック社が信頼性の高いバイオマス濃度データを迅速に提供可能な分析関であることが証明されました。
また2004年には、ベータ・アナリティック社はアメリカ材料試験協会(ASTM) の D20.96委員会に参加し、放射性炭素年代測定法を利用したバイオマス濃度分析のためのASTM標準試験の作成を支援しました。 この標準試験は2004年7月に [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html) として承認され、現在では温室効果ガス議定書で義務付けられた不均一燃料やCO2排出ガス中の生物起源（バイオマス）分画の確認に利用されています。 ASTM D6866は、カリフォルニア州AB 32や気候レジストリーの温室効果ガス議定書に採用されています。 ASTM D6866と同一の手法である は欧州連合域内排出量取引制度でゴミ固形燃料(RDF)のモニタリングに利用されます。
ベータ・アナリティック社は、各国の気候変動イニシアチブを支援しています。 また温室効果ガス議定書や再生利用可能エネルギープログラムの必要要件を満たすために使用される燃料やその他の物質を分析するための有効なツールとしてASTM D6866試験を提供させていただいています。お客様の要望を正確に把握し、それに迅速、的確にお応えするためには、常に効率的かつ信頼性の高い正確なデータを提供することができるよう最良の技術・設備を保持していることが必要不可欠です。 この要件を満たすべく努力をし続けてきた結果、世界30ヶ国以上で9000人以上の研究者、技術者の方々に有用な情報を提供させていただくことができました。
2008年、ベータ・アナリティック社はISO/IEC 17025:2017認証を取得しました（ISO17025認定機関Perry Johnson Laboratory Accreditationより認定）。 ISO17025認証は第三者機関が試験機関のデータの信頼性を保証するものです。 これからも 精確で信頼性の高いデータを迅速にお届けするよう最善の努力をしてまいる所存でございます。
今日ベータ・アナリティック社は、世界最大の放射線炭素年代測定研究所です。 正確性、信頼性、機密性への献身は、研究者の方々に培われた、信頼と信用に基づく当社の基盤です。
（参考文献）
1\. Graven, Heather D; Guilderson, Thomas P; Keeling, Ralph F. [Methods for High-Precision 14C AMS Measurement of Atmospheric CO2 at LLNL ](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/Graven.pdf). RADIOCARBON, Vol 49, Nr 2, 2007, p 349-356.
---
### [Diesel Ersatz: Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/biomassen-basierend-diesel.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse sind zwei verschieden Alternativen zu Diesel
- Kennzeichungsanforderungen für Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse wurden von der U.S. FTC festgelegt
- Beta Analytic bietet den Einsatz von ASTM D6866 zur Überprüfung der Genauigkeit von Gemischen aus Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse an.
## Biodiesel ist nicht gleich Diesel aus Biomasse
Die U.S. Federal Trade Commission (U.S. Bundeshandel Kommission) definierte Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse um die Unterschiede zu verdeutlichen. Laut FTC bedeutet Diesel aus Biomasse: Ein Dieseltreibstoffersatz, der aus nicht Erdöl erneuerbaren Rohstoffen hergestellt wird und den Zulassungsvoraussetzungen für Treibstoff und Kraftstoffzusätzen entspricht, welche von der Umweltschutzagentur unter 42 U.S.C. 7545 festgelegt wurde. Ebenso enthält es Treibstoff aus Tierabfällen welches Geflügelfett und Geflügelabfälle und andere Abfälle beinhaltet. Oder es enthält Treibstoffe aus kommunalen Abfällen und Klärschlamm und Öle, welche von Abwässern und Abwasserbehandlungen stammen, ausgenommen dass die Bezeichnung kein Biodiesel beinhaltet.
In dem U.S. EPA’s abgeänderten erneuerbaren Treibstoffstandard welcher im Februar 2010 fertiggestellt wurden, wird Diesel aus Biomasse wie folgt definiert: erneuerbarer Treibstoff welcher mindestens 50% weniger Lebenszyklustreibhausgasemissionen besitzt als die Messbasis von Lebenszyklustreibhausgasemissionen. Es entspricht folgenden Anforderungen: (a) es ist ein Transporttreibstoff, Transportkraftstoffzusatz, Heizöl oder Flugzeugtreibstoff; (b) es entspricht der Definition von entweder Biodiesel oder nicht Ester erneuerbarem Diesel; und (c) es ist als ein Kraftfahrzeugtreibstoff oder Kraftzusatzstoff unter dem 40 CFR Teil 79 registriert, falls der Treibstoff oder Kraftzusatzstoff den Gebrauch in einem Kraftfahrzeug vorsieht. Die EPA erklärt, dass ein erneuerbarer Treibstoff welcher mit Petroleum verarbeitet wird, keinem Diesel aus Biomasse entspricht.
Biodiesel bedeutet andererseits: „ Der Mono Alkyl Ester aus langkettigen Fettsäuren welche von Pflanzen oder Tiermassen stammen und den Zulassungsvoraussetzungen für Treibstoff und Kraftstoffzusätzen unter dem 40 CFR Teil 79 entspricht. Ebenso entspricht es den Anforderungen der amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Tests und Materialstandards D6751-07b (Standardvorgaben für Biodieseltreibstoffgemischbestand (B100) für mittel destillierte Treibstoffe)“
Ein Biodieselgemisch ist ein Mix aus Biodiesel und aus Petroleum bestehendem Dieseltreibstoff. Ähnlich besteht das Dieselgemisch aus Biomasse aus Diesel aus Biomasse und normalem Diesel.
## U.S. FTC Farbcodes für Biodiesel und Diesel aus Biomasse
Das FTC hat verschiedenfarbige Etiketten für die Dieselsubstitute bestimmt – blau für Biodiesel und orange für Diesel aus Biomasse. Der Name des Treibstoffes findet man auf dem oberen Teil des Etiketts. Der genaue prozentualer Anteil des Dieselsubstituts befindet sich unter dem Namen.
Gemische mit mehr als 5% Biodiesel oder Diesel aus Biomasse müssen wie verordnet von der FTC etikettiert werden. Gemische mit 5% oder weniger Prozentanteil an Biodiesel oder Diesel aus Biomasse müssen nicht gekennzeichnet werden.
## Überprüfung von Gemischen aus Biodiesel oder Diesel aus Biomasse auf Genauigkeit durch ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic, Inc., aus Miami, Florida, ist ein Radiokohlenstoff datiertes Labor und nach ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Standart akkreditiert. Das Unternehmen bietet den Einsatz von ASTM D6866 zur Überprüfung der Genauigkeit von Biodieselgemische.
ASTM D6866 kann zum testen des erneuerbaren Inhaltes von Treibstoff verwendet werden. Diese Methode beschreibt wie viel des Gemisches Biodiesel oder Diesel aus Biomasse ist, indem man den Kohlenstoff 14 Gehalt in der Probe misst. Der andere Teil des Gemisches, Diesel aus Petroleum, besitzt kein Kohlenstoff 14. Somit kann das Kohlenstoff 14, welches mit ASTM D6866 gemessen wird, leicht auf den Prozentgehalt des Treibstoffgemisches das von der Biomasse stammt zugeordnet werden.
---
### [Sustitutos del Diesel: Biodiesel y Diesel de Biomasa](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/diesel-de-biomasa.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- El biodiesel y el diesel de biomasa son dos alternativas al diesel común
- La CFC – Comisión Federal de Comercio (o “FTC – Federal Trade Commission”) definió requisitos de rotulación para el biodiesel y el diesel de biomasa
- Beta Analytic promueve el uso del método ASTM D6866 para verificar la exactitud de las mezclas de biodiesel y diesel de biomasa
## Biodiesel no es Diesel de Biomasa
La Comisión Federal de Comercio de los EE.UU. (o “U.S. Federal Trade Commission”, en inglés) definió el significado de biodiesel y biodiesel de biomasa para aclarar las diferencias entre los dos. De acuerdo a la CFC, el diesel de biomasa es “un combustible sustituto al diesel producido a partir de recursos renovables no originados del petróleo y que atiende a los requisitos de registro para combustibles y aditivos de combustibles establecidos por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental, de acuerdo a la reglamentación 42 U.S.C. 7545, e incluye combustibles derivados de residuos animales, incluyendo grasas y restos de aves, además de otros materiales desechados o provenientes de residuos sólidos municipales, lodos y aceites derivados de aguas residuales y del tratamiento de aguas residuales, exceptuando el biodiesel.”
En los EE.UU., el Estándar de Combustible Renovable de la APA – ECR2 (o “Renewable Fuel Standard – RFS2”), actualizado en febrero de 2010, define el biodiesel de biomasa como “un combustible renovable que emite al menos un 50% menos gases de efecto invernadero en su ciclo de vida útil en comparación con la línea de base correspondiente a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero emitidos durante el ciclo de vida de un combustible” y que atiende a todos los siguientes requisitos: (a) es un combustible utilizado para transporte, un aditivo decombustible utilizado para transporte, aceite para calefacción o combustible para la industria de aviación; (b) satisface la definición de un biodiesel ode un diesel renovable que no contiene éster; y (c) es registrado como combustible para vehículos o aditivo para combustible, de acuerdo a la ley “40 CFR parte 79”, si el combustible o aditivo de combustible es destinado para ser utilizado en vehículos. La APA aclara que un combustible renovable co-procesado conel petróleo no es considerado diesel de biomasa.
Biodiesel, por otro lado, significa “los ésteres mono-alquilo de ácidos grasos de cadena larga derivados de substancias de plantas o animales que atienden: los requisitos de registro para combustibles y aditivos de combustibles, de acuerdo a la ley “40 CFR Parte 79”; y los requisitos del estándar D6751-07b de la ‘American Society for Testing and Materials’, conocidos como ‘Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels’.”
Se obtiene una combinación de biodiesel a través de la mezcla de biodiesel y diesel a base de petróleo. De manera similar, una combinación de diesel de biomasa contiene diesel de biomasa y diesel.
## Código de Colores de la CFC de los EE.UU. para el Biodiesel y el Diesel de Biomasa
La CFC atribuye rotulados en diferentes colores a estos sustitutos del diesel – “azul” para el biodiesel y “naranja” para el diesel de biomasa. Se encuentra el nombre del combustible en la parte superior del rotulado. Debajo del nombre, se encuentra un texto que aclara el porcentaje exacta del sustituto de diesel.
Mezclas con más de 5% de biodiesel o diesel de biomasa deben ser rotuladas de acuerdo a la determinación de la CFC. Las mezclas con 5% o menos de biodiesel o diesel de biomasa norequieren rotulados.
## Verificando la Exactitud de las Mezclas de Biodiesel y Diesel de Biomasa a través del Método ASTM D6866
Con sede en Miami, Florida, Beta Analytic, Inc. es un laboratorio de datación por radiocarbono conestándar de certificación ISO/IEC 17025:2017. La empresa promueve el uso del método ASTM D6866 para verificar la exactitud de las mezclas de biocombustibles.
El método ASTM D6866 puede ser utilizado para analizar el contenido renovable del combustible. El método fácilmente determina cuanto de la mezcla es biodiesel o diesel de biomasa, cuantificando el carbono 14 presente en las muestras. El otro componente de lamezcla, o sea, el diesel a base de petróleo, no contiene carbono 14. Por lo tanto, el carbono 14 medido através del método ASTM D6866 puede ser fácilmente atribuido al porcentaje de combustible mezclado proveniente de biomasa.
---
### [SUBSTITUTS AU DIESEL: BIODIESEL ET DIESEL A BASE DE BIOMASSE](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/diesel-base-biomasse.html)
**Published:** September 21, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biodiesel et Diesel à base de Biomasse sont deux différentes alternatives au diesel.
- L’FTC américain a instauré des exigences de labelisation concernant ces deux alternatives
- Beta Analytic promeut l’utilisation de l’ASTM D6866 pour certifier du taux de biomasse présent dans les biodiesels et mélanges à base de diesel issu de la biomasse
## Biodiesel et Diesel à base de biomasse
La Federal Trade Commission des Etats-Unis a défini «biodiesel» et diesel à base de biomasse afin de clarifier leurs différences. Selon l’FTC, «diesel issu de biomasse» signifie “un substitut du Gazole produit à partir de ressources renouvelables non pétrolifères qui répondent aux exigences relatives aux combustibles et additifs pour carburants établies par l’Agence de Protection de l’Environnement conformément à 42 U.S.C. 7545, et incluent les dérivés de déchets d’origine animale, incluant graisses et déchets de volaille, ainsi qu’autres déchets ou à partir de déchets solides municipaux et boues et huiles dérivés des eaux usagées et du traitement des eaux usagées, exceptant l’utilisation du terme «biodiesel».”
Dans la finalisation de l’amendement de l’EPA américain Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) en février 2010, le diesel à base de biomasse est défini comme “un combustible renouvelable dont le cycle de vie des émissions de gaz à effet de serre est au moins réduit de 50% par rapport au cycle de vie de base des émissions de gaz à effet de serre” et répond aux exigences suivantes: (a)c’est un combustible de transport, un additif à un combustible de transport, de l’huile de chauffage ou kérosène; (b) il répond à la définition soit du biodiesel, soit du diesel renouvelable sans ester; et (c) il est enregistré en tant que combustible pour véhicules motorisés ou additif de carburant selon 40 CFR partie 79, si le combustible ou additif de carburant est destiné à une utilisation pour un véhicule motorisé. L’ EPA clarifie ainsi qu’un combustible renouvelable qui a été co-traité avec du pétrole n’est pas un diesel à base de biomasse.
D’autre part, «Biodiesel» signifie “Le mono-ester alkyl est une longue chaîne d’acides gras dérivés de plantes ou d’animaux qui répondent: aux exigences pour combustibles et additifs de combustibles selon 40 CFR Partie 79; ainsi qu’aux exigences de l’American Society for Testing and Materials, norme D6751–07b (Norme Spécifique pour les Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) pour les Middle Distillate Fuels, ou Combustibles de Distillat Moyen).”
Un mélange Biodiesel est un combustible composé d’un mélange de biodiesel et de diesel à base de pétrole. De la même manière, un mélange de diesel à base de biomasse contient du diesel et du diesel à base de biomasse.
## Le Code Couleurs de l’FTC américain pour les Biodiesel et Diesel à base de biomasse
L’FTC à assigné des couleurs de label pour les substituts au diesel – bleu pour biodiesel et orange pour diesel à base de biomasse. Le nom du carburant se trouve dans la partie haute du label. Un Texte mentionnant l’exact pourrcentage du substitut au diesel se trouve en-dessous de son nom.
Les mélanges contenant plus de 5% de biodiesel ou de diesel à base de biomasse doivent être étiquetés tel que prescrit par l’FTC. Les mélanges contenant 5% ou moins de biodiesel ou de diesel à base de biomasse n’ont pas besoin d’être étiquetés.
## Vérification de l’exactitutde des mélanges Biodiesel et Diesel à base de biomasse au travers de l’ASTM D6866
Beta Analytic, Inc., situé à Miami, Floride,est un laboratoire de datation radiocarbone accréditée à la norme ISO/IEC 17025:2017. La compagnei promeut l’utilisation de l’ASTM D6866 pour vérifier de la précision des mélanges de biocarburants.
L’ASTM D6866 peut être utilisée pour l’analyse du contenu renouvelable dans les carburants.La norme permet de déterminer aisément le contenu biodiesel ou diesel à base de biomasse d’un mélange, en quantifiant le carbone 14 present dans l’échantillon analysé. L’autre composant du mélange, le diesel à base de pétrole, ne contient pas de carbone 14. Ainsi, le carbone 14 mesuré via ASTM D6866 peut aisément être attribué au pourcentage du carburant mélangé qui provient de la biomasse.
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### [Substitutos do Diesel: Biodiesel e Diesel de Biomassa](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/diesel-de-biomassa.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- O biodiesel e o diesel de biomassa são duas alternativas ao diesel comum
- A CFC – Comissão Federal de Comércio (ou “FTC – Federal Trade Commission”) definiu requisitos de rotulagem para o biodiesel e o diesel de biomassa
- A Beta Analytic promove o uso do método ASTM D6866 para verificar a exatidão das misturas de biodiesel e diesel de biomassa
## Biodiesel não é Diesel de Biomassa
A Comissão Federal de Comércio dos EUA (ou “U.S. Federal Trade Commission”, em inglês) definiu o que significa biodiesel e biodiesel de biomassa para esclarecer as diferenças entre os dois. De acordo com a CFC, o diesel de biomassa é “um combustível substituto ao diesel produzido a partir de recursos renováveis não originados do petróleo e que atende aos requisitos de registro para combustíveis e aditivos para combustíveis estabelecidos pela Agência de Proteção Ambiental, de acordo com a norma 42 U.S.C. 7545, e inclui combustíveis derivados de resíduos animais, incluindo a gordura e os restos de aves, bem como outros materiais descartados ou procedentes de resíduos sólidos municipais, lodo e óleos derivados de águas residuais e do tratamento de águas residuais, excetuando o biodiesel.”
Nos EUA, o Padrão de Combustível Renovável da APA – PCR2 (ou “Renewable Fuel Standard – RFS2”), que foi atualizado em fevereiro de 2010, define o biodiesel de biomassa como sendo “um combustível renovável que emite pelo menos 50% menos gases de efeito estufa em seu ciclo de vida útil em comparação com a linha de base referente às emissões de gases de efeito estufa emitidos durante o ciclo de vida de um combustível” e que atende a todos os seguintes requisitos: (a) é um combustível usado para transporte, um aditivo a um combustível usado para transporte, óleo para aquecimento ou combustível para aviação; (b) satisfaz a definição de um biodiesel ou de um diesel renovável que não contém éster; e (c) é registrado como um combustível para automóveis ou como aditivo para combustível, de acordo com a norma “40 CFR part 79”, se o combustível ou aditivo de combustível é para ser usado em veículos. A APA esclarece que um combustível renovável co-processado com o petróleo não é considerado diesel de biomassa.
Biodiesel, por outro lado, significa “os ésteres mono alquila de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa derivados de substâncias de plantas ou animais que atendem: os requisitos de registro para combustíveis e aditivos de combustíveis, de acordo com a norma “40 CFR Part 79”; e os requisitos do padrão D6751-07b da ‘American Society for Testing and Materials’, conhecido como ‘Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels’.”
Uma combinação de biodiesel é obtida com a mistura de biodiesel e diesel a base de petróleo. Semelhantemente, uma combinação de diesel de biomassa contém diesel de biomassa e diesel.
## Código de Cores da CFC dos EUA para o Biodiesel e o Diesel de Biomassa
A CFC atribuiu rótulos em diferentes cores a estes substitutos do diesel – “azul” para o biodiesel e “laranja” para o diesel de biomassa. O nome do combustível é encontrado na parte superior do rótulo. Um texto que esclarece a porcentagem exata do substituto do diesel é encontrado debaixo do nome.
Misturas com mais de 5% de biodiesel ou diesel de biomassa precisam ser rotuladas de acordo com a determinação da CFC. As misturas com 5% ou menos de biodiesel ou diesel de biomassa não precisam de rótulos.
## Verificando a Exatidão das Misturas de Biodiesel e Diesel de Biomassa Através do Método ASTM D6866
A Beta Analytic, Inc., sediada em Miami, na Flórida, é um laboratório de datação por radiocarbono com padrão de certificação ISO/IEC 17025:2017. A empresa promove o uso do método ASTM D6866 para verificar a exatidão das misturas de biocombustíveis.
O método ASTM D6866 pode ser utilizado para testar o conteúdo renovável do combustível. O método facilmente determina quanto da mistura é biodiesel ou diesel de biomassa, quantificando o carbono-14 presente nas amostras. O outro componente da mistura, ou seja, o diesel à base de petróleo, não contém carbono-14. Portanto, o carbono-14 medido através do método ASTM D6866 pode ser facilmente atribuído à porcentagem do combustível misturado proveniente de biomassa.
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### [Législation sur les sacs plastiques en France : une nouvelle opportunité pour l’industrie du biosourcé](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/decret-sacs-plastiques.html)
**Published:** June 7, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
La France a récemment mis en application un décret exigeant que les sacs plastiques à usage unique aient une teneur biosourcée minimale de 30% à partir du 1er janvier 2017. La teneur biosourcée minimale augmentera progressivement jusqu’à atteindre 60% en 2025. Le ministère français de l’Ecologie, du Développement durable et de l’Energie a spécifié que l’analyse de la teneur biosourcée devrait être effectuée conformément à la norme [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") ou la norme [CEN/TS 16640](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/cen-16640.html "CEN/TS 16640").
Dans le cadre de la nouvelle loi relative à la transition énergétique pour la croissance verte, les sacs plastiques à usage unique qui ne respecteront pas ce nouveau décret seront exclus du marché. Souvent fabriqués à partir de polyéthylène et d’une épaisseur de moins de 50 microns, ces sacs sont quasiment impossibles à recycler à cause de leur extrême finesse.
L’interdiction d’utiliser ces sacs plastiques à usage unique distribués aux caisses des commerces en France était initialement prévue pour janvier 2016. Cependant, afin de donner plus de temps aux commercants et aux fabricants pour utiliser leurs stocks restants, la mise en application a été repoussée à juillet, quand le décret 2016-379 publié par le ministère français de l’Ecologie, du Développement durable et de l’Energie aura pris effet.
La seconde étape de la mesure prendra effet en janvier 2017, avec l’interdiction d’utiliser des sacs plastiques à usage unique qui ne soient pas biodégradables, dont ceux pour emballer le pain, le fromage, la viande, les fruits et les légumes. Avec cette mesure, la France espère non seulement réduire les déchets (17 milliards de sacs plastiques à usage unique ont été distribués dans le pays en 2014), mais également créer de nouveaux emplois car cette interdiction vise par ailleurs à inciter les entreprises à produire davantage de sacs biodégradables fabriqués par exemple à partir de fécule de maïs ou de pommes de terre.
## Les sacs plastiques devront avoir une teneur biosourcée minimale de 30% au 1er janvier 2017
A partir de janvier 2017, les seuls sacs autorisés seront ceux comprenant au moins 30% de matériaux biosourcés. La teneur biosourcée minimale requise augmentera progressivement à 40% en 2018, 50% en 2020 et 60% en 2025.
La “teneur biosourcée” est définie par le décret français comme le pourcentage, exprimé en fraction de carbone total, de matières biosourcées contenues dans le sac, déterminé selon la méthode de calcul spécifiée par les normes internationales en vigueur relatives à la détermination de la teneur en carbone biosourcé des plastiques (ISO 16620-2 et CEN/TS 16640). Ces normes mesurent la teneur biosourcée en utilisant l’analyse au carbone-14.
## Analyses exactes et rapides pour mesurer la teneur biosourcée
Beta Analytic, accrédité ISO/IEC 17025:2017, propose des mesures du carbone biosourcé rapides et exactes comme requis par les normes ISO 16620-2 et CEN/TS 16640. Le laboratoire utilise la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur (AMS) pour déterminer la teneur en carbone biosourcé dans les produits plastiques. Beta Analytic fournit systématiquement les résultats sous 5 à 7 jours ouvrés à compter de la réception au laboratoire, avec un rapport des résultats en ligne, une consultation technique, et des rapports d’assurance qualité inclus.
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### [Karbon-14 Analizi: Hile Tespit Aracı](https://www.betalabservices.com/hile-tespiti.html)
**Published:** October 4, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Bir malzemenin radyokarbon seviyesi incelenerek gerçekten doğal olup olmadığı hakkında bilgi edinilebilir. Birçok çalışmada kullanıldığı gibi karbon-14 analizleriyle iki malzemeden hangisinin petrol ürünlerinden elde edildiği hangisinin doğal kaynaklardan elde edildiği anlaşılabilir. Bu malzemelere örnek olarak, vanilin, esansiyel yağlar, kafein, sitrik asit örnek olarak verilebilir.
Karbon-14’ün sentetik ve doğal ürünlerin ayrıştırılmasına kullanılması yeni bir gelişme olmayıp on yıllardır kullanılan bir metotdur. Ancak, teknolojideki gelişmeler sayesinde artık sonuçların anlamlandırılması daha kolay olmaktadır.
Bunun dışında, 2011 yılında the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, [Gıda Kimyasalları Kodeksine](https://www.betalabservices.com/turkce/dogal/fcc.html "Gıda Kimyasalları Kodeksine") bu metotu, biyoiçerik tespiti için kullanılabilek bir yöntem olarak eklemiştir.
## Karbon-14 sentetik ve doğal ürünleri nasıl ayrıştırabilir?
[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/turkce/dogal/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866") ve [ISO 16620-2](https://www.betalabservices.com/natural-products/iso-16620.html "ISO 16620-2") sentetik içerikleri, radyokarbon (Karbon-14) analizi ile tespit edebilen standartlardır. Doğadan elde edilmiş olan malzemelerin içerisindeki karbon-14 miktarları bilinmektedir. Bununla beraber, petrol kökenli malzemelerin radyokarbon oranları genelde çok daha az olmaktadır. Gıda, kozmetik ve ilaç sanayinde kullanılan birçok malzeme petrol kökenli olup bunların herhangi bir radyokarbon içeriği mevcut değildir.
Örneğin, A ürünü yenilenebilir bir kaynaktan elde edildiyse ISO 16620-2 standartına göre yüzde yüz biyoiçerikli olarak sonuç verecektir. B ürünü eğer hem sentetik hem de doğal kaynaklardan elde edilen malzemelerle üretildiyse yani karışık bir ürünse, biyoiçerikli karbon oranı da %0 ile %100 arasında olacaktır.
Karbon-14 testi, fosilden elde edilmiş malzeme ile çok daha yakın zamanda yaşamı sona ermiş olan bir canlıdan elde edilmiş olan karbonu ayırt edebilir. Test aynı zamanda, malzemenin doğal içeriğinin yapay içeriğine olan yüzdesini de verebilir.
## Beta Analytic’in Yüksek Hassasiyetli Sentetik ve Doğal İçerik Ayrımı Testi
ISO/IEC 17025:2017-akreditasyonlu Beta Analytic radyokarbon analizi ile bir ürünün içerisindeki doğal ve sentetik oranı yüzde olarak söyleyebilir. Bu analizler genelde, koku, parfüm, kozmetik, diyet ürünleri, ilaçlar ya da içecekler için kullanılmaktadır.
Laboratuvarımız, sentetik ve doğal içerikleri birbirinden ayırt edebilen uluslararası standartlara sahip ASTM D6866 ve ISO 16620-2 analizlerini yapabilmektedir. Her iki analiz de Karbon-14 yöntemini kullanarak malzeme içindeki karbonun yenilebilir ya da biyokütleden mi geldiğini bulmaktadır.
---
### [Biodiesel et biocarburants mélangés – Carburants alternatifs renouvelables](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/biodiesel-biocarburants-melanges.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Le biodiesel est un biocarburant produit à partir de graisses animales, huiles végétales ou graisses de restaurants recyclées. Ce carburant liquide biodégradable est composé d’alkyl esters d’acides gras, d’esters méthyliques d’acides gras, ou d’esters monoalkyles d’acides gras. Les biocarburants mélangés sont des mélanges de biodiesel et de diesel dérivé du pétrole.
Le biodiesel est considéré comme une bonne alternative au diesel dérivé du pétrole pour les moteurs à allumage par compression car il émet des gaz et du soufre moins dangereux lorsqu’il est brûlé. Le biodiesel est également beaucoup plus sûr que son équivalent dérivé du pétrole puisqu’il est non toxique et moins inflammable (point d’éclair plus élevé). Bien que le biodiesel contienne environ 8% d’énergie en moins par gallon que le diesel dérivé du pétrole, aucune différence significative en termes de performance ou d’économie de carburant n’a été reportée.
Selon le ministère américain de l’Énergie, il y a suffisamment de réserve d’huile de soja vierge, de graisses de restaurants recyclées, et autres matières premières pour produire environ 1,7 milliards de gallons de biodiesel par an selon les politiques conçues pour encourager l’utilisation du biodiesel dans le pays.
## Production du biodiesel
Le biodiesel est produit par estérification. Les graisses et huiles sont mélangées avec un alcool, en général du méthanol, afin de former des esters méthyliques d’acides gras en présence d’un catalyseur, le plus souvent de l’hydroxyde de sodium. La glycérine est un sous-produit de la production de biodiesel.
## Biocarburants mélangés
Aux Etats-Unis, il est légal de mélanger du biodiesel avec du diesel dérivé du pétrole quel que soit le pourcentage. Le biodiesel B100 est du biodiesel pur, le B20 contient 20% de biodiesel et 80% de diesel dérivé du pétrole, et le B5 contient 5% de biodiesel et 95% de diesel dérivé du pétrole. La plupart des utilisateurs de biodiesel choisissent le B20 car il n’a pas le même rendement par temps froid ni les mêmes problèmes de compatibilité que le B100.
Lorsqu’ils sont brûlés, les biocarburants mélangés émettent également moins de gaz à effet de serre que le diesel dérivé du pétrole. Selon le Centre de données sur les carburants alternatifs et véhicules avancés du ministère américain de l’Énergie, l’utilisation de B100 réduit les émissions de CO2 de plus de 75% comparé au diesel dérivé du pétrole. Le B20 réduit les émissions de CO2 de 15%.
## Réglementations et mesures incitatives aux Etats-Unis
Il existe de nombreuses lois et mesures incitatives en faveur de l’utilisation de biodiesel et biocarburants mélangés au niveau des états et au niveau fédéral. L’état de Washington en détient le plus, avec 4 programmes incitatifs et 13 lois. La plupart des états offrent des exonérations et déductions fiscales afin d’encourager les consommateurs à utiliser du biodiesel. Le biodiesel B100 et les mélanges B20 ou supérieur peuvent bénéficier des crédits alloués pour les carburants alternatifs selon la loi sur la politique de l’énergie de 1992 (Energy Policy Act).
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### [Biocombustibles para la aviación: El futuro de los combustibles para aviones](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/combustibles-para-aviacion.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Debido al incremento en los precios del petróleo y a preocupaciones ambientales, la industria de la aviación ve ahora a los biocombustibles como alternativas a los combustibles para aviones derivados del petróleo. Vuelos de prueba que utilizan biocombustibles ya están en marcha mientras la industria busca alternativas rentables y limpias al keroseno como combustible para aviones.
## Método ASTM D6866 para mezclas de biocombustibles para aviones
El método ASTM D6866 se utiliza para el análisis de biocombustibles para aviones en desarrollo. El método determina el porcentaje exacto de combustible derivado de fuentes renovables (plantas) midiendo la cantidad de carbono 14 presente en el mismo. Todo material derivado de biomasa tiene carbono 14 mientras que aquéllos de origen fósil no tienen carbono 14. Por lo tanto, el método ASTM D6866 puede usarse como una herramienta de verificación para comprobar la precisión de las mezclas de biocombustibles. Usted puede encontrar mayor información sobre el estándar ASTM D6866 [aquí](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866").
## Extractos vegetales de alto contenido energético como biocombustibles
Hay varias plantas cuyos extractos están siendo sometidos a pruebas para ser utilizados como combustibles para aviones. Entre ellas se incluyen la soja, la canola, la camelina, la jatropha y las algas. La quema de combustibles derivados de los extractos de estas plantas no contribuirá al calentamiento global porque el producto de su combustión es dióxido de carbono sin emisiones netas de carbono.
Aunque la soja y la canola han generado mezclas de combustibles para aviones prometedoras, se trata de cultivos alimenticios y su uso para fines no alimentarios es criticado en los debates sobre alimentos versus combustibles.
## Combustibles para aviones a partir de camelina, jatropha y algas
La camelina es un tallo floral que puede alcanzar varios pies de altura y puede ser cultivada en campos de trigo dejados en barbecho. El combustible con aceite de camelina ya ha sido usado por Japan Airlines para facilitar el vuelo de un avión Boeing 747 durante 90 minutos.
Otra materia prima es la jatropha, un arbusto venenoso que puede alcanzar una altura de hasta nueve pies en tierras que no son aptas para cultivos alimenticios. Como la jatropha, las algas pueden crecer en aguas contaminadas, por lo que su producción a gran escala no sería un problema. La extracción de aceites de estas dos plantas es, no obstante, compleja.
Los aceites derivados de jatropha y algas han sido mezclados con 50% de combustible para aviones convencional, y la mezcla fue usada en un avión Boeing 737 de Continental Airlines para completar un vuelo de prueba de dos horas desde Houston – el primer vuelo comercial en Estados Unidos que utilizó biocombustibles. Se tiene registro de que Japan Airlines ha utilizado una mezcla de camelina, jatropha y algas para un vuelo de prueba.
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### [バイオ燃料とその試験法とは？](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/biofuels/about-biofuels.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- バイオ燃料は植物や動物など再生可能資源から作られた輸送用の燃料です。
- バイオ燃料は燃焼するとカーボンニュートラルCO2を排出します。
- [いろいろな種類のバイオ燃料が開発中です。](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp-biobased-chemicals-kinds/ "いろいろな種類のバイオ燃料が開発中です")
- Beta Analyticではバイオ燃料を国際規格ASTM D6866に準じて試験を行っています。
バイオマス資源よる作られる固体・液体・ガスの燃料はバイオ燃料と呼ばれます。 それらは、再生可能で化石燃料の良い代替燃料です。 現在、市場に流通しているバイオ燃料のほとんどは植物由来のもので、多くが輸送用の燃料です。.
世界各国でバイオ燃料製造のために特化された植物が栽培されています。 アメリカでは、スウィッチグラス、大豆やコーン、ブラジルや日本ではサトウキビ、ヨーロッパではビートや小麦などが栽培されています。
バイオ燃料として代表的なものは、バイオエタノール、バイオディーゼル、バイオガス、木質バイオマスなどがあります。 世界各国で、バイオ燃料の供給・利用を強力に推進しています。
## バイオ燃料の種類
バイオ燃料は3つのカテゴリーに分類されます。 第一世代、第二世代、第三世代の3つのカテゴリーに分類されます。
第一世代バイオ燃料は砂糖、スターチ、野菜、動物油脂などから昔から在った方法で作られます。 そのため食料との競合問題が常に論争の的となってきました。
食料との競合、生物多様性の観点から第一世代バイオ燃料の生産には限界があります。 それを解決するために第二世代バイオ燃料が開発されました。 第二世代バイオ燃料は、食用にならず、廃棄物とみなされるような非食料の穀物などから生産されます。 原料には、とうもろこしの皮、果物の皮、木材チップなどが用いられます。
専門家は、第二世代バイオ燃料は第一世代バイオ燃料と比較して、温室効果ガスの削減に貢献可能であると言及しています。しかし、その製造工程は第一世代バイオ燃料より複雑です。
第三世代バイオ燃料は藻類から作られます。
S第二世代、第三世代は先進燃料ともよばれます。 その一例は開発中のHDRDです。 [hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html "all about HDRD") HDRDは動物油脂や植物油を精製して作られ、化石燃料と混合が可能です。
## バイオ燃料とカーボンニュートラルCO2
バイオ燃料を燃やすことにより排出されるCO2はカーボンニュートラル ([carbon neutral carbon dioxide](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbon neutral CO2 explained"))であるので化石燃料の良い代替となります。カーボンニュートラルCO2はカーボンフットプリント0です。
バイオ燃料を燃やすことにより排出されるCO2は再びバイオマスの資源となる植物に吸収されます。 つまり、植物からバイオ燃料が生産され、そのバイオ燃料から排出されたCO2再び植物に戻るという循環が成立しています。 このような関係をカーボンニュートラルであるといいます。
## 日本における導入
2006年に京都議定書の発効を考慮し見直されたバイオマス・日本総合戦略(農林水産省)では、国産バイオ燃料の本格的導入、林地残材などの未利用バイオマスの活用等によるバイオマスタウン構築の推進が決定されました。 また経済産業省では改正揮発油等品質確保法の制定、バイオ由来燃料(ETBE)混合ガソリン導入実証補助事業などの取り組みを行っています。
## ASTM D6866 バイオ燃料の試験
ASTM D6866では有機物質中に存在する天然レベルの放射性炭素を測定します。天然レベルの極微量な放射能を持つ放射性炭素(C14)は全ての生命体に一定のレベルで存在しています。 原生のバイオマスは基準値に対して100％放射性炭素を含有しますが、化石起源燃料には放射性炭素が存在しません。（基準値に対して0％）ASTM D6866に基づいたバイオ燃料の試験では、この相違を利用し化石起源CO2に対するバイオマス起源CO2の割合を決定します。
Beta Analyticでは、各国の排ガス規制などに対応するため信頼性の高いASTM D6866試験サービスをご提供しております。詳細は[こちらのページ](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html "こちらのページ")をご覧ください。
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### [Traditional Chinese Contact Us Page](https://www.betalabservices.com/zh-hant/astm-d6866-contact.html)
**Published:** December 5, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Japanese Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [O que são biocombustíveis?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/sobre-biocombustiveis.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biocombustíveis são combustíveis para veículos produzidos a partir de plantas e animais.
- Quando queimados, os biocombustíveis emitem CO2 neutro de carbono.
- Há muitos tipos de biocombustíveis sendo desenvolvidos.
Combustíveis sólidos, líquidos ou gasosos produzidos a partir de biomassa são conhecidos como biocombustíveis. Eles são renováveis e são bons substitutos para os combustíveis fósseis. A maioria dos biocombustíveis disponíveis no mercado hoje são derivados de plantas. Eles são normalmente utilizados como combustíveis para veículos.
Certas plantas estão sendo produzidas especificamente para a produção de biocombustíveis. Nos Estados Unidos, gramíneas (Panicum virgatum), soja e milho são as maiores fontes de biocombustíveis. O Brasil utiliza a cana de açúcar, enquanto a Europa processa beterraba e trigo. Outros produtos agrícolas também empregados como fontes de biocombustíveis são a mandioca e sorgo na China, miscanto e óleo de palma no sudeste da Ásia e pinhão-manso na Índia.
Alguns exemplos de biocombustíveis são: biodiesel, bioalcoóis, (bioetanol, biometanol, biobutanol), biogás, gás de síntese e biocombustíveis sólidos como madeira, carvão e serragem. Entre os países que promoveram o desenvolvimento e uso de biocombustíveis estão o Brasil, os EUA, França, Suécia e Alemanha.
## Tipos de biocombustíveis
Os biocombustíveis estão classificados em três grupos – primeira geração, segunda geração e terceira geração.
Os biocombustíveis de primeira geração são produzidos através de tecnologia convencional, tendo como fontes açúcar, amido, óleo vegetal ou gordura animal. Pelo fato da matéria-prima ser também fonte de alimento, o debate “alimento ou combustível” é uma grande questão dos biocombustíveis de primeira geração.
A produção dos biocombustíveis de primeira geração é limitada porque ela pode ameaçar o fornecimento de alimentos e a biodiversidade. Para atender à crescente demanda de biocombustíveis, foram desenvolvidos os biocombustíveis de segunda geração. Os biocombustíveis de segunda geração são produzidos a partir de cultivos não alimentícios, ou partes de cultivos alimentícios não comestíveis ou considerados descartáveis, como talos, palhas, lascas de madeira e cascas de frutas.
Segundo especialistas, os biocombustíveis de segunda geração oferecem uma maior economia em emissões de gases de efeito estufa do que os biocombustíveis de primeira geração. No entanto, a produção de biocombustíveis de segunda geração é mais complicada porque envolve a extração de matérias-primas úteis de biomassa amadeirada ou fibrosa.
Os biocombustíveis de terceira geração são produzidos a partir de algas. A produção de combustível de alga envolve a fermentação do carboidrato da alga.
Os biocombustíveis de segunda e terceira geração são também conhecidos como biocombustíveis avançados. Um exemplo de biocombustível que ainda está sendo desenvolvido é o [diesel renovável derivado de hidrogenação](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/diesel-renovavel-hdrd.html "diesel renovável derivado de hidrogenação") (HDRD). O HDRD é produzido a partir de gordura animal ou óleos vegetais que foram refinados em refinarias de óleo. Esse combustível pode ser misturado com petróleo.
## Biocombustíveis e CO2 neutro de carbono
Os biocombustíveis são boas alternativas para os combustíveis fósseis porque eles produzem [dióxido de carbono neutro de carbono](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "dióxido de carbono neutro de carbono") quando queimados. A pegada de carbono do CO2 neutro de carbono é zero porque ele não produz um efeito global na concentração de carbono da biosfera.
A biomassa, quando queimada, libera dióxido de carbono, que por sua vez é prontamente absorvida pelas plantas – a fonte de biomassa. Através desse ciclo, as plantas removem o carbono da atmosfera, e o carbono é lançado de volta para a atmosfera quando as plantas são queimadas. Esse equilíbrio neutraliza o carbono da biomassa.
O senado dos Estados Unidos aprovou um projeto de lei que contém uma provisão (RFS) que obrigaria o uso de bioetanol na gasolina em até 5 bilhões de galões para o ano de 2012. O Comitê Conjunto de Tributação (Joint Committee on Taxation) estima que essa provisão custará aos contribuintes $5 bilhões durante o curso dos próximos dez anos. Será necessário realizar um monitoramento para garantir que a intenção da lei (o mandato de bioetanol), e não apenas sua interpretação literal, seja levada com seriedade, especialmente com o uso de etanol importado.
## Regulamentações e Incentivos
Nos Estados Unidos, há muitos incentivos e leis para o uso de biodiesel e biomisturas em nível estatal e federal. O estado de Washington, por exemplo, conta com 4 programas de incentivos e 13 leis. O B100 e misturas de B20 ou mais podem receber créditos de combustíveis alternativos, segundo a Lei de Política de Energias de 1992. A maioria dos estados oferece isenções e deduções de impostos pelo uso de biodiesel.
Outros países, especialmente na Europa, também oferecem incentivos similares para encorajar o uso de produtos de base biológica, como os biocombustíveis.
**Para saber mais:**
[Bioetanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/bioetanol.html)
[Biodiesel e biomisturas](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/biodiesel-biomisturas.html)
[Combustíveis para aviação](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/combustiveis-para-avioes.html)
[Diesel renovável (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/diesel-renovavel-hdrd.html)
[Diesel derivado de biomassa](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/diesel-de-biomassa.html)
[Etanol sintético](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/etanol-sintetico.html)
[Bioetanol e etanol derivado de petróleo](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/petroleo-etanol.html)
---
### [Qu’est-ce qu’un biocarburant ?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/a-propos-biocarburants.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Les biocarburants sont des carburants de transport issus de sources renouvelables telles que les plantes ou les animaux
- Lorsqu’ils sont brûlés, les biocarburants émettent du CO2 neutre en carbone
- Il y a beaucoup de biocarburants en cours de développement
On appelle biocarburants les carburants solides, liquides ou gazeux issus de la biomasse. Ils sont renouvelables et constituent d’excellents substituts aux carburants fossiles. La plupart des biocarburants disponibles sur le marché aujourd’hui sont de source végétale. Ils sont souvent utilisés comme carburants de transport.
Certaines plantes sont cultivées spécialement pour la production de biocarburants. Aux Etats-Unis, le panic raide, le soja et le maïs sont les principales sources de biocarburants. Au Brésil, on utilise la canne à sucre alors qu’en Europe on utilise davantage la betterave sucrière et le blé. En Chine, on utilise aussi le manioc et le sorgho ; en Asie du Sud-Est, le miscanthus et l’huile de palme et le jatropha en Inde.
Le biodiesel, les bio-alcools (bioéthanol, biométhanol, biobutanol), le biogaz, le gaz de synthèse, et les biocarburants liquides tels que le bois, le charbon et la sciure sont des exemples de biocarburants. Le Brésil, les Etats-Unis, la France, la Suède et l’Allemagne font partie des pays qui ont fortement encouragé le développement des biocarburants.
## Types de biocarburants
Les biocarburants sont classés en trois groupes – première génération, seconde génération et troisième génération.
Les biocarburants de première génération sont produits par technologie classique à partir de sucre, amidon, huile végétale ou graisses animales. Etant donné que ces matières premières sont également des sources de nourriture, le débat “alimentation vs. carburant” est le problème majeur avec les biocarburants de première génération.
La production des biocarburants de première génération montre ses limites car elle représente une menace pour l’approvisionnement alimentaire et la biodiversité. Pour répondre à la demande croissante en biocarburants, les biocarburants de seconde génération ont donc été développés. Ces biocarburants sont produits à partir de cultures non alimentaires ou portions de cultures alimentaires qui ne sont pas comestibles et sont considérées comme des déchets, par exemple les tiges, coques, copeaux de bois et pelures de fruits.
Selon les experts, les biocarburants de seconde génération entraînent des réductions d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre plus importantes que les biocarburants de première génération. Toutefois, les biocarburants de seconde génération sont plus compliqués à produire car ils impliquent d’extraire des matières premières utiles de la biomasse ligneuse ou fibreuse.
Les biocarburants de troisième génération sont produits à partir d’algues. La production d’algocarburants implique la fermentation des glucides des algues.
Les biocarburants de seconde et troisième génération sont également appelés biocarburants avancés. Un exemple de biocarburant avancé toujours en cours de développement est le diesel renouvelable produit par hydrogénation, DRPH ([hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/diesel-renouvelable-drph.html "all about HDRD")). Le DRPH est produit à partir de graisses animales ou huiles végétales qui ont été raffinées dans des raffineries de pétrole. Ce carburant peut être mélangé au pétrole.
## Les biocarburants et le CO2 neutre en carbone
Les biocarburants sont de bonnes alternatives aux carburants fossiles car ils produisent du [dioxyde de carbone neutre en carbone](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "dioxyde de carbone neutre en carbone") lorsqu’ils sont brûlés. Le CO2 neutre en carbone a une empreinte carbone égale à zéro car il n’a aucun effet net sur la concentration en carbone de la biosphère.
Lorsque la biomasse est brûlée, elle relâche du dioxyde de carbone qui est à son tour immédiatement absorbé par les plantes, source de la biomasse. Lors de ce cycle, les plantes retirent le carbone de l’atmosphère, et le carbone est ensuite à nouveau relâché dans l’atmosphère lorsque les plantes sont brûlées. Cet équilibre rend la biomasse neutre en carbone.
Le Sénat américain a adopté une loi en matière d’énergie qui comprend une disposition (RFS) qui rendrait obligatoire l’utilisation de bioéthanol dans l’essence jusqu’à 5 milliards de gallons d’ici 2012. Le Comité mixte sur le droit fiscal a estimé que cette disposition coûtera 5 milliards de dollars aux contribuables au cours de la prochaine décennie. Un suivi approprié doit être mis en place pour vérifier que l’esprit de la loi (obligation d’utilisation du bioéthanol) n’est pas bafoué, en particulier par l’utilisation d’éthanol importé.
## Réglementations et mesures incitatives
Aux Etats-Unis, il existe de nombreuses mesures incitatives et lois en faveur de l’utilisation de biocarburants au niveau des états et au niveau fédéral. A lui seul, l’état de Washington a 4 programmes incitatifs et 13 lois. Le biodiesel B100 et les mélanges de biocarburants B20 ou supérieur peuvent bénéficier des crédits alloués pour les carburants de remplacement selon la loi sur la politique de l’énergie de 1992 (Energy Policy Act). La plupart des états offrent des exonérations et déductions fiscales en cas d’utilisation de biocarburants.
D’autres pays, en particulier en Europe, offrent des mesures incitatives similaires afin d’encourager l’utilisation des produits biosourcés tels que les biocarburants.
**Pour en savoir plus :**
[Bio-éthanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/bio-ethanol.html)
[Bio-diesel et bio-mélanges](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/biodiesel-biocarburants-melanges.html)
[Carburéacteur](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/carburants-aviation.html)
[Diesel Renouvelable (DRH)](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/diesel-renouvelable-drph.html)
[Diesel issu de la Biomasse](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/diesel-base-biomasse.html)
[Éthanol Synthétique](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/ethanol-synthetique.html)
[Bio-éthanol & Éthanol issu du pétrole](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/ethanol-petrole.html)
---
### [¿Qué son los biocombustibles?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/sobre-los-biocombustibles.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Los biocombustibles son combustibles para el transporte derivados de fuentes renovables como plantas y animales
- Cuando se queman, los biocombustibles liberan CO2 sin emisiones netas de carbono
- Hay muchos tipos de biocombustibles en desarrollo
Los combustibles sólidos, líquidos o gaseosos producidos a partir de biomasa se denominan biocombustibles. Los biocombustibles son renovables y buenos sustitutos de los combustibles fósiles. La mayoría de los biocombustibles disponibles en el mercado hoy en día están elaborados a partir de plantas. Con frecuencia se utilizan como combustibles para el transporte.
Ciertas plantas están siendo cultivadas específicamente para la producción de biocombustibles. En los Estados Unidos, el pasto varilla (Panicum virgatum), las semillas de soja y el maíz son importantes fuentes de biocombustible. Brasil utiliza la caña de azúcar, mientras que Europa procesa la remolacha y el trigo. Otros productos agrícolas que son transformados en biocombustibles son la mandioca y el sorgo en China, el miscanthus y el aceite de palma en el Sureste de Asia, y la jatropha en India.
Algunos ejemplos de biocombustibles son el biodiesel, los bioalcoholes (bioetanol, biometanol, biobutanol), el biogás, el gas de síntesis y biocombustibles sólidos como la madera, el carbón vegetal y el aserrín. Entre los países que han promovido firmemente el desarrollo y uso de los biocombustibles se encuentran Brasil, Estados Unidos, Francia, Suecia y Alemania.
## Tipos de biocombustibles
Los biocombustibles se clasifican en tres grupos: primera generación, segunda generación y tercera generación.
Los biocombustibles de primera generación se producen por medio de tecnología convencional que utiliza azúcar, almidón, aceite vegetal o grasas animales como fuentes. Dado que sus materias primas también son fuentes de alimento, el debate “alimentos vs. combustibles” es un tema mayor dentro de los combustibles de primera generación.
La producción de biocombustibles de primera generación tiene limitantes debido a que podría amenazar el suministro de alimentos y la biodiversidad. Para atender la creciente demanda de biocombustibles se desarrollaron los biocombustibles de segunda generación. Estos biocombustibles de segunda generación se producen a partir de cultivos no destinados a la alimentación o de porciones de cultivos alimentarios no comestibles y considerados como desperdicios, entre ellos los tallos, las vainas, las virutas de madera y las cáscaras de fruta.
De acuerdo con los expertos, los biocombustibles de segunda generación generan mayores ahorros en emisión de gases de efecto invernadero que los biocombustibles de primera generación. Sin embargo, la producción de biocombustibles de segunda generación es más complicada porque involucra la extracción de materias primas útiles de biomasa leñosa o fibrosa.
La tercera generación de biocombustibles corresponde a aquéllos que se producen a partir de algas. La producción de aceite o combustible de algas conlleva la fermentación del carbohidrato del alga.
Los biocombustibles de segunda y tercera generación también se conocen como biocombustibles avanzados. Un ejemplo de un biocombustible avanzado que todavía se encuentra en desarrollo es el [diésel renovable derivado de hidrogenación](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/renewable-diesel-hdrd.html "all about HDRD") (HDRD por sus siglas en inglés). El HDRD se produce a partir de grasas animales o aceites vegetales que han sido refinados en refinerías de petróleo. Este combustible puede mezclarse con el petróleo.
## Biocombustibles y CO2 sin emisiones netas de carbono
Los biocombustibles son buenas alternativas a los combustibles fósiles porque producen [dióxido de carbono sin emisiones netas de carbono](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "dióxido de carbono sin emisiones netas de carbono") al ser quemados. El CO2 sin emisiones netas de carbono no tiene una huella de carbono porque no tiene un efecto neto en la concentración de carbono en la biósfera.
Cuando es quemada, la biomasa libera dióxido de carbono, el cual es absorbido inmediatamente por las plantas – la fuente de biomasa. A través de este ciclo, las plantas remueven carbono de la atmósfera, y el carbono se libera nuevamente a la atmósfera cuando las plantas son quemadas. Este balance hace que la biomasa no genere emisiones netas de carbono.
El Senado de los Estados Unidos aprobó un proyecto de ley que contiene una provisión (RFS) que obligaría a utilizar bioetanol en gasolina hasta una cantidad de 5 billones de galones para el año 2012. El Comité Conjunto de Tributación ha estimado que esta provisión costará a los contribuyentes $5 billones en el curso de los próximos diez años. Debe realizarse un monitoreo adecuado para verificar que el espíritu de la ley (su mandato sobre bioetanol) no sea quebrantado, particularmente mediante el uso de etanol importado.
## Regulaciones e incentivos
En los Estados Unidos, hay muchos incentivos y leyes para el uso de biocombustibles a nivel estatal y federal. Tan solo el estado de Washington cuenta con 4 programas de incentivos y 13 leyes. El biodiesel puro (B100) y mezclas de biodiesel de B20 o más son elegibles para obtener créditos por el uso de combustibles alternativos conforme a la Ley de Política Energética de 1992. La mayoría de los estados ofrecen exenciones y deducciones de impuestos por el uso de biocombustibles.
Otros países, especialmente en Europa, también ofrecen incentivos similares para estimular el uso de productos de origen biológico como los biocombustibles.
**Lecturas recomendadas:**
[Bioetanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/bioetanol.html)
[Biodiesel y Biomezclas](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/biodiesel-biomezclas.html)
[Combustibles para Aviación](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/combustibles-para-aviacion.html)
[Diesel Renovable (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/diesel-renovable.html)
[Diesel Derivado de Biomasa](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/diesel-de-biomasa.html)
[Etanol Sintético](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/etanol-sintetico.html)
[Bioetanol y Etanol Derivado del Petróleo](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/bioetanol-versus-etanol-de-petroleo.html)
---
### [Was sind Biokraftstoffe?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/ueber-biokraftstoffe.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
- Biokraftstoffe sind Kraftstoffe, die im Verkehrswesen verwendet werden und aus erneuerbaren Quellen wie Pflanzen oder Tieren stammen
- Biokraftstoffe setzen bei Verbrennung Kohlenstoff-neutrales CO2 frei
- Es befinden sich viele verschiedene Biokraftstoffe in der Entwicklung
Feste, flüssige oder gasförmige Kraftstoffe, die aus Biomasse produziert werden, nennt man Biokraftstoffe. Sie sind erneuerbar und damit ein guter Ersatz für fossile Kraftstoffe. Die meisten auf dem heutigen Markt verfügbaren Biokraftstoffe werden aus Pflanzen gewonnen. Sie werden oft als Kraftstoffe im Verkehrswesen verwendet.
Bestimmte Pflanzen werden extra für die Produktion von Biokraftstoffen kultiviert. In den USA, sind die meist verwendeten Quellen für Biokraftstoff: Rutenhirse, Sojabohnen und Mais. In Brasilien verwendet man Zuckerrohr, während man in Europa Zuckerrüben und Weizen nutzt. Andere landwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse, die zu Biokraftstoffen verarbeitet werden sind Maniok und Sorghum in China, Chinaschilf und Palmöl in Südostasien und Purgiernuss in Indien.
Beispiele für Biokraftstoffe sind Biodiesel, Bioalkohole (Bioethanol, Biomethanol, Biobutanol), Biogas, Synthesegas und feste Biokraftstoffe, wie etwa Holz, Holzkohle und Sägemehl. Die Entwicklung und Verwendung von Biokraftstoffen wurde von Brasilien, USA, Frankreich, Schweden und Deutschland stark gefördert.
## Verschiedene Biokraftstofftypen
Biokraftstoffe werden in drei Gruppen klassifiziert – erste Generation, zweite Generation und dritte Generation.
Biokraftstoffe aus der ersten Generation werden mittels konventionellen Technologien produziert und verwenden Zucker, Stärke, Pflanzenöl oder Tierfette als Quelle. Da das Rohmaterial ebenfalls Quelle für Nahrungsmittel ist, führte dies zu der Debatte “Nahrungsmittel vs. Kraftstoff” und ist ein großes Problem der ersten Generation von Biokraftstoffen.
Die Produktion von Biokraftstoffen der ersten Generation hat ihre Grenzen, da die Herstellung eine Gefahr für die Biodiversität und die Nahrungsversorgung darstellt. Um die steigende Nachfrage befriedigen zu können, wurden Biokraftstoffe der zweiten Generation entwickelt. Die Biokraftstoffe der zweiten Generation werden nicht aus Nahrungsmitteln hergestellt oder aus Pflanzenteilen, die nicht essbar sind und als Abfall gelten, z.B. Stängel, Hülsen, Holzspäne oder Fruchtschalen.
Nach Einschätzung von Experten bewirken Biokraftstoffe der zweiten Generation größere Einsparungen an Treibhausgasemissionen, als Biokraftstoffe der ersten Generation. Biokraftstoffe der zweiten Generation sind jedoch komplizierter zu produzieren, denn sie erfordern die Extraktion von Rohmaterial aus holziger oder faseriger Biomasse.
Die dritte Generation von Biokraftstoffen wird aus Algen gewonnen. Die Produktion von Kraftstoffen aus Algen erfordert die Fermentierung des Kohlenhydrats der Alge.
Biokraftstoffe der zweiten oder dritten Generation werden auch als fortgeschrittene Biokraftstoffe bezeichnet. Ein Beispiel für einen fortgeschrittenen Kraftstoff, der sich immer noch in der Entwicklung befindet, ist der [erneuerbare Diesel abgeleitet aus Hydrierung](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/erneuerbarer-diesel-hdrd.html "erneuerbare Diesel abgeleitet aus Hydrierung"). HDRD wird aus Tierfetten oder Pflanzenölen gewonnen, die von Ölraffinerien verfeinert wurden. Dieser Kraftstoff kann mit Erdöl vermischt werden.
## Biokraftstoffe und Kohlenstoff-neutrales CO2
Biokraftstoffe sind eine gute Alternative zu fossilen Kraftstoffen, weil sie während der Verbrennung [Kohlenstoff-neutrales Kohlendioxid](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "Kohlenstoff-neutrales Kohlendioxid") freisetzen. Kohlenstoff-neutrales CO2 hinterlässt keinen Kohlenstoff Fußabdruck, weil es keinen Einfluss auf die netto Kohlenstoff-Konzentration in der Biosphäre hat.
Biomasse setzt während der Verbrennung Kohlenstoffdioxid frei, das von Pflanzen absorbiert wird — die Quelle für Biomasse. Durch diesen Kreislauf, entfernen Pflanzen Kohlenstoff aus der Atmosphäre und dieser Kohlenstoff wird wieder an die Atmosphäre abgegeben, wenn die Pflanzen verbrannt werden. Dieser Ausgleich macht Biomasse Kohlenstoff-neutral.
Der US-Senat verabschiedete einen Gesetzentwurf, der die Bestimmung (RFS) enthält, die die Verwendung von ~1,9 Milliarden Liter Bioethanol in Benzin bis zum Jahre 2012 anordnet. Der gemischte Ausschuss für Steuerwesen hat hochgerechnet, dass diese Bestimmung den Steuerzahler $5 Milliarden über die nächsten zehn Jahre kosten wird. Die richtige Überwachung muss in Position gebracht werden, um überprüfen zu können, ob der ursprüngliche Sinn des Gesetzes (Bioethanol-Mandat) nicht zur Schau gestellt wird, insbesondere durch die Verwendung von importiertem Ethanol.
## Regulierungen und Leistungszuzahlungen
In den USA gibt es viele Anreize und Gesetze für die Verwendung von Biokraftstoffen auf Landes- und Bundesebene. Der Staat Washington verfügt allein über 4 Anreizprogramme und 13 Gesetze. B100 und Biodieselmischungen von B20 oder höher qualifizieren sich für alternative Kraftstoffgutschriften im Rahmen des Energy Policy Act von 1992. Die meisten Staaten bieten Steuererleichterungen und Abzüge für die Verwendung von Biokraftstoffen. Andere Länder, insbesondere in Europa, bieten auch ähnliche Anreize um die Verwendung von biobasierten Produkten wie z.B. Biokraftstoffen zu fördern.
**Weiterführende Literatur:**
[Bioäthanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/bioethanol.html)
[Biodiesel und Biomischungen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/biodiesel-biomischungen.html)
[Düsenbrenstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/flugzeug-biokraftstoffe.html)
[Erneuerbarer Diesel (HDRD)](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/erneuerbarer-diesel-hdrd.html)
[Biomassenbasierender Diesel](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/biomassen-basierend-diesel.html)
[Synthetisches Äthanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/synthetischer-ethanol.html)
[Bioäthanol vs Petroleum Äthanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/erdol-ethanol.html)
---
### [Testando a exatidão de misturas de biodiesel para varejo nos EUA](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/verificacao-de-exatidao.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Um estudo por Christopher Reddy, et al., utilizou a [datação por radiocarbono](https://www.radiocarbon.com/portugues/sobre-carbono-datacao.htm "datação por radiocarbono") para determinar as porcentagens de misturas em biodiesel para varejo nos EUA. A análise de mais de 20 misturas de biodiesel revelou que misturas dúbias são frequentes.
Reddy e companhia utilizaram um método validado, baseado em radiocarbono, para analisar uma variedade de biomisturas adquiridas em 2006 de estabelecimentos comerciais nos estados de Minnesota, Indiana, Massachusetts e Tennessee. Segundo seus resultados, apenas uma das 10 amostras de varejo passaram pelas especificações exigidas pelo Departamento da Defesa dos EUA para misturas contendo 20% biodiesel (misturas B20).
## Datação por radiocarbono para biodiesel
Segundo Reddy, a determinação por radiocarbono das misturas de biodiesel apresenta importantes vantagens sobre outros métodos existentes, inclusive sobre o método europeu EN 14078, que emprega a espectroscopia de infravermelho. Uma das vantagens é a exatidão. O estudo demonstrou uma exatidão de ±1% em toda a amplitude de mistura v/v (0–100%), e ao mesmo tempo considerou a variabilidade de situações reais em todos os parâmetros de entrada.
O estudo, Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends, foi publicado na revista *Environmental Science & Technology* em fevereiro de 2008.
---
### [Analisi dell’accuratezza delle miscele di biodiesel destinate al commercio al dettaglio negli Stati Uniti](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biocombustibili/controllo-accuratezza.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Uno studio di Christopher Reddy et al. ha impiegato [la datazione al radiocarbonio](https://www.radiocarbon.com/italiano/datazione-al-carbonio.htm "la datazione al radiocarbonio") per determinare la percentuale di miscelazione del biodiesel nelle miscele disponibili per la vendita al dettaglio negli Stati Uniti. Tale analisi di oltre 20 miscele di biodiesel ha rivelato che la miscelazione avviene frequentemente in modo non accurato.
Reddy e gli altri autori hanno utilizzato il proprio metodo convalidato basato sul radiocarbonio per analizzare diverse biomiscele acquisite nel 2006 presso rivenditori di Minnesota, Indiana, Massachusetts e Tennessee. Secondo i loro risultati, solo uno su 10 dei campioni destinati alla vendita soddisfa i requisiti del Dipartimento della Difesa degli USA per le miscele di biodiesel al 20% (miscele B20).
## Datazione al radiocarbonio del biodiesel
Secondo Reddy, la determinazione delle miscele di biodiesel attraverso la datazione al radiocarbonio presenta alcuni vantaggi significativi rispetto agli altri metodi, incluso lo standard europeo EN 14078 che utilizza la spettroscopia a infrarossi. Uno dei vantaggi è l’accuratezza. Lo studio ha determinato un’accuratezza del ±1% sull’intera gamma di miscelazioni v/v (0–100%), tenendo in considerazione la variabilità reale in tutti i parametri inseriti.
Lo studio, intitolato Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends, è stato pubblicato su *Environmental Science & Technology* a febbraio 2008.
---
### [Contrôle de l’exactitude des mélanges des biodiesel au détail aux Etats-Unis](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/controle-exactitude.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Une étude menée par Christopher Reddy et al. a utilisé la [datation au radiocarbone](https://www.radiocarbon.com/francais/a-propos-datation-carbone.htm "Basic Principles of Carbon Dating") pour déterminer les pourcentages de biodiesel composant les mélanges de biodiesel au détail aux Etats-Unis. L’analyse de plus de 20 mélanges de biodiesel a révélé que des mélanges inexacts arrivent fréquemment.
Reddy et ses collègues ont utilisé leur méthode validée basée sur le radiocarbone pour analyser une multitude de bio-mélanges obtenus auprès de détaillants dans le Minnesota, l’Indiana, le Massachusetts et le Tennessee. Selon leurs résultats, seulement un échantillon sur 10 aurait passé les spécifications que le Ministère de la défense américain exige pour les mélanges composés à 20% de biodiesel (mélanges B20).
## La datation radiocarbone du biodiesel
Selon Reddy, la détermination du mélange de biodiesel par le radiocarbone propose des avantages importants par rapport aux autres méthodes, y compris la méthode de la norme européenne EN 14078, qui utilise la spectroscopie infrarouge. Un des avantages est la précision. Leur étude démontre ±1% de précision sur l’ensemble de la gamme de mélange (0-100%) en tenant compte de la variabilité en condition réelle pour tous les paramètres utilisés.
L’étude “Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends” est parue dans *Environmental Science & Technology* en février 2008.
---
### [Verificando la exactitud de las mezclas de biodiesel minoristas en los Estados Unidos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/verificaciones-de-exactitud.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Un estudio de Christopher Reddy, et al, utilizó la [datación por radiocarbono](https://www.radiocarbon.com/espanol/sobre-carbono-datacion.htm "Basic Principles of Carbon Dating") para determinar los porcentajes de mezclado de biodiesel en mezclas de biodiesel minoristas en los Estados Unidos. Su análisis de más de 20 mezclas de biodiesel reveló que un mezclado incorrecto sucede con frecuencia.
Reddy y compañía usaron un método basado en radiocarbono validado para analizar una variedad de biomezclas compradas en 2006 a minoristas de Minnesota, Indiana, Massachusetts y Tennessee. Con base en sus resultados, sólo una de cada 10 muestras minoristas cumplió con las especificaciones que el Departamento de Defensa de los Estados Unidos exige para las mezclas que contienen 20% de biodiesel (mezclas B20).
## Datación por radiocarbono de biodiesel
De acuerdo con Reddy, la determinación de la mezcla de biodiesel a partir del radiocarbono tiene importantes ventajas sobre los métodos existentes, incluyendo el método europeo EN 14708, el cual emplea espectroscopia infrarroja. Una de las ventajas es la exactitud. El estudio de Reddy et al demostró una exactitud de ±1% en todo el rango de mezclado v/v (0-100%), tomando en cuenta la variabilidad en el mundo real en todos los parámetros introducidos.
Su estudio, Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends, fue publicado en la revista *Environmental Science & Technology* en febrero de 2008.
---
### [Die Genauigkeit von US-Biodieselgemischen überprüfen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/genauigkeit-uberprufung.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Eine Studie von Christopher Reddy, et al., verwendete die [Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung](https://www.radiocarbon.com/deutsch/uber-karbon-datierung.htm "Radiokohlenstoff- Datierung"), um die Zusammensetzung von Biodiesel-Gemischen in den USA zu überprüfen. Die Analyse von mehr als 20 Biodiesel-Gemischen ergab, dass eine ungenaue Vermischung häufig geschieht.
Im Jahre 2006 verwendete Reddy seine validierte Radiokohlenstoff-Methode für die Analyse zahlreicher Biogemische von Einzelhändlern in Minnesota, Indiana, Massachusetts und Tennessee. Die Ergebnisse ergaben, dass nur eine von 10 Proben die Spezifikationen des US-Verteidigungsministeriums für Gemische mit 20% Biodiesel (B20 Gemische) erfüllt.
## Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung Biodiesel
Laut Reddy verfügt die Messung von Biodiesel- Gemischen mittels Radiokohlenstoff über einige wichtige Vorteile gegenüber anderen Methoden, wie z.B. der Europäische Standard EN 14078, der u.a. Infrarot-Spektroskopie verwendet. Einer der Vorteile ist die Genauigkeit. Die Studie zeigte eine Genauigkeit von ± 1% über den gesamten v/v Mischungsbereich (0-100%), während gleichzeitig die reale Variabilität in allen Eingangsparametern berücksichtigt wird.
Diese Studie (Determination of Biodiesel Blending Percentages Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon Analysis: Testing the Accuracy of Retail Biodiesel Blends) erschien im Februar 2008 in *Environmental Science & Technology* in February 2008.
---
### [Measuring Biobased Content of Biopolymers](https://www.betalabservices.com/measuring-biobased-content-of-biopolymers.html)
**Published:** November 17, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Measuring the Biobased Content of Biopolymers](https://www.betalabservices.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/22668487-Measuring-the-Biobased-Content-of-Biopolymers.pdf "View Measuring the Biobased Content of Biopolymers")
*Updated November 17, 2009*
---
### [Quantifying Carbon-Neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/quantifying-carbon-neutral-co2.html)
**Published:** November 17, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Download](../../PDF/17092518-Beta-Analytic-Biogenic-CO2-Presentation-Toronto.pdf)
*Updated November 17, 2009*
---
### [Measuring Biobased Content of Bioplastics](https://www.betalabservices.com/measuring-biobased-content-of-plastics.html)
**Published:** November 17, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
[Download](../../PDF/22670098-Measuring-Biobased-Content-of-Bioplastics.pdf)
*Updated November 17, 2009*
---
### [Carbon-14, What is it and How is it Measured?](https://www.betalabservices.com/2011-nnfcc-conference.html)
**Published:** March 8, 2011
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Beta Analytic’s presentation at the March 1, 2011, conference of UK’s National Non-Food Crops Centre
---
### [No Access](https://www.betalabservices.com/no-access.html)
**Published:** June 26, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
---
### [Merci !](https://www.betalabservices.com/merci.html)
**Published:** June 22, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Merci !
#### Votre demande a bien été prise en compte et nous vous contacterons rapidement.
[Retour à l’accueil](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/index.html)
---
### [Vielen Dank!](https://www.betalabservices.com/thanks-de.html)
**Published:** June 22, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
# Vielen Dank!
#### Wir haben Ihre Anfrage erhalten und werden Sie umgehend kontaktieren.
[Zurück zur Homepage](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/index.html)
---
### [Cookie Policy](https://www.betalabservices.com/cookie-policy.html)
**Published:** June 12, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
This site uses cookies – small text files that are placed on your machine to help the site provide a better user experience. In general, cookies are used to retain user preferences, store information for things like shopping carts, and provide anonymised tracking data to third party applications like Google Analytics. As a rule, cookies will make your browsing experience better. However, you may prefer to disable cookies on this site and on others. The most effective way to do this is to disable cookies in your browser. We suggest consulting the Help section of your browser or taking a look at [the About Cookies website](http://www.aboutcookies.org) which offers guidance for all modern browsers
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### [Beta AnalyticのISO 17025認定書をダウンロードする](https://www.betalabservices.com/jp/download-beta-analytics-iso-17025-certificate.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
有難うございました！ ダウンロードは3秒以内に開始します。 開始しない場合は、ファイルのダウンロードに、この [リンク](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/ISO-17025-2017.pdf) をご使用ください。
---
### [Beta Analytics ISO 17025 Zertifikat herunterladen](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/download-beta-analytics-iso-17025-certificate.html)
**Published:** November 6, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Danke sehr! Das Herunterladen beginnt in 3 Sekunden. Sollte dies nicht der Fall sein, verwenden Sie bitte diesen [link](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/ISO-17025-2017.pdf), um die Datei herunter zu laden.
---
### [Scaricare il certificato ISO 17025 di Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/download-beta-analytics-iso-17025-certificate.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Grazie! Il download inizierà fra 3 secondi. In caso contrario, fare clic su questo [link](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/ISO-17025-2017.pdf) per scaricare il file.
---
### [Télécharger le certificat ISO 17025 de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/download-beta-analytics-iso-17025-certificate.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
Merci! Le téléchargement va débuter dans 3 secondes. Dans le cas contraire, utilisez ce [lien](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/ISO-17025-2017.pdf) pour télécharger le document.
---
### [Descargar el Certificado ISO 17025 de Beta Analytic](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/download-beta-analytics-iso-17025-certificate.html)
**Published:** November 16, 2017
**Author:** DPO
**Content:**
¡Gracias! La descarga comenzará en 3 segundos. Si no es así, utilice este [enlace](https://www.betalabservices.com/PDF/ISO-17025-2017.pdf) para descargar el archivo.
---
### [Biodiesel e biomisturas – combustíveis alternativos renováveis](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/biodiesel-biomisturas.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O biodiesel é um biocombustível produzido a partir de gordura animal, óleos vegetais ou gordura reciclada de restaurantes. Esse combustível líquido biodegradável é composto de ésteres alquílicos de ácidos graxos, ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos, ou de ésteres monoalquílicos de cadeia longa. As biomisturas são misturas de biodiesel e diesel à base de petróleo.
O biodiesel é considerado uma boa substituição para o diesel à base de petróleo para ser utilizado em motores de ignição por compressão porque ele emite menos gases prejudiciais e enxofre, quando queimado. O biodiesel também é consideravelmente mais seguro que sua versão de base fóssil, devido às suas qualidades atóxicas e menos combustíveis (ponto de inflamação mais alto). Apesar do biodiesel conter cerca de 8% menos energia por galão do que o diesel de petróleo, não há relatos de diferenças significantes no desempenho ou economia de combustível.
O Departamento de Energia dos EUA diz que há quantidades suficientes de óleo de soja virgem, gordura reciclada de restaurantes e outras matérias-primas para produzir aproximadamente 1,7 bilhões de galões de biodiesel por ano sob as políticas desenvolvidas para incentivar o uso do biodiesel no país.
## A produção de biodiesel
O biodiesel é produzido através da esterificação. Gorduras e óleos são misturados com álcool, normalmente metanol, para formar ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos com a presença de um catalisador, normalmente hidróxido de sódio. A glicerina é um subproduto da produção de biodiesel.
## Misturas de biodiesel
Nos Estados Unidos, é permitido misturar biodiesel com diesel derivado de petróleo em qualquer porcentagem. O biodiesel B100 é biodiesel puro, o B20 contém 20% de biodiesel e 80% de diesel de petróleo, e o B5 contém 5% de biodiesel e 95% de diesel de petróleo. A maioria dos usuários de biodiesel escolhem o B20 porque ele não apresenta os mesmos problemas de compatibilidade material e de desempenho em baixas temperaturas que o B100 apresenta.
As biomisturas também emitem menos gases de efeito estufa quando queimadas, em comparação com o diesel de petróleo. Segundo o Centro de Informação de Combustíveis Alternativos e Veículos Avançados do Departamento de Energia dos Estados Unidos, o uso do B100 reduz emissões de CO2 em mais de 75%, em comparação com o diesel de petróleo. O uso do B20 reduz as emissões de dióxido de carbono em 15%.
## Regulamentações e Incentivos nos EUA
Há muitos incentivos e leis para o uso de biodiesel e biomisturas em nível estatal e federal. O estado de Washington apresenta o maior número, com 4 programas de incentivos e 13 leis. A maioria dos estados oferece isenções e deduções de impostos para incentivar a população a usar biodiesel. O B100 e misturas de B20 ou mais podem receber créditos de combustíveis alternativos, segundo a Lei de Política de Energias de 1992.
---
### [Biodiesel y biomezclas – Combustibles renovables alternativos](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/biodiesel-biomezclas.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El biodiesel es un biocombustible producido a partir de grasa animal, aceites vegetales o grasas para freír recicladas. Este combustible líquido biodegradable se compone de ésteres alquílicos de ácidos grasos, ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos, o ésteres monoalquílicos de cadenas largas. Las biomezclas son mezclas de biodiesel y diésel elaborado a partir de petróleo.
El biodiesel es considerado un buen reemplazo del diésel elaborado a partir de petróleo para su uso en motores de encendido por compresión, ya que emite menos gases dañinos y sulfuro cuando se quema. El biodiesel también es considerado más seguro que su contraparte de origen fósil debido a que no es tóxico y es menos inflamable (tiene un punto de ignición más alto). Aunque el biodiesel contiene aproximadamente 8% menos energía por galón que el diésel de petróleo, no se ha reportado una diferencia significativa en el desempeño o el ahorro de combustible.
El Departamento de Energía de los Estados Unidos dice que existe suficiente suministro de aceite de soja virgen, grasas para freír recicladas y otras materias primas para producir alrededor de 1.7 billones de galones de biodiesel por año conforme a las políticas diseñadas para estimular el uso del biodiesel en el país.
## Producción de biodiesel
El biodiesel se produce por medio de la esterificación. Las grasas y los aceites se mezclan con un alcohol, usualmente metanol, para formar ésteres metílicos de ácidos grados en la presencia de un catalizador, usualmente hidróxido de sodio. La glicerina es un subproducto de la producción de biodiesel.
## Mezclas de biodiesel
En los Estados Unidos, es legal mezclar el biodiesel con el diésel elaborado a partir de petróleo en cualquier porcentaje. El biodiesel B100 es biodiesel puro, el B20 contiene 20% de biodiesel y 80% de diésel de petróleo, y el B5 contiene 5% de biodiesel y 95% de diésel de petróleo. La mayoría de los usuarios de biodiesel eligen el B20 porque no presenta los mismos problemas de desempeño en clima frío y de compatibilidad de materiales que tiene el B100.
Las biomezclas también emiten menos gases de efecto invernadero cuando se queman en comparación con el diésel de petróleo. De acuerdo con el Centro de Información de Combustibles Alternativos y Vehículos Avanzados del Departamento de Energía de los Estados Unidos, el uso de B100 reduce las emisiones de CO2 en más de 75% en comparación con el diésel de petróleo. El uso de B20 reduce las emisiones de dióxido de carbono en un 15%.
## Regulaciones e incentivos en los Estados Unidos
Hay muchos incentivos y leyes para el uso de biodiesel y biomezclas a nivel estatal y federal. Tan solo el estado de Washington cuenta con 4 programas de incentivos y 13 leyes. La mayoría de los estados ofrecen exenciones y deducciones de impuestos por el uso de biodiesel. El B100 y las mezclas de B20 o más son elegibles para obtener créditos por el uso de combustibles alternativos conforme a la Ley de Política Energética de 1992.
---
### [Biodiesel und Biomischungen – Erneuerbare Alternative Kraftstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/biodiesel-biomischungen.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Biodiesel ist ein Biokraftstoff, der aus Tierfett oder Pflanzenfett produziert wird. Dieser flüssige und biologisch abbaubare Kraftstoff besteht aus Fettsäurealkylestern, Methylfettsäureestern oder langkettigen Mono-Alkylestern. Biomischungen sind Mixturen, die sich aus Biodiesel und erdölbasiertem Diesel zusammensetzen.
Biodiesel gilt als Alternative zu erdölbasiertem Diesel und kann sehr gut für Dieselmotoren verwendet werden, weil Biodiesel weniger Schwefel und Schadgase während der Verbrennung freisetzt. Biodiesel ist außerdem wesentlich sicherer als fossiler Diesel, da er nicht giftig ist und einen höheren Siedepunkt besitzt. Auch wenn Biodiesel ca. 8% weniger Energie pro Liter enthält als erdölbasierter Diesel, wurde dennoch kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Leistung und dem Verbrauch berichtet.
Das U.S. Department of Energy berechnete, dass der Vorrat an Sojaöl, recycelten Restaurantfetten und anderen Rohstoffen ausreicht um jährlich ca. 6,43 Mrd. Liter Biodiesel herstellen zu können.
## Biodiesel Produktion
Biodiesel wird mittels Veresterung produziert. Fette und Öle werden mit Alkohol vermischt (normalerweise Methanol), um Fettsäuremethylester in Gegenwart eines Katalysators (normalerweise Natriumhydroxid) zu formen. Glycerin entsteht als Nebenprodukt während der Biodieselproduktion.
## Biodiesel Mischungen
In den USA ist es legal Biodiesel in jedem Verhältnis mit erdölbasiertem Diesel zu vermischen. B100 Biodiesel ist reiner Biodiesel, B20 enthält 20% Biodiesel und 80% Erdöldiesel und B5 enthält 5% Biodiesel und 95% Erdöldiesel. Die meisten Nutzer von Biodiesel wählen B20, weil es nicht die gleichen Schwierigkeiten mit der Leistung bei Kaltwetter oder Materialinkompatibilität aufweist wie B100.
Biogemische setzen außerdem weniger Treibhausgase während der Verbrennung frei, als erdölbasierter Diesel. Nach Angaben des U.S. Department of Energy-Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center, reduziert B100 die CO2-Emissionen um mehr als 75% im Vergleich zu Diesel aus Erdöl. B20 verringert die Kohlendioxid-Emissionen um 15%.
## US Vorschriften und Anreize
Es gibt viele Anreize und Gesetze, die für die Verwendung von Biodiesel und Biogemische auf Landes- und Bundesebene gelten. Der Bundesstaat Washington verfügt über 4 Anreizprogramme und 13 Gesetze. Die meisten Bundesstaaten bieten Steuererleichterungen und Abzüge, um die Menschen zu ermutigen, Biodiesel zu verwenden. B100 und Mischungen von B20 oder höher qualifizieren sich für alternative Kraftstoff-Gutschriften im Rahmen des Energy Policy Act von 1992.
---
### [Por que verificar o bioetanol?](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/verificacao-bioetanol.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
O etanol é facilmente produzido por hidrólise de etileno, um importante petroquímico. Anualmente, são produzidas duas milhões de toneladas de etanol derivado de petróleo. Os principais fornecedores de etanol são a África do Sul e a Arábia Saudita, mas também existem grandes usinas nos Estados Unidos, Europa e Japão. O etanol derivado de petróleo (etanol sintético) é amplamente utilizado como solvente industrial, além de ter uma considerável variedade de outras aplicações.
Identificar a origem do etanol serve quatro importantes propósitos:
1. Proteger os interesses de produtores de biomassa e empresários que investem na produção de bioetanol.
2. Garantir que o etanol importado declarado como bioetanol parte de uma fundamentação correta e honesta.
3. Impedir fraudes ou outras representações desonestas do etanol como bioetanol, visando obter créditos fiscais.
4. Proporcionar um único número de referência (utilizando a [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")) a ser incluído às exigências contábeis relacionadas aos créditos fiscais, distribuição, utilização e consumo de bioetanol.
Os créditos fiscais atribuídos ao etanol na gasolina (Lei de políticas de energia H.R.6, de 2005) se aplicam ao bioetanol, e não ao etanol derivado de petróleo. A emissão desses créditos fiscais exigirá uma certificação de que o etanol origina de fontes renováveis. A análise científica reconhecida é a ASTM D6866, que faz a distinção inequívoca e quantitativa entre materiais derivados de combustíveis fósseis e materiais derivados de biomassa contemporânea.
## O método ASTM D6866 para a verificação de bioetanol
A ASTM D6866 protege os interesses de investidores e produtores de biomassa que investem na produção de bioetanol. O método é utilizado rotineiramente pela USDA na identificação de produtos de base biológica, e é aplicado sem modificações na identificação e quantificação de bioetanol.
Os importantes créditos fiscais pelo bioetanol na gasolina incitam alguns indivíduos inescrupulosos a utilizarem o etanol sintético. Antecipa-se que a ocorrência mais comum é a diluição de bioetanol com etanol sintético. A ASTM D6866 é uma técnica quantitativa capaz de apontar claramente qualquer diluição significante.
A ASTM D6866 protege a indústria de bioetanol porque ela restringe essa fraude. Uma certificação ASTM D6866 é a condição necessária para cada lote de bioetanol apresentado para créditos fiscais.
A ASTM D6866 utiliza a técnica de datação por radiocarbono. A biomassa possui carbono 14, enquanto materiais fósseis não mais apresentam esse isótopo levemente radioativo. Medir as concentrações de carbono 14 em uma amostra de etanol mostrará se o etanol foi fabricado a partir de materiais renováveis ou fósseis. Também antecipa-se que, em alguns casos, haverá uma mistura de bioetanol e etanol sintético.
Em amostras com ambos os tipos de etanol, a ASTM D6866 determinará quantitativamente a porcentagem de bioetanol, para que o crédito fiscal apropriado seja concedido. Da mesma forma, a ASTM D6866 é uma análise aplicável para gasolina a granel contendo concentrações variadas de bioetanol. A análise indicará a quantidade de material renovável no total do líquido. No entanto, é necessário certificar-se de que a gasolina está bem misturada para que uma pequena amostra retirada seja representativa de todo o tanque de armazenamento. Isso é sempre importante no que diz respeito a análises de materiais a granel.
A análise ASTM D6866 não só mede o teor de carbono 14 da amostra de etanol, mas também de carbono 13, o isótopo de carbono mais estável. A medição de carbono 13 é parte integral da datação por radiocarbono. Ela é também, em alguns casos, uma forma de verificar a fonte da biomassa utilizada na produção do etanol. Entretanto, o carbono 13 não é adequado para determinar de forma precisa o teor de materiais renováveis em relação aos fósseis, em misturas.
Por exemplo, apesar de o petróleo e o milho terem concentrações diferentes de carbono 13, o carbono 13 de outros materiais de biomassa apresentam valores bastante variáveis. Alguns materiais adequados para a produção de bioetanol, como a beterraba, a batata doce, a uva e outras frutas, possuem valores de carbono 13 que são geralmente indistinguíveis dos valores do petróleo. A consequência disso é resultados ambíguos em análises de carbono 13, no caso de diluições de bioetanol com dez ou vinte por cento de etanol sintético. Por outro lado, a análise com datação por radiocarbono é capaz de mostrar essa diluição de forma clara.
Para mais detalhes sobre o processo de datação por radiocarbono, consulte [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
---
### [Pourquoi vérifier le bioéthanol?](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/bioethanol-verification.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
L’éthanol est facilement fabriqué par hydrolyse de l’éthylène, un produit pétrochimique majeur. Deux millions de tonnes d’éthanol dérivé de pétrole sont produits chaque année. Les principaux fournisseurs d’éthanol sont l’Afrique du Sud et l’Arabie Saoudite, mais il y a également de grandes usines de production aux Etats-Unis, en Europe et au Japon. L’éthanol dérivé du pétrole (éthanol synthétique) est un solvant industriel largement utilisé qui a des applications très variées.
Identifier l’origine de l’éthanol peut avoir plusieurs intérêts :
1. Il protège les intérêts des producteurs de biomasse et les investisseurs en bioéthanol
2. Il procure un moyen de contrôle de l’exactitude de l’éthanol importé se réclamant du bioéthanol
3. Il permet de détecter les fraudes ou toute autre représentation malhonnête du bioéthanol à des fins de crédits d’impôts
4. Il donne une référence unique (utilisant [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")) à ajouter à la liste des exigences en matière de déclaration pour les crédits d’impôts, la distribution, l’utilisation et la consommation de bioéthanol.
Les crédits d’impôts pour l’éthanol dans les carburants (Loi sur la politique énergétique – Energy Policy Act de 2005 H.R.6) s’appliquent aux bioéthanols et non aux éthanols dérivés du pétrole. La validation de ces crédits d’impôts nécessite une certification prouvant que l’éthanol provient de sources renouvelables. Le test scientifique reconnu est l’ASTM D6866, qui distingue sans ambiguïté et quantitativement les matériaux produits à partir de carburants fossiles comme le pétrole, et ceux produits par de la biomasse moderne.
## L’ASTM D6866 pour la vérification du bioéthanol
L’ASTM D6866 protège les intérêts des investisseurs et producteurs de biomasse investissant dans la production de bioéthanol. La méthode est utilisée par l’USDA (Ministère de l’Agriculture des Etats-Unis) pour l’identification des produits biosourcés et s’applique sans modification pour l’identification et la quantification du bioéthanol.
Les crédits d’impôts conséquents destinés au bioéthanol contenu dans les carburants représentent une tentation pour des individus peu scrupuleux de produire des éthanols synthétiques. Le cas le plus répandu est la dilution du bioéthanol avec de l’éthanol synthétique. L’ASTM D6866 est une technique quantitative qui met en évidence toute dilution significative.
L’ASTM D6866 va protéger l’industrie du bioéthanol en décourageant ces fraudes. Une certification ASTM D6866 est une condition nécessaire pour chaque lot de bioéthanol soumis pour ces crédits d’impôts.
L’ASTM D6866 utilise la technique de la datation au radiocarbone. La biomasse comporte du carbone 14 alors que les matériaux fossiles n’en contiennent plus. La mesure des concentrations en carbone 14 dans un échantillon d’éthanol montrera s’il a été produit à partir de matériaux renouvelables ou fossiles. Un autre cas de fraude répandu est un mélange de bioéthanol et d’éthanol synthétique.
Dans les échantillons comprenant les 2 types d’éthanol, l’ASTM D6866 peut déterminer quantitativement le pourcentage de bioéthanol afin que le crédit d’impôt approprié soit donné. Également, l’ASTM D6866 est applicable à l’essence en vrac qui contient des concentrations variées en bioéthanol. Le test indique la quantité de composant renouvelable dans le liquide total. Cependant, il est nécessaire que le carburant soit bien mélangé afin que le petit échantillon prélevé pour l’analyse soit représentatif de l’ensemble de la citerne de stockage. C’est un point important pour le test de matériaux en vrac.
L’analyse ASTM D6866 ne mesure pas uniquement la teneur en carbone 14 dans les échantillons d’éthanol, mais également la teneur en carbone 13, l’isotope le plus stable du carbone. La mesure du carbone 13 fait partie intégrante de la datation au radiocarbone. C’est aussi, dans quelques cas, un moyen de vérifier la source de la biomasse utilisée pour la production d’éthanol. Toutefois, le carbone 13 n’est pas adapté pour déterminer précisément la teneur en matériaux renouvelables par rapport aux matériaux fossiles dans un mélange.
Même si le maïs et le pétrole, par exemple, ont des concentration différentes en carbone 13, d’autres matériaux de la biomasse ont des teneurs en carbone 13 assez variables. Certains matériaux pouvant servir à la production de bioéthanol comme la betterave sucrière, la patate douce, le raisin et d’autres fruits ont une teneur en carbone 13 généralement indifférenciable de celle du pétrole. Les analyses carbone 13 donneraient des résultats ambigus dans le cas de dilution de bioéthanol avec dix ou vingt pour cent d’éthanol synthétique. D’un autre côté, l’analyse par datation au radiocarbone montrerait clairement cette dilution.
Vous trouverez plus de détails sur le processus de datation radiocarbone sur la page de l’[ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
---
### [¿Por qué verificar el bioetanol?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/verificar-bioetanol.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
El etanol se elabora fácilmente a partir de la hidrólisis del etileno, un importante petroquímico. Dos millones de toneladas de etanol derivado del petróleo se producen anualmente. Los principales proveedores son Sudáfrica y Arabia Saudita, pero también existen grandes plantas en los Estados Unidos, Europa y Japón. El etanol derivado del petróleo (etanol sintético) es un solvente industrial ampliamente usado y tiene una variedad considerable de aplicaciones alternas.
Identificar el origen del etanol tiene cuatro importantes propósitos:
1. Protege los intereses de los productores de biomasa y empresarios que invierten en la producción de bioetanol.
2. Asegura que el etanol importado declarado como bioetanol tiene una fundamentación correcta y honesta.
3. Impide fraudes o clasificaciones deshonestas del etanol como bioetanol con el propósito de obtener créditos fiscales.
4. Proporciona un número de referencia único (usando el método [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")) que se añade a los requerimientos de verificación asociados con créditos fiscales, distribución, utilización y consumo de bioetanol.
Los créditos fiscales para el uso del etanol en la gasolina (Ley de Política Energética de 2005, H.R.6) se aplican al “bioetanol” o “etanol renovable” y no al etanol derivado del petróleo. La emisión de estos créditos fiscales tendrá que requerir una certificación de que el etanol fue obtenido de fuentes renovables. La prueba reconocida científicamente para esta validación es el método ASTM D6866. Esta prueba distingue inequívoca y cuantitativamente entre materiales producidos a partir de combustibles fósiles como el petróleo, y aquellos producidos a partir de biomasa contemporánea.
## El método ASTM D6866 para la verificación del bioetanol
El método ASTM D6866 protege los intereses de empresarios y productores de biomasa que invierten en la producción de bioetanol. El método es utilizado de manera regular por la USDA para identificar productos de origen biológico y se aplica sin modificación para la identificación y cuantificación del bioetanol.
Los importantes créditos fiscales para el uso de bioetanol en la gasolina proveerán una tentación a individuos sin escrúpulos para utilizar etanol sintético (de petróleo). Puede anticiparse que la ocurrencia más común será la dilución de bioetanol con etanol sintético. El método ASTM D6866 es una técnica cuantitativa que permitirá identificar claramente cualquier dilución significativa.
El estándar ASTM D6866 protegerá a la industria de materiales de origen biológico desalentando estos engaños. Contar con una certificación conforme al estándar ASTM D6866 debería ser una condición necesaria para cada lote de bioetanol que sea presentado para obtener un crédito fiscal.
El método ASTM D6866 emplea la técnica de la datación por radiocarbono. La biomasa contiene carbono 14, mientras que los materiales fósiles ya no tienen nada de este isótopo de carbono débilmente radioactivo. Medir las concentraciones de carbono 14 en una muestra de etanol demostrará si el mismo fue fabricado a partir de materiales renovables o a partir de materiales fósiles. Puede anticiparse que en algunos casos habrá una mezcla de bioetanol y etanol sintético.
En muestras con ambos tipos de etanol, el método ASTM D6866 determinará de manera cuantitativa el porcentaje de bioetanol a fin de que se otorgue el crédito fiscal apropiado. Igualmente, el método ASTM D6866 sería una prueba aplicable a la gasolina a granel que contenga concentraciones variadas de bioetanol. La prueba indicaría la cantidad de material renovable en el líquido total. Sin embargo, debe asegurarse que la gasolina esté bien mezclada a fin de que la pequeña muestra que sea tomada sea representativa del tanque de almacenamiento completo. Éste es siempre un tema de preocupación en el análisis de materiales a granel.
El análisis conforme al estándar ASTM D6866 no sólo mide el contenido de carbono 14 de las muestras de etanol, sino también el carbono 13, el isótopo de carbono más estable. La medición del carbono 13 es una parte fundamental de la datación por radiocarbono. Es también, en algunos casos, un medio para verificar la fuente de la biomasa usada en la producción de etanol. El carbono 13 por sí mismo no es adecuado para determinar en forma precisa el contenido de material renovable y fósil en las mezclas.
Aunque el petróleo y el maíz, por ejemplo, tienen diferentes concentraciones de carbono 13, el carbono 13 natural que se encuentra en otros materiales de biomasas tiene valores muy variables. Algunos materiales adecuados para la producción de bioetanol – por ejemplo, la remolacha, la batata, las uvas y otras frutas – presentan valores de carbono 13 generalmente indistinguibles de los encontrados en el petróleo. Esto resultaría en análisis de carbono 13 que arrojarían resultados ambiguos en el caso de diluciones de bioetanol con 10 o 20 por ciento de etanol sintético. Por otro lado, el análisis de la datación por radiocarbono mostraría claramente esta dilución.
Para mayores detalles sobre el proceso de datación por radiocarbono, consulte el estándar [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
---
### [Warum Bioethanol verifizieren?](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/bio-ethanol-verifizierung.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Ethanol kann sehr leicht durch die Hydrolyse von Ethylen (bedeutende Erdölchemikalie) hergestellt werden. Zwei Millionen Tonnen Ethanol werden jährlich aus Erdöl hergestellt. Die größten Ethanol Lieferanten sind Südafrika und Saudi Arabien, aber es gibt auch große Anlagen in den USA, Europa und Japan. Ethanol aus Erdöl (synthetisches Ethanol) wird häufig als industrielles Lösemittel eingesetzt, es gibt allerdings auch eine beträchtliche Vielfalt von anderen Anwendungen.
Die Herkunft von Ethanol zu identifizieren dient den folgenden vier Punkten:
1. Es schützt die Interessen der Biomasseproduzenten und die Interessen der Investoren, die in die Produktion von Bioethanol investieren.
2. Die Prüfung garantiert, dass importiertes Ethanol, auch tatsächlich korrekt als Bioethanol gekennzeichnet ist.
3. Es schreckt möglichen Betrug ab, der die unehrliche Darstellung von Ethanol als Bioethanol für Steuererleichterungen nutzt.
4. Die Analyse stellt eine Referenznummer bereit (mittels [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "Measuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866")), die im Zusammenhang mit Steuererleichterungen, Vertrieb, Nutzung und Verbrauch von Bioethanol verwendet werden kann.
Die Steuererleichterungen für Ethanol in Benzin (Energy Policy Act of 2005 H.R.6) sind nur für Bioethanol gedacht und nicht für Ethanol aus Erdöl. Für die Ausgabe dieser Steuergutschriften ist eine Zertifizierung erforderlich, die bestätigt, dass das Ethanol aus erneuerbaren Quellen stammt. ASTM D6866 ist hierfür die wissenschaftlich anerkannte Methode, die eindeutig zwischen Materialien unterscheiden kann, die aus fossilen Kraftstoffen (Erdöl) produziert wurden und jenen, die aus Biomasse stammen.
## ASTM D6866 für die Bioethanol Verifizierung
ASTM D6866 schützt die Interessen der Anleger und Biomasseproduzenten, die in die Produktion von Bioethanol investieren. Die Methode wird routinemäßig von der USDA für das Identifizieren von biobasierten Produkten verwendet und sie wird auf die gleiche Weise für die Identifikation und Quantifizierung von Bioethanol verwendet.
Die wichtigen Steuergutschriften für Bioethanol in Benzin stellen eine große Versuchung für skrupellose Individuen dar, die synthetisches Ethanol unterbreiten. Es wird angenommen, dass die Verdünnung von Bioethanol mit synthetischem Ethanol am häufigsten auftritt. ASTM D6866 ist eine quantitative Methode, die ganz klar jegliche Verdünnung anzeigen kann.
ASTM D6866 kann auf diese Weise die Bioethanol Industrie vor Betrug schützen. Eine ASTM D6866 Zertifikation sollte für jede Lieferung von Bioethanol erforderlich sein, um Steuergutschriften erhalten zu können.
ASTM D6866 verwendet die Technik der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung. Biomasse besitzt Kohlenstoff-14, wohingegen fossile Materialien über dieses leicht radioaktive Isotop nicht mehr verfügen. Die Messung der Kohlenstoff-14 Konzentration in einer Ethanolprobe gibt Aufschluss darüber, ob das Ethanol aus erneuerbaren oder fossilen Materialien hergestellt wurde. Man nimmt außerdem an, dass in einigen Fällen ein Gemisch aus Bioethanol und synthetischem Ethanol verwendet wird.
Für Proben, die beide Arten Ethanol enthalten, kann ASTM D6866 den quantitativen Prozentanteil von Bioethanol bestimmen, sodass die entsprechende Steuergutschrift gewährt werden kann. Ebenso wäre eine ASTM D6866 Prüfung anwendbar auf Benzin, das unterschiedliche Konzentrationen an Bioethanol enthält. Die Prüfung würde die Menge an nachwachsenden Rohstoffen in der gesamten Flüssigkeit anzeigen. Man muss jedoch sicher sein, dass das Benzin gut gemischt ist, damit die sehr kleine Teilprobe repräsentativ für den gesamten Behälter ist. Dies ist immer ein wichtiges Anliegen, wenn es um die Prüfung von großen Mengen geht.
Die ASTM D6866 Analyse misst nicht nur den Kohlenstoff-14 Gehalt in Ethanolproben, sondern auch das stabilere Kohlenstoff Isotop Kohlenstoff-13. Die Messung von Kohlenstoff-13 ist ein integraler Teil der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung. In einigen Fällen ist es auch ein Mittel, um die Quelle, der für die Ethanolproduktion verwendeten Biomasse zu verifizieren. Kohlenstoff-13 ist allerdings nicht brauchbar für die genaue Bestimmung des erneuerbaren oder fossilen Gehalts in Gemischen.
Obwohl die Kohlenstoff-13 Konzentrationen von z.B. Erdöl und Mais verschieden sind, weisen andere Materialien aus Biomasse Kohlenstoff-13 Werte auf, die sehr variabel sind. Einige Materialien, die sich für die Produktion von Bioethanol eignen, wie Zuckerrüben, Süßkartoffeln, Trauben und andere Früchte, haben Kohlenstoff-13-Werte, die von Erdöl im Allgemeinen nicht zu unterscheiden sind. Die Kohlenstoff-13 Analysen dieser Materialien würden zu doppeldeutigen Ergebnissen führen, wenn Bioethanol etwa mit 10% oder 20% synthetischem Ethanol verdünnt würde. Auf der anderen Seite würde die Radiokohlenstoff-Analyse diese Verdünnung deutlich anzeigen.
Weitere Details über den Prozess der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung finden Sie hier [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "easuring Biobased Carbon Content of Fuels through ASTM D6866").
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### [Etanol sintético: Tendências e fornecimento em nível global](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/etanol-sintetico.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Tendência global para bioetanol e etanol sintético – fusão de produtores*
O produtor global de etanol Tereos Group adquiriu o SODES, um produtor de etanol sintético, através de seu subsidiário Bio-ethanol Nord Picardie. O fabricante de etanol sintético utiliza etileno, um subproduto do petróleo, para produzir etanol. A empresa pretende expandir sua usina para processar bioetanol, que é química e fisicamente indistinguível do etanol sintético produzido na mesma usina.
O NCP Alcohols, o maior produtor de etanol da África (67% de toda a produção para exportação), adquiriu o AlcoGroup, que produz etanol sintético e alcoóis para combustíveis e materiais de uso industrial. O AlcoGroup participou ativamente no comércio global de etanol.
A firma global de químicos, INEOS Enterprises (o maior produtor de etanol sintético do mundo), iniciou a construção de uma nova usina de biocombustíveis no Reino Unido. Essa usina será erguida na área do INEOS Refining, que produz 300,000 toneladas de etanol sintético a partir de etileno.
## O que isso significa?
O mercado de biocombustíveis não exige produtos de alta pureza, em comparação com muitos outros mercados tradicionais. Isso significa que, para o produtor que serve tanto ao mercado de combustíveis quanto ao tradicional, o mercado de combustíveis proporciona um nicho para o etanol sintético, que seria fora de classificação para aplicações tradicionais não relacionadas a combustíveis. Isso gera economia no reprocessamento de etanol sintético para o mercado de combustíveis.
## A efetividade e uso do etanol sintético como combustível
Comparou-se o efeito do etanol sintético na resposta de octanagem e desempenho combustível de misturas de combustíveis com o efeito do etanol fermentado com pureza de 99,9%, originário da Califórnia. Concluiu-se que o etanol sintético produzido do carvão compara-se favoravelmente em relação ao bioetanol, e é portanto uma alternativa possível para o álcool fermentado utilizado em outras partes do mundo.1
O etanol sintético derivado do carvão está atualmente sendo utilizado na África do Sul, em uma mistura de 12% com gasolina.
Há uma tendência mundial vinda de nações consumidoras de etanol, como o Brasil e a África do Sul, do uso de etanol sintético para preencher lacunas no fornecimento em períodos de crescimento acelerado ou quedas no fornecimento interno. O Brasil, com seu mercado de etanol amadurecido, abertamente importou etanol sintético como combustível até que o fornecimento tradicional se restabeleceu, há poucos anos.
## Fornecimento de etanol sintético
O etanol sintético é facilmente sintetizado a partir de gás natural, carvão e etileno, um subproduto do petróleo. O etanol sintetizado a partir do carvão custa metade do que aquele sintetizado a partir da cana de açúcar (CARENSA 1/30/2003-2/5/2003 África do Sul).
A produção de etanol a partir do etileno de petróleo é um processo simples, de uma única etapa. O aumento dramático no preço do etanol (que chegou a $4,00 por galão em 2006) provavelmente motivou os fabricantes de produtos de petróleo a trocarem para outros usos do etileno, principalmente da fabricação de plásticos de baixo custo para o etanol mais valorizado.
A SABIC, da Arábia Saudita, exporta exclusivamente etanol sintético produzido do etileno. Entre 1999 e 2003, a empresa foi a maior exportadora de etanol para os Estados Unidos.
Segundo a Comissão de Comércio Internacional dos Estados Unidos (United States International Trade Commission), em 2005, as importações dos países que integram a Iniciativa da Bacia do Caribe (CBI – Caribbean Basin Initiative), que são isentos de impostos e recebem incentivos fiscais, novamente representaram mais do que a metade de todas as importações de bioetanol. Esse etanol não é testado por seu teor de etanol sintético.
Entre os países que se mostraram cientes e envolvidos com essa questão estão:
- Nova Zelândia
- Holanda
- Reino Unido
- Austrália
- África do Sul
- União Europeia
O senado dos Estados Unidos aprovou um projeto de lei que contém uma provisão (RFS) que obrigaria o uso de bioetanol na gasolina em até 5 bilhões de galões para o ano de 2012. O Comitê Conjunto de Tributação (Joint Committee on Taxation) estima que essa provisão custará aos contribuintes $5 bilhões durante o curso dos próximos dez anos. Será necessário realizar um monitoramento para garantir que a intenção da lei (o mandato de bioetanol), e não apenas sua interpretação literal, seja levada com seriedade, especialmente com o uso de etanol importado.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Apresentação no XIV Simpósio Internacional de Combustíveis de Álcool, Phuket, Novembro de 2002.
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### [Ethanol synthétique : tendances mondiales et approvisionnement](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/ethanol-synthetique.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Tendance mondiale pour le bioéthanol et éthanol synthétique – Fusion des producteurs*
Le producteur mondial d’éthanol Tereos a acheté SODES, un producteur d’éthanol synthétique, à travers sa filiale bioéthanol basée en Nord Picardie. L’usine d’éthanol synthétique utilise de l’éthylène, un sous-produit du pétrole, pour produire de l’éthanol. L’entreprise prévoit de développer cette usine pour traiter du bioéthanol, qui est chimiquement et physiquement impossible à différencier de l’éthanol synthétique produit dans la même usine.
NCP Alcohols, le plus grand producteur d’éthanol en Afrique (67% de toute la production exportée), a acheté AlcoGroup, qui produit de l’éthanol synthétique et des alcools fermentés destinés à une utilisation industrielle et pour des carburants. AlcoGroup est un participant actif dans le commerce mondial de l’éthanol.
L’entreprise chimique mondiale INEOS (le plus grand producteur d’éthanol synthétique au monde) a entamé la construction d’une nouvelle usine de biocarburants au Royaume-Uni. Cette usine sera construite sur le site de raffinage d’INEOS qui produit 300 000 tonnes d’éthanol synthétique à partir d’éthylène.
## Qu’est-ce que cela signifie?
Le marché des biocarburants ne nécessite pas une pureté de produit élevée si l’on compare à la plupart des marchés traditionnels. Cela veut dire que, pour un producteur qui approvisionne à la fois le marché des carburants et le marché traditionnel, le marché des carburants offre une garantie de débouché pour l’éthanol synthétique qui ne répondrait pas aux spécifications techniques pour les applications traditionnelles autres que le carburant. Cela permet de faire l’économie des coûts de retraitement de l’éthanol synthétique pour le marché des carburants.
## Efficacité et utilisation de l’éthanol synthétique comme carburant
L’effet de l’éthanol synthétique sur le facteur de réponse de l’octane et la performance des carburants mélangés a été comparé à celui de l’éthanol fermenté à 99,9% de pureté en provenance de Californie. Il en a été conclu que l’éthanol synthétique produit à partir de charbon est très proche du bioéthanol et représente donc une bonne alternative à l’alcool fermenté qui est utilisé ailleurs dans le monde.1
L’éthanol synthétique dérivé du charbon est actuellement utilisé en Afrique du Sud mélangé à 12% avec de l’essence.
On observe à l’échelle mondiale une tendance dans les pays consommateurs d’éthanol tels que le Brésil ou l’Afrique du Sud qui consiste à utiliser de l’éthanol synthétique pour combler les manques d’approvisionnement au cours de périodes de croissance rapide ou de creux dans l’approvisionnement national. Le Brésil, avec son marché de l’éthanol bien développé, importait ouvertement de l’éthanol synthétique comme carburant jusqu’à ces dernières années, lorsque le marché traditionnel a repris.
## Approvisionnement de l’éthanol synthétique
L’éthanol synthétique est facilement synthétisé à partir de gaz naturel, de charbon et d’éthylène, un sous-produit du pétrole. L’éthanol synthétique issu du charbon représente la moitié du coût de l’éthanol issu de la canne (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 Afrique du Sud).
La production d’éthanol à partir d’éthylène est un processus simple à une seule étape. L’augmentation spectaculaire des prix de l’éthanol (un point jusqu’à $4 par gallon en 2006) a probablement encouragé les fabricants de pétrole à utiliser d’autres éthylènes, principalement issus de plastiques à moindre coût.
SABIC (Arabie Saoudite) exporte exclusivement de l’éthanol synthétique produit à partir d’éthylène. Entre 1999 et 2003, l’entreprise était le plus grand exportateur d’éthanol vers les Etats-Unis.
Selon la Commission internationale du commerce des Etats-Unis (United States International Trade Commission), en 2005 les importations de l’Initiative pour le bassin des Caraïbes (CBI, Caribbean Basin Initiative), qui sont libres de droits de douane et reçoivent des incitations fiscales, représentaient encore plus de la moitié de toutes les importations de bioéthanol. La teneur en éthanol synthétique n’est pas vérifiée dans cet éthanol.
Les pays sensibilisés à ce problème sont les suivants :
- Nouvelle-Zélande
- Pays-Bas
- Royaume-Uni
- Australie
- Afrique du Sud
- Union européenne
Le Sénat américain a adopté une loi en matière d’énergie qui comprend une disposition (RFS) qui rendrait obligatoire l’utilisation de bioéthanol dans l’essence jusqu’à 5 milliards de gallons d’ici 2012. Le Comité mixte sur le droit fiscal a estimé que cette disposition coûtera 5 milliards de dollars aux contribuables au cours de la prochaine décennie. Un suivi approprié doit être mis en place pour vérifier que l’esprit de la loi (obligation d’utilisation du bioéthanol) n’est pas bafoué, en particulier par l’utilisation d’éthanol importé.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, Novembre 2002.:
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### [Etanol sintético: Tendencias y suministro a nivel global](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/etanol-sintetico.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Tendencia global para el etanol sintético y el bioetanol: Fusiones de productores*
El productor global de etanol Tereos Group ha adquirido SODES, un productor de etanol sintético, por medio de su subsidiaria Bio-ethanol Nord Picardie. La fábrica de etanol sintético utiliza etileno, un subproducto del petróleo, para producir etanol. La compañía planea expandir esta planta para procesar bioetanol, el cual es química y físicamente indistinguible del etanol sintético que se produce en la misma planta.
NCP Alcohols, el productor de etanol más grande de África (con 67% de toda la producción exportada), compró AlcoGroup, empresa que produce etanol sintético y alcoholes fermentados para su uso como combustibles y para fines industriales. AlcoGroup fue un participante activo en los intercambios globales de etanol.
La firma global de productos químicos INEOS Enterprises (el productor de etanol sintético más grande del mundo) ha comenzado la construcción de una nueva planta de biocombustibles en el Reino Unido. Esta planta será construida en donde ahora se encuentra INEOS Refining, la cual produce 300,000 toneladas de etanol sintético a partir de etileno.
## ¿Qué significan estas tendencias?
El mercado de biocombustibles no demanda productos de alta pureza en comparación con muchos mercados tradicionales. Esto significa que, en el caso de un productor que compite tanto en el mercado de combustibles como en el mercado tradicional, el mercado de combustibles proporciona un nicho para el etanol sintético, el cual estaría fuera de clasificación en las aplicaciones tradicionales no relacionadas con los combustibles. Esto genera ahorros en el reprocesamiento de etanol sintético para el mercado de combustibles.
## Efectividad y uso del etanol sintético como combustible
El efecto del etanol sintético en la respuesta de octanaje y desempeño del combustible en mezclas de combustible fue comparado al del etanol fermentado con un 99.9% de pureza obtenido de California. Se concluyó que el etanol sintético producido a partir de carbón puede compararse favorablemente con el bioetanol, y es por lo tanto una alternativa viable al alcohol fermentado que se utiliza en otras partes del mundo.1
El etanol sintético derivado de carbón se encuentra actualmente en uso en Sudáfrica en una mezcla de 12% con gasolina.
Hay una tendencia mundial en las naciones consumidoras de etanol, como Brasil y Sudáfrica, para que el etanol sintético se utilice para cubrir vacíos en el suministro durante períodos de rápido crecimiento o bajas en el suministro doméstico. Brasil, que cuenta con un mercado de etanol desarrollado, hasta hace algunos años importaba abiertamente etanol sintético como combustible hasta que el suministro tradicional fue reanudado.
## Suministro de etanol sintético
El etanol sintético se sintetiza fácilmente a partir del gas natural, el carbón y el etileno, un subproducto del petróleo. El etanol sintético derivado del carbón costaba la mitad que el etanol sintético derivado de la caña (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 Sudáfrica).
La producción de etanol a partir de etileno de petróleo involucra un proceso simple. El aumento dramático en el precio del etanol (en algún momento llegó a un precio de $4.00 por galón en 2006) posiblemente ha estimulado a los fabricantes de productos de petróleo a buscar otros usos para el etileno, desde plásticos de bajo costo al etanol de mayor valor.
La empresa SABIC de Arabia Saudita exporta exclusivamente etanol sintético producido a partir de etileno. Entre 1999 y 2003, la compañía fue el mayor exportador de etanol a los Estados Unidos.
De acuerdo con la Comisión de Comercio Internacional de los Estados Unidos, en 2005, las importaciones de los países que integran la Iniciativa de la Cuenca del Caribe (CBI por sus siglas en inglés), que se encuentran libres de impuestos y reciben incentivos fiscales estatales, representaron una vez más más de la mitad de todas las importaciones de bioetanol. Este etanol no es sometido a pruebas para analizar su contenido de etanol sintético.
Entre los países que han mostrado mayor conocimiento e interés por este tema se encuentran:
- Nueva Zelanda
- Países Bajos
- Reino Unido
- Australia
- Sudáfrica
- Unión Europea
El Senado de los Estados Unidos aprobó un proyecto de ley que contiene una provisión (RFS) que obligaría a utilizar bioetanol en gasolina hasta una cantidad de 5 billones de galones para el año 2012. El Comité Conjunto de Tributación ha estimado que esta provisión costará a los contribuyentes $5 billones en el curso de los próximos diez años. Debe realizarse un monitoreo adecuado para verificar que el espíritu de la ley (su mandato sobre bioetanol) no sea quebrantado, particularmente mediante el uso de etanol importado.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, November 2002.
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### [Synthetisches Ethanol: Globale Trends und Bedarf](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/synthetischer-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Globaler Trend für Synthetik- und Bioethanol – Hersteller fusionieren*
Der globale Ethanol-Produzent Tereos Group hat SODES erworben, einen Hersteller, dessen Tochtergesellschaft Bio-Ethanol-Nord Picardie synthetisches Bioethanol produziert. Die Anlage für die Herstellung von synthetischem Ethanol verwendet Ethylen, ein Erdöl Nebenprodukt. Das Unternehmen plant eine Erweiterung der Anlage, um Bioethanol verarbeiten zu können, welches chemisch und physikalisch nicht von synthetischem Ethanol zu unterscheiden ist.
NCP Alcohols ist der größte Ethanol-Produzent in Afrika (67% werden exportiert) und erwarb die AlcoGroup, die synthetisches Ethanol und fermentierte Alkohole für Kraftstoffe und für den industriellen Einsatz herstellt. Die AlcoGroup nahm aktiv an den globalen Ethanol-Verhandlungen teil.
Die globale Chemie-Firma INEOS Enterprises (der weltweit größte Hersteller von synthetischem Ethanol) hat damit begonnen eine neue Biokraftstoff-Anlage in Großbritannien zu bauen. Diese Anlage wird auf dem Gelände von INEOS Refining gebaut, die jährlich 300,000 Tonnen synthetisches Ethanol aus Ethylen produzieren.
## Was bedeutet das?
Im Vergleich zu anderen traditionellen Absatzmärkten, verlangt der Markt für Biokraftstoffe nicht nach hochreinen Produkten. Dies bedeutet für einen Hersteller, der sowohl den Kraftstoffmarkt, als auch den traditionellen Markt bedient, dass der Markt für Kraftstoffe eine Verwendung für synthetisches Ethanol hat, welches allerdings für den traditionellen Markt und die Verwendung von nicht-Kraftstoff-Anwendungen außerhalb der Spezifikation liegt. Folglich ergeben sich Einsparungen für die Wiederverarbeitung von synthetischem Ethanol für den Kraftstoff-Markt.
## Effizienz und Verwendung von synthetischem Ethanol als Kraftstoff
Die Wirkung von synthetischem Ethanol auf die Oktan-Reaktion und die Brennstoffleistung in Kraftstoffmischungen wurde mit fermentiertem Ethanol aus Kalifornien mit 99,9% Reinheit verglichen. Es wurde gefolgert, dass das synthetische Ethanol aus Kohle im Vorteil gegenüber Bioethanol ist und daher eine durchführbare Alternative zu dem weltweit verwendeten fermentierten Alkohol ist.1
Synthetisches Ethanol aus Kohle wird derzeit in Süd-Afrika mit Benzin gemischt (12% Ethanol).
Es gibt derzeit einen weltweiten Trend, der von allen Nationen verfolgt wird, die Ethanol verwenden, wie etwa Brasilien oder Süd-Afrika. Dort wird nämlich synthetisches Ethanol verwendet, um Versorgungslücken zu schließen, wenn die inländische Versorgung verknappt. Brasilien verfügt über einen ausgereiften Ethanol Marktplatz und importierte bis vor ein paar Jahren synthetisches Ethanol als Kraftstoff, bis die traditionelle Versorgung wieder aufgenommen wurde.
## Synthetische Ethanol-Versorgung
Synthetisches Ethanol wird aus Erdgas, Kohle und Ethylen (ein Nebenprodukt von Erdöl) synthetisiert. Synthetisches Ethanol aus Kohle war nur halb so teuer, wie Ethanol aus Zuckerrohr (CARENSA 30/1/2003-5/2/2003 Süd-Afrika).
Die Produktion von Ethanol aus Erdöl-Ethylen ist ein sehr einfacher Prozess. Der dramatische Preisanstieg von Ethanol (an einem Punkt bis zu $ 4,00 pro Gallone im Jahr 2006) hat vermutlich dazu beigetragen, dass Erdölproduzenten weitere Optionen für Ethylen nutzen wollten, weg von günstigen Kunststoffen hin zum kostbarerem Ethanol.
SABIC in Saudi Arabien exportiert ausschließlich synthetisches Ethanol, produziert aus Ethylen. Zwischen 1999 und 2003 war das Unternehmen der größte Exporteur von Ethanol in den USA.
Der United States International Trade Commission (2005 CBI Caribbean Basin Initiative) nach sind mehr als die Hälfte der Bioethanol Importe zollfrei und erhalten staatliche Steuererleichterungen. Diese Ethanol-Importe werden nicht auf den Anteil an synthetischem Ethanol überprüft.
Folgende Länder sind sich dieses Problems noch nicht bewusst und haben noch keine Bedenken geäußert:
- Neuseeland
- Die Niederlande
- Großbritannien
- Australien
- Süd-Afrika
- Europäische Union
Der US-Senat verabschiedete einen Gesetzentwurf, der die Bestimmung (RFS) enthält, die die Verwendung von 5 Mrd. Gallonen Bioethanol in Benzin bis zum Jahr 2012 anordnet. Der gemischte Steuerausschuss schätzt, dass diese Bestimmung den Steuerzahler $5 Mrd. in den nächsten zehn Jahren kosten wird. Die richtige Überwachung muss in Position gebracht werden, um überprüfen zu können, ob der ursprüngliche Sinn des Gesetzes (Bioethanol-Mandat) nicht zur Schau gestellt wird, insbesondere durch die Verwendung von importiertem Ethanol.
1\. J.Van Heerden, J.J. Botha, P.N.J. Roets: “Comparison between Sasol fuel alcohol and pure ethanol as a gasoline oxygenate,” Presentation to the XIV International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Phuket, November 2002.
---
### [Deutsch Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Biokraftstoffe in der Luftfahrt: Die Zukunft der Flugzeugtreibstoffe](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/flugzeug-biokraftstoffe.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Aufgrund der steigenden Ölpreise und Umweltbedenken, befasst sich die Luftfahrtindustrie mit Biokraftstoffen, da diese eine Alternative zu erdölbasierten Flugzeugtreibstoffen sind. Testflüge unter Verwendung von Biokraftstoffen werden bereits durchgeführt, da die Industrie nach kostengünstigen und sauberen Alternativen für Kerosin als Flugzeugtreibstoff sucht.
## ASTM D6866 Prüfung für Flugzeugtreibstoffe
Die ASTM D6866 Prüfung wird auf Flugzeugtreibstoffe angewandt, die sich noch in der Entwicklung befinden. Die Methode bestimmt den exakten Prozentwert im Treibstoff, der aus erneuerbaren Quellen stammt (Pflanzen). Die Bestimmung des Kohlenstoff-14 Anteils macht dies möglich. Jedes Material, das aus Biomasse stammt besitzt Kohlenstoff-14, wohingegen Material aus fossilen Quellen kein Kohlenstoff-14 mehr besitzt. Folglich kann ASTM D6866 als Verifizierungswerkzeug verwendet werden, um die Genauigkeit von Biokraftstoffgemischen zu überprüfen. Weitere Informationen über ASTM D6866 können Sie [hier](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866") finden.
## Energiereiche Pflanzenextrakte als Biokraftstoffe
 Es gibt verschiedene Pflanzen, deren Extrakte derzeit als mögliche Flugzeugtreibstoffe getestet werden. Dazu gehören Soja, Raps, Leindotter, Purgiernuss und Algen. Kraftstoffe aus diesen Pflanzenextrakten tragen nicht zur globalen Erwärmung bei, weil bei ihrer Verbrennung Kohlenstoff-neutrales CO2 entsteht.
Obwohl Soja und Raps vielversprechende Kraftstoffmischungen für Flugzeuge hervorgebracht haben, wurde deren Verwendung kritisiert, da sie ebenfalls Nahrungspflanzen sind und die Verwendung für nicht Nahrungszwecke eine Debatte auslöste (Nahrung vs. Kraftstoffe).
## Flugzeugtreibstoffe aus Leindotter, Purgiernuss und Algen
Der Leindotter ist eine einjährige krautige Pflanze, die Wuchshöhen von 30 bis 120 cm erreicht. Er kann auf Weizenfeldern angebaut werden, die brach liegen. Treibstoff mit Leindotteröl wurde bereits von Japan Airlines verwendet, um eine Boeing 747 für 90 Minuten zu fliegen.
Ein weiteres Ausgangsmaterial ist die Purgiernuss, ein giftiger Strauch, der bis zu acht Meter hoch auf Erdboden wachsen kann, der für Nahrungspflanzen nicht verwendet werden kann. Wie die Purgiernuss, können Algen ebenfalls in verschmutzen Gewässern gezüchtet werden und somit wäre es kein Problem Algen in großen Mengen anzubauen. Die Extrahierung von Öl aus den beiden Pflanzen ist allerdings komplex.
Öl aus Purgiernuss und Algen wurde bereits mit 50% normalem Flugzeugtreibstoff gemischt. Dieses Gemisch wurde für eine Continental Airlines Boeing 737 verwendet, die in Housten einen erfolgreichen Testflug von zwei Stunden absolvierte – dies war der erste kommerzielle U.S. Flug unter Verwendung von Biotreibstoff. Japan Airlines verwendete ebenfalls bereits ein Gemisch aus Leindotter, Purgiernuss und Algen für einen Testflug.
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### [Biocombustíveis para a aviação: O futuro dos combustíveis para aviões](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/combustiveis-para-avioes.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Devido ao aumento dos preços do petróleo e às preocupações ambientais, a indústria aérea vê agora os biocombustíveis como alternativa para o combustível de avião derivado do petróleo. Testes de voo utilizando biocombustíveis já estão sendo realizados enquanto a indústria busca alternativas limpas e de baixo custo à querosene como combustível de avião.
## O método ASTM D6866 para misturas de biocombustíveis para aviões
O método ASTM D6866 está sendo empregado para os biocombustíveis sendo desenvolvidos para aviões. O método determina a porcentagem exata do combustível derivada de fontes renováveis (plantas) ao medir a quantidade de carbono 14 presente. Quaisquer materiais derivados de biomassa possuem carbono 14, enquanto os de origem fóssil não apresentam carbono 14. Portanto, o método ASTM D6866 pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta de verificação para conferir a exatidão dos teores de misturas de biocombustíveis. Você pode obter mais informações sobre o método ASTM D6866 [aqui](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866").
## Extratos vegetais ricos em energia como biocombustíveis
Há várias plantas cujos extratos estão sendo testados como combustíveis para aviões. Entre elas estão a soja, canola, camelina, pinhão-manso e algas. A queima de combustíveis derivados dos extratos dessas plantas não contribui para o aquecimento global porque o produto de sua combustão é dióxido de carbono neutro em carbono.
Apesar da soja e da canola terem produzido misturas de combustíveis promissoras para aviões, elas são cultivos alimentícios, e seu uso para fins não alimentícios está sendo criticado em debates sobre comida versus combustíveis.
## Combustíveis para aviões derivados de camelina, pinhão-manso e algas
A camelina é um talo floral que pode alcançar muitos centímetros de altura, e pode ser cultivada em campos de trigo deixados em pousio. O combustível derivado de camelina já foi utilizado no voo de um Boeing 747 da Japan Airlines de 90 minutos.
Outra matéria-prima é o pinhão-manso, um arbusto venenoso que pode chegar a quase três metros de altura em solo que não suporta o cultivo de alimentos. Assim como o pinhão-manso, as algas podem desenvolver-se em águas poluídas, portanto, o cultivo de grandes quantidades não apresenta um problema. No entanto, a extração de óleo dessas duas plantas é complexa.
Os óleos extraídos do pinhão-manso e de algas foram misturados com 50% de combustível comum de avião, e a mistura foi utilizada por um Boeing 737 da Continental Airlines para concluir um teste de voo de duas horas saindo de Houston – o primeiro voo comercial dos Estados Unidos a utilizar um biocombustível. Há registros de que a Japan Airlines utilizou uma mistura de camelina, pinhão-manso e alga para um teste de voo.
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### [Les biocarburants pour l’aviation : l’avenir des carburants d’aviation](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/carburants-aviation.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
En raison de l’augmentation des prix du pétrole et des préoccupations environnementales, l’industrie de l’aviation s’intéresse aux biocarburants en tant qu’alternative aux carburants d’aviation dérivés du pétrole. Des vols test qui utilisent des biocarburants sont déjà en cours car l’industrie de l’aviation cherche des alternatives au kérosène propres et rentables.
## Analyse ASTM D6866 pour les mélanges de biocarburants d’aviation
L’analyse ASTM D6866 est effectuée sur les biocarburants d’aviation en cours de développement. La méthode permet de déterminer le pourcentage exact du carburant qui provient de sources renouvelables (plantes) en mesurant la quantité de carbone 14 qu’il contient. Tout matériau issu de la biomasse contient du carbone 14, à la différence des matériaux issus de sources fossiles qui n’en contiennent pas. Ainsi, la méthode ASTM D6866 peut être utilisée comme un outil de vérification de l’exactitude des mélanges de biocarburants. Vous trouverez davantage d’informations sur l’ASTM D6866 [ici](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "ASTM Method D6866").
## Biocarburants à base d’extraits végétaux riches en énergie
Plusieurs extraits de plantes tels que le soja, le canola, la caméline, le jatropha ou les algues sont testés comme carburants d’aviation. La combustion de carburants fabriqués à partir de ces extraits végétaux ne contribue pas au réchauffement climatique car leur produit de combustion est neutre en dioxyde de carbone.
Bien que le soja et le canola aient donné des mélanges de carburants pour l’aviation prometteurs, il s’agit de cultures vivrières et leur utilisation à des fins non alimentaires fait l’objet de vifs débats “alimentation contre carburants”.
## Carburants d’aviation à base de caméline, jatropha et algues
La caméline est une variété dont la tige peut atteindre plusieurs mètres de hauteur et qui peut pousser sur des champs de blé laissés en jachère. Japan Airlines a déjà utilisé de l’huile de caméline sur un vol Boeing 747 de 90 minutes.
Le jatropha est un arbuste toxique qui peut atteindre trois mètres de hauteur sur un sol qui ne peut pas accueillir de cultures alimentaires. Tout comme le jatropha, les algues peuvent se développer dans des eaux polluées et sont donc faciles à récolter en grande qualité. Toutefois, l’extraction d’huile se révèle complexe sur ces deux plantes.
Des huiles à base de jatropha et d’algues ont été mélangées avec 50% de carburant d’aviation traditionnel, et le mélange obtenu a été utilisé sur un vol Boeing 737 de la Continental Airlines pour un test de deux heures à partir de Houston ; il s’agissait du premier vol commercial américain à utiliser des biocarburants. La compagnie aérienne Japan Airlines a également utilisé un mélange de caméline, jatropha et d’algues pour un vol test.
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### [Newsletter](https://www.betalabservices.com/newsletter.html)
**Published:** May 8, 2017
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Distinguiendo entre el bioetanol y el etanol de petróleo](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/bioetanol-versus-etanol-de-petroleo.html)
**Published:** November 11, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Por el Dr. Murry Tamers, Fundador y Director de Beta Analytic*
*Artículo publicado el 1 de junio de 2006 en Ethanol Producer Magazine*
Gran parte del etanol que se produce en el mundo es, de hecho, derivado del petróleo. Se elabora fácilmente a partir de la hidrólisis del etileno, un importante petroquímico. Dos millones de toneladas de etanol derivado del petróleo se producen anualmente. Los principales proveedores son Sudáfrica y Arabia Saudita, pero también existen grandes plantas en los Estados Unidos, Europa y Japón. El etanol derivado del petróleo (etanol sintético) es un solvente industrial ampliamente usado y tiene una variedad considerable de aplicaciones alternas.
Los nuevos créditos fiscales para el uso del etanol en la gasolina (Ley de Política Energética de 2005, H.R.6) se aplican al “bioetanol” o “etanol renovable” y no al etanol derivado del petróleo. La emisión de estos créditos fiscales tendrá que requerir una certificación de que el etanol fue obtenido de fuentes renovables. La prueba reconocida científicamente para esta validación es el método [ASTM D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/biocombustibles/astm-d6866.html "ASTM method D6866-05"). Esta prueba distingue inequívoca y cuantitativamente entre materiales producidos a partir de combustibles fósiles como el petróleo, y aquellos producidos a partir de biomasa contemporánea. El método ASTM D6866-05 protege los intereses de empresarios y productores de biomasa que invierten en la producción de bioetanol. De hecho, es de suma importancia para el éxito de la industria doméstica del bioetanol.
El bioetanol y el etanol sintético son químicamente indistinguibles – ambos tienen el mismo compuesto, C2H5OH. La única diferencia entre los dos es la composición isotópica de los átomos de carbono. El etanol sintético proviene de materiales fósiles brutos, y el bioetanol de materiales contemporáneos. Un procedimiento común para el estudio de fósiles se ha aplicado en el estándar ASTM D6866-05; es la técnica de la datación por radiocarbono, conocida por su uso en arqueología y otros estudios de materiales fósiles. La datación por radiocarbono mide el contenido de un isótopo que existe en forma natural, el carbono 14, en las muestras estudiadas y lo compara con el contenido existente en materiales contemporáneos.
El método ASTM D6866-05 emplea las mismas técnicas que la datación por radiocarbono. La biomasa se compone de materiales contemporáneos que contienen carbono 14, mientras que los materiales fósiles no contienen este isótopo debido a que se ha decaído por completo con el paso de los años. Medir las concentraciones de carbono 14 en el etanol sometido a estudio demostrará si fue fabricado a partir de materiales renovables o a partir de materiales fósiles. En algunos casos, habrá una mezcla de bioetanol y etanol sintético. Aquí, el método ASTM D6866-05 determinará de manera cuantitativa el porcentaje de bioetanol a fin de que se otorgue el crédito fiscal apropiado. Igualmente, el método ASTM D6866-05 sería una prueba aplicable a la gasolina a granel que contenga concentraciones variadas de bioetanol. La prueba indicaría la cantidad de material renovable en el líquido total. Sin embargo, debe asegurarse que la gasolina esté bien mezclada a fin de que la pequeña muestra que sea tomada sea representativa del tanque de almacenamiento completo. Éste es siempre un tema de preocupación en el análisis de materiales a granel.
La datación por radiocarbono, desarrollada por primera vez en 1947, depende de la producción continua de un isótopo radioactivo, el carbono 14 o radiocarbono, por los rayos cósmicos en la atmósfera superior. El isótopo se combina con el oxígeno para formar dióxido de carbono, el cual se filtra hacia la biósfera y es absorbido por las plantas, de las cuales se alimentan los animales. El carbono 14 se pierde continuamente por el decaimiento radioactivo, pero esto es compensado por la producción continua de los rayos cósmicos.
Todos los seres vivos, plantas y animales, tendrán la misma concentración de carbono 14. Sin embargo, cuando las plantas o animales mueren, sus niveles de carbono 14 ya no son reemplazados por la atmósfera. El contenido de este isótopo en los restos o fósiles mortales disminuye gradualmente hasta un punto en el que no queda nada, lo cual toma aproximadamente 50,000 años. Los procedimientos de datación por radiocarbono miden en forma precisa el contenido de carbono 14 en varios materiales, y a partir de ello, se puede calcular el tiempo en que la planta o el animal murió. El sistema de datación es una herramienta indispensable en arqueología y en muchos estudios de geología y otras ciencias de la Tierra.
La datación por radiocarbono es una rama de la química y física nuclear. Debido a que las cantidades de carbono 14 son muy pequeñas, se requiere de las técnicas más sensibles para su medición. Actualmente se utilizan dos procedimientos: radiometría y espectrometría de masas con aceleradores. La radiometría mide la radiación producida por la desintegración del carbono 14; la espectrometría de masas con aceleradores mide la concentración de carbono 14 directamente.
Tanto para las técnicas de radiometría como de espectrometría de masas con aceleradores, los pretratamientos de las muestras pueden ser importantes. Estos procedimientos pueden variar ampliamente, dependiendo del tipo de material sometido a medición. Los pasos a seguir consisten en varias operaciones físicas y químicas para eliminar materiales externos. Después de ello, los tratamientos para las dos técnicas difieren, pero ambas involucran operaciones de alto vacío.
Para medición radiométrica, las muestras se queman en un sistema de vacío especializado para producir dióxido de carbono, el cual se combina posteriormente con litio fundido para producir carburo de litio. Después de enfriarse, el carburo de litio se hace reaccionar con agua para producir acetileno. Este gas es purificado y convertido finalmente a benceno usando un catalizador de silicio y alúmina. Todos estos procedimientos se llevan a cabo en sistemas de vacío de vidrio. El benceno, que contiene 92 por ciento de carbono, es mezclado con químicos de centelleo y colocado en un contador de centelleo líquido para la detección de radiación. En promedio, la muestra permanecerá en un contador durante dos días a fin de acumular las cuentas suficientes para generar estadísticas razonables. Tanto estándares contemporáneos como materiales de referencia se miden subsecuentemente en los mismos contadores.
Las muestras para espectrometría de masas con aceleradores se queman para generar dióxido de carbono, el cual es posteriormente purificado. El dióxido de carbono se hace reaccionar con hidrógeno para formar grafito en una línea de vacío de vidrio especializada. El grafito, 100 por ciento carbono, es puesto en soportes de aluminio y colocado en el acelerador de partículas para su medición. El análisis toma cerca de 30 minutos. Como en la técnica de radiometría, muestras modernas y de referencia se miden posteriormente de la misma manera.
Adicionalmente, en todas las muestras se analiza el isótopo estable, el carbono 13. Esto es esencial para ajustar los valores de carbono 14 medidos. La medición del carbono 13 es una parte fundamental de la datación por radiocarbono. Es también, en algunos casos, un medio para verificar la fuente de la biomasa usada en la producción de etanol. El carbono 13 por sí mismo no es adecuado para determinar en forma precisa el contenido de material renovable y fósil en las mezclas. Aunque el petróleo y el maíz, por ejemplo, tienen diferentes concentraciones de carbono 13, el carbono 13 natural que se encuentra en otros materiales de biomasas tiene valores muy variables. Algunos materiales adecuados para la producción de bioetanol – por ejemplo, la remolacha, la batata, las uvas y otras frutas – presentan valores de carbono 13 generalmente indistinguibles de los encontrados en el petróleo. Esto resultaría en análisis de carbono 13 que arrojarían resultados ambiguos en el caso de diluciones de bioetanol con 10 o 20 por ciento de etanol sintético. Por otro lado, el análisis de la datación por radiocarbono mostraría claramente esta dilución.
La cantidad de equipo químico y electrónico que necesita un laboratorio ordinario de datación por radiocarbono es bastante amplia. En el caso de Beta Analytic Inc, los bienes de capital incluyen 53 contadores de centelleo líquido, aceleradores de partículas con fuentes de iones, espectrómetros de masa para análisis de carbono 13 con analizadores elementales, 11 líneas de vacío para síntesis de benceno, 12 líneas de vacío para grafitización, así como una amplia gama de materiales y hornos para los pretratamientos y combustiones.
Los importantes créditos fiscales para el uso de bioetanol en la gasolina proveerán una tentación a individuos sin escrúpulos para utilizar etanol sintético (de petróleo). Puede anticiparse que la ocurrencia más común será la dilución de bioetanol con etanol sintético con la esperanza de que no sea detectado. Sin embargo, el método ASTM D6866-05 es una técnica cuantitativa que permitirá identificar claramente cualquier dilución significativa. El estándar ASTM D6866-05 protegerá a la industria de materiales de origen biológico desalentando estos engaños. Contar con una certificación conforme al estándar ASTM D6866-05 debería ser una condición necesaria para cada lote de bioetanol que sea presentado para obtener un crédito fiscal.
## Actualización con respecto al estándar ASTM D6866
Al 11 de mayo de 2012, el estándar ASTM D6866-12 es la versión activa de la norma.
Beta Analytic ya no utiliza contadores de centelleo líquido para el análisis de muestras conforme al método ASTM D6866.
*Última actualización de la página – 7 de enero de 2015*
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### [Korean Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean/biobased/natural-products.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Portuguese Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica/produtos-naturais.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Italian Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano/biobased/prodotti-naturali.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [French Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biosources/produits-naturels.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Espanol Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica/productos-naturales.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Deutsch Natural Products Redirect](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobasierend/naturlicher-produkte.html)
**Published:** November 24, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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### [Différencier le bioéthanol de l’éthanol issu du pétrole](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/ethanol-petrole.html)
**Published:** November 14, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Par Dr. Murry Tamers, Fondateur et Directeur de Beta Analytic*
*Article publié le 1er juin 2006 dans Ethanol Producer Magazine*
La plupart de l’éthanol fabriqué dans le monde est en réalité issu du pétrole. Il est facilement produit par hydrolyse de l’éthylène, un produit pétrochimique majeur. Deux millions de tonnes d’éthanol dérivé de pétrole sont produites chaque année. Les principaux fournisseurs d’éthanol sont l’Afrique du Sud et l’Arabie Saoudite, mais il y a également de grandes usines de production aux Etats-Unis, en Europe et au Japon. L’éthanol dérivé du pétrole (éthanol synthétique) est un solvant industriel largement utilisé qui a des applications très variées.
Les crédits d’impôts pour l’éthanol dans les carburants (Loi sur la politique énergétique – Energy Policy Act de 2005 H.R.6) s’appliquent aux bioéthanols et non aux éthanols dérivés du pétrole. La validation de ces crédits d’impôts nécessite une certification prouvant que l’éthanol provient de sources renouvelables. Le test scientifique reconnu est [la méthode ASTM D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais/biocarburants/astm-d6866.html "la méthode ASTM D6866-055"). Elle permet de distinguer sans ambiguïté et quantitativement les matériaux produits à partir de carburants fossiles comme le pétrole, et ceux produits par de la biomasse moderne. L’ASTM D6866-05 protège les intérêts des investisseurs et producteurs de biomasse investissant dans la production de bioéthanol. Il est primordial au succès de l’industrie du bioéthanol domestique.
Le bioéthanol et l’éthanol synthétique sont chimiquement indifférenciables – ils ont la même composition, C2H5OH. La seule différence entre les deux est la composition isotopique des atomes de carbone. Les éthanols synthétiques proviennent de matériaux bruts fossiles, alors que les bioéthanols proviennent de matériaux modernes. Une procédure courante pour l’étude des matériaux fossiles est appliquée pour l’ASTM D6866-05: il s’agit de la technique de la datation radiocarbone, connue pour ces utilisations en archéologie et autres études sur les matériaux fossiles. La datation radiocarbone mesure le contenu d’un isotope naturellement présent – le carbone 14 – dans les échantillons étudiés, et le compare au contenu dans les matériaux modernes.
L’ASTM D6866 utilise la technique de la datation au radiocarbone. La biomasse comporte du carbone 14 alors que les matériaux fossiles n’en contiennent plus. Il s’est entièrement désintégré avec le temps. La mesure des concentrations en carbone 14 dans un échantillon d’éthanol montrera s’il a été produit à partir de matériaux renouvelables ou fossiles. Dans certains cas, on trouve un mélange de bioéthanol et d’éthanol synthétique. Ici, l’ASTM D6866-05 peut déterminer quantitativement le pourcentage de bioéthanol afin que le crédit d’impôt approprié soit donné. Également, l’ASTM D6866 est applicable à l’essence en vrac qui contient des concentrations variées en bioéthanol. Le test indique la quantité de composant renouvelable dans le liquide total. Cependant, il est nécessaire que le carburant soit bien mélangé afin que le petit échantillon prélevé pour l’analyse soit représentatif de l’ensemble de la citerne de stockage. C’est toujours un point important pour l’analyse de matériaux en vrac.
La datation au radiocarbone, développée en 1947, dépend de la production continue d’un isotope radioactif – carbone 14 ou radiocarbone – par les rayonnements cosmiques dans la haute atmosphère. L’isotope se combine avec l’oxygène pour former le dioxyde de carbone, qui va filtrer en descendant dans la biosphère et être absorbé par les plantes, qui sont à leur tour mangées par les animaux. Le carbone 14 diminue continuellement par décroissance radioactive, mais est continuellement produit par les rayons cosmiques.
Tous les organismes vivants, plantes et animaux, vont avoir la même concentration en carbone 14. Cependant, quand les plantes ou animaux meurent, leur concentration en carbone 14 n’est plus maintenue par l’apport de l’atmosphère. La teneur en cet isotope dans les restes morts ou fossiles va graduellement décroître jusqu’à disparition complète, le processus prenant approximativement 50000 ans. Les procédures de datation au radiocarbone mesurent avec précision la teneur en carbone 14 dans des matériaux variés, et à partir de ces résultats de datation, il est possible de mesurer la date de la mort de la plante ou l’animal. Le système de datation est un outil indispensable pour l’archéologie, la géologie, et d’autres sciences de la Terre.
La datation radiocarbone est une branche de la chimie nucléaire et de la physique. Etant donné que la quantité en carbone 14 est très faible, les techniques les plus sensibles pour ces mesures sont requises. Deux procédures sont utilisées actuellement, la datation radiométrique, et la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur. La datation radiométrique mesure la radiation produite par la désintégration du carbone 14 alors que la spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur mesure la concentration en carbone 14 dans l’échantillon. Pour les deux techniques, les prétraitements des échantillons sont importants. Les procédures pour ces techniques varient beaucoup selon le type de matériau mesuré. Les étapes impliquent différentes opérations physiques et chimiques pour éliminer les matériaux externes. Les étapes de prétraitement pour les deux techniques sont différentes, mais les deux impliquent des opérations sous vide.
Pour la mesure radiométrique, les échantillons sont soumis à combustion dans un système spécialisé sous vide pour produire du dioxyde de carbone. Il est alors combiné à du lithium en fusion pour produire du carbure de lithium. Après refroidissement, le carbure de lithium est mis en réaction avec de l’eau pour produire de l’acétylène. Ce gaz est purifié et finalement converti en benzène en utilisant un catalyseur silice-alumine. Toutes ces procédures sont réalisées dans des systèmes sous vide en verre. Le benzène, qui est composé à 92% de carbone, est mélangé à des produits chimiques de scintillation et placé dans des compteurs de scintillation liquide pour la détection de radiation. En moyenne, l’échantillon va rester dans le compteur pendant 2 jours pour accumuler assez de données pour donner des statistiques raisonnables. Des matériaux de référence ainsi que des matériaux d’âge récent sont mesurés en même temps dans le même compteur.
Les échantillons analysés par spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur subissent une combustion en dioxyde de carbone, et sont ensuite purifiés. Le dioxyde de carbone est mis à réagir avec de l’hydrogène pour former du graphite dans une ligne sous vide en verre. Le graphite, qui est composé à 100% de carbone, est placé dans des porte-cibles en aluminium et placé dans le réceptacle de l’accélérateur pour la mesure. L’analyse prend environ 30 minutes. Comme pour la technique par radiométrie, des échantillons modernes et de référence sont mesurés de la même façon.
De plus, l’analyse de l’isotope stable carbone 13 est réalisée sur tous les échantillons. Cette mesure est essentielle pour l’ajustement des valeurs mesurées de carbone 14. La mesure carbone 13 est une partie intégrale de la datation au radiocarbone. Elle peut aussi dans certains cas être un moyen de vérifier la source de biomasse utilisée pour la production d’éthanol. Le carbone 13 à lui seul n’est pas adapté pour déterminer précisément la teneur renouvelable par rapport à la teneur fossile des mélanges.
Même si le maïs et le pétrole, par exemple, ont des concentrations différentes en carbone 13, d’autres matériaux de la biomasse ont des teneurs en carbone 13 assez variables. Certains matériaux pouvant servir à la production de bioéthanol comme la betterave sucrière, la patate douce, le raisin et d’autres fruits ont une teneur en carbone 13 généralement indifférenciable de celle du pétrole. Les analyses carbone 13 donneraient des résultats ambigus dans le cas de dilution de bioéthanol avec dix ou vingt pour cent d’éthanol synthétique. D’un autre côté, l’analyse par datation au radiocarbone montrerait clairement cette dilution.
La quantité d’équipements chimiques et électroniques nécessaires pour un laboratoire faisant de la datation au radiocarbone est assez importante. Chez Beta Analytic, les équipements comprennent 53 compteurs de scintillation liquide, des accélérateurs de particule à source ionisée, des spectromètres de masse pour le carbone 13 avec des analyseurs élémentaires, 11 lignes sous vide de synthèse du benzène, 12 lignes sous vide de graphitisation, ainsi que de nombreux autres équipements et fours pour les prétraitements et combustions.
Les crédits d’impôts conséquents destinés au bioéthanol contenu dans les carburants représentent une tentation pour des individus peu scrupuleux de produire des éthanols synthétiques (issus du pétrole). Le cas le plus répandu est la dilution du bioéthanol avec de l’éthanol synthétique dans l’espoir que ce dernier ne soit pas détecté. Cependant, l’ASTM D6866-05 est une technique quantitative qui met en évidence toute dilution significative. L’ASTM D6866-05 va protéger l’industrie du bioéthanol en décourageant ces fraudes. Une certification ASTM D6866 est une condition nécessaire pour chaque lot de bioéthanol soumis pour ces crédits d’impôts.
## Mise à jour de l’ASTM D6866
Depuis le 11 mai 2012, l’ASTM D6866-12 est la version en vigueur pour la norme.
Beta Analytic n’utilise plus de compteurs à scintillation liquide pour les analyses ASTM D6866.
*Dernière mise à jour de la page – 7 janvier 2015*
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### [A diferença entre bioetanol e etanol de petróleo](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/petroleo-etanol.html)
**Published:** November 15, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Por Dr. Murry Tamers, Fundador e Presidente do Beta Analytic*
*Artigo publicado na revista Ethanol Producer em 1º de junho de 2006*
Muito do etanol produzido no mundo é, de fato, derivado do petróleo. Ele é facilmente produzido por hidrólise de etileno, um importante petroquímico. Anualmente, são produzidas duas milhões de toneladas de etanol. Os principais fornecedores são da África do Sul e da Arábia Saudita, mas também existem grandes usinas nos Estados Unidos, Europa e Japão. O etanol derivado de petróleo (etanol sintético) é amplamente utilizado como solvente industrial, além de ter uma considerável variedade de outras aplicações.
Os novos créditos fiscais atribuídos ao etanol na gasolina (Lei de políticas de energia H.R.6, de 2005) se aplicam ao “bioetanol” ou “etanol renovável”, e não ao etanol derivado de petróleo. A emissão desses créditos fiscais terá que exigir uma certificação de que o etanol origina de fontes renováveis. A análise científica reconhecida é o [método ASTM D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/biocombustiveis/astm-d6866.html "método ASTM D6866-05"). Esse método faz a distinção inequívoca e quantitativa entre materiais derivados de combustíveis fósseis, como o petróleo, e materiais derivados de biomassa contemporânea. A norma ASTM D6866-05 protege os interesses de investidores e de produtores de biomassa que investem na produção de bioetanol. Essa norma é de suma importância para o sucesso da indústria nacional de bioetanol.
O bioetanol e o etanol sintético são quimicamente indistinguíveis – ambos são o mesmo composto, C2H5OH. A única diferença entre os dois é a composição isotópica dos átomos de carbono. O etanol sintético deriva de materiais fósseis brutos, e o bioetanol deriva de materiais contemporâneos. Um procedimento comum ao estudo de fósseis foi aplicado à ASTM D6866-05: a técnica de datação por radiocarbono, conhecida por seu emprego em arqueologia e outros estudos de fósseis. A datação por radiocarbono mede o teor de um isótopo que ocorre naturalmente, o carbono 14, nas amostras estudadas, e compara isso com o teor encontrado em materiais contemporâneos.
A ASTM D6866-05 utiliza as mesmas técnicas que a datação por radiocarbono. A biomassa é composta de materiais contemporâneos que contêm carbono 14, enquanto materiais fósseis não mais contêm esse isótopo porque ele se esgotou com o passar dos anos. Medir as concentrações de carbono 14 no etanol sob análise mostrará se o etanol foi fabricado a partir de materiais renováveis ou fósseis. Em alguns casos, haverá uma mistura de bioetanol e etanol sintético. Nesses casos, a ASTM D6866-05 determinará quantitativamente a porcentagem de bioetanol, para que o crédito fiscal apropriado seja concedido. Da mesma forma, a ASTM D6866-05 é uma análise aplicável para gasolina a granel que contenha concentrações variadas de bioetanol. A análise indicará a quantidade de material renovável no total do líquido. No entanto, é necessário certificar-se de que a gasolina esteja bem misturada para que a pequena amostra retirada seja representativa de todo o tanque de armazenamento. Isso é sempre importante no que diz respeito a análises de materiais a granel.
A datação por radiocarbono, desenvolvida pela primeira vez em 1947, depende da produção contínua de um isótopo radioativo, o carbono 14 ou radiocarbono, por raios cósmicos na atmosfera superior. O isótopo se mistura com oxigênio para formar dióxido de carbono, que é filtrado até a biosfera e absorvido pelas plantas, que por sua vez são consumidas pelos animais. Perde-se carbono 14 continuamente pelo declínio radioativo, mas isso é equilibrado pela produção contínua pelos raios cósmicos.
Todos os seres vivos – vegetais e animais – têm a mesma concentração de carbono 14. No entanto, quando plantas ou animais morrem, cessa a reposição de carbono 14 pela atmosfera. O teor desse isótopo nos restos mortais ou fósseis gradualmente diminui, até o ponto em que não sobra essencialmente nada, o que demora aproximadamente 50,000 anos. Os procedimentos de datação por radiocarbono medem com exatidão o teor de carbono 14 em diversos materiais; a partir disso, é possível calcular quando a planta ou animal morreu. O sistema de datação é uma ferramenta indispensável para a arqueologia, além de muitos outros estudos em geologia e ciências da terra.
A datação por radiocarbono é um braço da física e química nucleares. Como as quantidades de carbono 14 são muito pequenas, são necessárias as técnicas mais sensíveis para a medição. Normalmente, emprega-se dois procedimentos: por radiometria ou por espectrometria de massa com aceleradores. O procedimento radiométrico mede a radiação produzida a partir da desintegração do carbono 14; a espectrometria de massa com aceleradores mede diretamente a concentração de carbono 14.
Para ambas as técnicas, o pré-tratamento das amostras é importante. Os procedimentos para o pré-tratamento pode variar amplamente, dependendo do tipo de material que está sendo medido. As etapas envolvem várias operações físicas e químicas para eliminar materiais externos. Em seguida, os tratamentos para as duas técnicas diferem, mas para ambas são utilizadas operações de alto vácuo.
Para a medição radiométrica, as amostras são queimadas em um sistema especializado a vácuo para produzir dióxido de carbono, que é então misturado com lítio derretido para produzir carbeto de lítio. Após o resfriamento, o carbeto de lítio reage com água para produzir acetileno. Esse gás é purificado e finalmente convertido em benzeno, com um catalisador de sílica-alumina. Todos esses procedimentos são realizados em sistemas a vácuo de vidro. O benzeno, composto de 92% carbono, é misturado com químicos cintiladores e colocado em um contador a cintilação líquida para a detecção de radiação. Em média, a amostra precisa ficar no contador durante dois dias até que acumule contagens suficientes para produzir estatísticas adequadas. Tanto os padrões contemporâneos quanto os materiais de referência são também medidos, posteriormente, nos mesmos contadores.
As amostras medidas por espectrometria de massa com aceleradores são queimadas para gerar dióxido de carbono que, em seguida, é purificado. O dióxido de carbono reage com hidrogênio para formar grafite em uma linha a vácuo especializada de vidro. O grafite, composto por 100% carbono, é colocado dentro de suportes de alumínio que são acoplados no acelerador de partículas para a medição. A análise demora cerca de trinta minutos. Assim como com a técnica radiométrica, amostras modernas e de referência são medidas em seguida, da mesma forma.
Além disso, todas as amostras são analisadas para se obter o isótopo estável, carbono 13. Isso é essencial para o ajuste dos valores medidos de carbono 14. A medição de carbono 13 é parte integral da datação por radiocarbono. Ela é também, em alguns casos, uma forma de verificar a fonte da biomassa utilizada na produção do etanol. Entretanto, o carbono 13 por si não é adequado para determinar de forma precisa o conteúdo de materiais renováveis em relação aos fósseis em misturas. Por exemplo, apesar de o petróleo e o milho terem concentrações diferentes de carbono 13, o carbono 13 natural de outros materiais de biomassa apresentam valores bastante variáveis. Alguns materiais adequados para a produção de bioetanol, como a beterraba, a batata doce, a uva e outras frutas, possuem valores de carbono 13 que são geralmente indistinguíveis daquele do petróleo. A consequência disso é resultados ambíguos em análises de carbono 13, no caso de diluições de bioetanol com dez ou vinte por cento de etanol sintético. Por outro lado, a análise de datação por radiocarbono é capaz de mostrar essa diluição de forma clara.
A quantidade de equipamentos químicos e eletrônicos necessários para a rotina de um laboratório de datação é bastante grande. Para o Beta Analytic Inc., o equipamento de capital inclui 53 contadores a cintilação líquida, aceleradores de partículas com fontes de íons, espectrômetros de massa para carbono 13 com analisadores elementais, 11 linhas a vácuo de sintetização de benzeno, 12 linhas a vácuo grafitizantes, e numerosos materiais e fornos para os pré-tratamentos e combustões.
Os importantes créditos fiscais pelo bioetanol na gasolina oferecem uma tentação para indivíduos inescrupulosos utilizarem o etanol sintético (de petróleo). Antecipa-se que a ocorrência mais comum é a diluição de bioetanol com etanol sintético, com a esperança de que isso não será detectado. Porém, a ASTM D6866-05 é uma técnica quantitativa capaz de apontar claramente qualquer diluição significante. A ASTM D6866-05 protege a indústria do bioetanol porque ela restringe essa fraude. Uma certificação ASTM D6866-05 é a condição necessária para cada lote de bioetanol apresentado para créditos fiscais.
## Atualização da ASTM D6866
Desde 11 de maio de 2012, a ASTM D6866-12 é a atual versão da norma em vigor.
O Beta Analytic não utiliza mais contadores a cintilação líquida para as análises ASTM D6866.
*Última atualização: 7 de janeiro de 2015*
---
### [Unterscheiden zwischen Bioethanol und Erdöl-Ethanol](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/erdol-ethanol.html)
**Published:** November 10, 2016
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
*Von Dr. Murry Tamers, Beta Analytic Gründer und Vorsitzender*
*Artikel aus dem Ethanol Producer Magazine Erschienen am 1. Juni, 2006*
Ethanol kann sehr leicht durch die Hydrolyse von Ethylen (bedeutende Erdölchemikalie) hergestellt werden. Zwei Millionen Tonnen Ethanol werden jährlich aus Erdöl hergestellt. Die größten Ethanol-Lieferanten sind Südafrika und Saudi Arabien, aber es gibt auch große Anlagen in den USA, Europa und Japan. Ethanol aus Erdöl (synthetisches Ethanol) wird häufig als industrielles Lösemittel eingesetzt, es gibt allerdings auch eine beträchtliche Vielfalt von anderen Anwendungen.
Die Steuererleichterungen für Ethanol in Benzin (Energy Policy Act of 2005 H.R.6) sind nur für “Bioethanol” oder “erneuerbares Ethanol” gedacht und nicht für Ethanol aus Erdöl. Für die Ausgabe dieser Steuergutschriften ist eine Zertifizierung erforderlich, die bestätigt, dass das Ethanol aus erneuerbaren Quellen stammt. [ASTM Methode D6866-05](https://www.betalabservices.com/deutsch/biobrennstoffe/astm-d6866.html "ASTM D6866-05") ist hierfür die wissenschaftlich anerkannte Methode, die eindeutig zwischen Materialien unterscheiden kann, die aus fossilen Kraftstoffen (Erdöl) produziert wurden und jenen, die aus Biomasse produziert wurden. ASTM D6866-05 schützt die Interessen der Investoren und Biomasseproduzenten, die in die Produktion von Bioethanol investieren. Die Analyse ist von größter Bedeutung für den Erfolg der heimischen Bioethanol-Industrie.
Bioethanol und synthetisches Ethanol sind chemisch nicht zu unterscheiden—beide bestehen aus der gleichen Verbindung, C2H5OH. Der einzige Unterschied zwischen den beiden ist die Isotopenzusammensetzung der Kohlenstoffatome. Synthetisches Ethanol stammt aus fossilen Rohstoffen und Bioethanol aus neuzeitlichen Materialien. Die ASTM D6866-05 Methode macht sich ein Verfahren zu Nutze, dass zur Untersuchung von Fossilien verwendet wird; es ist die Technik der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung, bekannt für die Verwendung in der Archäologie und anderen fossilen Studien. Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung misst den Gehalt des natürlich vorkommenden Kohlenstoff-14 Isotops in Proben und vergleicht diesen mit dem Gehalt in neuzeitlichen Materialien.
ASTM D6866-05 verwendet die gleichen Techniken wie die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung. Biomasse besteht aus neuzeitlichen Materialien, die Kohlenstoff-14 enthalten. Wohingegen fossile Materialien dieses Isotop nicht mehr aufweisen. Es ist über die Jahre zerfallen. Die Messung der Kohlenstoff-14 Konzentration in Ethanol wird aufzeigen, ob das Ethanol aus erneuerbaren oder fossilen Materialien produziert wurde. In manchen Fällen liegt ein Gemisch aus Bioethanol und synthetischem Ethanol vor. Hier kann ASTM D6866-05 den quantitativen Prozentanteil von Bioethanol bestimmen, sodass die entsprechende Steuergutschrift gewährt werden kann. Ebenso wäre eine ASTM D6866-05 Prüfung anwendbar auf Benzin, das unterschiedliche Konzentrationen an Bioethanol enthält. Die Prüfung würde die Menge an nachwachsenden Rohstoffen in der gesamten Flüssigkeit anzeigen. Man muss jedoch sicher sein, dass das Benzin gut gemischt ist, damit die sehr kleine Teilprobe repräsentativ für den gesamten Behälter ist. Dies ist immer ein wichtiges Anliegen, wenn es um die Prüfung von großen Mengen geht.
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung wurde erstmals im Jahre 1947 entwickelt und basiert auf der kontinuierlichen Produktion eines radioaktiven Isotops, Kohlenstoff-14 oder Radiokohlenstoff, durch kosmische Strahlen in der oberen Atmosphäre. Das Isotop verbindet sich mit Sauerstoff und bildet Kohlendioxid, welches nach unten durch die Biosphäre gefiltert wird und von Pflanzen aufgenommen wird, die wiederum von Tieren gefressen werden. Kohlenstoff-14 geht durch den radioaktiven Zerfall kontinuierlich verloren, dies wird allerdings durch die kontinuierliche Produktion mittels kosmischer Strahlung ausgeglichen.
Alle Lebewesen, Pflanzen und Tiere haben die gleiche Konzentration an Kohlenstoff-14. Allerdings wird der Kohlenstoff-14 von der Atmosphäre nicht ersetzt, wenn Pflanzen oder Tiere sterben. Der Isotopengehalt in den abgestorbenen Überresten oder Fossilien nimmt allmählich ab, bis kein Radiokohlenstoff mehr vorhanden ist. Dieser Vorgang dauert ca. 50.000 Jahre. Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungsverfahren messen den Kohlenstoff-14 Gehalt in verschiedenen Materialien sehr genau und mit Hilfe der Kohlenstoff-Datierungsergebnisse kann man berechnen, wann die Pflanze oder das Tier gestorben ist. Dieses Datierungssystem ist ein unverzichtbares Werkzeug für Archäologie, Geologie und andere Geowissenschaften.
Die Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung ist ein Zweig der Physik und Kernchemie. Da die Menge an Kohlenstoff-14 sehr gering ist, sind die empfindlichsten Techniken für die Messung erforderlich. Derzeit werden hierfür zwei Verfahren verwendet: die radiometrische Datierung und die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie (AMS). Die radiometrische Datierung misst die Strahlung, die bei der Zersetzung von Kohlenstoff-14 entsteht, während die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie die Kohlenstoff-14 Konzentration in einer Probe misst.
Sowohl für die radiometrische Datierung, als auch für die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie ist die Aufbereitung der Proben sehr wichtig. Die Vorgehensweisen für beide Techniken variieren stark, abhängig von der Art des zu messenden Materials. Die Vorgehensweisen beinhalten verschiedene physikalische und chemische Vorgänge, um eventuelle Fremdstoffe zu beseitigen. Die Vorbehandlungschritte für beide Techniken sind verschieden, allerdings beinhalten beide Techniken Prozesse unter Hochvakuum.
Für die radiometrische Messung werden die Proben in einem speziellen Vakuumsystem verbrannt, um Kohlendioxid zu erzeugen. Dieses wird dann mit geschmolzenem Lithium kombiniert, um Lithiumkarbid zu erzeugen. Nach dem Abkühlen wird das Lithiumkarbid mit Wasser zur Reaktion gebracht, um Acetylen zu erzeugen. Das Gas wird gereinigt und schließlich unter Verwendung eines Siliziumdioxid-Aluminiumoxid-Katalysators zu Benzol umgewandelt. Alle diese Verfahren werden in Glas-Vakuum-Systemen durchgeführt. Das Benzol besteht zu 92% aus Kohlenstoff, wird mit Szintillator-Chemikalien gemischt und in einen Flüssigszintillationszähler zur Strahlungsdetektion platziert. Im Durchschnitt bleibt die Probe für zwei Tage im Zähler, um genug Zählungen zu generieren, die für eine angemessene Statistik gebraucht werden. Sowohl moderne Standards, als auch Hintergrund-Materialien werden anschließend in den selben Zählern gemessen.
Proben für die Beschleuniger-Massenspektrometrie werden zu Kohlendioxid verbrannt, das dann gereinigt wird. Das Kohlendioxid wird dann mit Wasserstoff in einer speziellen Glas-Vakuum-Leitung zur Reaktion gebracht, um Graphit zu erhalten. Das Graphit besteht zu 100% aus Kohlenstoff und wird in Aluminium Target-Halter platziert und anschließend in einem Partikelbeschleuniger gemessen. Die Analyse dauert ca. 30 Minuten. Wie bei der radiometrischen Methode, werden auch hier anschließend moderne Standards und Hintergrund-Materialien gemessen.
Zusätzlich werden alle Proben auf das stabile Kohlenstoff-13 Isotop analysiert. Dies ist für die Anpassung der gemessenen Kohlenstoff-14 Werte essentiell. Die Kohlenstoff-13 Messung ist ein integraler Bestandteil der Radiokohlenstoff-Datierung. In manchen Fällen kann dies auch genutzt werden, um die Biomassequelle zu verifizieren, die für die Ethanolproduktion verwendet wurde. Kohlenstoff-13 ist nicht für die genaue Bestimmung der erneuerbaren und fossilen Anteile in Gemischen geeignet. Obwohl die Kohlenstoff-13 Konzentrationen von z.B. Erdöl und Mais verschieden sind, weisen andere Materialien aus Biomasse Kohlenstoff-13 Werte auf, die sehr variabel sind. Einige Materialien, die sich für die Produktion von Bioethanol eignen, wie Zuckerrüben, Süßkartoffeln, Trauben und andere Früchte, haben Kohlenstoff-13-Werte, die von Erdöl im Allgemeinen nicht zu unterscheiden sind. Die Kohlenstoff-13 Analysen dieser Materialien würden zu doppeldeutigen Ergebnissen führen, wenn Bioethanol etwa mit 10% oder 20% synthetischem Ethanol verdünnt würde. Auf der anderen Seite würde die Radiokohlenstoff-Analyse diese Verdünnung deutlich anzeigen.
Die Menge an chemischen und elektronischen Geräten, die für ein Radiokohlenstoff-Datierungslabor benötigt wird ist immens. Beta Analytic Inc., verfügt über 53 Flüssig-Szintillation-Zähler, Teilchenbeschleuniger mit Ionenquellen, Kohlenstoff-13 Massenspektrometer mit Elementaranalysatoren, 11 Benzol-Synthese-Vakuumleitungen, 12 Graphitisierungs-Vakuumleitungen und umfangreiche Geräte und Öfen für Vorbehandlungen und Verbrennungen.
Die wichtigen Steuergutschriften für Bioethanol in Benzin stellen eine große Versuchung für skrupellose Individuen dar, die synthetisches Ethanol (Erdöl) unterbreiten. Es wird angenommen, dass die Verdünnung von Bioethanol mit synthetischem Ethanol am häufigsten auftritt, in der Hoffnung, dass dies nicht auffallen wird. Allerdings ist ASTM D6866-05 eine quantitative Methode, die ganz klar jegliche Verdünnung anzeigen kann. ASTM D6866-05 kann auf diese Weise die Bioethanol-Industrie vor Betrug schützen. Eine ASTM D6866-05 Zertifikation sollte für jede Lieferung von Bioethanol erforderlich sein, um Steuergutschriften erhalten zu können.
## ASTM D6866 Aktualisierung
Seit Mai 11, 2012, gilt ASTM D6866-12 als neuer Standard.
Beta Analytic verwendet keine Flüssig-Szintillation-Zähler mehr für ASTM D6866 Prüfungen.
*Seite zuletzt aktualisiert am – 7. Januar, 2015*
---
### [US EPA](https://www.betalabservices.com/us-epa.html)
**Published:** May 6, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends [ASTM D6866](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html) as the standard for the determination of biogenic CO2 from municipal solid wastes and other mixed fuels (fuels with fossil and biomass inputs). Companies will be required to report their greenhouse gas inventories annually if they emit at least 25,000 metric tons of CO2 equivalent.
## **ASTM D6866 and Municipal Solid Wastes**
The EPA mandates that facilities with units that combust MSW should use ASTM Methods D6866-06a and [D7459-08](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html) to determine the relative proportions of biogenic and non-biogenic CO2 emissions.
Other pertinent excerpts from the EPA GHG protocol:
page 56405 – Perform the ASTM D7459-08 sampling and the ASTM D6866-08 analysis at least once in every calendar quarter in which MSW is combusted in the unit. Collect each gas sample during normal unit operating conditions while MSW is the only fuel being combusted for at least 24 consecutive hours or for as long as necessary to obtain a sample large enough to meet the specifications of ASTM D6866-08.
page 56406 – ASTM Methods D7459-08 and D6866-08 are used to determine the biogenic portion of the annual CO2 emissions from a unit that co-fires biogenic (other than MSW) and non-biogenic fuels.
The final EPA MRR is found in the [EPA website](https://www.epa.gov/ghgreporting/rulemaking-notices-ghg-reporting).
*Updated October 26, 2009*
---
### [About Beta - Bio fuel parent](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuels/about-beta-bio-fuel-parent.html)
**Published:** July 25, 2016
**Author:** FG
---
### [Search Results](https://www.betalabservices.com/search-results.html)
**Published:** August 23, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
---
### [¿¿Por qué medir el contenido biogénico de los biocombustibles?](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica-2.html)
**Published:** May 28, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Portugues Biobased](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues/base-biologica.html)
**Published:** September 22, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Base-biologica](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol/base-biologica.html)
**Published:** September 19, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [blog](https://www.betalabservices.com/blog.html)
**Published:** May 19, 2015
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [California AB32](https://www.betalabservices.com/astm-d6866-in-ca-ab32.html)
**Published:** March 21, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The [California Air Resources Board](http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm "CA ARB") has incorporated ASTM D6866 in its mandatory reporting regulation for greenhouse gas emissions. ASTM D6866 is the standard method for determining [carbon-neutral CO2](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-neutral-co2.html "carbon neutral carbon dioxide") emissions from general stationary combustion facilities, cement plants, and electric plants.
The greenhouse gas reporting regulation is part of California’s Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, better known as Assembly Bill 32 or AB32, which aims to cut greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and below 1990 levels by 2050.
## California’s Assembly Bill 32
[AB32](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/carbon-credits-ab32.html "AB32") requires cement plants, the electricity sector, cogeneration, petroleum refineries, hydrogen plants, and general stationary combustion facilities operating in California to report and verify their greenhouse gas emissions.
The California Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Resources Board has approved the mandatory reporting regulation in December 2007. The regulation took effect beginning December 2008.
*Updated August 21, 2009*
---
### [Western Climate Initiative](https://www.betalabservices.com/western-climate-initiative.html)
**Published:** August 21, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
Arizona, British Columbia, California, Manitoba, Montana, New Mexico, Ontario, Oregon, Quebec, Utah, and Washington are the partner-members of the [Western Climate Initiative](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/western-climate-initiative.html "western climate initiative") – an intergovernmental organization that aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the region. The WCI aims to establish an emissions cap-and-trade system. The first phase of the cap-and-trade scheme is set to start in January 2012.
## ASTM D6866 in WCI Mandatory Reporting Requirements
The WCI mandates operators of combustion units using mixed fuels (with both biomass and fossil inputs) or waste-derived fuels to use ASTM D6866 to measure the biogenic fraction of their emissions on a quarterly basis. Knowing the biogenic fraction of their greenhouse gas emissions is important as carbon-neutral CO2 is deductible from greenhouse gas inventories.
The WCI members are set to start mandatory reporting in 2011 for gases emitted in 2010.
*Updated August 31, 2009*
---
### [UN CDM AM0025](https://www.betalabservices.com/cdm-am0025.html)
**Published:** August 31, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Clean Development Mechanism Approved Baseline and Monitoring Methodology [AM0025](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/cdm-am0025.html "ASTM D6866 in AM0025"): “Avoided emissions from organic waste through alternative waste treatment processes.”
This methodology is applicable to projects where fresh waste intended for landfills is treated in any or a combination of these processes: composting, gasification, anaerobic digestion, RDF processing/thermal treatment without incineration, and incineration. Through the project, methane emissions in landfills are avoided and electricity or thermal energy is generated.
## ASTM D6866 in AM0025
The fraction of fossil carbon from municipal solid waste and other waste is determined through [ASTM D6866.](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866.html "ASTM D6866") Sampling is undertaken four times a year using [ASTM D7459](https://www.betalabservices.com/renewable-carbon/astmd6866-06a-sampling.html "ASTM D7459") – a standard on how to collect carbon dioxide emissions from stationary combustion units.
Through the CDM, companies in developed countries can obtain Certified Emission Reduction credits via projects that remove or reduce greenhouse gas emissions in other parts of the world. CERs can be traded or sold. One CER is equivalent to one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent.
Source: [Official CDM Web site](http://cdm.unfccc.int/about/index.html)
*Updated October 26, 2009*
---
### [USDA BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/usda-biopreferred-program.html)
**Published:** September 1, 2009
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The United States Department of Agriculture manages the [BioPreferred Program](https://www.betalabservices.com/biobased/usda-biopreferred.html) – the U.S. government’s initiative to promote the use of biobased products. BioPreferred is composed of two programs – the procurement program for federal agencies and their contractors and the voluntary labeling program, which aims to aid consumers in identifying biobased products available in the market.
Both BioPreferred programs recommend ASTM D6866 product certification. Through this standard, the exact percentage of biobased content of a material is known.
The USDA has set minimum levels of biobased content as requirement for its procurement program, under which federal agencies are required to buy products listed in the USDA BioPreferred Catalog with the highest biobased content as long as they are readily available, they meet performance standards of the federal agencies, and they are reasonably priced.
The voluntary labeling program, still in draft phase, is potentially open to both U.S. and imported products as long as they comply to the criteria set by the USDA. The minimum level of biobased content is the same for those designated items in the procurement program. Products that are not designated items have to be at least 51% biobased for them to be allowed to carry a USDA-approved label, which can be attached on the product’s packaging label as well as in their marketing materials.
For more information, visit the [BioPreferred Web site](http://www.biopreferred.gov).
*Updated June 25, 2010*
---
### [Korean Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/korean.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Portugues Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/portugues.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Italian Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/italiano.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [French Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/francais.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [Espanol Translations](https://www.betalabservices.com/espanol.html)
**Published:** August 27, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
---
### [test](https://www.betalabservices.com/test-3.html)
**Published:** September 9, 2014
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
daf
---
### [Testing Biomass Content of Biofuel Blends via Radiocarbon Dating](https://www.betalabservices.com/biofuel-blends.html)
**Published:** March 22, 2010
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
**Content:**
The 2007 study by the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited for New Zealand’s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority described a method for the verification of biofuel blends using radiocarbon dating.
The EECA wanted to develop an appropriate monitoring system to verify biofuel producers’ claims of the biofuel percentages in their products. The method described in the study used radiocarbon dating techniques to verify that the blended fuel contains the specified proportion of biofuel and that the claimed “biofuel” does not come from fossil sources.
According to the study (excerpts):
“Radiocarbon analysis can be used to determine the presence of a modern biological component in a fuel blend, and it can be applied in all situations of a two-component fuel mix where one component is derived from recent plant material or animal material and the other comes from fossil sources.
“For the estimation of the mixture proportions in a blend, it should be possible to measure a mixing proportion to within 0.5%, i.e. to calculate a mixing proportion to an accuracy of ± 0.5%.”
## About EECA
The EECA is the main agency responsible for helping to deliver the New Zealand Government’s energy efficiency agenda. The agency aims to encourage, promote, and support energy efficiency, energy conservation, and the use of renewable energy sources. It has developed the New Zealand Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy in conjunction with the country’s Ministry for the Environment.
---
## Webinars
### [Tracing Environmental Pollution: Isotopic Tools for Air, Water & Soil Monitoring](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/tracing-environmental-pollution-isotopic-tools-air/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Environmental contamination often involves multiple potential sources, making it difficult to determine where pollutants originate and how they move through air, water, and soil systems. This webinar explores how isotopic techniques such as Carbon-14 can be used to trace contamination sources, characterize environmental processes, and support remediation, monitoring, and regulatory investigations.
What you’ll learn:
– Introduction to environmental isotope tracing
– Isotopic tools for pollution source and process identification (14C, B, Sr, Pb)
– Case studies in air, water, and soil contamination
– Multi-isotope approaches for environmental forensics
– Analytical services and reporting
– Q&A
Industry: Geology
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Decarbonization Solution: Carbon-14 Analysis for Biogenic Emissions & CCUS Projects](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/decarbonization-solution-carbon-14-analysis-biogenic/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a webinar focused on the Southeast Asia (SEA) market, exploring biogenic carbon testing through Carbon-14 analysis (ASTM D6866) and its role in carbon accounting, emissions schemes, ESG reporting, and CCUS. Designed for facilities aiming to monitor and quantify biogenic emissions, this session will explain how Carbon-14 analysis provides accurate measurement of biogenic content. These insights support net-negative claims, regulatory compliance, and carbon credit eligibility. We will also provide a strategic overview of how this testing integrates into broader emissions reduction strategies, certification frameworks, and reporting requirements—helping operators demonstrate verified climate impact.
What you’ll learn:
– Rising Carbon price and why biogenic carbon matters
– Regulatory frameworks & incentives
– How is biogenic carbon measured?
– CCUS in hard-to-abate sectors
– Applications across sectors
– Carbon markets & certification
– Sampling & testing
Who should attend:
This webinar is designed for operators seeking to better understand biogenic emissions monitoring, as well as facilities considering CCUS implementation or the use of captured CO₂ as a feedstock—particularly where a portion of the carbon is biogenic.
Industry: Emissions
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Análisis Isotópico: Origen y Movilidad](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/analisis-isotopico-origen-movilidad/)
**Published:** October 10, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
SGS Beta le invita a este webinar complementario donde exploramos cómo el análisis isotópico permite reconstruir patrones de movilidad humana y animal, determinar el origen geográfico de materiales y muestras, e identificar fuentes de contaminación ambiental. A través de casos prácticos y ejemplos reales, nuestros expertos mostrarán cómo diferentes sistemas isotópicos pueden utilizarse para responder preguntas clave en arqueología, geología y ciencias ambientales, así como los criterios para seleccionar las muestras y metodologías analíticas más adecuadas para cada aplicación.
Agenda:
– Introducción a la sistemática isotópica
– Aplicaciones del análisis isotópico
– Casos prácticos
– Selección de muestras y métodos analíticos
– Ensayos y servicios de SGS Beta
– Conclusiones
¿A quién está dirigido este webinar?
Arqueólogos, bioarqueólogos, científicos arqueológicos, geoquímicos, geólogos e investigadores ambientales interesados en reconstruir patrones de movilidad, determinar procedencias geográficas e identificar fuentes ambientales mediante análisis isotópicos.
Industry: Archaeology
---
### [Water Quality: Isotopic Analysis to Identify Contamination](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/water-quality-isotopic-analysis-identify-contamination/)
**Published:** October 19, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
What you’ll learn:
– Understanding water contamination
– Why conventional water testing may not be enough
– Isotopic tools for contamination investigations
– Case studies and real-world applications
– Designing an effective testing strategy
– Conclusions
– Q&A
Who should attend:
Designed for environmental consultants, hydrologists, water-quality specialists, groundwater professionals, environmental regulators, and water utility managers aiming to pinpoint sources of contamination, distinguish natural from anthropogenic inputs, and strengthen environmental assessments. Attendees will gain practical insights into choosing suitable isotopic techniques, integrating results with standard water testing data, and applying these strategies to solve real-world environmental challenges.
Industry: Hydrology
---
### [Biogenic CO₂ in Industrial Emissions: Carbon Sources, Carbon-14 Testing, and Regulations](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/biogenic-co₂-industrial-emissions-carbon-sources/)
**Published:** October 3, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Discover key insights into CO₂ emissions testing and sampling via Carbon-14 analysis tailored for the European market. This session explores the significance of biogenic carbon measurement using C14 alongside relevant European regulations. Attendees will gain an understanding of how biogenic content is quantified through AMS and explore the range of CO₂ sample types accepted by SGS Beta.
What you’ll learn:
– Carbon Market Trends & Why Biogenic CO₂ Matters Today
– How is Biogenic Carbon Measured?
– Regulatory Frameworks & Incentives
– Industry Case Studies
– Sample Requirements & Submission Process
Who should attend?
This webinar is designed for Waste-to-Energy (WTE) and cement plant operators, facilities utilizing captured CO₂, carbon management professionals, and sustainability teams looking to quantify biogenic carbon, support compliance efforts, and explore emerging opportunities within evolving carbon markets.
Industry: Emissions
---
### [化生物基宣称为实证：碳-14测试与SGS Green Marks助力市场信心](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/zh-sgs-green-marks/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
现诚邀您参加SGS BETA实验室举办的研讨会，深入了解碳-14分析如何验证现代材料及产品中的生物基含量。本次研讨会将详细阐述ASTM D6866标准如何区分生物基碳与化石基碳，从而协助企业为其“生物基”声明提供确凿依据。我们将通过报告范例进行演示，重点分享涵盖包装、化工及消费品领域的实际案例研究，并展示碳-14（¹⁴C）检测结果如何为各类认证项目提供有力支撑。参会者将对围绕生物基含量验证、ESG可信度及市场透明度相关的分析方法与法规背景，建立清晰、全面的认知。
您将学到：
– 简介：为何可再生性验证至关重要，以及SGS BETA实验室在可信检测领域所扮演的角色。
– “生物基”的定义：深入解读 ASTM D6866、ISO 16620 和 EN 16640 等相关标准的核心要义。
– 碳-14 检测与标准：加速器质谱法（AMS）技术的运作原理及检测报告的呈现形式。
– 案例研究：来自包装、化工及消费品行业的真实应用案例。
– 认证、合规与市场影响。
– 实操指南：样品制备流程、检测周期及不确定度的解读方法。
– 问答环节。
欢迎参加：
从事可持续发展、合规管理、产品开发或认证工作，且涉及生物基声明验证或监管事务的专业人士。
Industry: Biobased
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Buenas prácticas en muestreo arqueológico para datación por radiocarbono](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/buenas-practicas-muestreo-arqueologico-datacion-radiocarbono-2/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Le invitamos a este seminario web gratuito sobre buenas prácticas en el muestreo arqueológico en campo y la selección de materiales para datación por radiocarbono. Dirigido a arqueólogos, geoarqueólogos y profesionales del patrimonio, esta sesión ofrecerá orientación práctica para elegir las muestras más adecuadas, construir cronologías sólidas y evitar errores comunes que pueden afectar la fiabilidad de los resultados.
Agenda:
– La datación por radiocarbono en el contexto arqueológico
– Construcción de cronologías: muestreo múltiple, replicación y lógica estratigráfica
– Buenas prácticas en la selección de muestras: carbón, hueso, semillas, carbonatos, sedimentos y materiales mixtos
– Supuestos clave y principales desafíos: efecto de “madera antigua”, materiales intrusivos, efecto reservorio y sesgos de conservación
– Casos de estudio
– Envío de muestras
Industry: Archaeology
[Otros webinarios](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Buenas prácticas en muestreo arqueológico para datación por radiocarbono](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/buenas-practicas-muestreo-arqueologico-datacion-radiocarbono/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Le invitamos a este seminario web gratuito sobre buenas prácticas en el muestreo arqueológico en campo y la selección de materiales para datación por radiocarbono. Dirigido a arqueólogos, geoarqueólogos y profesionales del patrimonio, esta sesión ofrecerá orientación práctica para elegir las muestras más adecuadas, construir cronologías sólidas y evitar errores comunes que pueden afectar la fiabilidad de los resultados.
Agenda:
– La datación por radiocarbono en el contexto arqueológico
– Construcción de cronologías: muestreo múltiple, replicación y lógica estratigráfica
– Buenas prácticas en la selección de muestras: carbón, hueso, semillas, carbonatos, sedimentos y materiales mixtos
– Supuestos clave y principales desafíos: efecto de “madera antigua”, materiales intrusivos, efecto reservorio y sesgos de conservación
– Casos de estudio
– Envío de muestras
Industry: Archaeology
[Otros webinarios](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Carbon-14 Testing for Biogenic Content in Biofuels](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/carbon-14-testing-biogenic-content-biofuels/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a webinar focused on the SEA Market on biofuels testing using Carbon-14 analysis (ASTM D6866 and international equivalent) and its role for carbon accounting under various clean fuels schemes (EU RED directive, LCFS programs, blending mandates). This session will explain how C-14 testing accurately quantifies biogenic content of biofuels, and how it helps support emissions reductions claims and regulatory compliance. We’ll also provide a strategic overview of how this testing integrates into broader sustainable strategies, ESG reporting (e.g. CI scores), regulatory compliance and marketing claims.
What you’ll learn:
– Growing role of biofuels for decarbonization
– Drivers, regulatory frameworks & incentives
– How biogenic carbon is measured
– Applications across sectors
– Carbon markets & certification
– Sampling & testing
Industry: Biofuels
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [웨비나 주제: 수자원 관리 - 동위원소 분석](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/ko-webinar-89582803529/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
수자원 관리를 위한 동위원소 분석에 대한 웨비나에 참여하여 첨단 동위원소 분석 기법 활용에 대한 귀중한 정보를 얻으세요. 본 웨비나에서는 지하수 연대 측정 및 유동 역학 분석을 위한 방사성탄소 분석의 실제 적용 사례를 다루고, 붕소 및 스트론튬 동위원소가 물의 기원 및 수원 추적을 위한 지구화학적 특징을 어떻게 제공하는지 보여드립니다. 또한 정확한 결과를 얻기 위한 지하수 시료 채취 방법 및 실험실 프로토콜과 실제 사례 연구를 소개합니다.
주제:
– 지하수의 방사성탄소 분석
– 물의 기원 연구에서 붕소 및 스트론튬 동위원소 분석
– 연구 사례들
– 지하수 시료 채취 및 실험실 프로토콜
– Q&A
대상 : 수질 평가 및 수자원 관리에 동위원소 분석을 적용하고자 하는 수문학자, 수자원 관리자, 지질 화학자, 컨설턴트, 관련 연구원 및 환경 전문가.
Industry: Hydrology
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [用于放射性碳测年的考古野外取样与材料选择](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/zh-webinar-82440914808/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
SGS BETA实验室诚邀您参加本次免费网络研讨会，共同探讨用于放射性碳测年的考古野外取样与材料选择的最佳实践。本次研讨会专为考古学家、地质考古学家及文化遗产专业人士设计，旨在提供实用的指导，协助您在野外工作中选取合适的样品，从而建立可靠的遗址年代序列、规避常见误区，并提升测年结果的可靠性。
研讨会将覆盖以下内容：
– 考古背景下的放射性碳测年应用
– 建立可靠的遗址年代序列：多样品取样、重复取样及地层学逻辑的应用
– 样品选择的最佳实践与野外取样策略：针对木炭、骨骼、种子、碳酸盐、沉积物及混合材料的取样方法
– 关键假设与挑战：旧木效应、再沉积（扰动）效应、外来侵入物质、储库效应及保存偏差等问题
– 案例分析
– 样品寄送流程
Industry: Archaeology
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Carbon-14 on Naturally Sourced Caffeine](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/carbon-14-naturally-sourced-caffeine/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a complimentary webinar on how Carbon-14 analysis is used to verify the authenticity of naturally sourced caffeine. Tailored for ingredient manufacturers, beverage and nutraceutical companies, and regulatory and quality teams, this session will provide practical insight into detecting synthetic adulteration, validating supplier claims, and supporting product integrity in a market under increasing scrutiny.
What you’ll learn:
– Market demand and risks around naturally-sourced caffeine claims
– Why natural vs synthetic caffeine is difficult to verify
– How Carbon-14 determines naturally sourced ingredients
– Detecting adulteration and verifying supplier claims
– Real-world applications for QA and product integrity
– How SGS Beta supports reliable, audit-ready testing
Industry: Natural Ingredients
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Archaeological Field Sampling and Material Selection for Radiocarbon Dating](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/archaeological-field-sampling-material-selection-radiocarbon/)
**Published:** June 17, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a complimentary webinar on best practices for archaeological field sampling and material selection for radiocarbon dating. Designed for archaeologists, geoarchaeologists, and heritage professionals, this session will provide practical guidance on selecting the right samples in the field to build robust site chronologies, avoid common pitfalls, and improve the reliability of dating results.
What you’ll learn:
– Radiocarbon dating in the archaeological context
– Building a robust site chronology: multiple samples, replication, and stratigraphic logic
– Best practices for sample selection & Field sampling strategy: charcoal, bone, seeds, carbonates, sediments, and mixed materials
– Key assumptions & challenges: old wood effect, reworking, intrusive material, reservoir effects, and preservation biases.
– Case studies
– Sample submission
Industry: Archaeology
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Understanding DIN CERTCO Biobased Certification and Carbon-14 Verification](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/understanding-din-certco-biobased-certification-carbon/)
**Published:** July 16, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Agenda:
– The growing demand for transparent and credible biobased claims
– Understanding biobased content verification through Carbon-14 testing
– Overview of the DIN CERTCO Biobased Certification Program
– Certification requirements and application process
– Q&A and discussion with experts from SGS Beta and DIN CERTCO
Industry: Biobased
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Certificación Biobased de DIN CERTCO y Verificación del Contenido de Origen Biológico mediante Carbono-14](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/certificacion-biobased-din-certco-verificacion-contenido/)
**Published:** July 16, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Agenda:
– La creciente demanda de declaraciones sobre contenido “biobased” o de origen biológico que sean transparentes y creíbles.
– Cómo se verifica el contenido “biobased” mediante análisis de Carbono-14.
– Visión general del programa de Certificación Biobased de DIN CERTCO.
– Requisitos de certificación y proceso de solicitud.
– Sesión de preguntas y respuestas (Q&A) y debate con expertos de SGS Beta y DIN CERTCO.
Industry: Biobased
[Otros webinarios](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Análisis de Carbono-14: Clave para Validar Ingredientes Naturales](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/analisis-carbono-14-clave-validar-ingredientes/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Acceda a la grabación donde abordamos cómo el análisis de Carbono-14 ayuda a verificar la autenticidad de ingredientes naturales, prevenir fraude y cumplir con estándares internacionales.
En este webinar aprenderá:
\* Tendencias de mercado que impulsan la adulteración y el fraude
\* Qué significa “biobased” o “de origen biológico” y cómo se aplica la norma ASTM D6866
\* Cómo el análisis de Carbono-14 diferencia ingredientes naturales y sintéticos
\* Casos de estudio: aceite de ajo y aceite de menta
\* Cómo enviar muestras al laboratorio de SGS Beta
Industry: Natural Ingredients
[Otros webinarios](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [End-to-End Verification: Carbon-14 Measurement of Natural Ingredients Across the Supply Chain](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/end-end-verification-carbon-14-measurement/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Agenda:
- Why “natural” and “biobased” claims face growing scrutiny
- Where verification gaps occur across supply chains
- Carbon-14 fundamentals for natural ingredient testing
- End-to-end verification: from raw materials to finished products
- Sampling strategies and real-world case examples
- Q&A
This webinar is designed for ingredient manufacturers and distributors, quality and product integrity teams, supply chain and traceability specialists, and R&D and formulation scientists—focused on ensuring the authenticity and transparency of natural ingredients across the supply chain.
**Speaker:**
Dr. Maren Pauly – Scientific Associate • SGS Beta
Maren Pauly is a natural scientist specializing in isotope geochemistry, using stable and radiocarbon isotope analysis to uncover the origins, authenticity, and composition of a wide range of materials. She completed her PhD in Natural Sciences at Freie Universität Berlin, following a Master of Science and Bachelor of Science at the University of Waterloo in Canada. Currently a Scientific Associate at SGS Beta, Maren has experience applying isotope techniques across diverse sectors including geology, archaeology and biobased industries.
Industry: Natural Ingredients
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [ASTM D6866 Testing for Biogenic Emissions and CCUS](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/astm-d6866-testing-biogenic-emissions-ccus-2/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a webinar focused on the SEA Market on biogenic carbon testing Carbon-14 analysis (ASTM D6866) and its role for carbon accounting under various Emissions schemes, ESG reporting and CCUS. Designed for facilities looking to monitor their biogenic emissions. This session will explain how C-14 testing accurately quantifies biogenic content. This supports net-negative claims, regulatory compliance, and carbon credit eligibility. We’ll also provide a strategic overview of how this testing integrates into broader emissions reduction strategies, certification frameworks, and reporting requirements, helping operators achieve verified climate impact.
## Agenda:
- Rising Carbon price and why biogenic carbon matters
- Regulatory frameworks & incentives
- How is biogenic carbon measured?
- CCUS in hard-to-abate sectors
- Applications across sectors
- Carbon markets & certification
- Sampling & testing
This webinar is for any operators seeking to gain insights on emission monitoring of biogenic emission and facilities considering implementing CCUS or using captured CO2 as a feedstock, where at least a portion of the Carbon would be biogenic.
**Speaker: Jessica Ballasi**
Jessica Ballasi is a Policy Research Associate at SGS Beta. She actively researches policy development relating to biogenic and biobased products worldwide. She joined Beta in 2023 and holds an LLM in International Law and Security from the University of Glasgow.
Industry: Emissions
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [利用碳-14测试生物燃料和碳氢化合物气体的生物源含量](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/zh-webinar-85341795097/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
现邀请未加入直播的燃料生产、监管合规、温室气体报告、碳市场和环境检测领域的专业人士注册回看本次研讨会，并欢迎联系我们进行进一步讨论。
议程：
- 什么是“生物源 (biogenic)”？
- 为什么要测试生物燃料中的生物源碳含量？
- 如何测试？
- 测试标准
- 案例研究：行业应用和样品类型
- 如何寄样进行测试
Industry: Biofuels
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Using ASTM D6866 to Verify Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/astm-d6866-verify-sustainable-aviation-fuel/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a complimentary webinar exploring how Carbon-14 testing supports accurate verification of the biogenic carbon content of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) across production, blending, and supply chains. This session will provide an overview of the regulatory, and sustainability landscape shaping SAF markets, and explain how ASTM D6866-based biogenic testing helps organizations substantiate renewable content claims, strengthen reporting, and align with evolving decarbonization goals.
## Agenda:
- Aviation decarbonization targets and net-zero commitments
- Risks of mislabeling, fraud claims and inconsistent sustainability claims
- Regulatory frameworks and incentives
- ASTM D6866: Principles and Relevance to SAF
- Applications
- Testing neat SAF, blends, and intermediates
- Use cases across production, blending, and supply chains
- SAF Certification and Reporting
- Sample Submissions & Testing Considerations
This webinar is for SAF producers, fuel blenders, airlines, regulators, auditors, and sustainability teams involved in verifying, reporting, or procuring fuels with biogenic content claims.
**Speaker: Dr. Maren Pauly, SGS Beta Scientific Associate**
Maren Pauly is a natural scientist specializing in isotope geochemistry, using stable and radiocarbon isotope analysis to uncover the origins, authenticity, and composition of a wide range of materials. She completed her PhD in Natural Sciences at Freie Universität Berlin, following a Master of Science and Bachelor of Science at the University of Waterloo in Canada. Currently a Scientific Associate at SGS Beta, Maren has experience applying isotope techniques across diverse sectors including geology, archaeology and biobased industries.
Industry: Biofuels
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Carbon-14 Analysis: Defining Biobased & Measuring Packaging, Plastics, and More](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/carbon-14-analysis-defining-biobased-measuring-3/)
**Published:** July 21, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us to learn how Carbon-14 biobased testing fits into today’s complex sustainability landscape, including how biobased claims differ from recyclable and biodegradable claims and how they can be used together to avoid greenwashing risk. We’ll cover key material and product applications across packaging and plastics, along with global regulatory and market drivers shaping demand for biobased content. You’ll also gain clarity on biobased certification pathways and how verified claims support ESG goals, labeling compliance, and global market access.
## Agenda:
- Understanding Green Claims: a focus on biobased, biodegradable, and recyclable
- Materials & Applications: biobased packaging, plastics, and more
- Global demand & Regulation: single-use plastics restrictions
- Testing & Biobased Certification: USDA BioPreferred, SGS Green Marks, and other programs
- ESG & Market Strategy: avoid greenwashing and enable global market access
This webinar is designed for sustainability leaders, product developers, and compliance teams who need a clear, science-backed way to substantiate biobased claims, navigate evolving plastics regulations, and turn certified materials into a competitive ESG and market-access advantage.
## Speakers/Panelists:
- Maren Pauly – SGS Beta Scientific Research Associate
Maren Pauly is a natural scientist specializing in isotope geochemistry, applying stable and radiocarbon analysis to verify biobased content, substantiate sustainability claims, and support regulatory compliance across global markets. She completed her PhD in Natural Sciences at Freie Universität Berlin, following a Master of Science and Bachelor of Science at the University of Waterloo in Canada. As a Scientific Associate at SGS Beta, Maren works with clients across packaging, plastics, fuels, cosmetics, and other biobased industries to translate laboratory results into defensible certifications, ESG reporting, and market-ready claims.
- Benjamin Kling – SGS Beta Policy Research Associate
Benjamin Kling is a Policy Research Associate at SGS Beta, where he supports the use of biogenic content measurements in regulatory frameworks worldwide. He holds BA and MA degrees from the University of Miami and joined Beta in 2022.
- Jessica Ballasi – SGS Beta Policy Research Associate
Jessica Ballasi is a Policy Research Associate at SGS Beta. She actively researches policy development relating to biogenic and biobased products worldwide. She joined Beta in 2023 and holds an LLM in International Law and Security from the University of Glasgow.
Industry: Biobased
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Integrating Radiocarbon and Isotope Analysis in Quaternary Research](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/integrating-radiocarbon-isotope-analysis-quaternary-research/)
**Published:** July 23, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Agenda:
– The changing nature of Quaternary research: increasing interdisciplinary approaches
– Radiocarbon dating as the chronological foundation
– Moving beyond chronology with isotope analysis
– Building an integrated analytical strategy
– Sample selection and project planning
– Q&A
Who should attend:
Designed for archaeologists, geologists, palaeoecologists, palaeoclimatologists, geomorphologists and other Quaternary researchers who want to move beyond establishing when something happened to investigate where people, animals and materials originated, how they moved, and how environments changed through time.
Industry: Geology
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
---
### [Biogenic Carbon Determination of Biogas Using Carbon-14 Testing](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/biogenic-carbon-determination-biogas-carbon-14/)
**Published:** July 16, 2026
**Author:** RL
**Content:**
Join us for a webinar focused on Biogas and Biomethane testing using Carbon-14 analysis (ASTM D6866 and international equivalents) and its role for carbon accounting under various decarbonization schemes (RIN tax credits, LCFS programs, EU RED directive). This session will explain how C-14 testing accurately quantifies biogenic content of hydrocarbons, and how it helps support emissions reduction claims, tax credit awards and regulatory compliance. We’ll also provide a strategic overview of how this testing integrates into broader sustainable strategies, ESG reporting (e.g. CI scores), regulatory compliance and marketing claims.
What you’ll learn:
– Market trends and global demand
– Regulatory framework & Carbon market
– How is biogenic carbon measured?
– Applications across sectors
– Sampling & testing
Who should attend:
This webinar is for any biogas producers or traders seeking to gain insights on biogenic testing to determine the biogenic share of biogas (co-processing, Anaerobic digestion, waste-to-biogas, biogas-to-electricity) for regulatory compliance purposes, ESG reporting and decarbonization goals.
Industry: Biofuels
[More Webinars](https://www.betalabservices.com/webinars/)
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## Downloads
### [Download ISO 17025 Certificate](https://www.betalabservices.com/?post_type=dlm_download&p=14723)
**Published:** June 26, 2018
**Author:** Ivan Aguilar
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